*833SERBSF10,644*
*833SERBSF10,644*
~~~
Site Name (Subject): WINTERVILLE MACHINE WORKS, INC.
Site ID (Document ID): NCD003183571
Document Name (DocType): Contractor Report (CONTR)
Report Segment: Description: · FIT Screening Site Inspection, Phase I
Date of Document: 6/6/1989
Date Received: 6/14/1989
Box: Enter SF and# with no spaces SF10,644
Access Level: PUBLIC
Division: WASTE MANAGEMENT
Section: SUPERFUND
Program (Document Group): SERB (SERB)
Document Category: FACILITY
Print Report for Go to New Go to New Record - Delete Record I Record Blank Record (default to last record values) I rl • • l {lj~p~~ JUL l I Ld~ 927 LAKESIDE PARKWAY UJTE614 SUPERFUND BRANCH UCKER. GEORGIA 30084 1404-938-771 a
I C-586-6-9-55 I June6, 1989
I Mr. A. R. Hanke Site Investigation and Support Branch Waste Management Division Environmental Protection Agency I I 345 Courtland Street, N. E. Atlanta, Georgia 30365
I Subject: Screening Site Inspection, Phase I \fy'\ Winterville Machine W orks, Inc. Winterville, Pitt Cou nty, North Caroli na 2-,.,.... I EPA ID No. NCD003 183571 '"# 2.~ J TDD No . F4-8902-64 I Dear Mr. Hanke: FIT 4 was tasked to conduct a Screening Site Inspection at the Winterville Machine Works facility. Phase I of the inspection included a review of state and EPA file material, a target survey and an I offsite reconnaissance of the facility and surrounding area.
Winterville Machine Works, Inc., is located on South Mill Street in Winterville, Pitt County, North I Carolina. More specifically, the facility is located at 35°31'37" north latitude, and 7r24'1 0" west longitude (Ref. 1, 2).
The facility site has been occupied by various businesses since 1900, including a blacks mith shop and a machine shop. Winterville Machine Works has occupied t he 1-city block site sin ce 1967 (Ref. 3) . The facility is located near the center of Winterville, wit h the surrounding area being mostly agricultural and residential with light indust rial use (Ref. 4, p. 4) .
Winterville Machine Works consists of a machine shop and an electroplating operation us1ng chromium, nickel, zinc, cadmium and cyanide solutions in various processes (Ref. 5). From 1967 through 1970, waste treatment consisted of the use of two settling vats. Wastewater from processing was discharged into the vats, pH-adjusted and the clarified top was discharged to the municipal sewer system (Ref 6) . The remaining sludge t hat had settled was stored in a waste pile for drying. The storage area consisted of a concrete deck with a shelter. After drying, t he solid waste was shipped off site for disposal at the Pinewood, South Carolina, landfill (Ref. 5).
An updated waste treatment system was implemented in 1970 and remains in use . Wastewater is channeled into a holding tank, treated and filtered through diatomaceous earth on screens. The treated water is then discharged into the municipal sewer system . The filtered sludge is st ored in a reinforced concret e container and allowed to dry. The dried sludge is then shipped for disposal at I the Pinewood, South Carolina landfill (Ref. 3).
I ) I _ ____) :l. ·- • • Mr. A. R. Hanke Environmental Protection Agency TDD No. F4-8902-64 I June 6, 1989 - page two I Lab analysis of solid waste conducted in 1984 revealed the following contaminants: cyanide (0.16 mg/1), cadmium (620 ug/1), copper (414/ug/1), lead (30 ug/1) mercury (0.45 ug/1), and zinc (5201 ugll) I (Ref. 7). In November of 1980, Winterville Machine Works, Inc., filed a RCRA Part A Application for an Interim Status Hazardous Waste Permit. The annual quantity of waste generated at that time was listed as I 99.5 tons of sludges from electroplating operations, spent cyanide solutions and plating residues (Ref. 8). Therefore, over 22 years of operation an apparent 2200 tons of wastes have been I generated. Late in 1982, the facility was cited and fined by the state for having an inadequate storage facility and exceeding the 90-day holding time for storage of hazardous waste {Ref. 9). In July of 1983, Winterville Machine Works, Inc., requested delisting as a treatment, storage and disposal facility, I which was approved by the state (Ref. 10). Presently, the facility status is that of a small quantity generator (Ref. 11 ).
I Winterville Machine Works is located in Pitt County, North Carolina. It lies within the Coastal Plain Physiographic Province, which is characterized by a wedge of southeast-dipping sedimentary rocks overlying a basement of igneous and metamorphic rocks (Ref. 12, p. 329). The sedimentary rocks are I approximately 600 feet thick at the site and are composed of silt, sand, and clay and Quaternary, Miocene and Cretaceous age. The beds are dipping from southeast to east-southeast with a very gentle slope offrom 0.6% to 0.3% {Ref. 12).
I The Quaternary-age deposits consist of sand, silt, and clay. Throughout the county, these deposits commonly are 20 feet thick and may be up to SO feet thick. Recently derived fluvial or eolian deposits are not present at the site (Ref. 13, p. 22). The Yorktown Formation of later Miocene age I underlies the Quaternary-age deposits. The Yorktown is commonly a massive, gray, silt clay reaching a maximum thickness of 105 feet. It is approximately 40 feet thick in the vicinity of the site (Ref. 13, p. 20).
I The Cretaceous sediments consist of predominantly sand and silt interbedded with silty clay. The Tuscaloosa Formation of the Upper Cretaceous varies county-wide but generally grades upward from fine sand and silt to coarser sand interbedded with silt and clay. The formation is just over 300 I feet thick in the site vicinity (Ref. 13, p. 10). The Black Creek Formation of the Upper Cretaceous has two members: the unnamed lower member and Snow Hill marl. The unnamed, lower member consists of alternately bedded gray sand and dark gray clay. The Snow Hill marl consists primarily of I calcareous sand and clay layers. The Black Creek Formation is approximately 150 feet thick in the site vicinity (Ref. 13, p. 13). The Peedee Formation of Upper Cretaceous age and the Beaufort and Castle Hayne formations of lower and middle Tertiary age respectively are not present at the site (Ref. 13, I pp. 16, 18, 19). There are eight aquifers in Pitt County, six of which occur underneath the site. The surficial aquifer and the aquifer within the Upper Tuscaloosa and Low Black Creek Formation are most important I and will be discussed below. The aquifers are primarily defined by their lithology and transcend formational boundaries. These aquifers are primarily sand and silt intervals separated by I predominantly clay intervals (Ref 12, pp. 30-33). I NUS CORPORATION • • Mr. A. R. Hanke Environmental Protection Agency TOO No. F4-8902-64 I June 6, 1989- page three
I The surficial or water-table aquifer is present throughout most of the county, supplying water to private homes and farms. This aquifer consists of sand and day and is underlain by the clays and silts of the Yorktown Formation of Miocene age. The Yorktown is about 40 feet thick and acts as a I confining layer. Transmissibilities are low (in the 700 gpd per foot) and water quality is slightly acidic with large amounts of dissolved iron (Ref. 13, p. 35).
The Upper Tuscaloosa Formation and Lower Black Creek Formation form a water-bearing unit. It is I the main municipal supply aquifer throughout Pitt County and has transmissibility between 15,000 and 25,000 gpd per foot (Ref. 13, p. 31). Water quality is excellent in most portions of the county. I The beds dip to the southeast at a rate of 15 feet per mile (0.3%) (Ref. 12, p. 33). A majority of the population within a 4-mile radius of the facility is served by a municipal or private water system. Municipal or private water is provided by the city of Greenville, Bell Arthur Water I Corporation, the city of Winterville, the city of Ayden and Eastern Pines Water Corporation (Ref. 4, p. 2). The city of Winterville serves approximately 1400 connections from three wells located within the 1-mile radius. These wells are all approximately 350 feet deep. Water drawn from these wells is mixed prior to distribution (Refs. 4, p. 2; 14). The city of Ayden serves 1860 connections with water I drawn from one well located between the 3- and 4-mile radii, and completed 490 feet deep. Two other Ayden wells are located outside the study area. Water drawn from these wells is mixed prior to distribution (Ref. 15, 16). The city of Greenville serves 16,750 cor.'1ections with water drawn from I one well located between the 3- and 4-mile radii and completed between 400-500 feet deep. Three Greenville wells are located outside the study area. Water drawn from these wells is mixed prior to distribution (Refs. 17, 18, 19). Eastern Pines Water Corporation serves 3500 connections with water drawn from one well located between the 2- and 3-mile radii. A second well is located between the I 3- and 4-mile radii. These wells are approximately 425 feet deep, and water drawn from them is mixed with four other wells located outside the study area, prior to distribution (Ref. 20, 21, 22). Bell I Arthur Water Corporation municipal wells are located outside of the study area (Ref. 23). A house count identified approximately 169 households not on a municipal or private water system within the 3-mile radius. Between the 3- and 4-mile radii, approximately 93 households are not on a I municipal or private water system. The estimated population served by private wells within 3 miles of the facility is, therefore, 643 (169 households x 3.8 people/household) (Ref. 2). The closest well to the facility is approximately 1000 feet to the northeast. This well is one of Winterville's municipal I wells (Ref. 4, p. 2). Private wells in the area are approximately 100 feet deep (Ref. 24, p. 3). Surface water runoff most likely leaves the facility and flows approximately 2000 feet southwest to an intermittent stream. This intermittent stream becomes perennial approximately 1 mile I downstream to the southwest. The perennial stream, known as Swift Creek, meanders south southeast and joins with the Neuse River approximately 40 stream miles from the facility (Ref. 25). No known surface water intakes are located along the surface water migration pathway (Ref. 26). I Swift Creek is utilized for recreational fishing. The catch includes: bluegill, bullhead and red fin pickerel (Ref. 27). Approximately 5 stream miles from the facility is a large wetland (Ref. 2).
Approximately six residences are located within 100 feet of the facility (Ref. 4, p. 4). Site access is I restricted by a fence that borders the facility property except in the area of the administrative offices (Ref. 4, p. 5). I I NUS CORPORATION ·I •• • I Mr. A. R. Hanke Environmental Protection Agency TOO No. F4-8902-64 I June 6, 1989- page four
I Neither the land in the study area nor the surface water pathway do not appear to support any critical habitats or sensitive environments. However, the ranges of several federally and state designated endangered species do include Pitt County. Federally endangered species include the eastern cougar, bald eagle, arctic peregrine falcon and Bachman's warbler. State endangered I species include the Tar River spiny mussel. The red cockaded woodpecker is considered endangered by both federal and state agencies (Ref. 26, 28).
I Based on the above references, FIT 4 recommends that a Screening Site Inspection, Phase II, be conducted at the Winterville Machine Works facility. If you have any questions regarding this I facility, please feel free to contact me. Approved: I li1Jo7f!JL Mitch Cohen, P. E. I Project Manager MGdwf I Enclosures I cc: Robert Morris I I I· I I I I
I NUS CORPORATION • • REFERENCES
I 1. Potential Hazardous Waste Site Preliminary Assessment (EPA Form 2070-12) Part 1-Site Information and Assessment for Winterville Machine Works, Inc. Filed by Stan Atwood/Pat I DaRosa for North Carolina Division of Health Services, December 10, 1985. 2. U.S. Geological Survey 7.5 minutes series Topographic Quadrangle maps of North Carolina: Greenville SW 1981, Greenville SE 1982, Ayden 1982, Gardnerville 1983, scale 1:24000.
I 3. Stan Atwood, North Carolina Division of Health Services, letter to file, November 26, 1985. Subject: Winterville Machine Works.
I 4. NUS Corporation Field Logbook No. F4-1331 for Winterville Machine Works, TOO No. F4-8902- 64. Documentation of water line distribution for Greenville/Winterville area. I 5. RCRA Inspection Report for Winterville Machine Works. Filed by Billy W. Morris, North Carolina Division of Health Services, August 27, 1982.
6. Stan Atwood, North Carolina Division of Health Services, letter to file, December 3, 1985. I Subject: Winterville Machine Works.
7. Results of Analyses for Winterville Machine Works. Prepared by Environment I, Incorporated, I Greenville, North Carolina, May 21, 1984.
8. Part A-Hazardous Waste Permit Application (EPA form 351 0-1) and attachments for Winterville Machine Works, Inc. Filed by Ronald E. Carroll, Secretary and Treasurer, I Winterville Machine Works, Inc., November 14, 1980.
9. R. E. Carroll, Secretary and Treasurer, Winterville Machine Works, Inc., letter to O.W. I S~rickland, North Carolina Division of Health Services, February 7, 1983. Subject: Penalty assessment for violations of the North Carolina Hazardous Waste Management Rules. I 10. O.W. Strickland, North Carolina Dept. of Human Resources, Solid Waste Section, letter to R.E. Carroll, Winterville Machine Works, Inc., February 25, 1983. Subject: Change in RCRA status for Winterville Machine Works, Inc.
I 11. Robert Morris, EPA Region IV, telephone conversation with Murray Warner and Joan Dupont, NUS Corporation, March 17, 1989. Subject: RCRA status ofWintervill~ Machine Works.
I 12. Sumision, Carlton T., Geology and Groundwater Resources of Pitt County, North Carolina. North Carolina Dept. of Water and Air Resources, Groundwater Bulletin No. 18, 1970, p. 75. I 13. U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Summary 1984, Water-Supply Paper 2275. 467, 1984, pp. 329-334.
14. Allen Lilly, Superintendent, Winterville Water Dept., telephone conversation with Mitch I Cohen, NUS Corporation, April13, 1989. Subject: Depth of municipal wells.
15. Glenn Carroll, Ayden Water/Sewer Superintendent, letter to Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporation, I April 10, 1989. Subject: Town of Ayden Municipal wells. I
I NUS CORPORATION • •
16. Glenn Carroll, Water/Sewer Superintendent, Ayden Water/Sewer Dept. telephone conversation with Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporation, May 17, 1989. Subject: Mixing of well I water prior to distribution. 17. Allen Harris, Greenville Public Utilities-Metering Dept., telephone conversation with Mitch I Cohen, NUS Corporation, May 5, 1989. Subject: Greenville Water System service connections. 18. City of Greenville Water Distribution and Well location map Greenville, North Carolina, 1987. I Scale: 1" =1000'. 19. Cliff Strickland, Operator, Greenville Public Utilities, telephone conversation with Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporation, May 3, 1989. Subject: Location and depth of wells that supply water I for Greenville system. 20. Mary Leggett, Eastern Pines Water Corporation, telephone conversation with Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporation, May 5, 1989. Subject: Population served by Eastern Pines Water I Corporation.
21. Eastern Pines Area Well Site Location Map, Rivers and Associates, Inc., Greenville, North I Carolina, 1989. Scale: not shown.
22. Ronald Sessoms, Rivers and Associates, telephone conversation with Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporation, May 19, 1989. Subject: Depths of Production Wells for Eastern Pines Water I Corporation and Bell Arthur Water Corporation.
23. Bell Arthur Area Well site location Maps, Rivers and Associates, Inc, Greenville, North Carolina, I 1987. Scale: notshown.
24. NUS Corporation Field Logbook No. F4-1330 for Coastal Chemical-corporation, TOO No. F4- I 8902-59. Documentation of facility reconnaissance, April 6, 1989. 25. U.S. Geological Survey, Map of North Carolina, (U.S. Dept. of Interior: 1972), scale 1:500,000.
I 26. Cliff Strickland, Operator, Greenville Public Utilities, telephone conversation with Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporation, May 4, 1989. Subject: Lack of surface water intakes in Pitt County I other than Tar River intake. 27. Kent Nelson, Biologist, North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources, Fish and Wildlife Division, telephone conversation with Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporation, May 8, 1989. Subject: Fish I caught in tributaries located in study area, and endangered species. 28. U.S. Fish and Wildife Service, Endangered and Threatened Species of the Southeastern United I ·States, (Atlanta, Georgia: 1988). I I I I I RCRA/NPL .ICY QUESTIO.NNURE FOR AIAI. SCREENING I Site Name: W ~ ... {u-v:llt. · W ~"'--k.(v~l\e... state: ____v __ c ______I C~ty=------EPA I . D. Number: }J L 1) () C> ~ I 5~ 51 } I Type of Facility: Generator J Transporter Disposal____ Treatment_ Storage (more than 90 days) ____
I I. RCRA APPLICABILITY. yes no Has. this facility treated, stored or disposed _J!_ I of a RCRA hazardous waste since Nov. ~9, ~980? Has a. RCRA Facil.ity Assessment (RFA) been performed / I on this site? Does the facil.ity have a RCRA operating or post-closure ...J!. I per.mit? If so, date issued------/ Did the faci~ity fi~e a RCRA Part A application? - I If so: ;; 1. > Does the :facil.ity currentl.y have interim status? .. 2) Did the facil.ity withdraw its interim status? :i 3) Is the facil.ity a known or possibl.e protective .j I fil.er? Is the facility a late (after Nov. 19, 1.980} or J I non-filer that has been identified by EPA or the State? I I STOP HERE IF ALL ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS IN SECTION I ARE NO I II. FnmNCIAL STATUS Is the facility owned by an entity that has I filed. for bankruptcy under federal or State I . laws? III. RCRA ENFORCEMENT STATUS I Has the facility lost authorization to operate I or had its interim status reivokad? .I Has the facility been involvkd in any other RCRA /· :nforcement action? I I :I I. REFERENCE I
'~------POTENTIAL HAZAF I PRELIMINARY A~~Mt:N r OEPA PART 1 ·SITE INFORMATJON AND ASSESSMENT IL SITE NAME AND LOCA nON 01 SITE NAME~--_,...-_, ..., Winterville Machine Works, Inc. 209 South Mill Street D.lCITY 04 STATET05 ZIP cooe Joe COUNTY or~oe~ I Winterville Nc 28590 . Pitt r 74 _I o1 OSI COORDINATES LATillJOE .3.5.. ..3.L 32_N_ I I 10 OlRECllONS TO SITErsz.u,g __,__ . Take NC 11 Sooth fran Greenvil~e to. Winterville exit to Old NC 11 (SR 1149) • Follow south into Winterville "Where i 1: becares Mill St. Winterville Machine Works is located I on the right at the. intersection ·of Mill and Cooper Street. Ill. RESPONSIBLE PARTIES 01 OWNER II'__, ...... ·.... Winterville Machine Works,· P.O. Box 446 I Inc. ... 03CITY ...... - - 04 STATET05 ZIP COOE 1oe TEL.EPHONE NJMBER .Winterville NC 28590 1'919,756-2130 I 070PERATOR 11' ____...... , · • • . · · -· • ·- -.-··-·
08CtTY .. . . ·.. :_ I i 13 TYPEOFOWNERSHIPICNCA'-1
VI.INFORMAnON AVAILABLE FROM I 01 CONTN:;T 020FJAt/WC..O,_._, ~ TE1.EPHOHE HUM8£R Howard Riggs, Plating SUpervise Winterville Machine Works, Inc. ~19 )756-2130 04 PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSESSMENT 05AGE.NCY 07 ra.DHOHE MJMSER 040ATC I 1 ' , 2 t]Q' 85 1 Stan Atwood/Pat DeRosa ~ DHR DHS SHW Mqmt. Br. 919, 733-2178 MO'm4 OAT Tf.AA I EP.\ rO:tM 2070.12 (7.a 1J ~~I .... POTENnAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE L IDEPmFICATlON PREUMlNARY ASSESSMENT 01 STAnt~~£HUMBEft OEPA PART 2• WASTE INFORMAnON NC 13JA357l I IL WASTE STATES, CUANTii'IES, AND CHARACTERlSnCS 03 WASn CHARACTERISTICS ,e-a __ _, C1 I'W'rSICAI.$TATES 1e-a .. - _, 02 WASTE,_el QCJANTTTY __ AT srTI IIWitM ...... I 0 A.SOUO 0 E.SI.UARY Jl!CA. TOXIC !J E..SOWBI.£ 0 L 1.-aHLY'WU~ 0 8.POWD£I\.FINES tJ F.UOUIO TONS 0 B. COAROSIIIE 0 F. H'EC'T10US OJ..~ )!:. c. swoaa I) G. GAS 0 C. RAOIOACTM! 0 G. FUMMAIILE 0 IC.IREAC1JVI CUtiiCYARDS ~D-~ 0 H.l!lHIT A8l.! 0 L INCOIIPATIBI.E CD. OTHER 0 M.. lOT APPIICA81.E I~J NO. OF DRUMS I Ill. WASTE TYPE CAT'EGORY SUBSTANCE NAME 01 OAOSS AMOUNT io21JNfT OF MEASURE 03COMMEHrs I sw Sl.UOGE . 100 tons Anr tal orodt,,...... i_on rTrn'l. was-tP OlW OILY WASTE water treatnent. Hazardous SOl. SOLVENTS -·. ... constituents listed :below. .I . . ·- PSD PESTlCIDES - -··-- ~- ··-· ... -··- . - occ OTHER OR3ANIC CHEMICALS JOC INORGANIC CHEMICALS .... - .. -· ·- . I. ACO ACIDS BAS . BASCS .. ... -·· ...... , us HEAVY METALS .J JV. HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ,._.._.....,_.._...,.-c.v-. oe~OF 01CATEGOR'I' 02 SUBSTANCE NAMf 03.CAS NUM8ER 04 STORAG!ICISPOSAL MEntOO 05~11011 CIONCEN'liu.:noN .MES cadmium 7440439 r· . .I.. rflnk I HES Chranium 7440473 Concrete tank . .1.'"~ Nl.ckel: 7440020 II ... ~ r.vanidP ~ali-~ c::;71?c::; II I .MES Lead 7439921 11 . . MFS ~rcu:ry . . ··-- ·-- -·1439916 -" ...... ·- ····- --··· ...... ···- ...... - . .. I ': ·· ...... -··. . .
