KEY FACTOR ANALYSIS Coaches Course Level 1 Techniques

Home , Cradle (wrestling), Overhook, Pressure Down, Sprawl (grappling), Stance (martial arts), Transition (grappling)

Charts: • Fundamental Skills • Basic Acrobatics • Wrestling Techniques

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INDEX

CONTENT PAGES CONTENT PAGES

1. USEFUL INFORMATION FOR COACHES 3. ACROBATICS 1.1 What is Key Factor Analysis (KFA)?...... 3 3.1 Forward roll……………………………………………..21 1.2 Discovery games for the teaching of 3.2 Backwards roll…………….………………………….…22 fundamental skills…………………………….……4 3.3 Shoulder roll………………………………………………23 1.3 Teaching basic acrobatics………………………5 3.4 Cartwheel……………………………………………….…24 1.4 How to use KFA charts of wrestling 3.5 Head stand……..…………………………………………25 technique?...... 6 4. STANDING WRESTLING TECHNIQUES 2. FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS 4.1 Snap …………………………………………….………....28 2.1 Standing Stance & Motion….……….………..…11 4.2 Double leg…………..………………………………….…30 2.2 Breaking the Stance………………….…………....12 4.3 Arm drag….……………………….……………….……..32 2.3 Changing Levels……………………………………..…13 4.4 Single leg………….………………………………….……34 2.4 Penetration……………………………...... 15 4.5 Duck Under………………………………………………..36 2.5 Lifting……….……………………………………………..15 2.6 Par-Terre positions………………………….….…..16 5. PAR-TERRE WRESTLING TECHNIQUES 2.7 Go behind.………………………………………………..17 5.1 Half Nelson………………………………………….….…40 2.8 Sprawl, Whizzer, Evade…………………………….18 5.2 Far Arm turn………………………………………………42 2.9 Danger position Control ……..…………….…..19 5.3 Front Head with underhook, turn……….……44 2.10 Back arch and bridge………………………………20 5.4 Arm & Body Lock Gutwrench …………………….46 5.5 Front Head Lock, go behind……………………….48

1.1 What KEY FACTOR ANALYSIS (KFA) is?

The Key Factor Analysis (KFA) it’s a tool used nowadays for relationship between the bodies of the fighters, a combat obtaining the key aspects situation, etc. It also contrasts with videos where the most important that action was not successful, establishing whether the determine the success of a common factor was absent, suggesting that this is a key tactic or a technique in factor. opposition sports, from ball 3. List of the key factors. Common aspects in successful sports to combat sports. cases, and absent in unsuccessful cases are listed and Being considered essential described for each action studied. for the effective execution of 4. Creation of working documents, that summarize the plays and technical findings of the KFA, same as have two main applications: movements, the main application of the results of a) Technical charts, listing the factors as keywords that the KFA is the use of the key help simplify the intervention of the coaches with their factors in the teaching-learning process and even in high students to spend less time in the instructions and performance training. feedback to students, increasing their effectiveness to be as close as possible to the real situation in The KFA involves a process of 4 phases: competition. b) Check lists, useful in evaluating athletes during the 1. Determination of "action models" to study. It is execution of movements, ideal for the use of video movements and actions used in competition. A library of analysis as a tool for tracking the athletes themselves video is created with several examples of the same and even for the analysis of the strengths and successful action, executed by different athletes. weaknesses of potential opponents (scouting). Statistical analysis is the main tool to determine the movements to study. The technical charts contained in this document for the technical 2. Video-Analysis. The action sequence described, looking program Coaches Course Level 1 of the United World Wrestling for common factors among the different versions of the were made by implementing the steps described above. same technique, for example, a position, a particular 4

1.2 DISCOVERY GAMES

Discovery Games are based on a modern teaching model for sports The initial step is the very first approach to the game, which involves known as “Teaching Games for Understanding” (“TGfU”). In this model, a wrestling related situation. The coach asks learners to meet a target games are used for facilitate and guide the apprentice thinking. The without guide them how, a trial. Once the apprentice has experienced Discovery Games approach implies three steps as follows: the task, the second step implies that the coach pauses to help students analyze what happened and, through questions, get students approach the technical solution. Immediately apprentices play again (step c.), •Organize the game (keep safety) now with technical guidance from the analysis. a. PLAY A GAME, •Introduce the goal of the game FIRST TIME •Provide as less information as possible As wrestling is a sport where the competitor must be able to make about how to succeed the game decisions in fractions of a second, this methodological approach is optimal for learners to become actively involved in their own learning of the fundamentals of wrestling, as well as enriching the game itself •Using questions to get the players with the addition of questions, which promote the participation and b. PAUSE FOR inferring the key factors to succeed GUIDED the game integration of the student to the group. DISCOVERY •Ask players to play again using what they discovered

c. PLAY THE SAME •Players have to solve the game with GAME, SECOND better technical skills TIME

1.3 TEACHING OF BASIC ACROBATICS (Pages 20 to 24)

In this document, there have been added charts for the teaching of 5 basic acrobatic elements. Teaching acrobatics with proper technique, in a progressive way and taking care the safety of the participants is also a key point in the United World Wrestling programs, such as Wrestle Right, therefore it has huge importance in this document. The teaching steps are progressive methodological proposals. The coach can also use other resources (equipment or other exercises) based on his/her experience and availability of equipment. However for the Level 1 Course Evaluation, participants will be requested to use at least the suggested steps, being able to implement alternative steps. Each chart has the following elements: 1) Name of the movement 2) Pictures of the key points 3) List of the key points 4) Listed exercises of the teaching progression

During United World Wrestling Level 1 Courses, coaches will be asked to develop as many teaching steps as possible of a single movement in a Micro-Teaching format lasting around 4 to 10 minutes. However, in real practice, it is evident that coaches shall teach this steps along several training sessions even weeks.

