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Metallurgical Data: Fifth Edition 82350 Body A8.Qxp - 3/18/15 11:45 AM Page 2 82350_Body_a8.qxp_- 3/18/15 1:48 PM Page 1 Metallurgical Data: Fifth Edition 82350_Body_a8.qxp_- 3/18/15 11:45 AM Page 2 © Copyright 2015 - Gerdau Printed in U.S.A. WSI.3.5K.03,2015 ®Registered trademark of Gerdau 82350_Body_a8.qxp_- 3/18/15 11:45 AM Page 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. Steel Chemistries Standard Carbon Steels ................................................................................6 Free Cutting Resulfurized Steels ....................................................................6 Free Cutting Rephosphorized and Resulfurized Steels ..................................7 High Manganese Carbon Steels ....................................................................7 Micro-Alloyed Steels......................................................................................8 Standard Alloy Steels ....................................................................................9 PS Grades (Formerly Ex Grades) ................................................................11 Standard H Steels ........................................................................................12 Standard Carbon and Carbon Boron H Steels..............................................15 Standard Alloy Boron Steels ........................................................................15 Restricted Hardenability Steels ....................................................................16 Formerly Standard Steels ............................................................................17 Selected Military Specifications ..................................................................24 Selected AMS Alloy Steel Specifications......................................................25 Selected ASTM Specifications ....................................................................28 ASTM Grades A213/A213M ........................................................................29 German Industrial Standards Carbon Steels and Alloy Steels (DIN 17200) ..............................................30 Carbon Steels and Alloy Steels (DIN 17210) ..............................................32 Through Hardening Bearing Steels ..............................................................33 USA-German-Japanese Near Equivalent Grades ......................................34 Japanese Industrial Standards Carbon Steels (JIS G 4051) ........................................................................35 Manganese Steels and Manganese Chromium Steels (JIS G 4106)............36 Chromium Steels (JIS G 4104)....................................................................36 Chromium Molybdenum Steels (JIS G 4105)..............................................37 Nickel Molybdenum Chromium Steels (JIS G 4103) ..................................38 High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steels (JIS G 4805)..................................39 Japanese Automobile Standards Carbon Steels and Boron Steels ..............40 Japanese Automobile Standards H Steels ..................................................42 3 82350_Body_a8.qxp_- 3/18/15 11:45 AM Page 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS - CONTINUED PAGE NO. End-Quench Hardenability Bands 1038H to 15B21H ........................................................................................44 15B28 to 1330H ..........................................................................................46 1335H to 4037H ..........................................................................................48 4042H to 4142H ..........................................................................................50 4145H to 4620H ..........................................................................................52 4626H to 50B44H ........................................................................................54 5046H to 5135H ..........................................................................................56 5140H to 6150H ..........................................................................................58 81B45H to 86B30H......................................................................................60 8637H to 8660H ..........................................................................................62 8720H to 94B30H ........................................................................................64 Restricted End-Quench Hardenability Bands – 15B21RH to 4130RH..........66 Restricted End-Quench Hardenability Bands – 4140RH to 50B40RH..........67 Restricted End-Quench Hardenability Bands – 5130RH to 9310RH ............68 End-Quench Hardenability Bands for Selected DIN Specifications ..............69 General Information Heat Anaylsis Chemical Ranges and Limits of Carbon Steel Bars ..............75 Heat Anaylsis Chemical Ranges and Limits of Alloy Steel Bars ..................76 Permissible Variations for Product Analysis of Carbon Steel ......................78 Product Analysis Tolerances for Alloy Steels ..............................................79 Recommended Cold Shearing Limitations for Hot Rolled Alloy and Carbon Steel Billets and Bars ..................................80 Recommended Cold Shearing Limitations for Cold Shearing Quality Hot Rolled Alloy and Carbon Steel Billets and Bars ......................82 Estimated Mechanical Properties and Machinability of Hot Rolled and Cold Drawn Carbon Steel Bars..........................................84 Estimated Mechanical Properties and Machinability of AISI and SAE Carbon Steel Bars................................................................85 Estimated Mechanical Properties and Machinability Ratings of Resulfurized Carbon Steel Bars ................................................................90 Estimated Mechanical Properties and Machinability Ratings of Selected Cold Drawn Alloy Steels..............................................................92 4 82350_Body_a8.qxp_- 3/18/15 11:45 AM Page 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS - CONTINUED PAGE NO. General Information - (continued) Bar Tolerance for Hot Rolled Alloy Bars ......................................................94 Straightness Tolerance for Hot Rolled Steel Bars........................................94 Dimensional Tolerances-SI Units ................................................................95 Permissible Variations in Length for Hot-Wrought Rounds, Squares, Hexagons, and Bar Size Sections of Steel ....................................95 Weights and Areas of Square and Round Steel Bars ..................................96 SPC Terms ................................................................................................101 Calculations for X and R Charts and Capability ........................................102 Control Charts for Attributes......................................................................103 Glossary of Metallurgical Terms ................................................................104 Equations for Hardenable Alloy Steels ......................................................110 Physical Constants ....................................................................................111 SI Prefixes ................................................................................................111 Metric Conversion Factors ........................................................................112 Engineering Conversion Factors ................................................................114 Metric-English Stress Conversion Tables ..................................................116 Work-Energy Conversion Tables................................................................118 Inches Into Millimeters Conversion Table..................................................119 Temperature Conversion Tables ................................................................120 Hardness Conversion Tables ....................................................................126 Forging Terminology..................................................................................128 Periodic Table of Elements ........................................................................145 Chemical Elements - Specific Gravities - Melting & Boiling Points............146 Gerdau Quick Facts....................................................................................150 MACPLUS® Quick Facts ............................................................................154 MACPRIME® Quick Facts ..........................................................................155 Gerdau Locations ......................................................................................160 5 82350_Body_a8.qxp_- 3/18/1511:45AMPage6 6 STANDARD CARBON STEELS Chemical Composition Ranges and Limits SAE No. C Mn SAE No. C Mn SAE No. C Mn 1005 .06 max .35 max 1025 .22/.28 .30/.60 1050 .48/.55 .60/.90 1006 .08 max .25/.40 1026 .22/.28 .60/.90 1053 .48/.55 .70/1.00 1008 .10 max .30/.50 1029 .25/.31 .60/.90 1055 .50/.60 .60/.90 1010 .08/.13 .30/.60 1030 .28/.34 .60/.90 1059 .55/.65 .50/.80 1011 .09/.14 .60/.90 1035 .32/.38 .60/.90 1060 .55/.65 .60/.90 1012 .10/.15 .30/.60 1038 .35/.42 .60/.90 1065 .60/.70 .60/.90 1015 .13/.18 .30/.60 1039 .37/.44 .70/1.00 1070 .65/.75 .60/.90 1016 .13/.18 .60/.90 1040 .37/.44 .60/.90 1074 .70/.80 .50/.80 1017 .15/.20 .30/.60 1042 .40/.47 .60/.90 1078 .72/.85 .30/.60 1018 .15/.20 .60/.90 1043 .40/.47 .70/1.00 1080 .75/.88 .60/.90 1020 .18/.23 .30/.60 1044 .43/.50 .30/.60 1086 .80/.93 .30/.50 1021 .18/.23 .60/.90 1045 .43/.50 .60/.90 1090 .85/.98 .60/.90 1022 .18/.23 .70/1.00 1046 .43/.50 .70/1.00 1095 .90/1.03 .30/.50 1023
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