Archives De L'académie Internationale D'histoire Des Sciences
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Cantor on Infinity in Nature, Number, and the Divine Mind
Cantor on Infinity in Nature, Number, and the Divine Mind Anne Newstead Abstract. The mathematician Georg Cantor strongly believed in the existence of actually infinite numbers and sets. Cantor’s “actualism” went against the Aristote- lian tradition in metaphysics and mathematics. Under the pressures to defend his theory, his metaphysics changed from Spinozistic monism to Leibnizian volunta- rist dualism. The factor motivating this change was two-fold: the desire to avoid antinomies associated with the notion of a universal collection and the desire to avoid the heresy of necessitarian pantheism. We document the changes in Can- tor’s thought with reference to his main philosophical-mathematical treatise, the Grundlagen (1883) as well as with reference to his article, “Über die verschiedenen Standpunkte in bezug auf das aktuelle Unendliche” (“Concerning Various Perspec- tives on the Actual Infinite”) (1885). I. he Philosophical Reception of Cantor’s Ideas. Georg Cantor’s dis- covery of transfinite numbers was revolutionary. Bertrand Russell Tdescribed it thus: The mathematical theory of infinity may almost be said to begin with Cantor. The infinitesimal Calculus, though it cannot wholly dispense with infinity, has as few dealings with it as possible, and contrives to hide it away before facing the world Cantor has abandoned this cowardly policy, and has brought the skeleton out of its cupboard. He has been emboldened on this course by denying that it is a skeleton. Indeed, like many other skeletons, it was wholly dependent on its cupboard, and vanished in the light of day.1 1Bertrand Russell, The Principles of Mathematics (London: Routledge, 1992 [1903]), 304. -
Hans-Ludwig Wußing
Wußing, Hans-Ludwig akademischer Titel: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. Prof. in Leipzig: 1968-69 Professor mit LA für Geschichte der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften. 1969-92 o. Professor für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften. Fakultät: 1952-55 Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät – Mathematisches Institut. 1955-57 Arbeiter- und Bauern-Fakultät. 1957-69 Medizinische Fakultät - Karl-Sudhoff-Inst. für Geschichte der Medizin u. der Naturwissenschaften. 1969-92 Bereich Medizin - Karl-Sudhoff-Institut für Geschichte der Medizin u. der Naturwissenschaften. Lehr- und Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften. Geschichte der Mathematik. Forschungsgebiete: weitere Vornamen: Lebensdaten: geboren am 15.10.1927 in Waldheim/Sachsen. gestorben am 26.04.2011 in Leipzig Vater: Hans Wußing (Kfm. Angestellter) Mutter: Lucie Wußing geb. Altmann (Hausfrau) Konfession: ohne Lebenslauf: 1934-1937 Bürgerschule Waldheim. 1937-1943 Oberschule Waldheim. 9/43-11/43 Einberufung als Luftwaffenhelfer in Leipzig.. 11/43-4/45 Einberufung zur Wehrmacht als Kanonier und Kriegsteilnahme. 4/45-12/45 Britische Kriegsgefangenschaft in Belgien. 12/45-4/46 Landwirtschaftlicher Hilfsarbeiter in Mentrup Kr. Osnabrück. 4/46-07/47 Oberschule Waldheim mit Abschluss Abitur. 1947-1952 Studium der Mathematik und Physik an der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig. 1.09.1952 Staatsexamen für Lehrer an der Oberstufe der Deutschen Demokratischen Schule im Hauptfach Mathematik und Nebenfach Physik. 1.09.1952 Aufnahme in die planmäßige wiss. Aspirantur im Fach Mathematik an der Universität Leipzig. 1952-1955 plm. wiss. Aspirant am Mathematischen Institut der Karl-Marx-Universität Leipzig. 1955-1957 Lektor an der Arbeiter-und Bauern-Fakultät (ABF) der Karl-Marx-Universität Leipzig. 1957-1959 Wiss. Ass. am Karl-Sudhoff-Institut für Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften. -
The Sixth Award of the Kenneth O May Medal and Prize