1.4 HOW TO USE KEY FACTOR ANALYSIS CHARTS OF WRESTLING TECHNIQUE (pages 25 to 36)

The wrestling techniques in this document are explained in three phases: SET-UP, ATTACK and FINAL/TRANSITION. Each chart of this document contains specific information to help Level 1 Coaches achieving the following three tasks:

TASK 1: Provide simple explanations to the learners. Using Key Points that have been illustrated through pictures, signs and arrows, with a specific list in each column. Each Key Point has a Key Phrase that summarizes several of the technical details. The pdf version of this document has a link in the title of each chart that gives access to a video at Dartfish.tv

TASK 2: Check comprehension through questioning. Suggested questions and possible answers have been listed (see the table on top of the next page as reference).

○ Mention the Key Phrase of the point that the coach The coach asks: (Q.) What ties am I using to make CONTACT? wants to explain. The Key Point and the Key Phrase Answer from the learners (A.) Head and elbow tie indicate “what to do” (e.g. “The first Key Point is CONTACT AND PRESSURE”), showing all the elements Q. Which is the height of my stance when I make PRESSURE? surrounding the Key point (e.g. Collar and elbow tie, A. Medium stance medium stance, right foot steps forward, head to head contact) without giving details of all of those. Q. Which must be the position of the feet when making

PRESSURE? ○ A. Staggered, one forward and one back Emphasize the technical details and link them to the Key Phrase: The technical details indicate “how to do Q. ¿Why is that useful? it”. It is recommended to make this through the use of A. To stay in balance when making PRESSURE question. Examples: This first two tasks are closely linked to achieve the INTRODUCTION OF A NEW TECHNIQUE in a brief and clear Repeat procedure c) with the next Key point, and so on. way that promotes active thinking of the learners. d) Summarize and Review Key Points by the use of The following are examples steps of the procedure: questions (once the whole explantion ended):

○ a) Name the technique (e.g. “I am going to show you the Ask for the Key Point (e.g.. Q. “Wich was the fisrt Key Snap”). Point?” A. “Contact and pressure”).

○ b) Demonstrate the complete movement (it is the coach who Ask for the details using the Word “HOW” (e.g.. Q. decides how many times and from how many different angles “How we make this CONTACT?” Allow several learners he/she is going to show in order to get one general image of to answer: A. “With collar and elbow tie, medium the movement) stance, one foot steps forward so we don´t loose balance when pushing”. c) Break down the technique into Key Points:

TASK 3: Use positive feedback when detecting technical mistakes while learners try new techniques or parts of them. Two columns have been set on the right side of each chart, this will help coaches change the way they deliver information when they detect a technical “mistake”. The two columns are used in sequence as follows:

a) Observe learner’s technical execution to detect technical Mistakes, based on Key points and their details. This mistakes are the omission of some technical detail, for example: during the execution of the Snap: the learner

b) stays on his feet without making pressure to the partner that has fallen to the mat. This mistake is in the column titled: “If the learner…”

c) Provide positive feedback, this means: telling the learner what to do instead of saying at loud the mistake he/she did. Example: “Antonia, when you pull, follow your partner to the mat and apply pressure” This phrase is in the column titled: “…use this positive feedback”.

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS & ACROBATICS

2.1 STANDING STANCE AND MOTION

KEY POINTS:

• position of the feet should be at least shoulder width distance • knees and hips are bent • head up • hands covering lead leg, ready to hand fight • choppy steps when moving

DISCOVERY GAMES Game Skill Key Points Organization, Equipment Task Questions to find the solution

• Q. How can you keep away your tail • “Wins who takes the ‘tail’ of the from the opponent’s hands the whole • Pairs opponent” (not suggest any • Stance, Motion time? Fox Tails • T-shirts or specific way to move or stance) facing the A. Facing her/him all the time handkerchiefs, etc. opponent • Q. How you can move to face your • Open space to move Safety: ask the kids to avoid opponent all the time? hitting heads each other A. with choppy steps

• “Holding and pulling by the • Pairs towel, wins who makes the • Q. What is the best body position to • Motion and • Small towel opponent touch the mat with keep a strong balance in this game? A.Bending knees, wide feet position Bone Fight Balance facing • Open space to move any other part of the body opponent’s • Alternatives: shake except feet”. • Q. How to move your feet to keep the strength hands, bilateral wrist  Safety: make sure every pair has balance? grip as same physical features A. with choppy steps (weight) and power as possible.