...... -· .. -· . . -· ... --· ... ·.-· ' ·--· - -··· . --- -.-...... ,, I ...... ' .... . I· ...... ~-- .. - - ...... ·-·· . ... ~I V. FEEDSTOCKS ,_~.,CAl--- · - CATEGORY •• 01 FeDSTOCIC NAME 02 CAS NUM8EJi' CATEQOIIIY Ot FEEllSTOCK .... 02CAS~1 . FDS . . Sulfuric Acid 76649j9 FDS FDS ttyu..~.uUU.Orl.c Acid 7647010 FDS. FDS Scxiium ·Hynl"n'Li nj:> ·~ ... -1310732 FDS J FDS - FDS
VLSOURCES OF INFORMAnON ICI•~...._.._ •...,_..__.....,.__., •··· - -. ·- .. 1. Peomanent files, NC Solid and Hazardous Waste Mgmt. Branch, Raleigh, NC. 1 2. Howard Riggs, Superintendent, Winterville l1achine Works, Winterville, NC, personal carmunication~ 11-26-85 and 12::3·..:as·:· · .. . 3. Richard Ga¥, Waste Mgmt. Specialist, NC Solid and Haz. Waste Mgmt. Branch, personal camrunicat1on. 11-26.:.:As · . ' I EPAFORW 2070.1;2 (7-81) I t . ..
POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE L IOEHTIFlCAnON I 01 STATE I02 SITE NJMBU1 PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT • NC 0003183571 &EPA PART 3 ·DESCRIPTION OF HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND INCIDENTS I IL HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND INCIDENTS 01 C A.GROUNDWATERCONTAMINATION 02 0 OBSERVED (DATE: ) 0 POTENTlAL 0 AllEGED 03 POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION I '
01 C B. SURFACE WATER CONTAMINAnoN 02 0 OBSERVED (OA TE: I 0 POTENTlAL 0 AL.1..EGED I 03 POPULA nON POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARAA nVE DESCRIPnON I 01 0 C. CONTAMINATION OF AIR 02 0 OBSERVED COATE: I 0 POTENTlAL 0 ALLEGED I 03 POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTlON I 01 0 D. FIRE/EXPLOSIVE CONomoNS 02 0 OBSERVED (DATE: , 0 POTENllAL 0 ALLEGED 03 POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION .I
01 0 E. DIRECT CONTACT 02 0 OBSERVED (DATE: , 0 POTENTIAl. 0 ALLEGED I 03 POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION I 01 ~F. CONTAMINATION OF SOIL Unkn 02 0 OBSERVED(DATE: ) '}(POTOOW. 0 ALLEGED 03 AREA POTENTlAU. Y AFFECTED: OWl1 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION lA-.,. I loading and unloading concrete t:.aX or fran spills.
I 01 0 G. DRINKING WATER CONTAMINATlON 02 0 OBSERVED IDA TE: , 0 POTEN11AL 0 ALLEGED 03 POPULATION POTENTIAlLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION· I
01 C H. WORKER EXPOSUREIHJURY 02 0 OBSEAVED(DATE: I a POTENnAL 0 ALLfGED I 03 WORKERS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE OESCRIPTION - I 01 0 I. POPUL.AnON EXPOSUREIINJURY 02 0 OBSEAVEO(OATE: I 0 POTENTW. 0 ALLEG8) I 03 POPULAnON POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION ' I CPI.FOAM 2070·12(7·&11 I . t··'-·•··! I ' POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE L IDEHTJFICA TlON I PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT 01 NCiSTATE' 020003183571 SITE N.JM8EA &EPA PART 3 • DESCRfPnON OF HAZARDOUS CONDinONS AND INCIDENTS I IL HAZARDOUS CONDmONS AND INCIDENTS 1~ I - 01 0 J. DAMAGE TO FlORA - 02 b OBSERVED (DATE: I 0 POTENTIAL c ALLSlED 04 NAARATlVE DESCRJPTlON I .. I
'
01 0 It DAMAGE TO FAUNA 02 0 OBSERVED (DATE: I C POTENTIAL 0 ALLEGED 04 NARRATlVE DESCRlPTlON ,,__,Jot_, I
i I I 01 0 L CONTAMINATION OF FOOD CHAIN 02 0 08SERVED (DATE: I 0 POTENTIAL C ALLEGED C. NAI'lRATlVE DESCRIPOON . . ..• . .. -·· -... ·------·-· ·-- . . -· : ·-· - ...... ' i ..... · .. .•· .. i I I I I 01 0 M. UNSTABLECONTAINMENTOFWASTES 02 0 OBSERVED (DATE: ) 0 POTENTIAL C ALLEGED ISoft-IIM'dlnp~fltwMI I 03 POPULATION POTENTIAI.LY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTlON ... I - ...... ' I . . . I I 01 C N. DAMAGE TO OFFSITE PROPERTY 02 0 OBSERVED (DATE: ) CPOTenw. C ALLEGED
C. NARRA TlVE OESCRI?TION I
I . I I i I 01 C 0. CONTAMINATION OF SEWERS, STORM DRAINS, WNrPs 02 0 OBSERVED (DATE: ) C POTENTlAL C ALLEGED 04 NARRA TlVE DESCR1PT10N I I I I .. .. . ···-- -·-- ...... - . •· ...... , . . I .. ! I 01 0 P. ILLEGAUUNAUTHORIZEODUMPING 02 C OBSERVED (DATE: ) c POTENTW. C ALLEGED C. NAAAATlVE DESCRIPTlON ...... I .. .. I .I I .. ! . .. I...... ~ .• ~- .• .~ ~ :· .-· .. .. - .. 05 OESCRIP'TlON OF Mff OTliER KNOWN. POTENTW.. OR ALLEGED HAZARDS .•
I I
' ... I IlL TOTAl. POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: IV. COMMENTS . i I I ' ! I .. V. SOURCES OF INFORMATION ICt•.,...,.,_._•~--...... ,..-.-~ I I ' As previously cited. I I I EPAFORM2070.t217·811 I SCALE 1:24 000 .5 0 KTLOMrnRS 2 0 MET EllS 1000 2000 .5 0 MILES ~, 0 11m :zaJ) 3Cm 4l'llO 50Q) '00] ::W~W !mJ i F..ET :...\ N ..._.... 1 -· ~ ~~· QUADRANGLE LOCAnON GREENVILLE SW, N. SW/t WINTERVIllE 15' QUAORA..~GL r-nr.tTnJIR~ ANn 1=11=\/ATJnN~ NJsao-wn22.sn.s ...... a--- .. --
REFERENCE I 2 Facility Information
Winterville Machine Works 209 South Mill Street P.O. Box 529 Winterville, NC 28590 Pitt County I EPA ID# NCD003183571 2. Responsible Official I Howard Riggs (919) 756-2130 I 3. Survey Participants Howard Riggs - Winterville Machine Works I Billy W. Morris, Division of Health Services 4. Date of Inspection I August 27, 1982 9:00AM- 12:00 PM I s. Applicable Regulatio'ns I 40 CFR Part 262 and 265 6. Purpose of Survez ' The second annual RCRA compliance in·spection was conducted at Winterville Machine I Works by the North Carolina Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Branch. This facility is included on the "85 Major List." The scope of the inspection was comprehensive including record review and site survey. Regulatory requirements I covered those contained in 40 CFR Part 262 and 265 under generator standards, general facility standards and storage facilities (waste pile). I 7. Facilitz Description Winterville Mach;ne Works is located at 209 South Mill Street in Winterville, NC. !he plant and office is located on a .one-half acre site and is enclosed by a I fence.
!he facility consists of a machine shop and an electroplating operation using I chromium, nickel, zinc, cadmium and cyanide solutions in various processes. The waste is a sludge generated by a wastewater pre-tr.eatment system._·.. After-_·treat.: ment wastewater is released to a regional POTW that serves the Town of Winterville. I The dry sludge (F006, F007, FOOS, F009)_is stored.in a waste pile unde: a shelter with a concrete floor. One load (34 ,280 lbs·.)' of the waste was shipped to SCA Services of South Carolina (ID# SCD070375985) via Williams Trucking Company I (ID# SCD073709297) on April 16, 1982. I I
REFERENCE I 3
DATE: November 26, 1985 TO: File FROM: Stan Atwood ..4 C>- SUBJECT: Winterville Machine Works
I spoke with Mr. Howard Riggs, Superintendent, of Winterville Machine Works (919) 756-2130. They have been in business since 1967. The site has been occupied by various·businesses since 1900 including a blacksmith shop and a machine shop. Their present waste treatment system was installed in 1970 by Chemtronics and was approved by EPA. From 1967 to 1970 they batch treated J their waste under an EPA permit. Hazardous waste are classified as F006 - wastewater treatment sludges from I electroplating operations. Hazardous constituents are heavy metals - nickel, cadmium, and chromium. Wastes are channeled into a holding tank, treated, and filtered through diatomaceous earth onscreens. The water then enters the I city system. The filtered sludge is stored in a reinforced concrete container I and allowed to dry. The dried sludge is taken to Pinewood, SC. No on site disposal or spills were reported. There are no wells on site. ~ The Town of Winterville has a well within 2 to 3 blocks of the plant. They have one underground tank containing #2 fuel oil. I Other hazardous materials are sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, and alkali cleaners. These products are used for pH adjustment and I cleaning agents. No hazardous liquid wastes are produced. I SA/tb/022lb I I I I I I REFERENCE I 4
DATE: December 3, 1985 TO: File FROM: Stan Atwood ~ SUBJECT: Winterville Machine Works
I called Mr. Howard Riggs to clarify a few points about their waste management. Prior to 1970 they treated wastewater in two holding vats, I adjusted the pH, and released water off the top. Sludge accumulated in the bottom of the vats and was eventually cleaned out and disposed of at Pinewood, SC. I also asked about analyses of sludge and diatomaceous earth samples. He l said he would mail· some recent results to me this week.
I SA/tb/022lb I I I I I I I I ,I \ ~· I •• REFERENCE I 5 WINTERVILLE MAcHINE WoRKS, l1 I TELEPHONE (919) 7.56·2130 P.O. BOX 529
WINTERVILLE, N.C.
I PRECISION GRINDING-METALLIZING 21590 MANUFACTURE & REPAIR OF ELECTRO PLATING-METAL FINISHING-FABRICATING MACHINES, MACHINE ASSEMBLIES & PARTS I November 29, 1989 I USEPA, Region IV 345 Courtland Street, NE I Atlanta, Ga. 30365 1-404-347-5065 I Attention: Robert Morris I Dear Mr. Morris: I am writing to request duplicate analytical results from the samples taken by the NUS Corporation Region 4 Field Investigation I Team regarding Winterville Machine Works, Inc. (EPA ID ~NCD003183571). I have the understanding that there will be no charge for this service. Please also send a copy of Phase II of Technical Directive Document (TDD) number F4-8909-22 by which the I task were performed. I am also requesting duplicate copies of the actual reference materials (1-13) noted on page 13 of the I study plan. Please also be advised of updates in site history and description. I 1. The two settling vats mentioned have not been used for treatment since 1970. They were removed. I 2. The waste treatment system mentioned as being imple mented in 1970 utilizing diatomaceous earth as a filter • aid was terminated in early 1988. I 3. A filter press waste treatment system was installed in early 1988 which produces a cake of solids. This small amount of waste is held in DOT containers and shipped I to Pinewood, SC, landfill every 180 days. 4. The alleged fine noted in the first paragraph on page I six of the study plan, concerning our storage facility, was rescinded per a letter dated May 5, 1983 by: 0. W. Strickland, Head Solid & Hazardous Waste Management I Branch, Environmental Health Section. r-- 5. We applied for a smal~ generator classification on July 6, 1988 (not 1983) This was granted July 29, I 1988 by NCDHR. I 1 I I look for~ard to receiving the materials I have requested. I hope that the information supplied ~ill be of use in updating I your records. Sincerely,
I WINTERVILLE MA~~
I n R. Carroll, . Vice President I JRC:ca I I I I I I I I I I I I
I 2 REFEREHCE I 6 ., . ' - ·' i. iS~
INSTRUCTIONS: Comp •• ~-~·~" X X I' I ' i . I ...:~·-"'"·· ,, ':•"~ 1 v 1 ~1"1viJI~iviJ!"Ji(l..~.1- ' Flii1 in!urrraaticJn is r···. ·. · .. ··~·• ..,.;~:, o( Ht:RA.~ , ·. .. • • .-!-_ _ • ••-14..- ... ~f!F.?'I/!!"'!:.m~~"":'·~--. ~-- .. ··"''' -~~~ .,.... •.. -...,.~"'-'l••·""'··-~ ~. ·r·v&)_· · ·" -.;,l;j:dtL·~~sr:e>~ ---=... ~ · . :. _;.,fc· · · · ·"""'• • ::_r-;;~··· ·l!!lit·li ____ .-.~w~_ _:_~~~--· · ··... -~ · ·., r1Z.NEW PACILITV (Com;letr itrm below.) 'y;' FOR NEW FACILITII ~::-:"""T"~::-::'""'T'T'":::-:"::""1 PROVIDE THE DATE (yr., mo., 4: !1.:y) OPEF TION BEGAN OR IS EXPECTED TO BEG I Oz. PACILITV HAS A RCRA PERMIT •• A. PROCESS CODE- Enter the code frbm the list of process codes below thet best describes each process to be used It the facility, Ten lines are provided for entering codes. If more lines are needed, enter the code(s} in the space provided, If 1 process will be used that is not Included in the list of codes below, the describe the process (including its design cepKity} in the space provided on the form fltem 11/.CJ. B. PROCESS DESIGN CAPACITY- For each codaantartcf in column A enter the capacity of the proeesa. · 1. AMOUNT- Enter the emount. · · 2. UNIT OF MEASURE -For each amount entered In column 8(11, enter the code from the list of unit measure codes below that describes the unit of measure ustcf. Only the units of measure that are listed below should be used. PRO. APPROPRIATE UNITS OF PRO· APPROPRIATE UNITS OF CESS MEASURE FOR PROCESS CESS MEASUREFORPROCE~ peocess CODE DESIGN CAPACITY PROCESS CODE DESIGN CAPACITY Stof!Q!: . -·· Trwtment: CONT~R (ba,..l, cf~, lte.} :~, , GALLONS OR LITERS TANK TO, GALLONS PER CAY OR TANK t---4 .-nz r-t:ALLONS OR LITERS LITERS PER CAY WASTI;,.PILE - _.... SJJ_ J :-etJBIC YARQ.S OR SURP'ACII: IMPOUNCMIENT TOZ GALLONS PER CAY OR ""' ._.% ..CUBIC METERS LITERS PER DAY SUIIIIIP',.CE IMPOU"\!U't:5T L!&Qc "'o~ONS 011111 LITERS INCINERATOR TOI TONS PER HOUR OR METRIC TONS PER HOURI o~ >- • o .-~·~a GALLONS PER HOUR OR - - c.:> IT) - . LITERS PER HOUR INJECTION WELL 1 J.J 071 ;·GA,LLONS OR LITERS LANC(!I.S. .QIO -ACR.E•I'EET (thtr 110/llml that IJ.J ,.- OTHER (UII [orphy1icol1 chemical, TO. GALLONS PER CAY OR 0 0:: C·W~d COIIU onr GCN tO 0 thermol or biolotlcol treann1nt LITERS PER CAY ...._ LJ.J ,~_rttrh of on~r foot) OR proceu11 not occurrlnt In tanb, ...._, ...... ~c;TARE•METEIIIII 111rfCJ:r impoundmc:nfl or lncintr~ LAND APPLICATIDii < O:::Ou I.JJ. .... £5 OR HECTARES ator'f. Ducrlbt thl proctufl In OCE~ISPCSAL Q.. -~IZ-oGALLONS PER DAY OR thl IPCJ:I pro11I1Ud; ltttm lll·C.} "--J ::.. "-t.ITERS PER DAY SUR PACE IMPOUNDNUfT ~UtJ..bALLONS OR LITERS .. -UNIT OF UNIT OF UNITOI MEASURE MEASURE MEASUF UNIT OF MEASURE CODE UNIT OF MEASURE CODE UNIT OF MEASURE CODE GALLONS. , , •• , • , • , , , , , , , , • G LITERS PIER DAY, , , , , • , ·, , , , , , V ACRE•PEET,,.,,,, •• ,,,,,,,, A LITERS • , • , , • , •• , , , , , , , , •• L TONS PER HOUR , , , , , , • , , • , ; , D HECTARE.... ETER,,,,,.,,,,,,, F CU81C YARDS, , • , , , , , , , , , , , , Y METRIC TONS PER HOUR, , , , , , , , W ACRES,,,,., , , , • , , , •• , , • , • B CUBIC METERS • ••• , , • , , , , , , , C ·• · · GALLONS PER HOUJI , , , , , ; , • • , K HECTARES,,.,,,,,,,.,,,.,, Q GALLONS PKR CAY , , , , , • , • , , , U ·. ~ : :' LITERS PER HOUR, , , • , , ', , , , , , H EXAMPLE FOR COMPLETING ITEM Ill (lhown In lin• numbln X·t •nd X·2 below}: A facility has two storage tanks, one tank can hold 2DO gallons end the other can hold 400 gallons. The facility elso has an inclner~or that can bum up to 20 gallons per hour. I. AMOUNT 1, AMOUNT (lp«:ID} · . . -···· 600. ', ..·- .;·. ·.~- :,.:: .. 20: .. ·.. ~- .. 0 18,000 50,000 ·-~~N,~~·~~"""';~TT$~~j~~\\\~ IV. DE~RIP a a• m.OF H.AZAJU)OUS WASTES (r""""'..,f) A. EPA '-~~~ 1 • . . D._PROC:ESSES W HAZARD. B. ESTIMATED ANNUAL O,rr""• . '.JI'' Zc) W, .~~~?. QUANTITY OP' WASTE ~~':s~~~ ~-1"\.' 1, PROCESS COOI:S 1. I'ROC:CSS OI:SC:RIPTIOH ::i z ' (In It~, v_, ~odt) "": U (tllttr) (If a ~odt II not tnlt,..d In D(l J) ~ I I I I 1 F o:o 5 27 T S 0':! ~r-2 ~Fr~c'o~7+----~36~o~----~+P1+rs~?~3~~~~~~~+------3 ~ F ci o s 2 5o P sn ~ I I I l 4 F do 9 72 --'~en~ ~ so 3 I I s I I I l 6 - I I I I I 7 I I I I 8 I I I I I 9 I I I 10 I I I 11 • I I I 12 I . . 13 I I I I 14 I I I I IS I I I • l 16 .· . I I I I 17 I I I I l 18 • I I I I I I 1 ~ 19 I I I I 20 1··. I I I I I. 2i l - I I I I 22 I I I I I I ·i 23 I I I I I I 24 I I I I I I I 25 I I I I I -·- ...... EPA Form 3510.3 (6-80) CONTINUE ON REVERS PAGES-OF! 1 1. '!"",,.,.''A •• "'1", ..r ... ,.~r-. r a.:r:,. th, ••:: •· ...... · · · ''Y photocopi~d pa,~•J --~ .. __ ,_ . . ... ·----·--·. ·-· ··--~~\ ---·-·-··-- ··-··-··-·---_._...... ' Electroplating metal REVERSE 4!£,' {920) 20' MH. Shed I I c-: I 0 0 -o (11., 5'7' ~ &)'. 0 I ~+'ct .. (ao:3Q) I CoO' 0 122' I . .. ' I~.:J.'1J. (%2o) 120' I (??1 G) 12' I ~----.------~--~· ,~· _l•·® I ol' ,ca·(45?) 4-'3' I 24' (ffi) 21' I \ 'i I I os·,.. I EPA Fonn 3510.3 (6-80) ~. .._ ~.;~.~·,}QJ1.,_W:W. . . - ~...... _...... ,.,. 1.