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Historia Mathematica 37 (2010) 4–7 www.elsevier.com/locate/yhmat News and Notices The sixth award of the Kenneth O. May Medal and Prize Karen Hunger Parshall Department of History & Mathematics, University of Virginia, Kerchof Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4137, USA On the 31 July, 2009, in Budapest, at the quadrennial International Congress for the History of Science and Technology, the sixth Kenneth O. May Prizes and Medals were awarded by the International Commission for the History of Mathematics to Ivor Grattan-Guinness and Radha Charan Gupta. In the absence of the ICHM Chair, Karen Parshall, Craig Fraser, the ICHM Vice Chair, read the following citation: In 1989, the International Commission for the History of Mathematics awarded, for the first time, the Kenneth O. May Prize in the History of Mathematics. This award honors the memory of Kenneth O. May, mathematician and historian of mathematics, who was instrumental in creating a unified international community of historians of mathematics through his tireless efforts in founding in 1971 the International Commission for the His- tory of Mathematics and in 1974 the ICHM’s journal, Historia Mathematica. The Kenneth O. May Prize has been awarded every four years since 1989 to the historian or historians of mathematics whose work best exemplifies the high scholarly standards and intellectual con- tributions to the field that May worked so hard to achieve. To date, the following distin- guished historians of mathematics have been recognized for their work through receipt of the Kenneth O. -
The History of Arabic Sciences: a Selected Bibliography
THE HISTORY OF ARABIC SCIENCES: A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Mohamed ABATTOUY Fez University Max Planck Institut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Berlin A first version of this bibliography was presented to the Group Frühe Neuzeit (Max Planck Institute for History of Science, Berlin) in April 1996. I revised and expanded it during a stay of research in MPIWG during the summer 1996 and in Fez (november 1996). During the Workshop Experience and Knowledge Structures in Arabic and Latin Sciences, held in the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin on December 16-17, 1996, a limited number of copies of the present Bibliography was already distributed. Finally, I express my gratitude to Paul Weinig (Berlin) for valuable advice and for proofreading. PREFACE The principal sources for the history of Arabic and Islamic sciences are of course original works written mainly in Arabic between the VIIIth and the XVIth centuries, for the most part. A great part of this scientific material is still in original manuscripts, but many texts had been edited since the XIXth century, and in many cases translated to European languages. In the case of sciences as astronomy and mechanics, instruments and mechanical devices still extant and preserved in museums throughout the world bring important informations. A total of several thousands of mathematical, astronomical, physical, alchemical, biologico-medical manuscripts survived. They are written mainly in Arabic, but some are in Persian and Turkish. The main libraries in which they are preserved are those in the Arabic World: Cairo, Damascus, Tunis, Algiers, Rabat ... as well as in private collections. Beside this material in the Arabic countries, the Deutsche Staatsbibliothek in Berlin, the Biblioteca del Escorial near Madrid, the British Museum and the Bodleian Library in England, the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris, the Süleymaniye and Topkapi Libraries in Istanbul, the National Libraries in Iran, India, Pakistan.. -
Em Caixa Alta
Revista Brasileira de História da Matemática - Vol. 4 no 7 (abril/2004 - setembro/2004 ) - pág. 79 - 87 Ensaio/Resenha Publicação Oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de História da Matemática ISSN 1519-955X ENSAIO/RESENHA ESCREVENDO A HISTÓRIA DA MATEMÁTICA: SEU DESENVOLVIMENTO HISTÓRICO Sergio Nobre Unesp - Brasil (aceito para publicação em janeiro de 2004) Dauben, Joseph W. & Scriba, Christoph J. (ed.). Writing the History of Mathematics: Its Historical Development. Basel, Boston, Berlin: Birkhäuser Verlag. 