DOCSLIB.ORG

In Lincoln's Shadow: the Civil War in Springfield, Illinois by ©2014

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
In Lincoln's Shadow: the Civil War in Springfield, Illinois by ©2014 In Lincoln’s Shadow: The Civil War in Springfield, Illinois By ©2014 Jeremy Prichard Submitted to the graduate degree program in History and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson Sheyda Jahanbani ________________________________ Co-Chairperson Jonathan Earle ________________________________ Kim Warren ________________________________ Theodore Wilson ________________________________ Paul Schumaker Date Defended: November 11, 2014 The Dissertation Committee for Jeremy Prichard certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: In Lincoln’s Shadow: The Civil War in Springfield, Illinois ________________________________ Chairperson Sheyda Jahanbani ________________________________ Co-Chairperson Jonathan Earle Date approved: November 11, 2014 ii Abstract This dissertation examines the political, social, and economic development of Springfield, Illinois – Abraham Lincoln’s home – during the American Civil War. It argues that Lincoln’s martyrdom following the war and his assassination preserved the city’s position as Illinois’s state capital, despite the local populace’s mixed attitudes toward him during his presidency. He won the 1860 and 1864 presidential popular vote in Springfield by a combined seventy-nine ballots. He failed to carry his own Sangamon County in either election. When he and his family departed for the White House in February 1861, they left a deeply partisan community that only strengthened over four years of war. Before he became Springfield’s chosen son in death, he was a polarizing figure in the heart of Illinois. Simultaneously, Abraham Lincoln said farewell to a town struggling to keep pace with the population growth and economic development occurring elsewhere in the Prairie State due to the rise of industrialism. Lincoln’s death, including the controversial burial that followed, reversed both trends, bringing momentary unity to a community facing uncertainty during the country’s most trying period. iii Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... iii Introduction "Here I Have Lived" ....................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One The Voice of Springfield?: Debating Secession and War in Lincoln’s Home ......................................................................... 35 Chapter Two "The Appearance of a Military Camp": War Comes to Springfield ............................................................................................................ 72 Chapter Three "The Home of Lincoln Condemns the Proclamation": Emancipation Fractures Springfield Unity ................................................................................. 104 Chapter Four Loyalty Tested, Loyalty Debated: Lincoln’s Home on the Precipice, January-June 1863 ................................................................ 157 Chapter Five "Three Cheers for Old Abe": Emancipation, War, and the 1864 Presidential Election ............................................................. 217 Chapter Six "Home is the Martyr" .................................................................................................................. 269 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 309 Bibliography ............................................................................................................................... 313 iv INTRODUCTION: “HERE I HAVE LIVED” February 11, 1861 is a date etched in the history of Springfield, Illinois. On that cold and unpleasant winter morning, 150 of Abraham Lincoln’s friends and neighbors gathered at the Great Western Railway to watch the next President of the United States depart for the White House. It was an emotional day for all present. Lincoln, having already said goodbye to most familiar faces in the weeks and days leading up to his parting, did not prepare a speech for the moment, but soon changed his mind. After boarding the presidential train, Lincoln walked to the rear of the car, removed his hat, and, according to James C. Conkling, with a “breast heaved with emotion,” uttered the following words: My friends—No one, not in my situation, can appreciate my feeling of sadness at this parting. To this place, and the kindness of these people, I owe every thing. Here I have lived a quarter of a century, and have passed from a young to an old man. Here my children have been born, and one is buried. I now leave, not knowing when, or whether ever, I may return, with a task before me greater than that which rested upon Washington. Without the assistance of that Divine Being, who ever attended him, I cannot succeed. With that assistance I cannot fail. Trusting in Him, who can go with me, and remain with you and be every where for good, let us confidently hope that all will yet be well. To His care commending you, as I hope in your prayers you will commend me, I bid you an affectionate farewell.1 Not considered one of Lincoln’s finest speeches, it was still a special tribute to the hometown he was leaving for, as it turned out, the last time. A lengthier version was reprinted the following day in the Daily Illinois State Journal, Springfield’s Republican newspaper. Local Republicans recited it in the final weeks of the 1864 election. The Journal, along with the Democratic Daily Illinois State Register, reprinted the extended version following news of the president’s assassination. It is inscribed, word for word, on the Illinois State Capitol building in Springfield. Renowned Lincoln scholars and biographers have quoted it regularly. This 1 Douglas A. Wilson, Lincoln's Sword: The Presidency and the Power of Words (New York: Vintage Books, 2007), 11. 