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THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE LEWIS & CLARK TRAIL H ERITAGE FOUNDAT ION, INC. VOL. 5 NO. 4 NOVEMBER 1979

Design Selected For Wood River, Illinois, Lewis & Clark Memorial

PAR"flAL P[;RSPE"CflVE OF- ...---

SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, June 26, across (east) the Mississippi River from three finalist in a competition 1979 - Rockford landscape architect from the mouth of t he Missouri River. co-sponsored by the Department of David I. Wiemer will receive a Conservation and the Committee. It The memorial is to commemorate the $2000.00 fee from the Illinois Depart­ features eleven three-sided columns beginning of the Lewis and Clark Ex­ ment of Conservation for his design of arranged in a circle around a boulder pedition's trek to the Pacific Ocean, a memorial sculpture for the Lewis to be brought from a spot in Montana an exploring enterprise that began at and Clark State Park, historic site, where the Lewis and Clark Expedition the Expedition's "Camp Wood" or near Wood River, Illinois. The park crossed t h e Continental Divide "Camp DuBois" near Wood River, Il­ is about 15 miles by river, and 20 miles (Lemhi Pass, Montana-Idaho state­ linois, in May 1804. by highway, from St. Louis, Missouri, line, N. 45° Parallel). Each one of the and about 5 miles south of East Wiemer's design was selected by the columns represents one of the eleven Alton, Illinois. The site is directly Lewis and Clark Heritage Committee (Continued on page 3) President Saindon's Message "Whoever will be chief among you, let him be your servant." (Matthew, 20:27) I did not accept the presidency of the Foundation to lead, but rather to serve. Unless I am told what the mem­ THE LEWIS AND CLARK TRAIL bership wants, I shall not be a good HERITAGE FOUNDATION, INC. servant.

Incorporated 1969 under Missouri General Not-For-Profit Corporation Act IRS Exemption In a recent letter to all the committee Certificate No. 501(C)(3) - Identification No. 51-0187715 appointees I stated: "It had been my OFFICERS - EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE original plan to hold most committees to only three members, thus expedit­ President 1st Vice President 2nd Vice President Bob Saindon Irving W. Anderson V. Strode Hinds, D.D.S. ing the business activities. After all, P.O. Box 481 P .O. Box LC-196 3121 Grandview any Foundation member can feed in­ Glasgow, MT 59230 Lewis & Clark College Sioux City, IA 51104 formation into a committee, and all Portland, OR g121g Foundation members have a say

Hazel Bain, Secretary Clarence H. Decker. Treasurer about whatever comes out of a com­ 1 g5o - 33rd Ave., Apt. # 1 P.O. Box 128 mittee." My point was that each Longview, WA 98632 East Alton, IL 62024 member is equally important in the work of the Foundation. A few of us DIRECTORS have been elected or appointed to Todd Berens Clifford I msland Dan Murphy serve the entire membership, but we Santa Ana, CA Seattle, WA St. Louis, MO need your input. Harold Billian Donald Jackson Sheila Robinson Villanova, PA Colorado Springs, CO Coleharbor. ND Too many ill-prepared proposals have Viola Forrest Arlen J. Large William P . Sherman gone before an ill-advised Board of Walla Walla, WA Washington, D.C. Portland, 0 R Directors and membership, and with Mildred Goosman E. E. MacGilvra Ralph S . Space too little time for deliberation. This Omaha, NE Butte, MT Orofino, ID has resulted in hard feelings among Mitchell Doumit, Cathlamet, WA, Immediate Past President, is a Foundation Director. our members. A group of people unit­ ed for a common purpose, as we are, PAST PRESIDENTS - DIRECTORS " Honorary Past President" - E. E. " Boo" MacGilvra should experience a minimum amount of hard feelings toward each other. Edwynne P. Murphy, 1970 Lynn Burris, Jr.. 1972-1973 Wilbur P. Werner. 1975-1g76 St. Louis, Missouri Topeka. Kansas Cut Bank, Montana In attempt to lessen these unneces­ E. G. Chuinard, M.D .. 1971 Robert E. Lange, 1973-1974 Clarence H. Decker. 1976-1977 sary confrontations, the Board of Tigard, Oregon Portland, Oregon East Alton, Illinois Directors shall be given copies of, and John Greenslit, 1972 Gary Leppert, 1974-1975 Gail M. Stensland, 1977-1978 Lansing, Michigan Lewistown, Montana Fort Benton, Montana encouraged to preview, the various committees' reports and proposals a Mitchell Ooumit, 1978-1979 month in advance of the Twelfth An­ Cathlamet, Washington nual Meeting. And any other interest­ ABOUT THE FOUNDATION ed Foundation member shall have

The purpose of the l ewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation. Inc .. is to stimulate nationally: public interest access to these committee reports by in matters relating to the Lawis and Clark Expedition; the contributions to American history made by the sending a request to Secretary Hazel expedition members; and events of time and place concerning and following the expedition which are of historical import to our n·a1ion. The Foundation recognizes the value of tourist-oriented programs. and supports Bain no later than a month prior to activities which enhance the en joyment and understanding of the Lewis and Clark story. The scope of the activities of the Foundation are broad and diverse, and include involvement in pursuits which. in the judgement the Annual Meeting. j of the Directors are, of historical worth or contemporary sociat values, and commensurate with the heritage of Lewis and Clerk. The activities of the National Foundation are intended to compliment and supplement The purpose of our Foundation, I be­ those of state and local Lewis and Clark interest groups, The Foundation may appropriately recognize and I honor individuals or groups for: art works of distinction; achievement in the broad field of Lewis and Clark lieve, can be simply stated as follows: historical research; writing; or deeds which promote the general purpose and scope of activities of the ... to stimulate and support activities Foundation. Membership in the organization comprises a broad spectrum of lewis and Clark enthusiasts l including Federal. State. and local government officials. historians. scholars. and others of wide ranging Lewis nationally that develop public inter­ and Clark interests. Officers of the Foundation are elected from the membership. The Annual Meeting of t he Foundation is traditionally held during August, the birth month of both Meriwether Lewis and William est, understanding, and enjoyment in Clark. The meeting place is rotated among the States, and tours generally are arranged to visit sites in the matters that authentically relate to area of the Annual Meeting which have historic association with the Lewis and Cla..-k Expedition. the Lewis and Clark Expedition. WE PROCEEDED ON To help interest the public in the We Proceeded On is the official publication of the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Lewis and Clark Expedition, the Inc. The publication's name is derived from the phrase which appears repeatedly in the collec­ tive journals of the famous Expedition. Foundation's work must be popular. And there is nothing that says we PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE would have to sacrifice scholarship in Robert E. Lange, Editor and Committee Chairman, 5054 S.W. 26th Place, Portland, OR order for our work to be popular. 97201 For the purpose of stimulating public enjoyment in Lewis and Clark related E. G. Chuinard, Business Manager Donald Jackson 3025 N. Vancouver Avenue 3920 Old Stage Road activities the Foundation must be Portland, OR 97227 Colorado Springs, CO 80906 congeniai- we do not have to be arro­ gant to have an air of importance. Paul R. Cutright Wilbur P. Werner 312 Summit Avenue P.O. Box 1244 In order to promote authenticity, the Jenkintown, PA 19046 Cut Bank, MT 59427 Foundation must be publicized, and be ready to extend a helping hand to

-2- We Proceeded On, November 1979 with this mailing of WPO) have been clis­ l those individuals and organizations Gill, deserve the gratitude of our interested in doing something relative membership and readers. Our Foun­ tributed in schools, libraries, mailings, to the Lewis and Clark Expedition. dation presidents have been faithful and especially at the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, St. Louis. We cannot merely sit back and criti­ in providing pertinent and thought­ cize shoddy work after it has been pre­ provoking "President's Messages", Local news media, especially the Alton sented to the public. and Past Prnsidents Gary Leppart, Telegraph, has given this new project and the 175th anniversary of the start of t he All this is not to suggest that the Wilbur Werner, Clarence Decker, Gail Stensland, and Mitchell Doumit, famous Expedition, feature story cover­ Foundation's present work is too so­ age. phisticated to be popular, nor that we and current President Bob Saindon, ru·e an exclusive organization. To the have provided this copy. If We Recently the Illinois Legislature has offi­ contrary, our membership comprises Proceeded On has been a success the cially designated a segment of Interstate above and many others have shared 70 as the Lewis and Clark Memorial a balance of scholar/layman interests Highway. and we cordially extend assistance to in its production. Certa inly J erry those who validly promote the saga of Stewart of Times-Litho and his asso­ Members of the F oundation and the exploring enterprise. ciates continue to contribute to the Lewis and Clark enthusiasts every­ quarterly's quality. where eagerly look forward to the I have all the confidence that we completion of this Memorial project shall, with scholarship, congeniality, The publication committee is looking forward to putting together future at this important site in the history and an air of excellence, maintain our and heritage of the Lewis and Clark issues as well as the publication of an objectives. Expedition. Index to the first five volumes. If you, Therefore, I am satisfied that this will our readers, have suggestions let us be another good year for the Founda­ hear from you. Our New President tion. We shall introduce many new Bob Saindon people to our organization. One way Robert E. Lange, Editor to do so is to give a Foundation mem­ bership to a friend or relative as a MEMORIAL - can't from p. 1 birthday or Christmas gift. If their in­ Trail States traversed by the explor­ terests are in the least bit inclined ing party, and the plaques on each of toward history, exploration, Indians, these columns will record important geography, botany, etc., they will cer­ events of the journey in each of the tainly appreciate the subscription to Trail States. WE PROCEEDED ON and the privi­ lege of being a part of a very worth­ The plan also calls for three flags to while organization. be flown neru· the central boulder - an 1804 version of "Old Glory", an Illi­ Please continue your own member­ nois State flag, and a current United ship and participation. The accom­ States fifty star flag. plishments of the Foundation are di­ rectly proportional to the support of Completing the design will be a giant its members. arrow outlined in concrete on the ground, which will point directly May the coming holiday season bring across the Mississippi River to t he each of you peace, joy, hope, and the mouth of the Missouri River. fulfillment of your most cherished wishes. Foundation Treasurer, Clarence H. Serving the Foundation as its Bob Saindon, President Decker, East Alton, Illinois, when eleventh president is Bob Saindon commenting on this project in his (pronounced Sand-on), Glasgow, report to Foundation Directors at the Montana. Born on Februru·y 11, 1942, WPO Editor Notes Our Eleventh Annual Meeting at Glas­ Five Volume Milestone he celebrates his birthday on the same gow, Montana, said: date as Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, With this issue of We Proceeded On Persistent efforts of the local Lewis and Sacagawea's child and the Expedi­ we complete five years (twenty issues) Clark Historical Society and members of tion's "Pomp", who was born some for our quarterly publication. Pub­ the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage 133 years earlier. Bob is the fifth child Foundation, Inc., whjch may be consid­ lished four times a year, on a some­ in a Glasgow family whose father was ered almost synonomous in Illinois, final­ employed by the U. S. Corps of Army what random schedule, there has been ly found fruition in the State of Illinois' one issue of eight pages, nine twelve­ appropriation of sufficient funds to build Engineers at the Fort Peck Dam proj­ page, and nine sixteen-page issues and a fitting memorial as the first phase of ect a few miles south of Glasgow. now this, the first twenty-page edi­ development of Lewis and Clai·k State Bob graduated from Glasgow High tion. Park, a few rojles south of Wood River. School in 1960; attended one yea1· at Fortunately the editor has had the Construction is to begin immediately, Montana State College majoring in welcome help of many fine contribu­ wi th the possibility of raising the entire architecture; received a certificate in tors, which have augmented his fea­ area above flood stage. architectural drafting from Salt Lake 1963. ture article efforts. "By Liners" like While we rather presumptuously took Technical Institute in He en­ Don Jackson, Paul Cutrigh t, crediL for this project as sponsored by the tered the Roman Catholic seminary "Frenchy" Chuinard, Irving Ander­ nat ional Foundation, it generated consid­ in the fall of 1963 and studied philoso­ son, George Tweney, Bob Saindon, erable local in terest and financial sup­ phy at Can oll College in Helena, Roy Chatters, Jim Large, Wm. Clark port. Montana; Assumption Abbey in Adreon, Ralph Space, John Logan Another project of the local group was Richardton, North Dakota; ' and Allen , Paul Graveline, Wilbur the preparation of a brochure relating to (Continued on page 4) Werner, Irving Dilliard, Stephen E. Wood River and t he sta1ting point of the 1. At the North Dakota Abbey, he founded and Ambrose, Anton Whitehead, and the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Some 5000 was charter president of the St. John Vianney late R. Darwin Burroughs and Larry copies of this brochure (copy is enclosed Club.

