Ernst Witt Collected Papers Gesammelte Abhandlungen

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Ernst Witt Collected Papers Gesammelte Abhandlungen ERNST WITT COLLECTED PAPERS GESAMMELTE ABHANDLUNGEN Edited by Ina Kersten With an Essay by Günter Härder on Witt Vectors Contents Vorstellungsbericht Jahrbuch Akad. Wiss. Göttingen (1983) 100-101 Papers by Ernst Witt in Chronological Order 419 Quadratic Forms 1. Theorie der quadratischen Formen in beliebigen Körpern 2 J. reine angew. Math. 176 (1937) 31-44 Editor's Remark 16 2. Über eine Invariante quadratischer Formen mod 2 17 J. reine angew. Math. 193 (1954) 119-120 3. Über die Arfsche Invariante quadratischer Formen mod 2 (mit Wilhelm Klingenberg) 19 J. reine angew. Math. 193 (1954) 121-122 4. Verschiedene Bemerkungen zur Theorie der quadratischen Formen über einem Körper 21 Centre Beige Rech. Math., Coli. d'Algebre sup. Bruxelles 1956 (1957) 245-250 IX Contents 5. Euklidische Kongruenzsätze in metrischen Vektorräumen (mit Hanfried Lenz) 27 Unpublished 1957 Remarks by Sigrid Böge 32 6. Über quadratische Formen in Körpern 35 Unpublished 1967 Remarks by Falko Lorenz 39 7. Über die Sätze von Artin—Springer und Knebusch 41 Unpublished 1973 Class Field Theory and Function Fields Facsimile on Class Field Theory (about 1933) 42 8. Riemann—Rochscher Satz und Z-Funktion im Hyperkomplexen 43 Math. Ann. 110 (1934) 12-28 Remarks by Günter Tamme 60 9. Über ein Gegenbeispiel zum Normensatz 63 Math. Z. 39 (1935) 462-467 10. Der Existenzsatz für abelsche Funktionenkörper 69 J. reine angew. Math. 173 (1935) 43-51 11. Zur Funktionalgleichung der L-Reihen im Funktionenkörperfall 78 Unpublished 1936 Handwritten Notes Summarized by Rainer Schulze-Pillot 12. Zerlegung reeller algebraischer Funktionen in Quadrate. Schiefkörper über reellem Funktionenkörper 81 J. reine angew. Math. 171 (1934) 4-11 Remarks by Claus Scheiderer 89 13. Über die Invarianz des Geschlechts eines algebraischen Funktionenkörpers 90 J. reine angew. Math. 172 (1935) 75-76 X Contents 14. Zyklische unverzweigte Erweiterungskörper vom Primzahlgrade p über einem algebraischen Funktionenkörper der Charakteristik p (mit Helmut Hasse) 92 Monatsh. Math. Phys. 43 (1936) 477-492 15. Unverzweigte abelsche Körper vom Exponenten pn über einem algebraischen Funktionenkörper der Charakteristik p (mit Hermann Ludwig Schmid) 108 J. reine angew. Math. 176 (1937) 168-173 16. Bemerkungen zum Beweis des Hauptidealsatzes von S. Iyanaga 114 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 11 (1936) 221 17. Verlagerung von Gruppen und Hauptidealsatz 115 Proc. ICM 1954, Amsterdam, Vol. II, North-Holland Publ. Comp. 1954, 71-73 Theory of Fields and Algebras 18. Algebra (a, b, 0 117 Facsimile 1934 19. Zwei Regeln über verschränkte Produkte 118 J. reine angew. Math. 173 (1935) 191-192 20. Konstruktion von galoisschen Körpern der Charakteristik p zu vorgegebener Gruppe der Ordnung pf 120 J. reine angew. Math. 174 (1936) 237-245 21. Schiefkörper über diskret bewerteten Körpern 129 J. reine angew. Math. 176 (1937) 153-156 22. p—Algebren und Pfaffsche Formen 133 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 22 (1958) 308-315 Editor's Remarks 141 XI Contents Witt Vectors 23. Zyklische Körper und Algebren der Charakteristik p vom Grad pn. Struktur diskret bewerteter perfekter Körper mit vollkommenem Restklassenkörper der Charakteristik p 142 J. reine angew. Math. 176 (1937) 126-140 24. Vektorkalkül und Endomorphismen der Einspotenzreihengruppe 157 Unpublished 1969 Remark by Thomas Zink 163 Facsimile 1964 164 An Essay on Witt Vectors by Günter Härder 165 English Translation by Bärbel and Christopher Deninger Lie Theory 25. Treue Darstellung Liescher Ringe 195 J. reine angew. Math. 177 (1937) 152-160 26. Treue