Operation China

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Operation China Minglang August 7 ➤ some of the Minglang many as 400 of the 1,500 Christians are able to read Minglang people in Wuding the Pollard script — devised confess Christ. by missionary Samuel Pollard in the early 1900s to help illiterate tribal people SICHUAN GUIZHOU read the Bible. •Panzhihua Dayao • •Wuding Customs: The Minglang YUNNAN •Kunming observe all the traditional Chinese festivals, in MYANMAR •Yuanjiang Scale LAOS VIETNAM addition to several regional 0 KM 160 Yi celebrations. Population in China: 1,500 (1999) Religion: In the past the 1,530 (2000) 1,930 (2010) Minglang were animists and Location: Yunnan polytheists, living in fear and Religion: Christianity bondage to a wide variety of Christians: 400 spirits. Overview of the Christianity: The Minglang Minglang (and many other groups in Countries: China the Wuding area) owe their Pronunciation: “Ming-lung” salvation to the efforts of Other Names: Sani, Sanipo the Eastern Lipo Christians. Population Source: Jamin Pelkey “On the banks of the ‘River 1,500 (1999 J. Pelkey); Out of a total Yi population of Location: More than 1,500 distinctive dress and is of Golden Sand’ in the 6,572,173 (1990 census) upper Yangtze watershed members of the Minglang recognized as a separate Location: N Yunnan: Wuding and tribe live in northern Yunnan entity by the local between Sichuan and Luquan counties; Possibly also in Province. Their two main inhabitants. Although the Yunnan provinces live the Yi Fumin County villages are Lower Lemei Minglang speak a language people.… The Lipos, a Yi Status: Village of Chadian District related to Sani, they firmly sub-group formerly called Officially included under Yi Language: Sino-Tibetan, and Tianxin Village of consider themselves a the Eastern Lisus, have had Tibeto-Burman, Burmese-Lolo, Gaoqiao District within unique tribe. In recent the Gospel for almost half a Lolo, Northern Lolo, Yi, Wuding County. Others live decades, under increasing century.… These Southeastern Yi in Maoshan District of pressure from large remarkable mountain Dialects: 0 Luquan County. The numbers of Han Chinese people… have used their Religion: Christianity, Animism Minglang may also live in who have migrated into musical talent to share the Christians: 400 Fumin County. Accurate Wuding, the Minglang have Good News of salvation and Scripture: None figures on the Minglang commenced a gradual slide freedom from all demonic Jesus film: None population are difficult to toward assimilation. Some control. Old hymns, packed Gospel Recordings: None obtain because the Minglang children now with sound doctrine, were Christian Broadcasting: None government no longer exclusively speak Mandarin. translated and memorized ROPAL code: None considers them a specific by the early Lipo Christians. people group. They have Language: The Minglang Early on they became a Status of Evangelization been combined with many language is related to Sani, singing church which not other groups to form the and many official only preserved but also 61% huge Yi nationality. The publications list the propagated its faith cross- most recent figure available Minglang as part of the culturally by singing hymns. 26% which specifically mentions Sani. Although they may Today, because of their 13% the Minglang tribe was a have the same origins, witness, there are believers 1952 government study: it today when a Minglang and among many neighboring A B C listed 103 Minglang Sani meet, they must speak tribes in spite of the A = Have never heard the gospel households located in Chinese in order to language barriers and lack B = Were evangelized but did not Wuding County.1 understand each other. of Christian literature. The become Christians C = Are adherents to any form of Lipo have reached the Christianity Identity: Wuding is home to History: The Minglang have Minglang, the Ming Cha, and numerous small people never possessed a written the Samei peoples living groups. Each group wears script of their own, although among them.”2 Today as 356 MINGLANG.
Recommended publications
  • Project Number: 45030-002 June 2016
    Environmental Monitoring Report Project Number: 45030-002 June 2016 PRC: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project Prepared by the Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Asian Development Bank ii PRC: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project(PRC-3074) The 1st Quarterly Environmental Monitoring Report June 2016 For S211-Kunming to Songming Highway Maintenance Component Prepared by the Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau for the Asian Development Bank Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS I ACKNOWLEDGEMENT VI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VII I. DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPONENT 1 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 2 A. Geology 2 B. Climate Condition 2 C. Hydrology 3 D. Natural Resource 3 III. REPORT PREPARATION 4 A. Policy, Legal, and Administrative Framework 4 B. Report Period 5 C. Scope of Environment Monitoring 5 D. Potential Environmental Impacts 6 IV. IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP 8 A. Detailed design drawings and bidding documents 8 B. Institutional Arrangements 8 C. Construction Supervisors 8 D. Implementation status of the mitigation measures 8 E. Analysis of Environmental Monitoring Results 11 F.