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -3- July 25, after the party had split up at Mount Angel Abbey, St. Benedict, Editor's Note: Townsend [about 39 miles downstream Oregon. Bob received his teaching cre­ We would like to include in each issue from the Three Forks) several days be­ dentials from the University of Mon­ of WPO, news items detailing current fore. tana, Missoula, in 1969, and has done or forthcoming activities related to The newspaper story also details the post-graduate work at several Mon­ the Lewis and Clark Expedition in tana schools. In 1977 he was the recip­ black-powder shooting contest, each of the eleven trail states, or for games, council fires, and a variet~ of ient of his community's "Outstanding that matter, any activity anywhere Young Educator Award". He is pres­ other activities which always high­ that would be of interest to members light this historical group's get­ ently teaching fourth grade at Irle El­ and readers. To accomplish this, we ementary School in Glasgow. togethers. This event is only one of must rely on our Directors, their des­ six scheduled to be held this year. T he He married Patricia Trubell in 1967 ignated reporters, and other Lewis organization is composed of members and they have two children, Michael, and Clark enthusiasts, to provide us who live in Montana, Nevada, Utah, age 11 and Michelle, age 8. For the with this information. We _would be and other western states. past five years, Patricia has been coor­ pleased to hear from you. dinator of aging services for Valley ••••••**** * County, Montana, and she has re­ News Notes cently accepted an appointment with In another news clip from The Inde­ the Montana Department of Commu­ We Proceeded On has been advised by pendent Record, Helena, Montana, nity Alfairs as Transportation Spe­ the Fort Clatsop Historical Associa­ Wednesday, August 1, 1979, we have cialist and Administrator of Pro­ tion Bookshop that they have pur­ a story concerning two California grams for Small Cities and Rural chased the last thirty copies of the men Dick Mason and Chuck Lowe. Areas. This new responsibility will Arno Press printing of the Original The~e 29 and 28 year old modern ex­ have headquarters in Helena, Mon­ Journals of the Lewis and Clark Ex­ plorers are retracing the Lewis and tana. Upon termination of Bob's pedition - 1804-1805, Edited by Reu­ Clark journey by canoe. Last year teaching contract with the local ben Gold Thwiates. In seven volumes they followed the explorers' route school district, Bob and the childrnn and Atlas like the original Dodd, from Wood River, Illinois to the re­ will be moving to the Helena area. Mead & C~. printing in 1904-1905, this constructed replica of the Expedi­ i:eprint edition was done by Arno tion's Fort Mandan (near Washburn, Bob was an active member of the Press, N.Y., in 1969. Interested pm­ North Dakota). This year, leaving the Eureka Jaycees while teaching in that chasers may make inquiry for order North Dakota site on May 29th, they northwestern Montana community. forms and price quotation from the were on their westward way again. He was the winner of several club Association, care of Fort Clatsop Na­ When interviewed by Pat Murdo, awards, and served as the organiza­ tional Memorial, P.O. Box 604-FC, staff writer for the Helena newspaper, tion's treasurer. He is a member of the Route 3, Astoria, Oregon 97103. they were headed for Townsend, the Montana Historical Society and has Three Forks, and the Jefferson­ contributed to the Society's presti­ Beaverhead Rivers. Mason made the gious quarterly publication, Mon­ Newspaper clips forwarded to We remark: "We're seeing it a bit dif­ tana, The Magazine of Western His­ Proceeded On from Foundation ferent than people who just read his­ tory; he is a director of the Valley Director E. E. " Boo" MacGilvra tory books. Even though it's changed, County Historical Society and con­ report an interesting commemorative we are having an experience more like 2 tributes time and talent to the Valley activity at Headwaters State Park, Lewis and Clark and their party." County Pioneer Museum. Bob is a Three Forks, Montana. From the founder and charter president of the Bozeman Daily Chronicle, we excerpt ••••••••••• Valley County Lewis and Clark Trail the following from a feature article by 3 Foundation member Ed Ruisch,' Society, and editor of the Society's Chronicle Staff Writer Rick Bush: publication, A Squawl of Wind. We Sioux City, Iowa, in a friendly letter Proceeded on is pleased that he has (Datelined, Friday, July 27, 1979) History to the editor reports on several special been a regular contributor to the came to life today on the banks of the observations related to the death of Foundation's quarterly publication. Madison-Jefferson Rivers at the Three the Expedition's Sergeant Charles Forks of the Missou1i River near Trident. F loyd. Sergeant Floyd died a few This busy Foundation president, edu­ Members of the Rocky Mountain Fur miles south of the business district of cator, historian, writer, editor, artist, 2 Co., a group of historical enthusiasts Sioux City on August 20, 1804. sculptor, photographer, still finds reanacted the arrival of the Lewis and On the 175th anniversary of Floyd's time to serve as a member of St. Clark expedition at the Three Forks of Raphael's Parish Council, and chair­ the Missowi on July 27, 1805. man of the Parish's Education Com­ I. See WPO. Vol. 2. No. 2, pp 14- 15. mittee. The Foundation may look for­ About 60 people dressed in buckskins and 2. For more concerning Sergeant Charles Floyd ward to continued growth and carrying black powder rifles whooped and see: Wheeler. Olin 0 .. The Trail of Lewis c111d hollered at 9 A.M. today, 174 years after development during the coming year Clark - 1804- 1904. G. P . Putnam's Sons, N.Y.. Meriwether Lewis arrived at the Three 1904 (reprint edition 1926). Vol. 1- pp. 83-93: under the leadership of Bob Saindon, Forks. Gaiver, Frank Harmon, "'The Story of Sergeant our fine new president. Charles Flovd'", in The Proceedings of /he Missis­ A part of the company members arrived sippi Valle_;, Historical Association. Vol. II. pp. at the headwaters [park] by canoe and 76-92: Butler. James Da,·ie, "The New Found joined those waiting on the bank. Shots .Journal of Charles Floyd - A Sergeant under Captains Lewis and Clark··. in the .Proceedings were fired into the air, greetings were ex­ of /h e American A11liq11aric111 Socref.v. Boston. changed and a breakfast was cooked, MA. April 26. L894 ; Coucs Elliot t. ·· i n Memoriam with jerky, black coffee and bread. 2. Whit~ Bob c laims that his artistic abilities are _ Sergeant Charles Fl o~·d - The Repm1 of the Flovcl Memoria l Association. Prepared m Behalf on an amateur basis, he has received awards for According to the Lewis and Clark jom­ oil paintings and sculptures. He is responsible for of the Committee on Publication'". a 58 page pub­ nals Lewis and his party anived at the lication. Sioux Cit y, Iowa. Press of Perkins two fine dioramas at the Valley County Pioneer Forks of the Missolll'i at 9 A.M. Museum ("Old Fort Peck" and " Namin g Milk Thr~e Brot hei·s Co., J8!J7; Cutright. Paul Rand Brncl­ head Micheal ''Dr. Elliott Coues and Sergeant River"). on July 27 [1805). There ~e found a note, J., showing that Clark and his party had ar­ Cha;les Floyd", in We Proceeded On, Vol. 4, No. 3. A chapter of t he national Foundation. rived at the spot traveling overland on 3, pp. 6-10.

-4- We Proceeded On, November 1979 death the Sioux City Battery of the Memorial in St. Louis.' Muench's News Note 1st Iowa Volunteers (known locally as pleasingly descriptive· negatives were the "Sioux River Muzzle Loaders") enlarged by a special technique. Upon In a letter to the editor from Wm. held a brief ceremony at the Floyd the opening of the Museum in 1976, Clark Adreon, St. Louis, we l_lave news Monument, the 100 foot high white the Saint Louis Commerce publica­ of the death of Esther Barnes. A writ­ stone obelisk, which stands on Floyd's tion commented that "The brilliant er and poet, Ms. Barnes joined the Bluff 125 feet above the Missouri you-are-there immediacy of the Foundation in 1974. She attended An­ River. The evening activities included murals is brought to fulfillment by il­ nual Meetings at Seaside, Oregon, readings from the Expedition's jour­ lumination so adroit that the viewer Bismarck, North Dakota, and St. nals, a three gun salute by the is likely to be unaware of it as light­ Charles, Missouri. In 1973, Esther muzzler loaders, and the sounding of ing, only as enrichment of the picture published a 48 page booklet titled taps by Boy Scout bugler Tom Corri­ surfaces and details that contributes Lovely Sacajawea, and her "Dedica­ gan. remarkably to the illusion of deep tion" reads: "Affectionately and gratefully dedicated to children in the Earlier in the day, at the Sioux City space on the flat surface." elementary grades who pleaded, 'One Rotary Club meeting, there was an Considering the millions of visitors to more story about Lovely Sacajawea, observance of the 79th anniversary of the St. Louis Museum, it may truly please!'" Esther Barnes graduated the fourth and last burial of Charles be said, as does the text on the award, from San Francisco State College Floyd.3 that David Muench has been instru­ with a A.B. degree, and from the Uni­ mental " ...in bringing to this nation The newspaper clipping accompany­ versity of California, Berkeiey with a a greater awareness and apprecation ing Ed Ruisch's letter was from the M.A. degree. She also attended Lewis­ of the Lewis and Clark Expedition." Sioux City Journal. A feature story by Clark College, Lewiston, Idaho, and Louise Zerschling, Journal staff writ­ Hazel Bain, Longview, Washington, Boise State College, Boise, Idaho. In er, titled: "Sergeant's Death Put Him for her unselfish service since 1976 as recent years she was awarded an In History Books'', included an illus­ Membership Secretary for the Foun­ "Oscar" from the International tration of the Floyd Monument and dation, received the Foundation's Dis­ Toastmistress Club for "Best Speech". an excellent 33 column inch mono­ tinguished Service Award. The legend She was a teacher and tutor in the graph concerning Lewis and Clark, on the award reads: "For outstanding school systems in Idaho, Washington, Sergeant Floyd, the details involving contributions toward fmthering the and California. Living in St. Louis, the organization of the Floyd Memo­ purpose and objectives of the Lewis Missouri, at the t ime of her death, rial Association in 1897, and the con­ and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Esther had been busily engaged in a struction of the memorial which Inc." At the recent Annual Meeting, new volume to be titled: Sacajawea, began in 1900 and was completed for Hazel was elected Secretary for the Spiritual Leader of the Lewis and an appropriate ceremony on Memori­ Foundation, succeeding Irving W. An­ Clark Expedition. She was a regular al Day 1901. Ruisch notes in his Jetter derson, who served in that capacity contributor to poetry magazines that the former owner of the newspa­ since 1973. Anderson was elected fu-st throughout the country. per, the Honorable George D. Perkins, vice president at the August meeting, was the Congressman who obtained and made the presentation of the the first appropriation for the build­ award to Hazel Bain. ing of the monument. 1. Two publications are available featuring 3. High water and seasonal flooding of t he Mis­ David Muench's Lewis and Clark pho­ souri River, eroded the banks of the 1i ver and tography. In 1977, K. C. Publications, Las Chris Patton Wins disturbed the original grave of Sergeant Floyd. Vegas, Nevada published a 64 page, 9" x T he details of the several relocations of the burial 12" volume with full color plates. Founda­ Quilt At Glasgow place is related in the refe1·enccs cited in footnote 2. tion Director Dan Mw-phy provided an ex­ Annual Meeting cellent text and journal entry picture cap­ tions to enhance ttus publication. In 1978, Charles C. Patton, Springfield, Illi­ 1979 Foundation Awards Beautiful America Publishing Co., nois, known to his many friends as Portland, Oregon, published the 144 page, "Chris'', held the winning raffle ticket 9th" X 1314" collection of Muench Lewis and Two awards were presented to deserv­ Clark photography. Archie Satterfield pro­ for the beautiful hand made Lewis ing recipients at the Eleventh Annual vided the text for this volume. Both vol­ and Clark quilt. (See We Proceeded Meeting Banquet, August 15th, Glas­ umes are available at booksellers t hrough­ On, Vol. 5, No. 1, page 8.) The pho­ gow, Montana. out the country, Lewis and Clark: Voyage tograph in the previous issue in no of Discovery, Muench/Mw-phy, K. C. Pub­ way does justice to this unique exam­ The Foundation's Award of Meri­ lications, $3.00 soft cover; $7.50 hard cover. ple of craftmanship by members of to1ious Achievement was presented to Lewis and Clark Country, Muench/Satter­ the Valley County Lewis and Clark photographer David Muench. Foun­ field, Beautiful America Publishing Co., Trail Society. dation Director Dan Murphy, Na­ $25.00. tional Park Service, Jefferson Nation­ Bachelor "Cris'', evoking philan­ al Expansion M emo1ial, St. Louis, thropy at its finest, returned the quilt made the presentation. to the local society. His suggestion was that they organize a futw-e raffle, In 1974-75, David Muench, recognized or arrive at a suitable presentation as one of the world's outstanding sce­ that they would like to make for it. nic photographers, was commissioned Thank you "Chris" for your thought­ by the National Park Service to travel fulness! and photograph the Lewis and Clark Trail. The purpose of the project was Helen (Nel) Hetrick of the Valley to supply the spectaculru· color photo County ... Society has advised WPO murals that make up the 16 foot high that the sale of raffle tickets for the by 600 foot circular perimeter wall at quilt brought in $602.00 t o help cover the Museum of Westward Expansion certain expenses involved with the at the Jefferson National Expansion Eleventh Annual Meeting.

