The Giant African Snail: a Problem in Economic Malacology

Home , Clausilia, Drilus flavescens, Leptinaria, Lissachatina, Riccardoella limacum, Snail

BIBLIOGRAPHY

ABBOTT, R. T. 1948. The spread and destructiveness of the giant African snail, Achatina fulica. Nautilis, 62(1):31-34. 1949. March of the giant African snail. Nat. Hist., 58(2):68-71. 1950. Snail invaders. Nat. Hist., 59(2):80-85. 1951a. Battle of the snails. Science Digest, 30:15-19. 19516. Operation snailfolk: Pacific island biological control experiment. Nat. Hist., 60:280-85. 1951c. Report on the introduction of natural enemies of the giant African snail to Agiguan Island, Marianas Is. Invert. Consultants Comm. for Micro- nesia, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. 11 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1952. New federal regulations on importing mollusks. Amer. Malacol. Union, Ann. Kept., 1952:9. ADAM, W., AND LELOTJP, E. 1943. Recherches sur les parasites des mollusques terrestres de Belgique. Memoires Musee Royal d'Hist. Nat. Belgique, 33(62): 1-40. ADAMS, L. E. 1938. Notes on enemies of mollusca. Jour. Conch., 21(2) :49. AGUAYO, C. G. 1944a. Leptinaria lamellata y otros moluscos introducidos en Cuba. Rev. Soc. Malacol. Carlos de la Torre, Habana, 2(2):51-58. 19446. Los moluscos comestibles de Cuba. Ibid., 2(1): 17-20. 1950. Caracoles trotamundos. Bol. Historia Natural, Sociedad Filipe Poey, 1(2): 75-82. ALBRECHT, P. G. 1921. Chemical study of several marine mollusks of the Pacific Coast. Jour. Biol. Chem., 45:395-405. 1923a. Chemical study of several marine mollusks of the Pacific Coast. The liver. Ibid., 57:789-94. 1923&. The reproductive system. Ibid., 56:483-87. ALICATA, J. E. 1938. The land-snail an intermediate host of the cecae [sic] fluke of poultry. Science, 88(2275): 129. 1950. Observations on the biology and control of a garden slug injurious to orchids in Hawaii. Bull. Pacific Orchid Soc. Hawaii, 8(3): 279-85. ALICATA, J. E., AND BESS, H. A. 1952. Fireflies may control flukes. Hawaii Farm Science, 1(3) :3, 6. ALLAN, J. 1949. The giant African snail—a crop-destroying traveller. Australian Mus. Mag., 9(11) :374-77. ALLEE, W. C., EMEBSON, A. E., PARK, O., PARK, T., AND SCHMIDT, K. P. 1949. Principles of animal ecology. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co., 837 pp.

205 206 BIBLIOGRAPHY ALLEN, J. A. 1916. Edibility of Polygyra and Ariolimax. Nautilus, 29:143. ALPHEN DE VEER, E. J. VAN 1954. De agaatslak (Achatina fulica Fer.), een gevaar voor jonge bosculturen. Penggemar Alam, 34(1/2) :36. ALTSON, R. A. 1950a. Giant snail. Rubber Res. Inst., Malaya, Report for the Period Jan., 1941, to Aug., 1945, p. 67. 19506. Other animal pests. Ibid., Report for the Period Sept., 1945, to Dec., 1948, pp. 187-88. ANDERSON, A, W., AND TAYLOR, T. H. 1926. The slug pest. Leeds Univ. Bull., No. 143, pp. 3-14. ANDERSON, R. M. 1934. Effect of the introduction of exotic animal forms. Proc. Fifth Pacific Sci. Cong., 1:769-78. ANDRE, E. 1923. Le manganese chez les animaux lacustres abyssaux. Ann. Biol. Lacustre Bruxelles, 12:11-14. ANDRE, M., AND LAMY, E. 1930. Les acariens parasites des mollusques. Jour, de Conchy!., 74(3): 199- 221. 1931. Les acariens parasites des mollusques (notes complementaires). Ibid., 75(4): 322-27, ANDREWABTHA, H. G., AND BIRCH, L. C. 1954. The distribution and abundance of animals. Chicago, Univ. Chicago Press, 782 pp. ANDREWS, E. A. 1948. Achatina achatina (L.) lays its eggs. Nautilus, 61(3): 95-96. ANNANDALE, N. 1907. The distribution in India of the African snail Achatina fulica Fer. Records Indian Museum, Calcutta, 1:176-77. 1919. Mortality among snails and the appearance of bluebottle flies. Nature, 104:412-13. ANONYMOUS 1913. Cannibal snail, Nautilus, 26:132. 1914. Canned snails. Pure Products (New York), 10(5) :244. 1925. Jaarboek Dept. Landbouw Nijverheid Handel, Batavia, p. 61. 1927a. Une achatine vivante. Bull. Cercle Zoologique Congolais. Revue de Zoologie et Botanique Africaine, 4(3) :74. 19276. Control of snails in orchards. N. Zealand Jour. Sci. Tech., 9:96. 1929. Control of snail infestation in orchards definitely outlined. Calif. Citro- graph, 14(9): 270. 1930. Slugs and snails. Queensland Agric. Jour., 34(1): 115. 1932. Further spread of the land-snail Achatina fulica. Nature, 129:692. 1936. A discovery of a new cure for consumption and kidney trouble: the use of giant snails. Translated by Rokuro Urata and Earl I. Naito. Osaka Mainichi Shinbun, April 19, 1936. 1939. Mauritius, Dept. of Agric., Ann. Kept., 1938:42. 1941. De agaatslak in Atjeh. Tropische Natuur, 30:173. 1942. Notes sur la preparation et le mode d'emploi (Tun app&t empoisonne centre les colimagons. Revue Agricole de Tile Maurice, 21(6): 271. 1945. Ainda o arua. Chacaras e Quintals, 71:362. 19460. Beware of the giant African snail. News Bull. Dept. Agric. Commerce, Manila, 1(6/7): 65. BIBLIOGRAPHY 207 19466. Egg laying snails menace three Pacific isles. The Sphere (London), 187: 400. 1947a. Giant snails numerous in Kokopo District, N. G. Pac. Islands Monthly, 18(2): 33. 19476. [Note] News Bull. Dept. Agric. Commerce, Manila, 1(11): 114. 1947c. Millions of snails. Pac. Islands Monthly, 18(2) :75. 1947d. Pests left by Japs: Giant snails in the Marshalls. Ibid., 18(3):22. 19470. Snail stew. Newsweek, 29:64. May 26, 1947. 1948a. Concerning snails. Pac. Islands Monthly, 19(3) :49. 19486. Fight snail with beetles. Sci. News Letter, 54(3) :44. 1948c. Giant snails. Pac. Islands Monthly, 18(7) :24. 1948d. Giant snails: Jap infestation not yet under control. Ibid., 18(12) :40. 19480. Giant snails: Scientists at work on most difficult problem in New Guinea. Ibid., 18(6) :71. 1949a. Cannibal snail, fearsome enemy of giant land snails. Hobbies, 54:155. 19496. Danger in curly shells. Pathfinder, 56(16): 24-25. Aug. 10, 1949. 1949c. Excerpt from the "Crown Colonist." Pac. Islands Monthly, 19(10) :48. 1949d. The giant snail. The Times (London), No. 51,517, p. 6. Oct. 20, 1949. 1949e. Giant snails repelled. Sci. News Letter, 56(18): 279. 1949/. Has the giant snail a food value? Pac. Islands Monthly, 19(9): 6. 19490. Ravenous snail. Time, 53(13): 74. Mar. 28, 1949. 1949A. Snails and slugs (Helix aspersa and Limax sp.). Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, 60(10): 539-41. 1949z\ War of the snails. Pathfinder, 56(6) :20. Mar. 23, 1949. 1949;". War on African snail. Sci. News Letter, 56(6) :91. 1953a. Kill giant African snails. Ibid., 64(4): 55. 1953&. Plant quarantine announcements: United States of America. FAO Plant Protection Bull, 1(4) :63. 1953c. Snail snoop. Amer. Mag., 156(5) :56. 1953d. Snails useful feed. Sci. News Letter, 65(13): 207. 1954. Colony of Singapore annual report, 1953. Singapore, Gov. Printer, 265 pp. 1956a. Biological control of Achatina by Gonaxis. Pac. Sci. Assoc. Information Bull., 7(6): 11-12. 1956&. Cannibal snail gets a job. Life, 40(16): 159-60. April 16, 1956. 1956c. The hunter snail. Time, 67(2) :44, 46. Jan. 9, 1956. 1956d. Proceedings of the third annual meeting of the Natural Science Founda- tion. Philadelphia, 19 pp. (Unnumbered.) 1959. All about garden snails . . . especially how to get rid of them. Sunset, 122 (3): 174-78. 1960a. Biological control, giant African snail, Hawaii. Pac. Sci. Assoc. Infor- mation Bull., 12(2) :9-10. 19606. Transactions of the first international conference of insect pathology and biological control. Praha. August 13-18, 1958. 653 pp. (Sep. printed.) ARAUJO, H. B. DB 1952. Controle as lesmas. Revista Agronomica (Porto Alegre), 16:363-66. ARIZONA CODE. Chapter xlix. Agriculture and Horticulture. 1939. ARMITAGE, H. M. 1949. Bureau of entomology. Thirtieth Annual Report. Calif. Dept. Agric. Bull., 38(4): 176-77. ARNOULD, C. 1933. Un elevage et un parcage pratique des escargots. I/Agriculture Nou- velle, 43(1673) :313-14. 208 BIBLIOGRAPHY

ASHFORD, C. 1881. Notes from the Isle of Wight. Jour. Conch., 3:132-35. ATKINS, W. R. G., AND LEBOTJR, M. V. 1923a. The H-ion concentration of the soil and of natural waters in relation to the distribution of snails. Roy. Dublin Soc. Sci., Proc., N.S., 17(25- 31):233-40. 1923&. Soil reaction, water snails and liver flukes. Nature, 111:83. AUSTIN, G. D. 1924. The Indian glow-worm (Lamprophorus tenebrosus Wlk.) Yearbook, Dept. Agric. Ceylon, Peradeniya, 1924:68-69.

BAER, J. G. 1952. Le male (Tun phoride commensal des achatines de la foret tropical africaine. Revue Suisse Zool., 59 :239. BAIRD, W. 1850. Long-suspended vitality of a snail. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 2d ser., 6:68-69. BAKER, E. W., AND WHAKTON, G. W. 1952. An introduction to acarology. New York, Macmillan Co., 465 pp. BAKER, F. 1934. A conchological Rip Van Winkle. Nautilus, 48(1) :5-6. BAKEK, R. H. 1946. Some effects of the war on the wildlife of Micronesia. North Amer. Wadlife Conference, Trans., 1946:205-12. BALACHOWSKY, A. S. 1937. La destruction des limaces et autres gasteropodes phytophages, par le metaldehyde. Chimie & Industrie, 38(4): 213-15. BALLAND, A. 1898. Sur la composition des poissons, des crustaces et des mollusques. C. R. Acad. Sc., Paris, 126:1728-31. BALOCK, J. W. 1951. Ethylene dibromide for destroying fruit fly infestations in fruits and vegetables. Science, 114(2953): 122. BANKS, N. 1915. The ocarina or mites: A review of the group for the use of economic en- tomologists, USDA Report No. 108, 153 pp. BARNES, H. F. 1949a. The control of slugs on allotments and gardens. The Northern Allot- ment & Garden, May-July, 1949. 19496. The slugs in our gardens. New Biology (Penguin Books), 6:29-49. BARNES, H. F., AND WEIL, J. W. 1942. Baiting slugs using metaldehyde mixed with various substances. Ann. Appl. Biol., 29(1): 56-68. BARRY, D. H. 1959. Observations on the giant African snail. West African Pharmacist, 1959:92-93. BASINGER, A. J. 1923a. Eradication of the white snail, Helix pisana at La Jolla, California. Calif. Dept. Agric. Bull., 12 (1/2): 7-11. 19236. A valuable snail poison. Jour. Econ. Ent., 16:456-58. 1923c. The white snail (Helix pisana) at La Jolla, California. Ibid., p. 522-26. BIBLIOGRAPHY 209 1927. The eradication campaign against the white snail (Helix pisana) at La Jolla, California. Calif. Dept. Agric. Bull., 16(2):51-77. 1931. The European brown snail in California. Univ. Calif. Agric. Expt. Sta., Berkeley, Bull. No. 515, pp. 1-22. 1935. Measuring the efficiency of materials used for snail control. Jour. Econ. Ent., 28:903-5. 1940. Brown snail infestations. Calif. Citrograph, 25(7): 226. BAUMHOVER, A. EL, HUSMAN, C. N., SKIPPER, C. C., AND NEW, W. D. 1959. Field observations on the effects of releasing sterile screw-worms in Florida. Jour. Econ. Ent., 52(6): 1202-6. BAYFOBD, E. G. 1906. Drilus flavescens Rossi, 9, and its larva. Ent. Monthly Mag., 42:267- 68. BEEKLEK, J. G. 1944. U.S. Patent 2,363,852, Nov. 28, 1944. BEELEY, F. 1935. SnaUs. Rubber Res. Inst., Malaya, Ann. Kept., 1934:109. 1938a. The giant snail Achatina fulica (Fer.): Suggestions for control. Jour. Rubber Res. Inst. Malaya, 8(2): 130-39. Reprinted: Trop. Agriculturist, Ceylon, 90:247-54. 1938&. Snails and slugs (Mollusca). Rubber Res. Inst., Malaya, Ann. Rept., 1937:152. BEHUBA, B. K. 1955. Depredations of the giant African land snail, Achatina fulica (Ferussac) in Balasore (Orissa). Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 54(2): 287. BELLEVOYE [sic] 1870. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 10(4) rxxxv-xxxvi. BENSON, W. H. 1858. Note sur la transportation et la naturalisation au BengaJe de FAchatina fulica de Lamarck. Jour, de Conchy!., 7:26&-68. BENTHEM JUTTING, W. S. S. VAN 1934. Achatina fulica (Fer.) in the Netherlands East Indies. Jour. Conch., 20(2): 43-44. 1948. On the present state of the malacological research in the Malay Archi- pelago. Chronica Naturae, 104(5): 129-38. 1952a. A snail farm in the Netherlands. Basteria, 16(1/2), 25-30. 1952&. Systematic studies on the non-marine mollusca of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. III. Critical revision of the Javanese pulmonate land- snails of the families Ellobiidae to Limacidae, with an appendix on Helicarionidae. Treubia, 21(2): 291-435. BEQUAERT, J, C. 1919. Parasites of Achatina. In: H. A. Pilsbry, A review of the land mollusks of the Belgian Congo. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bull., 40:61-63. 1925. The arthropod enemies of mollusks with description of a new dipterous parasite from Brazil. Jour. Parsit., 11:201-12. 1926. A dipterous parasite of a snail from Brazil, with an account of the arthropod enemies of mollusks. In: Medical report of the Hamilton Rice seventh expedition to the Amazon. Harvard Inst. for Trop. Biol. and Med., Contr., 4:292-303. 1950a. Enemies of Achatina. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 14(1) :5-6. 1950&. Studies in the Achatininae, a group of African land snails. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard, 105(1): 1-216. 210 BIBLIOGRAPHY BEQUAERT, J. C., AND CLENCH, W. J. 1934. Studies of African land and fresh-water mollusks. 3. West African Achatinae related to Achatina baleata Reeve. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 705:1-16. 1937. The supposed introduction of an African Archachatina into the West Indies. Nautilus, 51:33-34. BEREZINA, V. M. 1948. ("Development of bait method for the control of slugs"; in Russian.) Leningrad. Inst. Zashch. East. Shorn. Trud., 1:176-77. BERG, C. O. 1953. Sciomyzid larvae (Diptera) that feed on snails. Jour. Parasit., 39:630- 36. BERG, C. O., KARLIN, E. J., AND MACKIEWICZ, J. C. 1955. Fly larvae that kill snails. Amer. Malacol. Union, Ann. Rept., 1955: 9-10. BERTRAND, H. W. R. 1928. Control of the Kalutara snail. Trop. Agriculturist, Ceylon, 71(3) : 151- 52. 1941. Prevention of damage to young rubber by snails and slugs. Ibid., 97(6): 327. BESS, H. A. 1956. Ecological notes on Lamprophorus tenebrosus (Walker) (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), an enemy of the giant African snail. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 16(1): 24-29. BESS, H. A., AND ALICATA, J. E. 1953. Japanese lampyrids introduced. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 15(1) :12. BHATIA, M. L., AND KEILIN, D. 1937. On a new case of parasitism of snail (Vertigo genesii Gredl.) by a dipterous larva. Parasitology, 29(3): 399-408. BlEDERMANN, W., AND MoKITZ, P. 1899. Beitrage zur vergleichenden Physiologic der Verdauung. III. Ueber die Function der sogenannten "Leber" der Mollusken. Pflligers Archiv. f. d. gesamte Physiol. d. Menschen u. d. Tiere, 75 :l-86. BINGLEY, W. 1829. Animal biography, or, popular zoology; illustrated by authentic anec- dotes of the economy, habits of life, instincts and sagacity, of the animal creation (7th ed.). London, Longmans, Green & Co., 4:333. BIKKINSHAW, F. 1928. The giant snail (Achatina fulica Fer.). Malayan Agric. Jour., 16(4): 154. BLAISDELL, K. M. 1950. Arion circumscriptus, a new intermediate host of the cat hmgworm, Aelurostrongylus abstrasus. Cornell Vet., 40(2): 197-200. BLATJVELT, W. E. 1952. Pest control 1951—Outlook for 1952. N.Y. State Flower Growers' Bull., 77:9-11. BLOWERS, J. W. 1954. A new method of controlling slugs and snails. Orchid Review (London), 62 (730): 56. BODENHEIMER, F. S., AND ScHIFFER, M. 1952. Mathematical studies in animal populations. I. A mathematical study of insect parasitism. Acta Biotheoretica, 10(1/2): 23-56. BIBLIOGRAPHY 211