Darstellungen beliebiger Liescher Ringe 204 Collectanea Math. 6 (1953) 107-115 27. Spiegelungsgruppen und Aufzählung halbeinfacher Liescher Ringe 213 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 14 (1941) 289-322 Remarks by Ulf Rehmann 247 28. Die Automorphismengruppen der Cayleyzahlen 253 J. reine angew. Math. 182 (1940) 205 29. Die Unterringe der freien Lieschen Ringe 254 Math. Z. 64 (1956) 195-216 30. Über eine Klasse von Algebren mit lauter endlich erzeugbaren Unteralgebren 276 Mitt. Math. Ges. Hamburg X (1976) 311 XII Contents Group Theory and Combinatorics 31. Über Normalteiler, deren Ordnung prim ist zum Index 277 Unpublished 1937 Editor's Remark 278 32. Die 5-fach transitiven Gruppen von Mathieu 279 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 12 (1938) 256-264 33. Über Steinersche Systeme 288 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 12 (1938) 265-275 An Essay on Ernst Witt's Work on the Mathieu Groups and on Steiner Systems by Peter M. Neumann 299 34. Zum Problem der 36 Offiziere 305 Jber. DMV 48 (1938) 66-67 Editor's Remark 306 35. Konstruktion endlicher Ebenen 307 Internationale Nachr., 16. Jahrgang, Nr. 72 (1962) 50-51 36. Über die Kommutatorgruppe kompakter Gruppen 308 Rend. Mat. e Appl. (5), 14 (1955) 125-129 Algebra and Number Theory 37. Eine Identität zwischen Modulformen zweiten Grades . 313 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 14 (1941) 323-337 Editor's Remark 328 Facsimile 1972 329 38. Die algebraische Struktur des Gruppenringes einer endlichen Gruppe über einem Zahlkörper 330 J. reine angew. Math. 290 (1952) 231-245 Anmerkungen von Peter Roquette 345 English Abstract by Bärbel Deninger 348 39. Ein kombinatorischer Satz der Elementargeometrie 349 Math. Nachr. 6 (1952) 261-262 XIII Contents 40. Über freie Ringe und ihre Unterringe 351 Math. Z. 58 (1953) 113-114 41. Zur Theorie der Schrägverbände (mit Pascual Jordan) 353 Akad. Wiss. Lit. Mainz, Abh. math.-naturw. Kl. 1953, Nr. 5, 225-232 42. Beziehungen zwischen Klassengruppen von Zahlkörpern 361 Unpublished 1961 Facsimile 367 Editor's Remark 368 43. Über die Divergenz gewisser ^-Reihen 369 Unpublished 1969 Analysis 44. Rekursionsformel für Volumina sphärischer Polyeder .... 371 Arch. Math. 1 (1949) 317-318 45. Sobre el Teorema de Zorn 373 Rev. Mat. Hisp.-Amer. (4) 10 (1950) 82-85 46. Beweisstudien zum Satz von M. Zorn 377 Math. Nachr. 4 (1951) 434-438 47. Algunas cuestiones de matemätica intuicionista 382 Conferencias de Matemätica II, Publ. del Instituto de Matemäticas "Jorge Juan", Madrid 1951 48. Über die Konstruktion von Fundamentalbereichen 388 Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 36 (1954) 215-221 New Proofs of Known Theorems 49. Über die Kommutativität endlicher Schiefkörper 395 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 8 (1931) 413 50. Der Satz von v. Staudt—Clausen 396 Unpublished 1936 XIV Contents 51. Primzahlsatz 397 Facsimile Remarks by Horst Leptin 398 52. Ein Identitätssatz für Polynome 402 Mitt. Math. Ges. Hamburg VIII, Teil 2, (1940) 188-189 53. Über einen Satz von Ostrowski 404 Arch. Math. 3 (1952) 334 54. Über den Auswahlsatz von Blaschke 405 Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 19 (1955) 77 Miscellanea 55. Homöomorphie einiger Tychonoffprodukte 406 Topology and its Applications (Proc. Conf. Memorial Univ. Newfoundland, St. John's, Nfdl.,1973) 199-200. Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math. 12, Dekker, New York, 1975 56. Über die Ordnungen endlicher Neokörper 408 Colloquium Talk 1977 57. Erinnerungen an Gabriel Dirac in Hamburg 410 Ann. of Discr. Math. 41 (1989) 497-498 Lists Titles of Talks 412 Book Reviews 415 Contributors to this Volume 417 Acknowledgements 418 Papers (in Chronological Order) 419 XV .