--. ' .. ~ •• Winterville Machine Works, Inc. \- TELEPHONE (118) 751-2130 228 SOUTH MILL STREE P.O. BOX521 I WINTERVILLE, N. C. PRECISION GRINDINQ-MI!TALUZINQ 28580 MANUFACTURE l REPAIR C I ELECTRO PLAT1NG-MI!TAL FINIIHING-FAaRICAT1NQ MACHINES, MACHINE ASSEMBLIES l PAR, February 7, 1983 I REFERENCE I 7 I Mr. 0. W. Strickland, Head Solid & Hazardous Waste Management Branch Environment.al Health Section I Division of Health Services P. 0. Box 2091 Raleigh, N. c. 27602-2091 I EPA I.D. NO. NCD 003183571 Classification Code 3471 I Certified Mail I Dear Mr. Strickland: On December 29, 1982 we appealed the penalty assessment and re~ quested an administrative hearing for the· penalty assessed a I gainst us in your letter to Mr. Howard Riggs dated December 13, 1982. the first week in January Mr. Glenn Dunn called and in formed me that he had talked with the people in his office and that they had ~nformed him that we had one of the best waste I treatment and storage facilities in North Carolina and that our hazard was very minimum in their opinion. They were -especially impressed with the storage facility we had built. Therefore, he I had approved a varience and would accept the $1,000,000.00 lia bility coverage we have in our general policy. In fact he was I not sure our agent knew what was required. We would like something in writing showing that the assessment of penalty, as shown in your letter of December 13, 1982 has I been dropped. I was very much surprised when Howard Riggs told me on January 10, 1983, that you had called him and suggested that we move I out our 739-1101 diatamaceous earth waste material within 90 days periods and that we would have to rent, or purchase, a holding tank for storage. You told him our facilities do not I meet EPA difinition of a container .. . -. I I 1..... I I Page - 2 I called Mr Dunn and he assured me that Mr. Riggs had misunder I stood you. He again praised our facility and said you only were asking that we move out the waste material within 90 days. I I assured him we would do this. Mr. Dunn called me back that afternoon after I had left the office and asked that I call him back the next morning. When I called him he advised that our· storage facility did not meet the EPA I difinition of a container or tank and that although it was com pletely safe we would not be allowed to use it ror waste materials. At that time, he did not seem to be aware that our waste water I had gone through a waste treatment process and the materials we were storing was only diatamaceous earth with a small amount of solids picked up in the filtering tank during the waste treatment I process. He said he was unaware that we had waste treatment facilities. I I asked him if there was any way we could modify our presant fa cility by putting steel doors in the front open~ng rather than a canvas door. He promised to check on this and 1et me know. He I has not done this; In checking North Carolina Hazardous Waste Management Rules we feel our facility meets the specifications of "Tank" as defined I on page 7 definition (115). It reads as follows: ""Tank" means a stationary device designed to contain an accumu1ation of hazardous waste which is constructed.primarily of noneartben materials (e.q., I wood, concrete, steel, plastic) which provide structural supports." Our facility meets these requirements. We feel it is much safer than a portable tank or steel box. I Also, the building is used as part of our waste treatment process. It is used to evaporate moisture from the diatamaceous warth after it is removed from our filtration tank. This makes our solide I waste easier to handle, and safer to transport. It weighs much less after it has dried and has less volumn which makes it more economical and safer to transport and dispose or at the proper I site. We would like to continue to use this building as part of our treatment process.. I On page 8 definition (122) our building comes under this catagory. It reads as follows:""Treatment" means any method, technique, or process, including neutralization, designed to change the physical, chemical, or biological character or composition of any hazardous I waste so as to neutralize such waste, or.so as to recover energy or material resources from the waste, or so as to render such waste non-hazardous, or less hazardous, safer to transport, store, or I dispose.of, or amenable for recovery, amenable ror storage, or re ciuced in volumn. I I I Page - 3 I Our building meets the requirement as part of the treatment system making it safer to handle, transport, and dispose of. We have at I tached sketches of the building as well as pictures. As you can see the upper portion of the walls and the roof is metal. When the sun is shinning it gets hot. inside and dries out the diatama I ceous earth. After it has dried we load it on a trailer and ship it to a disposal site. In doing this we feel we are meeting the requirements of North Carolina Hazardous Waste Management Rules. I Yours truly, I WINTERVILLE MACHINE WORKS, INC. p~~ I R. E. Carroll, Sec. & Treas. I REC: ca attachments I cc: Mr. Glenn Dunn, Attorney Division of Heath Services P. 0. Box 2091 I Raleigh, N. C. 27 602-2091 · I I I I I I .. I I I - • -1 ,·...... ~- -~-·------· - /~ I i -·~-- -''""~- llleJ_I~------Ro_oo_ld-H-.l-ev-iM-,M-.0-.,-M.-P.H-.--- nT STATE HEALTH DIRECTOR DIVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES REFERENCE I B P.O. Box 2091 Raleigh, N.C. 27602-2091 il1 llI ~ May 5, 1983 I• Winterville Machine Works P. 0. Box 446 fl Winterville, NC 28590 I Attn: Howard Riggs Dear Mr. Riggs: In view of your having been granted a variance and ~I having provided certification of adequate liability insurance, the administrative penalty of $200.00 assessed against Winterville Machine Works has been I rescinded. J Thank you for your cooperation in this matter. Sincerely, I (1(alA£':4..d Solid &Hazardous Waste Management Branch I Environmental Health Section •·. I.!_f ~· .. -,~';: ~:... i: I I I C Sarah T. Morrow, MD., MPH ~~ .. E~p , SECRETARY REFERENCE I 9 Ronald H. levine, M.D., M.P.H. .I STATE HEALTH OlllECTOil DIVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES I P.O. Box 2091 Raleigh, N.C. 27602-2091 I Date: February 25, 1983 Mr. R. E. Carroll I Winterville Machine Works, Inc. P .0. Box 529 I Winterville, N. c. 28590 Re: Facility ID No. NCD003l83571 Dear Mr. Carroll: I Based on information supplied by you we have processed and accepted at the State level your request for the facility identified with the above ID number to re I ceive the indicated change in classification under RCRA: Add As Delete As I 0 o· generator I 0 IZ transporter 0 g ~reater I 0 ~ storer ·.;• D D disposer I D D small generator We are advising F:PA of the change in your status.. Please notify us i.£ there is I any further change.in your operations which would again affect your status. Your EPA m NO. isO 11 nottxJ being cancelled. I Cordially, I ~r c and, ead Solid & Hazardous Waste Management Branch I Environmental Health Section ows I cc: Doug McCurry EPA Region IV ..... Emil Breckling I Billy Morris DRS Form 3048 3/82 I Solid & Raz. Waste Mgt. Branch I STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA ·Jo~~v~R!!;;'· Jr/ f?EPARTMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES Sarah T. ~:;~:;,.M.D .. M.P.H. REFEREHCE I 10 .:'{~~-1?-;~n~ki:;:~~/· . ·- ·-.-= . .. , ...... ' 57 t ...... • I . .•. ~ ! !, •. · .• ·, . - .. I j ~ . ,. .:.~ :.. · ~- .. , --=.:.·:.'.I·.·.·_,·_·.~~:.:-~~~~'.·>.···.·~.·--.·' :.. -> • • fiii!II..... !IIIIP . -... " . . . :( .. ! . . .- . . . J ": .~ I ! I. ' . ·: ~·: '· .' . .-· . . -~ ·- ''.'· ~ ALL-WEATHER· .. · \ I -.. <.. '.1· ·:· . ..·· I LEVEL . "!\ I rJrheb\Jok No. 311 .. !i ' ~ 0 ·q -~ :z. 1...- .. .;, . .r. _f4--l't53 - B : ·... ''! . 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I I-·- ·-i.ll'":>'iorr.-- -_----;-'--.~--=--_;=,--:U-:l.-~ ~ -~--~·-~··~==~~~ -·- ·-- :-----·-·-.---- -···-···-·-·- .. ------• . . ·, ' .. .. - .. '·r- ' I • • . ' ..·' : .'. c . • : r - .• - .: .. ·.• ,- . _! -:_,· __: . . ' .... ' :i:i~~:,;,),,. ·;;. ~' .> -. I, •'• •"• ~ ,! . , ~-·.-·\ -,1'•).- •1·'"1 II' ·.. . ' ~oo.·.·~'' • . . - . . . - . ' . ,, • .·. ' . . ~ ' . ' ...... ).·:: -... ', . " . .. . • ' ' • .. ,. ' ' ~ •, " ! . '•-Jo' I .. ' ' ' ' .. ' . " . . ' ...... " . ' ' . .. . . ' .....' .. ' '.· _,.. . ••• ' ' . - '· ' - . • ' ' . I . ' ...... ·--- ..... "t ..·- •• ~ ~ . • .. . ·' . . ... ~.(·c .. . J : '• • t . •ol •. • ' ' ' ' . .. • --~~; ·~:· ; ...... • ' ' ' . "--· ·•.. .. ' ' ' . . ·- .. ' •• '• • • ' .- • • ...... _.1" • :;. • • , ...·.:.-.·f.··· -\ ,...... _ .. ' ,. .. .· ' " • . '. )• . .. . ' • ' . . ~ ~ .- • . . .,. ' . '. ., .. . . .• ~ • ···:·.·-J·-~.~ ' . . • • ... "' _, ~ .,. ....• . • ---+----· • ...• '!" .• -. • . ;. '. . ._,. . . ' • • '.·,, .. ,, ' ' I ··.. ~~-.-~,.-,.,...... ' .: • .. . ··.~:,r-··.; ...... •' .. . .' ·. ' ... ' ;----- ..,. ' ...... ' ' ...... ' ' . . • . .... 1_ • ' ' # .... '\ .- ' •• ' ' '100 ... ·.. -.' ... ) ...... • f ,' • • • • • .. · ~~..,\ ·.. ' . . ..; . . ' ... ' ._ .., ...... •:·~ ~:·:. •• 0 ' ' • • . ' ' ' . ' ' .... •' . . . : .. .. ·- . .. ' .., "' .. ' ' ...... ' . ' ·. \ .. • •o'f. • - ' . - .. . ' ' . • . ' ••· •. t1. . .• ' • • •. ·-. ·.... __ .:_ __ . ' I' STANOAKOSA~fCOOfS ... . . ·, .~ ' ' .. .. ' ...... ----·-· ·-··---. . ..;... .- , ...... *' ...- .. . . • ...... ···-- . ' ... . . ·- . . ---P~ctmr. (If: Water Samples-- -- ... - ··-· ...... ------··- ..... • I I ...... 4 I . ····-··-··-·--····· ------· ..... ·- -·- ... -...... - .... I PW ·Private well SS ·Surface Soil • . -. . . ~------··- PB ·Public (Mumc•pal) W~ll SB ·Subsurface Soil MW • Mon•tormg (Permanent) Well ---- ... ------SZ • Saturat•on Zone I TW • Temoorary (Well Po•nt) Well • SO· Sed•ment • -- !1 ------.. • ... ------·--- ' !W • lndustnal Weu ' -1{)0 •• ---- • .C~ ·.Compos_•!• $olliQ;" ------. -. . .. - ... ' - . ··-· .. ... ' I I • I • Surh1ce Wahrr • . -. - .. . . - a .. , --~ . LS • Leachate So• I .• --li ' Oat I' ' --- ~ ' ••• - r ...... I • •- .. ·• '""'• • -- ., - '""'"_,a_.,_·-' ' . i~ J lft\.i • Spflng Water " - ...... -··· ...... -- • • ' _]' ..... ~I ·•1"·•4 .. , - •-4"' -~ -- lit:_-·" . --.. _,. ill rr~;.. . -.-- --· ' ...... ,., - . • '£:" -- -- ·Leachate W.ater._ ...... --·-·--- ... ..,.. i> ·1. •• --·--·--··-···· •. ·---· .. : ., . ' '• . -· •• . OCo! '.- I I . .. I ' .~oit~.·1o ------. --· -· ' ...... --- .•...... _. ----·· -·-· ··-.. ··· ...... f ' ~ ., _.. OTHER COOES • ' -~ ------• ...... ------·---:.4 ·Aif ~ '~. ·- . -· ...... -· -· .... • ------• ----- , • Picture n~: ! 1 • ' ... -. • Sludge . . -· - ...... - . ·-. . . ··- .. - -· ...... - .~ ···- • -,.- - • . . l ' . I ·Waste ·,,'J,; ' . ' • • \ ,· • ' . . . .. I - ' . . . . . ' - ·Drum ... ;· -- ' :. ' "' : . ) . - • ------' . ;~ ' ' ~-. ' ~ . • ·...... ' all samples that are to be analyzed by the in house FIT IV labor1tory, the ;I~ -, . • ·, U-t+:r, ' ' dtv•at•on from the nandard cQdes are to be used: Th~ letter •f• ' I . -~ . ' .. ------... ··-·-. ·-···-···- ---·- ...... ,.._:;:..~;:..- ~ . ---- ... ··-·- • • • "' ' ·' .i FIT L•b Analys•s) •s to be front of ttte sample ' Jl .. '!'IJ,~~~ ~ri. numbef:,~. •.' .. ·- -~~ .. • I· ' • ' I •ample:---• ·- StandiTCJ Auto sampling (;wesilijition·:·remper•ry w~u . ' ' • jJ ~~~· ' .. ' . roundw~ter. Sample ·-Numbet.OI~~.,.,... • • •. ---- =~""' 1 . . i' ~ • .~¥~ • ' " • l I - ' • . .:- .t.. ~ . OC~tiOn. • • • . ' .r:;·:;G:--~J . I , ' ' , .'' . .. - . ' . •• . • r' . . ' ' .' . •.. I' .. • •• • . •.· Pic It. re •'f.' . •• ' ' ' -- - f. ' ' . ' .•. 4. . •• • . --.;.._ -.--~=--·' • • • .- ·~· -..-.. - ·.•·c: ,.· -.;,~ • - • --· - -· ------·-- ., . ' - ., •.~-; ,_. '. i('. ...•. : '• • ' ': ' ' .. . ~~---}, i . .J~~i~/~:to...,' ... ,.__~~ • • - . - -' -' ' ' -. . ,_,...... , i •. ' .... - REFERENCE I 11 /BJ-~~~ WEATHE"PROOP' LEVEL NOTEIOOK NO. ll t :. f'f-1331 ~ . W, t.Hti..VIlLE > ---··· ..i . • : ._.. : -~ .. _' ':r·:· ;.~ ·.,- ... ·- ' ·; -•. LOGIOOIC AIQUIIliMINTS ~·NOVIMIUzt.1• 'I NOll: AU LANGUAGI SHOULD II PACYUALAND OIIICTIVI , ... ld f"t. I ·i- l.t-· ...... I. lttcOtd on front ccwtr of the Logbook: TDD No., Site Name, Site Loution, ProjeCt MMager 2. All entrift are made using ink. Drew a single line though erron. Initial and date correctiont. i' , I ]. Statement of Wortc Plan, Study Plan, and Safety Plan :I discussion and disuibution to field team with team member signaturft. 5. Sign and date each page. Project MaMger Is to review and sign off on each logbook dail1. 6. Document all calibration and ~atiOMI chedcs of equipment. Provide Mrial number~ of equipment UMd onslte. 7. Provide refer.nce to SM!pllng field Sheets for detliled sampling Information. .. Describe sampling locations 1n$lllil and document all cNnget from project p!Mning.documtnll. 9. Provide a site sketch with llfiiPielocatlons and photo loc.tion&. 10. Malntan photo log br compltdng tht stMtped Information •t the end of the logbook. II. If no lite repretentatlve Is on hMd to eccepc the receipt for samplft.,. entry to thet e«.ct must be pieced In tht logbook. I .. 12. Record I.D. numbers of COC and receipt for sample forms I UMd. Also record numbenofdeiUo,ed documemL ' ·------; ' 1]. Complete SMO lnfommlon 1ft the tpeee prowldecl. ! t I t I ! \ ~---. --~~~:\ \t L~:.p, . t t,__l(_ ----~------·- -~1---..:::;._4----'--=-+-----+ _ '} t r ~ ' 1 ' _ Cif .. ~-=---=-...!'---+----+--- __ .. '·' ,., i ... •' ~ - .. !---'' "t ,.·( f= ,C,:~~ i ...... , ~-._. t) .,_ -· ~~~--j~~---~~~~~~~--~---; l"-~ J, _.:::::...!..:.:~-+-;:__:_:... ::....=..t-_;_-=-~-~+--=----t-J__ .tjl_':y_?_ -- ,___----+-- ---~---+-----+----+·------·-- ..... ·------+------~----4----+-----t--· ------l-----4------+-----Jf-- I'"": h-'> L·.-~~ ~ J(uoOo ( .. J . 5 - lrVtl} ..Cv LJ Co 0 rp__l= ~lf_il~ ~... k: \c~. ... >\ l . -....:.. ·\1 [[) ...... t~ tiC ·~ ~'r b... ~:.~.,'.t '> ! I-~ ... bl .c. r-- - ~Xc h . .4.: ( (~·., I c. ~· ...I ~X j ~ ~ ,_ )().. -..J V) ·he_ "C'-tC~~ rr'),J~-~(\ ~ ~I\ \:x c V\ I- ~1n(~ :c"-'a~<< -~.x> lrt'i) .. 0 .\ "' X ' ~ r--. u ).- .....~ ~ ~ A.. ...'' ·"-'l .... ! s,,, .• X ./\ •.t.t '.::: ~>( .:;:"' )( II L·~ cluJ t I \... u~t ~~~. _. __ ...... » ~jlft ~l-~y ~ ::s & =< QC: f----J ~ ).S .·lc-~ :d. 4 ~ ~ 0£,Q D. 5 Ot 0 ...., .I (t~:dt~l(. .._ "'-" "-'-'- S "' 1 oJ t i ~ 1- I r Lt. I {( ~ .( ,_ L.)(!._ ~(.([~" • L,lloctll ~!) . - iL \-4.: c:--t~ o "' ~ ~ l' ~I ~~u u')lJ I ~~ ... · , .....< :::J .. lh .J ~ k.. ·-·c/ b. I I '-v,. > "-I-t 0 5' s'!:· ~.~.-~-t':> I of 'J~l"' ) I . l- j),,., t r>.t\ffb w. .; 1, .. .., 1 :;r jf )'\ (. L (I~ ~ \.., J I ., ~ L· -~~~--~~~----·~ ; v ( t' W""'-\ { : ... ' ' l~ ·(ltL{G [e,'(L_ I I tl, id, (LJ~L•, 't : ' __ ....;,~,-~ ~~~====::::::=~=!-r::-=----+--- -·- ----r WINTERVILLE MAcHINE WoRKS, INc. I •E~EPHONE (919) 756-2130 226 SOUTH Mill STREE" P.O. BOX 529 WINTERVILLE, N.C. I ?RECISION GRINDING-METALLIZING 28590 MANUFACTURE & REPAIR Of EL:CTRO P/.ATING-METAL FINISHING-FABRICATING MACHINES, MACHINE ASSEMBLIES & PART! I December 3, 1985 REFERENCE I 12 I I Division of Health Services I Solid & Hazardous Waste P. 0. Box 2091 I Raleigh, N. c. 27602 Attention: Stan Atwood I Dear Sir: Enclosed is a copy of our Solid Waste Analysis. This analysis I was fro~ a composite sample taken over a two week period. There have been no process changes and no changes are planned I in the future. This waste is disposed of at 90 day entervals by GSX Services of S. C. , Inc. I Sincerely, I WINTERVILLE MACHINE WORKS, INC. 7~~ 7?' I Howard Riggs, ~ Plating Supervisor I HR:ca I enclosure I I ... I It; I I' IV .. ~ •;•1.\101 ILU""11!! rnl~\ n ~ •; 11ol (j1 ...... 'i1 1(.;, ,I\~~ rf ,..------, .t ... -...... ~\.."J-.;...,1 :\!:'U ... U 09 ... _... :;....,J._.:.·~ ... l~..:'-"' ...... J '~ I R!.:St:LTS OF A:"'ALYSES FOR: 114 OAKMONT DRIVE, SUITE 3 BOX 7085 -: 'i~inte!:Vil~e Y.ac~ine (Solid) GREENVILLE. NORTH CAROLINA 27835·7085 1 Y.ay 21, l984 1 ------~ 19191 756·6208 R.:sidue: I' GE:\ERAL ANALYSES: [;_ I I! _Io1_:.tl Residue m!!/l Alb!inty_ I nl!!/1 11 Tuwl Sus..E£!ldcd Rc~iduc mg/1 ' Ac!c!ity I nll!/1 I Tota! Dissolvc:d Residue· mg/1 B.O.D. mg/1 Total Fixccl Re)idue ---"j mg/1 I Bromide ! mgL! ;J Susoendcd Fixed Residue I mg/1 Chloric!e i mg/1 ~ I Dissolved Fixed Resiuuc mg/1 C.O.D. m~~/1 i Total Volatile Residue mg/1 I Coliform Bacteria: Suspended Volatile Residue : mg/1 Fecai Coliform. ~f /100 mls I Dissolved Voi:Hile Residue: mg/1 Total Coliform. ~If-' /100 mls !I Total Coliform. ~PN /100 mls lj I Cyanide 0.16 m.r;LL_ I I I Cyanide, ;.~menable mg/1 I I l Deterg~nts (MBAS) mg/1 of.; ·-·---·- I Flash Point -- Fluorides m2/l Grease & Oil mg,/1 I Hardness mgL! I I Moisture % Metals: I EP TOXJCJl"Y ANALYSES: Aluminum ug/1 ! I Antimonity ug/1 II Arst!nk rn;.!!l Arsenic <1 ug/1 II Barium I m"/1 Barium <10 ug/1 !~ Cadmium m~/1 I Calcium ug/1 Chromium m~/1 I Cadmium 620 ug/1 I Lead mg/1 Copper 414 ug/1 Mercury mg.II Chromium, Total ug/1 Selenium mg/1 ll Chromium, Hexavalent <10 ug/1 i Silver mg/1 Iron ug/1 Lead 30 ug/1 I. Endrin mg/1· 1l Magnesium uefl II Undane mg/1 Manganese u.~:/1 I, .\iethox~chlur mgil Mercury Toxaphene mg/1 0.45 u~l!_jj ---1- . I Nickel ii I 1 u&/1 I 'I Potassium U!!/1 !I" 2,4·0 I mg!I II 2. 4, 5-TP (Silvex) mg/1 Selenium <1 u~ . ! Silver 1 ug/1 !; I Sodium u~/1 1: Zinc 5201 ue/1 '! I - '! 1 I I .I I I I ,.v .. lftrogen: i .. Ammonia Nitrogen mg/1 !, .. .; Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen mg/1 il .. Nitrate ~itrogen mg/1 I 1 .\'itrite Nitrogen mg/1 !i Units I Phenol us/1 I! : .. lfosoh:ue (as P) ! rng/J II II ../ REFERENCE I 13 •• 1§ 0 IT IL ~ lUJ 1K{ v JE y/ I ' I I I Pitt County I I North Carolina I ~------1 I I I I UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE I - SoU Conservation Service In cooperati'Jn with NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION I Iaued November 1974 I I . '. . --':.. -- . - . . ~ - .., iI 70 SOIL SURVEY pressure. Water normally rises in these wells to within summers, and it reaches 90° or higher on about half the I 30 feet of the surface. . days in an average summer. Table 9 gives temperature The chemical quality of the water in aquifers in Pitt and precipitation data for Pitt County. County is not uniform. Water from shallow aquifers is The average length of the freeze-free growing period generally slightly corrosive. Some of it contains an ob is about 220 days. This period generallv lasts from late I .iectionable amount of iron, but it is otherwise accepta in March until early in November. Table 10 shows the ble. Most water from deep artesian wells contains sodium probability of freezes of various intensities occurring in bicarbonate and is soft. Water obtained from aquifers in spring and in fall. impure limestone is moderately hard, but it is otherwise Thunderstorms account for a large part of the rain.,. I of good quality. · fall received during the growing season. Precipitation . during the growing season is variable from year to year, from month to month, and even from place to place Climate• within the county. In some years local areas may be I The climate of Pitt County is influenced by elevation, without a significant amount of rainfall for periods of by distances from the Atlantic Ocean and Pamlico 5 to 20 days. During these dry spells, irrigation can be , Sound, and by latitude and location of the county in the a worthwhile aid to growing crops. The amount of rain.:·· continent. The climate is also influenced, to some extent, fall is frequently increased in autumn and occasionally I by the Tar River, which flows southeastward through the in summer by the passage of a tropical storm over the northern third of the county. Throu~hout the county, county. differences in elevation are not ~at. Elevations are low Rainfall in winter is usually associated with large est along the river, where the soils are nearly level. They low-pressure storms passing over the eastern part of I are highest in areas of gently roJling and 'sloping soils the United States or over the Atlantic Ocean. It is lea! farther back from the river. Temperature and precipita variable than rainfall in summer. Short periods with tion data obtained from obsen·ations at Greenville, near out a significant amount of rainfall are less important the center of the county, are representative o£ the climate in winter than in summer because evaporation and trans- ::£ I in Pitt County. piration are lower. 