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Rhynchocinetes Rathhunae, a New Shrimp from the Hawaiian Islands (Crustacea: Decapoda: Rhynchocinetidae)L

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Rhynchocinetes Rathhunae, a New Shrimp from the Hawaiian Islands (Crustacea: Decapoda: Rhynchocinetidae)L Pacific Science (1996), vol. 50, no. 3: 309-316 © 1996 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved Rhynchocinetes rathhunae, a New Shrimp from the Hawaiian Islands (Crustacea: Decapoda: Rhynchocinetidae)l JUNn OKUN0 2 ABSTRACT: A new species of caridean shrimp of the family Rhynchocineti­ dae, Rhynchocinetes rathbunae Okuno, is described and illustrated based on six males, an ovigerous female, a second female, and a juvenile from the Hawaiian Islands. It is closely related to R. brucei Okuno from the tropical western Pacific and R. rugulosus Stimpson from southern Australian waters, but is readily dis­ tinguishable from the two latter species by absence of a podobranch on the second maxilliped, the longer rostrum, forms of the stylocerite and endopod of male first pleopod, meral dentition of the ambulatory pereiopods, and the color in life. IN THE ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION of Rhynchoci­ Rhynchocinetes rugulosus: Rathbun, 1906, netes brucei Okuno, 1994, it was suggested 911, fig. 64; Edmondson, 1952,70 (in part), that another Hawaiian rhynchocinetid shrimp fig. 2 (not Stimpson, 1860). in the collections ofthe B. P. Bishop Museum, ? Rhynchocinetes rugulosus: Edmondson, Honolulu, Hawai'i, might be an undescribed 1925, 6; Hiatt, 1948, 79 (not Stimpson, species. Through the courtesy of L. G. El­ 1860). dredge, I examined the specimens in question during a short visit to the museum. In addi­ TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype: Male (BPBM tion, John Hoover, an underwater photogra­ S11275, 7.0 rom CL), Hawaiian Islands, pher in Honolulu, kindly sent me some speci­ O'ahu, Waimea Bay, 21 0 38.0' N, 158 0 04.0' mens of the shrimp captured at Waimea Bay W, 29 November 1994, colI. J. Hoover and and Hanauma Bay, O'ahu. This shrimp re­ J. Earle. Paratypes: 1 male (BPBM S11276, sembles R. brucei and R. rugulosus Stimpson, 11.6 rom CL) and 1 ovigerous female (BPBM 1860, but differs in morphology and the SI1277, 8.0 rom CL), Hawaiian Islands, life color, and I describe it here as new to O'ahu, Kahe Pt., 21 0 20.0' N, 158 0 11.0' W, 4 science. Abbreviations are as follows: CL: February 1977; 3 males (NSMT Cr 2420, 11.3, postorbital carapace length; BPBM: Bernice 6.9, and 6.3 mm CL), same data as holotype; P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawai'i; CBM: 1 female (CBM ZC 1964, 4.7 mm CL), Ha­ Natural History Museum and Institute, waiian Islands, O'ahu, Hanauma Bay, 21 0 Chiba, Japan; NSMT: National Science Mu­ 16.3'N, 15]0 42.0' W, 25 June 1995, colI. J. seum, Tokyo, Japan; NTM: Northern Terri­ Hoover; ajuvenile (USNM 31008, 2.4 rom CL), tory Museum, Darwin; USNM: National French Frigate Shoals, 17 -17~ fathoms (31­ Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian 32 m) depth, colI. Steamer Albatross. OTHER Institution, Washington, D.C. MATERIAL EXAMINED: male (NSMT Cr 11104, 8.6 rom CL), Hawaiian Islands, exact collec­ Rhynchocinetes rathbunae Okuno, n. sp. tion site unknown, colI. aquarium traders. Figures 1-3, Tables 1,2 DESCRIPTION: Body subcylindrical, typical form of Rhynchocinetes. Carapace (Figure lA) covered with fine transverse striae, armed with two acute spines on median carina, an­ 1 Manuscript accepted 25 October 1995. 2 Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 955-2 terior spine just behind rostral articulation, Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260, Japan. posterior spine feebly articulated with car- 309 B \ )1 F c M E t7 K I-----lBDEGHKM H >-------<1CIJ >--__IFl New Shrimp from the Hawaiian Is1ands-OKuNo 311 apace; supraorbital spine acute, directed an­ distally, with sparse long setae. Maxillula teriorly; antennal spine pointed, supported (Figure 2B) with slender palp with dentic­ by feeble carina, directed anteriorly, extend­ ulate long seta distally; upper lacinia broad, ing beyond tip of supraorbital spine; ptery­ with two rows of stout distal spines; lower gostomial angle with a small acute spine. lacinia slightly larger than the upper, with Rostrum (Figure IB) articulated with car­ numerous spiniform distal setae. Maxilla apace, 1.3-1.6 times as long as carapace; (Figure 2C) with slender palp; coxal endite dorsal margin armed with two teeth prox­ marginally oblique; distal endite bilobed, up­ imally, five to six small teeth subterminally; per lobe distally rounded, slightly broader ventral margin armed with 12-13 teeth. than the lower, lower lobe with indistinctly Abdominal somites (Figure I C) covered bilobed distal margin; scaphognathite well with fine striae; first three somites with developed, anterior lobe with slightly rounded pleurae marginally rounded; sixth somite distal end, posterior lobe slender, elongate, 0.5-0.7 times as long as carapace, 1.8-2.0 directed posteriorly, inner margin with con­ times as long as its distal depth, with an acute vex lobe proximally. First maxilliped (Figure posteroventral spine; an acute anal spine be­ 2D) with elongate, two-segmented palp with tween bases of uropods. Telson (Figure ID) rounded distal end; proximal endite smaller 0.6-0.8 times as long as carapace, 1.2 times than the distal, slightly rounded marginally; as long as sixth abdominal somite, armed distal endite with distal margin concave; dorsally with three pairs of spines, the first exopod well developed, caridean lobe large, pair at proximal two-fifths and the third pair flagellum slender; epipod bilobed, with feebly at distal fifth; midpoint of posterior margin pointed distal margin. Second maxilliped prominent, with three pairs of spinules, me­ (Figure 2E) without podobranch; epipod dian pair longest. pointed distally, with the undivided, slightly Eye well developed, with large, globular triangular remains of a podobranch on upper cornea; stalk much more slender than cornea. margin proximally; dactylar segment with Antennular peduncle (Figure IE) reaching truncate distal margin; propodal segment about to midlength of scaphocerite; stylocer­ broad, distomedial margin expanded; carpal ite long, reaching proximal third of distal segment with slightly convex distal end of segment; proximal segment with distolateral outer margin. Third maxilliped (Figure 2F) spine falling slightly short of distal margin of slightly overreaching tip of scaphocerite; ul­ median segment, ventrally with an acute tooth timate segment 0.5-0.7 times as long as car­ at inner margin. apace, 1.7-1.9 times as long as penultimate Scaphocerite (Figure IF) 0.8-1.0 times as segment, with six dark corneous spines dis­ long as carapace, 3.6-4.3 times as long as tally; penultimate segment 0.3-0.4 times as maximum width, outer margin slightly con­ long as carapace; antepenultimate segment cave distally; distolateral spine acute, exceed­ with a row of sparse setae laterally, with an ing end of lamella; basicerite with an acute acute distolateral spine; exopod well devel­ ventrodistal spine and with rounded lobe just oped, falling slightly short of distal margin of above spine. antepenultimate segment. Mandible (Figure 2A) with three-seg­ Branchial formula as shown in Table I. mented palp, distal segment rounded, with First pereiopod (Figure I G) chelate, mod­ dense setae marginally; incisor process stout, erately robust, falling slightly short of mid­ distal margin truncate, with blunt teeth; mo­ length of scaphocerite; chela 0.4-0.5 times as lar process subcylindrical, obliquely truncate long as carapace, 1.6-2.0 times as long as ... FIGURE I. Rhynchocinetes rathbunae, n. sp., holotype male (BPBM SI1275): A, carapace and cephalic appendages; B, anterior part of carapace with rostrum; C, fourth to sixth abdominal somites; D, telson; E, antennular peduncle, ventral view; F, scaphocerite (setae omitted); G, first pereiopod; H, second pereiopod; I, third pereiopod; J, dactylus of third pereiopod; K, endopod of first pleopod; L, second pleopod; M, uropod (setae omitted). Scales: A, 2.5 mm; B, C, F, I, 2.0 mm; D, E, G, H, L, M, 1.0 mm; J, K, 0.5 mm. A \Ji c o A- E F FIGURE 2. Rhynchocinetes rathbunae, n. sp., paratype male (BPBM SI1276): A, mandible; B, maxillula; C, maxilla; D, first maxilliped; E, second maxilliped; F, third maxilliped. Setae omitted on C, 0, E. Scales: A-E, 1.0 mm; F, 5.0 mm. New Shrimp from the Hawaiian Islands-OKuNo 313 TABLE 1 with four to five (rarely three) equidistant BRANCHIAL FORMULA OF acute spines; dentition and proportion of Rhynchocinetes rathbunae. N. SP. carpus resembling those of fourth pereiopod; propodus 0.5-0.7 times as long as carapace, MAXILLIPEDS PEREIOPODS 1.6-1.9 times as long as carpus. Endopod of male first pleopod (Figure 2 3 2 3 4 5 IK) with distal end slightly pointed; devel­ Pleurobranch oped appendix interna attaches midlength Arthrobranch 2 of inner margin, with numerous granules Podobranch distally; small lobe at distal third of outer Epipod margm. Exopod Endopod of male second pleopod (Figure IL) with appendices masculina and interna attached at distal two-fifths of outer margin; carpus, tips of both fingers with dark claws; appendix masculina broad, rounded, fringed carpus 0.2-0.3 times as long as carapace, with dense setae; appendix interna consid­ with dorsal margin distally pointed; merus erably more slender than appendix mascu­ 1.6-1.8 times as long as carpus, with an lina, with numerous granules distally. acutely pointed spine at distal end of dorsal Uropodal endopod and exopod (Figure margm. 1M) overreaching tip of telson; exopod with Second pereiopod (Figure 1H) chelate, an articulated spine and a nonarticulated more slender than first pereiopod, slightly spine at distal fourth of outer margin, the overreaching midlength of scaphocerite; former much longer than the latter. chela 0.3-0.4 times as long as carapace; car­ COLORATION: Ground color of body gen­ pus 0.4-0.5 times as long as carapace, 1.2­ erally transparent pink, carapace and first to 1.4 times as long as chela.
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