Recommended publications
  • Mathematicians Fleeing from Nazi Germany
    Mathematicians Fleeing from Nazi Germany Mathematicians Fleeing from Nazi Germany Individual Fates and Global Impact Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze princeton university press princeton and oxford Copyright 2009 © by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Siegmund-Schultze, R. (Reinhard) Mathematicians fleeing from Nazi Germany: individual fates and global impact / Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-12593-0 (cloth) — ISBN 978-0-691-14041-4 (pbk.) 1. Mathematicians—Germany—History—20th century. 2. Mathematicians— United States—History—20th century. 3. Mathematicians—Germany—Biography. 4. Mathematicians—United States—Biography. 5. World War, 1939–1945— Refuges—Germany. 6. Germany—Emigration and immigration—History—1933–1945. 7. Germans—United States—History—20th century. 8. Immigrants—United States—History—20th century. 9. Mathematics—Germany—History—20th century. 10. Mathematics—United States—History—20th century. I. Title. QA27.G4S53 2008 510.09'04—dc22 2008048855 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Sabon Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ press.princeton.edu Printed in the United States of America 10 987654321 Contents List of Figures and Tables xiii Preface xvii Chapter 1 The Terms “German-Speaking Mathematician,” “Forced,” and“Voluntary Emigration” 1 Chapter 2 The Notion of “Mathematician” Plus Quantitative Figures on Persecution 13 Chapter 3 Early Emigration 30 3.1. The Push-Factor 32 3.2. The Pull-Factor 36 3.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Witt's Cancellation Theorem Seen As a Cancellation 1
    WITT'S CANCELLATION THEOREM SEEN AS A CANCELLATION SUNIL K. CHEBOLU, DAN MCQUILLAN, AND JAN´ MINA´ Cˇ Dedicated to the late Professor Amit Roy Abstract. Happy birthday to the Witt ring! The year 2017 marks the 80th anniversary of Witt's famous paper containing some key results, including the Witt cancellation theorem, which form the foundation for the algebraic theory of quadratic forms. We pay homage to this paper by presenting a transparent, algebraic proof of the Witt cancellation theorem, which itself is based on a cancellation. We also present an overview of some recent spectacular work which is still building on Witt's original creation of the algebraic theory of quadratic forms. 1. Introduction The algebraic theory of quadratic forms will soon celebrate its 80th birthday. Indeed, it was 1937 when Witt's pioneering paper [24] { a mere 14 pages { first introduced many beautiful results that we love so much today. These results form the foundation for the algebraic theory of quadratic forms. In particular they describe the construction of the Witt ring itself. Thus the cute little baby, \The algebraic theory of quadratic forms" was healthy and screaming with joy, making his father Ernst Witt very proud. Grandma Emmy Noether, Figure 1. Shortly after the birth of the Algebraic Theory of Quadratic Forms. had she still been alive, would have been so delighted to see this little tyke! 1 Almost right 1Emmy Noether's male Ph.D students, including Ernst Witt, were often referred to as \Noether's boys." The reader is encouraged to consult [6] to read more about her profound influence on the development of mathematics.