'tS In the more than 50 years during which records have Some snow or sleet occurs almost every winter, but . _,;.!.' been kept at Greenville, the lowest temperature ever re accumulations are ~nerally small, and they melt in a ·)t~ corded there was zero, and the highest was 106° F. The few hours. The blanketing effect of a layer of snow that -· ·· I temperature reaches 100° at least once in about hal£ the lasts for several days is extremely rare. About once in 10 years, on the average, as much as 10 inches. of snow • • By A. V. HARDY, climatologist for North Carolina, National accumulates. In about one-third of these occurrences, I Weather Service, U.S. Department of Commerce. snow remains on the ground for a week or more. TABLE 9.-Temperature and precipitation I [All data except soil temperatures were obtained from records at Greenville] I Temperature Precipitation Two years in 10 will have at One year in 10 Days Average Aver- Aver- least 4 days with- will have- with depth of Month age age Aver- 1 inch snow on daily d~ily- age or more days with I maxi- mtm- Maximum Minimum total Less More snow snow mum mum temperature temperature than- than- cover cover equal to or equal to or higher than- lower than- I January______•F. •F. •F. •F. In. In. In. No. In. 55 33 72 15 3. 3 1. 5 6. 4 2 1 February------57 34 74 18 3. 4 1. 1 5.4 1 2 March______64 40 84 22 3. 6 2. 1 5.5 (I) 2 ApriL •••• ___ _ May. ______74 48 88 32 3. 5 1. 2 6. 5 0 0 I June ______82 58 94 43 3.4 1. 0 5. 6 0 0 July ______88 65 97 54 4. 1 1. 6 7. 0 0 0 91 69 98 61 6.8 2.0 14.0 0 0 August •••••••• 90 68 97 59 5.6 1. 9 10.6 0 0 September. ___ _ 85 63 95 48 4.8 • 9 9. 2 0 0 I October ______75 50 88 34 2. 8 • 6 7. 6 0 0 November•. ___ _ 65 40 79 25 3. 0 . 7 6. 6 0 0 December ____ . 56 33 72 15 3. 3 1. 2 5.7 (1) 1 I · Year______73 50 2 100 3 12 47.5 36.7 56.0 4 2 J Less than one-haH day. 2 Average annual highest temperature. I 2 Average annual lowest temperature. I I... PITr COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA 71 TABLE 10.-Probabilitiu of la8tjreezing temperatures in spring andfirst in fall I - [All data from -records obtained at Greenville) - - ~ ------Dates for given pr~bability and tempe_!'&ture - - Probability - I ------16° F. or lower '20° F. or lower 24° F. or lower 28ct F. or lower 32° F. or lower - Spring: I 1 year in 10 later than------,----- · February 28 March 11 March 23 ~ril·6 April16 2 years in 10 later-than.. •••• =------;.•------,.F:ebruary 15 February 28 March 14 arch 29 A ril9 5 yea_!S in 1_0 later than...------January 25 February 12 February .25 March 15 ~reb 26 - - - Fall:- - - - I 1 year in 10 earlier than------~------November 9 November 23 November 10 October 30 October 19 2 yeal'll in 10 earlier than----~------December 13 November 29 November 16 November 5 October 26 5 years in 10 earlier than ____------December- 24 December 10 November 27 November 16 November 5 1-- - Cloudiness is variable. The sun shines, on the ave~ge, Farming -more than half the total number of daylight hours in winter and nearly two-thirdS of the . total number of The growing season in Pitt County is long enough that I daylight hours in other seasons. The averag:e relative tobacco, peanuts, corn, soybeans, cotton, cucumbers, and humidity is about 85 percent at sunrise, and 1t drops to sweetpotatoes have time to mature. In 1969, income from about 50 percent by midafternoon. sales of tobacco accounted for about 78 percent of all the Tropical storms only occasionally retain destructive income derived from the sale of farm, products. Good I force.when they move inland as far as Pitt County. High markets for crops and timber are located within the county. est wmds more often result from thunderstorms "in sum l\Inrkets for livestock are located at Kinston, Rock-y Mount, mer than from tropical storms. Such winds are local and - ".,.ilson, Tarboro, Bethel, and Greenville. I are of brief duration. Direction of surface winds is vari Acreages of the principal crops harvested in 1969 were ~~le in all-seasons, but the direction of prevailing winds as follows (11) : is from the southwest:· In autumn, however, northeaster Acre a ly winds are a close second. The average surface wind Tobacco __ :.. ______·------=------20, 481 Peanuts------~------7,159 I speed i~ about 8 miles per hour. Corn------55,759 Soybeans------21,863 Industry and Transportation Cotton ------1,082 Cucumbers ------744 I In 1967, 75 industrial plants were located in Pitt In 1969, a total of 7,848 head of cattle, 51,980 hogs and County. In that year industries provided employment tn pif!S. nnd 580,624: hens and pullets of laying age were in about 4,200 persons. Tobaceo, wearing apparel, lumlX'r. the county. plastics, and processed foods were among the product:-: I manufactured.' Literature Cited Public transportation in the county is provided h\ railroads, buslines. and numerous interstate and intr:i ( 1) AlltERICAN AsSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY OFFICIALS. 1061. STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR HIGHWAY MATERIALS AND state trucking lines. In addition, a municipal airport METHOlJS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING. Ed. 8, 2 V,, I serves the county. illus. (!!) BALDWm, l\I., KELLOGG, C. E., and THORP, JAMES. 1038. SOIL CLASSIFICATION. U.S. Dept. Agr. Ybk.: 979-1001, Cultural Facilities illus. I 3) BROWN, PHILIP. It Among the cultural, recreational, educational, and 1059. GEOLOGY AND GROUND•WATEB RESOURCES m THE GREEN• • religious facilities in the county are many civic clubs. VILLE AREA, NORTH CAROUNA. N.C. Dept. of Con an active wildlife club, several golf courses and countrY servation and Development, Div. of Mineral Res., clubs, a riding academy, more than 100 churches, and Bul. No. 73, 87 pp., lllus. ( 4 l SCHUMACHER, F. X., and CoiLE, T. S. numerous Home Demonstration and 4-H clubs. The 1960. GROWTH AND YIELDS OF NATURAL STANDS OF THE SOUTH• Greenville Art Center, the summer and winter pla,· ERN PINE. 115 pp., T. S. Coile, Inc., Durham, N.C. houses, and the theater at East Carolina Universitv, atid l:i) SntoNsoN, RoYW. the educational courses available at that school and at 1002. SOIL CLASSIFICATION IN THE UNITED STATES. Sci. 137: 1027-1034. Pitt Technical Institute all enhance the cultural de (G) THORP, JAMES, and SMrrH, GUY D. v~~opment of the county. Clinics and rehabilitation fa 1910. HIGHER CATEGORIES OF SOIL CLASSIFICATIO:S : ORDER, cihttes are available for health care. SUBORDER, AND GREAT SOIL UROUPS. Soil Sci. 67: 117-126. ('i) U:-;rrED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. • Facts about industrial development were supplled bv the En ~r 1020. VOLUME, YIELD, AND STAND TABLES FOB EIECONI>-GBOWTH ~arolina University Regional Development Institute, East Caru SOUTHERN PINES, Misc. Pub. 50, 202 pp, [Out Of nn University, Greenville, N. C. print] .-:--_~~~-=--2~--'- - -:- --- .- . -~--:: --:::=-"'~-':' ;;..~·. l NUS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIE! REFERENCE I 14 rELECON NOTE I CONTROL NO. F4-8902·59 ~ DATE: MayS, 1989 T1ME: 7:50 r F4-8902-64 DISTRIBUnON: I Coastal Chemical Corporation Winterville Machine Works I - BETWEEN: Kent Nelson OF: North carolina Widlife PHONE: (919) 756-9753 I Commission AND: MltchCohen,~~~ ~ I DISCUSSION: I Kent said that fish caught in the tributaries located in the study area indude: bluegill, bullhead and red fin pickerel. Also, a state and federally endangered species, the Tar River, Spiny mussel, is found in Swift Cre~k. . . c _, I • I I I I I ACTION ITEMS:. ·.,. · I I I I I NU\ 067 Rfiii\EO 0635 -·- I REFERENCE I 15 • ENDA"~~RED.AND THR£ATEIED SPECIES I I I I I I I I ·•) I I I I I I I I I U.S. FISH AND WILDLI~E SERVICE REGION 4- ATLANTA I I 12/87 I Fede~ally Lfsted Species by State I NORTH CAROlINA CE•Endangered; T•Threatentd; CH.Cr1t1cal Habitat deter.tned) I M.. als General Otstrtbutton Bat, gray (Myotts ,~tsescens) - E Ext~... Southwest Bat, Indiana (Mf:t s s0da11s) - E West I Bat, Vf~gtnta 6 g-eared (Plecotus townsendtt vt~gtntanus) - E Ave'f'7 County Cougar, easte~n (Felts concolor cousar) - E· Enttre state M•atee, West Indfu (frfchechus •anatus) - E Coastal waters I Shrew, Ofs ..l Swa.p southeastern (Sorex lonstrostrts ftshert) - T Dts.al SwiiP: C11den, Gates · Pasquotlftlc. and Perqu1mans I Countfes Squtrrel, C1t0ltna northern flytng I CGl&ucQ!ZS sabrtnus coloratus) - E Western mountains CY•ey eo ...ty) Whale, flnback (lal ..~tera phzsalus) - E Coastal waters I Whale, hUIIIPbiCk L1at~1s he11e~1 (Helle~·s blazing star) - T Ashe, Ave~, Caldwell, I Burke Counties ~1ndera me11sstfolta (pondberry) • E Bladen County Lysimachfa asperu1aefolta I (rough-leaved toasestr1re) - E Carteret, Scotland, C~~land/Bladen, Brunswick, Pender, and Hoke Counties I Oxy~lts canbyt (Canby•s dro~rt) Scotland County say tarfa tasctculata - E bunchid arrowhead) - E Henderson County I Sarracen1a oreoph11a (green p1£Cher plant) - E Clay County Solidago s~tthllaea I (81 ue Rf ge go1dinrod) - T Ave~ and Mitchell Counties I I I I I I I I I I 3 I I EXPLANATION OF NC NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM DATABASE OUTPUT I Probably the most important database kept by the N.c. Natural Heritage Program is.the one that tracks occurrences of elements of natural diversity (rare animals, rare plants, geologic f~atures, special animal habitats). The output· I (printout) you have received is a subset of this very large database. Each record (an occurrence) is printed out in a particular format, the structure of which is explained below. I -. EOCODE: ·Ihternal coding for the element occurrence. The first letter indicates the kind of element: I I. A=vertebrate animal N=nonvascular plant G=geologic feature P=vascular plant I !=invertebrate animal S=special animal habitat For vertebrates, the second letter indicates the order (taxonomic), with A=amphibians, B=birds, F=fish, etc. For vascular plants, the second letter indicates whether the plant is I a monocot (M), dicot (D), pteridophyte (P), or gymnosperm (G). For nonvascular plants, the second letter indicates whether the plant is a bryophyte (B) or lichen (L). I The last 3 digits, following the decimal point, are the number of that occurrence of the species i~ the database. For plants, numbers with an H are occurrences reported from before I 1935 which have not been found since. In some cases, H has also been used to indicate very vague records, or population~ Known to have been extirp~ted. I NAME: Scientific name of the element. COMNAME: Common name of the element. I FEDSTAT: Federal status of the species, from Endangered & Threatened Wildlife and Plants, April 10, 1987. 50 CFR 17.11 & 17.12. Department of Interior. Established by the Endangered I Species Act of 1973, as amended. LE =Taxa currently listed as Endangered LT = Taxa currently listed as Threatened PE =Taxa currently proposed for listing as Endangered I PT = Taxa currently proposed for listing as Threatened Taxa under review for possible listing ("candidate species"): C1 = Taxa with sufficient information to support listing I C2 = Taxa without sufficient information to support listing STATESTAT: Status of the species in North carolina. For plants, from Sutter, R.D., L. Mansberg, and J.H. Moore. 1983, Endangered, I threatened, and rare plant species of North carolina: a revised I 1 I •I I list. ASB Bulletin 30:153-163, and updated lists of the Natural Heritage and Plant conservation Programs. E = Endangered T = Threatened I sc = Special Concern PP = Primary Proposed SR = Significantly Rare I E,T,and ~c species are protected by state law (the Plant Protection an• conservation Act, 1979); the other two categories indicate rarity and the need for population monitoring, as determined by the Plant Conserv. I tion and.Natural Heritage Programs. -. For animals, from Cooper, J.E., s.s. Robinson, and J.B. Funderbur . (Eds.), +977. Endangered and Threatened Plants and Animals of North ·carolina';- N.C-. Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, NC. 444 pages+. i- I xvi. E ='· Endangered T .; Threatened SR = Sifnificantly Rare I sc = Special Concern UNK = Undetermined EX = Extirpated I GRANK: Nature Conservancy "global rank." Gl = Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity or otherwise very vulnerable to exinction throughout its range. G2 = Imperiled globally because of rarity or otherwise vulnerable I to extinction throughout its range. G3 = Either very rare and local throughout its range, or found. locally in a restricted area. ·· I G4 = Apparently secure global~Y; though it may be quite rare in parts of its range (especially at the periphery~. G5 = Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare ir parts of its range (especially at the periphery). I GU = Possibly in peril but status uncertain; need more informatic GX = Believed to be extinct throughout range. Q = a suffix attached to the Global Rank indicating questionable taxonomic status. I T_ = an additional status for the subspecies or variety; the G rc then refers only to the species as a whole. I SRANK: Nature Conservancy state rank. Coding similar to global ranks.- COUNTYNAME: Acronym for the coun~y. In general, this is the I first four letters of the county name. QUADNAME: USGS quad map name, at 7.5 minute scale when I available. PRECISION: The precision with which the location can be mapped from the available information: s=seconds (hundreds of feet), M=minutes (up to 1.5 mile radius), G=qeneral (to a place name I only, or up to 5 mile radius). I 2 I I- I LAT, LONG: Latitude and Longitude coordinates for the center of the occurrence. I LASTOBS: Year, month, and day the element_was last observed. DIRECTIONS: How to find the site. 1-- GENDESC: -General description. A word picture of the site, describing the habitat. I ELEV, SIZE: Elevation and size of the occurrence. EODATA: Information on number, size, condition, and other -relevant ~nformation on the element occurrence. • ! I COMMENTS: Additional information on the occurrence, the site, or sources qf information. I SITENAME: Name of the site as standardized by the Natural Heritage Program for internal use. Many sites do not have a name. I OWNER: Name of owner of the site (some abbreviations used). SPECSTAT: Codes indicating special status of the site. AEC=Area of Environmental concern DED=Dedicated State Nature Preserve I ESN=National Estuarine Sanctuary EWA=Established Wilderness Area EAN=Conservation Easement .. NNL=National Natural Landmark I NPK=National Park NPY=National Parkway NSH=National Seashore RHA=Registe~ed Natural Heritage Area I RNA=Research Natural Area (USFS) SPK=State Park (incl. State Natural Areas) ORW=Outstanding Resource Water WSR=Wild and scenic River I ••• and a few others, infrequently used I OWNERCOM: Comments on ownership. PROTCOMM: Comments on need for additional protection for the element. I MGMTCOMM: Comments on need for management of the site for the element. I SOURCE: Best source of information on the element occurrence. I I 3 -I •I I 07/05/89 Pane 241 I NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM NATURAL AREAS'DATABASE ------~------VOICE OF AMERICA COUNTYNAME: NCPJ TT I QUADNAME: WILMAR DIRECTIONS: EXTREME SOUTHEASTERN PITT COUNTY. JUST NORTHEAST OF SR 1785, SR 1786. AND SR 1a00. OWNER: U.S. GOVERNMENT I PROTSTAT: NO PROTECTION STATUS I VOICE OF AMERICA S~ATE ST~ I Plants: FromcSutter, R.D., L. Mansberg, and J.H~ Moore. 1983. Endangered~ threatened, and.rare plant species of North Carolina: a revised list. ASB Bulletin 30:153-163, and updated lists of the Natural I Heritage and Plant Conservation Programs. E = Endangered PP = Primary Proposed T = Threatened· SR = Significantly Rare sc = Special Concern I E,T,and sc species are protected by state law (the Plant Protection and conservation Act, 1979); the other two categories indicate rarity and the need for population monitoring, as determined by the Plant Conserva I tion and Natural Heritage Programs. Animals: From Cooper, J.E., s.s. Robinson, and J.B. Funderburg (Eds.). I 1977. Endangered and Threatened Plants and Animals of North Carolina. N.C. Museum of Natural History, Raleigh, NC. 444 pages + i-xvi, and updated lists of the Natural Heritage Program. E = Endangered sc = Special Concern I T = Threatened UNK= Undetermined SR = Significantly Rare EX = Extirpated I FEDERAL STATUS From Endangered & Threatened Wildlife and Plants, April 10, 1987. SO CFR 17.11 & 17.12. Department of Interior. Established I by the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. E = ~axa currently listed as Endangered T = Taxa currently listed as Threatened PE =-Taxa currently proposed for listing as Endangered I PT = Taxa currently proposed for listing as Threatened Taxa under review for possible Hstinq ("candidate species"): Cl = Taxa with sufficient information to support listing I C2 = Taxa without sufficient information to support· listing I I I •I I GLOBAL RANK (STATE RANK) The Nature Conservancy's system of measuring rarity and I threat status. "Global" refers to worldwide, 11 State" to statewide. Gl = Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity ~r otherwise very vulnerable to exinction throughout 1-- its range. G2 = Imperiled globally because of rarity or otherwise vulnerable to extinction throughout its range. G3 = Either very rare and local throughout its range, or I found locally in a restricted area. G4 = Apparently secure globally, though it may be quite rare · ifn parts of its range (especially at the periphery). I GS =·Demonstrably secure globally, t~ough it may be quite :~;are in parts of its range (especially at the periphery). GU = Possibly in peril·but status uncertain; need more information. I GX = Believed to be extinct throughout range. Q = a suffix attached to the Global Rank indicating questionable taxonomic status. T_ = an additional status for the subspecies or variety; the I G rank then refers only to the species as a whole. State rank codes follow the same definitions, except substitute the words, "in the state," for "globally" or "throughout its I range." I I I I I I I I I •I I 06/30/89 NORTH CAROLINA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM ELEMENT LIST I state 1·ed state qlc•b scientific and COMMOn naMe st.at stat r•aYok raYok AMBLOPLITES CAVIFRONS sc 53 G3 ROANOKE BASS AMMODRAMUS HENSLOWII sc 53 G4 1-·- HENSLOW'S SPARROW CONDYLURA CRISTATA 3C 53 G5 STAR:-NOSED MOLE I LAMPETRA AEPYPTERA sc s~: G5 LEAST BROOK LAMPREY NECTURUS LEWI?I. sc .:;c 54 G? N~USE RIVE~ WATERDOG I NOTURUS FURIOSUS sc ::.c CAROLINA MADTOM s;::: G2 PICOIDES BOREALjS E LE RED COCKADED WOODPECKER I COASTAL PLAIN SMALL STREAM SWAMP, BLACKWATER s~ G5 DRY OAK--HICKORY FOREST 55 I DRY-MESIC OAK--HICKORY FOREST 55 G5 MESIC MIXED HARDWOODS FOREST, COASTAL PLAIN SUBTYP 53 G5T4 I RELICT BEACH RIDGE G4 AUTOCHTON CELLUS UNK 82? GOLD-BANDED SKIPPER I ELLIPTIO STEINSTANSANA E LE 51 G1 TAR RIVER SPINY MUSSEL FUSCONAIA MASONI T G3 ATLANTIC PIGTOE I LAMPSILIS OCHRACEA sc G4 TIDEWATER MUCKET LIGUMIA NASUTA sc G4 EASTERN PONDMUSSEL I PROCAMBARUS MEDIALIS sc G? CRAYFISH CALAMOVILFA BREVIPILIS T Sl PINEBARRENS SANDREED G4 I ISOETES RIPARIA SR 51 RIVERBANK. QUILLWORT I I I I I I t..; I. REFERENCE I t 6 I I I I I I I I I I ··-.. ... .