2.2 BREAKING STANCE (tie-ups, pressure, feet alignment)

KEY POINTS: • Every tie-up has to be done for a concrete goal (pressure, to block, to pull, raise the opponent’s stance, etc.) • Pressure: keep own balance by an optimum wide base • Pull: get pressure back, then pull • “Triangle Principle” to get unbalanced the opponent: make pressure or pull the opponent to the far corner of a triangle which base is the imaginary line which connects both feet of the opponent. • Feet alignment: “Parallel” and “V”

DISCOVERY GAMES Game Skill Key Points Organization, Equipment Task Questions to find the solution Q. What made it hard to balance while being snapped? “One partner must stay in A. When they use the triangle principle Recognizing the triangle Using the • Pairs stance while the other must and pulled from base principle, creating a • Open space to move try to snap opponent to break Q. What stance was most effective against Triangle balanced stance position” getting snapped? A. Staggered stance

“Winner snaps opponent’s Q. When did your opponent get snapped • Pairs hands to the mat” to the mat? • Open space to move Movement in stance, A. When they were driving into me Snap • Safety: feeling opponent’s Starting position: Facing Q. How do can you get your opponent to • ask the kids to avoid Attack pressure, snap motion each other, hands on the push into you? hitting heads each other front of the opponent’s A. By pushing into them, but staying in a • watch the body position of shoulders balanced stance the defender

2.3 CHANGING LEVELS KEY POINTS:

• Knees bends, hips goes up & down as an elevator • Head, torso and hips keep its alignment • Before shot, changing levels can be used also for to pull the opponent down • Changing levels also happen in many basic take downs (i.e. Snaps to take down, arm drag, duck under, etc.).

DISCOVERY GAMES Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times

Q. What was fastest way to touch the “On coaches hand signal, you mat? must touch the mat first” A. Starting in low stance and bending Picking Up Movement in stance, • Pairs knees level change • Open space to move Quarters Safety: ask the kids to avoid Q. How did you know when to touch hitting heads each other the mat? A. By keeping my head up

Q. What did you have to do to get to “Winner touches opponents leg your opponent’s legs? Movement in stance, with their hand five times” A. Get beneath their head • Pairs Quick Change level change, Q. What did you do to keep your • Open space to move penetration step Safety: ask the kids to avoid opponent from touching your legs? hitting heads each other A. Not let them get beneath me by changing levels with them

2.4 PENETRATION

KEY POINTS: • Start changing levels properly • Keep head up or recover the head up as soon as possible when starting to shot (i.e. Duck Under) • Look for control opponent’s hips by pushing either forwards or sideways using own head or shoulders, or by control torso and waist (this last often seen in Greco-Roman). • FS: Leg grips may vary, from close to the hips to lower single. • Feet location and movements before and during the penetration are aimed to prevent the opponent snapping or sprawling successfully.

DISCOVERY GAMES Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times

Q. What did you have to do to get “Winner touches opponents leg with to your opponent’s legs? Movement in stance, their hand five times” A. Get beneath their head Quick • Pairs level change, Q. What did you do to keep your • Open space to move Change penetration step Safety: ask the kids to avoid opponent from touching your legs? hitting heads each other A. Not let them get beneath me by changing levels with them

Q. What did you have to do to get to your opponent’s legs? “Winner locks their hands around A. Get beneath their head by Movement in stance, opponent’s leg” • Pairs changing levels Leg Lock level change, • Open space to move Q. How did you get them to step penetration step Safety: ask the kids to avoid close to you? hitting heads each other A. By setting it up and pushing and pulling

2.5 LIFTING

KEY POINTS:

• Before lift, hips are in a lower level than the head • Column in a vertical line, head up • Head of attacking wrestler must be high • First own body part to lift: shoulders, using leg’s power to extend the hips and knees • Balance your opponent over your shoulder if needed

DISCOVERY GAMES Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times

“Must get lift opponent up on Q. What did you have to do to your shoulder” get your partner up

Lifting, controling • Pairs A. Bend my knees first Pick Up Safety: ask the kids to avoid opponents weight • Open space to move Q. How did your back have to jumping on each other. Ask be in order to lift them? kids to control their partner A. Straight

Q. What did you have to do to get your partner up “Must lift opponent and walk a A. Bend my knees first Lifting, control lap without setting them down” • Pairs Q. When was your partner the opponents weight, Monster Walk Open space to move easiest to carry? balance while moving Safety: Ask kids to control their A. When their weight was over partners weight as moving my shoulder

2.6 PAR-TERRE POSITIONS (Attack, Defense) KEY POINTS: Bottom Wrestler on referees position: • Wide base • Head up, hips down • Watch for own elbows (total lock out) Defense, laying down: • Main support through the abdomen • Arms in front and wide (“Like a Y”), slightely bent • Head up Top position (offense): • In contact with defender´s back • His/her position must prevent a counter attack • Ready to apply a technique

DISCOVERY GAMES Game Technical Goal Organization, Equipment Basic command Questions between playing times

• Pairs • The offensive wrestler tries to take • Who could mantain the referees down the donkey, pushing or position without being taken Take the • Mantain referees • The opponent on pulling from the hip or torso down? How was your position? position (defender) his/her hand and knees, • Safety: set the pairs.with similar Donkey down • How is easier to defend, with the offensive wrestler level of skills and body types, the hips down or up? Why? aside and on top smashing the partner is not allowed

• Pairs • Against the clock, bottom wrestler • How can we control the bottom • Mantain control in top tries to stand, he/she wins if they wrestler and keep him/her down Escape from position • The opponent on take off their hand and knees from the mat) the bottom • Prevent a counter his/her hand and knees, the mat. • How must the top wrestlet set attack because of wrong the offensive wrestler • Bottom wrestler is allowed to his/her feet to prevent being posture aside and on top escape grabbing top wrestler’s legs counter attacked by the legs?

2.7 GO BEHIND

KEY POINTS:

• Both standing and par-terre, going behind is more effective when staying close to the opponent and making pressure • The offensive wrestler must move his/her legs without crossing his/her ankles • In Par-Terre, the offensive wrestler must be careful and prevent a counter attack to his/her waist or legs • If posible this skill must be practiced in a dynamic way because this is the postition of many “scrambles”.