    [Show full text]
  • I Am Thinking of Having an Hiv Test
    What do I do if I THINK my rights have been violated? VCT SITES IN KUNMING I am thInkIng Yunnan CDC: No. 158 Dongsi Street, Kunming. Tel: 3611773. kunming CDC: No. 126 Tuqiaoli, Xichang Road, Kunming. of havIng an Tel: 2270135 2242074. CDC of Wuhua District: No. 15 Xinzhuantan, Xichang Road. Tel: 4140767. hIv test. CDC of Panlong District: No. 117 Tuodong Road. Tel: 3111423. CDC of Xishan District: 14th Building, Xinlong Residential Quarter, Xianyuan Road, Xishan District. Tel: 8236355. CDC of guandu District: No. 365 Shuangqiao Road, What Your decision to know Guanshang, Guandu District. Tel: 7185209. do I need to your HIV status is CDC of Dongchuan District: Southern Section of Baiyun Road, very important. Dongchuan District. Tel: 2130178. It means that you If you believe your rights know about my CDC of Chengong County: No. 4 Fukang Road, Longcheng value your health have been violated … Township, Chenggong County Tel: 6201108. rights? and the health and CDC of Jinning County: Tianxin Village, Kunyang Township. well being of your Contact Tel: 7892264. sexual and drug injecting Yunnan University Legal aid Center CDC of anning City: No. 121 Lianran Township, Anning City. partners, as well as your 4th floor, 184 gulou Road Tel: 6802001. families. Before you undergo kunming, Yunnan, China CDC of fumin County: No. 24 Western Ring Road, Fumin voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) telephone: 0871-5182720 County. Tel: 8811204. email: [email protected] please read through this leaflet to learn CDC of Luquan County: No. 498 Wu Xing Road, Pinshan about your legal rights and responsibilities.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Yunnan Roads Development Project
    Environmental Assessment Report Summary Environmental Impact Assessment Project Number: 36455 April 2007 People’s Republic of China: Central Yunnan Roads Development Project Prepared by the government of Yunnan province for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The summary environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 20 April 2007) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1294 $1.00 = CNY7.7298 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank CFB – County Forest Bureau CO2 – carbon dioxide CRB – Cultural Relics Bureau CSC – construction supervision consultant EA – executing agency EIA – environmental impact assessment EMP – environmental management plan EMS – environmental monitoring station EPB – Environmental Protection Bureau ESC – environment supervision consultant GB – national standard GDP – gross domestic product IA – implementing agency IEE – initial environmental examination MOC – Ministry of Communications NH – national highway PIU – project implementation unit PPTA – project preparatory technical assistance PRC – People’s Republic of China RP – resettlement plan SEIA – summary environmental impact assessment SEPA – State Environmental Protection Administration SEPP – soil erosion prevention plan SIEE – summary initial environmental examination WKEC – Wuding–Kunming Expressway Company Limited YCRB – Yunnan Cultural Relics Bureau YEPB – Yunnan Environmental Protection Bureau YEMS – Yunnan Environmental Monitoring Station YPCD – Yunnan Provincial Communications Department YPDI – Yunnan Provincial Planning and Design Institute WEIGHTS AND MEASURES dB(A) – decibel (measured in audible noise bands) km2 – square kilometer m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter mu – unit of area commonly used in the PRC; 15 mu = 1 hectare NOTE In this report, “$” refers to US dollars.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Assistance Layout with Instructions
    Social Monitoring Report Project Number: 40626-013 Semi-annual Report July 2014 PRC: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project Prepared by Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau for the People’s Republic of China and the Asian Development Bank. ADB Loan-2709 PRC Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project Gender Action Plan Progress Report (G320) (Gender and Development) July 2014 Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau Gender Action Plan Progress Report July 2014 Loan No. 2709-PRC: Yunnan Integrated Road Network Development Project—Gender Action Plan Progress Report (G320) (Gender and Development) Prepared by the Yunnan Highway Administration Bureau for the Asian Development Bank i Content ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv CONCISE SUMMARY v I. Project Background ....................................................................................... 1 A. Subproject Overview ............................................................................. 1 B. Geographical location ........................................................................... 1 C. Socioeconomic status of the subproject site ..................................... 2 II. Gender and road maintenance ..................................................................... 4 III. Gender Mainstreaming .................................................................................. 5 IV. Implementing Schedule ................................................................................ 6 V. Relevant policies, laws and regulations .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity and Relationship Analysis of 21 Walnut Varieties