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -5- A Variety of 11th Annual Meeting Activities Recorded In Photographs

On the Monday afternoon bus trip to buffalo jump and tipi rings just east of Hinsdale, Montana, Emmett Stal/,cop, Havre, Montana, past presidenl of the Montana State Archaeowgical Sodety, addressed members and guests. Bob Saindon (left) holds display board of Indian arrowheads.

. - .,.. !'f..1 ~.- ~..... Jim McConnell, Sr., ceremonial leader of the Red Bottom Clan, Assiniboine Tribe, erects a sacred Assiniboine medicine sign Montana's Lt. Governor Ted Schwinden (center} receives a tribal warbonnet from the Joe (rock cairn and buffalo skull). Event took Day family who sponsored his adoption into the Assiniboine Tribe. Day places warbonnet place on Monday afternoon at the site of on Schwinden while Mrs. Day (right) watches ceremony. George Shields {left) was Master the buffalo jump near Hinsdale, Montana. of Ceremonies for the Monday evening Powwow.

11th Annual Meeting Photographs Repro­ duced On This Page And On Pages 7, 8, and 11 In This Issue Have Been Provided By Members Of The Valley County Lewis & Clark Trail Society, Glasgow, Montana. (Left to right) Mitchell Doumit, Joe Day, (Left) Honorable Arthur A. Link, Govenwr and George Shields. Foundation President of North Dakota and Ben Innis, Williston, Doumit presents a special medallion to Joe North Dakota, partake of delicious food at Day of the Red Bottom Clan of the Assini­ picnic dinner served at park at the con­ boine Tribe. An event at the Monday eve­ fluence of the Yellowstone and Missow·i ning Powwow. Rivers.

-6- We Proceeded On, November 1979 I

Dan Murphy, National Park Service, J ef­ ferson National Expansion Memorial, St. Louis, was the speaker for the Founda­ Past President Clarence H. Decker (1976-1977) and Foundation Treasurer since 1973, East tion's 11th Annual Banquet. His address Alton, Illinois, exchanges greeting and levity with Foundation President Mitchell Doumit is published in this issue, see page 12. at Annual Banquet.

I ! I 1 il

~ ~··"-· ..._~ 'Y,.':l, -; Jol. t"'a- l (Left to right) Foundation Director Sheila Robinson, Coleharbor, North Dakota; Montana's (Left to right) Pat Saindon, Gladys Silk, Lt. Governor Schwinden; Foundation Director Cliff lmsland (with tape recorder), Seattle, Glasgow, Montana, and Cornelius O'Sulli­ Washington; and Archie Graber, Seattle, Washington, take part in a traditional Assini­ van, Houston, Texas, join in a traditional ~ boine dance. Assiniboine dance. The Assiniboine Tribal Dance was in honor of Montana's Lt. Governor Ted Schwinden's adoption into the Tribe.

, ,,. _..,_ .,. - ~. On Tuesday members and guests traveled by charter buses to historic Fort Union, Fort Buford, the Snowdon Bridge, and concluded the day's activities at the confluence of the Yellowstone and Missouri Rivers. Following a delicious picnic dinner prepared and served by the Trenton, North Dakota Band Mothers, Foundation members and guests (pictured above) assembled for an informal address by the Honorable Arthur A. Link, Governor of North Dakota. The Yellowstone River joins the Missouri River only a few miles east of the Montana-North Dakota stateline, and Governor Link was bom and raised near this location. Members who attended the Foundation's Seventh Annual Meeting, Bismarch, North Dalwta, August 1975, will recall that Governor Linh was a special guest and spoke to attendees on that occasion (see WPO, Vol. l, No. 3, pp. 1, 3, and 6).

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -7- Second Vice President and Secretary Irv­ ing W. Anderson, Portland, Oregon, pins corsage on Membership Secretary Hazel Bain, Longview, Washington, following presentation of the Foundation's Distin­ guished Service Award. Irving presented At the Annual Banquet, Judy Decker listens intently as Bob Saindon, Glasgow, Montana, the award to Hazel for her outstanding accepts President's gavel from Mitchell Doumit, Cathlamet, Washington. service since 1976 as the Foundation's Membership Secretary. The corsage was a Listing of 11th Annual Meeting Registrants gift to Hazel from her children, wlw had been advised that the award was to be Figures in parentheses, following na me of states, • Indicates registration for only certain events. given to her. For Hazel, the honor was a indicate number of full time registrants. ... Unable to attend - refused refund of registra­ great surprise! See also: story on page 5 tion fee. this issue, and WPO, Vol. 4, No. 4, p. 5. CALIFORNIA (8) (Montana listing con 't.) Todd Berens, Santa Ana • Irma Mclnerney, Glasgow PENNSYLVANIA (1) Mrs. Todd (Betty) Berens, Santa Ana Kathy Makich, Glasgow Harold (Hal) Billian, Villanova Wilbur Hoffman, Yuba City Rita Owen, Cut Bank Mrs. Wilbur (Ruth) Hoffman, Yuba City Dave Pecora, Glasgow TENNESSEE (1) Sam Kipp, Sacramento Mrs. Dave (Donna) Pecora, Glasgow Martin Netsky, M.D., Nashville Mrs. Sam (Kay) Kipp, Sacramento Dean Rusher, Glasgow **Mrs. Martin Netsky, Nashville James Taranik, LaHabra Mrs. Dean (Kitty Lou) Rusher, Glasgow Mrs. James (Jeanette) Taranik, LaHabra Bob Saindon, Glasgow T EXAS (1) •Mrs. Bob (Pat) Saindon, Glasgow Fred Sheldon, M.D., Sherman IDAHO (4) Gladys Silk, Glasgow *Cornelius O'Sullivan, Houston Ralph S. Space, Orofino •John Silk, Glasgow •Mrs. Cornelius O'Sullivan, Houston Judy Space, Orofino Robert Singer, Fort Benton Marcus J. Ware, Lewiston Mrs. Robert (Idella) Singer, Fort Benton STATE OF WASHINGTON (8) Mrs. Marcus (Helen) Ware, Lewiston •Harold Smith, Glasgow Hazel Bain, Longview Irene Smith, Glasgow Mitchell Doumit, Cathlamet ILLINOIS (4) •Annette Stensland, Glasgow Mrs. Mitchell (Elizabeth) Doumit, Cathlamet Clarence H . Decker, East Alton Gail Stensland, Fort Benton Ray Forrest, Walla Walla Mrs. Clarence (Judy) Decker, East Alton Mrs. Gail (Ellie) Stensland, Fort Benton Mrs. Ray (Viola) Forrest, Walla Walla Charles (Chris) Patton, Springfield Bernard (Bunky) Sullivan, Glasgow Archie Graber, Seattle J . W. Patton, Springfield Clifford lmsland, Seattle NEBRASKA (2) Richard Krieg, Skamania IOWA (3) William Farrand, Omaha V. Strode Hinds, D.D.S., Sioux City • Mrs. Wm. (Cindy) Farrand, Omaha WASHINGTON, D.C. Mrs. Strode (Bev) Hinds, Sioux City Mildred Goosman, Omaha Arlen J . (Jim) Large Lynne Hinds, Sioux City Robert Taylor NEW YORK (2) MISSOURI (3) William B. Norris, Fayetteville Henry Hamilton, Marshall Mrs. Wm. (Margaret) Norris, Fayetteville Mrs. Henry (Jean) Hamilton, Marshall Dan Murphy, S t. Louis NORTH DAKOTA (6) Eldred Codling, Bismarck MONTANA (27) Ida Lee, Bismarck J ohn Austin, Hamilton Dave Robinson, Coleharbor Mrs. John (Clara) Austin, Hamilton Mrs. Dave (Sheila) Robinson, Coleharbor • Manson Bailey, Glasgow Arthur Shipley, Bismarck Irene Baker, Glasgow Mrs. Arthur (Esther) Shipley, Bismarck Tom Beauchman, Glasgow Mrs. Tom (Mildred) Beauchman, Glasgow OHIO (3) *Ernie Becker, Glasgow J . P. Biehl, M.D., Cincinnati •Mrs. Ernie (Donna) Becker, Glasgow Mrs. J. P. Biehl, Cincinnati Myrtle Burke, Glasgow J ean Cambridge, Strongsville Mary Burns, Cut Bank Christmas presents? How about an Leanor Cotton, Glasgow OREGON (7) annual membership in the Founda­ *Wayne Fjossee, Havre Irving W. Anderson, Portland tion which includes a subscription *Cletus Fuhrman, Glasgow E. G. Chuinard, M.D., Tigard Gloria Fuhrman, Glasgow Harold L. Cronk, Grants Pass to the four -quarterly issues of We Darrel Gudmundson, Miles City Robert E. Lange, Portland Proceeded On. Membership appli­ Mrs. Darrel (Pat) Gudmundson, Miles City Wayne Schweinfest, Portland cations should be directed to the Helen (Nel) Hetrick, Glasgow William P. Sherman, Portland Membership Secretary. E. E. "Boo" MacGilvra, Butte Mrs. William P. Sherman, Portland

-8- W e Proceeded On, November 1979 President Saindon's Appointment of Foundation Committees

The first named individual under each committee heading is designated Committee Chairman

EXECUTIVE FINANCE MEMBERSHIP

Bob Saindon Clarence H. Decker Hazel Bain P.O. Box 481 P.O. Box 128 1950 - 33rd Ave., #1 Glasgow, MT 59230 East Alton, IL 62024 Longview, WA 98632

Irving W. Anderson Wm. Clark Adreon Dan Murphy P.O. Box LC 196 4400 Lindell Blvd. JNEM - NPS Lewis & Clark College Apt. #5-G 11 N. 4th St. Portland, OR 97219 St. Louis, MO 63108 St. Louis, MO 63102