2002. Science Networks – Historical Studies Volume 27. Pp. xxxvii + 689, ISBN 3-7643-6166-2 (Hardcover) ISBN 3-7643-6167-0 (Softcover). O tema abordado neste livro merece mais do que uma simples resenha, é uma excelente oportunidade para divulgar aos leitores em língua portuguesa um pouco sobre a história do movimento internacional de institucionalização da área de investigação científica em História da Matemática. Para iniciar, vale ressaltar três nomes que aparecem em destaque nas primeiras páginas do livro, e que possuem extrema relevância para o movimento internacional da escrita da História da Matemática: International Commission on the History of Mathematics, a Comissão International de História da Matemática, que deu o suporte científico para a edição do livro; Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach, o Instituto de Pesquisa em Matemática de Oberwolfach, ao qual o livro é dedicado. O terceiro nome é de uma pessoa, Kenneth O. May, em cuja memória o livro também é dedicado. Um pouco da história sobre estas três autoridades da movimento internacional de pesquisa em História da Matemática representa um importante subsídio para a apresentação do livro Writing the History of Mathematics: Ist Historical Development. RBHM, Vol. -
Macintyre, Virtue Ethics, and the Historiography of Science
The Virtues of Scientific Practice: MacIntyre, Virtue Ethics, and the Historiography of Science Daniel J. Hicks and Thomas A. Stapleford* Abstract “Practice” has become a ubiquitous term in the history of science, and yet historians have not always reflected on its philosophical import and especially on its potential connections with ethics. In this essay, we draw on the work of the virtue ethicist Alasdair MacIntyre to develop a theory of “communal practices” and explore how such an approach can inform the history of science, including allegations about the corruption of science by wealth or power; consideration of scientific ethics or “moral economies”; the role of values in science; the ethical distinctiveness (or not) of scientific vocations; and the relationship between history of science and the practice of science itself. Introduction Talk about “practice” pervades the contemporary historiography of science. In one sense, that focus has deep roots: one can find sources in continental history and philosophy of science,2 in Marxism,3 or even in the “interstitial academy” at Harvard that helped form Thomas Kuhn.4 (Despite the attention to paradigms, “practice” appears close to forty times in Structure, with Kuhn insisting that an accurate “concept of science” could come only from close study of the “research activity” of scientists.)5 Nonetheless, the term “practice” itself did not become a common analytical concept in Anglo-American historical studies of science until the mid-1970s to early 1980s, when its usage began to rise precipitously (see Figure 1). Since 2000, almost 40% of research articles in Isis have contained five or * Daniel J. -
Elizabeth F. Lewis Phd Thesis
PETER GUTHRIE TAIT NEW INSIGHTS INTO ASPECTS OF HIS LIFE AND WORK; AND ASSOCIATED TOPICS IN THE HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS Elizabeth Faith Lewis A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2015 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6330 This item is protected by original copyright PETER GUTHRIE TAIT NEW INSIGHTS INTO ASPECTS OF HIS LIFE AND WORK; AND ASSOCIATED TOPICS IN THE HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS ELIZABETH FAITH LEWIS This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Ph.D. at the University of St Andrews. 2014 1. Candidate's declarations: I, Elizabeth Faith Lewis, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 59,000 words in length, has been written by me, and that it is the record of work carried out by me, or principally by myself in collaboration with others as acknowledged, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in September 2010 and as a candidate for the degree of Ph.D. in September 2010; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2010 and 2014. Signature of candidate ...................................... Date .................... 2. Supervisor's declaration: I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of Ph.D. -
Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means?
Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means? Isis 2006 Nye, Mary Jo Department of History, Oregon State University Originally published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society and can be found at: http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublication?journalCode=isis Citation: Nye, M. J. (2006, June). Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means. Isis, 97(2), 322-329. Available from the JSTOR website: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/504738 Scientific Biography: History of Science by Another Means? By Mary Jo Nye* ABSTRACT Biography is one of the most popular categories of books—and indeed the most popular category among nonfiction books, according to one British poll. Thus, biography offers historians of science an opportunity to reach a potentially broad audience. This essay examines approaches typical of different genres of scientific biography, including histo- rians’ motivations in their choices of biographical subject and their decisions about strat- egies for reconstruction of the biographical life. While historians of science often use biography as a vehicle to analyze scientific processes and scientific culture, the most compelling scientific biographies are ones that portray the ambitions, passions, disappoint- ments, and moral choices that characterize a scientist’s life. AMES ATLAS, a biographer and the editor of the Penguin Lives Series, writes in the J New York Times Book Review of a rainy afternoon leisurely spent in a London bookshop, where he was “stunned by the sheer profusion of ‘lives,’ as the British call biographies.” Biographies of Churchill lined an entire back wall, surrounded by shelves of biographies of people unknown or unfamiliar to Atlas. -
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Isis, 1970–1979
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Isis, 1970{1979 Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 26 February 2019 Version 0.14 Title word cross-reference ⊃ [521]. 1 [511]. 1050 [362]. 10th [521]. 11th [1186, 521]. 125th [737]. 1350 [1250]. 1485 [566]. 14th [1409]. 1524 [1554]. 1528 [1484]. 1537 [660]. 1561 [794]. 15th [245]. 1600 [983, 1526, 261]. 1617 [528]. 1632 [805]. 1643 [1058]. 1645 [1776]. 1650 [864]. 1660 [1361]. 1671 [372]. 1672 [1654]. 1674 [1654]. 1675 [88]. 1680 [889]. 1687 [1147]. 1691 [1148]. 1692 [888, 371]. 1695 [296]. 16th [1823]. 1700 [864]. 1700-talets [890]. 1704 [476]. 1708 [265]. 1713 [1415]. 1733 [756]. 1741 [1494]. 1751 [1197]. 1760 [1258]. 1774 [1558]. 1777 [1909, 572]. 1780 [314, 663]. 1792 [269]. 1794 [266]. 1796 [1195, 840]. 1799 [128]. 1799/1804 [128]. 17th [1256, 623, 1813]. 1800 [1641, 100, 1343, 1044, 1655, 248, 1331]. 1802 [127, 437]. 1803 [405, 1778]. 1804 [128]. 1807 [625]. 1814 [668]. 1815 [1777]. 1820 [1660]. 1826 [1857]. 1832 [668]. 1841 [1362]. 1844 [1913, 946]. 1848 [1708]. 185 [1327]. 1850 [1230, 1391]. 1855 [442]. 1860 [301, 1232, 1917, 1367]. 1865 [445, 1263]. 1 2 1866 [253, 71]. 1868 [1019]. 1870's [674]. 1875 [1364]. 1878 [25]. 1880 [1427, 807, 1894]. 1882 [381]. 1889 [1428]. 1893 [1588]. 1894 [1921]. 1895 [896]. -
Mathematics People, Volume 52, Number 11
Mathematics People Bos Awarded 2005 May Prize Heinrich and Liu Receive 2005 The International Commission for the History of Mathe- CMS Awards matics (ICHM) has awarded the 2005 Kenneth O. May Prize and Medal to HENK BOS of the University of Utrecht. The The Canadian Mathematical Society (CMS) has awarded the May Prize honors outstanding contributions to the history 2005 Adrien Pouliot Award to KATHERINE HEINRICH of the Uni- of mathematics. According to the prize citation, Bos’s versity of Regina, Saskatchewan, and the 2005 G. de B. studies of the work of Descartes and his contemporaries Robinson Prize to YU-RU LIU of the University of Waterloo. and predecessors are “an exploration of what counted as The Adrien Pouliot Award is given to individuals or good mathematics in a particular period…Henk