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Tito-In-Africa.Pdf TI TOin AFRI CA TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY Publisher Museum of Yugoslavia, Belgrade For the Publisher Еxhibition Organised by Neda Knežević Museum of Yugoslavia, Belgrade Editors Socialism Goes Global Project, Radina Vučetić, Paul Betts University of Exeter, UK Heads of Project Exhibition Curators Radina Vučetić, Paul Betts Ana Sladojević Radovan Cukić, Ana Sladojević Mirjana Slavković Texts Written by Photo Archive Curator Radina Vučetić, Paul Betts Radovan Cukić Radovan Cukić, Ana Sladojević Research Assistance Reviewers Nemanja Radonjić Prof. Dr. Milena Dragićević Šešić Organization Prof. Dr. Milan Ristović Mirjana Slavković, Museum of Prof. Dr. Ljubinka Trgovčević Yugoslavia Mitrović Exhibition Design Translation Igor Stepančić Neda Radulović Viswanatha, Irena Stepančić Irina Vujičić, Ivana Tomić Conservation Graphic Design Nataša Skrinjik Cvetković Dragana Lacmanović Credits Photographs from the Museum of The Archives of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia Photo Archive by Filmske novosti Dragutin Grbić, Mirko Lovrić Museum of African Art – Veda and Miloš Rašeta, Aleksandar Dr. Zdravko Pečar Collection Stojanović Vlasta Lovrić Ječmen Photographs of Exhibits Dušan Lalević Family Gavrilo Masniković Technical Realization of the Photography Editor Exhibition Jovana Stojadinović Sava Kovačević Printed by Tihomir Nedeljković DMD Beograd, Belgrade, 2017 Print Run / 500 copies ISBN 978-86-84811-46-4 Museum of Yugoslavia Edited by Radina Vučetić Paul Betts TITO inAFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY Belgrade / 2017 TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY THE MUSEUM OF YUGOSLAVIA THANKS THE FOLLOWING FOR THEIR FINANCIAL SUPPORT: THE MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND INFORMATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA Socialism Goes Global Project PARTNER INSTITUTIONS The Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, UK The Wende Museum, Los Angeles, USA TI TOin AFRI CA TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY Contents 6 Introduction Neda Knežević 10 Foreword James Mark 12 Tito’s Africa: Representation of Power during Tito’s African Journeys Radina Vučetić 46 A Red Wind of Change: African Press Coverage of Tito’s Visits to Decolonizing Africa Paul Betts 78 The Image of Africa in the Photographic Collections of the Museum of Yugoslavia Radovan Cukić 92 Beyond the Photographic Frame: Interpretation of Photographs from the Museum of Yugoslavia’s Collection in a Contemporary Context Ana Sladojević 126 Curators’ Note Ana Sladojević, Mirjana Slavković 128 A Selection of Photographs for the Exhibition Tito in Africa: Picturing Solidarity Selection made by Radovan Cukić, Paul Betts, Radina Vučetić 140 Bilateral Relations between Yugoslavia and the Countries of Africa 154 Notes on Contributors 6 TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY Foreword Neda Knežević MA Director of the Museum of Yugoslavia The exhibition Tito in Africa: Picturing Sol- idarity is the product of the collaboration be- tween the Museum of Yugoslavia and a team of experts gathered around the international project Socialism Goes Global. Following their research of the Museum’s photographic collec- tions, the proposal to organise an exhibition as part of this project was put forward by Radina Vučetić, a professor at the Department of His- tory at Faculty of Philosophy, University of Bel- grade, and Paul Betts, a professor at St Antony’s College, University of Oxford. The exhibition aims to offer yet another interpretation of Mu- seum’s rich archive to both the local and inter- national audiences. Photographic materials from three of the Museum’s collections (photo archive, albums, and Tito’s own photographs) are a requisite source for researchers of the African continent in the second half of the 20th century since there are several thousand photographs in those collec- tions that illustrate Tito’s visits to African coun- tries. Even though the majority of documented activities is related to the official events organ- ised by the host country for a guest of honour, there are a number of exciting photographs that TI record special moments of leisure during those TOin visits: touring the archaeological sites and histor- AFRI ical locations and museums, spending time in na- CA TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY 7 ture or hunting, meetings with workers in their workplaces or with ordinary citizens going about their daily activities, in the streets, in villages… Photographs from Tito’s journeys to Africa have not only brought together international in- stitutions – the Museum of Yugoslavia, the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, and the Wende Mu- seum in Los Angeles as well as the University of Belgrade, University of Oxford, and University of Exeter – but also other individuals gathered around this project. Radovan Cukić, Head of the Department