    [Show full text]
  • Quadratic Forms and Their Applications
    Quadratic Forms and Their Applications Proceedings of the Conference on Quadratic Forms and Their Applications July 5{9, 1999 University College Dublin Eva Bayer-Fluckiger David Lewis Andrew Ranicki Editors Published as Contemporary Mathematics 272, A.M.S. (2000) vii Contents Preface ix Conference lectures x Conference participants xii Conference photo xiv Galois cohomology of the classical groups Eva Bayer-Fluckiger 1 Symplectic lattices Anne-Marie Berge¶ 9 Universal quadratic forms and the ¯fteen theorem J.H. Conway 23 On the Conway-Schneeberger ¯fteen theorem Manjul Bhargava 27 On trace forms and the Burnside ring Martin Epkenhans 39 Equivariant Brauer groups A. FrohlichÄ and C.T.C. Wall 57 Isotropy of quadratic forms and ¯eld invariants Detlev W. Hoffmann 73 Quadratic forms with absolutely maximal splitting Oleg Izhboldin and Alexander Vishik 103 2-regularity and reversibility of quadratic mappings Alexey F. Izmailov 127 Quadratic forms in knot theory C. Kearton 135 Biography of Ernst Witt (1911{1991) Ina Kersten 155 viii Generic splitting towers and generic splitting preparation of quadratic forms Manfred Knebusch and Ulf Rehmann 173 Local densities of hermitian forms Maurice Mischler 201 Notes towards a constructive proof of Hilbert's theorem on ternary quartics Victoria Powers and Bruce Reznick 209 On the history of the algebraic theory of quadratic forms Winfried Scharlau 229 Local fundamental classes derived from higher K-groups: III Victor P. Snaith 261 Hilbert's theorem on positive ternary quartics Richard G. Swan 287 Quadratic forms and normal surface singularities C.T.C. Wall 293 ix Preface These are the proceedings of the conference on \Quadratic Forms And Their Applications" which was held at University College Dublin from 5th to 9th July, 1999.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributions to the History of Number Theory in the 20Th Century Author
    Peter Roquette, Oberwolfach, March 2006 Peter Roquette Contributions to the History of Number Theory in the 20th Century Author: Peter Roquette Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Mathematisches Institut Im Neuenheimer Feld 288 69120 Heidelberg Germany E-mail: [email protected] 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification (primary; secondary): 01-02, 03-03, 11-03, 12-03 , 16-03, 20-03; 01A60, 01A70, 01A75, 11E04, 11E88, 11R18 11R37, 11U10 ISBN 978-3-03719-113-2 The Swiss National Library lists this publication in The Swiss Book, the Swiss national bibliography, and the detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://www.helveticat.ch. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broad- casting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use permission of the copyright owner must be obtained. © 2013 European Mathematical Society Contact address: European Mathematical Society Publishing House Seminar for Applied Mathematics ETH-Zentrum SEW A27 CH-8092 Zürich Switzerland Phone: +41 (0)44 632 34 36 Email: [email protected] Homepage: www.ems-ph.org Typeset using the author’s TEX files: I. Zimmermann, Freiburg Printing and binding: Beltz Bad Langensalza GmbH, Bad Langensalza, Germany ∞ Printed on acid free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To my friend Günther Frei who introduced me to and kindled my interest in the history of number theory Preface This volume contains my articles on the history of number theory except those which are already included in my “Collected Papers”.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nazi Era: the Berlin Way of Politicizing Mathematics
    The Nazi era: the Berlin way of politicizing mathematics Norbert Schappacher The first impact of the Nazi regime on mathematical life, occurring essentially be- tween 1933 and 1937. took the form of a wave of dismissals of Jewish or politically suspect civil servants. It affected, overall, about 30 per cent of all mathematicians holding positions at German universities. These dismissals had nothing to do with a systematic policy for science, rather they proceeded according to various laws and decrees which concerned all civil servants alike. The effect on individual institutes depended crucially on local circumstances see [6] , section 3.1, for details. Among the Berlin mathematicians, S0-year-old Richard von Mises was the first to emigrate. He went to Istanbul at the end of 1933. where he was joined by his assistant and future second wife Hilda Pollaczek-Geiringer who had been dismissed from her position in the summer of 1933. Formally, von N{ises resigned of his own free will he was exempt from the racial clause of the first Nazi law about civil servants because he had already been a civil servant before August 1914. Having seen what the "New Germany" of the Nazis was like, he preferred to anticipate later, stricter laws, which would indeed have cost him his job and citizenship in the autumn of 1935. The Jewish algebraist Issai Schur who, like von Mises. had been a civil servant already before World War I was temporarily put on Ieave in the summer of 1933, and even though this was revoked in October 1933 he would no longer teach the large classes which for years had been a must even for students who were not primarily into pure mathematics.