·!r I ... I I -·· ... I .. ~·~.:.:j: ·-· -~-~;_ ~. I ~ -~.: ~. ., I . .. ~·:· ·:.- ..•. '""'\ ·:. I .... - ~ .... -· ::. I ; -.~ .. ·· .:1 .. --.~~·~·-. .··... . · ------'1 ; J;~., I ~ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE C. R. Smith, Secretary ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE SERVICES ADMINISTRATION Robert M. White, Administrator EN VIR ON MENTAL DATA SERVICE Woodrow C. Jacobs, Director JUNE 1968 REPRINTED BY THE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION 1983 ... Ii;l PO---- RATION ,. -·- \- ---··- ... -\ ...... \ ••• i c 0 \ --· ~ .·. Based_~ period 1946-55 .,c :...... ~ ... - .. l. L •: .. IJN (inches) BY STATE CLIMATIC DIVISIONS ,. I I . . --' I ------l ·. nt:I',\UTMJ-:r\T CW C:UI\11\It:no: 1'. W. Jh.lo loii.:•UIIM. C,j,;,.r :·;..- ::. llniM;f."<. ~"'~.~~J TECHNICAL PAPEil N(). 40 I J RAINFAll~ FREQUENCY ATLAS OF THI~ UNI'"fED S11\1,ES for Durations from 30 Minuteg to 24 Hours and / Return Periods from 1 to 100 Yctu·s I r..,..,....., -...... j UA\'IIt M. llt:K~ntU:I.It , .: ..,. •...- .... llhl·lo·"· !'!toll .....~ ...... ~·In ' ·"· , .... ,•• ,,,"' "' .. r '"'".""""' fI I I \'j .. 1 PROPERTY OF EPA \ FIT tV I'~ :.. . ~~ ' I ~- - -~~~~~~~~~-~--~-r~---~j~-~---Tj~---~,-~---~---~--·~--~----~-~-~~~~FT~~------_"';" __ ,-- 2-YEAR 24-HOUR RAINFALL (INCHES) . --- · .•' ._ ..• J ~ G D &. p .. ! ~- ...... 1 ----- .. ~ --:~-----..--- 1111 REFE'RENCE I lB I NUS CORPORA nON AND SUBSIDIARIES TELECON NOTE I CONTROL NO. F4-8902·59 DATE: May4, 1989 TIME: 14:15 I F4-8902-64 DISTRIBUTION: I Coastal Chemical Corporation I Winterville Machine Works BETWEEN: Cliff Strickland OF: Greenville, NC PHONE: (919) 752·7166 I- Public Utilities AND: Mitch Cohen. NUS Co~ (jj I DISCUSSION: I Cliff said that there are no surfa.ce water intakes located in Pitt County except for the Tar River intake in Greenville. I I I I I I I ACTION ITEMS: I I I I NUS 067 REVISED 0685 REFERENCE I 19 Refereaee No, 1' ~ -· ···-· GEOLOGY lrND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES o·F PITT COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA ' DIVISION OF GROUND WATER ~ ,,~ GROUND WATER- BULLETIN NUMBER 18 North Carolina Department of Water & Air Reaourcea ~·<; -.:·- . RALEIGt ·-~--.,-.F MARaf 1970 -·I GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA By car Iton T. Sums ion U. S. GeoLoticaL SunJsy GRO\NJ lATER BULLETIN til. 18 North carol ina Department of later and Air Resources George E. Pickett, Dirscw DIVISI~ OF lmiiJ lATER Harry M. Peek, Chief Prepared by the United States Geological SurTey in cooperation with the Pitt County Board of Commissioners and the North Carolina Department of Water and Air Resources MARQf 1! AND GROUND- WATER GEOLOGY ...... RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA By Carlton T. Sumsion Prepared by the -~-- United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Pitt County Board of Commissioners and the North Carolina Department of Water Resources · ·5A Raleigh, North carolina -~ 1970 CONTENTS Page Abstract ••••••••••• • • • •. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •. •...... 1 Introduction ••••••••• • •• • •••• • •. • • • • ••• ••••• • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 Objectives and methods •••• :...... 2 Well-location system...... 3 Previous investigations...... 3 Acknwledgmen ts • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 5 Regional sett1ng...... 6 Location and accessibility...... 6 Climate ••••••••••••••••• • •••• • •••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 Physiography and drainage ••••••••••••••••••••• ·• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 GeneralPopulation geology...... ••••••••••••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . 9 8 Basement rocks. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 9 Cretaceous System...... 10 Lower Cretaceous Series ••••••••••••••• ~...... 10 Upper Cretaceous Series...... 10 Tuscaloosa Formation...... 10 Black Creek Formation...... 13 Pee dee Forma,tion. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •.. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 13 Tertiary System...... 17 Paleocene Series...... 17 Beaufort Formation...... 17 Eocene Series...... 17 Castle Hayne Limestone...... 17 Miocene Series...... 20 Yorktown Formation...... • • • • • 20 Quaternary System...... 22 Post-Miocene deposits...... 22 Hydrology ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ·•• ; • ·••••• ·• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 23 E.vapotranapiration.. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 23 Occurrence of ground water...... 24 Recharge and movement ••••••••••••••• ~ ••••• ~.. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 24 Aquifer c:harac:terfstics ••••••••••••• • ·••• · ••••• ; ••••••••··•••••••••• 25 Aquif~rs ••••••••••• ·•••••••••••••••••••• · •••••••• ·•• ·••• ·• • • • • • • • • • • • 30 Aquifer 1. ~ •· ••· ••••••••••••••••••••· •·• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 30 Aquifer 2. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 30 Aquifer 3.. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 33 Aquifer JA.. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 33 Aquifer 4 •••••••••••••••••••••· ••••••••••••••• ~...... 34 Aquifer 5 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ~ ·•• ·~. ;. ~...... 34 Aquifer 6 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ·• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 34 Aquifer 7 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••·•• • • • • • • • • • • • 35 Type• of well development~ •••••••••••••••••••••••• ·~·...... 36 Dug and bored wells...... 36 Driven wells. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 36 iv ~CONTENTS (Continued) Page Types of well development--continued Drilled wells ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• • ••• 37 Drawdown and the spacing of wells ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 38 Utilization of ground water ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 40 Chemical quality of water •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 41 Hardness •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 41 Turbidity ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 43 Temperature ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 43 Specific electrical conductance ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 43 Hydrogen-ion concentration (pH) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 44 Silica (5102) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 44 Al\llllinum (Al) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 44 Iron (Fe) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 45 Manganese (MD) •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 45 Calcium (Ca) and magnesium· (Mg) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• .46 Sodium (Na) and pota&fium (K) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 46 Carbonate (C03) and bicarbonate (HC03} alkalinity ••••••••••••••• 46. Sulfate (S04) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 47 Chloride ( Cl) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 47 Fluoride (F) •••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 47 Nitrate (N03) ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 48 Phosphate (P04)••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 48 Water conditioning •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 48 SlUDIDaey and conclusions •••••••••••••••••••••.••.••_ ...... ··~ •••••••••••••• 50 References ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••• 51 Basic data ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 53 v ILLUSTRATIONS (Plates are inside back cover) Plate 1. Geologic sections A-A' and B-B' in Pitt County, North Carolina. 2. Map showing aquifer depths and ground-water quality in Pitt County, North Carolina. Page Figure 1. Index map of North Carolina showing the location of Pitt County...... 2 2. Diagrams of well-numbering system used in North Carolina.. 4 3. Well-location map ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• facing page 6 4. Graphs showing temperatures and precipitation at Greenville...... 7 5. Hap shpwing generalized configuration of the top of the basement surface...... 11 6. Map showing the configuration of the top of, and the thickness of, the Lower Cretaceous Series ••••••••••••••• 12 7. Map showing the configuration of the top of, and the thickness of, the Tuscaloosa Formation ••••••••••••••.••. 14 8. Map showing the configuration of the top of, and the thickness of, the Black Creek Formation ••••••••••••••••• 15 9. Map showing the configuration of the top of, and the thickness of, the Peedeetl'orm&~~~~;:;-.-;.;-.. :.;:~~ ~- •••••• 16 10. Map showing the configuratiOa'_of-:the, tap~ of!~,.. ancJ-3 th~ thickness of, the Beaufort: F~nset~~ .. _r.. _.;;.-.,:: •• ·.~ •• : •••••• 18 11. Map showing the configur~tion~ of; ;~~.;uop;; csf:;<~~d ·t~!-i thickness of, the Castle Hayne~;~~Qrle. • :..... •:! • • ~ ••••• 19 12. Geologic map showing the confi.pra.tiOD.l.:ofi .tbe::pr~Miocene .I- '· .•• . • ... - .. - -~ surface ...... • •.:•·+~r.~~~~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~~~· .. ~ ~. ~~· .... ! 21 13. Seasonal changes in water level :S:ir :w.~l~l6 ~and. 1~: f~ of other artesian wells during·:1.~T~~-~!;~:~ .. ·<· .>•• ~.~ ••••• 26 14. Hydrologic cycle and generalized.-~r~c~~-~~pf ground-· water movement ...... ••..• ~ ...... - .• ~-·-~*·· ...... •--:• .... . 27 15. Generalized piezometric surface of. aciuif'~S.~2 and ·3 ••••••• 28 16. Relation of drawdown to time in ax:tesian aquifers-of· different transmissibilities ...... : ..... _.: ••••••••••••• •. 39 : ...... ~ .. . .• !· '': ' .:· ·- .. - :~ . :. ~. ' - - . ~' vi TABLES Page Table 1. Log of test well at Winterville, N. C...... 54 2. Geologic units and related aquifers in Pitt County ••••••••• 31 3. Some quantitative values of aquifers in Pitt County •••••••• 32 4. Chemical analyses of water from selected wells in Pitt Coun·ty • ••.••••••••••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . • . • . • • • • . • • 42 s. Records of wells in Pitt County...... 57 vii GEOLOG~ AND GROUND- WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA By Carlton T. Sumsion ABSTRACT This report describes the geology and ground-water resources of Pitt County. in eastern North Carolina. Pitt County. ::omprises. an area of 656 square miles and has a population of"about 64,000. The climate is humid. "'Mean an nual precipitation in the county is approximately 48 inches. The ·topography of the county is typical of the Coastal Plain Province,. a flat, sandy plain whose only steep slopes are along stream-valley terraces~ The northern and central parts of the county are drained by the Tar River and its tributaries. Contentnea and Swift Creeks, which are tributary to the Neuse River, drain the southern part of·the county. N4arly flat-lying surficial sediments of Holocene and Tertiary age over lie strata of Cretaceous age which dip gently to the southeast. The sedimentary strata lie on a basement complex of granitic and metamorphic rocks having an irregular surface which slopes to the southeast.. -. .. ~ ·· · Seven major aquifers, five of which underlie only part of the county and two of which underlie.the entire county,. serve a~ sources of ground water. Ground water is recovered... frClGI both confin~d (ar'tesianf· and'. unconfined (water table) aquifers;. l:arge quantities of ground water suitable· for industrial or municipal supplies are obtained from confined (artesian) aquifers tapped by drilled wells. Current ground-water.withdrawal in Pitt County is only a small percentage of recharge, and nowhere has there been'an'ovefdraft. Ground water.·in the shallow unconfined aquifer .. is generally slightly acidic and in many casea·contains objectionable amounts ~ron. Most farm water sup- of . e8"' · plies are withdrawn from these shallow aquifers •. ~e~p~r confin~d aquifers, mainly in Cretaceoua sediments, yield larg~ amounts of water suftable for most industrial and municipal requirements. Brackis~or saline ·ground water is present in these deeper strata in the eastern part of the co~nty. - 1 - INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES AND METHODS Ground water is one of the most valuable natural resources of the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. As the population, economy, and industrial develop ment of this area continue to flourish and expand, the need for adequate in formation on occurrence, quantity, quality, movement, and use of ground water becomes increasingly important. Recognizing such information as basic to the establishment of sound policies for the effective development and management of ground water, the study of this natural resource in Pitt County (fig. 1) was begun in August 1963 by the U. S. Geological Survey at the request of the Pitt County Board of Commissioners and the State Department of Water and Air Resources (formerly the Department of Water Resources). Figure 1.--Index map of North Carolina showing the location of Pitt County. The principal objective~o~ this report are to describe the geologic formations and the extent of productive water-bearing zones in Pitt County and to provide t~e quantitative and qualitative hydrologic data needed for development and management of the ground-water resources. During the field study data were collected on selected wells in the county• Wherever possible, water levels in the wells were measured. For some wells hydrologic data were obtained from the owners or from well-drilling companies. Data resulting from controlled pumping tests were obtained at the test sites or from drillers well records and from municipal well records. Al titudes of many wells were determined from u;--s. Geological Survey topographic maps; others were obtained with surveying altfmeters. - 2 - INTRODUCTION _,;...... Water samples collected from most of the wells inventoried were analyzed ' by the u. s. Geological Survey laboratory in Raleigh. ~ The thicknesses of geologic formations and aquifers were determined from well logs and from previously published data. WELL-LOC"ATION SYSTEM The well-location system used in North Carolina conforms to the system adopted by the U. S. Geological Survey for the data card processing of well information. The well-location system, derived from latitude and longitude coordinates, is based on a grid of..,one-second parallels of latitude and meridians of longi tude. The wells visited in each one-second quadrangle are numbered consecu tively in the order inventoried. The well number is composed of fifteen numbers and letters: the first six numbers and one letter compose the digits of the degrees, minutes, and seconds of latitude, and indicate northern (N) or southern (S) hemisphere latitude of the one-second quadrangle; the next seven numbers compose the digits of the degrees, minutes, and seconds of longitude; the last number indicates the order in which the wells were inventoried within the one-second quadrangle (fig. 2). A one-second quadrangle in North Carolina contains about 6,500 square feet, the length of each side being about 80 feet. Wells in Pitt County are also designated by local well numbers from 1 to 408 (fig. 3). Table 5 under Basic Data gives information about these wells. PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS A description of ground-water occurrence in Pitt County is included in volume III of North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey under the section "The Coastal Plain of North Carolina" by Clark and others (1912). Mundorff (1945) gives an account of the geology of the Coastal Plain of North Carolina. A general description of the ground-water resources of the North Carolina Coastal Plain is given by LeGrand (1956). Surface-water resources of that part of Pitt County which lies within the Neuse River drainage basin are described by Billingsley, Fish, and Schipf (1957). They also briefly describe ground-water occurrence in this area. Geologic outcrops at two Pitt County localities are described in detail by Brown (1957). Brown (1958) presents detailed geologic and paleontologic data from three wells in Pitt County, and a reconnaissance study by Brown (1959) describes the geology and ground water in Pitt County, giving data for 87 wells, including the detailed log of the lithology and paleontology of one well, a.nd the chemical analyses of water samples from 18 of the wells. Swain and Brown (1964) describe microfossils from wells in and near Pitt County. - 3 - •• ICr "" ,.. n• .,. .,. -:1·------,-··--··--·-1··--~---·-··- -·------~--·--·--- ... C) til I A ,..