1 emotional parting connected the man with his hometown, and to this day visitors cannot avoid Springfield’s association with Abraham Lincoln. Nothing serves that connection better than his “Farewell Speech.” But this relationship is rather significantly complicated, beginning with the “Farewell Speech” itself. Part of the problem, as historian Douglas L. Wilson has demonstrated, was the fact that Lincoln said something slightly different that drizzly February morning. One observer recalled Lincoln saying, “I now leave, not knowing when or whether ever I may return.”2 Others present that morning remembered something slightly different, even though the message was the same. We cannot know with any certainty what Lincoln said because the above-mentioned speech was written after the train left the depot. A reporter traveling with the presidential caravan asked the president-elect, after they had set off, to write down what he had said to the crowd, and Lincoln complied. Wilson suggests that Lincoln, both a skilled orator and writer, revised his comments on the train, aware that the enunciated word would not have the same effect in print. Wilson compared Lincoln’s revised speech with other contemporary accounts of the event and found a distinction in the way the president-elect described his recollections of Springfield. The account on top seems closest to what Lincoln said, contrasted with the version on the bottom that Lincoln wrote on the train, with brackets surrounding the same words found in both: “Here I have lived for more than a quarter of a century [and have passed from a young to an old man]; here my children were born, and here one of them lies buried.” “Here I have been a quarter of a century, [and have passed from a young to an old man]. Here my children have been born, and one is buried.”3 2 Preston Bailhache, “Abraham Lincoln As I Remember Him,” John E. Boos Collection, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library (Hereafter cited as ALPLM). 3 Wilson, Lincoln's Sword, 15-16. 2 These two phrases get the same point across, but they express slightly different sentiments and emotions when read aloud. Only recently have scholars deciphered Lincoln’s train-shaken handwriting and determined that he actually wrote the phrase “Here I have been,” instead of “Here I have lived,” thus giving the phrase an alliterative flair better detected through sound over sight. But even Lincoln initially failed to see the benefits of this stylistic difference; he uttered the word “lived” as virtually everyone in attendance that morning recalled. Only later on the train did he change it to “been.”4 This might seem trivial, and the same scrutiny could be applied to other parts of that speech, but the main takeaway is thus: the passage written down that day by contemporary accounts – not Lincoln’s written version – stuck with the community. They were reminded of it again over the next four years. Lincoln’s 1861 “Farewell Speech” to his friends and neighbors held literal sway, even if it was not a literal chronicling of the account. Apart from the veracity of Lincoln’s “Farewell Speech,” popular memory also obscures another facet of the sixteenth president’s relationship with Springfield community. Contrary to his image in the city today, Lincoln was anything but a beloved figure when he ran and served as president. He won Springfield with a slight majority in the 1860 election and an even smaller margin of victory for reelection in 1864. He had less support outside the city limits, losing the popular vote
Load more

Recommended publications
  • “Lincoln Bibles”?
    How Many “Lincoln Bibles”? GORDON LEIDNER In a 1940 edition of Lincoln Lore, editor and historian Dr. Louis A. War- ren stated that “no book could be more appropriately associated with Abraham Lincoln than the Bible,” and he briefly introduced his read- ers to nine “Historic Lincoln Bibles” that he thought should be linked with the sixteenth president.1 Eleven years later, Robert S. Barton, son of the Lincoln biographer Rev. William E. Barton, published a paper titled “How Many Lincoln Bibles?”2 In it, Barton updated the status of Warren’s nine historic Lincoln Bibles, then added three Bibles he thought should also be associated with the 16th president. This list of a dozen Lincoln Bibles has not been critiqued or updated since that time, 1951. But a few significant discoveries, particularly in the past decade, justify a fresh look at this subject. In this article I update the status of the twelve previously identified historic Lincoln Bibles, discuss which Bibles Lincoln used while presi- dent, and introduce four previously unidentified Bibles that should be added to this list. One of these “new” Bibles may have been used by Lincoln’s mother to teach him how to read when he was a child, and another was probably read by Lincoln when he was president. These sixteen Bibles are shown in the table. The first twelve are presented in the order that Warren and Barton discussed them. In Lincoln Lore, Warren wrote that the Bible was “the single most influential book that Abraham Lincoln read.”3 An extensive study of Lincoln’s use of the Bible is beyond the scope of this article, but suffice it to say that Lincoln utilized the Scriptures extensively to support his ethical and political statements.