    [Show full text]
  • The Riemann Hypothesis in Characteristic P in Historical Perspective
    The Riemann Hypothesis in Characteristic p in Historical Perspective Peter Roquette Version of 3.7.2018 2 Preface This book is the result of many years' work. I am telling the story of the Riemann hypothesis for function fields, or curves, of characteristic p starting with Artin's thesis in the year 1921, covering Hasse's work in the 1930s on elliptic fields and more, until Weil's final proof in 1948. The main sources are letters which were exchanged among the protagonists during that time which I found in various archives, mostly in the University Library in G¨ottingen but also at other places in the world. I am trying to show how the ideas formed, and how the proper notions and proofs were found. This is a good illustration, fortunately well documented, of how mathematics develops in general. Some of the chapters have already been pre-published in the \Mitteilungen der Mathematischen Gesellschaft in Hamburg". But before including them into this book they have been thoroughly reworked, extended and polished. I have written this book for mathematicians but essentially it does not require any special knowledge of particular mathematical fields. I have tried to explain whatever is needed in the particular situation, even if this may seem to be superfluous to the specialist. Every chapter is written such that it can be read independently of the other chapters. Sometimes this entails a repetition of information which has al- ready been given in another chapter. The chapters are accompanied by \summaries". Perhaps it may be expedient first to look at these summaries in order to get an overview of what is going on.
    [Show full text]
  • From FLT to Finite Groups
    From FLT to Finite Groups The remarkable career of Otto Gr¨un by Peter Roquette March 9, 2005 Abstract Every student who starts to learn group theory will soon be confronted with the theorems of Gr¨un. Immediately after their publication in the mid 1930s these theorems found their way into group theory textbooks, with the comment that those theorems are of fundamental importance in connection with the classical Sylow theorems. But little is known about the mathematician whose name is connected with those theorems. In the following we shall report about the re- markable mathematical career of Otto Gr¨un who, as an amateur mathematician without having had the opportunity to attend university, published his first pa- per (out of 26) when he was 46. The results of that first paper belong to the realm of Fermat’s Last Theorem (abbreviated: FLT). Later Gr¨unswitched to group theory. 1 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 The first letters: FLT (1932) 3 2.1 Gr¨unand Hasse in 1932 . 3 2.2 Vandiver’s conjecture and more . 5 3 From FLT to finite groups (1933) 10 3.1 Divisibility of class numbers: Part 1 . 10 3.2 Divisibility of class numbers: Part 2 . 12 3.3 Representations over finite fields . 13 4 The two classic theorems of Gr¨un(1935) 14 4.1 The second theorem of Gr¨un . 15 4.2 The first theorem of Gr¨un. 16 4.3 Hasse and the transfer . 16 4.4 Gr¨un, Wielandt, Thompson . 21 5 Gr¨unmeets Hasse (1935) 22 5.1 Hasse’s questions .
    [Show full text]
  • Jahrestagung Der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung Deutschen Der Jahrestagung Herausgegeben Von / Edited by by Edited / Von Herausgegeben
    2015 of of of thethethe Hendrik Niehaus , in Hamburg, Germany Germany in Hamburg, in Hamburg, , , 2015 2015 2015 2015 & September 21 – 25 schen Mathematiker-Vereinigung 25. restagung der restagung bis Jahrestagung der Jahrestagung Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung und Hansestadt Hamburg Freie 21. edited by / von herausgegeben Benedikt Löwe Annual Meeting Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung September bis bis Hamburg, Hansestadt und Freie September September Hendrik Niehaus Hendrik Löwe Benedikt & 25. 21. 2015 Jahrestagung der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung Deutschen der Jahrestagung herausgegeben von / edited by by edited / von herausgegeben Programm Schedule Monday, 21 September 2015 Tuesday, 22 September 2015 Wednesday, 23 September 2015 Thursday, 24 September 2015 Friday, 25 September 2015 Jørgen Ellegaard Andersen Michael Eichmair Kathrin Bringmann Charles M. Elliott Minimal surfaces, isoperimetry, and non-negative Topological quantum fi eld theory 9.00 -10.00 Meromorphic Maass forms PDEs on evolving domains scalar curvature in asymptotically fl at manifolds in low dimensional topology Hörsaal A Hörsaal A Hörsaal A Hörsaal A 10.00 - 10.30 Coffee Break Coffee Break Coffee Break Coffee Break Minisymposia 1: Minisymposia 3: Minisymposia 5: Minisymposia 7: #1, #2, #4, #15, #17, #18, #2, #4, #6, #12, #15, #17, #3, #5, #6, #10, #12, #14, #3, #5, #7, #8, #9, #11, 10.30 - 12.30 #20, #27, #32, #35, #36, #20, #21, #22, #26, #27, #31, #16, #19, #22, #23, #24, #25, #14, #16, #19, #23, #24, #37, #39. #32, #34, #35, #36, #37. #26, #28, #31, #37, #38. #25, #29, #30, #33, #38. 12.30 - 14.00 Lunch Break Lunch Break Mittagsseminar Lunch Break Mathematik in Industrie Minisymposia 2: Minisymposia 4: und Gesellschaft Minisymposia 8: 14.00 - 15.00 #1, #2, #4, #13, #15, #17, #18, #2, #4, #10, #15, #17, #18, #20, #21, #3, #5, #7, #8, #9, #11, #14, #16, #20, #21, #27, #32, #35, #36.
