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Crux of the Hindu and PIB Vol 76 aspirantforum.com News of DecemberTHE CRUX 2020 OF THE HINDU AND PIB THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND THE PIB Vol. 76 DECEMBERImportant News In the Field oF 2020 VOL.76National Economy Internatioonal India and the World Science, Tech and Environment Misclleneous News aspirantforum.com Aspirant Forum AN INITIATIVE BY UPSC ASPIRANTS Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB DECEMBER Aspirant Forum is a Community for the DECEMBER 2020 2020 UPSC Civil Services (IAS) Aspirants, VOL.76 VOL.76 to discuss and debate the various things related to the exam. We welcome an active participation from the fellow members to Editorial Team: enrich the knowledge of all PIB Compilation: Nikhil Gupta The Hindu Compilation: The Crux will be published online Shakeel Anwar for free on 10th of every month. Shahid Sarwar We appreciate the friends and Karuna Thakur followers for apprepreciating our Designed by: effort. For any queries, guidance Anupam Rastogi needs and support, Please contact at: [email protected] You may also follow our website Aspirantforum.com for free online coaching and guidance for IAS Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB Contents DECEMBER 2020 VOL.76 National News..................5 Economy News...............23 International News..........83 India and the World.......140 Science and Technology + aspirantforum.com Environment..................16aspirantforum.com8 Miscellaneous News an Events............................224 Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB About the ‘CRUX’ DECEMBER 2020 Introducing a new and convenient product, to help the aspirants for the various public services examinations. The knowledge of the Current Affairs constitute VOL.76 an indispensable tool for all the recruitment examinations today.However, an aspirant often finds it difficult to read and memorize all the current affairs, from an exam perspective.The Newspapers and magazines are full of information, that may or may not be useful for the exams. Thus, acandidate is forced to spend a substantial amount of his time in selecting and maintaining notes for the current affairs. Another problem is that it is difficult to get every bit of information, relevant from the exam perspective at oneplace. Thus, candidates are often found wasting their time in search of current affairs material. It is with this problem in mind that we have come up with the GIST of The Hindu and Press Information Bureau(PIB). The whole concept of the CRUX is to provide you with a summary of the important news and current affairs,from an exam point of view. By reading the CRUX, you will be able to save your precious time and effort, as you get all the relevant matter in a summarized and convenient form. The Crux is particularly helpful for the Civil Services, Banking, SSC and other exams that have a current affairs section.The material is being provided in such a manner that it is helpful for both- objective and descriptive sections. Our aim is to help the candidates in their effort to get through the examinations. Your efforts and dedication inspire us to keep going. It is our sincere effort to make your journey easier. Best Wishes Editorial Board Teamaspirantforum.com Aspirant Forum Courtesy: The Hindu Press Information Bureau (PIB) Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB DECEMBER 2020 VOL.76 National aspirantforum.com aspirantforum.com National Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB ‘Ensure protection of witness in cases against lawmakers’ The High Court of Karnataka directed the State government to instruct all investigating officers in criminal cases against MPs, MLAs, and MLCs DECEMBER to take measures to ensure the protection of witnesses as per the witness 2020 protection scheme. VOL.76 The court also said that investigating officers should inform witnesses about the availability of the witness protection scheme and tell them that protection can be sought by making an application in the prescribed form to the member-secretary of the competent authority set up under the scheme. A Division Bench comprising Chief Justice Abhay Shreeniwas Oka and Justice S. Vishwajith Shetty issued the direction while hearing a PIL petition initiated suo motu to monitor the progress of 162 criminal cases pending before the special court set up exclusively to try criminal cases against MPs, MLAs, and MLCs. The Bench also said that investigating officers should also assess the vulnerability/threat perception of witnesses and file applications on their behalf and bring the matter to the notice of the special court. Even the specialaspirantforum.com court should apply its mind on the requirement of protection and issue the necessary direction to the State government, it said. Observing that it was the duty of the government to ensure that a very competent person is appointed as public prosecutor in cases against MPs, MLAs and MLCs, the Bench directed the government to submit details of National the persons appointed and the process followed in making the choice of public prosecutor. States with stressed groundwater top in cereal trade: study Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB States with critically low groundwater reserves were responsible for 41%, or about 38.6 million tonnes, of domestic cereal trade. This worked out to nearly 39% of the groundwater being used up in producing and trading DECEMBER cereals among States. 2020 Moreover, a further 21% (19.6 Mt) of domestically produced cereals were VOL.76 exported from six States with ‘semicritical’ to ‘critical’ groundwater status equivalent to 32% of groundwater, according to an analysis by scientists spanning multiple institutions in India and abroad. The study appears in the peer-reviewed Environmental Research Letters. Cereals are the source of about half the energy that an average Indian gets from her diet. Within them, rice and wheat dominate cereal production and it’s also known that they are intensely water-consumptive crops. For this study, the researchers relied on mathematical modelling and used data-sets from 2011-12 — the most updated they say — that had information on inter- State trade of cereals, domestic cereal production, cost of transportation by rail and road between states. From this the “water footprint” of producing and transporting cereals was estimated. Previous studies of embedded water flow in agricultural production have aspirantforum.com usuallyaspirantforum.com focussed on international movements — for instance the amount of water that was lost when a country imported a food crop from another, whereas this focussed on domestic movements and incorporates the role of the public distribution system as well as international outflows, the authors note. National Trade patterns varied between PDS (public distribution system) and non-PDS cereals. The majority (58%; 58.0 Mt) of inter-State cereal trade occurred through the PDS. “Our findings reiterate the substantial potential for balancing water resources through the trade of crops in India, either in addition to or in place of large-scale infrastructure projects,” say the Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB authors. The institutions involved in the study were the Kalinga Institute of Technology, Bhubaneshwar; the Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Bengaluru; the London School of Hygeine and Tropical DECEMBER Medicine, University College London and the Brandenburg University of 2020 Technology, Germany. VOL.76 Law grad seeks RTI info, Gujarat varsity responds: Prove citizenship THE GUJARAT University has asked a law graduate from one of its affiliated colleges in Gandhinagar, who had sought information under Right to Information (RTI) Act, to provide proof that she was an Indian citizen. The applicant, Tanaz Nagori, who is a graduate from Siddharth Law College in Gandhinagar’s Sector 16, had sought photocopies of mark sheets for the internal assessments of LLB sixth semester on October 19 from the university under RTI. In response to her application, the Public Information Officer (PIO) of the university’s examination branch on December 3 stated, “The information soughtaspirantforum.com under the Right to Information Act, 2005, Section 6 gives right to citizens of India to seek information. It is requested that you prove that you are an Indian citizen. After getting proof of your Indian citizenship, the process for giving information will be considered.” Himanshu Pandya, the Vice-Chancellor of Gujarat University (GU), told The Sunday Express, “As this matter is limited to the PIO, and I have not seen National the application and its response, I cannot comment. But it is certain that we do not practise like this (this is not common practice).” The applicant told The Sunday Express that suspecting discrepancies in the internal assessment marks, she had filed the RTI application seeking Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB details first from her college. After receiving an “unsatisfactory” response from the college, she filed a similar application with the Gujarat University. “I believe that the internal assessment marks sent by the college and what DECEMBER has been announced by the university are not the same,” she said. 2020 Nagori adding that she is a gold medallist and in the 60th annual convocation VOL.76 of the Gujarat University in January, she was awarded four gold medals for her exemplary performance in five semesters. “I am an advocate myself; there is no clause in the Constitution or the (RTI) Act where you have to prove your Indian citizenship for filing an RTI application.
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