    [Show full text]
  • FALL 03 Web Supplement
    MAGAZINE — INTERNET SUPPLEMENT — This is a Special Supplement to the Fall 2003 issue of Blue & Gray Magazine (Vol. XX, Issue 6). The Feature Article was written by Ed Bearss, with a Driving Tour by Dave Roth, Editor of B&G, with Steve McDaniel and Jim Weaver of the Parker’s Crossroads Battlefield Association. If you are not a subscriber, you can purchase the issue by visiting the Online Store section of our website, or check your local bookstore. SUPPLEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS0 Officers Mentioned in the Supplement..............................2 Regional Base Map............................................................3 Eyewitness Account: Adolph Engelmann, USA................4 Salem Cemetery Battle Map..............................................6 Eyewitness Account: Leander Stillwell, USA...................7 Preservation at Salem Cemetery.........................................8 Eyewitness Account: Dan Beard (aka Baird), CSA...........9 Trenton Tour Map.............................................................11 The Battle of Parker’s Crossroads Base Map...................12 Eyewitness Account: John Watson Morton, CSA............13 Preservation at Parker’s Crossroads.................................14 Nathan Bedford Forrest, CSA Cyrus L. Dunham, USA Officers Mentioned in the Supplement John W. Fuller, USA John P. Strange, CSA Robert G. Ingersoll, USA, postwar (left) H. J. B. Cummings, USA and George G. Dibrell, CSA, postwar. Parker’s Crossroads Battlefield Assn. Jeremiah Sullivan, USA 2—BLUE & GRAY MAGAZINE—FALL 2003 INTERNET SUPPLEMENT Regional Map BASE MAP DER 3—BLUE & GRAY MAGAZINE—FALL 2003 INTERNET SUPPLEMENT — EYEWITNESS ACCOUNT — Letter from Col. Adolph Engelmann to his sister about the Battle of Salem Cemetery Bolivar, Tennessee December 26, 1862 Dear Sister: Since I wrote you last I have led a rather active life, and Mina has had the experience of being in the immediate vicinity of a skirmish.
    [Show full text]
  • Reviewing the Civil War and Reconstruction Center for Legislative Archives
    Reviewing the Civil War and Reconstruction Center for Legislative Archives Address of the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society NAID 306639 From 1830 on, women organized politically to reform American society. The leading moral cause was abolishing slavery. “Sisters and Friends: As immortal souls, created by God to know and love him with all our hearts, and our neighbor as ourselves, we owe immediate obedience to his commands respecting the sinful system of Slavery, beneath which 2,500,000 of our Fellow-Immortals, children of the same country, are crushed, soul and body, in the extremity of degradation and agony.” July 13, 1836 The Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1832 as a female auxiliary to male abolition societies. The society created elaborate networks to print, distribute, and mail petitions against slavery. In conjunction with other female societies in major northern cities, they brought women to the forefront of politics. In 1836, an estimated 33,000 New England women signed petitions against the slave trade in the District of Columbia. The society declared this campaign an enormous success and vowed to leave, “no energy unemployed, no righteous means untried” in their ongoing fight to abolish slavery. www.archives.gov/legislative/resources Reviewing the Civil War and Reconstruction Center for Legislative Archives Judgment in the U.S. Supreme Court Case Dred Scott v. John F. A. Sanford NAID 301674 In 1857 the Supreme Court ruled that Americans of African ancestry had no constitutional rights. “The question is simply this: Can a Negro whose ancestors were imported into this country, and sold as slaves, become a member of the political community formed and brought into existence by the Constitution of the United States, and as such, become entitled to all the rights and privileges and immunities guaranteed to the citizen?..