Bos has, teams of individuals who have made significant and sus- through his deep and insightful research, fundamentally tained contributions to mathematics education in Canada. shaped present-day understanding of the mathematics of Heinrich originated the Canadian Mathematics Education the seventeenth century…Bos gives to this seventeenth- Forum in 1995 as a venue for people interested in math- century material the kind of careful attention it was given ematics education at all levels to meet and discuss issues by the experts when it was new.” His other writings, in- of common interest and has been involved in the promo- cluding a collection of essays on the history of mathematics, tion of mathematics and mathematics education through- have “effectively extended Bos’s audience beyond the com- out her career. -
Front Matter
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-59448-6 - The Cambridge History of Science: Volume 2: Medieval Science Edited by David C. Lindberg and Michael H. Shank Frontmatter More information THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF SCIENCE volume 2 Medieval Science This volume in the highly respected Cambridge History of Science series is devoted to the history of science in the Middle Ages from the North Atlantic to the Indus Valley. Medieval science was once universally dismissed as nonexistent – and sometimes it still is. This volume reveals the diversity of goals, contexts, and accomplishments in the study of nature during the Middle Ages. Organized by topic and culture, its essays by distinguished scholars offer the most comprehensive and up-to-date history of medieval science currently available. Intended to provide a balanced and inclusive treatment of the medieval world, contributors consider scientific learning and advancement in the cultures associated with the Arabic, Greek, Latin, and Hebrew languages. Scientists, historians, and other curious readers will all gain a new appreciation for the study of nature during an era that is often misunderstood. David C. Lindberg is Hilldale Professor Emeritus of the History of Sci- ence and past director of the Institute for Research in the Humanities at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He has written or edited a dozen books on topics in the history of medieval and early-modern science, includ- ing The Beginnings of Western Science (1992). He and Ronald L. Numbers have previously coedited God and Nature: Historical Essays on the Encounter between Christianity and Science (1986) and When Science and Christianity Meet (2003). -
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Isis, 1990–1999
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Isis, 1990{1999 Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 25 May 2018 Version 0.07 Title word cross-reference c [1275]. AΠOPHMA [2901]. BOTANIKON [2901]. ΠEPITΩNΠEΠONΘΩNTOΠΩN [1716]. ⊂ [431]. ⊃ [431]. -1708 [2436]. -4 [3189]. /Max [3367, 1215]. 0Die [1766]. 1 [1169, 2655, 2935, 566, 1131, 1939]. 1.7 [1001]. 1.7-7 [1001]. 10 [2649, 2983]. 100 [323]. 129 [1808]. 1333 [1938]. 1336 [2425]. 1345 [2250, 920]. 1400 [3429]. 1420 [2078]. 1450 [1797]. 1483 [348]. 150-Year [2452]. 1500 [29]. 1530 [30]. 1543 [441]. 1550 [2160, 3491, 1246]. 1570 [1998]. 1597 [3531]. 1600 [3326, 2734, 440, 151, 347]. 1610 [1724]. 1610/11 [1651]. 1620 [2652]. 1626 [2003]. 1632 [2000]. 1650 [1377]. 1653 [2901]. 1 2 1654 [2346]. 1657 [732]. 1659 [2816]. 1662 [357]. 1676 [1379, 452]. 1683 [1531]. 1685 [838]. 1687 [1976]. 1690 [2661]. 1696 [1531]. 1699 [835]. 1700 [34, 2491, 3315, 2975]. 1701 [2512]. 1715 [1820]. 1718 [2167]. 1727 [1193, 42]. 1730 [1733]. 1740 [2899]. 1742 [260]. 1750 [3140, 1479, 1560, 3142, 1286, 1566, 2746, 3141, 2351, 1385, 3404]. 1753 [456]. 1770 [460, 3152]. 1773 [3342]. 1777 [1483]. 1783 [2749]. 1785 [3057]. 1789 [461]. 1789/90 [461]. 1791 [3146]. 1792 [1734]. 1795 [2174, 165]. 1799 [561, 3442]. 17de [2814]. 1800 [2356, 326, 2412, 44, 923, 1928, 2902, 2101, 932, 245, 3590].