BOETTGER, C. R. 1937. Eine Landschnecke des tropischen Afrikas in Berlin. Sitzungsber. Gesell. Natur. Freunde Berlin, 1937(10/12):314-20. 1938. Schnecken in Sendungen von Kamerunbananen. Ibid., 1938(1/3): 83- 84. 1947. Einschleppung von Schnecken mil Bananensendungen nach Deutsch- laiid. Arch, f. Mollusk., 76(1/3): 65-67. 1951. Eine afrikanische Schnecke als ein sich ausbreitender Schadling in Pflanzungen warmer Lander. Abhandl. Braunschweigischen Wissen- schaft. Gesell., 3:10-18. BOISSEAU, G., AND LANORVILLE, G. 1911. L'escargot; elevage et parcage lucratifs; preparation culinaire et vente (2d ed.; 1931). Paris, Librairie Hachette et Cie. 92 pp. BOOT'S PUKE DRUG Co., LTD., POWELL, A. D., TAIT, J. C. E., AND LORD WOLMER. 1939. British Patent 508,125, June 27, 1939. Bosc, L. A. G. 1803. Agatine, Achatina. In: C. Deterville, Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle Appliquee aux Arts ... par une Societe de Naturalistes et d'Agriculteurs. Paris. 1:134. Bo WELL, E. W. 1917. Larva of a dipterous fly feeding on Helicella itala. Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, 12:308. BOYCOTT, A. E. 1920. On the size variation of Clausilia bidentata and Ena obscura within a "locality." Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, 14:34-42. 1921. Further observations on the occurrence of manganese in land and freshwater mollusca. Naturalist (London), 771:135-38, 209-11. BOYCOTT, A. E., AND OLDHAM, C. 1938. A contagious disease of Helix aspersa. Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, 23(2): 92-96. BRAND, T. F. VON 1931. Der Jahreszyklus irn Stoffbestand der Weinbergschnecke (Helix pomatia). Zeit. Vergl. Physiol., 14:200-264. 1932. Die chemische Zusammensetzung von Helix pomatia wahrend ver- schiedener Jahreszeiten. Archivio Zool. Italiano Torino, 16:871-78. BRERO, J. VAN 1933. Slakkenplaag. De Orchidee (Bandoeng), 2(7): 154-57. BROWN, A. C. 1951. Plant inspection and quarantine and their relationship to the horticul- tural interests of Florida. Citrus Indus., 32(3):5-9, 18. BRUBAKER, S. 1950. Giant African snails. Foreign Agric., 14(2):39-40. BRUES, C. T. 1907. Some new exotic phoridae. Ann. Historico-Naturales Musei Naturalis Hungarici, Budapest, 5:400-413. 1942. A species of Phoridae bred in Hawaii from the immigrant African land snail (Achatina fulica). Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 11(2): 154-56. BRYAN, E. H., JK. 1949. Economic insects of Micronesia. Report of the insect control committee for Micronesia 1947-48. Washington. D.C., Nat. Res. Council. 29 pp. BUCKHTJRST, A. S. 1947. Slug control with D.D.T. Fruit Grower (London), 103:146, 149. 212 BIBLIOGRAPHY BUKCH, J. B. 1960. Some snails and slugs of quarantine significance in the United States. USDA, Agric. Res. Serv., PI. Quar. Div., ARS 82-1. 73 pp. BURCH, J. Q. 1951. Ship fumigated. Conch. Club So. Calif., Minutes, 107:5. 1952a. Fighting the African snails. Ibid., 120:3. 19526. Snail bills in Congress. Ibid., 117:4. BUKTON, M. 1946. Slugs and snails, and other tales. Illus. London News, 209:564, Nov. 16, 1946. 1949. Giant land snails (of the family Achatinidae). Ibid., 214:120, Jan. 22, 1949. BUTOT, L. J. M. 1952a. Ons eerste gezamelijk onderzoek. (Also in Indonesian. With English summary.) Tropische Natuur, 32(2/8): 56-58. 19526. Mieren als slakkenverzamelaars. (With English summary.) Ibid., p. 78. CADART, J. 1955. Les escargots (Helix pomatia L. et Helix aspersa M.), biologic, elevage, parcage, histoire, gastronomic, commerce. Savoir en Histoire Naturalle, Vol. 24. Paris, Paul Lechevalier. 420 pp. CALKINS, W. W. 1877. Tenacity of life shown by some marine mollusks. Amer. Nat. 11:687. CALLAN, E. McC. 1941. The control of slugs by meta bait in Trinidad, B.W.I. Trop. Agric. (Trinidad), 18:211-13. CAMERON, A. E. 1939. The control of potato slugs. Jour. Ministry Agric. Great Britain, 46(5) : 454-62. 1951. White fly spraying trials to reduce insect plague in Mildura district: Control of snails. Citrus News (Australia), 27(9): 138. CAMPBELL, W. S. 1897. How the common garden snail (Helix aspersa) is spread about. Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, 8(2): 115. CANSDALE, G. S. 1940. Giant forest snails of the Gold Coast. The Field (London), 175(4554) : 546. CARMICHAEL, E. B. 1928. Action of ultraviolet rays on Limax flavus Linn. Amer. Jour. PhysioL, 85:358. 1931. The action of ultra-violet radiation on Limax flavus Linnaeus. I. The varying effects on non-pigmented and pigmented eggs. PhysioL Zool., 4:575-80. CAZIOT, E. 1926. Dispersion geographique de PHelix pomatia. Bull. Soc. Etude Sci. Nat. Musee d'Histoire Nat. Elbeuf, 44 .-132-34. 1928. Mode de dispersion des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles. Riviera Scientifique (Nice), 15(3):45-51. CHAMBERLIN, J. L. 1952a. Final report on an ecology and population study of the giant African snail on Tinian, Marianas Islands. Invert. Consultants Comm. for Micronesia, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. 27 pp. (Mimeographed.) 19526. Wind orientation in Achatina. Amer. Malacol. Union, Ann. Kept., 1952:12-14. BIBLIOGRAPHY 213 CHARMOY, D. d'E., AND GEBERT, S. 1921. Insect pests of various minor crops and fruit trees in Mauritius. Bull. Ent. Res., London, 12(2): 181-90. (Reprinted: 1922. Mauritius, Dept. Agric. Scientific Series, Bull. No. 8, p. 14.) CHIPMAN, R. N., AND SEIBERT, F. J. 1939. Canada patent 381,540, May 23, 1939. CHITWOOD, B. G., AND CHITWOOD, M. B. 1934. Daubaylia potomaca n. sp., a nematode parasite of snails, with a note on other nemas associated with molluscs. Helminthol. Soc. Wash., Proc., 1(1):8, 9. CHOCK, Q. C., AND NAKAO, H. S. 1951. Experiments conducted with the giant African snail, Achatina fulica (Fer.) to determine the lethal minimum exposure at low temperatures. Hawaii, Board of Commissioners of Agric. and Forestry, Div. Entom. and Marketing. 4 pp. (Dittoed.) CHONG, M. 1954. Tefflus hacquardi de Chaudoir. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 15(2): 270. CLAPP, G. H. 1902. "Slugs" as medicine. Nautilus, 16:84. CLARK, A. H. 1949. The invasion of New Zealand by people, plants and animals: The South Island. New Jersey, Rutgers Univ. Press, 465 pp. CLARK, F. W., AND WHEELER, W. C. 1917. The inorganic constituents of marine invertebrates. U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Papers, 102:1-56. 1922. Ibid., 124:1-62. CLARKE, W. J. 1924. Dispersal of molluscs by commerce. Naturalist (London), 1924:363. CLAUSEN, C. P. 1940. Entomophagous insects. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 688 pp. CLAYTON, H. H. 1927. World weather records. Smithsonian Misc. Coll., 79:vii+1199. CLENCH, W. J. 1925. Snails eaten by shrews. Nautilus, 39:28. 1949. Some kodachromes of live Achatina fulica. Amer. Malacol. Union, News Bull. & Ann. Rept., 1949:3. COGHILL, H. E. 1909. Mice devouring snails. Irish Nat. (Dublin), 18:27. COLLINGE, W. E. 1921. The starling: Is it injurious to agriculture? Jour. Ministry Agric. Great Britain, 27(12): 1114-21. COMBER, E. 1906. A list of the marine Mollusca in the Bombay Natural History Society's collection. Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 17(1): 207-18. CONNOLLY, M. 1912. A revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with de- scriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Ann. South African Mus., 11(3): 193. 1931. The distribution of the non-marine Mollusca throughout continental Africa. Jour. Conch., 19(4):98-107. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Ann. South African Mus., 33:1-660. 214 BIBLIOGRAPHY COOK, A. S. 1946. Enemies of snails. Jour. Conch., 22(8) : 186. COOK, O. F. 1897. A new wingless fly from Liberia. Science, N.S., 6:886. COOLEY, C. E. 1950. Plant quarantine activities in the Pacific, with particular reference to the oriental fruit fly. Calif. Dept. Agric., Bull., 39(1): 10-16. COOLEY, H. D., AND HUTCHINSON, K. T. 1950. Prohibit entry of giant African snails. House of Representatives Report No. 2363, 81st Cong., 2d sess. COOLEY, H. D., AND McCoRMicx, C. J. 1951. Prohibiting entry of mollusks. House of Representatives Report No. 800, 82d Cong., 1st sess. COOLIDGE, H. J. 1947. First annual report Pacific Science Board. Washington, D.C., Nat. Res. Council. 50 pp. 1948. Second annual report. Ibid., 73 pp. 1949. Third annual report. Ibid., 154 pp. 1950. Fourth annual report. Ibid., 114 pp. 1951. Fifth annual report. Ibid., 96 pp. 1952. Sixth annual report. Ibid., 87 pp. 1953. Seventh annual report. Ibid., 93 pp. 1954. Eighth annual report. Ibid., 61 pp. 1955. Ninth annual report. Ibid., 57 pp. COOMANS DE RuiTER, L. 1960. De agaatslak in Nieuw-Guinea. Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea, 8(1): 18-21. CORBETT, G. H. 1929. Achatina fulica. Malayan Agric. Jour., 17(8) :275. 1933. The giant snail (Achatina fulica Fer.) in Malaya. Ibid., 21(2): 77-79. 1937. Achatina fulica Fer. Malaya Dept. Agric. Gen. Series, No. 26, p. 40. 1939. The giant snail (Achatina fulica Fer.). Malayan Agric. Jour., 26(9): 376-79. CORBETT, G. H., AND PAGDEN, H. T. 1941. A review of some recent entomological investigations and observations. Malayan Agric. Jour. 39(9):347-75. COTTON, B. C. 1940. The Kalutara snail, Achatina fulica Ferussac, attacks rubber trees in Ceylon. South Australian Naturalist, 20(4) :iii. 1949. These snails may invade your garden. Jour. Dept. Agric. South Aus- tralia, 52:561-65. COUKTOIS, A., AND DlJVAL, M. 1927. Sur la mort des escargots immerges dans Peau. C. R. Soc. Biol., Paris, 97:1695-97. CRAGG, J. B., AND VINCENT, M. H. 1952. The action of metaldehyde on the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (Miiller). Ann. Appl. Biol., 39(3):392-406. CRAWSHAY, L. R. 1903. On the life-history of Drilus flavescens Rossi. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lon- don, 1903:39-51. CREIGHTON, C. 1899. Microscopic researches on the formative property of glycogen. London, A. & C. Black. 2 parts, 152 pp., 127 pp. BIBLIOGRAPHY 215 CROS, A. 1926. Moeurs et evolution du Drilus mauritanicus Lucas. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique du Nord, 17(7): 181-206. 1930. Malacogaster passerinii Bassi: Mceurs, evolution. Ibid., 21:133-60. CKOSSE, H. 1894. Faune malacologique terrestre et fluviatile de la Nouvelle-Caledonie et de ses dependances. Jour, de Conchy!., 42:161-473. CRUZ, G. B. 1932. Studies on the methods of feeding ducks. Philippine Agric., 20(8) :535- 48. DALGLIESH, G. 1907. Carnivorous propensities of a slug. Zoologist (London, 4th Ser. 11 (127): 277. DAMMERMAN, K. W. 1929. The agricultural zoology of the Malay Archipelago. Amsterdam, J. H. de Bussy, Ltd. 437 pp. DABTEVELLE, E. 1952a. Achatina fulica hamillei Petit du Congo beige. Basteria, 16(4) :56. 19526. Helix (Cryptomphalus) aspersaO.F.Miiller—Conditions de vie etranges. Ibid., 16(1/2) :4-5. 1953. Les "N'zimbu," monnaie du Royaume du Congo. Bull, et Mem. Soc. Roy. Beige Anthrop. et Prehist., Memoires, N.S., 64(1) :xv+251. 1954. [Report on giant African snail prepared at request of Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry. Trans, by Philip Weber.] 14 pp. (Mimeo- graphed.) DAVIS, C. J. 1954. Report on the Davis expedition to Agiguan, July-August, 1954. Eco- logical studies, island of Agiguan, Marianas Islands as related to the African snail, Achatina fulica Bowdich, and its introduced predator, Gonaxis kibweziensis (E. A. Smith). Invert. Consultants Comm. for the Pacific, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. 24 pp. (Mimeographed). 1958a. Achatina fulica Bowdich. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 16(3) :340. 1958&. Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii, III. Ibid., pp. 356-58. 1959. Ibid., IV. 17(1): 62-66. DEAN, R. E. 1948. Annual report of the superintendent of gardens for the year 1947/48. Appendix N. Hong Kong. 5 pp. 1950. Annual report by the superintendent of gardens for the period ended the 31st March 1950. Hong Kong, 10 pp. DESMAREST, A. G. 1824. Memoire sur une espece d'insectes des environs de Paris, dont le male et la femelle ont servi de types a deux genres differens. Ann. Sci. Nat., 2:257-70. (Also in Bull. Soc. Philomath., Paris., 1824:57-62.) DESMAKEST, E. 1889. [Larvae of Drilus flavescens in Helix nemoralis.] Ann. Soc. Ent. France 9(6):cxv. DETHIER, V. G. 1947. Chemical insect attractants and repellents. Philadelphia, Blakiston Div., McGraw-Hill Book Co. 289 pp. DEUBEL, F. 1913. Die Entwicklung des Drilus concolor Ahr. Verfi. Mitt. Siebenburg. Ver. Naturw., 43:1-8. 216 BIBLIOGRAPHY DEXHEIMER, L. 1951. Beitrage zum Kalkstoffwechsel der Weinbergschnecke (Helix pomatia). Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Allg. Zool. u. Physiol. Tiere, 63(1): 129-52. DIAS, S. J. F., AND THAMOTHERAM, T. V. 1939. The control of the giant snail (Achatina fulica Fer.) at the Tabbowa vegetable seed station by the use of "meta-bran" bait traps. Trop. Agriculturist, Ceylon, 92 (4): 222-23. DICKINSON, W. H, 1946. Giant West African land snails in captivity. The Aquarium, 15(8) : 151- 52. DJAENOEDIN, R. 1942. Pertjobaan dengan sipoet Achatina sebagai Makanan untuk binatang. Balai Pemeriksaan Hewan di Bogor. (Unpub. report.) DORING, A. 1872. Bemerkungen liber die Bedeutung und TJntersuchungen iiber die chemische Zusammensetzung der Pulmonatenschale. (Inaugural Dis- sertation, Gottingen.) 41 pp. DOLLFUS, G. 1899. In: H. Douville, Sur une coupe de Madagascar, Bull. Soc. Geol. France, 27 (2): 395. DOSCAS, A. E. C. 1929. Giant snail (Achatina fulica). Malayan Agric. Jour., 17(8):287. DOUCETTE, C. F. 1954. An introduced slug, Arion ater (L.), and its control with metaldehyde. Jour. Econ. Ent., 47(2): 370. DOUENCE, A. 1929. Les appats empoisonnes: Leur utilisation dans la lutte centre les en- nemies des cultures. Annales des Epiphyties, 15(1/2): 1-96. DRZ, A. 1913. Bacteries symbiotes chez le Cyclostome. Rev. Sci. Paris, 1913:436. DUFO, H. 1840. Observations sur les mollusques marins, terrestres et fluviatiles des lies Sechelles et des Amirantes. Ann. Sci. Nat., 2d ser. Zool., 14:45-80, 116-221. DUPONT, M. 1878. In: A. Morelet, Addition a la faune paleontologique de Tile Maurice. Jour, de Conchyl., 26:171. DUPONT, R. 1935. La faune des Sechelles. 1. Liste des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles. Soc. Roy. des Arts et des Sci. de Maurice, Trans., Ser. C, 1933/34(3): 138. DTJKHAM, H. E. 1920. Of slugs. Gardeners' Chronicle, 68:46, 85-86, 110. DUSTAN, A. G. 1927. Notes on some barriers used against garden slugs in 1926. Quebec Soc. Protect. Plants, Ann. Kept., 19:22-23. DUVAL, M. 1930. Concentration moleculaire du sang de Tescargot; ses facteurs, ses variations; influence de Tetat d'activite de Tanimal. Ann. de Physiol. et de Physicochimie Biol, 6(3): 346-64. DWIGHT, J. L, 1955. Division of Entomology and Marketing. Hawaii Board of Commission- ers of Agric. and Forestry, Biennial Kept., 1953/54:27. BIBLIOGRAPHY 217 EDELSTAM, C., AND PALMER, C. 1950. Homing behavior in gastropods. Oikos, 2(2): 259-70. ELLENDER, A. J., AND BRANNAN, C. F. 1951. Preventing the entry of certain mollusks into the United States. Senate Report No. 628, 82d Cong., 1st sess. ELLIOTT, W. T. 1918. Note on the malacophagous propensities of Helix nemoralis Linn. Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, 13:20. ELTON, C. S. 1958. The ecology of invasions by animals and plants. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 181 pp. ERHARD, H., AND ZIEGLWALLNER, F. 1912. Ueber das Auftreten von Glykogen nach Fattening mit einigen Mono- sacchariden, einem Disaccharid und Fett, nach morphologischen Beo- bachtungen an der Weinbergsehnecke. Zeitsch. Biol., 58 :554-57. ESAKI, T. 1941. ("Giant snail of Ponape Island, in relation with lantana"; in Japanese.) Sangyo no Nanyo ("The Industrial South Seas"), 4(4). ESAKI, T., AND TAKAHASHI, K. 1942. Introduction of the African snail, Achatina fulica Femssac into Japan, esp. Micronesia, and subsequent developments. Trans, from Japanese by Toyohi Okada. Kagaku Nanyo ("Science of the South Seas," Jour. Palau Trop. Biol. Sta.), 4(3): 16-25. ESSLEMONT, J. M. 1938. Observations on the control of potato slugs. Scottish Jour. Agric., 21 (2): 147-52. EWART, A. J. 1910. Slugs and snails. Jour. Dept. Agric., Victoria (Australia), 8(12):807-8. EYERDAM, W. J. 1952a. Solomon Island megapodes recommended as destroyers of African snail pests. Amer. Malacol. Union, Ann. Kept., 1952:29-30. 19526. Ibid., Conch. Club So. Calif., Minutes, 121:4-5.