DISCOVERY GAMES Organization, Game Technical Goal Basic command Questions between playing times Equipment Pairs Starting at the whistle and always Q. How did you achieve control of making contact with the bear, the the opponent while being in The bear on tripod offensive wrestler tries to go behind motion? Use the arms to control position (knees of the by grabbing the waist of the bear to A. By short choppy steps and Spinning the movement of the mat) the offensive win a point. The bear wins in case making constant pressure over the bear opponent and achieve wrestler in front and on that the partner looses contact. opponent going behind top, chest making Q: What could you do to limit the pressure over the Safety: Pairs must be matched freedom of motion of the bear? opponents shoulder according skill, strenght and level of A. Use our arms to control blades experience. his/her hip or legs

One partrner in par-terre position, Q. What made possible moving the other mantains contact with his your feet quickly? Spinning Make pressure with the chest over the shoulder blades of A. Short and choppy steps chest, quick motion of Pairs and stopwatch the bottom wrestler. In a certain Q. What kept you in balance while wheel the feet amount of time the partner on top spinning? tries to spin as many times as A. Constant pressure and keeping posible around his/her partner. the head up

2.8 SPRAWL, WHIZZER, EVADE (Fundamentals of Leg Defense) KEY POINTS:

• Sprawl: The feet are thrown back, the chest goes down in a straight line even a little back. Wrestler keeps looking in front. Support the instep to the mat if the opponent reaches the leg. • Whizzer: With an overhook tie control the near arm of the opponent and make pressure down. The other arm can attack the head or the far arm. Good balance is required in standig position. • Evade: In the moment of throwing the foot back, move slightly to the side and create an angle to counter attack.

DISCOVERY GAMES Organization, Questions between playing Game Technical Goal Basic command Equipment times Q. How did you achieve taking down your partner? A. Having a higher stance tan Starting one wrestler from him Seatbelt/Whizzer Whizzer, waist waist control and the other Pairs Q. How did you avoid being control from whizzer, which athlete Whose gonna win? taken down? will take his partner down? A. Using the tie to keep him/her close and feel when he/she was approaching Q. How did you know when to The participants are set around sprawl? in a circle, one of them stays in A. When the Med Ball was close Execute the sprawl the center and rolls the ball enough MedBall and space MedBall Sprawl and correct timing towards them, the athlete must Q. What made easier making the sprawl to stop the medball sprawl? without using his/her hands A. Kepping a low stance and being focused.

2.9 DANGER POSITION CONTROL KEY POINTS:

• Offensive wrestler lifts opponent´s head, while making pressure down to the chest. • With chest to chest contact,the offensive wrestler makes pressure over the opponent, his/her feet are away and spread apart (knees off the mat), head up. • Seated: feet are spread apart to allow motion and prevent a turn or a scape by bridging.

DISCOVERY GAMES Organization, Questions between playing Game Technical Goal Basic command Equipment times At the whistle both athletes have 20 seconds to win: Q. How did you prevent your Pairs, wrestling mat, partner lying down? open space to move. Use the whole body to Top wrestler must prevent that A. Making pressure over

make pressure down the partners turns lying down, his/her chest, moving with One partner lying on the opponent and he/she can do several ties, him/her Pin the opponent his back the other on keep him/her in grips and change gis position. Q. How can we make more top (sideways) with danger position pressure? chest to chest contact Bottom wrestler wins if he/she A. Lifting our knees from the without any grip can lay down before the 20 mat seconds count.

One partner lying on At the first whistle, both Q. How did you prevent your Control the opponent his back the other on wrestlers spin to certain side, partner lying down? in danger position in top (facing each at the second whistle both have A. Staying focused, reacting Scape from danger the best possible other) with chest to 10 seconds to try to control the quicly to the whistle, lifting position chest contact both danger position or escape from the knees from the mat and hugging each other. it. spreading out the feet.

2.10 BACK ARCH AND BRIDGE

KEY POINTS: • Back Arch: the head guides the motion, hips drive up and forward. • Bridge: complete support over the sole, to ensure movility (escapes, finish Gut Wrench), as early as possible get use to bringe without the help of the hands, over the forehead or ver the top of the head.

DISCOVERY GAMES Organization, Questions between playing Game Technical Goal Basic command Equipment times Q. How did you achieve making One partner holds the hand of the bridge and touching the mat the other, while the last tries with the head? to complete a back bridge. Brinde, grip strenght, A. Driving the hips up and Pairs Safety: The partner who holds Bridge with a partner balance forward the hand of the other controls Q. How did you achieve the the body weight of his/her complete arch of your back? partner on his way down. A. Looking over the head

Q. How did you escape from the One partner starts lying on danger position? his/her back, the other A. Driving up with hips and legs Bridge and control in controlling chest to chest Pairs Q. How did you keep your Lift your back danger position (sideways), at the whistle the opponent lying on his /her back? bottom wrestler tries to escape A. Keeping pressure over before the time is over. him/her

3.1 FRONT ROLL

KEY POINTS

• Start from standing • Hands flat on the mat • Chin goes to the chest (neck bent) • Arms lead to roll with the upper body and shoulders • Fluent, non-stop motion forwards until stand up • Only feet touch the mat when stand up

Teaching Progression (suggested) 2) Partial Roll (“cradle”) 1) Frog Jumps

4) Complete Front Roll 3) Wheelbarrow to Front Roll

3.2 BACK ROLL

KEY FACTORS • Squat position • Hips makes contact with the mat • Fluent backwards motion • Hands over the head, arms push to recover • Knees off the mat

Teaching Progression (suggested)