V. Strode Hinds, D.D.S. Dan Murphy Sheila Robinson 3121 Grandview Blvd. JNEM - NPS Coleharbor, ND 58531 Sioux City, IA 51104 11 N. 4th St. St. Louis, MO 63102 Hazel Bain PLANNING AND 1950 - 33rd Ave., #1 DEVELOPMENT Longview, WA 98632 AWARDS1 E.G. Chuinard, M.D. Clarence H. Decker 3025 N. Vancouver Ave. P.O. Box 128 Portland, OR 97227 East Alton, IL 62024 V. Strode Hinds, D.D.S. 3121 Grandview Blvd. Sioux City, IA 51104 Sherry R. Fisher "Ding" Darling Foundation 3663 Grand, # 608 BYLAWS Ralph H. Rudeen Washington State Des Moines, IA 50309 Parks & Recreation Commission Irving W. Anderson Mitchell Doumit P.O. Box LC 196 7150 Cleanwater Lane KY-11 Olympia, WA 98504 P.O. Box 8 Lewis & Clark College Cathlamet, WA 98612 Portland, OR 97219 Hazel Bain Gail Stensland Wilbur P. Werner 1950 - 33rd Ave., #1 Longview, WA 98632 P.O. Box 205 P.O. Box 1244 F01t Benton, MT 59442 Cut Bank, MT 59427 Hazel Bain Mitchell Doumit 1950 - 33rd Ave., # 1 P.O. Box 8 Longview, WA 98632 Cathlamet, WA 98612 NOMINATING Clarence H. Decker Dan Murphy Ralph S. Space P.O. Box 128 JNEM - NPS Route #1 East Alton, IL 62024 11 N. 4th St. Orofino, ID 83544 St. Louis, MO 63102 E. E . MacGilvra 531 W. Broadway 1981 ANNUAL Butte, MT 59701 MEETING SITE PUBLICATIONS2 Archie Graber Al'len J. Large 8028 - 37th Ave. N.E. Robert E. Lange 120112 Rumsey Comt, S.E. Seattle, WA 98115 5054 SW 26th Place Washington,D.C. 20003 Portland, OR 97201

Irving W. Anderson Paul R. Cutright P.O. Box LC 196 312 Summit Ave. Lewis & Clark College ANNUAL MEETING Jenkintown, PA 19046 Portland, OR 97219 PROGRAM Donald Jackson E. E. MacGilvrn V. Strode Hinds, D.D.S. 3920 Old Stage Road 531 W. Broadway 3121 Grandview Blvd. Colorado Springs, CO 80906 Butte, MT 59701 Sioux City, IA 51104 E. G. Chuinard, M.D. Robert E. Lange Mildred R. Goosman 3025 N. Vancouver Ave. 5054 SW 26th Place 1014 S. 45th St. Portland, OR 97227 Portland, OR 97201 Omaha, NB 68106 Wilbur P. Werner David G. Ainswort h Bob Saindon P.O. Box 1244 P.O. Box 1128 P.O. Box 481 Cut Bank, MT 59427 Salmon, ID 83467 Glasgow, MT 59230 (Con't on Page IO}

1. Standing Conunittee. Tenure three years. One new 1nember appointed each year. Committee Chairman l'etires from committee after service as committee chairman during third year of t~n Ul' e.

2. Stan.d ing Committee. Members may serve continuously from year to ~rear .

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -9- Committee Appointments Editor's note: One of the special events at the Foundation's 11th Annual Meeting, Glasgow, Montana, was the presentation' of the essay that is transcribed below. ~he essay was read Con't from page 9 by its author, Liz Hahn, first place winner in the Foundation's 1979 Youth Activity Essay Contest.' Earlier this year, Miss Hahn completed the 11th Grade at Glasgow High School, and during her senior year she will serve as editor of the school's newspaper, The Bagpipe. YOUNG ADULTS ACTIVITY So appropriate is tl:ie quotation from the diary of Jessie Benton Fremont (1824-1902) ,> that the editor has included this in the box feature prefacing Miss Hahn's essay. Margaret Norris 307 Center St. 1. At the Wednesday, August 15th Luncheon. 2. See We Proceeded On, Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 5. Fayetteville, NY 13066 3. Daughter of Senator Thomas Hart Benton of Missouri (1782-1858) and wife of explorer John Charles Fremont (1813-1890). Clifford Imsland 519 N. 79th St. Seattle, WA 98103 "My father gave me early the place a son would have had. He made t Archie Graber me a companion and friend from the time almost that I could begin to 8028 - 37th Ave. N.E. understand." f Seattle, WA 98115 Jessie Benton Fremont Todd Berens 13202 Sussex Place Santa Ana, CA 92705 Lewis and Clark

AD HOC BRONZE By Liz Hahn

Wilbur P. Werner P.O. Box 1244 Lewis and Clark. The name is synonymous with Montana. I've lived in Montana Cut Bank, MT 59427 all my life and I've known about Lewis and Clark as long as I can remember. I.take pride in knowing that they passed through this state and noted its beauty. E. E. MacGilvra To me, there is no state more beautiful than Montana. I love wildlife and wide 531 W. Broadway Butte, MT 59701 open spaces, mountains and streams. I love photography and I often take my camer a out and just walk; I never fail to come up with some marvelous pictures. John G. Lepley When I think of Lewis and Clark traveling down the river and seeing the wild P.O. Box 535 Fort Benton, MT 59442 lands untouched by civilization, pme and clean, I feel as though I've lost some­ thing. I wish I could have been with them, shooting pictures that would have William P. Sherman been treasured forever. I would have loved to have seen the immense herds 3291 SW Fairmount Blvd. of buffalo so peaceful and innocent. The journals tell how the animals had Portland, OR 97201 no fear of the men and often would come closer for a curious look - so tame that a buffalo calf attached itself to Captain Lewis and followed close at his AD HOC NEW CHAPTER heels. I wish I could have been there for I wouldn't have needed a telephoto PROMOTION lens! I've been on several trips around the state with my father and I've found them Viola Forrest very enjoyable. My dad is a regular storehouse of information. I've come to 1236 Forrest Lane Walla Walla, WA 99632 believe he's memorized the Lewis and Clark journals. Never have we been to the Pines' together without discussing the bear incident. We travel to the Pines Gladys Silk frequently and as a result the bear story' is my favorite. According to Lewis, 633 - 7th Ave. N. it took eight rifle balls to kill the bear; my dad sometimes exaggerates this Glasgow, MT 59230 fact!

Harold B. Billian Aside from the bear, Lewis and Clark's troubles are many while they're in the 1246 Page Terrace neighborhood. Charbono and Sacajawea are in the officers' piroque cont aining Villanova, PA 19085 many important papers, books, instruments, etc., when it is hit by "a squawl of wind." Charbono panics, but Sacajawea remains calm. The description of this event is very vivid. It gives insight to the characters of these people. From l Recent Meeting: this incident alone, the reader feels he knows these members of the party. My dad has often expressed the desire to locate this place, and I, too, would I Washington State Lewis & Clark enjoy visiting it. It's gone, though, with the coming of civilization and the build­ Trail Committee: Committee met on ing of the Fort Peck Dam and lake. There is a place, however, a high bluff, September 8, 1979, at the Washington where I can stand where Captain William Clark stood on May 8, 1805. Lewis State Historical Society Museum Li­ recorded what Clark saw from that poin t : brary, Tacoma. Program: Committee ... he informed me that he had a perfect view of this river [the Milk River) and the business; Archie Graber reported on country through which it passed for a great distance probably 50 or 60 miles .. . 1 the 11th Annual Meeting of the na­ tional Foundation, Glasgow, MT, Au­ (Continued on facing page) gust 12-15, 1979; Mitchell Doumit dis­ cussed "The Legal Battle Over the I. "The Pines" is a local recrea tion area about 20 miles upst1·eam from Fort Peck Dam on Fort Peck Lake. This is the area where Lewis and Clark saw their first pine trees on the Missouri Hiver. Ownership of the Original Manuscript of the Field Notes of Captain William 2. The " Bear Story" referred to here, involves the May l.J, 1805 int'ident. where a single g r izzl~· bear Clark". This related to the discovery nearlv defeated 5ix ''good hunters'' after being wounded. He chased two men to their canoe, two to t he river, and the other two over a 20 foot cliff into the river. T hwaites, Hueben G. (Editor). Onginal of these Clark papers in an attic of Journals of the Leu·is ond Clark Expedition. Dodd, Mead & Co.. N.Y .. If)l)4.HJ()5, Vol. 2. p. :J4. a St. Paul, Minnesota dwelling in 1953. 3. Ibid.. Vol. 2. p. 10

-10- We Proceeded On, November 1979 This high point is located about five miles east of the town of Fort Peck; civiliza­ ~ tion has conquered it too, but it is far from ruined. The view is breath-taking, especially in spring. In the summer, it is also beautiful, and of course, fall, with I its parade of colors, can easily equal the others. Getting up there in winter would be vll:tually impossible for me. However, I'm sure that if I tried and succeeded, my efforts would be well rewarded. I'm just not quite that ambitious. The hill is now a location for T.V. towers, but the valley below has changed very little. The view is just as Clark described it; I can see for miles, including the community of Nashua and all the surrounding country. The Lewis and Clark tales I've heard aren't limited to the Valley County area though. I've been with my dad to almost every part of the state, but particularly the Fort Benton, Great Falls and Missoula areas. There is a landmark between Great Falls and Missoula near Dearborn River that Lewis saw on his return route from the Pacific. He wrote in his journal: ... we saw the Shishequaw Mountain about 8 Ms. distant immedia tely before us ... "the Shishequaw Mountain is a high insulated conic m;iuntain Standing Several miles in advance of the Eastem range of the rocky Mountains" near the Meadecine River.' Never does it fail that on a trip to or from Missoula that my dad points out that mountain, or at least one he believes is it. Eighteen days after sighting this mountain, Lewis' party is on Two Medicine River near present Cut Bank and meets up with a group of Indians. These Indians cause many problems to Lewis and his men. They steal their guns, try, and succeed, to run off some of their horses and Lewis has a close call, Liz Hahn, Glasgow High School, winner almost too close. Here he talks of the event: of youth activity Essay Contest, read her winning essay at Wednesday hmcheon. See . . . I shot him through the belly, he fell to his knees and on his wright elbow from which page 10, facing position he partly raised himself up and fired at me, and turning himself about crawled in behind a rock which was a few feet from him. He overshot me, being bearheaded I fe lt the wind of his bullet very distinctly.' Recent Meetings: The party ends up riding approximately 100 miles in one day back toward Oregon State Lewis & Clark Trail present Fort Benton to escape the Indians. Committee: Committee met on Sep­ The stories of Lewis and Clark can be enjoyed by anyone of any age. They tember 8, 1979, at the Portland Ortho­ are tales which can never grow old except in years. They hold ffavor and excite­ pedic Clinic. Program: Committee ment that can never be equalled in fiction. Ann Landers has often said, "The business; Report on progress of devel­ truth is stranger than fiction." I will certainly stand by her comment after opment of Nature Trail, etc., at Lewis all I've heard and read of Lewis and Clark. Their journals are full of misspelled and Clark State Park, east of Port­ words and grammatical mistakes, but all of this aids in the feeling of being land, near Troutdale, Oregon; Irving there. The jow·nals contain an honesty that can never be equalled. Anderson reported on the 11th Annu­ To me, Lewis and Cla1·k stand as high as any war heroes or presidents of the al Meeting of the national Founda­ past. They possessed extreme courage and bravery. We laugh at their predica­ tion. ments and sorrow at thefr tragedies and defeats. Lewis and Clark are real people Oregon Lewis & Clark Heritage and I'm proud to think they walked over this land. They marveled at its beauty Foundation (An affiliate of the Ore­ and vastness, just as I do. It gives me a feeling of excitement to stand where gon Historical Society), September 19, they once stood and see the same sights they saw. I'm glad I'm living here, 1979, at the Oregon Historical Center, close to all these things. I'm lucky to have a dad who knows all the things Beaver Hall, Portland. Program: he knows. Lewis and Clark were part of my childhood and I hope that someday Speaker, Ralph S. Mason, retired Ore­ I can take my children to the Pines and tell them the bear story, and take gon State Geologist, "Geology and the them to the hill that overlooks the Milk River so that they can see where Clark Route of the Lewis & Clark Expedi­ stood and what he saw. I hope they'll remember the stories of the cone-shaped tion"; Robert E. Lange, "Report on mountain and feel important because they do. the 11th Annual Meeting of the na­ tional Foundation, Glasgow, Mt., Au­ Although I have an older brother and sister, I know that I will be the one that Dad gives his dog-eared copy of the Lewis and Clark Jomnal. As I grow gust 12-15, 1979"; Richard G. Rust, "Review and Comments concerning up I hope that I will never leave this part of the country, but if I do, I will never be able to hear the names, Lewis and Clark, without feeling nostalgia the book "Only One Man Died .. ., by E. G. Chuinard, M.D."; "Frenchy" and recalling fond memories. Chuinard "Tells Us How He Did It".