    [Show full text]
  • Shaping Chicago's Sense of Self: Chicago Journalism in The
    Richard Junger. Becoming the Second City: Chicago's Mass News Media, 1833-1898. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2010. xiv + 235 pp. $25.00, paper, ISBN 978-0-252-07785-2. Reviewed by Jon Bekken Published on Jhistory (August, 2011) Commissioned by Donna Harrington-Lueker (Salve Regina University) In this book, Richard Junger explores the de‐ sensibilities that often dominated local politics. velopment of the Chicago press in the nineteenth This is a particularly valuable study because it century (from 1833, when the city’s frst newspa‐ leads Junger to focus on a period that has re‐ per appeared, until 1898), looking at several key ceived relatively little attention, particularly from moments to understand the press’s role in shap‐ journalism historians, and once again reminds us ing the city’s development and its sense of itself. that the practice of journalism by no means uni‐ The jacket copy calls attention to Junger’s discus‐ formly followed the progressive narrative that sion of the 1871 fre, the Haymarket Square inci‐ still too often shapes our approaches. dent, the Pullman Strike, and the World’s My major criticism of this very useful work is Columbian Exposition--all from the fnal two the extent to which it persists in treating Chicago decades of the study--but this material occupies journalism as a singular entity, and one distinct less than half the book, and is not its most signifi‐ from other centers of social power. Junger’s subti‐ cant contribution. Junger’s key focus is the path tle refers to “Chicago’s Mass News Media,” per‐ that led Chicago to become America’s second city-- haps in recognition of the fact that his focus on a campaign of civic boosterism that obviously English-language daily newspapers excludes the aimed significantly higher, but nonetheless played vast majority of titles published in the city.
    [Show full text]
  • LINCARNATIONS August 2016
    Volume 24 No. 1 LINCARNATIONS August 2016 “Would I might rouse the Lincoln in you all” Taking Care of Business Note from Murray Cox, ALP Treasurer: Those of you who at- tended our conference in Vandalia in 2015 recall that after Col- leen Vincent (California) took a fall, a free will offering was tak- en up and sent to her and her husband, Roger, to help with related expenses. At our annual business meeting this year, I failed to mention that a nice note was received from the Vincents, thank- ing us for our thoughtfulness. I belatedly mention this now to those of you who donated to this cause, so you will know that your efforts were acknowledged and appreciated by the Vincents. As always, we urge all of you who have email access to make sure the organization has your correct address. Please send ANY updated contact information to: John Cooper, Membership Chair, fourscore7yearsa- [email protected]; 11781 Julie Dr., Baltimore, Ohio 43105, and to ALP President Stan Wernz, [email protected]; 266 Compton Ridge Dr., Cincinnati, Ohio 45215. We continue to invite you to share your ALP communication ide- as with the Lincarnations team: Vicki Woodard, ([email protected], 217-932-5378); Dean Dorrell (abe@honest- abe.com, 812-254-7315); and Gerald Payn ([email protected], 330-345-5547). ASSOCIATION OF LINCOLN PRESENTERS PRESENTERS OF LINCOLN ASSOCIATION Inside this issue: Letter from Stan Wernz 2 Conference Report 3 Book Review: “Lincoln's Battle with God” 5 Mary’s Velvet Rose 6 In Memoriam 8 Page 2 LINCARNATIONS Association of Lincoln Presenters 266 Compton Ridge Drive Cincinnati, Ohio 45215 Greetings, ALP Members! May 9, 2016 The 22nd annual conference of the Association of Lincoln Presenters was held in Santa Claus, Ind.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Was Robert Todd Lincoln?
    WHO WAS ROBERT TODD LINCOLN? He was the only child of Abe and Mary Lincoln to survive into adulthood - with his three brothers having died from illness at young ages. Believe it or not, Robert lived until 1926, dying at age 83. But along the way, he sure lived a remarkable life. For starters, he begged his father for a commission to serve in the Civil War, with President Lincoln refusing, saying the loss of two sons (to that point) made risking the loss of a third out of the question. But Robert insisted, saying that if his father didn't help him, he would join on his own and fight with the front line troops; a threat that drove Abe to give in. But you know how clever Abe was. He gave Robert what he wanted, but wired General Grant to assign "Captain Lincoln" to his staff, and to keep him well away from danger. The assignment did, however, result in Robert's being present at Appomattox Court House, during the historic moment of Lee's surrender. Then - the following week, while Robert was at the White House, he was awakened at midnight to be told of his father's shooting, and was present at The Peterson House when his father died. Below are Robert's three brothers; Eddie, Willie, and Tad. Little Eddie died at age 4 in 1850 - probably from thyroid cancer. Willie (in the middle picture) was the most beloved of all the boys. He died in the White House at age 11 in 1862, from what was most likely Typhoid Fever.