3) Complete back roll 2) Side back roll on knees 1) Front-back roll(cradle) with partner’s support 4) Complete back roll (no external support)

3.3 SHOULDER ROLL

KEY POINTS

• Opposite hand to the rolling side flat on the mat • Get contact with the mat with the shoulder blade • Fluent non-stop motion forward • Stand up in diagonal, one foot in front • Hand touches the mat only at the beginning of the roll

Teaching Progression (suggested)

1) Side Roll 2) Lateral roll, one knee on 3) Lateral roll mat starting from squat

4) Complete lateral roll

3.4 CARTWHEEL

KEY POINTS

• Start facing the direction of the cartwheel • Wide first step • Arm straight • High amplitude circle of the feet • Land in a straight line from the beginning to the landing point • Recover the stand up position, hands up

Teaching Progression (suggested)

3) Cartwheel (alone) 2) Cartwheel assisted 1) Hand stand (assisted)

3.5 HEADSTAND

KEY POINTS

• Head and hands form a “triangle” on the mat • Hips and legs straight • Core stabilizes position • Neck aligned

Teaching Progression (suggested)

2) Tripod (alone) 3) Headstand, assisted 4) Headstand, alone 1) Tripod (knees on elbows, assisted)

STANDING BASIC TECHNIQUES 27

4.1 SNAP & GO BEHIND – KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Standing Stance, CONTACT & PRESSURE “EAT THE MAT, NOT MY LEG” GO BEHIND Par-terre Positions, 4. Step back Break the Stance 1. Collar and elbow tie 5. Change elbow to forearm tie 10. Pressure towards the opponent 2. Head to head 6. Get space to secure unbalance (pressure), 11. FS: Grab the near leg 3. Pressure to get reaction forwards 7. Snap down the opponent, switch 12. Go behind to score 2 points Collar & Elbow Tie-up, back the front foot Going behind 8. Get pressure over the opponent 9. Block the arm 28

4.1 SNAP & GO BEHIND – Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:

- “Make pressure to get pressure CONTACT & PRESSURE - Not making pressure Q. Why we have to use pressure? back” up 1. Collar and elbow tie - A. to get pressure back, to get the 2. Head to head - Making pressure with his feet back Set opponent out of balance - “Keep your feet wide open, 3. Pressure to get reaction forwards (unbalanced her/himself) one foot on front”

Q. Why to switch the front foot “EAT THE MAT, NOT MY LEG” back? - Step back to start the snap / 4. Step back A. To avoid the opponent getting - Not stepping back / not switching Switch back your front foot 5. Change elbow to forearm tie single leg) his front foot back when pulling the opponent 6. Get space to secure unbalance

7. Snap down the opponent, switch Attack Q. How can I control my opponent - Remaining standing without make - Follow your opponent down back the front foot before go behind her/him? pressure down and make pressure over 8. Get pressure over the opponent A. Making pressure down, securing her/him 9. Block the arm the near leg

/ GO BEHIND Q. How close to my opponent must 10. Pressure towards the opponent we pass when going behind? - Going behind far from the opponent - Keep making pressure when 11. FS: Grab the near leg A. As closer as possible, making when circle going behind Finish Finish 12. Go behind to score 2 points pressure

Transition

4.2 DOUBLE LEG – KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Standing Stance 1. Collar & elbow tie RELEASE AND SHOT DRIVE SIDEWAYS Head and Elbow Tie-ups 2. Opponent reacts to a snap 3. Changing levels to knee penetration 7. Hold the far leg Changing levels attempt raising her stance, step 8. Step out of the far leg to block it letting her legs uncovered for a 4. Release ties to reach double leg 9. Head pushes sideways Penetration moment 5. Stand up with wide feet 10. Hold doublé leg to control Pinning 6. Strong upper body position, low hips 11. Keep pressure over the belly 30

4.2 DOUBLE LEG - Didactic Suggestions

…use these positive KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… Feedback:

SNAP DEFENSE • Forgetting to Snap before the shot • “Make him/her rise the stance, 1. Collar & elbow tie Q: Why is it good to combine the Snap with now the second snap do it while up 2. Opponent reacts to a snap the double leg? - • Snapping and making the opponent changing levels” attempt raising her stance, A. Because the opponent might rise his/her

Set react, but he/she shots after the letting her legs uncovered for a stance and create space for the shot opponent rises his/her stance • “Snap while changing levels” moment

Q. When is the correct moment to release RELEASE AND SHOT • Pushing and throwing the • “Pull the head down while the tie ups made for the set-up? 3. Changing levels to knee opponent up and backwards before changing levels and A. When the opponent reacts rising his/her penetration step the shot immediately release the ties to stance 4. Release ties to reach double leg allow him/her rise the stance”

Attack 5. Stand up with wide feet • Getting up with the hips high, Q. Why is it important to get up from the 6. Strong upper body position, low losing the straight position of the • “Keep your hips low like double leg with the hips low? hips torso squatting” A. To avoid a counter attack

Q. Why is it important to control the far leg? DRIVE SIDEWAYS A. To break the balance of the opponent at • Holding the far hip, instead of the • “Hold the far leg to make him 7. Hold the far leg the moment of driving in an angle. far leg fall” 8. Step out of the far leg to block

it Q. What might happen if we do not make • Forgetting to continue the action • “Make sure to keep your 9. Head pushes sideways pressure through the opponent’s at the moment of the takedown shoulder in his/her belly until 10. Hold doublé leg to control abdomen? (the 4 points score is missed) getting the 4 points score” 11. Keep pressure over the belly Finish / Transition Finish A. It is easier for the opponent to turn towards the mat