4. Ibid.. Vol. 6, p. 27 5. Ibid.. Vol. 5. pp. 224-225. Blue Mountain Chapter, Lewis & Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, Inc.: Chapter meeting at the Cascade Meriwether Lewis,s Letter To President Natural Gas Corporation's Communi­ Jefferson About William Clark ty Room, October 2, 1979. Program: The concluding paragraph of Capt. Wm. Clark on this expedition I Chapter business; Slide Lecture by Meriwether Lewis's September 23, 1806, cannot say too much, if sir, any credit Barbara Kubik, Interpretive Assist­ letter to his President, announcing the be due to the success of the arduous en­ ant, Sacajawea State Park, Pasco, return of the Expedition to St. Louis, terprize in which we have been engaged Washington, "The Lewis & Clark Ex­ reveals this tribute to William Clark: he is equally with myself entitled to the pedition"; Slide presentation and consideration of yourself and that of our "With respect to the exertions and serv­ common country." (From original mau­ remarks related to the 11th Annual ices rendered by this estimable man script in the journals - Codex S.) Meeting of the national Foundation, by Viola and Ray Forrest.

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -11- Foundation Director Dan Murphy's address at the Eleventh Annual Banquet, August 15, 1979, Glasgow, Montana, was a delightful treat for attendees. Dan is eminently qualified to speak on the worth of the Lewis and Clark Story. He holds degrees in both history and archeology, and is a career employee for the National Park Service. Presently stationed at the Jefferson National Expansion Memori.al (Gateway Arch), in St. Louis, Dan's original responsibility at this facility was as Supervisor for the Museum of Westward Expansion, which includes the vast David Muench photommals of the Lewis and Clai·k Trail For additional contributions by Murphy to the Lewis and Clark Story, see: We Proceeded On: Vol. 5, No. 3, p. 4; Vol. 4, No. 1, p. 11; and Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 7. Dan's previous assignments with the National Park Service have been in Utah, Arizona, Wyoming, and New Mexico. Dan was elected a Foundation Director at the Eleventh Annual Meeting in Glasgow. In this new role, he has undertaken the challenge " ... to assist in getting the Gateway Arch back into harness as the national Foundation headquarters, or at least established as a clearing house for Foundation activities." Answering the editor's request for a recapitulation of his spontaneous and thought-provoking commentary for publication in We Proceeded On, Dan has responded with the text that follows.

The Corps of Discovery: "A Roaring Good Story" Awaiting Rediscovery By Dan Mmphy

" . .. if we can tell the roaring good story to more people, and goodness knows the Expedition needs no exaggeration to be that, then those who discover the richness that is theirs to claim will become supporters of the study of the past . . . and maybe even become members of the Lewis & Clark Trail Heritage Foundation!"

The Gateway Arch in St. Louis is the Santa Fe Trail ... The leader's name past, and not repeat mistakes." I be­ nation's monument to the westward was "Lewisohn Clark" (Historian lieved this, wrote it down on test expansion of the American people, so Donald Jackson tells of a history papers and, later, even taught it. But of course the Museum of Westward teacher he had who must have had I've begun to question this too neat, Expansion beneath the Arch has a William Clark's brother, George too easy answer. It should be true; good deal to say about the Lewis and Rogers Clark, in mind, and therefore, maybe it even could be true, but I am Clark Expedition. (This includes espe­ talked about the "Rogers and Clark no longer sure it is true. It is hard to cially the huge photomural by David Expedition") ... Remember Dean think of actual instances where a na­ Muench, which forms an entire wall Martin and Jerry Lewis, motion pic­ tion, about to take some action in the over 600 feet long and for which, this ture and television comedians? One grip of a sweeping national passion, year, David received the Me1itorious visitor asked about the "Martin and stopped and said: "Now wait a min­ Achievement Award from the Lewis Lewis Expedition" ... A traveling ex­ ute, two thousand yeru·s ago Greece and Clark Trail Heritage Founda­ hibit from the Smithsonian Institute got into trouble this way." Besides, in tion.) We also have an excellent mo­ praised black York's value as a swim­ the specific instance of the Lewis and tion picture on the construction of mer, fisherman, and translator of the Clark Expedition which is so special the Arch. Near the end of the film the French language . . . And of course to us in the Foundation I have trouble narration draws a parallel between there is a whole elaborate, annotated picking out a "lesson" that has much the "venture into the unknown" of mythology of Sacagawea, a romance application to my life today. the building of the Arch, and that of resplendent with theme and varia­ the Lewis and Clark. Expedition. I tions, authenticated by "best-seller­ The same difficulty applies, it seems think that it is a good piece of com­ ness". (What a sadness, -that these to me, to much of the information mentary, myself, but not too Jong ago years of demeaning mythology have generated by the Expedition, great a visitor came away from viewing the obscured a woman who was, in fact, . though the revelations were. The film very much impressed with the quite remarkable.) modern auto-tourist had best not use genius of Meriwether Lewis - who he It comes as a shock to me, and I ex­ the Expedition to find a route to the thought had designed the Arch' pect to most of us who ru·e Lewis and Pacific! And maps, geological infor­ Unfortunately this is not an isolated Clark enthusiasts, to realize that mation, and the botany and zoology example of the paucity of the public's quite literally most of the country's of the trip have long been superseded knowledge of the great Expedition. I school children have at best a twisted by dissertations cranked out by an asked some of our rangers here and version of Lewis and Clark, and a army of graduate students on all of at Fort Clatsop' about t hings they huge number have never even heard those subjects. (Of course the infor­ had overhea1·d from visitors. Did you of the Expedition! I suppose that this mation reported by the Expedition know that Lewis was killed on the Ex­ is not culpable. There is no "ought" still is enormously valuable as to what pedition? ... That they returned by to history that requires others to be was, especially in ethnology, and hap­ ship ... That ther e were massive interested in the same things we are, piiy is much used. But this is not the pitched battles with Indians (This and, as far as I know, St. Peter does sort of lesson my high school teacher probably came from an awful movie not give pop quizzes as a prerequisite said history would provide.) I saw on the late, late show awhile for entry at the Pearly Gates. But This does not mean that history has back, which pictured such battles. what a grievous Joss it is, that some­ been just a quirk of our educational That movie skimped not only in re­ one should live in a world that started system, actually of little value and to search but on location shooting too - merely when he was born. be replaced by courses in welding and no matter how far the Expedition It seems to me that this is one of the economics. It is just that history's traveled, the distinctive Teton Moun­ great functions of history: to realize greatest use is more subtle and subjec­ tains were always in the background!) the stream of which we are a part. tive than we were taugh t, maybe so . . . The Expedition discovered the This is not the normal definition of subjective that an educational system obsessed with quantification and I. The winter esi-ahli5hment fur the Experlit ion. history. Back in high school they told December 7. 1805 to March 23. 1806. near Astoria. me-that the reason for studying histo­ technology had to invent a more con­ Oregon. ry was so we could "learn from the crete justification for it. The

-12- We Proceeded On, November 1979 g1:eatness of the Lewis and Clark Ex­ me to be a problem area is about all October 17-20, 1979, San Diego, pedition lies not in matters of the I have to offer. Some directions ap­ presented him with their "Award of mind, but of the heart and spirit. For pear more hopeful than others, Merit". Although he attended the an isolated human, like a single bee, though. There is a special niche here meeting, he was unable to stay for the is an incomplete creature, his insights for the amateur, who might not be so award ceremony, since he found it and adventures crippled by lack of bogged down in the arcane as a profes­ necessary to rush to Iowa State Uni­ reach. And he can be isolated not only sional might become. The capabilities versity, his alma mater, who also hon­ in space as a rock in the desert that of modern communications should be ored him with a special award. In 1978 cannot know what is over the next of help, if we can figure out how to the University had honored him with hill, but also in time. To imagine that get access to the media and use them their "Distinguished Achievement the world began when I was born! effectively. Government agencies - I Award". In a letter to the editor, Paul Missing is the rich panorama of think the National Park Service espe­ Cutright, referring to his good friend's human experience that preceded me, cially (I'm biased), but increasingly, multiple awards, remarked: "I can as humans in many climates and cul­ other agencies as well - are beginning think of lots of poor mortals who tures explored and invented, exam­ to help. And I do not think that focus­ would like to be embarrassed similar­ ined the forest and tried to conquer ing more energy on information dis­ ly!" Congratulations, Don, from all it. semination will harm the more tradi­ your fellow members in the Founda­ tional role of research, for there are tion. Circumstances change and while it is true that the Expedition's Cruzatte so many involved, skilled "self­ and Shannon and Pryor and York starters", many in this very organiza­ tion, that basic studies will not suffer. In Our Feb. 1980 Issue never saw a man walk on the moon, it is also true that I will never see a Rather if we can tell the "roaring continent without a track, or a river good story" to more people, and goodness knows the Expedition needs whose course is unknown, animal no exaggeration to be that, then those herds without end and plants without names. It is unlikely that I will pit my who discover the richness that is strength and skill against a mountain theirs to claim will become supporters range without possibility of help, or of the study of the past ... and maybe even become members of the Lewis trust my life to a dugout in rapids to and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation! be the first downstream. But our spe­ cies is special. Unlike any other we can use the magic of things remem­ Donald Jackson Involved bered to join ourselves to the great In A ward "Doubleheader" body of experience that has occurred on the thin skin of this planet. I am Foundation Director and eminent not isolated , a 180 pound biological Americana historian Donald Jackson, quirk, a bee without a hive; rather I Colorado Springs, in addition to his am heir to incredible richness. I shar e Rocky Mountain Bear problem (see in the exploring party's young Shan­ picture story), has another problem. non, lost and slapping mosquitoes How do you arrange to be in two along the Missouri; in Lewis discover­ places, California and Iowa, at nearly John G. Lepley, Fort Benton, Mt., ing the Great Falls; in the sudden ex­ the same time? Don says that it is em­ will provide an insight to sculptor hileration of going downstream - barrasing! The Western History Asso­ Scriver's historical artistry related to Downstream! On the C learwater! - ciation during their Annual Meeting, Montana's Lewis & Clark Memorial. after two summers of toiling upstream on the Missouri and Jefferson Rivers; Another Bear Story even their experiences with cactus spines, food after hunger, and some things left unsaid. But this all might as well not exist to the person who never heard of it; the brute fact is, for too many of our fellow citizens, the Lewis and Clark Expedition does not exist, and the loss is not less for being unmissed by them. It is an unclaimed heritage. History is not like an electronic invention, which may be of use to everyone even though just a few people understand how it works; the benefits of history do not come until knowledge itself has percolated to the public. And it seems to me that we in history have been doing a much better job of generating history, than in disseminating it. If history is to add to the richness to Foundation Director Don Jackson, from his mountain retreat 7500 feet above lives that it is capable of, those of us sea level in the Colorado Rockies, sends this communication: "Please rush any lucky enough to be involved with it information you have on .the avoidance of bears. This guy, a year old male must find mechanisms to let it spread. who hasn't found his own territory yet, has been here twice. The second time I admit that I do not have answers he presented this picture opportunity." The next dispatch from the high rockies for this. Pointing out what appears to may provide additional "Bear" facts!

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -13- The Expedition And The Inclement Weather Of November - December 1805 By Robert E. Lange1

"about 12 o'C/.ock the wind shifted about to the N. W. dnd blew with great violence for the remainder of the day at many times it blew for 15 or 20 minits with such violence that I expected every moment to see trees taken up by the roots, some were blown down. Those squals were suckceeded by rain O! how Tremendious is the day .. . O! how disagreeable is our Situation during this dreadful weather." Captain William Clark, Journal for November 28, 1805.'

