This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from the King’S Research Portal At
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Importing ‘Faith’ The Effect of American ‘Word of Faith’ Culture on Contemporary English Evangelical Revivalism Ackerley, Glyn Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to: Share: to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 06. Nov. 2017 This electronic theses or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Title: Importing ‘Faith’ The Effect of American ‘Word of Faith’ Culture on Contemporary English Evangelical Revivalism Author: Glyn Ackerley The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ You are free to: Share: to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Importing ‘Faith’ The Effect of American ‘Word of Faith’ Culture on Contemporary English Evangelical Revivalism Glyn James Ackerley Ph.D Thesis Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Theology Department of Education and Professional Studies School of Social Science and Public Policy King’s College London February 2013 1 Abstract This thesis is an investigation of three exemplary ‘faith ministries’ that are or have been recently active in the South-East of England. These ministries have embraced principles from the American Health Wealth and Prosperity Movement (HWPM). The author seeks to demonstrate that key concepts and approaches in the self- presentation or rhetoric of these church leaders have their foundations in popular American culture that has developed since the early19th century, and that distinctive characteristics of these ministries are particular examples of the globalisation of American culture and, particularly, its distinctive pragmatism. The three ministries considered are Michael Reid, Colin Urquhart and Jerry Savelle (an American with an international ministry and offices in the UK). An interpretative methodology employing two cultural frameworks to deconstruct the movement’s rhetoric is applied to the writings, webcasts and other teaching materials marketed by these ministries. The first of these frameworks is a historical, interpretative theory acknowledging the distinctive influence of Pragmatism, Scottish Common Sense Realism, the Protestant Work Ethic and neo-Gnosticism that are an explanation of the roots and the continuing development of this way of thinking in American culture (and the globalisation of its religion). The second framework is a more religious interpretation that explains the nature of the movement’s ethos, worldview and interpretive assumptions. It acknowledges the influence of Positive Thinking, Subjective Idealism, Transcendentalism and New Thought. An analysis of the performative rhetoric and teachings of the three persons considered (and their mentors) examines the use of mechanistic language and concepts such as principles, steps and keys to describe how their teachings can work for people’s benefit. The thesis asks: What social and theological construction of reality, and what factors or reasons, make these ministries appealing to people, and what is the true nature of what these ministries offer? After a literature review and initial methodology, the rhetorical analysis proceeds by considering the nature of the ministries using insights from narrative theory, psychology, congregational studies, Maussian analysis, organisational theory, and theories of enchantment, charisma, class and cognitive dissonance. This thesis observes that while pragmatic religious solutions attract adherents disenchanted by advanced secularization in modern Britain, this often results in bewilderment when the promises of the rhetors fail. The thesis is original in its finding that many of the miracles claimed by such charismatic ministries are the result of suggestion similar to the miracles of the mind cure movement of the nineteenth century and any seemingly miraculous financial provision to leaders is the result of members of their discourse community giving in the hope that they may receive in return, these miracles are therefore often socially constructed. 2 The author, as the former vicar of an evangelical/charismatic Anglican Church, is an observant participant in that his church had attracted refugees from these ministries but had also lost people looking for easy pragmatic solutions to their life questions. The application of rhetoric is illustrated with material from the ministries’ books, DVDs and internet sites supplemented by insights from ethnographic interviews with refugees from the ministries concerned. 3 Acknowledgements I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all those who have helped me and encouraged me throughout this exacting task. I am grateful to the people of St Philip and St James Church, Chatham and St Peter and St Paul Shorne, who have coped with the extra burden of this work upon their vicar and allowed me space in which to complete this thesis. Special thanks are due to the Following. First of all I would like to thank Robin Gill for opening my eyes to the wonders of theology and social structure. I want to thank Lesley Harrison for her help with transcription of my early interviews. I would also like to thank Eric Clouston and David Green for valuable discussions while they served as my curates at St Philip and St James. Without doubt I would not have been able to complete this thesis without interviews and conversations with adherents and various leaders associated with my case study ministries. I am most grateful for the insights you were able to give me. I am also grateful for the many helpful conversations with fellow students at King’s College London’s Centre for theology, Religion and Culture. I would like to thank Andrew Walker, who was my principal supervisor for one year and who started me off on this thesis but also acted as my second supervisor while being unwell. Without doubt I am most indebted to two people. My supervisor Martyn Percy, for his inspirational guidance, profound insights and gentle encouragement. Finally my wife Philippa, who did a Master’s degree in theology stimulated by my research and has been my constant companion and sounding board over the years of this work. She has been my continuous support in periods of frustration and self-doubt. I am further sincerely grateful for the financial support received from the Diocese of Rochester, Ministry and Training department and the Bishop and Archdeacon of Rochester. A study of this nature inevitably involves sacrifice of time and leisure as well as a measure of isolation from friends and family. Thank you all for being so understanding. 4 Contents Abstract ...................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... 4 Contents .................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction to the Thesis ........................................................................... 7 Stimulus for this Study ............................................................................................ 10 Case Studies ............................................................................................................ 12 Michael Reid ....................................................................................................... 12 Colin Urquhart...................................................................................................