4.3 ARM DRAG TAKEDOWN – KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Standing Stance, CONTACT & PRESSURE ARM DRAG DRIVE Par-terre Positions, 1. Wrists tie-ups 5. Exchange hands to arm drag 10. Keep the arm and body control Break the Stance (pressure) 2. Head to head contact 6. Drag to the top corner of the triangle and drive 3. Make pressure to get pressure 7. Chest goes to pressure the opponent’s Wrist and Arm Drag tie-ups back torso Going behind 4. “V” feet alignment (different 8. Hold far hip name legs to front) 9. Place feet behind the opponent 32

4.3 ARM DRAG TAKEDOWN - Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:

CONTACT & PRESSURE Q. Why do we need to push? • “Make sure that the opponent 1. Wrists tie-ups A. To make the opponent push back pushes back” • Not receiving any push from his/her 2. Head to head contact and then make the drag easier opponent up 3. Make pressure to get •

- “Wait until your partner´s feet are

pressure back Q. Which is the advantage of using the aligned properly” (sometimes we Set • Starting the drag before setting 4. “V” feet alignment “V” feet alignment? will have to ask the training his/her feet with “V” alignment (different name legs to A. So we can use the triangle principle partner to assume that position) front) and break the stance

ARM DRAG • Using his hands in the opposite way • “Drag the arm of the same side of Q. Which arm can you attack? 5. Exchange hands to arm drag (grabbing the wrist of the far side) your attack” A. The arm near to my lead leg 6. Drag to the top corner of

the triangle • Running around the opponent • “Make your opponent move making Q. How can I control the opponent 7. Chest goes to pressure the instead of going behind him/her? pressure with your chest through before taking him/her to the mat?

Attack opponent’s torso his torso” A. Making pressure to his/her torso 8. Hold far hip • with my chest and controlling Holding the waist of the opponent 9. Place feet behind the • his/her hip to deep (exposing himself/herself to “Hold the far hip just with your opponent a counter attack) hand and squeeze your elbows”

Q. Which can be the consequence of DRIVE putting the knees on the mat • “By pulling and pushing correctly, • Kneeling before taking the opponent 10. Keep the arm and body before taking the opponent down? make sure your opponent falls down (hanging instead of pulling) control and drive A. We can lose control and freedom of Finish / Finish down before you”

Transition motion.

4.4 SINGLE LEG TO CIRCLE - KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Standing Stance ARM DRAG SET UP DRAG TO SINGLE LEG CIRCLE AND PRESSURE DOWN Wrist and Arm Drag tie-ups 1. Same set up for arm 2. By changing levels, drag the arm to clear ties 7. Circle motion from out to inside Changing levels drag (head to head, 3. At the same time, step out of the attacked leg 8. At the same time, make pressure wrist control, “V” feet 4. Release the arm dragged to reach single leg down over the upper leg PenetratioN position, etc.) 5. Head up to pressure the opponent’s upper (*The pressure could be either with the head, Whizzer body outside or inside shoulder) 9. Keep the leg to be able to make Motion (circle) 6. Push away the opponent to get her reaction different transitions. Par-terre Positions stepping far

4.4 SINGLE LEG TO CIRCLE - Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:

ARM DRAG SET UP up 1. Same set up for arm drag (head to Q. Which set-up will we use? • Forgetting to make the set- • “Make sure to do the set-up, - head, wrist control, “V” feet A. The same used for the arm. drag up before the shot” Set position, etc.) • “Pull the arm and level change • Pulling the arm without level at the same time” DRAG TO SINGLE LEG Q. How should the arm drag be change 2. By changing levels, drag the arm to performed? • “Step forward when you change clear ties A. Using the level change • Forgetting to step forward levels” 3. At the same time, step out of the and capture the leg attacked leg Q: Why is it useful to maintain the head • “Block your opponent pushing 4. Release the arm dragged to reach in contact with the opponent´s chest? • Setting his/her head down his/her chest with your head”

Attack single leg A. To prevent the whizzer (giving the opportunity for a 5. Head up to pressure the opponent’s defensive action) upper body Q. Why is it useful to push the opponent • “Push your opponent to make him/her step far away with 6. Push away the opponent to get her before taking him/her down? • reaction stepping far A. To take him/her out of balance Forgetting to push before his/her foot of support and moving in circle losing balance, then move in circle”

CIRCLE AND PRESSURE DOWN Q. To get the take down, in which 7. Circle motion from out to inside direction should we move? Why? • “Move in circle towards the 8. At the same time, make pressure A. From the inside to the outside, • Stepping back or moving in opponent’s leg of support, your down over the upper leg because there is no foot of support circle to the wrong side (*The pressure could be either with the head, hips must face his/her • Forgetting to push down outside or inside shoulder) abdomen” 9. Keep the leg to be able to make Q. How can we push the leg to the mat? A. With the head or the shoulder

Finish / Transition Finish different transitions.

4.5 DUCK UNDER TAKE DOWN – KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Standing Stance CONTACT AND PRESSURE OPEN SPACE AND PULL TO DUCK TAKE DOWN Break the Stance (pressure) 1. Collar and Arm Inside tie 4. Pull the arm opening space lifting the 10. Drive to score. Head and Arm Inside tie-ups 2. “Parallel” feet alignment elbow 3. Pressure to get pressure 5. Pull slightly to the other side (to the Going behind back top corner of the opponent´s triangle) Changing levels & 6. Step forward with the outside foot Penetration 7. Circle the opponent to the side Par-terre Positions 8. Keep controlling the head and hold the far hip 9. Chest makes pressure towards the opponent’s upper body

4.5 DUCK UNDER TO TAKE DOWN - Didactic Suggestions

…use these positive KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… Feedback: • Being unable to get pushed back • “Make sure that the opponent CONTACT AND PRESSURE Q. Why is it important to push the from the opponent pushes back” up 1. Collar and Arm Inside tie opponent?