-~-..... 0 ·- t'" ---- '• ' ~ Jill § 4 C) ~ -·.~ c::: § ··------, :;I 1-i ', 13 ', 0 10... en~ 0 §i n I I_...... entil 4~ 0 ~ "11 I •• 'U H ::J n I e 0 v·g·.. ~• c::: JaOC --r ~ - -- ~------Nu-~ ... EXPLAHATIOM Well number 351614N0802111.2 waa the • aecond well inventoried in the 1-aecond quadrangle north of the 35.16 1 14" parallel .,-u·oo• ....-oo of latitude and weat of the 80.21'11" ... rd ••• ····011" median of loniitude. 'l 1"\ I . .. INTRODUCTION Detailed water-supply characteristics of creeks and rivers in and near Pitt County are ~en by Goddard (1963). A comprehensive account of geology and ground-water occurrence in Martin County, adjacent to Pitt County on the northeast, is given by Wyrick (1966). Floyd (in press) describes in detail the aquifers and ground water·of Craven County, adjacent to Pitt County on the south. Kimrey (1965) gives detailed descriptions of the geology of Tertiary de posits in ·Beaufort County which joins Pitt County on the east. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Gratitude and appreciation are due the many interested well owners of Pitt County who contributed information on the construction and other features of their wells. Well data and much other significant information were gener ously contributed by the Hartsfield Water Co., R. L. Magette and Co., and by Rivers and Associates, Inc. Officials of municipal water systems, the Pitt County Development Commission, the Pitt County Health Department, and the Pitt County Board of Education supplied valuable informati.on. P. M. Brown, Re search Geologist, U. S. Geological Survey, provided lithologic and paleon tologic descriptions of well cuttings collected during the investigation. The investigation was made under the direct supervision of G. G. Wyrick, former District Geologist, mtd under the general supervision of E. B. Rice, former District Chief, U. S. Geological Survey. - ~ - REGIONAL SETTING· LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY. Pitt County occupies 656 square miles in east-central North Carolina between !at 35°20'N. and !at 35°50'N., and between long 77°0S'W. and long 77°45'W. (fig. 3). It is adjoined by Beaufort County on the east, by Martin and Edgecombe Counties on the north, by Wilson and Greene Counties on the wes1 and by Lenoir and Craven Counties on the south. Greenville, founded in 1771, is the county seat. Other Pitt County mu nicipalities having populations of more than 1,000 are Ayden, Bethel, Farm ville, Grifton. and Winterville. CLIMATE Temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration are factors of climate related to g-round-water recharge and discharge. The Coastal Plain of North carolina lies within a subtropical moist climatic region characterized by warm summers, cool winters, and moderate p~ecip~tation during all seasons. However the seasonal rainfall reaches a maximum during the summer (Yust and Hudson, 1949) as more than 60 percen~ of._t~e aver~ge-annual precipitation occurs dur ing the warmer half-year, April to September. Evapotranspiration becomes no ticeably effective during the growing season; vegetation intercepts much of the water reaching the soil zone from near the end of April to the latter part of October. The mean temperature during 1964 at the Greenville weather sta tion was 6!.8~F. The length of record was insufficient to obtain a long-term value for temperature. The long-term (64 years) mean-anntJ:al precipitation at Greenville is 47.54 inches. Throughout the year the relative humidity is high. seld~ being less than 50 percent. · · The Coastal Plain lies in the path o{~'ccuional hurricanes which move up the coast from tru!' Caribbean area in the 1ate SUIIIIIle% or autumn. These infre quent storms may ·'produce unusually heavy rains in the Pitt .County area. . ~ . Temp~rature~ and the average-monthly precipitation are shown graphically in figure /•!-:_. -~~- ayerage-monthly temperatures and precipitation do not vary · significantly from.place to place within the county. PHYSIOGRAPHY . ANDJ DRAINAGE Pitt County li~s within the embayed section of the Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic province (Fenneman, 1938). Characterlstic surface features of the nearly uniform plain are gently slqp,~ interstream areas with scattered swampy upland flats or "pocosins" and slightly entrenched streams. The streams commonly_form a combination of parallel and dendritic drainage patterns. The land..:aurface:'profile in Pitt County from the town of Fountain to the mouth of the Tar River has an average slope of about three feet per mile. Present in this part of the Coastal Plain Province but barely discernible are remnants of beaches or erosional terrace~ of former sea levels. - 6 - . -~ ...... -.------.-1 I &h '.;_;.-.;."' I I I I .. I . • 5 I ~I .., • .z ...... ~- : ... ., \ I ~il ;, 111 i ••• c ii . .. ; t 1: ~I ~ :. •s ~I,. t•. -;..· •i ~I ~ "! I t. I :1 ,...... i ..,. •...... ! f. I • ..... •" ~I .... -T ~I .. .. • ...... • : •. -·------· -· Monthly temperatures, 1964 110 I 100 ....~~~ ' -t-•i- ...... ~ / ~ 90 ...... 80 / ~ ...... ~/ - 70 -...... v / 4~ "" ra..60 ~ \ '" ..,.,.,. ~ Cl) raJ / v L' ~ ~ ; so §~ raJ --- ~ v ~ljL ' Q 40 ~~ ' \ ~ \ 30 ...... 20 ...,.,. v ~ 10 " 0 J F M A M J J A s 0 N D Normal monthly precipitation, 1900-64 7~--~--~~~--~~~--~----~~--~--~--~--~ 6~--+---+---+---+---~--~ 5 ~--+---+----+---+---~---4". ,, =ILl ~.... 3 2 1 J A D Figure 4.--Graphs showing temperatures and precipitation at Greenville. - 7 - i: GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY a Pitt County lies within the Neuse River and Tar River drainage basins-- 283 square miles in the Neuse River basin and 373 square miles in the Tar -~· River basin. The ~inage divide between these basins is located approxi mately (fig. 3), as it is difficult or nearly impossible to define in some flat or swampy areas. The longitudinal profile of the Tar River has a gra dient of about 0.3 foot per mile in the county. Tributary streams are almost parallel to each other as is characteristic of thP. low-gradient rivers, and winding streams and large areas of swampland are common in the river flood plains. POPULATION In pace with the overall economic growth of Pitt County, the general population increased by nearly 10 percent during the period 1950-60 according to the u. s. Bureau of the Census. The larger municipalities in the county and their gains in population during the period 1950-60 are listed below. The very large percentage increase in population at Grifton is due to recent in dustrial development in that vicinity. Population Municipality 1950 1960 Increase Percent Increase Ayden 2,282 3,108 826 36.2 Bethel 1,408 1,578 170 12.1 Farmville 2,942 3,997 1,055 35.9 Greenville 16,724 22,860 6,136 36.7 Grifton 510 1,546 1,036 203 Winterville· 870 1,423 553 63.6 Urban total 24,736 34,512 9, 776 39.5 - Pitt County 63,789 69,942 6,153 9.6 - 8 - .j. GENERAL GEOLOGY Pitt County lies in the middle part of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, which extends from Long Island southward to Florida, and which, in North Carolina, extends more than 100 miles inland from the coast. The Coastal Plain is under lain by beds of sand, clay, and calcareous sediment. The beds are inclined coastward at a rate only slightly greater than the slope of the land surface. Beds tend to thicken coastward, and those that are inland near the land sur face occur at greater depths near the coast. The greatest thickness of the wedge of sediments is perhaps a few tens of miles out to sea from the present coastline. The sediments are grouped according to the geologic period in which they were deposited. Beginning at the top, in Pitt County they include sediments of Quaternary, Tertiary, and Cretaceous Systems. The sediments are further divided into formations according to their lithology or character of the con stituent materials. Table 1 in the Basic Data section is a log of a test well at Winterville, the test well penetrating the entire section of Coastal Plain sediments. Formations have distinctive characteristics and may be traced for many miles. The sediments contained in some beds grade from one kind of ma terial to another, such as from coarse to fine sand or to clay. Almost all the sand, clay, and some of the calcareous material in the Atlantic Coastal Plain are unconsolidated. Clays are very common in the sedimentary sequence. The wedge of formations underlying the Coastal Plain lies on older igneous and metamorphic rocks, such as those exposed in the Piedmont Province to the west. These rocks are not of great significance to the study of the water re sources in Pitt County, and accordingly, are referred to simply as basement rocks. During the geologic development of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, the sea ad vanced and retreated many times. The inner margin of the Plain west of Pitt County has been submerged during only a fraction of the time that land adjacent to the present coast has been submerged. Most sediments of the Coastal Plain were deposited in the sea, but some were deposited on land along the lowland margins of the Plain. Whether deposited in the sea or along marginal land areas, the sediments tend to be preserved in nearly flat layers which dip gen tly coastward. Invasions of the sea during Pleistocene time left a veneer of sand and clay, commonly 10 to 20 feet thick at the land surface. Thus, the ~nderlying older formations are mostly hidden from view except along stream banks. BASEMENT ROCKS The basement rocks underlying the Pitt County area are similar in compo sition to rocks exposed in the Piedmont ?rovince. Well cuttings in the Pitt ·County area indicate that the basement rocks consist generally of weathered schist and gneiss. Rock fro~ the stone quarry at Fountain is gray medium grained granite gneiss. ·The linear str•Jcture of the gneiss trends generally northeastward. - 9- GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY Logs of the formations penetrated by wells in this area, in addition to geophysical data, idffcate that the surface of the basement rocks beneath the sedimentary cover is irregular. Near the town of Fountain the basement rocks have a topographic relief of more than 350 feet--from a surface exposure in the stone quarry about half a mile southeast of lawn to a depth of 350 feet below land surface at the town's supply wells. This irregular erosional surface slopes generally southeastward from about 300 feet below land surface at the western end of Pitt County to more than 1,150 feet below land surface at the county's southeastern boundary, an average slope of about 26 feet per mile. Figure 5 shows the surface of the basement rocks in Pitt County. The irreg ularities of the basement surface are not shown on the map owing to the wide spacing of data-control points. Fracture zones in the gneiss and other rocks of the basement are known to be sufficiently permeable to yield water to wells. However, the yields of such wells are so slight in comparison to the yields of wells in the overlying sand strata that the basement rocks are not considered to be an aquifer in the Pitt County area. CRETACEOUS SYSTEM LOWER CRETACEOUS SERIES SP.diments consisting of sand, silt, and clay of Early Cretaceous age lie unconformably on the basement rocks throughout the Pitt County area. These sediments are not known to be exposed, but they have been penetrated by deep wells in and adjacent to Pitt County. These sediments are predominantly sand and silt, interbedded with green and brown silty clay, not changing greatly from place to place in the county (Swain and Brown, 1964). Studies of the microfauna indicate that the sediments were deposited in a lagoonal environment that may have been similar to the modern-day Pamlico Sound. The sediments were deposited during a generally rising stage of sea level (Brown, 1959, p. 10). The Lower Cretaceous sediments thicken from about 50 feet in the western corner of Pitt County to about 300 feet at the southeastern corner. Figure 6 shows the top and the thickness of the Lower Cretaceous Series. The dip of the top of the Series is to the south east at about 20 feet per mile. The sand strata yield ample water of good qualit) to wells in the vicinity of Farmville. However, at Greenville and in the eastern part of Pitt County water in the deeper sand is slightly brackish. UPPER CRETACEOUS SERIES Tuscaloosa Formation .~ The Tuscaloosa Formation was first referred to by this name in North Car- ~ olina by Cooke (1936). Throughout the Pitt County area the Tuscaloosa Forma tion unconformably overlies the Lower Cretaceous Series. - 10 - i L . . . n or c:"' z~... - ...... _ ~, . ~~~ -c• ... ~ '"V ~A. II 1 DO.i:> .. ~-,. - ·-u ?I'; ,r ...._ Y· I I -- . - ... II ~ :;1 ~""" 6 ' • ...... I cou,.,r, ~ t: :a ~~ i • ~~r~·~~ I ,~ ..-· ,,. 0 r •a-=n.,. !!aa-:JIC a z ~ Gc!ll"s:!Q Jllo ['1 -~'!!!. -4 --:a.;::l)f} 0 ~ .,.38 !,.-i!! z !~ - ~ ~ ['1 0 8 ~ Figure 5.--Map showing generalized configuration of the top of the basement surface. ...: GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY ( ( t ..( "'~ EXPLANATION ---100---- STRUCTURE CONT~ 111o1111 all•tudt of t011 of lowtr CrttaCIIUI Stnet. .... Contow '"""'' 100 fttt. c DatuM il "''" .. IIYII. c -sD 0 L• .. of equal lllockntn of .... rower Crue.- Strlft. Contour ;·'""'' '0 fttt. L[NOIIt COUIHY !..-,:,_:::.O:'::=:==~~~·;c•==::::.i'"EE....,N'o,. lULl •'"'" - 12 - GENERAL GEOLOGY In northwest Pitt County the upper part of the Tuscaloosa Formation is exposed in a small area along the banks of the Tar River between Otter Creek and Penny Hill. ~~ composition of the formation varies widely from place to place but generally consists of sand or clay, sandy or silty clay, and poorly sorted silty sand. The Tuscaloosa Formation generally grades upward from fine sand and silt to coarser sand interbedded with silt and clay. Figure 7 shows the altitude of the top of the formation in Pitt County. The formation dips . generally to the southeast at about 22 feet per mile. The formation is about 300 feet thick in the vicinity of Farmville and thins both toward the east and toward the west. Sand in the upper part of the Tuscaloosa Formation yields water of excel lent quality to wells at Ayden, Farmville, Greenville, and Grifton. Very thin sand layers near the bottom of the formation contain slightly brackish water at Greenville and in the eastern part of Pitt County. Black Creek Formation The Black Creek Formation comprises two members: an unnamed lower member of Austin age which unconformably overlies the Tuscaloosa Formation, and the Snow Hill Marl Member of Taylor age. The lower member of"the Black Creek Formation consists of alternately bedded gray sand and dark-gray clay. The upper part of the Black Creek For mation is exposed along the banks of the Tar River between Otter Creek and Greenville, and southwest of Farmville along the banks of Contentnea Creek. The Snow Hill Marl Member of the formation is composed predominantly of cal careous sand and clay layers. The western limit of the Black Creek Formation is shown in figure 8, which also shows the configuration of the top of the formation in Pitt County. The dip is generally southeast at about 11 feet per mile. From its margin in western Pirt County, the Black Creek Formation thickens southeastward to about 450 feet near the southeastern county boundary. In Pitt County the sand layers of the Black Creek Formation compose a major aquifer system, yielding the greatest amounts of water to wells of all the aquifer systems in the area. The water is of excellent quality through out the county. Peedee Formation As shown in figure 9, the Peedee Formation occurs in approximately the southeastern rwo-thirds of Pitt County. It conformably overlies the Snow Hill Marl Member in some places, but it unconformably overlies the lower member of the Black Creek Formation where the Snow Hill Marl Member does not occur. The Peedee Formation is exposed along the banks of the Tar River from Greenville to the vicinity of Gri~esland, and along the banks of Contentnea Creek and the Neuse River in the vicinity of Grifton. The Peedee Formation consists of lenticular beds of green and gray sands, dark-gray silt, and clay layers. The uppermost sand and silt beds of the formation are characteristically - 13 - QLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNIY • • ...... 0 • (/) rt.l IUc: .:.4 • ....(J • ,t: 4J .cIU 4J "'0 I EXPLANATION c: CQ I ·--~ • --·lDD-- • I CONTOUR .. c: 0 ·~· at ro, of ..... ~ 0 .... ;< Tuualooso Formtlio•. 4J Coftt- inltrYOI 100 fttl. Q.CQ • Oatu• it ~~tOft na ltYOI. I ---100 B e I loftt of equal lllicllltU II 0 I Tuscaloosa Fontalian. IU~ COIIIOur iftltrYOI 100 fttl. .c I 4J CQ Cll /'!i:> I .... 0 0 0 I 'v--"f ~ :~/ • c: CQ 0 (J I I I j .... Cll 4J ::l """ I ~ CQE-4 / I ,.. / I ::loo.c IU I .... 4J I • ..... I I c: _,I ~YD[I ,....__ .. 0 (J .cIU 4J I 00 L£NOIII ....c: COUNfY 3 .c:0 (/) caQ. ::c I I • " ,..Q) • ::l ....00 ~ •• ··~· - ... ~.z:t::, .. ~.·~ ·.-~... •• - 14 - -· - • • -. . GENERAL GEOLOGY ..- - --.a,;;·- -·- --~'"--.. .. -,- --- -· ... -----. .-- --... ·-. • . . -.... • .. • ...... • 0 en • en • ... QJ • • r:: ~ •• (.) . .. ~ •.-4 ~ "' .r:: ~ 4-J .; QJ .r:: • • 4-J '1:1 . . r:: .- . t1l EXPLANATION • -- . -- .. r:: - -loo - .... 0 _- ~ --. 0 ...... STRUCTURE CONTOUR 4-J - 1llo11t lll1ludt of 1011 of ~--.. O.tU ----.. . -~ Bloct Crn\ Formation. 0 .. ·~ . . Conlour onteryal ~ lett. 4-J e . ____.. ..,. - Ootu• is mton sea ltttl 0 --- QJ to. --- . ·.-.":.--a ---,Jo-- .r:: L•ne ol equal lftiChtn ol .... ~ Bloct Cru\ Fttmallon. QJ Contour interyal 50 Int...... QJ 0 ,... u r:: I 0~ I '.-4 (.) - ~- .. -..a::, .... ra I tU~ - ·-·• ,..CQ - :2 -• -- e.QQJ ...... :;: ...... c 0 0 -- ... (.) - ;, . . . ~ QJ • .. - ... .r:: Cll .... - $. '''. . .. . ·-· - .... - ---·- . I. e.o - - .. -_.