"There is more wet weather on this coast, than I ever knew in any other place." Sergeant Patrick Gass, Journal for December 5, 1805.'

[When on an assignment to bring in some game killed by the hunters] "Se1jeant Ordway, three Men' & myself were among those that had lost themselves. W e were obliged to stay out during the night. It rained all that night & the wind blew very cold & being without fire, we suffered considerably both from the Rain & wind." Private Joseph Whitehouse, Journal for December 15, 1805.'

In the minds of some members of the Beacon Rock (present Skamania of this exceptional group of individu­ Lewis and Clark exploring party, the County, Washington). The rainy sea­ als to face-up to every situation, and months of November and December son started four days later while at to continue to proceed on! (See map.) 1805, with virtually continuous rain their encampment on the west bank On November 10th, they made two at­ and attendant inclement weather, of the river (near today's city of Ran­ tempts to go around today's Point El­ may have been far more disagreeable ier, Oregon). During a rainy No­ lice (Sergeant Gass 's " Bluster y and difficult to endure than many of vember 7th, near Pillar Rock on the Point"). In the morning the fu·st try the unpleasant experiences of their I).orth (Washington) shore and the was thwar ted by winds and waves so long journey. The toil of rowing, pol­ upper estuary of the river, Clark re­ high that they retreated two miles to ing, and towing of their equipment­ corded: "We a.re in view of the open­ the lee of the point. When the tide loaded vessels on the Missouri; the ing of the Ocian, which creates Great turned the second attempt met with triumph over Lemhi and Lost Trail Joy!" the same problems. Clark wrote: passes; the nearly disasterous crossing of the Bitterroot Mountains; and the In all of the journals of the Expedi­ . .. we again unloaded the canoes, and tion, nowhere do we find any one word sometimes hazardous descent of the stowed the loading on a rock above the Clearwater, Snake, and Columbia to be as repetitious as the word rain, tide water, and formed a camp on the Drift Logs which appeared to be the only Rivers had tested the men to the which appears most frequently in this section of the documentation. Cap­ situation we could find .. .the hills being limits of their physical endurance. tain Clark's journal from November either a perpendicular clift, or Steep as­ But the unrelenting, torrential rain, 7th to the 31st of December, contains sent, rising about 500 feet. Our canoes we spawned by the winter storms en­ Secured as well as we could. We are all fifty-five daily entries (for some dates wet, the rain having continued all countered at the estuary of the Co- he provided both a " First Draft" and 1um bia River and at t heir Fort day ...we employed our Selves drying our "Second Draft"). Of this total, in Clatsop during the final months of blankets. nothing to eat but dried pound­ forty-two en tries, his first sentence 1805, created for them a contrasting ed fish, which we brought from the falls.' contains the word "rain", and five psychological situation that severely times it is the first word in his docu­ Here in this makeshift encampment, challenged their inner strengths. mentation. the Expedition was immobilized from the evening of November 10th According to the journals, the rains From November 7th to November through the 14th. It stormed and the commenced falling on November 5, 25th, during the time the Expedition 1805. The explorers had encountered rain fell without intermission. In this was on the north (now Washington) tide-water on November 1st on the inclement weather, they were com­ Columbia River below the Cascades shore, the typical series of storms, pelled to make their camp upon the (their "Great shute") and opposite common for this time of the year, driftwood lo gs, which rose and fell blowing from out of the southwest with the tides. Because of the great brough t not only torrents of rain, but quantities of rain, loose stones from l. Fifth President of the Foundation; Editor, We hail, thunder and lightning, and rough the steep hillside began to break away Proceeded 011. seas even in the estuary. In their and roll down upon them and their small dugout canoes some of t h e 2. Thwaites. Reuben G. (Editor); Original Jo11r- baggage and canoes. The morning of 11als of the Leim~ and Clarli Expedition. Dodd, party suffered from seasickness. T he the 12th included a violent thunder Mead & Co. . N.Y., 1904. Reprint editions: Anti­ water in the river was too brackish for storm, more rain and some hail. So quarian P ress, N.Y., 1959; Arno P res,;, N.Y., 1969. drinking, and the narrow shoreline concerned were they about their safe­ Vol. 3, pp. 254-255. below the steep bluffs hardly permit­ ty, t hat they moved thei1· camp about 3. M<· Keehan, Dadd (Editor); A Joumal of the ted them space to establish their a half-mile to a marshy bottom, at the Voyages and Trr11 •els of a Co1ps of Discorery. ... camps. With all their problems, let us mouth of a small stream. The terrain (the title page reads: " By P atrick Gass - One take note of Clark's journal and this was impossible for hunting, but the of the Persons Employed by the Expedition". M(' Keehnn prnclucecl t his paraphrastiL· version from statement: G a ~· original journal which is not extant.) 111 the ... nothwithstanding the disagrneable (Continued - facing page) Ross & Haines. Minneapolis. 1958 ed ition. p. 208. Situation of ou r party, all wet and cold for Severa l days past, they are chearfu 11 4. Thwaites. op. cit.. Vol. 3, p. 281. Clark prnvides and a nxious to See further into the 6. T hwaites. 11p. cit.. Vol. 3. p. 21:1-2 14. the names: Coher. Collins, and Ml'Neal. Ocian ...and at this dismal point we must 7. l/1id.. Vol. :J. 1>. 2 15. 'T'ht• !'alls reforred iu are & 5. Newbe rr~· Lilll' a r~· "Spt"dal Collections", Chi­ spend another night, as the wind wa ves their "Great Falls ol' the Columbia ... later Celi lo cago, transcripl , Jl. :J:!.5. See a lso: WPO. Vol. 2, are loo high to proceed.' Palls. n ow i11unda1e el h.v the wa1ers of Th~ Dalles No. 4. ll. 10. Fn. I . Such was the spirit and determination D am. -14- We Proceeded On, November 1979 small stream did reward their fisher­ was scarce, their supplies and baggage Point). At this location another storm men with thirteen salmon and three were wet, and they were on the ex­ bad them pinned down from No­ small trout. Clark further describes posed shoreline at the mercy of the vember 27th to December 7th. While their dilemma: continuing stormy weather. the main party was detained here, It wou ld be distressing to a feeling person A " ...co nsultation with the entire Captain Lewis and a party of five" to see our situation at this time all wet party... " described in Sergeant Gass's proceeded westward in a small canoe. and cold with our bedding &c. also wet, journal appears from Cla1·k's journal, Passing the site of the future city of in a cove scercely large [e]nough to con­ for November 24th, to have been an Astoria, Oregon, they entered and crossed t heir "Meriwether Bay" (now tain us, our Baggage in a sma.11 holler actual vote to determine where they about 1h mile from us, and canoes at the Youngs Bay), and then ascended the would establish their winter quarters. mercey of the waves & drift wood, we local Indians' "Netul River" (now the Reports from the Indians in the vicin­ have secured them as well as it is possible Lewis and Clark River). About three ity revealed that there was a more by sinking them and wa teing them down miles above the mouth of this water­ abundant supply of game on the with ston es to prevent the emence way they located the site where they [waves] dashing them to pieces against south (Oregon) shore. This and the would construct their Fort Clatsop. the rocks. a prospect of protection from storms and other important considerations The construction of Fort Clatsop re­ The journals elaborate on how fortu­ were instrumental in their decision to quired the major part of the month nate they were not to have had freez­ cross the river. On November 25th, of December, and much of the work ing weather, since their robes and they backtracked upstream to Pillar was done in the incessant rain. Their clothes, particularly those made of Rock and camped for the night. '0 On tents, made from bides and skins, hides, had rotted, and nearly half of the 26th, they crossed the river which were to provide them with tem­ their clothing had become unusable. through the many islands to the porary shelter had· rotted and were in­ On November 15th, during a break in sou th shore to an Indian village near effective. The finished fort gave them the weather, they succeeded in getting the present day community of Knap­ dry, warm quarters, but the wet around Point Ellice and established a pa, Oregon . The campsite for t h e weather seldom ceased. night of November 26th was about camp near present day Fort Colum­ On J anuary 3, 1806, the first sentence eight miles west of this Indian village bia, Washington. They remained at in Clark's journal begins with an op­ on the south bank of what today's this location for ten days, and during timistic note concerning the weather. that time visited the actual seacoast rivermen refer to as Prairie Channel. His text reads: adj aqmt t o Cape Disappoint­ (See map.) "The Sun rose fair this morning for ment! Fuel was not plentiful, game On the next afternoon they arrived at the first time in Six weeks past... ", 8. Ibid., Vo l. 3, pp. 217-218. their "Point William" (now Tongue 9. Lewis, with Drouillard, Frazer, Joseph and but alas! the balance of bis sentence Reuben Field, on November 16th and 17th. Clark, reads: " . .. the Clouds soon obscured with Sergeant Pryor, Sergeant Ordway, Joseph 10. The Captains considered it too dangerous to (Continued on page 16) and Reuben Field, Shannon, Colter, Bratton, cross the storm-tossed open water of the estuary, Wiser, Charboneau, and York, on November 18th probably took advantage of a running tide to the 11. Drouillard, Shannon, Colter, Reuben Field, and 19th. (Thwaites; Vol. 3, pp. 221, 230.) point upstream in more sheltered water. and Labiche.

Geographic Landmarks And Expedition Campsites At The Estuary Of The Columbia River (Fort Columbia shown on the map dates to the late 1890's)

N (.• T 0

roon fUICf ~P.r, .

l.T ;,t, TJ

········FOOT TRAVE L A CAMPSITES • PRESENT TOWNS

0

F.-om Lewis 0 11d Glo ri,• in the For/ Columbia Area. B.v .John M. McClelland .J1'., Tribune PublL

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -15- (Continued from page 15) Crooked Creek Now Sacagawea River it from our view, and a Shower of rain Prompted by research and the desire miles above that river's confluence Suckceeded." to commemorate the l 75th anniver­ with the Missouri. sary of the Expedition's Captains When the party was preparing to Regarding the "Muscle Shell" River, naming a Montana waterway for the leave for the return journey on March see Thwaites, Vol. 2, p. 51. For refer­ Indian woman, Sacagawea, the Unit­ 23, 1806, Clark manifests his grate­ ence_to Sacagawea's activity during fulness for what good had happened ed States Board On Geographic the boat capsizing incident, see Names has taken favorable action even though there had been many Thwaites, Vol. 2, p. 37. The journal toward the restoration of the name. trials and misfortunes, and again he entry pertaining to the naming of the refers to the rain: In a May 7, 1979 letter, Ms. Kay Ste­ river appears in Thwaites, Vol. 2, p. " ...at this place [Fort Clatsop] we had vens Hartsen, Williamson, New York, 52. In their announcement of the wintered and remained from the 7th of a free-lance writer who made the pro­ name change for the waterway, the Dec'r. 1805 to this day [March 23, 1806] posal in August 1978, was informed by Board indicated that in their "Deci­ and have lived as well as we had any right Donald J. Orth, Executive Secretary, sion List No. 7902", they were also to expect, and we can say that we were Domestic Geographic Names division clarifying, for reasons of uniformity, never one day without 3 meals of some of the Board, that, at their April 1979 the spelling for the mountain peak, 15 kind. . . either pore Elk meat or roots, not meeting, they had taken favorable ac­ miles northwest of Bozeman, Mon­ withstanding the repeated fall of rain which has fallen almost constantly since tion with respect to her proposal. tana, named foi- the Indian woman in 1 we passed the long narrows on the [blank Orth's letter in referring to the water­ 1903. With respect to this, the pub­ space in M.S.] of Nov'r. last" indeed we way designated on current maps as lished decision will read as follows: have had only [blank space in M.8.]" Crooked River stated: days· fair weather since that time."" SACAGAWEA PEAK: Peak, Elevation SACAGA WEA RIVER: stream 105 km 2946 m (9,665 ft.), in the Bridger Range Such were the characteristics of the (65 mi) long, heads at 47° 21' 50" N, 108° 24.1 km (15 mi) NNE of Bozeman; named weather during the months the Expe­ 54' 30" W, flows east to Fort Peck Lake for the Shoshone Indian woman who ac­ dition was on the estuary of the Co­ 80 km (50 mi) WNW of Jordan; named companied the Lewis and Clark Expedi­ lumbia River and at Fort Clatsop in by William Clark and Meriwether Lewis tion through this area in 1805 [sic - 1805-1806. Today, individuals who live for the [Expedition's] Shoshone Indian 1806]; Gallatin Co., Mont.; sec. 27, T 2 in or frequent this region understand Woman guide [?], Sacagawea, after she N , R 6 E, Principal Mer.; 45° 53' 45" N , something of what they experienced salvaged important items from the Mis­ 110° 58' 02" W. Not: Sacajawea Peak, Sa­ and wrote about. But can we really souri River after one of the expedition's kagawia Peak. boats capsized; Fergus and Petroleum visualize what it would be like with­ The Foundation acknowledges and out shelter, without food, without Cos., Mont.; sec. 36, T 20 N, R 29 E, Principal Mer.; 47° 27' 12" N, 107° 57' appreciates the United States Board fires, and dry clothes and footwear, 45" W. Not: Bird Woman's River, On Geographic Names recognition of day after day in the rain and cold? Crooked Creek, Sah cab ger we-ah River. Expedition related landmarks, and Lewis and Clark and their party were further commends their decision to tough, strong, determined, brave, and Prior to the construction of the Fort apply the recognized and correct resourceful! Faithful to the Peck Dam the stream flowed into the spelling of the Indian woman's name. Meriwether family heraldry, "Vi et Musselshell (the Expedition's "Shell" Consilio" (By Strength and By Judge­ or "Muscle Shell") River, about five l. See WPO, Vol. 5, No. 2, P . 11, Fn. 13. ment),1' they had by overland explo­ ration, joined a fledgling United States to the western ocean, thereby setting the stage for the fullfillment of Thomas Jefferson's dream for a transcontinental nation.