FAIRWEATHER, J. 1937. Pests and diseases. Malaya Dept. Agric. Gen. Series, No. 27, p. 143. FANTHAM, H. B. 1921. Some parasitic protozoa found in South Africa. IV. So. Africa. Jour. Sci. (Johannesburg), 18:169. 1923. Ibid., VI. 20:495. 1924. Ibid., VII. 21:442-44. 1925. Ibid., VHI. 22:346-49. FANTHAM, H. B., AND ROBEKTSON, K. G. 1927. Ibid., X. 24:441-49. FEIJ, IR. P. J. 1940. Enkele waarnemingen betreffende de agaatslak. De Bergcultures, 4(35):1112-14. FENNEB, F., AND DAY, M. F. 1953. Biological control of the rabbit in Australia. Science News (Penguin Books), 28:7-22. FERGUSON, F. J. 1948. Beetles not bullets. Sunday Mirror Magazine, Sept. 5, 1948, p. 17. 218 BIBLIOGRAPHY FERNANDO, H. E. 1952. The Kalutara snail or the African snail and its control. (Also in Singha- lese.) Ceylon Dept. Agric. Propaganda Handbill. 4 pp. FERNANDO, W. 1946. Studies on the pulmonates of Ceylon. I. The storage of galactogen and glycogen in the gonad and albumen gland of Achatina fulica Femssac. Ceylon Jour. Sci. B. Zool. 23(2):97-104. FERUSSAC, A. E. 1821. Tableaux systematiques des animaux mollusques classes en families naturelles, ... les mollusques terrestres ou fluviatiles, vivants ou fossiles Paris, Arthus Bertrand, 110 pp. FlGUEIREDO, E. R. DE, JR., AND LEPAGE, H. S. 1953. Caraeois daninhos as orquideas. Biologico, 19(2): 31-33. FINCHER, F. 1947. Lampyris noctiluca L. (Col. Lampyridae) attacking slug. Ent. Monthly Mag., 83 :149. FISCHER, P.-H. 1939. Escargots europeens acclimates en Australie. Jour, de Conchyl., 83(3) : 245-53. 1941. Teneur en eau des tissus chez quelques Gasteropodes aquatiques. Bull. Mus. National d'Hist. Nat., Paris, 2e ser., 13(2): 112-18. FITZGERALD, L. D. E. F. V. 1947. Giant snail. Rubber Res. Inst., Malaya, Ann. Rept., 1940:111. FLOWER, S. S. 1922. Longevity of molluscs. Cairo Scientific Jour., 10(104/105): 115-17. FONSECA, J. P. DA, AND AlJTUORI, M. 1932. Principaes pragas do cafe no estado de Sao Paulo. Inst. Biol. Defesa Agric. e Animal, Div. Vegetal, Sao Paulo, 87 pp. FORD, J. 1887. Some remarks on the migration of mollusks. Conchologist's Exchange, 2 (5): 71-72. FOSBERG, F. R. 1957. Conservation situation in Oceania. Ninth Pac. Sci. Cong., Thailand. Report of the Standing Comm. on Pac. Conservation. (Processed.) FOSTER, T. D. 1937. Productivity of a land snail, Polygyra thyroides (Say). Ecol., 18:545- 46. FRANSSEN, C. J. H. 1936. Nieuwe perspectieven bij de bestrijding van de agaatslak. (Unpub. report.) FREEMAN, O. W. 1951. Geography of the Pacific. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 573 pp. FBENCH, C. 1906. Slugs. Jour. Dept. Agric., Victoria (Australia), 4(7): 445-47. FRIGILLANA, G. R. 1923. A study of the effects of snails as a supplement to a ration for laying hens. Philippine Agriculturist, 12 (6): 239-45. FROMMING, E. 1929. Wie lange kann Agriolimax agrestis im Wasser leben. Arch. Mollusk., 61 (4/5): 196-200. 1949. Untersuchugen iiber aufgenommene Nahrungsmengen und DDT-wirkung bei zwei Nacktschneckenarten. Zeitsch. f. Hygienische Zool. u. Schadlings., 37:320-25. BIBLIOGRAPHY 219 1950. Untersuchungen liber die Wirksamkeit des DDT-praparates Duolit auf Landlungenschnecken. Anz. f. Schadlingskunde, 23:57-60. 1951. Allgemeine Betrachtungen liber die Priifung molluscizider Mittel. Ibid., 24:26-28. 1952a. Neuere Erkenntnisse liber unsere Nacktschnecken als Schadlinge. Angewandte Botanik, 26(2): 94-99. „ 19526. Unsere Wegschnecke (Arion) als Ubertrager von Krankheiten fiir Mensch und Pflanze. Zeitsch. f. Hygienische Zool. u. Schadlings., 40(11/12): 376-79. 1954a. Der Alterstod bein einer Wegschnecke. (Arion empiricorum Fer.). Naturwissensch. Rundschau, 1954 (8): 340-41. 1954&. Biologic der mitteleuropaisehen Landgastropoden. Berlin-Mlinchen, Duncker & Humblot, 404 pp. 1955. Die Rolle unserer Schnecken bei der Ausbreitung von infektiosen Pflanzenkrankheiten. I. Faule-krankheiten bei Erntegut. Zeitsch. f. Angewandte Zool., 1955 (4): 433-39. FROMMING, E., AND PLATE, H.-P. 1952. Sind die Metaldehyd-koder zuverlassige Schneckenbekampfungsmittel? Zeitsch. f. Hygienische Zool. u. Schadlings., 44:130-31. FROMMING, E., AND BJEMSCHNEIDER, R. 1952. Uber die Wirkung von Insektiziden auf Gastropoden. Mitt. II. Anz. f. Schadlingskunde, 25:186-89. FRONDA, F. M. 1919. A study of the effects of animal and plant proteins in rations for laying hens. Philippine Agriculturist, 7(8): 235-52. FULLAWAY, D. T. 1939. Report of the territorial entomologist and chief plant inspector. Hawaii Board of Commissioners of Agric. and Forestry, Biennial Kept., 1937/ 38:24. 1941. Ibid., 1939/40:21. 1943. Ibid., 1941/42:29-30. 1945. Ibid., 1943/44:9. 1947. Ibid., 1945/46:38, 40, 46. 1949. Ibid., 1947/48:69-70. 1952. Biological control of insect pests in the Hawaiian Islands since 1925. Hawaii Board of Commissioners of Agric. and Forestry, Kept., 1952: 98-105.