    Molecular Plant Breeding 2021, Vol.12, No.9, 1-7 http://genbreedpublisher.com/index.php/mpb Research Report Open Access Genetic Diversity and Relationship Analysis of 21 Walnut Varieties Based on SSR Markers Xu Lingwen 1,2, Wang Yi 2 , Yuan Xiaolong 2, Lu Bin 2 , Hao Jiabo 2, Zhang Yu 2, Ma Jun 3, Wang Fei 3 1 College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China 2 Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland and The Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Forest Plants of State Forestry Administration, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China 3 Kunming Forestry Technology Promotion Centre, Kunming, 650033, China Corresponding author Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Molecular Plant Breeding, 2021, Vol.12, No.9 doi: 10.5376/mpb.2021.12.0009 Received: 18 Feb., 2021 Accepted: 17 Mar., 2021 Published: 31 Mar., 2021 Copyright © 2021 Xu et al., This article was first published in Molecular Plant Breeding in Chinese, and here was authorized to translate and publish the paper in English under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Preferred citation for this article: Xu L.W., Wang Y., Yuan X.L., Lu B., Hao J.B., Zhang Y., Ma J., and Wang F., 2021, Genetic diversity and relationship analysis of 21 walnut varieties based on SSR markers, Molecular Plant Breeding, 12(9): 1-7 (doi: 10.5376/mpb.2021.12.0009) Abstract In order to grasp the germplasm resources of walnut in Yunnan province, the genetic diversity and relationship of 21 walnuts varieties commonly planted in Yunnan province were analyzed using SSR fluorescent labeling technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Yunnan Roads Development Project
    Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Project Number: 36455 September 2008 Proposed Loan People’s Republic of China: Central Yunnan Roads Development Project CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 August 2008) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $0.1457 $1.00 = CNY6.862 The exchange rate of the yuan is determined under a floating exchange rate system. In this report, a rate of $1.00 = CNY7.14 (the rate prevailing at project loan appraisal) was used. ABBREVIATIONS ABS – asset-backed securities ADB – Asian Development Bank CBRC – China Banking Regulatory Commission CBTA – Cross-Border Transport Agreement CO – carbon monoxide CO2 – carbon dioxide CSRC – China Securities Regulatory Commission EIA – environmental impact assessment EIRR – economic internal rate of return EMP – environmental management plan EMDP – ethnic minority development plan FIRR – financial internal rate of return FYP – five-year plan GDP – gross domestic product GMS – Greater Mekong Subregion HC – hydrocarbon HIV/AIDS – Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ICB – international competitive bidding IEE – initial environmental examination ITS – intelligent transport system Lao PDR – Lao People’s Democratic Republic LIBOR – London interbank offered rate MOC – Ministry of Communications NCB – national competitive bidding NH – national highway NOx – nitrogen oxides O&M – operation and maintenance PADO – Poverty Alleviation and Development Office PBOC – People’s Bank of China pcu – passenger car unit PMO – project management
    [Show full text]
  • Huaxin Cement Co., Ltd. Announcement on Providing Guarantee for Bank Loans of Some Subsidiaries
    Stock Codes: 600801, 900933 Stock Abbreviations: Huaxin Cement, Huaxin B Share Ref: 2020-014 Huaxin Cement Co., Ltd. Announcement on Providing Guarantee for Bank Loans of Some Subsidiaries To the best of our knowledge, the Board of Directors of the Company and its members confirm that there is no material false or misleading statement or material omission in this announcement and shall be severally and jointly liable for the truthfulness, accuracy and completeness of its content. Important Content: Guaranteed companies: Huaxin Cement (Yangxin) Ltd. and other 55 wholly owned subsidiaries and controlling subsidiaries. Guarantee amount provided by the Company for Huaxin Cement (Yangxin) Ltd. and other 55 wholly owned subsidiaries and controlling subsidiaries is 5.419 billion RMB. By the end of 2019, the Company’s actual guarantee balance for the 56 wholly owned subsidiaries and controlling subsidiaries was 1.79 billion RMB. Counter guarantee: nil Overdue guarantee: nil I. General Information of the Guarantees On April 27, 2020, the Sixteenth Meeting of the Ninth Board of Directors of Huaxin Cement Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “the Company”) reviewed and adopted the Proposal in Respect of Providing Guarantee for Bank Loans of Some Subsidiaries. By December 31, 2019, guarantee reviewed by the Board of Directors for wholly owned subsidiaries, controlling subsidiaries and related party companies totalled at 7.065 billion RMB within the valid duration. Affected by periodical financing environment and subjective reasons of some subsidiaries, the actual utilized guarantee amount is 1,442.8234 million RMB and 49.74 million USD, accounting for 10.7% of the latest audited net assets and 25% of the approved total guarantee amount.