12. Some confusion here! T he E xpedit ion's "Lo ng N arrows" are d ocu me nted in detail on Clark's sketch map titled : "A Sketch of the L on g and Sh ort Na rrows of the Columbia " (Thwaites, op. cit., Vol. 3, facing p. 158. ) The exploring party was in this region from October 22-27, 1805, and t h e journa ls repm1 rain a nd wind on Oct ober 28th. If these are t he dates t hat fa iled to be in­ cluded in t he manuscript. Clark's use of the ver­ bage". ..of Nov'r. last . . ." is in error!

13. If Clark intended to count the number of days that it did n ot rain and insert that information in the manuscript, h e did not make such a recapit ­ ulat ion. A careful reading of the journa ls will ac­ count for seven or e igh t days of reasona ble weather. It m a~· be concluded from Cla rk's de ­ sc1iption of t he panorama of the seacoast to the north a nd south as o bserved from the 1136' sum - mit ofTillamook Head (the Exp edition's "Clark's Poin t of View"), just south of today's Seaside, Oregon, t ha t the Captain and his party experi­ en ced fair weather when t he~' traversed t his head­ land (Jan. 8- 10, 1806) on the journey to the b eached whale.

14. T hwaite>, op . l'il ., Vol. 4. p. 197.

15. T he Latin m ot to from the M eriweth er (ma ­ te rna l) family heraldry or coat of arms . Also translated as " B y Force a nd By Counsel". See W PO Vol. :3 , No. 4, p. 13.

-16- We Proceeded On, November 1979 Editor Announces New Edition Of The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition University of Nebraska - American Philosophical Society To Co-sponsor Project Ten Volumes To Be Developed Over Nine Year Period To Update Thwaites Edition

By Gary E. Moulton, Editor, Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition

It has been twelve years since Donald Heritage Foundation have agreed to cursive, but considerable attention Jackson called for a new edition of the serve on an advisory board for the will be focused on cartography, geog­ journals of the Lewis and Clark expe­ project. Thus, it is fortunate that the raphy, botany, zoology, ethnology, dition in an address before the centen­ project will have the expertise and in­ and other sciences that were such a nial meeting of the Missouri Histori­ terest of Jackson, Paul Russell Cut­ part of this great event in American cal Society. The Thwaites edition, right, and Mildred Goosman. history. The editor is currently mak­ published in 1904-05, has been a ing general preliminary decisions superb tool for studying the expedi­ In short, the project is sponsored by about the nature and extent of the tion, but it has suffered increasingly a recognized educational institution annotation. Such annotation will be in recent years as new manuscripts on the Plains, has the encouragement more comprehensive than earlier of all the manuscripts repositories, have been discovered and much new Lewis and Clark editions whose edi­ information has become available. has secured the services of a well­ tors did not have the rich variety of Aided by Jackson, the Center for known Western Americana publisher, sources at their disposal. More conso­ and has appointed an editor to direct Great Plains Studies of the University nant with the anticipated direction of the project. of Nebraska, Lincoln, has now under­ the project is the type of annotation taken the project to publish an entire­ The Journals of the Lewis and Clark found in more recent publications, ly new edition of the journals. Expedition will be a comprehensive, such as Ernest S. Osgood, The Field unabridged edition of all extant jour­ Notes of William Clark (New Haven: nals of members of the party. The Yale University Press, 1964), and Since most of the original manu­ original maps and herbarium speci­ Jackson, editor, Letters of the Lewis scripts are held by the American mens also will be published as sepa­ and Clark Expedition (Urbana: Uni­ Philosophical Society in Philadelphia, rate volumes. An edition of ten vol­ versity of Illinois Press, 1962, 2nd ed., it was absolutely essential that this umes is projected to be published over 1978). institution be a partner to the present a period of nine years. program. Fortunately, the Society not The format for the volumes of the only has endorsed the project and journals has not been definitely estab­ agreed to act as co-sponsor, but also The principal goal of the editorial lished. The present tendency is to fol­ will lend the considerable resources of staff is to present the user with a de­ low the basic plan used by Thwaites, its library and archives to the proj­ fin itive text and with footnotes which which was to publish individual ect's staff. Other institutions which will clarify and expand upon the journals separately, with Lewis's and hold Lewis and Clark material have manuscript. Rendering the journals Clark's materials placed together, but also been contacted, and they too into printer's copy will be a difficult other journals printed independently. have offered their valuable collections task, with new decisions to be made It would, perhaps, be presumptuous for study and publication. at practically every journal entry. to overt urn this time-honored formu­ Readers may be assured that the ec­ la. A commitment has come from the centric and delightful spelling and University of Nebraska Press to pub­ I know you look forward with me to punctuation of the Lewis and Cla1·k lish the new edition, and the project the exciting prospects of this enter­ party will not be altered. The writing has the endorsement of the National prise and the added interest such a of non-expeditionary members, such Historical Publications and Records project must generate in Lewis and as Nicholas Biddle and Elliott Coues, Commission, the overseer of nu­ Clark. Let us hope this project fosters who set remarks on journal pages, will merous scholarly editions of this na­ a broadened knowledge and sparks a be indicated in some appropriate way. ture across the country. Several new enthusiasm for the expedition members of the Lewis and Clark Trail The footnotes will be full but not dis- and its illustrious members.

THE FOUNDATION NEEDS THE CONTINUED INTEREST AND ENCOURAGEMENT OF LEWIS AND CLARK ENTHUSIASTS ON A NATION-WIDE BASIS. WE HOPE, IF YOU ARE NOT ALREADY A MEMBER, THAT YOU WILL CONSIDER LENDING YOUR SUPPORT TO THE FOUNDATION. IF YOU REQUIRE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, A PROSPECTUS DESCRIBING THE FOUNDATION, TOGETHER WITH A MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION, WILL BE FORWARDED PROMPTLY. ADDRESS YOUR REQUEST TO THE SECRETARY, IRVING W. ANDERSON, P.O. BOX LC196, LEWIS AND CLARK COLLEGE, PORTLAND, OREGON 97219.

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -17- Up-Dating Lewis & Clark whether he writes about the great Omaha-Sioux City To Doctor Edward Jenner or a common Literature - Book Review yarb doctor, the author holds to his Be 1980 Meeting Site By Bob Saindon1 theme and interweaves every fiber into the Lewis and Clark tapestry. Foundation Director Mildred Goos­ ONLY ONE MAN DIED: The Medi­ man, Omaha, Nebraska, speaking also cal Aspects of the Lewis and Clark When dealing with the Expedition's medical aspects, the competence of for Foundation 2nd Vice President V. Expedition, By Eldon G. Chuinard, Strode Hinds, Sioux City, Iowa, ex­ M.D., The Arthur H. Clark Co., Glen­ the officers as physicians is an utmost tended the invitation to members to dale, CA, 1979. 444 pages, 18 illustra­ consideration. Could the life of Ser­ attend the Foundation's Twelfth An­ tions, Appendices, Bibliography, geant Charles Floyd have been saved nual Meeting. The 1980 meeting will Index. $29.00 if a degreed physician had accompan­ ied the explorers? The author be co-hosted by Foundation members Not one man of the Lewis and Clark presents his own conclusion in a con­ and historical organizations in Ne­ party had a medical degree, yet, braska and Iowa. The invitation and vincing manner. However, a related through numerous predicaments for announcement was made at the enigma still lingers: Was Sergeant which today we would readily sum­ Eleventh Annual Banquet, Glasgow, Floyd in good health prior to the Montana. mon a medical specialist, "doctors" onset of the Expedition? The author Lewis and Clark brought their men concludes that he was, while at the Mildred has advised We Proceeded back strong and in good. health - same time deliberately presenting the On that the arinual meeting dates Only One Man Died. reader with information that makes have been set for August 20, 21, and Amputations, snakebites, blood-let­ the author's conclusion questionable. 22, 1980 (Wednesday, Thursday and ting, severe frostbite, deep knife There are a few minor editorial prob­ Friday). Headquarters will be in wounds, punctures, and gunshot lems such as the spelling of Eva Omaha. On August 21st attendees will wounds, all in a wilderness setting Emery Dye's middle name, and in one journey (about 60 miles) for a visit to susceptible to lethal infections, and place "MacNeal" for McNeal. Saca­ the Sergeant Charles Floyd Monu­ yet . . . Only One Man Died. gawea is reported as having been a ment' and a luncheon in nearby Sioux City, Iowa. Near starvation, poisonings, venereal " . . . captive-slave among the .. . Man­ diseases, high fevers, severe dysentery, dans . . . " rather than among the Hi­ Other events, including a visit to the and numerous unexplained illnesses datsa; and it is the author's passing Joslyn Art Museum, will be an­ plagued the explorers thousands of conjecture that Lewis may have col­ nounced in subsequent issues of We miles from any degreed medical doc­ laborated with Benjamin Franklin Proceeded On. Readers are reminded tor, and yet ... Only One Man Died. while in Philadelphia in 1803, howev­ that for thirty yeai·s Mildred Goos­ er, this is quite impossible since Dr. man was a staff member of the Joslyn What were the general medical prac­ Franklin died in 1790. But these, and Museum, and most recently, prior to tices of the time? What were Army a few other editorial slips, are not sub­ retirement, she was curator of the medical practices? What were Indian stantive and do little to detract from Western Collections at the Museum. medical practices? And, what were the book's theme. The collections include the famous Lewis and Clark's medical practices? Author E. G. Chuinard, M.D., is clini­ Maxmillian-Bodmer art work, pur­ The answers to these questions have cal Professor of Orthopaedics at the chased in 1962 for the Joslyn Museum never before been so deeply re­ University of Oregon Medical School, by the Northern Natural Gas Com­ searched and articulately presented and past president of the Oregon pany of Omaha. (See WPO, Vol. 3, No. specifically for Lewis and Clark en­ Medical Association. He is past presi­ 4, pp 8-9.) thusiasts as in the recent book ONLY dent of the Lewis and Clark Trail 1. Sergeant Charles Floyd. one of three sergeants ONE MAN DIED: The Medical Heritage Foundation, Inc., and chair­ for the Experlihon, died and was buried near th e Aspects of the Lewis and Clark Expe­ man of the Oregon Lewis and Clark pre!:ient site of Sioux Cit~·, Iowa, on Aub'USt 20, dition. Trail Committee. His sophisticated 1804. The 100 foot high white stone obelisk was erected in lfJ00-1901 on the 125 foot high Floyds Besides the many fascinating tradi­ backgrnund comes to light in this Bluff overlooking the Missouri River. scholarly treatise, yet, this sophistica­ tions I"elating to the Expedition that tion and scholarship are revealed in the author has researched and incor­ a writing style that lends itself to easy porated into his book, he has present­ ed excellent background information reading. Understandably there are a The Editor and the Founda­ on the various men responsible for tu­ certain number of t erms that are not tion's Publications Committee toring Captain Lewis in the practice common to the layman, but, in con­ welcome manuscripts dealing of medicine. text, most of these are comprehensi­ with the many aspects of the ble. ONLY ONE MAN DIED is truly Lewis and Clark Expedition for One would think that such diversified a unique book in that it holds a fasci­ publication in We Proceeded information would be disjointed. This nation for amateur and professional On. is not the case. Whether he writes historian alike. about diseases brought into t his Manuscripts (typew1itten-dou­ Doctor Chuinarcl has done such a su­ country by the Europeans in the 16th ble spaced) may be forwarded to perb job of guiding the reader afresh the Editor or to any member of and 17th centuries, Revolu tional"y or on the historic voyage of discovery Civil War medical prac tices, or the Publications Committee that it would seem approp1iate to ap­ (addresses are listed in the Pub­ I. Incumbent President of the Foundation and praise his efforts as Lewis appraised lisher's Plate on page 2). As a a resident of Gln5gow. Monl'ana. President Sain­ Clark in a letter to Thomas Jefferson: don has l'Ontl'ihuted featurl' articles to Hle Pro­ non-profit entity, neither the ceeded On. See WPO. Vol. 2. No . l. pp. (i-8; Vol. "With rispect to the exertions and Foundation nor We Proceeded :J, No. 3. pp. 4-f;: \·\lPO. Pu/Jlirnlion No. I (Supple­ services rendered by that esteemable On, is in a position to offer hon­ mentary Publit:alinnL "'The \Vhi te Pirogue of the man . . . in the course of the late orariums for published manu­ Lewis and Clark Expeditio n ... t ran!-ic1ipt of an 2 ad dress presen1ecl at the Eighlh Annual Meeting voyage I cannot say too much ..." scripts. Contributors will re­ ol"the Foundatio n, Great Falls, Mt. . Augu st lfl76; 2 . .Jarkson. Donald (Editor). Leffers of the Lewis ceive ten copies of the issue in [n this issue: '"President Saindon's Message": and Clari? Expedition. u•ilh Related Ducumeuls. which their article is published. (Editorial) "Our New President - Boh Saindon ". Univ. of Illinoi" Pres.o; , UrhaM. lfl62. p p. :J23-:J24.