GAIN, W. A. 1896. Enemies of our land and fresh-water molluscs. Naturalist's Jour., 1896: 78-79. GALLI-VALERIO, B. 1918. Parasitologische Untersuchungen und Beitrage zur parasitologischen Technik. Zentralblatt f. Bakteriol., Parasit. u. Infektionskr., Originate, 80:264-71. GAMMON, E. T. 1943. Helicid snails in California. Calif. Dept. Agric., Bull, 32(3): 173-87. GARDINER, J. G. 1949. Report of the Minister of Agriculture for the Dominion of Canada for the year ended March 31, 1949. Can. Mm. Agric., Rept., 1948/49:105. GARNADI, P. 1951. Die grosze Aehatschnecke (Achatina fulica Fer.). Hemera Zoa, 58:279- 301. 220 BIBLIOGRAPHY GASKOIN, J. S. 1850. On the habits of Helix lactea. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 18:243-44. GEBHARDT-DUNKEL, E. 1953. Die Trockenresistenz bei Gehauseschnecken. Zool. Jahrb., Abt. f. Allg. Zool. u. Physiol. der Tiere, 64(2): 235-66. GERMAIN, L. 1921. Faune malacologique terrestre et fluviatile des lies Mascareignes. Mis- sion Zoologique de M. Paul Carie aux lies Mascareignes. Angers, Gaul- tier et Thebert. GHOSE, K. C. 1959. Observations on the mating and oviposition of two land pulmonates, Achatina fulica Bowdich and Macrochlamys indica Godwin-Austen. Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 56(2): 183-87. 1960. A monograph on the giant land snail Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica fulica Bowdich. (Unpub. thesis, City College, Calcutta). GIMINGHAM, C. T. 1940. Some recent contributions by English workers to the development of methods of insect control: Slugs. Ann. Appl. Biol., 27(2): 167-68. GIMINGHAM, C. T., AND NEWTON, H. C. F. 1937. A poison bait for slugs. Jour. Ministry Agric. Great Britain, 44(3): 242- 46. GLENDENNING, R. 1947. Slug control in British Columbia. Canada, Sci. Serv., Dept. Agric., Div. Ent., Publ. No. 70, 4 pp. (Processed.) GODWIN-AUSTEN, H. H. 1908. The dispersal of land shells by the agency of man. Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, 8(3): 146-47. GOOT, P. VAN DER 1939. Rapport over de bestrijding van de agaatslak in de gemeente Buitenzorg van 1 Juli t/m 31 December 1939. [Unpub. report.] GOKTON, G. R. 1919. A dangerous snail introduced in California. Calif. State Comm. of Hort., Monthly Bull., 8(1): 7-9. GOSECO, A. 1921. A study of the effects of animal and plant protein feeds on the egg production of ducks. Philippine Agriculturist, 9(8/9): 197-207. GOUREAU, C. 1843. Note sur un Diptere, dont la larve vit dans PHelix conspurcata (Melano- phora helicivora Goureau). Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 2e ser., 1:77-80. GRAVATT, G. F., AND MARSHALL, R. P. 1917. Arthropods and gastropods as carriers of Cronartium ribicola in greenhouses. Phytopathology, 7(5):368-73. GREEN, E. E. 1909. Entomological notes. Trop. Agriculturist, 33:136, 431. 1910a. African snail (Achatina fulica). Ibid., 35(4) :311. 19106. Introduction of an African snail. Ibid., 35(2): 120-21. 1910c. Report on the outbreak of Achatina fulica. Circulars & Agric. Jour. Royal Bot. Gardens, Ceylon, 5(7):55-64. IdlQd. Sudden appearance of an African snail in Ceylon. Spolia Zeylanica, 7(25):56. 191 la. Remedy for slugs and snails. Trop. Agriculturist, 36:131-32. 19116. The wanderings of a gigantic African snail. Zoologist (London), 4th ser., 15(170): 41-45. BIBLIOGRAPHY 221 GRESSITT, J. L. 1952. Description of Kayangel Atoll, Palau Islands. Atoll Res. Bull., 14:1-6. 1954. Insects of Micronesia, Vol. 1. Hawaii, B. P. Bishop Museum, 257 pp. GUDE, G. K. 1914. The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. II. Trochomorphidae—Janellidae. London, Taylor and Francis. 504 pp.

HAGEN, B. 1952. Die bestimmenden TJmweltsbedingungen flir die Weichtierwelt eines sliddeutschen Fluszufer-Kiefernwaldes: Mollusca terrestria in Pine- toericae. Veroffentl. Zool. Staatssammlung (Munich), 2(2/3): 161-276. HALL, A. H. 1932. Eradication of slugs and snails. Nature, 130(3274): 170. HAMADA, N. 1935. ("The edible snail which is all the rage in Japan is offensive in the South Seas"; in Japanese.) Taiwan Nichi-nichi Shinpo ("Taiwan Daily News"), Nov. 5, 1935. HAMILTON, W. J., JR. 1930. The food of the Soricidae. Jour. Mammal., 11(1): 26-39. HANNA, G. D. 1939. Exotic mollusca in California. Calif. Dept. Agric., Bull., 28(5): 298-321. 1948. Indiscriminate scattering of exotic mollusks. Nautilus, 62(1): 29-30. HANSON, A. J. 1930. The slug as the intermediate host of the microscopic tapeworm of chickens. Western Wash. Exp. Sta. Bull., 18-W:11. HARDY, D. E. 1952. Notes on Phoridae. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 14(3): 355-56. HARRISON, T. H. 1951. The giant snail. Health, N.S., 1(3): 16-18. HARTLEY, A. 1898. Helix nemoralis and H. virgata without food for fourteen months. Jour. Conch., 9(4): 105. HASS, C. P. J. DE 1937. Over een eieren leggend wijf je van Lamprophorus dorsalis. Tropische Natuur, 26(1/2): 13-16. HATAI, S., AND KATO, G. 1943. Observation upon growth of shells and ecology of Achatina fulica Ferussac in Palau. Trans, from Japanese by Toyohi Okada. Kagaku Nanyo ("Science of the South Seas/5 Jour. Palau Trop. Biol. Sta.), 5(2): 1-19. HAVILAND, M. D., AND PITT, F. 1919. The selection of Helix nemoralis by song thrush (Turdus musicus). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 9th ser., 3:525-31. HEATHER, W. A. 1955. The kamarere forests of New Britain. Empire Forest Rev., 34(3): 255-78. HEGNER, R., AND CHTJ, H. J. 1930. A survey of protozoa parasitic in plants and animals of the Philippine Islands. Philippine Jour. Sci., 43(3):451-82. HEIM, R. 1956. House that Jack built. Internal. Union for the Protection of Nature, Bull, 5(2/3):3. 222 BIBLIOGRAPHY HELFER, H. 1949. This business of snails. Nations Business, 37(8) :71. HELY, P. C. 1946. Control of snails on citrus trees. Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, 57(5): 239-40. HENDERSON, J. 1936. How some snails survive grass fires. Nautilus, 50(2): 71-72. HERKLOTS, G. A. C. 1948. Giant African snail Achatina fulica Fer. Food & Flowers, 1(1): 1-4. HEKRSTROM, G. 1953. Akersniglar skadar hostvete: nordvastra Skane. Statens Vaxtskyd- dsanstalt Vaxtskyddsnotiser (Sweden), 4:52-53. HES, J. W. 1949. Agaatslakken in suikerriet. (With English summary.) Chronica Natu- rae, 105 (9): 226-27. 1950. The African giant snail and sugar cane. Sugar Jour., 12(8): 18. 1951. Some remarks on the "hibernating" of Achatina fulica Fer. (Unpub. MS.) HEUBE, see HEUBEL HEUBEL, G. AD. 1937. Enkele gegevens over de agaatslak (Achatina fulica Fer.) in de Lam- pongsche Districten. De Bergcultures, 11(47): 1667-70. 1938. (As "Heube.") Ibid., II. 12(14):400-401. HILL, A. F. 1952. Economic botany (2d ed.) New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 592 pp. HILL, H. R. 1951. Exotic mollusca in California. Conch. Club So. Calif., Minutes, 109:1-4. HOAR, W. S., AND BARBERIE, M. 1945. Distribution of riboflavin in fresh and processed fish. Canadian Jour. Res., Sect. E., Med. Sci., 23(1):8-18. HODSON, W. E. H. 1924. Preliminary experiments in the control of slugs. Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. London, 49(2): 191-96. 1925. Some further notes on the control of slugs. Ibid., 50:257-59. HOFFMAN, W. H. 1936. Ratten und Schnecken. Archiv f. Schiffs u. Tropenhygiene, 40:397. HOLMES, C. H. 1954. Seed germination and seedling studies of timber trees of Ceylon. Cey- lon Forester, N.S., 1(3): 3-51. HOLTTUM, R. E., AND FlJRTADO, C. X. 1934. The effects of the introduction of exotic plants in the Malay peninsula. Proc. Fifth Pac. Sci. Cong., 1:797-99. HOOPER, D. 1910. Materia medica animalium Indica. Jour. & Proc. Asiatic Soc. of Bengal, 6:507-22. HORA, S. L. 1928. Hibernation and estivation in gastropod molluscs: On the habits of a slug from Dalhousie (Western Himalayas), with remarks on certain other species of gastropod molluscs. Records Indian Museum, Calcutta, 30:357-73. HORA, S. L., AND RAO, H. S. 1927. Hibernation and aestivation in gastropod molluscs. Records Indian Museum, Calcutta, 29 (2): 49-62. BIBLIOGRAPHY 223 HOWES, N. H., AND WELLS, G. P. 1934a. The water relations of snails and slugs. I. Weight rhythms in Helix pomatia L. Jour. Exp. Biol., 11:327-43. 1934&. The water relations in [sic] snails and slugs. II. Weight rhythms in Arion ater L. and Limax flavus L. Ibid., 11:344-51. HUDSON, J. P. 1937. Meta-bran for the destruction of snails. The Gardener's Chronicle, 3d ser., 102 (2659): 436. HUDSON, R. H. 1937. Danger to birds from the use of meta-bran. The Gardener's Chronicle, 102(2644): 153. HUTCHINSON, K. T. 1952. Mollusks. Notice of proposed regulations governing entry. Fed. Regis- ter, 17 (145): 6820-27, July 25, 1952. HUTSON, J. C. 1920. The African snail (Achatina fulica). Trop. Agriculturist, 55:217-25. HUTSON, J. C., AND AUSTIN, G. D. 1924. Notes on the habits and life history of the Indian glow-worm (an enemy of the African or Kalutara snail). Ceylon, Dept. Agric. Bull., 69:1-16. HYAMS, E. 1951. Snails and spengler. New Statesman and Nation, 41:127, Feb. 3, 1951.

ICCM—INSECT CONTROL COMMITTEE FOR MICRONESIA 1947. First report of the Insect Control Committee for Micronesia, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. Honolulu, Hawaii. Oct. 3, 1947. 6 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1948. Minutes, meeting of Insect Control Committee for Micronesia, held at the Experiment Station, H.S.P.A. April 16, 1948. 12 pp. (Typescript.) 1950. Insect Control Committee for Micronesia (A committee of the Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council), fourth annual meeting March 9-10, 1950, Honolulu, 4 pp. (Mimeographed.) ICCP—INVERTEBRATE CONSULTANTS COMMITTEE FOR THE PACIFIC 1952. Sixth annual meeting of Invertebrate Consultants Committee for the Pacific, Pac. Sci. Board—Nat. Res. Council, February 13 and 14, 1952, Honolulu. 17 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1953. Invertebrate Consultants Committee for the Pacific—Pac. Sci. Board; Minutes of seventh annual meeting, February 18, 1953, Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association Experiment Station, Honolulu, 21 pp. (Mimeo- graphed.) INGRAM, W. M. 1942a. Food habits of Haplotrema minimum Ancey and habits of associated mollusks on the Mills College Campus. Nautilus, 55(3): 98-102. 19426. Snail associates of Blarina brevicauda talpoides (Say). Jour. Mammal., 23 (3): 255-58. 1944. Snails hoarded by Blerina at Ithaca, New York. Nautilus, 57(4): 135-37. 1946. Mollusk food of the beetle Scaphinotus interruptus (Men.). Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci., 45(1):34-36. 1950. Feeding of the beetle Calosoma on snails. Nautilus, 63:142, 143. 1952. Thousands of living European snails sold as fish bait in state of Ohio. Ibid., 66(1): 26-29. INO, T. 1949. The effect of food on growth and coloration of the top shell (Turbo cor- nutus Solander). Jour. Marine Res., Sears Foundation for Marine Res. (Yale Univ.), 8(1): 1-5. 224 BIBLIOGRAPHY JACOBSON, E. 1936. Lamprophorus. Tropische Natuur, 25(6): 101. JANDA, V. 1951. Vyskyt manganu v tkanich nekterych 2ivocichu. ("Manganese in the tissues of certain animals"; with English summary.) Ceskoslovenska Spolecnost Zoologicka, Vestnik, Prague, 14:183-206. JARRETT, V. H. C. 1922. Notes on an acclimatisation experiment with Helix aspersa. Singapore Naturalist, 1(1): 74-75. 1923. The occurrence of the snail Achatina fulica in Malaya. Ibid., 1 (2): 73-76. 1931. The spread of the snail Achatina fulica to South China. Hong Kong Naturalist, 2(4): 262-64. 1932. Notes and comments. (Conchology. Achatina fulica.) Ibid., 3(1) :70. 1949. Achatina's odyssey. The Times (London), No. 51,482, p. 5. Sept. 9, 1949. JAKY, S. G. 1939. "Meta-fuel" for the control of slugs and snails. Scientific Hort., 7:180- 85. JARY, S. G., AND AUSTIN, M. D. 1937. "Meta fuel" and slug control. Jour. Southeastern Agric. Coll., Wye, Kent., 40:183-86. JASKI, C. J. 1953. Achatina fulica. Tropische Natuur, 33(3): 91-98. JEFFERSON, R. N. 1952. The control of slugs; varying degrees of success achieved with metaldehyde sprays and dusts. Florists' Review, 111(2869): 29-30, 123-27. JOHNSON, C. W. 1929. Diptera destroying snails. Psyche, 36(2): 106. JONES, A. L., JR. 1949. Giant African snail (Achatina fulica). A study, testing and development of its economic uses. Invert. Consultants Comm. for Micronesia, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. 2 pp. (Typescript.) JONES, D. B., and MURPHY, J. C. 1926. The vitamin content of oysters. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 23:519-20. JOTJBERT, C. J., and WALTEKS, S. S. 1951. The control of snails and slugs. Farming in So. Africa, 26(308): 379-80. JUTTING, see BENTHEM JUTTING