--- r:: .. ... ' co TY ...... -. ·---. --. -:~! ::J --- - •~c:. 0 --- ::t:.~- .r:: .....• ... en -' -' c. --- ra ::E: - • I I ...... , • co ___;,lO ••\.II •=-=-·== -.d.'"'l,r.:'(~ ••,, ... ;.:·•=:. :::-- ., C1.l - 1-o •• .. - :2 •• e.o . ' ...... ·- - to. . . ---. -· ' - .. • • - 15 - - -· GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY • • -- • • 1.1-4 0 Cll Cll QJ c ~ .....(J .c... QJ .c... EXPLANATION "0c - •tOO-- Ill STRUCTURE CONTOUR • S~OWI Ollltudt of top of 1.1-4 • Pttdtt Format1an. 0 c:: Contour 1nterya1 50 Itt!. 0 • Oatu111 11 111eon sea ltYII. 0...... 0 ... • ___ ,,a--- ... <11 :-~ Lint of equal thiC-fttSI at Pttdtt For mahan. QJ e \ Conraur 1nterwar ~0 Itt!. .c 0 \ \ .. ... ~ \ .. \ • 1.1-4 QJ :> QJ I \ 0 0 u "0 c QJ 0 QJ I • ....Po. I G~I,UUIO ... l'C QJ I I ~.c I :I ...... 00 I / 'n 1.1-4 I c '--'" 0 .,.--r--. 0 (J ... • ,. QJ ...... c Cll ... 00 L[NOI" c COUNTY ~ .... ' :l • 0 .c Cll 0. <11 ~ I I • 0'\ ., ••~o. n QJ ~ :I .....00 ~ I -... ..:. ••' - 16 - GENERAL GEOLOGY bright green. Glauconite and collophane are generally present in relatively large proportions in the Peedee sand beds, and well-cemented calcareous len ticular sand ana:shell layers occur throughout the formation. The Peedee Formation probably was deposited in an estuarine or near-shore environment. The dip is southeast at about 10 feet per mile. From its margin in western Pitt County the Peedee Formation thickens southeastward to about 250 feet near the southeastern county boundary. Sand layers of the Peedee Formation yield ample water of excellent qual ity to the municipal well at Grimesland. These sand layers are relatively un tapped as a source of ground water in Pitt County but have an excellent poten tial where they are thickest. TERTIARY SYSTEM PALEOCENE SERIES Beaufort Formation The Beaufort Formation of Paleocene age occurs in the subsurface.of east ern Pitt County as shown in figure 10. The Beaufort Formation overlaps the older Cretaceous formations, and it unconformably overlies the Peedee Forma tion in eastern Pitt County. In turn, the Beaufort Formation is unconformably overlain by the Eocene Castle Hayne Limestone and the Miocene Yorktown Forma tion in this area. In eastern Pitt County the Beaufort Formation consists mainly of glauco nitic "salt and pepper" sand, and also of thin calcareous clay and silty marl layers, mostly in the upper part of the formation. The dip in eastern Pitt County is generally to the east at about 14 feet per mile, but it increases northeastward. The Beaufort Formation thickens to about 50 feet at the ex treme eastern tip of the county. A few wells in the eastern corner of Pitt County obtain water for house hold supplies from the Beauiort Formation. ThP. water from the Beaufort is slightly harder than that from deeper aquifers. EOCENE SERIES Castle Hayne Limestone The Castle Hayne Limestone underlies a narrow strip in the eastern part of the county. Figure 11 shows the altitude of the top of the formation and its thickness. In this area the Castle Hayne Limestone is of middle Eocene age (B~wn, 1959). It unconformably overlies the Paleocene Beaufort Formation and the Cretaceous Peedee Formation. The Castle Hayne Limestone is readily identified by its characteristic resistivity and spontaneous-potential pat terns on electrical well logs. - 17 - GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY -----·---, I EXPLANATION ---,oo-- STRUCTURE CONTOUR .. sllows oll•ludt of rop of ...... c Beaufort Formollon 0 0 Contour ••tertal 50 feet o,.j Datum •s '"eon sea re,tt O.l.J 0 :1l -!o l.J e L•ne ol equal lh•ttness ol ,.. Beaufort Formallon. Q) 0 Contour ,nterval 25 lett .c:.w l.J l.J ...... ,.. 0 ...... 0 c :::! 0 :1l ..... Q) l.JQ:l 1';1 ,.. :J ::I..C:: 00l.J ...... o,.j c 0 (.J Q) ..c:: l.J - 18 - GENERAL GEOLOGY • • .• •• -•·' • • .....~ 0 til til • QJ t: ..:.: u ~ '\~ .t: • 4.1 " I QJ c. 0 ..:1 r·"·~ EXPLANATION .t: . ... "' 4.1 - ·!$-- "'0 STRUCTURE CONTOUR t: 0 tU • • c s~ows ollotvdl of too of QJ "-... " + ,. Castle Hoyftt Lomntont. ~ t: ~ )' Contour onttnol 25 tttt...... 0 Dotu111 is lllfOn sea Inti. 0 4.1 ~ ...... Ul Q.QJ ~ ·-...... • 0 e ... ~ ~ Lont---50- of tqyot thoctntu of ...l Castle Hoynt Lomutont. QJ .t: QJ .. lntenot 50 rut 4.1 t: ... >...... tU 0 - t: QJ •• 0 ...... ~ 4.1 • 4.1 Ul tU tU ~u ::l I .....e.QQJ ..... -4.1- t: 0 u QJ -4.1- e.o LENOIR t: ~ COUNTY ~ 0 .t: Ul Q. tU ~ I I • ~ ~ • • I .. •• 10 ••r..U ------QJ ~ ::l .....e.o ~ ·i\o.••• ..!'> .:... -. • - 19 - GEOLoGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY This formation consists of light-colored marl, white calcareous sand, light-gray sandy coquina limestone, and sparse green clay in the eastern Pitt CountY area. Glau~~nite and phosphorite occur as abundant accessory minerals. The castle Hayne Limestone was deposited in an environment which may have been similar to that of the present-day Bahama Banks. The formation dips to the southeast at approximately 7 feet per mile. The greatest thickness is about 75 feet at the extreme southeastern county boundary. The Castle Hayne Limestone is an important aquifer in eastern North Car olina, but it remains essentially untapped in Pitt County where it yields water to wells for household use only. Water from this aquifer is hard but otherwise is of good quality. MIOCENE SERIES Yorktown Formation The Yorktown Formation of late Miocene age underlies most of Pitt County. It unconformably overlies the Castle Hayne Limestone of middle Eocene age and the Peedee, Black.Creek, and Tuscaloosa Formations of Late Cretaceous age. The Yorktown Formation is overlain mainly by thin sands and silts of Pleistocene and Holocene age. Gross similarity of the upper part of the Yorktown Formation to these younger deposits causes difficulty in distin guishing them. The Yorktown Formation is commonly a massive gray silty clay throughout Pitt County. The formation is exposed on the right bank of the Tar River, at the bridge one mile northeast of Grimesland, where the lower part of the formation consists of dark blue-gray sandy clay containing abun dant pelecypod ·and gastropod shells for about 8 feet above river level. Over lying this fossiliferous matrix is about 10 feet of massive gray silty clay. Lenticular layers of sand occur throughout the formation, and phosphorite pebbles are common. The formation was deposited during a predominantly transgressive stage of sea level (Brown, 1959). Figure 12 shows the older formations that immediately underlie the Yorktown Formation, and the altitude of the pre-Miocene surface. The altitude of this surface decreases toward the northeast at a greater rate than does the land surface, therefore, the Yorktown Formation thickens in that direction. Its greatest thickness in Pitt County is about 105 feet in the vicinity of Bethel. The generally fine texture of the Yorktown Formation precludes its use as a major aquifer, although it does yield sufficient water for household sup plies. Water from the sand and silt layers of this formation is hard. - 20 - GENERAL GEOLOGY EXPLANATION !I l' !.! 5 :::: :: _,,____ .. I.. I 9edrock Co•tour I I~OWI Ollrludt of IO~ of I ~,,. W1octnt ,..,doct I I Co••our ,.,,,01 Z5 1111 I Ootu• 11 rfttGft 1ea 1,.,,, I I I ... : ~. I I I 'I I I \.-.' .....2 "',. 3 0 .....u ec c ...... :..:...... : , 0 . .• ~ ·- - w"•"l ~ · .:-.-. -:..:~ ...... !a ••t.ll I '"'I - 21 - GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY QUATERNARY SYSTEM POST-MIOCENE DEPOSITS Most of the surface of Pitt County is underlain by beds of sand and silt of Pleistocene age. These beds overlie the Miocene and pre-Miocene formations. Remnants of Pleistocene beach-terraces or offshore bars are difficult to rec ognize because of subsequent erosion. The surficial deposits of sand and silt, where exposed in road cuts or stream banks, generally are crossbedded. The thickness in Pitt County may be as much as 50 feet but commonly ranges from 10 to 20 feet. The Pleistocene sand beds yield ground water to numerous shallow wells. Water from these sand beds is slightly acidic and, therefore, somewhat corrosive to metal; the water commonly contains iron in amounts suf ficient to impart its distinctive taste to the water. Sedimentary deposits of Holocene age, river-laid and windblown sand, are conspicuous along the flood plains of the Tar and Neuse Rivers, as well as · along some of their larger tributaries. Well-drained interstream areas gen erally are covered with sandy soils of Holocene age. Swamps, bogs, pocosins, and other areas in which there are undisturbed acid soils, all contribute to the acidity of the unconfined ground water occurring in the surficial sands and silts. - 22 - G!OWGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY • ·=•.I I J IS . ~ i.i f[ :l~r ~ .It - 2. g~&" ill.. 1a ... -:. •lr .. ~~ ...,...... ,. r .. ~ ') !I ..z #...... ::. I i! ... • 0 ~ =. [ .. z 2 ..u ~ r· ...~ ;: r L. 5 ~ 0 " . J ·~. !- IS. ::- •.. // I ., "'·~ I ...... 0 ' •.. "" r'\o-.2 r·-'.-..,..5' . ; i .. lo ,. , . .(\ . .. ./ ' •" ') 0 • .. ~" '· Fiaure 15.--Generalized piezometric aurface of aquifer• 2 and 3. HYDROLOGY .. - .:_~~1 . ~- .~ ·-'., attraction or surface tension. Some water will always be retained by surface tension in any sediment. The average porosity of Coastal Plain sediments in the Pitt County a;ea is about 30 percent. The two quantitative hydraulic characteristics that determine the value of an aquifer as a source of water are: (1) the capacity of the aquifer to store water, and (2) the ability of the aquifer to transmit water. The capacity of an aquifer to store water may be expressed as the coef ficient of storage (S). The coefficient of storage is the volume of water released from or taken into storage per unit surface area of the aquifer per unit change in the hydraulic pressure normal to the aquifer surface. The water released from or accepted by an artesian aquifer in response to a change in the hydraulic pressure is due to the compressibility of the aquifer mate rial and the water. The ability of an aquifer to transmit water is referred to as the coef _•t ficient of transmissibility. The coefficient of transmissibility is the rate of flow of ground water at the prevailing water temperature, in gallons per day (gpd), through a one-foot wide vertical strip of an aquifer under a hy draulic gradient of one foot per foot. The property of any part of a tJater-bearing formation to transmit water is called its permeability. When the transmissibility (T) is known, the field coefficient of permeability (P) may be found by the relation P = T/m, where m is the aquifer thickness. Hydraulic characteristics of aquifers are usually determined by analyzing the drawdowns produced in observation wells or in the pumped well when a pro duction well is pumped at a constant rate • .· The water levP.l in a well not affected by pumping is referred to as the "static" .water level. When water is withdrawn from a well, a difference in head between the water in the well and that in the surrounding aquifer is created, resulting in a flow of water toward the well. The surface of the water (or the piezometric surface where artesian conditions occur) around the well assumes the shape of an inverted cone, the cone of depression whose apex is at the well. The vertical distance between the static water level and the pumping level is known as the drawdown. The area in which the water level is lowered by pumping the well is referred to as the area of influence. The shape and the rate of expansion of the "cone of depression" around the pumped well and thus, the yield of the well, are controlled by the hy draulic characteristics of the aquifer and the rate and duration of pumping. The specific capacity of a well is the quantity of water in ~allons per minute (gpm) that a well yields per foot of drawdown in water level in the pumped well after a given period of pumping at a constant rate. The theo ,·, retical specific capacity can be calculated from the transmissibility and storage coefficients of the aquifer. The actual specific capacity is cal culated by dividing the yield by the number of feet of drswdown. The ef ficiency of a well is found by comparin~ the theoretical and actual specific capacities. - 29 - GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY AQUIFERS There are as many as eight aquifers underlying some areas of Pitt County. These aquifers occur in the following rock units: the Lower Cretaceous Series; the Tuscaloosa, Black Creek, Peedee, and Beaufort Formations; the Castle Hayne Limestone; and the surface sediments. Some of the aquifers extend over most of the county, whereas others are of limited extent. The aquifers generally are separated by beds of clay, but in some areas one aquifer directly overlies another, in which case they are interconnected and act as one aquifer. The aquifers and their relationship to geologic formations are shown in sections A-A' and B-B' of plate l and in table 2. In this report they are designated numerically, commencing with the lowermost aquifer. Plate 2 gives information at various places in the county about depths to aquifers. The hydraulic char acteristics of the aquifers differ from place to place as the aquifer materials and thicknesses change. Wells yielding large amounts of water commonly pene trate and withdraw water from several aquifers. Municipal wells yielding large amounts of water from one or more aquifers are shown in table 3. The transmissibility of a series of aquifers is equal to the sum of the transmis sibilities of the individual aquifers. The yield of wells tapping only one aquifer may be increased, therefore, by deepening the wells to penetrate other aquifers. Descriptions of the aquifers in Pitt County commencing with the deepest aquifer follow. AQUIFER 1 Aquifer 1 is the lowermost aquifer in the Pitt County area. It occurs in the Lower Cretaceous Series immediately above the basement rocks. It is pre sent throughout Pitt County, and dips to the southeast at an average of 20 feet per mile. The thickest parts of the aquifer are in the vicinity of Fountain and near the southeastern boundary of Pitt County where it is nearly 100 feet thick. Thcaverage thickness of aquifer 1 in Pitt County is 50 feet. Although no test was made of aquifer 1 alone, field observations indicate that the transmissibility is quite low, possibly in the range of 1,000 and 2,000 gpd per foot. Aquifer 1 probably receives most of its recharge in areas adjoining Pitt County to the west and northwest, although some recharge may also reach it in Pitt County, especially in the.western part. Aquifer 1 yields soft bicarbonate-type water of excellent quality to mu nicipal wells at Farmville. At Greenville and in the eastern part of Pitt County, the water in this lowermost aquifer is slightly brackish or saline, containing more than 250 mg/1 (milligrams per liter) c~loride. AQUIFER 2 Aquifer 2 is present throughout Pitt County. It occurs in t.he upper part of the Tuscaloosa Formation and, in a few places, in the lowe~ost part of the Black Creek Fonnation as well. It is separated from the overlying aqu.ifer - 30 - r:rrumJ-v'ltt'r ctmr~~t•·t.rrl sllr!i Pitt County, II. C. Clll•ract,.rlstlcs In PItt County Syst.e• SPrles \n rttt. f'·)•lll'-Y Fluvl~l an1 r.oll~n Gand on rlvr.r flood pJBlns; Holoef!nf! s~ndy soli on lntP.rfluvlsl nrP.Rs; gl"Y ,;oils, groum-Vftter podzols, and acid soils am !>"at Yields Rcldlc ground ""trr cont~lnlng IIIUCh In lovPr or svampy areM; 0-10 feet. soluble Iron to lnnuorrable sh&llov vella Quaternary llndltf"r"ntlat"d (10-30 re.,t) In this ar.,&; thP most com110n Fluvlomarlne sands and all ta; relllnftnta or aourc" or vat"r for hom .. s .,,..1 farms. r 1" Is toe""" b"ach-terrsce deposits, offshore bars, and Includes aqutrer 7. eolian du"" deposits; 0-40 f"et. Plloce"" --1-- Cla;rs and sllta of Yorktown FM. ln thh Dark, blue-gray, sand;,- clay vt th abundant ar<>a sern BP""rall;r aa an aqulclud.,, Hloce"" ~l.,c:rpod Yorktovn Fll. .arlne ahella; ov.,rlaln by massive althoul!h water la obtained from spa... e gra:r silty clay; o-1os fe.,t. thln lenticular sand layers. Tertiary Yields hard water to a fPV bome and ra.- Ul!ht·&ra:r -.rl, calcanoua sand, coqulhll, vella ln the esstern.ost part of Pltt County Castle Hayne and sparse green cla;r; abundant glauconlt" Eoc""" Willi! stone reaelna undevelo~d because vater or better and phosphorite; 0-75 fe"t Including th" quail ty at elll!htly greater depths. overlying unnamed Oligocene llmeston.,. Includes aqutter 6. Suppll ... aott, bicarbonate-type vater to Green-gray gllluconltlc "salt and ~pper" sand home and farm vella In the f'&Stern part of t'al.,oc""" S..aurort rm. vtth thln calcar.,ous clay and silty marl Pl tt County. layers at lrrPgular Intervals; 0-50 feet. Includ"s aquifer 5. Brlght-gr.,en glauconitic sand ln th" upper f~nd aquifere yl"ld sort, blcarbonat.. -type part; dark-gray clay and silt strata lnt.. r- Peedee Ftt\. vat"r or ... c..tl.,nt quail ty to munlclpd gradational vtth thln sand beds In the And home or rarm vell"· lover part; 0-250 r .... t. Includes aquifer 4. Yt.,lds eoderate amounts or Vftter; soft, HRlnly a gray calcareous s~nd vt th dark- Snov Hlll bicarbonate-type vat"r of exc.,ll.,nt quality. ~ HRrl mem. gray and black clay layers. Includ"s aqulf"r 4. UpP"r "'u Cretaceous ..u u Gray sand vtth tnt.,rbedd"d dart-gray clay; Yl.,lds larg" ..aunts or vater to municipal vella tn Pltt Count;,-; soft, bicarbonate-type r:retftceous ..u UnlJIIIIIt>d mlca, glauconl te, lignite, pyrlt.,, and I vater or excellent quality; the prl net pal .!! lover ""'"'· collopha"" ar" consplcuuus; 0-450 feet Including both memb.,rs. aquifer ln the Pitt County area. "' Includu aqutrera 2, 3, and 3A. Ylelda large ..aunts or exceliPnt vat"r to Gray to red arkosic sand, gravel, and clay; IIUnlclpal vella In western Pitt County; VRtP r Tuscaloosa F'ln. 11lca conspicuous vt th &01111! glauconl t" and I In eaat.,rn Pitt County ls sll~tly brackish. h"matlt~ aggregates; 80-300 re~t. Includu aquifers 2 and 3. Yields ampl" vatPr or .,.cpll~nt quality to Rust and tan sand bed and gr~en clay; mica Vt>lls ln vestern Pltt County; In ~a!llt~rn !.over Unnam"d a and s le • conspicuous acc~ssory mln~ral and Cr~taceous and clsyo oyster-shell fragments ar" conspicuous; Pitt County theo" ..