    [Show full text]
  • Important Notice
    IMPORTANT NOTICE THIS OFFERING IS AVAILABLE ONLY TO INVESTORS WHO ARE ADDRESSEES OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES. IMPORTANT: You must read the following disclaimer before continuing. The following disclaimer applies to the attached offering circular (the “Offering Circular”). You are advised to read this disclaimer carefully before accessing, reading or making any other use of the attached Offering Circular. In accessing the attached Offering Circular, you agree to be bound by the following terms and conditions, including any modifications to them from time to time, each time you receive any information from the company as a result of such access. In order to be eligible to view the attached Offering Circular or make an investment decision with respect to the securities, investors must be outside the United States (as defined under Regulation S under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”)). Confirmation of your representation: This Offering Circular is being sent to you at your request and by accepting the e-mail and accessing the attached Offering Circular, you shall be deemed to represent to Yunnan Energy Investment Finance Company Ltd. (the “Issuer”), Yunnan Energy Investment (H K) Co. Limited (the “Guarantor”), Yunnan Provincial Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) and Bank of China Limited, BOCI Asia Limited, CCB International Capital Limited, China Merchants Securities (HK) Co., Ltd., Citigroup Global Markets Limited, CLSA Limited, Guotai Junan Securities (Hong Kong) Limited and The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited (the “Joint Lead Managers”) that (1) you and any customers you represent are outside the United States and that the e-mail address that you gave us and to which this e-mail has been delivered is not, located in the United States, its territories or possessions and (2) you consent to delivery of the attached Offering Circular and any amendments or supplements thereto by electronic transmission.
    [Show full text]
  • Administrative Division of Yunnan
    Administrative Division of Yunnan Prefecture- County-level level Name Chinese (S) Hanyu Pinyin Panlong District ፧᰼ Pánlóng Qū Wuhua District ࡋ Wǔhuá Qū Guandu District Guāndù Qū Xishan District Xīshān Qū Dongchuan District Dōngchuān Qū Anning City ఓ Ānníng Shì Chenggong County Chénggòng Xiàn Kunming City ༷ఓ Jinning County Jìnníng Xiàn Kunming Shi Fumin County Fùmín Xiàn Yiliang County Yíliáng Xiàn Songming County Sōngmíng Xiàn Shilin Yi Autonomous ᕧ Shílín Yízú Zìzhìxiàn County Luquan Yi and Miao ᖾᕧ Lùquàn Yízú Autonomous County Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn Xundian Hui and Yi "#$ Xúndiàn Huízú Autonomous County Yízú Zìzhìxiàn ᕧ Qilin District ᯑ& Qílín Qū Qilin District ᯑ& Qílín Qū Xuanwei City '(ఓ Xuānwēi Shì Malong County Mǎlóng Xiàn Qujing City )᰼ ྍఓ Zhanyi County *፟ Zhānyì Xiàn Qǔjìng Shì Fuyuan County , Fùyuán Xiàn Luoping County -ఞ Luópíng Xiàn Shizong County ఙ0 Shīzōng Xiàn Luliang County 1 Lùliáng Xiàn Huize County 23 Huìzé Xiàn 2 Prefecture- County-level level Name Chinese (S) Hanyu Pinyin Hongta District ᐋ5 Hóngtǎ Qū Jiangchuan County 6 Jiāngchuān Xiàn Chengjiang County ၵ6 Chéngjiāng Xiàn Tonghai County 8ྦ Tōnghǎi Xiàn Huaning County Huáníng Xiàn Yuxi City ሊါఓ Yimen County :᫝ Yìmén Xiàn Yùxī Shì Eshan Yi < ᕧ Éshān Yízú Zìzhìxiàn Autonomous County Xinping Yi and Dai =ఞ Xīnpíng Yízú Autonomous County Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn जᕧ Yuanjiang Hani, Yi ?6ૅA Yuánjiāng Hānízú and Dai Yízú Autonomous County जᕧ Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn Longyang District ᬃC Lóngyáng Qū Shidian County Shīdiàn Xiàn Baoshan City D# ఓ Tengchong County Eউ Téngchōng Xiàn Bǎoshān
    [Show full text]
  • Land Use Change and Coronavirus Emergence Risk