KABURAKI, T. 1940. Further notes on the effect of some exotic animals upon the fauna of Japan. Proc. Sixth Pac. Sci. Congr., 4:229-30. KAGIYA, D. 1936. ("Important points in the growth and feeding of edible snails"; in Japanese.) Nogyo Sekai ("Agricultural World"), Jan., 1936, pp. 165-68. KAIBO, K. 1935. ("The breeding of edible snails in France"; in Japanese.) Nogyo Sekai ("Agricultural World"), April, 1935, pp. 67-68. KALSHOVEN, L. G. E. 1950. Mollusca, weekdieren. In his: De plagen van de cultuurgewassen in Indonesie, 2 vols, 'S Gravenhage, Bandoeng, Van Hoeve, 1:46-59. KAMADA, T. 1933. The vapour pressure of the blood of the edible snail. Jour. Exp. Biol., 10(1): 75-78. BIBLIOGRAPHY 225 KANAMARTJ, T. 1938. ("The fate of edible snail, land earsnail"; in Japanese.) Venus, 8(1): 59-60. KARLIN, E. J., AND NAEGELE, J. A. 1958. Slugs and snails in New York greenhouses. N.Y. State Coll. of Agric., Cornell Univ. Ext. Bull. 1004, 15 pp. KEILIN, D. 1919. On the life-history and larval anatomy of Melinda cognata Meigan (Diptera Calliphorinae) parasitic in the snail Hellicella [sic] (Helio- manes) virgata Da Costa, with an account of the other diptera living upon molluscs. ParasitoL, 11:430-55. 1921. Supplementary account of the dipterous larvae feeding upon molluscs. Ibid., 13:180-83. KEUCHENIUS, P. E. 1914. Een slakkenplaag in de Hevea. Besoekische Proefstation, Mededeelin- gen No. 10, pp. 7-9. KEW, H.W. 1893. The dispersal of shells, an inquiry into the means of dispersal possessed by fresh-water and land mollusca . . . with a preface by A. R. Wallace. Internat. Sci. Ser., Vol. 75. London, K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd., 291 pp. KHALIL, M. B., and HELMY, I. S. 1945. The palm-leaf as a snail trap: A preliminary report. Jour. Roy. Egyptian Med. Assoc., 29(1/2): 1-6. KlECKEBUSCH, W. 1953. Beitrag zur Physiologic des chemischen Sinnes von Helix pomatia. ZooL Jahrb., Abt. f. Allg. ZooL u. Physiol. der Tiere, 64(2): 153-82. KlRKLAND, A. H. 1904. Usefulness of the American toad. USDA, Farmers' Bull. No. 196,16 pp. KLEINER, A. 1931. Die Conchylien-Aufnahme der Vogel. (In Hungarian; with German summary.) Aquila (Budapest), 36/37:105-16, 116-20. 1936. La consommation des mollusques par les oiseaux. Oiseaux et la Revue Frangaise d'Ornithologie (Paris), 6:233-51. KNIPLING, E. F. 1955. Possibilities of insect control or eradication through the use of sexually sterile males. Jour. Econ. Ent., 48(4): 459-62. KOBELT, W. 1871. Veranderungen in Conchylienfaunen. Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozool. Gesell., 1871:9-14. KOCHS, W. 1892. TJeber die Vorgange beim Einfrieren und Austrocknen von Tieren und Pflanzensamen. Biol. Centralblatt, 12:330-39. KOKLER, M. 1941. Distribuzione della vitamina BI (aneurina e cocarbossilasi) nei Metazoa. Boll. Soc. Ital. Biol. Sperimentale, 16(11): 718-19. KONDO, Y. 1949. Report on experiment island. Invert. Consultants Comm. for Micro- nesia, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. 5 pp. (Typescript.) 1950a. The giant African snail (Achatina fulica) in Palau, Pagan, and Guam. Ibid., 13 pp. (Mimeographed.) 19506. Laboratory report on carnivorous snails. Ibid., 3 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1950e. Report on the Achatina fulica investigation on Palau, Pagan and Guam. Ibid., 94 pp. (Typescript.) 226 BIBLIOGRAPHY KONDO, Y.—Continued 1951a. Laboratory report on Gonaxis kibweziensis (Sm.). Ibid., 5 pp. (Mimeo- graphed.) 1951&. Report to Invertebrate Consultants Committee for the Pacific on Gonaxis kibweziensis and Edentulina affinis. Ibid., 7 pp. (Mimeo- graphed.) 1952. Report on carnivorous snail experiment on Agiguan Island; primary and secondary Achatina-free areas on Rota; and gigantism among Achatina on Guam. Ibid., 50 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1956. Second Helix aspersa in Hawaii and data on carnivorous snails. Nau- tilus, 70(2): 71-72. KOZLOFF, E. N. 1946. The morphology and systematic position of a ciliate parasitizing ter- restrial pulmonate molluscs. (Unpub. thesis, Univ. Calif., Berkeley.) KRAUSS, N. L. H. 1947. Achatina fulica (Ferussac). Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 13(1) :9. 1951-52. Monthly report on investigations in East Africa and Madagascar of natural enemies of giant snail and rhinoceros beetle. July 1951-Janu- ary 1952 [title varies]. Hawaii Board of Commissioners of Agric. and Forestry. (Dittographed.) 1955. Tefflus zanzibaricus alluaudi Sternberg. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 16(1) :1. KRULL, W. H. 1933. A note on the toxic effect of copper for snails. Jour. Parasit., 20(2): 109. KUHN, M. 1911. Die Trypanoplasmen und deren Verbreitung in einheimischen und auslandischen Schnecken. Schriften d. Physikalisch-okonomischen Gesell. Konigsberg., 52(1): 63-89. KURODA, T. 1930. Land and fresh water mollusca from Benin Islands. Bull. Biogeog. Soc. Japan, 1(3): 195-204. 1938. Supplementary report on the fate of edible snail. Venus, 8(3/4). 1941. A catalogue of molluscan shells from Taiwan (Formosa), with descrip- tions of new species. Taihoku Imp. Univ., Mem. Fac. Sci. Agric., 22(4): 65-216.

LACK, D. 1954. The natural regulation of animal numbers. New York, Oxford Univ. Press, 351 pp. LAMY, E. 1928. Quelques mots sur Palbinisme et le melanisme chez les mollusques. Jour, de Conchyl., 72:127-48. LANE, F. W. 1950. Nature's record fasters. Nat. Hist., 59:429-31. LANG, H. 1919. In: H. A. Pilsbry, A review of the land mollusks of the Belgian Congo chiefly based on the collections of the American Museum Congo expedition, 1909-1915. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bull., 40:54-58. LANGE, W. H., JR. 1947. The giant African snail, Achatina fulica. In his: Observations on the life history of the Mariana coconut beetle (Brontispa mariana Spaeth) and the introduction of parasites for its control. Invert. Consultants Comm. for Micronesia, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council., pp. 6-8. (Mimeographed.) BIBLIOGRAPHY 227 1950. Life history and feeding habits of the giant African snail on Saipan. Paf. Sci., 4(4):323-35. LANGE, W. H., JR., AND MACLEOD, G. F. 1941. Metaldehyde and calcium arsenate in slug and snail baits. Jour. Econ. Ent., 34:321-22. LANGE, W. H., JR., AND SCIARONI, R. H. 1952. Metaldehyde dusts for control of slugs affecting Brussels sprouts in central California. Ibid., 45 (5): 896-97. LARAMBERGUE, M. DE 1955. Presentation d'achatines gastropodes exotiques nuisibles aux cultures. C. R. Assoc. Frang. PAvanc. Sci., 73:450-52. LATIF, S. M. 19330. Een gevaarlijke vijand. De Orchidee (Bandoeng), 2(5): 108-10. 19336. Het slakkendrama. Ibid., 2(6): 123-27. 1933c. [Note] Ibid., 2(7): 178. 1937. Algemeen Landbouwweekblad voor Nederlandsch Indie, 21:701-2. LAVIOLETTE, P. 1950. Sur un retard de la maturite genitale observe chez Arion rufus L. Soc. Linneenne de Lyon, Bull. Mensuel, 19(3): 52-56. LAWSON, A. K. 1920a. Limnaea [sic] stagnalis devoured by rats. Lanes. Ches. Nat. 12:272. 19206. Vitrea and Pyramidula destroyed by ants. Jour. Conch., 16(4): 127. 1921a. Helicella virgata (Da Costa) destroyed by moles. Ibid., 16:226. 19216. Helix hortensis on thrush stones. Ibid., 16 :264. 1921c. Limnaea [sic] stagnalis destroyed by rats. Ibid., 16:144. 1929. Mollusca eaten by rabbits. Ibid., 18(11): 327-28. 1930. Ibid., 19(7): 190. LEBOUK, M. V. 1915. Some feeding habits of slugs. Ann. Appl. Biol., 1(3/4): 393-95. LEEFMANS, S. 1933a. Nog eens: het slakkendrama. De Orchidee (Bandoeng), 2(7): 151-53. 19336. De slakken. Ibid., 2(8): 199-200. 1933c. Voorloopige mededeeling inzake de bestrijding van Achatina fulica Per. in Batavia. (With English summary.) Landbouw, Landbouwkundig Tijdschr. voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 9(6):289-98. (Also in: De Berg- cultures, 8:3-6.) LEEFMANS, S., AND VAN DER VECHT, J. 1933a. De groote agaatslak (Achatina fulica Fer.) in Nederlandsch-Indie. (With English summary.) Landbouw, Landbouwkundig Tijdschr. voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 8(10): 668-77. 1933&. De groote agaatslak (Achatina fulica Fer.) in Nederlandsch-Indie. De Bergcultures, 7(21):579-84. (Also in: Algemeen Landbouwweekblad voor Nederlandsch-Indie, 17[47]: 878-81.) LEEUWEN, D. VAN. 1932. Notes and comments. Conchology. Achatina fulica. Hong Kong Natu- ralist, 3(1): 71. LEGEB, L. 1924. Sur la valeur nutritive de Tescargot (Helix pomatia L.). C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 179:1622-25. 1925. La valeur alimentaire et gastonomique de Tescargot de Bourgogne (Helix pomatia L.). Travaux du Lab. d'Hydrobiol. Pisciculture, Gre- noble, 15/16:73-81. LEMAN, G. C. 1912. Helix cantiana Mont, eaten by birds. Jour. Conch., 13(12) :359. 228 BIBLIOGRAPHY LENNOX, C. G. 1949. "The giant snails" (Repartee) Atlantic, 184(4): 17. 1951. Division of Entomology and Plant Quarantine. In his: Biennial Report, Hawaii Board of Commissioners of Agric. and Forestry, 1949-50 :32-33. 1953. Ibid., 1951-52:27-28, 31, 33, 34. LEONARD-LILLE, ETABLISSEMENTS 1938. France, patent 827,518, April 28, 1938. LEONI, I. 1953a. O earamjo nas lavouras cafeeiras. Colheitas e Mercados (Sao Paulo), 9(10/12): 13-14. 19536. O problema do caramujo na lavoura cafeeira. Sao Paulo, Superintenden- cia dos Servigos do Cafe, Bol., 28(315): 12-15. LESSON, R.-P. 1830. Zoologie. In: Louis I. Duperrey, Voyage autour du monde ... sur ... La Coquille, pendant les annees 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. 2(1):318-20. LEVER, R. J. A. W. 1939. Entomological notes. Agric. Jour. (Fiji), 10(1): 17-20. LEVY, M. 1890. Zoochemische TJntersuchung der Mitteldarmdriise (Leber) von Helix pomatia. Zeitschr. f. Biologic, 27:398-414. LEVY, P. 1938. France, patent 833,353, Oct. 20, 1938. LEWIS, D. R., MADEL, G. A., AND DRTJRY, J. 1939. Fatal poisoning by "meta fuel" tablets. British Med. Jour., 1939(1): 1283-84. LEWIS, H. C., AND LAFOLLETTE, J. R. 1941. Snail control in orchards. Calif. Citrograph, 26(5): 117, 132. 1942a. Control of European brown snails. Ibid., 27(5) :122, 144. 1942&. Control of the brown snail in citrus orchards. Jour. Econ. Ent., 35:359- 62. LEY W. 'l949. "D.P.V of the animal world. Frontiers (Philadelphia), 13(5): 139-41. Li, S., see Hi, J. LING, L. 1952. Digest of plant quarantine regulations (new ed.), United Nations, FAO, Agric. Div., Plant Protection Br., Development Paper No. 23, 164 pp. 1954. Digest of plant quarantine regulations. First supplement. Ibid.9 100 pp. LOCARD, A. 1890. Les huftres et les mollusques comestibles, moules, prairies, clovisses, escargots, etc.; histoire naturelle, culture industrielle, hygiene alimentaire. Paris, J.-B. Bailliere et Fils, 383 pp. LOCKWOOD, S. 1880. Vitality of Helix aspera [sic]. Amer. Nat., 14:214. LONGSTAFF, J. 1921. Observations on the habits of Cochlitoma zebra var. fulgurata (Pf eiffer), and Cochlitoma zebra var. obesa (Pfeiffer), in confinement. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1921:379-87. LOPES, H. DE S. 1940. Contribuigao ao conhicimento do genero Udamopyga Hall e de outros Sarcophigideos que vivem em molluscos no Brazil. Revista de Ento- mologia (Rio de Janeiro), 11:924-54. LOVERIDGE, A. 1945. Reptiles of the Pacific world. New York, Macmillan Co., 259 pp. BIBLIOGRAPHY 229

LOVETT, A. L., AND BLACK, A. B. 1920. The gray garden slug with notes on allied forms. Oregon Agric. Coll. Exp. Sta. Bull., 170:1-43. LUCAS, F. A. 1897. Biological society of Washington—282nd meeting, Saturday, Novem- ber 20. Science, N.S., 6:886. LUCAS, H. 1842. Sur une nouvelle espece du genre Drilus qui habile le nord de 1'Afrique. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 15:1187-89. 1870. Note sur le Malacogaster bassi, sp. nov., vivant dans les Helix dupoteti, lucasi, etc. Ann. Soc. Ent. Paris, 4e ser., Bull. Seances, 10 :lvii-lviii. 1871. Description des deux sexes (Tune nouvelle espece de Malacogaster (M. bassii), precedee de quelques remarques sur cette coupe generique. Ibid., 5eser., 1:19-28. LUCAS, W. 1949. A bill to prevent the entry of certain giant snails into the United States. House of Representatives Bill 6242, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 27, 1949. 1951. A bill to prevent the entry of certain mollusks into the United States. House of Representatives Bill 4443, 82d Cong., 1st sess. June 13, 1951. LUTZ, F. E. 1927. Minutes meeting of December 7,1926. Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc., 35(3): 315.