    [Show full text]
  • IILY ALBUM Robert Tcxld Loncoln Beckwith ( 1904-1985)
    (')f/Hf/11 ~'/ / .'J.f/J teenth Pre'ldent. In 1965 he v.:h introduced to T HE L INCOLN FA\'IILY ALBUM Robert Tcxld Loncoln Beckwith ( 1904-1985). By Mark£. Neely. JJ: & Harold 1/ol:er the grcat-gran<hon of Prc,idcnt Lincoln. Thi' New York: Douhlec/ay.{/990{ meeting rc>ultcd in the eventual di,covery of m:U1) hotherto unknown Lincoln trea>ure,, not the lea.\! of Quarro. clorlr /mu/ing.xil'./72. {3/ (l<tges. S35.00 \\hich are the collectton of albums and photographs prc­ A Re1·inr by Ralph Geoffrey Neawuw SCI"ed for posterit) by four generation; of the Lincolns. We arc all indebted to the Lincoln National Life fn,ur­ Writing to llarvey G. E.1Stman. a Poughkeepsie. New :o~k :tncc Company for it' devotion to American hi-tory. particu­ abolitionist. who had requested a photograph of the llhnoas larly the Abraham Lincoln 'tory, and for acquiring thb lawyer-politician. Abmham Lincoln replied " I h:avc not a superb collection and placmg it m The Loncoln MlL\e~m on ,angle one nov. :u m) control: but I thin~ you can ~a,il) get Fort \\'a)ne. Indiana v.hcre It v.ill be a\atlable forth" and one at New-Yorl.. While I ""' there I "a' taken to one of future generations. In the many }Cal'\ \!nee th founding. the place-' "here they get up 'uch tlnng,, and I >uppo-e they Lincoln Life has given more than mere "hp o;ervice" to 1t' got my shaddow. and can multiply copie' indelinitely." use of the Lincoln name.
    [Show full text]
  • Idaho Room Books by Date
    Boise Public Library - Idaho Room Books 2020 Trails of the Frank Church-River of No Return Wilderness Fuller, Margaret, 1935- 2020 Skiing Sun Valley : a history from Union Pacific to the Holdings Lundin John W. 2020 Sky Ranch : living on a remote ranch in Idaho Phelps, Bobbi, author. 2020 Tales and tails : a story runs through it : anthologies and previously Kleffner, Flip, author. 2020 little known fishing facts Symbols signs and songs Just, Rick, author. 2020 Sun Valley, Ketchum, and the Wood River Valley Lundin, John W. 2020 Anything Will Be Easy after This : A Western Identity Crisis Maile, Bethany, author. 2020 The Boise bucket list : 101 ways to explore the City of Trees DeJesus, Diana C, author. 2020 An eye for injustice : Robert C. Sims and Minidoka 2020 Betty the Washwoman : 2021 calendar. 2020 Best easy day hikes, Boise Bartley, Natalie L. 2020 The Castlewood Laboratory at Libuyu School : a team joins together O'Hara, Rich, author. 2020 Apple : writers in the attic Writers in the Attic (Contest) (2020), 2020 author. The flows : hidden wonders of Craters of the Moon National Boe, Roger, photographer. 2020 Monument and Preserve Educating : a memoir Westover, LaRee, author. 2020 Ghosts of Coeur d'Alene and the Silver Valley Cuyle, Deborah. 2020 Eat what we sow cook book 2020 5 kids on wild trails : a memoir Fuller, Margaret, 1935- 2020 Good time girls of the Rocky Mountains : a red-light history of Collins, Jan MacKell, 1962- 2020 Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming 100 Treasure Valley pollinator plants. 2020 A hundred little pieces on the end of the world Rember, John, author.