for Research and Conservation of Museum’s Collections and the person most re- sponsible for the curation, digitalization, and promotion of Museum’s photographic materi- al, played a very important role in the project by pointing out the significance and influence that photography has had on the perception and understanding of historical events. The curators Mirjana Slavković and Ana Sladojević conceived the exhibition, highlighting today’s absence of knowledge about anti-colonialism and the tradition of solidarity, a knowledge which like many values from our recent past has fallen into neglect and oblivion. As part of the exhibition Tito in Africa: Pic- turing Solidarity – in addition to the unparalleled photographic material – the public will also have an opportunity to see other artifacts from 8 TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY the Museum’s collections, such as gifts from the Memorial Collections of Josip Broz Tito. The finest ex- pression of Tito’s contacts with leaders of African countries is the great number of gifts exchanged during those visits, some of which – consider- ing the frequency of his travels over a period of several decades – make up substantial museum collections (for example, objects made of ivory or silver, medals, etc.) in their own right. A con- siderable amount of those gifts forms part of the national heritage from which countries they originated (for example, three alabaster vases from the Pyramid of Djoser, or a Roman mosa- ic from Tunisia). According to when they were made, they are also amongst the oldest objects in the Museum’s collections. In addition to their artistic and material value, these gifts have yet another dimension today. They are a testament to fascinating and unique events from the lat- ter half of the 20th century, witnesses of a time in which a country – even then not very big – played a significant role in global affairs. As part of the Museum’s collections, we will also feature publications from the Library of Josip Broz Tito, material from Filmske novosti, as well as items from the Museum of African Art and the private collections from the Lovrić and Lalević families. This way, thanks to the catalogue and a touring exhibition at the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford and the Wende Museum in Los Angeles, our national heritage will be presented to the world as part of a global cultural heritage and a tribute to the time of solidarity with Africa and the Third World. Thanks goes to everyone who participated TI in putting together this exhibition and the publi- TOin cation Tito in Africa: Picturing Solidarity, especial- AFRI ly to Radina Vučetić who initiated idea for the CA TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY 9 exhibition and quickly grasped the unique quali- ty, and multiple meanings of these photographs from Tito’s African travels, their historical sig- nificance, but also great artistic value that they carry. We also thank the curators Ana Slado- jević, Mirjana Slavković, and Radovan Cukić, as well as Professor Paul Betts who brought to attention the importance and potential of the Museum’s material. Special thanks go to the publication’s reviewers: Ljubinka Trgovčević Mi- trović, a retired professor at the Faculty of Po- litical Sciences, University of Belgrade, Milena Dragićević Šešić, a professor at the University of Arts in Belgrade, and Milan Ristović, a pro- fessor in the Department of History at Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade. They con- firmed our shared conviction that the exhibition is worth public attention and the support of the Ministry of Culture and Information of the Re- public of Serbia. We hope that the public will enjoy the ex- hibition and the catalogue which will take them on a journey through Africa and bring them closer to the people, the customs, the culture, landscapes, history, and a former sense of soli- darity, a concept very much forgotten today. By pointing to the solidarity that our former coun- try displayed towards peoples of Africa in their struggle against colonialism and their fight for freedom and independence, we wish to encour- age both the general public and exhibition visi- tors to think about the place of solidarity in to- day’s world and our relation toward the Other. 10 TITO IN AFRICA PICTURING SOLIDARITY Foreword James Mark Principal Investigator, Socialism Goes Global and Professor of History, University of Exeter Our project, Socialism Goes Global: Cold War Connections Between the Second and Third Worlds 1945-1991, is very pleased to co-sponsor this exhibition Picturing Solidarity: Tito in Africa. The history of internationalism that this exhibition explores was quickly forgotten following the fall of socialist regimes in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. Nevertheless, these stories are surfacing once again, fascinating a new generation inter- ested in the region’s contributions to the eco- nomic
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