2. “Parallel” feet alignment A. To get pushed back and make the • Pulling before getting the “V” Set • “Wait until your partner´s feet 3. Pressure to get pressure back duck under easier. feet alignment are aligned properly”

Q. How can we open space for the duck OPEN SPACE AND PULL TO DUCK under? • Popping/Chopping the arm instead 4. Pull the arm opening space lifting • “Take advantage of the inside A. Lifting our elbow that is holding the of lifting (Does not represents a the elbow tie for the set-up of this inside tie technical mistake, it is just an 5. Pull slightly to the other side (to movement” other technical variation) the top corner of the opponent´s Q. Why is it useful to pull to the right? triangle) • “Step forward to maintain a (when the right leg is forward) • Forgetting to step forward and 6. Step forward with the outside foot solid base of your torso”

Attack A. To control the hip and going behind just pulling the arm 7. Circle the opponent to the side

8. Keep controlling the head and • “Go behind your opponent by Q. How can I control the opponent • Moving around the opponent hold the far hip pushing his/her torso with your before taking him/her down? instead of keeping in contanct 9. Chest makes pressure towards the chest” A. Pushing his/her torso with the chest with him/her opponent’s upper body and holding his hip

Q. Which can be the consequence of • Kneeling before taking the putting the knees on the mat before • “Apply constant pressure and TAKE DOWN opponent down (hanging instead taking the opponent down? make sure that the opponent 10. Drive to score. of pulling) A. We can lose control and freedom of

Finish / Finish falls down before you”

Transition motion

PAR-TERRE TECHNIQUE 39

5.1 HALF NELSON - KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Par-Terre Positions HALF NELSON FORWARD ROLL PINNING Pinning 1. Get opponent’s head down 4. Push using the legs to turn over 5. Deep head control 2. Half nelson, close to the the opponent 6. Heavy hips, wide feet elbow 3. Block the far arm

5.1 HALF NELSON – Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:

HALF NELSON • Doing the Half Nelson by the • “Put your elbow as close as Q. What might happen if we do the 1. Get opponent’s head down armpit possible to the opponet´s elbow” up Half Nelson under the armpit - 2. Half nelson, close to the instead near the elbow?

Set elbow • Forgetting to block the far • “Block the far arm and take it A. The opponent might defend easier 3. Block the far arm arm close to you”

• “Take your knees off the mat and push your opponent moving over Q. How can we turn the opponent • Pushing over his/her knees FORWARD ROLL your feet” down? 4. Push using the legs to turn A. Pushing him/her with the legs • Not making pressure over the Attack over the opponent • “Maintain chest to chest contact (knees do not touch the mat) opponent while turning down your opponent” • Moving to the wrong side or • “Reset your posture and push with

Q. Which is the best way to end with ending with the belly over the your chest from the begining to the head in control? opponent´s chest, or ending the end of the turn” PINNING A. Having the arm all around the head with his/her own head in the 5. Deep head control and lifting at the same time, while mat. • “while turning down your 6. Heavy hips, wide feet Finish / Finish maintaining the body weight over opponent, go all around his/her Transition the opponent's chest • Losing the grip to the head head and lift it, keeping your elbow close to your body”

5.2 FAR ARM TURN OVER – KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS KEY FACTORS RELATED: SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Par-Terre Positions LOCKING FAR ARM TURN OVER PINNING 1. Lock far arm with both hands, 5. Make the opponent´s far shoulder 6. Keep the lock while pinning, Pinning over the elbow touches the mar keep the head up 2. Chest to the side of the torso 3. Pull the far arm 4. Push forward

5.2 FAR ARM TURN OVER- Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:

LOCKING FAR ARM Q. What might happen if we pull the • Holding the arm below the elbow • “Hold the far arm between the elbow

1. Lock far arm with both hands, far arm by the forearm? and the shoulder” up over the elbow A. The pull will not be effective, • - Leaving his/her chest over the 2. Chest to the side of the torso because the opponent might be opponent´s back, making difficult • “Lower your chest by the side of the Set 3. Pull the far arm able to bend his elbow and put to reach the far arm. opponent, that way you will reach the 4. Push forward away his arm. far arm”

• “Lift the knees off the mat and push • Pushing with the knees on the mat TURN OVER Q. How can we turn the opponent? the opponent moving over your feet”

5. Make the opponent´s far A. Pushing him/her with the legs( • Not making pressure at the end of Attack shoulder touches the mar knees do not touch the mat) • “Maintain chest to chest contact when the technique you turn the opponent”

• Releasing the arm before getting to the danger position • “maintain the tie to the arm so the Q. When should we change the tie to opponent cannot escape. PINNING the arm? • At the end of the technique, 6. Keep the lock while pinning, A. When the opponent is turning and supporting his/her weight on the • “Control the danger position with keep the head up we need to control the danger knees with the feet close your knees off the mat and your feet postion together. spread apart”

Finish / Transition Finish

5.3 FRONT HEAD WITH UNDERHOOK TURN OVER - KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Par-Terre Positions UNDERHOOK AND HEAD CONTROL TORTION PINNING 1. Underhook (blocking the arm) 4. Rotational movement to get the 5. Deep head control Pinning 2. Hug the head and pressure it down opponent down 6. Heavy hips, wide feet 3. Knee and feet properly located