    [Show full text]
  • Logic's Lost Genius
    HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS • VOLUME 33 Logic’s Lost Genius The Life of Gerhard Gentzen Eckart Menzler-Trott American Mathematical Society • London Mathematical Society Logic’s Lost Genius The Life of Gerhard Gentzen https://doi.org/10.1090/hmath/033 HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS VOLUME 33 Logic’s Lost Genius The Life of Gerhard Gentzen Eckart Menzler-Trott Translated by Craig Smorynski ´ and Edward Griffor Editorial Board American Mathematical Society London Mathematical Society Joseph W. Dauben Alex D. D. Craik Peter Duren Jeremy J. Gray Karen Parshall, Chair Robin Wilson, Chair MichaelI.Rosen This work was originally published in German by Birkh¨auser Verlag under the title Gentzens Problem c 2001. The present translation was created under license for the American Mathematical Society and is published by permission. Photo of Gentzen in hat courtesy of the Archives of the Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach. Reprinted with permission. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 01A60. For additional information and updates on this book, visit www.ams.org/bookpages/hmath-33 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Menzler-Trott, Eckart. [Gentzens Problem. English] Logic’s lost genius : the life of Gerhard Gentzen / Eckart Menzler-Trott ; translated by Craig Smory´nski and Edward Griffor. p. cm. (History of mathematics ; v. 33) ISBN 978-0-8218-3550-0 (alk. paper) 1. Gentzen, Gerhard. 2. Mathematicians—Germany—Biography. 3. Logic, Symbolic and mathematical. I. Title. QA29 .G467M46 2007 510.92—dc22 2007060550 AMS softcover ISBN: 978-1-4704-2812-9 Copying and reprinting. Individual readers of this publication, and nonprofit libraries acting for them, are permitted to make fair use of the material, such as to copy select pages for use in teaching or research.
    [Show full text]
  • Witt Vectors. Part 1 1 by Michiel Hazewinkel CWI Pobox 94079 1090GB Amsterdam the Netherlands
    Michiel Hazewinkel 1 CWI Direct line: +31-20-5924204 POBox 94079 Secretary: +31-20-5924233 1090GB Amsterdam Fax: +31-20-5924166 E-mail: [email protected] original version: 06 October 2007 revised version: 20 April 2008 Witt vectors. Part 1 1 by Michiel Hazewinkel CWI POBox 94079 1090GB Amsterdam The Netherlands Table of contents 1. Introduction and delimitation ??? 1.4 Historical motivation for the p-adic Witt polynomials, 1.8 Historical motivation for the (generalized) Witt polynomials, 1.11 Representability of the Witt vector functor. Symmetric functions, 1.14 The plethora of structures on Symm, 1.15 Initial sources of information 2. Terminology ??? 3. The p-adic Witt vectors. More historical motivation ??? 4. Teichmüller representatives ??? 5. Construction of the functor of the p-adic Witt vectors ??? 5.1 The p-adic Witt polynomials, 5.2 ‘Miracle’ of the p-adic Witt polynomials, 5.4 Congruence formulas for the p-adic Witt polynomials, 5.9 Witt vector addition and multiplication polynomials, 5.14 Existence theorem for the p-adic Witt vectors functor, 5.16 Ghost component equations, 5.19 Ideals and topology for Witt vector rings, 5.21 Teichmüller representatives in the Witt vector case, 5.22 Multiplication with a Teichmüller representative, 5.25 Verschiebung on the p-adic Witt vectors, 5.27 Frobenius on the p-adic Witt vectors, 5.37 Taking p-th powers on the p-adic Witt vectors, 5.40 Adding ‘disjoint’ Witt vectors, 5.42. Product formula, 5.44 f p Vp = [p] 6. The ring of p-adic Witt vectors over a perfect ring of characteristic p.