    [Show full text]
  • CONSUMING LINCOLN: ABRAHAM LINCOLN's WESTERN MANHOOD in the URBAN NORTHEAST, 1848-1861 a Dissertation Submitted to the Kent S
    CONSUMING LINCOLN: ABRAHAM LINCOLN’S WESTERN MANHOOD IN THE URBAN NORTHEAST, 1848-1861 A dissertation submitted to the Kent State University College of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By David Demaree August 2018 © Copyright All right reserved Except for previously published materials A dissertation written by David Demaree B.A., Geneva College, 2008 M.A., Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 2012 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2018 Approved by ____________________________, Chair, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Kevin Adams, Ph.D. ____________________________, Members, Doctoral Dissertation Committee Elaine Frantz, Ph.D. ____________________________, Lesley J. Gordon, Ph.D. ____________________________, Sara Hume, Ph.D. ____________________________ Robert W. Trogdon, Ph.D. Accepted by ____________________________, Chair, Department of History Brian M. Hayashi, Ph.D. ____________________________, Dean, College of Arts and Sciences James L. Blank, Ph.D. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................................................................................................iii LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...............................................................................................................v INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • A War All Our Own: American Rangers and the Emergence of the American Martial Culture
    A War All Our Own: American Rangers and the Emergence of the American Martial Culture by James Sandy, M.A. A Dissertation In HISTORY Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTORATE IN PHILOSOPHY Approved Dr. John R. Milam Chair of Committee Dr. Laura Calkins Dr. Barton Myers Dr. Aliza Wong Mark Sheridan, PhD. Dean of the Graduate School May, 2016 Copyright 2016, James Sandy Texas Tech University, James A. Sandy, May 2016 Acknowledgments This work would not have been possible without the constant encouragement and tutelage of my committee. They provided the inspiration for me to start this project, and guided me along the way as I slowly molded a very raw idea into the finished product here. Dr. Laura Calkins witnessed the birth of this project in my very first graduate class and has assisted me along every step of the way from raw idea to thesis to completed dissertation. Dr. Calkins has been and will continue to be invaluable mentor and friend throughout my career. Dr. Aliza Wong expanded my mind and horizons during a summer session course on Cultural Theory, which inspired a great deal of the theoretical framework of this work. As a co-chair of my committee, Dr. Barton Myers pushed both the project and myself further and harder than anyone else. The vast scope that this work encompasses proved to be my biggest challenge, but has come out as this works’ greatest strength and defining characteristic. I cannot thank Dr. Myers enough for pushing me out of my comfort zone, and for always providing the firmest yet most encouraging feedback.
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph Medill : an Editor of the Old School
    this The person • , j't^^J^fJ^g" maten^,; sponsibl.as with, I brTr ? oelovv. 1 Lp^'-'iioHon, ^ ^ the JOSEPH MEDILL: AN EDITOR^- CJ/;;7 «"on o„T;;i";''»j;^''oofc. ^^^^^ " ""^"^^ call Te/eni. """"issol^ KATHRYN B. A. Rockfof Submitted in Partial Fulfi MAS Ll61_O-I096 IN HISTORY IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 1916 JOSEPH MEDILL: AN EDITOR OF THE OLD SCHOOL BY KATHRYN MADDOCK B. A. Rockford College, 1915 THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 1916 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/josephmedilleditOOmadd UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS THE oo GRADUATE SCHOOL CM I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPER- VISION BY JiLj!^-/!^!^^^ ^^^^^^^^r^^f^Sf^^ ENTITLED BE ACCEPTED AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF In Charge of Thesis Head of Department Recommendation concurred in :* Committee on Final Examination* ^Required for doctor's degree but not for master's. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. SKETCH OF HIS LIFE ^ Ancestry Boyhood Education Law Acquaintance with newspapers Early experience as an editor Coshocton Republican Cleveland Leade'r Connection with the Chicago Tribune Campaign of 186^ Washington correspondent Civil War Service of his brother in the army The Union League of America Right of Soldiers to vote in 1864 Medill Editor-in-chief, 1863-6 Editorship of Horace i/lliite Member Constitutional Convention, 1869-70 Election as Mayor of Chicago Trip abroad Medill as editor-in-chief, 1874-99 Personal peculiarities Death II.
    [Show full text]
  • Riots, Public Perception and Government Response in the Civil
    Law and Lawlessness: Government Response to Riots in Southern Cities during the Civil War Erik Lorenz HIST-497: Research Methods in History October 29, 2020 1 Introduction “There are lamp posts and rope enough to cure this worse than treason—and the remedy will be supplied by an outraged people.”1 This ominous observation was made in a poster which some disgruntled citizen posted in a public place in Mobile, Alabama before May 9th, 1863. The sentiment described could have been articulated by upset citizens in many urban centers during the Civil War. In the wartime South, cities were often the scene of violent crowd passions. From outrage over food prices to violent political passions, moments of lawlessness swept through cities, raising questions over the role government played in leading to those riots and how they dealt with such moments of lawlessness. Historians of riots in southern cities during the Civil War have focused on bread riots in particular and their characteristics, causes and gendered elements. Andrew Smith’s Starving the South: How the North Won the Civil War predictably argues that hunger was the deciding factor in the Civil War.2 Smith covers Northern and Southern agricultural production before the war, the impact of the Confederate cotton embargo, the reasons the Confederacy failed to grow more food over the course of the war, and touches on the Confederate government response to food scarcity. In his chapter on the Confederate bread riots, Smith gives a broad overview of their characteristics, causes and gendered elements. He recounts the events of various riots while largely focusing on the Richmond riot.
    [Show full text]