-nd strata cont~~otn so-300 r .... t. brackish or saline vatrr. Includ"s aquIfer 1. Pr~·Cretaceous rocks of th" metamorphic b""P""'nt eoarplex olmllu to rocks "xpoaed Schlst, gnetaa, quartzite, and related Not consl Ayden 349 3A 230 28,000 3 236 7.7 Bethel 22 3 30 18,000 597 3.0 23 4 3 92 22,000 237 7.5 2 Farmville 218 3 2 190 26,000 139 6.0 1 221 3 - 85 36,000 419 6.1 Fountain 40 3 81 25,000 2 311 6.0 Greenville 3A 176 70 30,000 437 8.5 3 3A 183 81 28,000 349 5.7 3 Winterville 264 3 43 7,000 170 5.3 11 Transmissibility is in gallons per day per foot. 11 Field permeability is in gallons per day per square foot, calculated by dividing the transmissibility by the length of screens from the length of the screened interval. 11 Specific capacity is in gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. - 32 - HYDROLOGY , .. (aquifer 3) by a thin sequence of clay and silt layers which range in thick ness from 10 to 60 feet. The top of the aquifer dips generally to the south east, with local variR~ions, at an average of 17 feet per mile. The thickest part of the aquifer is-in southeastern Pitt County, where it is more than 150 feet thick. The average thickness in the county as a whole is 50 feet. The pumping test data, table 3, and field observations indicate that the trans missibility may range from 1,000 to 2,000 gpd per foot. Recharge to this 'I aquifer occurs directly in western and northwestern Pitt County and adjoining areas to the west and northwest. Aquifer 2 yields soft, bicarbonate-type water of excellent quality to I municipal wells at Bethel, Farmville, and Fountain. However, at Greenville and in the eastern part of Pitt County, the water contains more than 250 mg/1 I chloride. AQUIFER 3 Aquifer 3 is the principal aquifer in Pitt County. It occurs mainly in I the lower part of the Black Creek Formation, and in the uppermost part of the Tuscaloosa Formation in a few places throughout all but the western part of Pitt County. In the westernmost part of Pitt County, aquifer 3 occurs wholly I within the Tuscaloosa Formation. The top of aquifer 3 dips southeastward at an average rate of nearly 15 feet per mile. The aquifer is thickest in the central part of Pitt County, centering near Greenville, and near the southern boundary of the county in the vicinity of Grifton where it is more than 150 feet thick. The average thickness of aquifer 3 in Pitt County is 125 feet. The results of pumping tests, table 3, show a transmissibility between 15,000 and 25,000 gpd per foot. Recharge to aquifer 3 occurs directly in the western part of Pitt County. Aquifer 3 yields soft; bicarbonate-type water of excellent quality to municipal wells at Ayden, Bethel, Farmville, Fountain, Greenville, and Grifton. Only in the easternmost part of Pitt County, beginning about midway between Grimesland and Washington, does the chloride concentration of water from aq uifer 3 exceed 250 mg/1. AQUIFER 3A Aquifer 3A is a relatively thin aquifer which does not extend throughout Pitt County. Aquifer 3A occurs generally at or near the top of the unnamed lower member of the Black Creek Formation. The aquifer is present in the central and southern parts of the county, but thins to a featheredge north ward and westward. Southward, aquifers 3 and 3A are separated by a thin (about 20 feet) aquiclude, and may be locally interconnected as· a single aq uifer system. The top of aquifer 3A dips southeastward at an average rate of nearly 18 feet per mile. The thickest part of the aquifer in Pitt County is in the vicinity of Grifton where it is more than 100 feet thick. The average thickness of aquifer 3A in Pitt County is 40 feet. Pumping-test data, table 3, and field observations indicate that the transmissibility may be about 10,000 gpd per foot. Recharge to aquifer 3A occurs principally in the central and eastern parts of the county. - 33 - GEOLOGY AND GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF PITT COUNTY Aquifer JA yields soft, bicarbonate-type water of excellent quality to municipal wells at Ayden and Greenville. The quality of the water is not known to vary ap~r~ciably in Pitt County. AQUIFER 4 Aquifer 4 extends throughout Pitt County except for a small area i~ the westernmost corner. In eastern Pitt County, aquifer 4 occurs mainly in the Peedee Formation. Westward it transgresses the formation boundary and becomes a part of the Black Creek Formation and pinches out east of Farmville. In the southern part of the county, the top of aquifer 4 dips southeastward at about 15 feet per mile, but the dip averages nearly 8 feet per mile to the northedst in central Pitt County. The average thickness of aquifer 4 in Pitt County is 40 feet. ·Field observations indicate that the transmissibility may be between 1,000 and 5,000 gpd per foot. Recharge to this aquifer occurs chiefly in the central and northern parts of the county. Aquifer 4 yields soft, bicarbonate-type water of excellent quality to municipal wells at Ayden, Bethel, Grifton, and Grimesland. The quality of the water does not vary appreciably from one part of the county to another. AQUIFER 5 Aquifer 5 is limited to the eastern part of Pitt County. This aquifer occurs within the Beaufort Formation in eastern Pitt County and thins west ward to a featheredge at a north-trending margin about midway between Green ville and Grimesland. The dip of the aquifer is southeast at nearly 20 feet per mile. The thickest part of aquifer 5 in Pitt County is near the south eastern boundary where it is more than 50 feet thick. The average thickness in Pitt County is 30 feet. Much recharge to this aquifer occurs in the east central part of the county. Aqui!er 5 is not extensively developed for water supplies in Pitt County. It yields moderately soft, bicarbonate-type water to domestic or stock wells. Generally this water is of excellent quality, but near the western margin of the aquifer the soluble-iron content may be slightly more than desirable. AQUIFER 6 Aquifer 6 is limited to the easternmost part of Pitt County. This aqui fer occurs within the Castle Hayne Limestone. Westward, aquifer 6 thins to a·featheredge at a north-northeast-trending margin a short distance west of Grimesland. Aquifer 6 dips east-southeast at an average rate of 8 feet per mile. The limestone aquifer in Pitt County is thickest at the southeastern corner where it is more than 70 feet thick. The average thickness in the county is 20 feet. Recharge occurs throughout the area underlain by the Castle Hayne Limestone except for a narrow area along the Tar River where dis charge to the river takes place. The recharge to the aquifer is moat effec tive in the east-central part of the county where the overlying beds are thin. Recharge also occurs farther downdip but is less effective because of the thickening of the overlying beds of sand and clay. Wells in aquifer 6 are commonly cased to the top of.the aquifer and then developed as open-hole wells in the indurated but porous limestone. - 34 - HYDROLOGY In adjacent counties to the east of Pitt County permeabilities of aqui fer 6 generally range from 1,000 to 1,200 gpd per square foot. In Beaufort County 60-80 mgd (millio~_gallons per day) of water is pumped to dewater an open-pit mine. No significant effects of the removal of this amount of water ~ have been detected in Pitt County. The fact that the aquifer is capable of producing this much water in adjacent areas indicates that it may be more pro f ductive in Pitt County than available data indicate. Aquifer 6 is not extensively developed for water supplies in Pitt County. It yields a hard, calcium bicarbonate type water. In all other respects water from aquifer 6 is of excellent quality, but it remains relatively undeveloped f where slightly deeper aquifers yield softer water which does not require treat ment for general use. AQUIFER 7 This is the unconfined or water-table aquifer which underlies the entire ' county. It consists of the materials underlying the surface of the county and is composed of sand and clay of fluvial and marine origin. The top of aquifer 7 is near the land surface, and the aquifer is thickest in interstream areas. ' The unconsolidated sediments range in thickness from less than 1 foot to nearly 50 feet, the thickest occurring in the vicinity of Bethel. The average thick ness of aquifer 7 in Pitt County is 25 feet. Aquifer 7 is underlain generally ' by the clays and silts of the Yorktown Formation except in the southern and southwestern parts of Pitt County where it rests on the Peedee and Black Creek Formations. As the mode of deposition of the sediments in aquifer 7 was di verse, so the aquifer characteristics differ within very short distances. The results of pumping tests in Martin County (Wyrick, 1966, p. 39) show that the transmissibility is 700 gpd per foot, and the field permeability is 27 gpd per square foot. Field obse~Tations suggest that the characteristics of the shal I low aquifer in Pitt County are similar to those in Martin County. Sand strata ~f aquifer 7 yield water to numerous shallow wells. Water from aquifer 7 commonly has noticeably large amounts of soluble iron, is I slightly acidic, and has a characteristic taste. When exposed to air, the dissolved iron oxidizes, forming a rust-red precipitate which stains laundry and utensils. Large-diameter dug wells provide water with less-noticeable amounts of iron as they permit access of air to the well water. Hence, the I soluble iron oxidizes and forms a precipitate which settles to the bottom of the well. Ground water in aquifer 7 may be locally contaminated from waste disposal at the land surface, by effluent from septic tanks, and by chemical I contamination from insecticides and fertilizers. I I ~ ' - 35 - ' ------.. -v • ...... " ...... -...... , -L.-- I ~ ""0 ..... ~ =.· -··t ··~flO .. I ------~~':"!, __ .--4-._ .....;...._· ' .__ )'-. i ·-- ~.>- ~ .-( -..· .!.... - SECTIONS SHOWING CORRELAT~~·~ ·~·;-~·E· ~L,.O,,G,,.IC FORMATIONS AND AQUIFERS REFEREHCE I 20 NUS CORPORATION AND SUu_, •.,.~ ••• ·- TELECON NOTE CONTROL NO. F4-8902·59 DATE: April13, 1989 T1ME: 1415 I F4-8902·64 DISTRIBUTJON: Winterville Machine Works I Coastal Chemical Corp. I BETWEEN: Allen Lilly OF: Winterville Water Dept. PHONE: {919) 756-2221 I AND: Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporatio';ci~ (j (,~ I DISCUSSION: Allen said that the three wells that supply water for the Winterville system are cased and approximately 350 feet I deep. The water drawn from these wells is mixed prior to distribution. I I I I I I ACTION ITEMS: I I I I I NUS 067 REVISEC 0685 Marvin C. Baldree Jr. COMMISSIONERS I Mayor =arl Speight J.J. Brown Town of Ayden· REFERENCE, 21 !obert Harris Mayor Pro Tern iusan Moody I Stuart Tripp Donald E. Russell P. 0. Box 219 J.J Brown Town Manager Ayden, North Carolina 28513 I Wlll!am R. Ford. CMC Town Clerk & Tax Collector Clerk to the Board Phone 746-4152 1~------I MEMO TO: Mitchell A. Cohen, PE FROM: Glenn Carroll, Water/Sewer Superintendent DATE: April 10, 1989 I SUBJECT: Town of Ayden Wells I Th~ following is a list of the Town of Ayden's wells: Well # & Location Depth Diameter I Well #1 - 6th St. 480 Ft. 10" x 8" Cased Well #2 - Operations I Center, 400 NE Ave. 490 Ft. 10" x 8" Cased Well #3 - Snow Hill St. Ext., Intersection SR 1111 & SR 1113 414 Ft. 10" Cased Well #4 - NC 11 Ayden-Grifton High Sch. 445 Ft. 10" Cased (Note: This well is not activated, but is under construction) No. of connections as of 4-7-89: 1644 Residential 174 Commercial 1818 In Town 42 Out of Town 1860 Total If you have questions, please do not hesitate to call me at 919-746-4152, Town Hall or 919-746-2526, Operations Center. I NUS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES )NNOTE I REFERENCE I 22 CONTROL NO. DATE: May 3,1989 TIME: 14:00 I DISTRIBUTION: I I BElWEEN: Cliff Strickland, Water OF: Greenville, North Carolina PHONE: (919) 752·7166 Plant Operator Public Utilities I AND: Mitch Cohen, NUS7~ tJ L I DISCUSSION: Cliff said that of the 9 wells shown on the water distribution map that FIT tias, only wells #1, #4, #5 and #6 are I still in operation. These wells are either 10 or 12 inches in diameter, and are between 400-500 feet below the surface. The first screens are encountered at between 80.110 feet below surface. The water drawn by these 4 wells l"''ti« tog~ther and distributed throughout the system. Syc;,ie"'-'\ s~<-v-<~ a \:."...,'t I(.,, I<)" ("""'"'._c'"\l~S. I ~ Q.L(..•S_;y<..J M-{, MtL I I I I I ACTION ITEMS: I I I I NUS 067 REVISED 061S I ·· .... '·· ~- NUS CORPORATION AND SUBS TELECON NOTE I REFERENCE I 23 I CONTROL NO. F4-8902·59 DATE: May 5,1989 TIME: 1100 F4-8902·64 I DISTRIBUTION: Coastal Chemical Corp. I Winterville Machine Works I BETWEEN: Mary Leggett OF: Eastern Pines PHONE: (919) 752-7420 Water Corporation I AND: Mitch Cohen, NUS Corporatio::.Uub 6J-- I DISCUSSION: Mary said that the Eastern Pines Water Corp. has six production wells. all of which are approximately 400 feet below surface. The westernmost wells are located at Portertown. Hollywood Church and Hudsons Crossroads. I Tl:lsa;sa laeatieAS ara eYtsiGa ehf..e Jtt:ld' erea. The system serves 3500 customers. I ~- I I I .... , I I ACTION ITEMS: I I I I I NUS 067 REVISED 0685 REFERENCE I 24 U.S. Department of Commerce, Proof Copy of table generated for CPH-1: Summary Population and Housing Characteristics, issued by Bureau of the I Cepsus (April 1991). ,.._.Table&. ___Household, . __ Family, _, and Group Ouartm Characteristics: 1990 -Con. ,...,_ ...... ,_ Slat• _..,_ County -·-- I Ptaet and (In Stleettd -- euw.,.. Slates) County .,_ ..... _~.. Subdivision - TCIIII -----...., -- TCIIII TCIIII ·---TCIIII -- ,..., OOUHTY-Con. - »CliO 1 .. 1 .. JZ'll ... t t:l7 Ut lll Ill 117 211 ..__,,v.. CIIWI. ----··------______.... It Ill •• ... 7U 1M 1.00 ISIIJ 1171 IWI ICIIWI...... liD I 0117 ,.,., .., tt ,,• ID .1111 I IZI I ltJ I CZ1 74 1H Ul lll 117 m ,, ..... '-·---··------1 aa ••Jllll w I Ill I Ill SM 4U uz Ul Dl Z>t w-. c...., ------ • NOTE: The population counts set fonh herein are subject to I possible correction for undercount or overcount. The United States Oepanment of Commerce is considering whether to correct these counts and will publish corrected counts, if any. not later than July lS. 1991. I I ...... n .... u.s. Department of Commerce, Proof Copy of table generated for 1990 CPH-1: Summary Population and Housing Characteristics, issued by Bureau of the Census (April 1991). I Table 6. Household,..,..... Family, __, and Group Quarters Characteristics: 1990 ,...,_ --·,·:_..,._ I r__.,._ Sill""'-·- I -- I County -·-- Place and [In S.ltettd ~ .,_ ..... co.- Statts) County .,_ ..... SUbdivision ...... - -·- .... TU ,... ~ ,.,., TU - -· I till 117 lilT. lfll. I Gl8- 111m 111:111 I. Ill Ul Ul am -a• I --· -.-"' •• - - Ill- "' coum"'- ·------1111 :117 lD TU :N8 ltlD llll/1 104fT POl IA7 1M ,. I 111 ITU f1 2<1 ...IODI I 010 • 711 .., I CIZI ••Ut lSI Ul lA! ~~------~ I all 110 s:lt Q:l 1.41 1M IDt ..ICI II t :Ill 1 .. •• .. 1121 ~~------Dll7 ls:ll I :Ill ... ltn I 111 I '!II I G71 110 &11 I.D 117 ,.. II -~ •sa -~ ------11•1 1 ... I 161 Ill I IQII I U1 I Ot• ... &41 ...... Zll z• ------010 I :Ill I Zll loiO 1.11 1M tol _.._ ,, ,,, I loll • I. liD • 117 Uti IG U1 ..1:11 ~~------10117 I tM I tt• m .. ______01>10 .. ._.._ ------"" I'" ...... 1a1 I tit t 111 tm .T 711 Ul 17 17 I IIlii TOll ltDI ... ; -~_, _____ , __ :111111 .. ,. 1111 1 .. I,_ ITO . 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I Ill 1:110 Ul 1.117 1171 co-~ ___ I'" ·- ...... ____ , ___ ·~·"11117 lOll... IIIII I 711 • 711 Ul llDI 1 ..."' ..... c.-o-rO.•C:..W ...... ______,,______, ,,tD "' IIU 1111 ...lOIII ... 711 ~~-70S at &71 1.11 I -o-r ______, 7171 """1111 I la !IU 110 zrt "" ..II I rm w ... .. ue ue ""' • ttl ,, 1)1 ..... T 101 I liT I Zit 1111 IZ:II 171 1M ~II I IW• 71 r -"""' .. ------..... I :Ill I Gill 171 IDI 1110 ... Ul 1.11 Tit "">It II -a-, ______, ____ 1:11141 liT 7111 ••1 lOIII ,,."' I •I .... UT tam I OM 1- 101111 .... I rl1 1.11 1:110 I :Ill :II ,. 1111 111:11 -~.-_, Will IIDI ,.·- "'" I :Ill Ul ~~------_____ .. __ 11141 IIIII It sa ""'IIW till 1111 lla 111:1 Ull u. 1 .. I :tAO .... "" 710 tll11 1111 Ul 711 ...:II lOIII .. ,. ''at I 011 ID7 &II -c:..w ------,, 111 I "' ...11:11 I s:ll &.II IGit liT 111 liM 7 "' ... =-~.:::::::::::: ....IIIII ....I 110 Z11111 "' .... I 011 I Zll I CU m ... Ul I. It Ill Ill 1:11 -o-r ...... ,,,,, 7 .. I"' 1111 ttll lilt sa "' Ul 1.2< I,.. I I" I :Ill I all I SD t lSI ...Ill Ill Ill ..Ill ur 1.117 II i -c.w ...... IOQIII :1117"1 11711 taD I "'t , ... I ..111 rw ... !At ...• 110 .... c.....······----····--·· ZIDI • 11:1 ...I m 17• 101 I 711 1M IAI Ul 1011 11'31• -~ ...... llltl ,, D 117 IDI I 101 llll 11'11"' Ul Ut Ill 1'1 -~ ...... 1.17 ..lefwC:..,.IIf' ••••••• ___••••••• - •• - .... Ill I I 1 .. 11:11 I lilt .. ••11 oa - .. ..1 ,, 111'1t ,.., I 1:11 1111 ""1 .. I... I 107 Ul IJII l2l 111 II .... c-., ...... "' .. "" Q IIIU tt Ill tiUI 1,. 11%7 IIIII I. 1071 Ul"' 1.111 IIZI 1111 I I.AII'crl.;.\11•w.oo...o ~ ·•······-··-··---- ______, .... , , II lD7 11/11 lse I 011 I Ill Ul IJII 117 liT II.., .. 117 tiO Ill ~c...,····-··--··----·· ... ""' I 171 111:1 ...I Jl NOTE: The population counts set forth herein are subject to I possible correction for undercount or overcount. The United States Department of Commerce is considering whether to correct these counts I and will publish corrected counts. if any, not later than July 15. 1991. '