McATEE, W. L. 1918. Food habits of the mallard ducks of the United States. USDA Bull. No. 720, 35 pp. McCANCE, R. A., AND StflPP, H. L. 1933. The magnesium and other inorganic constituents of some marine invertebrates. Jour. Marine Biol. Assoc. United Kingdom, 19(1): 293-96. McCoRMiCK, C. J. 1952. Title 7 Agriculture Chapter HI—Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine Part 324 Mollusks, Regulations governing entry. Fed. Regis- ter, 17 (207): 9582-84, Oct. 22, 1952. McCREERY, J. M. 1890. Note on some of the causes of extinction of species. Amer. Geologist, 5:100-104. McCRORY, S. J. 1950. Division of Entomology. Louisiana Dept. Agric. & Immig., Bien. Kept., 34:35. MACDOTJGALL, R. S. 1931. Insects and other inveretebrates in 1930. Trans. Highland and Agric. Soc. Scotland, 43 :109-54. McFARLAND, E. W. 1951. A bill to prevent the entry of certain mollusks into the United States. Senate of the U.S. Bill 1489, 82d Cong., 1st sess., May 15, 1951. MACKERRAS, M. J., AND SANDARS, D. F. 1954. Life-history of the rat lung-worm and its migration through the brain of its host. Nature, 173(4411):956-57. McLAUCHLAN, C. F. 1949. Experiments upon certain snails inhabiting Sydney gardens. Proc. Roy. Soc. N. S. Wales, 1947-48:21-24. MACMILLAN, H. F. 1943. Tropical planting and gardening with special reference to Ceylon (5th ed.). London, Macmillan Co., 560 pp. 230 BIBLIOGRAPHY MAHONY, F. J. 1955. Truk with snails. Time, 66(4) :6. July 25, 1955. MARCHI, C. 1928a. Sul valore vitaminico del molluschi eduli. I. Presenza di vitamina C in lamellibranchi e gasteropodi. Monitore Zoologico Ital., 39(3/4): 83-90. 19286. Sur valore vitaminico dei molluschi eduli. II. Esperimenti con lamellibranchi e gasteropodi cotti e con cefalopodi. Ibid., 39 (9): 215-33. 1929. Ricerche sulla presenza di vitamina C in alcuni molluschi eduli. Memo- ria R. Comitato Talassografico Ital. Venezia, 152:1-18. MARTINSON, J. S. 1929. The local edible-snail industry. Yearbook 1928, Gold Coast Dept. Agric. Bull., 16:231-35. MASEFIELD, J. R. B. 1913. Helix cantiana eaten by birds. Jour. Conch., 14(1): 10. MASSEE, A. M. 1928. Notes on insect pests for the years 1926-1927. East Mailing Res. Sta., Ann. Kept. H, Suppl., 14/15:157-62. MATSUI, Y. 1942. ("Diurnal periodic activities of the large African snails"; in Japanese.) Kagaku Nanyo ("Science of the South Seas," Jour. Palau Trop. Biol. Sta.), 5(1): 137-43. MAUBERT, J. 1943. La cria del caraeol y su explotacion. Esnea, 30(1266): 5. MEAD, A. R. 1949a. Advance report re selection of islands for experimental biological control of Achatina fulica in the Pacific. Invert. Consultants Comm. for Micronesia, Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. 4 pp. (Typescript.) 1949&. The giant snails. Atlantic, 184(2): 38-42. 1949c. The giant snails. The Biologist, 32(1/2) :9-15. 1949Gastropoda). Current Sci., Bangalore, 20(5): 136-37. MEER MOHR, J. C. VAN DER 1924. Medewerking verzocht. Tropische Natuur, 13:26-27. 1927. Over Ryssota brookei en tevens nog een enkel woordje over Achatina fulica. Ibid., 16:206-8. 1931a. Een gevaarlijek slak. Algemeen Landbouwweekblad voor Nederlandsch- Indie, 16:678. 19316. Ueber Ameisen als Schneckenfeinde. Miscellanea Zoologica Sumatra na, 52:1-3. 1931c. Ueber Ameisen als Schneckenfeinde. Tropische Natuur, 20:119-20. 1935. Eine wanderlustige Schnecke: Achatina fulica Fer. Natur und Volk, 65 (2): 62-67. ^ 1940. Korte zoologische aanteekeningen. V. De agaatslak ter Oostkust van Sumatra. Tropische Natuur, 29(9): 145-48. 1941. Korte zoologische aanteekeningen. VII. De agaatslak in Atjeh. Ibid., 30(12): 173. 1948. Aanvullende gegevens over de verspreiding van Achatina fulica Fer. in Noord-Sumatra, speciaal op de Oostkust van Sumatra. Chronica Natu- rae, 104(6): 178-79. 1949a. Achatina fulica (Fer.) as a minor pest of tobacco. Ibid., 105(11): 290. 19496. On the reproductive capacity of the African or giant snail, Achatina fulica (Fer.). Treubia, 20(1): 1-10. 232 BIBLIOGRAPHY MEER MOHR, J. C. VAN DER—Continued 1950. Eigenaardige doodsoorzaak van Achatina fulica (Fer.). Chronica Natu- rae, 106 (3): 97-98. 1957. Additional notes on the life history of Achatina fulica Bowdich. Indones. Jour. Nat. Sci., 112:191-95. MERCIEB, L. 1921. Dipteres de la cote du Calvados. lie liste. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belgique, 61:162-64. MERLE, R. 1949. Un conquerant du monde: TAchatine. La Nature, 1949(3169): 151-52. MERRILL, E. D. 1929. Report of the agricultural experiment station of the University of Cali- fornia: Zoology. Univ. of Calif., Berkeley, p. 117. 1930. Ibid., p. 114. 1945. Plant life of the Pacific world. New York, Macmillan Co., 295 pp. MESSENGER, A. P. 1947. Plant quarantine. Twenty-eighth annual report. Calif. Dept. Agric., Bull., 36(4): 192. 1949. Ibid., Thirtieth annual report. 38(4) :220. 1950. Ibid., Thirty-first annual report. 39(4): 119, 222. 1951. Ibid., Thirty-second annual report. 40(4): 192. 1952. Ibid., Thirty-third annual report. 41 (4): 250-54. 1953. Ibid., Thirty-fourth annual report. 42(4): 240. 1954. Ibid., Thirty-fifth annual report. 43(4): 197-208. MESSENGER, A. P., AND BREECH, E. A. 1958. Plant Quarantine. Thirty-eighth annual report. Calif. Dept. Agric., Bull., 47(2): 192. METTEO, A. 1946. Contributi alia biologia, alia parasitologist ad alF allevamento industriale di alcune specie di chiocciole commenstibli. Italia Agricicola, Giornale di Agricoltura, 83(8) :480. MIEGE, E. 1906. Les soies de pore comme engrais. Jour. Agric. Pratique, N.S., 11(5): 145. MIELZINSKY, I. 1824. Memoire sur une larve qui devore les Helix nemoralis et sur Finsects auquel elle donne naissance. Ann. Sci. Nat., 1:67-77. MILES, H. W., WOOD, J., AND THOMAS, I. 1931. On the ecology and control of slugs. Ann. Appl. Biol., 18 (3): 370-400. MILHON, W. 1948. Beetle balm for Guam. Leatherneck, 31(12): 20-21. 1949. Ibid., The Biologist, 31(3): 55-58, 65. MlLSUM, J. 1950. The giant snail. Colony of Seychelles, Dept. Agric., Ann. Kept., 1949:8. MOHB, see MEER MOHR MOHR, E. C. J., AND VAN BAEEN, F. A. 1954. Tropical soils. A critical study of soil genesis as related to climate, rock and vegetation. London, New York, Interscienee, 498 pp. MOKRZECKI, S. 1923. Ueber den Parasitismus von Fliegen im Korper von Land-Schnecken. Zeitschr. Wissen. InsektenbioL, 18:135-37. MONTE, O. 1944. O arua como alimento. Chacaras e Quintals, 70:321. BIBLIOGRAPHY 233 MOORE, C. H. 1934. Slug and beetle. Jour. Conch., 20(3): 85. MOORE, H. B. 1936. The biology of Purpura lapillus. I. Shell variation in relation to environ- ment. Jour. Marine Biol. Assn. United Kingdom, N.S., 21(1): 61-89. MORELET, A. 1860. Series conchyliologiques comprenant remuneration de mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies pendant le cours de differents voyages, ainsi que la description de plusieurs especes nouvelles. Paris, Klinck- sieck, 2:70. 1878. Addition a la faune paleontologique de Tile Maurice. Jour, de Conchyl,. 26:170-73. MORETON, B. D. 1953. Preliminary experiments with metaldehyde suspensions against slugs. Plant Path., 2:49-51. MOBETTI, G. 1934. II valore nutritive degli organi dell' Helix pomatia Linn. Bollettino di Zoologia, 5:7-15. MORGENSTERN, A. V. 1949. (Repartee) Atlantic, 184(4): 17. MOKITZ, P. 1899. Ueber die Funktion der sogenannten "Leber" der Mollusken. Jena, Inaugural Dissertation. MORRISON, P. C. 1950a. Case for the snail. Wild Life, Australian Nature Mag., 12(4): 149. 1950&. Giant snails cross the world: Japan's legacy to the Pacific. Ibid., 12(2): 59-61, 92. MOZLEY, A. 1952. Molluscicides. London, H. K. Lewis & Co., 87 pp. MUNCHBERG, P. 1950. Zur Chemie und Toxikologie des Metaldeyds als Malacocide Wirksub- stanz. Zeitsch. f. Hygienische Zool. u. Schadlings., 38(8): 245-52. MUMA, M. H. 1954. Predators and parasites of the citrus tree snail. Citrus Mag., 16(10): 8-9. 1955. Observations on the biology of the citrus tree snail. Citrus Industry, 36:6-9. MYKYTOWYCZ, It. 1953. An attenuated strain of the myxomatosis virus recovered from the field. Nature, 172:448-49. NABIH, A. 1938. Studien liber die Gattung Klossia und B eschreibung des Lebenzyklus von Klossia loossi (nov. sp.). Arch. Protistenk., 91 (3): 474-515. NEAL, M. C. 1948. In gardens of Hawaii. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Spec. Pub. 40, 805 pp. NESPOR, E., AND WENIG, K. 1939. Die Wirbellosen und Ascorbinsaure (Vitamin C). Biochemische Zeit- schrift, 302:73-76. NEWPORT, G. 1857. On the natural history of the glowworm (Lampyris noctiluca). Jour. Proc. Linn. Soc. London, Zool., 1:40-71. 234 BIBLIOGRAPHY NEWTON, H. C. F. 1937. The new poison bait for slug and snails. Jour. Board Greenkeeping Res., Brit. Golf Union, 5:113-15. NOEL, P. 1891. Destruction des limagons par le crapaud et la grenouille. Revue Sci. Nat. de TOuest (Paris), 1:261-62. NORRIS, R. E. 1952. Tree snails in citrus pest control. Fla. Grower, 60:18, 41, 47. NOZAKI, S. 1940. ("The pests of vegetable gardens"; in Japanese.) Nanyo Gunto ("The South Sea Islands"), 6 (2). NUNN, A. 1953. Do snails help citrus? Prog. Farmer, Ga. Ala. Fla., 68(6) :19. NUTTONSON, M. Y. 1952. Ecological crop geography and field practices of the Ryukyu Islands, natural vegetation of the Ryukyus, and agro-climatic analogues in the northern hemisphere. Washington, D.C., Amer. Institute of Crop Ecol., 106 pp.

OAKLEY, R. G. 1946. Entomological observations in the Marshall, Caroline, and Mariana Islands. U.S. Commercial Co. Economic Survey, 1946, 82 pp. (Mimeo- graphed.) OLDHAM, C. 1912. Helix cantiana Mont, preyed upon by the song thrush. Jour. Conch., 13(11): 323. 1929a. The influence of lime on the shell of Arianta arbustorum. Proc. MalacoL Soc. London, 18(4): 143-44. 1929&. Mollusca eaten by rabbits. Jour. Conch., 18(12):335. 1931. Some scalariform examples of Arianta arbustorum infested by parasitic mites. Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, 19(5): 240-42. 1934. Some further observations on the influence of lime on the shells of snails. Ibid., 21(1): 131-38. OSBORN, F. 1944. The Pacific world. Its vast distances, its lands and the life upon them, and its peoples. New York, W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 218 pp. OTANES, F. Q. 1948. Notes on orchid pests and suggestions for their control. Philippine Or- chid Rev., 1:12-18. OUGHTON, J. 1948. A zoogeographical study of the land snails of Ontario. Univ. Toronto Studies, Biol. Ser. No. 57, 126 pp. OWEN, R. P. 1951. Investigation of carnivorous snail experiment on Agiguan. Memoran- dum, Trust Terr. Pac. Is., Off. Dist. Adm., Palau District, Sept. 5, 1951. 3 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1953. Gonaxis kibweziensis Smith. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 15(1): 3.