    [Show full text]
  • Emmy Noether and the Independent Social Democratic Party
    Science in Context 18(3), 429–450 (2005). Copyright C Cambridge University Press doi:10.1017/S0269889705000608 Printed in the United Kingdom Poor Taste as a Bright Character Trait: Emmy Noether and the Independent Social Democratic Party Colin McLarty Department of Philosophy, Case Western Reserve Argument The creation of algebraic topology required “all the energy and the temperament of Emmy Noether” according to topologists Paul Alexandroff and Heinz Hopf. Alexandroff stressed Noether’s radical pro-Russian politics, which her colleagues found in “poor taste”; yet he found “a bright trait of character.” She joined the Independent Social Democrats (USPD) in 1919. They were tiny in Gottingen¨ until that year when their vote soared as they called for a dictatorship of the proletariat. The Minister of the Army and many Gottingen¨ students called them Bolshevist terrorists. Noether’s colleague Richard Courant criticized USPD radicalism. Her colleague Hermann Weyl downplayed her radicalism and that view remains influential but the evidence favors Alexandroff. Weyl was ambivalent in parallel ways about her mathematics and her politics. He deeply admired her yet he found her abstractness and her politics excessive and even dangerous. 1. Introduction David Rowe highlights the shift of mathematics around 1900 from a written culture of largely isolated practitioners to an oral culture of practitioners who often knew each other by daily contact (Rowe 2004). Gottingen¨ was an early example of the latter. Personal traits and actions of a mathematician began to matter in a way they could not have done when they were generally unknown. So the political views of Emmy Noether (1882–1935) affected both the career opportunities she was offered and the reception of her mathematical work as she and Hermann Weyl (1885–1955) jointly made Hilbert’s vision of mathematics the worldwide standard.
    [Show full text]
  • ALGORISMUS 58 2 Ohne
    Vorwort Das vorliegende Buch enthält ca. 1550 Kurzbiographien von Personen, die von WS 1907/08 bis WS 1944/45 an deutschen Universitäten und Technischen Hochschulen promovierten 1. Von den in Mathematik Promovierten kamen ca. 9% aus dem Ausland und ca. 8% waren Frauen 2. Die meisten sind in Deutsch- land geborene Personen, aber es kamen Personen aus 22 Ländern, um hier ihren Doktortitel zu erwerben. Die Personen promovierten an 24 Universitäten und elf Technischen Hochschulen. Die meisten Biographien werden hier erstmals publiziert. Das Buch doku- mentiert die Karrieren wie auch Brüche im Lebens- und Berufsweg in- und ausländischer Mathematikerinnen und Mathematiker, dies in der Wissenschaft, im Schuldienst, in der Luftfahrtforschung, im Versicherungswesen, in der Poli- tik und in anderen Bereichen. Zu den Personen gehören neben bedeutenden Pro- fessorinnen und Professoren z.B. auch die erste deutsche Ministerin, eine Ro- manschriftstellerin, ein langjähriger Generaldirektor der Staatsbibliothek Preu- ßischer Kulturbesitz, der erste Botschafter Pakistans in der BRD. Der Band beruht auf mehrjährigen Forschungen, die durch das Land Rhein- land-Pfalz sowie die Volkswagenstiftung gefördert wurden. Die Berufswege von Mathematikerinnen und Mathematikern wurden für das Erfassen grundle- gender Trends analysiert und bildeten die Basis für das Buch [Abele/Neunzert/ Tobies 2004]. Die Veröffentlichung des biographischen Datenbestandes, die durch Prof. Dr. Menso Folkerts angeregt wurde, erforderte allerdings, die An- gaben zu den einzelnen Personen weiter zu vervollständigen. Diese Vollstän- digkeit zumindest annäherungsweise zu erreichen, war viel aufwendiger als ur- sprünglich angenommen. Die Autorin dankt Herrn Folkerts für die Anregung zu dieser Arbeit und in besonderem Maße für die Aufnahme des Buches in die von ihm edierte Reihe und dem Verlagsleiter Herrn Dr.
    [Show full text]