5.3 FRONT HEAD WITH UNDERHOOK TURN OVER - Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback: • “Close the gap between your arm and Underhook and Head Control • Making a loose tie to the head, opening Q. How do we control the head? your body, in order to control the 1. Underhook (blocking the arm) space for a counter attack (Duck Under) up A. Making pressure towards the opponent´s head” - 2. Hug the head and pressure it head and keeping our elbow

Set down • Supporting his/her body weight over close to the body • “Step to the same side where you 3. Knee and feet properly lockated the knees control the underhook”

• Pushing instead of making the turn TORTION Q. In which direction do we turn • “Turn the opponent to the back and to

4. Rotational movement to get the the opponent? one side” (the coach can point out the • Stopping the pressure down to the head Attack opponent down A. Back and to one side spot where the partner must land) when making the turn

• “Reset your posture and push with Q. Which is the best way to end • Moving to the wrong side or ending with

your chest from the begining to the with the head in control? the belly over the opponent´s chest, or end of the turn” PINNING A. Having the arm all around the ending with his/her own head in the

5. Deep head control head and lifting at the same mat. • “while turning down your opponent, 6. Heavy hips, wide feet time, while maintaining the Finish / Finish

Transition go all around his/her head and lift it, body weight over the • Losing the grip to the head keeping your elbow close to your opponent's chest body”

5.4 ARM & BODY LOCK GUTWRENCH - KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Par-Terre Positions, ARM & BODY LOCK SPING AND BRIDGING COME BACK TO THE CONTROL ON Bridge 1. Look for get the arm by over the 3. Block the near leg with the same name TOP elbow knee 8. Recover the top position 2. When locking the arm & body, 4. Take the opponent’s shoulder down face the other side over the math. 5. Lift the opponent with the own belly 6. Push the opponent with both legs 7. Pass the opponent 46

5.4 ARM & BODY LOCK GUTWRENCH - Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback: Q. Which is the best point to lock the ARM & BODY LOCK arm? • Locking the arm close to the • “Lock the arm close to the elbow 1. Look for get the arm by over the A. Close to the elbow shoulder for better control” up - elbow •

Set 2. When locking the arm & body, Q. Which is the position of the head • Facing to the landing side of • “Before the turn, face to the face the other side before the turn? the turn opposite side” A. Facing to the opposite side of the turn

SPING AND BRIDGING • “With your knee block the close 3. Block the near leg with the same leg of the opponent, when you • Placing his/her feet far away name knee make the turn the opponent´s Q. How do we push the opponent for a while trying to turn the 4. Take the opponent’s shoulder hips must be between your successful turn? opponent down over the math. knees” A. Pushing with the hips and abdomen

Attack 5. Lift the opponent with the own when bridging. • Turning the opponent to the belly • “Lift the bridge to turn the wrong side without bridging 6. Push the opponent with both legs opponent, then continue moving 7. Pass the opponent in circle”

Q. Why is it important to move over the • “Move over your feer while you COME BACK TO THE CONTROL ON feet to recover top control position? • Turning over his/her abdomen bridge, keep your knees off the TOP A. Beacuse that way the opponent intent to regain control position mat until you regain control 8. Recover the top position of escape from danger position will be Finish / Finish position” Transition harder

5.5 FRONT HEAD LOCK TO GO BEHIND - KFA

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS RELATED: KEY FACTORS SET-UP ATTACK FINISH / TRANSITION Par-Terre Positions FRONT HEAD LOCK GO BEHIND CONTROL Front Headlock 1. Outside forearm chops (palm up) the 6. Circle motion to get an angle 9. Scores 2 points Go behind opponent’s arm 7. Take the opponent to flat position 2. Lock and squeeze the elbows 8. Go behind getting pressure over 3. Charge all the weight over the opponent, the opponent knees not touching the mat 4. Force the opponent’s arm forwards to lost contact with the mat 5. Chest covers the head

5.5 FRONT HEAD LOCK TO GO BEHIND - - Didactic Suggestions

KEY FACTOR Questioning (examples) If the learner is… …use these positive Feedback:

Q. What should we do with our elbows when FRONT HEAD LOCK we lock? 1. Outside forearm chops (palm up) A: We should keep them close to the body • Hugging to lock, with the the opponent’s arm from better control elbows apart from his/her • “Keep your elbows close to your 2. Lock and squeeze the elbows body- body for better control” up 3. Charge all the weight over the Q. Which part of our arm should lock the

opponent, knees not touching the opponent’s arm? • Covering the opponent´s head Set • “Push the head of the opponent mat A. With the forearm, palm of the hand up. with the arm but not with the with your chest” 4. Force the opponent’s arm forwards chest to lost contact with the mat Q. Where should be the head of the 5. Chest covers the head opponent? A. Under our chest

Q. What should we do before going behind? • “Move in circle to create an GO BEHIND A. Create an angle • Not creating an angle angle, then when the opponent is 6. Circle motion to get an angle down go behind” 7. Take the opponent to flat position Q. How can we achieve going behind? • Going behind far away from Attack 8. Go behind getting pressure over A. Making constant pressure to the opponent the opponent • “Keep constant pressure while the opponent with our body going behind”

Q. Why we must release the head at the • Controling the head of the CONTROL • “End the technique by releasing end? opponent with his/her arm 9. Scores 2 points the head and secure two points” A. To score 2 points

Finish / Finish Transition

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