-18- We Proceeded On, November 1979 scapes, trompe l'oeil still lifes, and water Copies of Rare 1814 Map Available From colors. He was a founder, with Charles Willson Peale, of The Columbianum, or American Philosophical Society American Academy of Fine Arts in 1795. In 1796 and 1797 he made maps of the Northwest Territory and of the United The American Philosophical Society order form and prospectus published States for t he publisher Mathew Carey; 2 Library, custodian of the origin a l cop­ by the Philadelphia Society. with Aaron Arrowsmith he prepared the per plate for "The Map of Lewis & maps for A New and Elegant General This map was the frontispiece of the Atlas, which was published in 1804 and Clark's Track", has a llowed one "Biddle edition" of the History of the Ex­ reprinted several times; and in 1811 he hundred and sixty copies to be made pedition under the command of Captains exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of this rare and interesting map, Lewis and Clark, prepared by Paul Allen of Fine A1ts two sheets of a large map which was copied from William [but edited by Nicholas Biddle] and pub­ of the United States which he had Clark's manuscript map provided to lished by Bradford & Inskeep in 1814. It prepared for publication. The American editor Nicholas Biddle in 1810.' was chawn by Captain Clark, copied by Philosophical Society employed him to Samuel Lewis, and engraved by Samuel letter names on certificates of member­ One hundred and fifty restrikes will Harrison. The original copper plate is in ship, for he was an expert calligrapher. be available for sale to Lewis and possession of the American Philosophical In addition to redrawing Clark's map, Clark enthusiasts a nd collectors. Sell­ Society of Philadelphia (as is the official Lewis received $20.50 from Bradford & ing price is $75.00, of which $60.00 is manuscript journal of the expedition). Inskeep "for making Sundry Alterations a contribution to the Society's From the plate 160 numbered impressions in plates" - possibly the smaller maps in Friends of the Library, American (on French a ll-rag BFK Rives paper) the History of the Expedition ... Philosophical Society, 105 Sou th were taken in June-July 1979 by Peter Lister, printmaker of Philadelphia. Of Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Samuel Harrison (c. 1789-1818) was the these 150 were offered to collectors and son of a skilled English engraver who mi­ We transcribe below the information, institutions. grated in 1749 to Pennsylvania, where he was employed as engraver of bank notes concerning t h is treasured m ap and [Readers will find biographical material for the Bank of Pennsylvania. Harrison t h e individuals in volved wit h its origi­ and the story of Nicholas Biddle and served his apprenticeship to his father. In nal production, as provided in the Paul Allen's part in the publication of the 1809 he engraved a line map of Lake On­ 1814 two volume narrative, based on the tario and western New York. "For en­ original journals, in: Cutright, Paul R.; 1. The original of Clark's manusc1ipt map is in graving the Large Plate" illustrating the A History of the Lewis and Clark J our­ "track" of Lewis and Clark the printers the Westem Ame1icana Collection, Yale Univer­ nals, Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman, sity Library. See also, WPO, Vol. 5, No. 1, p. 9, paid Harrison $325.64 and an additional "Anecdote". Donald Jackson, in his Letters. .. 1975.) $55.60 for folding the sheets.' According states, page 565: "Most certainly, the Yale map to the Philadelphia City Directory for was used as the basis for the engraved version Samuel Lewis (1754?-1822), identified in the Philadelphia City Directory for 1813 1818, the year of his untimely death, Har­ in Biddle... It passed to Yale from Clark descend­ rison's shop was at 121 Chestnut Street ants, and tl;Je facsimiles were published in four as a "writing master, draughtsman, and sheets in 1950 [and in 1951]." geographer", was also a painter of land- and his dwelling house stood in the country near Bush Hill. Friends of the Library American Philosophical Society .A Philadelphia September 1, 1979." ,,. h~~,ft),6.:r ·. .·r· - -.\\ 2. A familia1· name. Carey was the publisher for ( ,~ (;i:;+1Jrt.qp.0 (J'') the 1810, 1811 , and 1812 editions of Sergeant Pa­ trick Gass's journal. David McKeehan, who para­ \ :_> ·, --~) ·-·- phrased the Gass J ournal, was the publisher of ·-- ~ the Sergeant's journal, first published in 1807. LE"""""IS ANI~ CJ4ARKS TRt\.CK' 3. Original account records in the P rinceton Uni­ versity Library. See J ackson's Letters.. . , page 601

( _. e_ _/Jcref!· lit~ "U:~r!!~r"~- Porlio11. f( Back-Issues of WPO Occasionally we have requests fo r back issues of our publica­ c~ :t~!ff ~Rt~O~r1 tion. Only a limited number of ___, From the ·.__ - each issue is printed over and above t he qua ntity required for ~1'ISSISSIPPI TO THE PAClFIC OCEAN; our membership mailings. Since our printing a nd mailing costs 1J11 0.itlerot""l/JeE:reculive amount to abou t $ 1.40 each copy, back-issues, when avail­ & of the able, will be supplied a t $1.50 each to Foundation m embers l{NITED .t.f.X'.ITEJ'" a nd $2.00 each to non-mem bers'. in 1804.[)&6. Address inquiries to the WPO Business M a nager, the Editor, ·-6~~"~~ /.fr. J.;.m-u,· . ' /iA' / "'· ,/.! /? ,/ ~ 1'/t~fMfl/ ~/f,;.U~/l~l·r¥ 'fl :j u/0-t.,f,,.,,'_ -., ta ry . Addresses a re list ed in the 1..~ , ,, ... _,/ " Publisher 's P late" on page 2. / : i:~m ih~rnd-l"n~ / r.t· Your check or m oney-order should be m a d e out to the Cartouche (slightly enlarged) from the map prepared for the frontispiece in the 1814 Biddle Founda tion . Edition of the History of the Expedition under the command of Captains Lewis and Clark.

We Proceeded On, November 1979 -19- Saindon - Decker "Engineer" Commemorative Philatelic Cover

... l PLURI BUS UNUM §' USA1Jc 17Sth Anniversary ~ -. "'f' Lewis and Clark Expeditio~" M:\fl] . May 14, 1804- May 14, 1979 (;; PM ~ \ . 1979 ~ ~C- ()9 ·.;,o ...,_ __... ..

Foundation President Bob Saindon, Glasgow, Montana, and Foundation Treasurer Clarence Decke1~ East Alton (near Wood River), Illinois, teamed up to develop and process an interesting philatelic cover (envelope) commemorating the 175th Anniversary of the start of the Lewis and Clark Expedition from Wood River (the Expedition's "Camp Wood" or "Camp DuBois"), Illinois. Saindon designed the envelope which features Richard Schkcht's drawing' of the exploring party's keelboat and pirogues under sail after departing Wood River. The familiar "sawyers" (the partially submerged logs and driftwood) that slowed the forward progress of the vessels are in the foreground. Beneath and to the right of the cachet in script appears the quotation from Clark's journal which reads: "May the 14th 1804 -Monday - Set out from Camp River a Dubois at 4 o'Clock P.M.' Three postal issues were affixed to each envelope, the three cent (Scott No. 1020) Louisiana Purchase Sesqui-centennial, issued in 1953; the three cent (Scott No. 1063) Lewis and Clark Expedition 1804-1954 commemorative issue; and the thirteen cent (Scott No. 1596) Eagle-Shield motif recently issued by the postal service. Only 146 covers were prepared by Saindon and his Glasgow, Montana helpers, and these were forwarded to Clarence Decker in East Alton, Illinois, who saw to their cancellation on May 14, 1979, at 4:00 P.M., at the Wood River, Illinois Post Office, exactly 175 years following the Expedition's departure from "Camp Wood" or "Camp DuBois" on May 14, 1804. Each registrant at the Foundation's Eleventh Annual Meeting was presented with one of these unique commemorative Covers. Many thanks to President Saindon and Treasurer Decker for this timely philatelic extra! For those interested, there are approximately thirty-five of these postal covers still available on a five-dollar donation basis. The donations will go toward helping to defray some of the extra costs related to hosting the Eleventh Annual Meeting. Send requests with donation to Donna Pecora, Secretary, Valley County Lewis and Clark Trail Society, P.O. Box 481, Glasgow, MT 59230.

I. From: Snyder, Gerald S.; Jn the Footsteps of Le11,is and C/arh. National Geographic Sodety, Washington. D.C., 1970.

2. Copied from: Osgood, Ernest S. (Editor); The Field Notes of Captain William Clurk, 1803-1805. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven. 1%4, pp. 41. 21:;.

WE PROCEEDED ON derives from the phrase which appears repeatedly in the collective journals of the Expedition: - "this mo ming we set out early and proceeded on ... " Capt. Meriwether Lewis, July 19, 1805. "... wind from the S. W. we proceeded on ... until 6 oCwck . .. " Capt. William Clark, May 14, 1805.

"... the fog rose thick from the hollar.~ we proceeded on ... " Sgt. John Ordway, June 29, 1806. "We proceeded on with four men in front to cut some bushes ..." Sgt. Patrick Gass, June 18, 1806. "We set out early proceeded on past a Island on the S. Side... " Sgt. Charles Floyd, June 26, 1804. ". . . cwuded up . . . We procee<:kd on under a fine breeze ... " Pvt. Joseph Whitehouse, October 10, 1805.

-20- We Proceeded On, November 1979