PAIKIN, L. M., KTJLIKOV, A. L, AND LESOVAYA, N. G. 1949. U.S.S.R. patent No. 77,877, Dec. 31, 1949. PAIVA, C. A. 1919. Notes on the Indian glow-worm (Lamprophorus tenebrosus [Wlk.]). Records Indian Museum, Calcutta, 16:19-28. BIBLIOGRAPHY 235 PALMER, U. C. 1951. Vinbergssnackan som orienterare. Svensk Faunistisk Revy, 13(2): 53-59. PAN, C.-T. 1956. Studies on the biological control of schistosome-bearing snails: a preliminary report on pathogenic microorganisms found in Australorbis glabratus. Jour. Parasit., 42(4 suppl.):33. 1958. The general histology and topographic microanatomy of Australorbis glabratus. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard, 119(3): 237-99. PANGGA, G. A. 1947. How to control the giant African snail. Plant Industry Digest, 12(7): 28-30. 1949. A preliminary report on the biology, ecology and control of the giant African snail (Achatina fulica Fer.). Philippine Jour. Agric., 14(4): 337-47. PANOS MARTI, P. 1952. El aprovechamiento del caracol en granjas avicolas. Anales de Econ. Peeuaria, 1:25-50. PAPPAS, J. L., and CARMAN, G. E. 1955. Field screening tests with various materials against the European brown snail on citrus in California. Jour. Econ. Ent., 48 (6): 698-700. PARAVICINI, E. M. M. 1922. lets over schadelijke en nuttige weekdieren van tropisch Azie. Teys- mannia, 33:24-28. 1926. Ueber verschleppte Mollusken. Arch. f. Molluskenkunde, 58:184-89. PAKDO, L. 1943. Los caracoles (Helicicultura). Ministerio Agric. Seccion de Publicaciones Prensa y Propaganda (Madrid), No. 72, 176 pp. PEAKSON, J. 1910. The African land snail in Ceylon. Spolia Zeylanica, 7:110. PELSENEEK, P. 1928. Les parasites des mollusques et les mollusques parasites. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 53(3): 158-89. 1934. La duree de la vie et Page de la maturite sexuelle chez certains mollusques. Ann. Soc. Roy Zool. Belg., 64:93-104. 1935. Essai d'ethologie zoologique d'apres 1'etude des mollusques. Bruxelles, Palais des Academies, 662 pp. PEMBERTON, C. E. 1938. The giant snail Achatina fulica (Fer.) discovered in Hawaii. Hawaiian Planters' Rec., 42(2): 135-40. 1949. Longevity of the tropical American toad, Bufo marinus, L. Science, 110:512. 1954. Invertebrate consultants committee for the Pacific: Report for 1949- 1954. Washington, D.C., Nat. Res. Council, Pac. Sci. Board. 56 pp. 1956. Defense of a predator. Nautilus, 69(4): 142-44. 1957. Progress in the control of invertebrate pests in the Pacific islands. Proc. Eighth Pac. Sci. Cong., 1953, 3(A): 1205-17. PEMBERTON, C. E., WILLIAMS, F. X., AND SAKIMUKA, K. 1939. Achatina fulica (Fer.). Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 10(2): 187, 190. PEREIRA, B. A. 1926. Snail pest at Deniyaya. Year Book Dept. Agric. Ceylon. 1926:62. PEREIRA, H. P., AND L. I. GCN^ALVES 1949. Caramujos, caracois e lesmas nocivos e meios de combate. O Biologico (Sao Paulo), 15(4): 65-73. 236 BIBLIOGRAPHY PERSING, C. O. 1943. Chemical control of snails in citrus groves. Calif. Citrus Expt. Sta. News Letter 22, 3 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1944a. Control of snails. Calif. Citrograph, 29(3): 60. 19446. Snail control. Citrus Leaves, 24(1): 16-17. 1945a. Baits for control of snails. Ibid., 25(2):6, 7, 13. 1945&. Snail baits. Calif. Citrograph, 30(4): 94-95. PETERSON, G. D., JR. 1954. Report on progress of carnivorous snail experiment on Agiguan, Mari- anas Islands. Invert. Consultants Comm. for Pac., Pac. Sci. Board, Nat. Res. Council. 9 pp. (Mimeographed.) 1956. Suncus murinus, a recent introduction to Guam. Jour. Mammalogy, 37 (2): 278-79. 1957a. Lamprophorus tenebrosus introduced into Guam to combat the giant African snail. Jour. Econ. Ent., 50:114. 1957&. Studies on control of the giant African snail on Guam. Hilgardia, 26(16): 643-58. PETIT DE LA SAUSSAYE, S. 1852. Des ennemis des limagons, ou des causes qui s'opposent a leur trop grande multiplication. Jour, de Conchyl., 3:97-106. PEYEKIMHOFF, P. DE 1914. Sur deux femelles larviformis de malacodermata. Voyage de Charles Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911-12). Insectes Cole- opteres, 7:264-70. PFEFFER, J. 1928. Riesen im Schneckenreich. Arch. Molluskenkunde, 60(5): 219-20. PHILBRICK, A. N. 1949. The giant African snail. The Times (London), No. 51,477, Sept. 3, 1949, p. 5. PIERCE, W. D. 1931. The bearing of the oxytofactor in insect control. Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc., 39:159-65. PlLSBRY, H. A. 1919. A review of the land mollusks of the Belgian Congo chiefly based on the collections of the American Museum Congo expedition 1909-1915. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 50(1): 1-370. 1939-48. Land mollusca of North America (north of Mexico) (2 vols.). Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Monogr. 3. PlLSBRY, H. A., AND BEQUAERT, J. C. 1927. The aquatic mollusks of the Belgian Congo, with a geographical and ecological account of Congo malacology. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 53(2) :69-602. PlTCHFORD, G. W. 1955. Helix nemoralis in a calcium deficient habitat. Jour. Conch., 24(2) :54. PLATE, H.-P. 1951. Die okologischen Beziehungen zwischen Arthropoden und Mollusken. Zeitschr. f. Angew. Ent., 32:406-32. PLATE, H.-P., AND FROMMING, E, 1951. Untersuchungen liber das Verhalten von Landlungenschnecken gegenii- ber einigen Liliaceae, Amaryllidaceae und Iridaceae. Zeitsch. f. Hy- gienische Zool. u. Schadlings., 39:145-46. 1952. Quantitative Untersuchungen iiber die Wirksamkeit einiger Metalde- hydpraparate gegenuber Landlungenschnecken. Anz. f. Schadlings- kunde, 25(9): 133-36. BIBLIOGRAPHY 237 POLING, J. 1954. Such interesting snails. Colliers, 133:106-9, Feb. 19, 1954. 1960. The threat of the giant snail. Coronet, 48(1): 148-52. POULTON, E. B. 1885. Snails eating whiting. Nature, 33s 176. PURDY, H. A. 1928. The improbability of tobacco mosaic transmission by slugs. Amer, Jour. Bot., 15(1): 100-101. PUTEH, P. 1939. Giant snails. Malayan Agric. Jour., 27(12):532.

QUICK, H. E. 1924. Length of life of Paludestrina ulvae. Jour. Conch., 17:169.

"R. B." 1952. Drunken slugs don't always die. Grower (London), 37(21): 1195-97. RAFFY, A., AND RICART, R. 1943. Presence de vitamine B2 (riboflavine) chez Pescargot: Repartition dans les principaux organes: Variations au cours du jeune et de Thibernation. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 216:86-88. RAILLIET, A. 1916. The food of slugs and the development of Anoplocephalidae. Ann. Appl. Biol., 3:52. RANDOIN, L.,^ AND PORTIEB, P. 1923. Etudes des vitamines de mollusques: Presence du facteur antiscorbu- tique chez 1'huftre. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 177; 498. RANDS, R. D. 1924. Snails as predisposing agents of sugar cane "root disease" in Louisiana. Jour. Agric. Res., Washington, 28 (9): 969-70. RAO, V. T., RAMADOSS, P., AND RAO, M. K. 1953. Snails damage to paddy in the Northern Circars and their control. Madras Agric. Jour., 40(10): 445-52. RAPPARD, R W. 1949. De agaatslak (Achatina fulica Per.), een gevaar voor jonge djaticul- turen. Tectona, 40:365-66. RATCLIFFE, F. N., MYERS, K., FENNESSY, B. V., AND CALABY, J. H. 1952. Myxomatosis in Australia: A step towards the biological control of the rabbit. Nature, 170:7-11. READ, B. E. 1931. Mollusca. In his: Chinese materia medica. Peking Nat. Hist. Bull., 1931:39-81. REES, W. J. 1949. Achatina's odyssey; ravages of a globe-trotting giant snail. The Times (London), No. 51,471, Aug. 27, 1949, pp. 5, 10. 1950. Ibid., Loris, 5(4): 159-61. 1951. The giant African snail. Proc. Zool. Soc. London., 120(3): 577-98. 1955. Escaped escargots. Nautilus, 68(3): 90-94. REMLINGER, P. 1916. Un milieu nutritif de guerre: Le bouillon d'escargots. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 79:1109-10. RHODES, D. N. 1950. Snail scourge: The ravenous "living tanks" have landed: Beware of Achatina fulica. Rocky Mountain Empire Mag., April 9, 1950, p. 8. 238 BIBLIOGRAPHY

RI, J. 1935. ("A labor-saving method of rapidly producing edible snails"; in Japa- nese.) Noygo Sekai ("Agricultural World"), April, 1935, pp. 73-77. RlEL, A. 1933. Een slakkenplaag. De Orchidee (Bandoeng), 2(5): 117. ROBBS, C. F. 1946. Contribuigao as estudo das bacterias que atacam plantas no Brazil. I. Contribuigao as estudo da "podridao negra" das Cruciferas no Distrito Federal. Bol. Soc. Brazileira Agron., 9(3): 195-213. ROBSON, G. C. 1914. Molluscan rubber pests. Jour. Conch., 14(8): 225. ROBSON, R. W. 1946. The Pacific Islands handbook. New York, Macmillan Co., 371 pp. RODHAIN, J., AND BEQUAERT, J. C. 1916. Histoire de "Passeromyia heterochaeta" Villen. et de "Stasisia (Cor- dylobia) rodhaini" Ged. Bull. Sci. de la France et de la Belgique, 49: 236-89. ROSENBERG, E. C. 1909. Drilus concolor Ahr.: Hunnens forvandling i skallen af Helix hortensis. Entom. Meddel. Kopenhagen, 2d ser., 3:227-40. ROSTAND, J. 1920. Sur la biologic de Sarcophaga filia Pandelle. Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1920:215-16. ROTHNEY, G. A. J. 1889. Notes on Indian ants. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 3:347-74. RUST, E. W. 1915. Edible snails. U.S. Dept. Agric. Yearbook, 1914:491-503. RYERSON, K. A. 1947. Letter from the Chairman of the Pacific Science Board of the National Research Council addressed to Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Chief of Naval Operations, U.S. Navy Department, Washington 25, D.C., dated July 7, 1947. (Mimeographed.) SALAAM, D. 1938. Entomologist's report. Dept. Agric. Tanganyika Terr., Ent. Leaflet No. 17. SATO, S. 1935. ("The breeding of the Trench variety' of edible snails"; in Japanese.) Nogyo Sekai ("Agricultural World"), April, 1935, p. 69-72. SCHILDER, F. A. 1956. Lehrbuch der allgemeinen Zoogeographie. Jena, Gustav Fischer, 150 pp. SCHLESCH, H. 1928. Notes sur la dispersion des mollusques. Actes Soc. Linneenne Bordeaux, 80:119-46. SCHMITZ, H. 1909. Zur Biologic von Drilus flavescens Fourcr. Bericht. Nederl. Ent. Ver., 2:301-5. 1917. Biologische Beziehungen zwischen Dipteren und Schnecken. Biolo- gisches Zentralblatt, 37(1): 24-43. SCHNELL, W. 1919. Ein Fall von Masseninfektion mit Taenia nana als Sektionsbefund. Zentralblatt f. Bakteriol., Parasit., u. Infektionskr., Originate, 82: 304-6. BIBLIOGRAPHY 239