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.31.20166090.this version posted August 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . 1 2 3 Land Use Change and Coronavirus Emergence Risk 4 Maria Cristina Rulli1*, Paolo D’Odorico2*, Nikolas Galli1, and David T.S. Hayman3 5 1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da 6 Vinci, 20133 Milano, Italy. 7 2 Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, 8 Berkeley, California, USA. 9 3 Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, Massey 10 University, New Zealand. 11 * Maria Cristina Rulli Email: [email protected] 12 * Paolo D’Odorico Email: [email protected] 13 14 Sentence summarizing manuscript 15 Wildlife reservoirs for SARS-coronavirus-2 live in global hotspots of forest fragmentation, livestock, and 16 human density in China 17 Classification 18 APPLIED ECOLOGY 19 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 20 Keywords 21 COVID19, Land Use Change, One Health, Livestock, Wildlife 22 23 This PDF file includes: 24 Main text 25 Figures 1 to 4 26 Supporting information (SI) Tables 1 to 3, Figure 1 to 8 27 1 medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.31.20166090.this version posted August 4, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards a History of Bible Translation Among the Dialects and Ethnic Languages of China / Simon Wong 127
    Towards a History of Bible Translation among the Dialects and Ethnic Languages of China / Simon Wong 127 Towards a History of Bible Translation among the Dialects and Ethnic Languages of China Simon Wong* 1. Introduction Study on the history of Bible translation in China may be divided into three categories according to the language typology in China: classical Chinese and Mandarin Chinese, dialects (or more adequately, fangyan), and ethnic minority languages. The history of Bible translation in classical Chinese and Mandarin Chinese has been widely explored.1) More recently, our UBS colleague in the Asia‐Pacific area, Dr. Suee‐yan Yu, has written a very fine study in this area with the title “A Brief History of Bible Translation into Chinese and its Contemporary Implications” and it was published in Journal of Biblical Text Research. By contrast, systematic study of the history of Bible translation among the Chinese dialects and minority languages has received very little attention. Scarcity of information is the most practical problem hindering such research. However, the overwhelming dominance of Mandarin Chinese and consequently of the Mandarin Chinese translations (such as the Chinese Union Version) is perhaps the ultimate cause leading to the marginalization of these important topics in the history of Bible translation. As a continuation to Yu’s study, the present paper attempts to provide a preliminary sketch of the history of Bible translation among the dialects and the minority languages in China. The term “China” in this paper is understood in a broad and inclusive sense including both Mainland China (People’s Republic of China) and Taiwan (Republic of China); this does not necessarily imply any * UBS Asia-Pacific Area Translation Consultant.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Linguistic Vitality of Miqie: an Endangered Ngwi (Loloish) Language of Yunnan, China
    Vol. 9 (2015), pp. 164–191 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24640 Assessing the Linguistic Vitality of Miqie: An Endangered Ngwi (Loloish) Language of Yunnan, China Katie B. Gao University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Language shift is the process by which a speech community in a contact situation gradu- ally abandons one language in favor of another. Because the causal factors of language shift are largely social (Fishman 1991), languages, groups, and communities with di- verse social situations can be expected to exhibit varying levels of language shift. This paper reports on the linguistic vitality of Miqie [ISO 639-3:yiq], an endangered Central Ngwi/Yi language of Yunnan, China, and identifies the social factors contributing to language shift. Findings from participant interviews in 11 village survey points show there are varying degrees of language endangerment, with intermarriage and access to a major road as primary indicators of shift. This paper evaluates different tools for as- sessing linguistic vitality and uses the Language Endangerment Index (Lee & Van Way in press) to assess Miqie language endangerment at the village level. Language shift information is essential in the description and documentation of a language, especially because the contexts in which the language is spoken may disappear faster than the language itself. 1. INTRODUCTION.1 Language shift is the process by which a speech community in a con- tact situation gradually abandons one language in favor of another. Language shift, leading to language endangerment and eventually language death, is a growing occurrence across the globe, with nearly half of the world’s 7,000 languages classified as endangered in the Catalogue of Endangered Languages (Campbell et al.
    [Show full text]