SCHOLES, J. C. 1945. Feeding of coquina shell to laying hens. Poultry Sci., 24(1): 53-55. SCHOMBERG, S. 1954. Dosage du metaldehyde. C. R. Acad. Agric. France, 40:271-73. SCHWETZ, J. 1950. Sur un predateur des mollusques cTeau douce de TAfrique Centrale. Ann. Soc. Roy. Zool. Belgique, 81:145-46. SEATON, H. 1947. Do slug killers increase slugs? Guild Gard., 22(9): 10. SEGUY, E. 1921. Les dipteres qui vivent aux depens des escargots. Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1921:238-39. 1935. Notes biologiques et systematiques sur les dipteres. Encyclopedic Ent. ser. B., Diptera, 8:155-72. SEKINE, H. 1926. ("On the muscle protein. V. The nutritive value of the muscle protein. II. The amount of lysine in the muscle protein and its effect on the growth of young rats"; in Japanese; with English summary.) Jour. Imp. Fish. Inst., 22(1):42-43. SEMPER, K. 1890. Neuer Bericht ueber die im Juni 1890 erhaltenen lebenden Achatinen aus Zanzibar. Sitzungsber. d. Physikalisch-Medicenischen Gesell. Wtirz- burg. 1890:72. ^T^TOTfyR—"Vv HTTE A\J 1924. New Ceylon Diptera. HI. Spolia Zeylanica, 12:375-406. SHANNON, H. 1952. Giant snaUs menace the U.S.A. Sir! A Magazine for Males, 7(6): 12-13, 74, 76. SHELFORD, V. E. 1913. The reactions of certain animals to gradients of evaporating power of air: A study in experimental ecology. Biol. Bull., 25:79-120. SHEWELLr-CoOPER, N. D. H. 1938. Meta-bran. The Gardener's Chronicle, 3d ser., 103(2677): 272. SIMON, A. L. 1940. A concise encyclopaedia of gastonomy. Sect. II. Fish. London, Gros- venor Gardens, 118 pp. SlMROTH, H., AND HOFFMANN, H. 1928. Pulmonata. In: H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-reichs. 3 bd., 2 abt., 2 buch. Leipzig, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, 1354 pp. SIOLI, H. 1935. Uber den Chemismus der Reparatur von Schalendefekten bei Helix pomatia. Zool. Jahrb., 3 Abt. Allg. Zool. Physiol. Tiere, 54:507-34* SIVERS, J. VON 1872. Malakologisches ("News of Helix pomatia")- Correspondenz-Blatt d. Naturforscher-Vereins z. Riga, 19:112. SMEATON, E., AND SMEATON, E. 1906. British patent No. 9,152, April 18, 1906. SMEDLEY, N. 1928. Achatina fulica (Fer.) the giant snail, as a possible source of disease. Malayan Naturalist, 2(1): 47. SMITH, A. G. 1951. Minutes. Pacific Division. Amer. Malacol. Union, Ann. Rept., 1951: 18-25. 240 BIBLIOGRAPHY SMITH, E. A. 1899. Note on the epiphragm of Aehatina immaculata, Lam. Proc. Malacol. Soc. London, 3:309-10. SMITH, F. F., FULTON, R. A., AND BRIEBLEY, P. 1948. Use of DDT and Hexaethyl tetraphosphate as aerosols in greenhouses. H. Agric. Chemicals, 3(1):37, 39, 77. SMITH, H. S. 1919a. Note: Supplement to article by G. R. Gorton. Calif. State Comm. Hort., Monthly Bull., 8(1): 9-10. 1919&. Snail which is a possible danger to citrus industry. Calif. Citrograph, 4(3): 53. 1922. Extermination of the white snail, Helix pisana. Ibid., 8(2) :35, 56—57. SOMANADER, S. V. O. 1951. The Kalutara snail (Aehatina fulica). Loris (Jour. Ceylon Wildlife), 5(6): 264-67. SONAN, J. 1936. ("Concerning the edible snail"; in Japanese.) Taiwan Nojiho ("Formo- san Agricultural Review"), 32(9): 17-24. SOUTH, F. W. 1922. Giant snaUs (Aehatina fulica). Malayan Agric. Jour. 10(10/11/12): 267. 1923a. Aehatina fulica. Ibid., 11 (4): 93. 19236. Giant snails (Aehatina fulica). Ibid., 11 (10): 253. 1924a. Aehatina fulica. Ibid., 12 (2): 36, 229. 1924&. Giant snatf (Aehatina fulica). Ibid., 12(8): 229-30. 1925. Aehatina fulica. Ibid., 13(7): 201. 1926a. The giant snail (Aehatina fulica). Ibid., 14(6): 157. 1926&. The giant snail (Aehatina fulica, Fer.) in Malaya. Ibid., 14(7): 231-41. 1927. The giant snail (Aehatina fulica Fr.). Ibid., 15(5): 149. SPENCB, G. C. 1938. Limicolaria as a pest. Jour. Conch., 21(3): 72. SPEYER, W. 1954. Versuche mit Metaldehyd zur Nacktschneckenbekampfung. Nachrich- tenbl. d. Deutsch. Pflanzenschutzdienstes, 6(9): 134-37. STEARNS, R. E. C. 1868. Remarkable instance of vitality in a snail. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 3:328-29. 1877. On the vitality of certain land mollusks. Amer. Nat., 11:100-102. STEEL, T. 1922. Chemical notes—general. HI. Shell of Helix aspersa. Proc. Linnean Soc. N. S. Wales, 47:443. STEFANI, T. DB 1913. L'Helix pisana e i danni che puo arrecare agli agrumi. Nuovi Annali Agric. Siciliana, N.S., fasc. 1. STEHLI, G. 1924. Der Kampf gegen die Schnecken. Kosmos, 21:140-42. STEINHAUS, E. A. 1949. Principles of insect pathology. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 757 pp. STOLKOWSKI, J. 1951. Essai sur le determinisme des formes mineralogiques du calcaire chez les etres vivants (calcaires coquilliers). Ann. Institut Oceanographique, N.S., 26(1): 1-113. STONE, E. L. 1951. The softs of Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands. Atoll Res. Bull., 5:1-56. BIBLIOGRAPHY 241 STOKER, T. L 1931. Known and potential results of bird and animal introduction with espe- cial reference to California. Calif. Dept. Agrie., Bull., 20(4): 267-73. 1934. Economic effects of introducing alien animals into California. Proc. Fifth Pac. Sci. Cong., 1:779-84. 1949. "The giant snails" (Repartee) Atlantic, 184(4): 17. STRINGER, A. 1946. Action of metaldehyde on slugs. Ann. Rept. Agric. and Hort. Res. Sta., Long Ashton, Bristol, 1946:87-88. STRUVB, K., AND KAIRIES, W. 1930. Die chemisette Zusammensetzung einiger als Fischnahrung wichtiger wirbellosen Bodentiere der Nordsee. Wissenschaftliche Meeresunter- suchungen, N.S., 17(6): 1-22. SYMONTOWNE, R. 1949. Giant crop-devouring snails threaten U.S. New York Sunday News, Aug. 14, 1949, p. 4, 19. SZABO, L, AND SZABO, M. 1930. Todesursachen und pathologische Erscheinungen bei Pulmonaten. Ar- chiv f. Molluskenkunde, 62:12f-30. 1931a. Altersverandeningen und pathologische Erscheinungen in der Korper- wand von Limax flavus L. Biol. Zentralblatt, 51:695-701. 19316. Todesursachen und pathologische Erscheinungen bei Pulmonaten. II. Hautkrankheiten bei Nacktschnecken. Archiv f. Molluskenkunde, 63(4/5): 156-60. 1933. Ibid. HI. 65(1): 11-15. 1934. Epitheliale Geschwulstbildung bei einem wirbellosen Tier, Limax flavus L. Zeitschr. f. Krebsforschung., 40:540-45. SZABO, M. 1935. Pathologische Veranderungen bei den Schnecken. Allanttani Kozle- menyek, Budapest, 32(3/4): 132-35. 1936. Todesursachen und pathologische Erscheinungen bei Pulmonaten. IV. Archiv f. Molluskenkunde, 68(4/5): 199-204. SZIDAT, L. 1941. Bemerkungen zur sogenannten parasitaren Kastration von Mollusken. Zeitschr. f. Parasitenkunde, 12:251-58.

TAKAHASHI, K. 1942. ("Observation on the locomotion of the giant snail"; in Japanese.) Kagaku Nanyo ("Science of the South Seas," Jour. Palau Trop. Biol. Sta.), 4(3): 68-74. TAKAMUBA, S. 1936. ("A method of producing edible snails which combines interest and profit"; in Japanese.) Nogyo Sekai ("Agricultural World")* Jan., 1936, p. 169-73. TAKI, Y. 1935. ("The story of the edible snail from the zoological point of view"; in Japanese.) Nogyo Sekai ("Agricultural World")* April, 1935, p. 61-66. TALAVERA, F., AND FAUSTINO, L. A. 1933. Edible mollusks of Manila. Philippine Jour. Sci., 50(1): 1-48. TAYLOR, E. L. 1935. Syngamus trachea: The longevity of the infective larvae in the earth- worm: Slugs and snails as intermediate hosts. Jour. Comp. Path, and Ther., 48(2): 149-56. 242 BIBLIOGRAPHY TAYLOR. J. W. 1900. Monograph of the land and freshwater Mollusca of the British Isles. I. Structural and general. Leeds, Taylor Bros., 454 pp. TAZAWA, S. 1934a. ("On the edible snail, Shirafuji Race"; in Japanese.) Pamphlet. 19346. ("Report of an investigation in the production of the Shirafuji variety of edible snails"; in Japanese.) Aug., 1934. Pamphlet. 1935a. ("An alarm to people about process and object of breeding and method of cooking of the edible snail, Shirafuji race [or Formosan shell]"; in Japanese.) Pamphlet. 19356. ("Concerning the Shirafuji variety of edible snails"; in Japanese.) Sept. 1935. Pamphlet. 1935c. ("Method of producing and utilizing shells and meats of edible snail, 'Shirafuji race' "; in Japanese.) Nogyo Sekai ("Agricultural World")* April, 1935. IQSSd. ("A method of producing the Shirafuji variety of edible snails five thou- sand fold in one year"; in Japanese.) Ibid., pp. 78-82. 1936. ("My impressions and policy for 1936, and new discoveries on quail [sic] breeding and edible snail cookery"; in Japanese.) Feb., 1936. Pamphlet. TERVET, I. W., AND ESSLEMONT, J. M. 1938. A fungous parasite of the eggs of the gray field slug. Jour. Quekett Microscopical Club, London, 4th ser., 1(1): 1-3. THISTLE, A. D. 1953a. Biological control of African snail. Hawaii Board of Commissioners of Agric. and Forestry, Ann. Kept., 1953:25, 30. 1953&. Chemical control of African snail. Ibid., 1953:28. 1954a. Biological control of African snails. Ibid., 1954:22, 28. 1954&. Chemical control of African snail. Ibid., 1954:25. 1957. Division of Entomology and Marketing. Hawaii Board of Commission- ers of Agric. and Forestry, Biennial Kept., 1955/56:31-32, 36. 1959a. Ibid., 1957/58:51-53, 59. 1959&. Tefflus zanzibaricus alluaudi Sternberg. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 17(1): 22. THOMAS, D. C. 1944. Discussion on slugs. II. Field sampling for slugs. Ann. Appl. Biol., 31(2):163-64. 1948. The use of metaldehyde against slugs. Ibid., 35:207-27. THOMAS, E. 1950. Entry of giant snails into the United States. U.S. Senate Rept. No. 2583, 81st Cong., 2d sess. THOMAS, O. 1949. A feast of giant snails. The Times (London), No. 51,474, Aug. 31, 1949, p. 5. THOMPSON, G. M. 1922. The naturalization of animals and plants in New Zealand. Cambridge Univ. Press. 607 pp. THOMPSON, H. W. 1928. Further tests of poison baits in South Wales. Welsh Jour. Agric., 4:342- 47. TlLEMANS, E., AND DORMAL, S. 1952. Toxicite des products phytopharmaceutiques envers Thornine et les animaux a sang chaud. Parasitica, 8 (2): 64-89. BIBLIOGRAPHY 243

TOMASZEWSKI, W. 1949. Mollusca, Weichtiere. In: Paul Sorauer, Handbuch der Pflanzenkrank- heiten. Berlin u. Hamburg, Paul Parey, 4(1): 100-116. TOMLIN, J. R. LEB. 1935. Slug and beetle. Jour. Conch., 20(6): 165. 1936. Mollusca destroyed by frost. Ibid., 20(9): 273-74. TORRES, J. DiP. 1950. Caracois gigantes. Chacaras e Quintals, 81:699-700. TOWNES, H. K. 1946. Results of an entomological inspection tour of Micronesia. U.S. Com- mercial Co. Economic Survey, 1946, 53 pp. (Mimeographed.) TRAPPMANN, W. 1952. Zur Frage der Schneckenbekampfung. Angewandte Botanik, 26(2) :99. TRYON, H. 1899. Plant pests: Vaginula slugs (Vaginula hedleyi and V. leydigi). Queens- land Agric. Jour., 5(1): 63-70. TSETKOV, B. N. 1940. Vliianie na molliuskov vyzhiganiia pastbishch v fuzhnom Kazakhstane. ("The influence of burning down pastures on molluscs in southern Kazakhstan"; with English summary.) Trudy Kazakhskogo Nauchno- IssledovateFs kogo Veterinarnogo Instituta, 3:420-28. TUREK, R. 1933. Chemisch-analytische TJntersuchungen an Molluskenschalen. Archiv f. Naturgesch., Zeitschrift f. Syst. Zool., N.S. 2:291-302. TURK, F. A., AND PHILLIPS, S.-M. 1946. A monograph of the slug mite Riccardoella limacum (Schrank). Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 115 (3/4): 448-72. U.S. BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE 1953. Land slugs and snails and their control. USDA Fanners Bull. No. 1895, rev. 8 pp. U.S. CONGRESS 1951. Public Law 152, 82d Cong., Chapter 409, 1st Sess., HR 4443. An act to prevent the entry of certain mollusks into the United States. Ap- proved Sept. 22, 1951. U.S. HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE 1930. Asiatic pilot. II. The Japanese archipelago (3d ed.). Hydrogr. Off. No. 123, 862 pp. 1938. Sailing directions for the Pacific islands. I. Western groups (4th ed.). Hydrogr. Off. No. 165, 632 pp. U.S. NAVY DEPARTMENT 1948. Handbook on the trust territory of the Pacific islands. A handbook for the use of training and administration. Washington, D.C., Navy De- partment, 311 pp. 1950. Trust territory of the Pacific islands. Report on the trust territory of the Pacific islands for the period July 1, 1949, to June 30, 1950, trans- mitted by the United States to the United Nations, pursuant to article 88 of the Charter of the United Nations (OpNav-P22-100-J). 161 pp. VAN CLEAVE, H. J. 1953. Snails and their relations to the soil. Smithsonian Inst. Ann. Kept., 1952:273-82. VANDENBEKG, S. R. 1929. Report of the entomologist. Guam Exp. Sta. Kept., 1927:14-17. 244 BIBLIOGRAPHY VAN EMDEN, F. L 1949. Proc. Roy. Ent. Soc. London, Ser. C, 14(8): 31. (In Proceedings.) VAN ZWALUWENBURG, R. H. 1955. (Minutes for the 7 Jan. 1955 meeting of the Hawaiian Entomological Society.) Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 16(1) :1. VEBIiAINB, L. 1931. Les oiseaux briseurs de coquilles d'Helix. Congres National des Sci- ences, Bruxelles, 1930:789-92. 1932. A propos des coquilles d'Helix brisees par des oiseaux ou des rongeurs. Ann. Soc. Roy. Zool. Belgique, 62:45-52. VAIDER, R. 1947. Contribution a Petude des mollusques comestibles terrestres, marins et fluviatiles de Tile Maurice. Trans. Soc. Roy. Arts Sci. Maurice, Ser. C., 1947(14): 1-44. VlANNEY, FR. M. 1953. Our first snake to feed on Achatina. Tropische Natuur, 33(3): 106. VIGNAL, L. 1919. Observations sur les Rumina decollata. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 44(5/6/7) :115-20. 1923. De la duree de la vie chez PHelix spiriplana Oliv. Jour, de Conchyl., 67:262. VINCENT, D., AND JULLIEN, A. 1941. Repartition du manganese chez Helix pomatia. C. R. Soc. Biol., Paris, 135:1659-60. VlSHER, S. S. 1954. Climatic atlas of the United States. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard Univ. Press, 403 pp. 1,031 maps. VOSBUBGH, F. G. 1950. Formosa—hot spot of the East. Nat. Geog. Mag., 117(2): 139-76.

WACHTLER, W. 1927. Schnecken als Raupenfeinde. Ent. Zeitschrift, 41(14): 289-90. WAGGE, L, E. 1952. Quantitative studies of calcium metabolism in Helix aspersa. Jour. Exp. Zool., 120:311-42. WAGNER, G... 1896. Uber die Verbreitung der Pilze durch Schnecken. Zeitschrift Pflanzen- krank., 6(3): 144-50. WAISMAN, H. A., AND ELVEHJEM, C. A. 1941. The vitamin content of meat. Minneapolis, Burgess Pub. Co., 210 pp. WANDOLLECK, B. 1898. Die Stethopathidae, eine neue fliigel-und schwingerlose Familie der Diptera. ZooL Jahrb., Syst., 11:412-39. WAKD, J. 1897. Vitality of the common snail. Nature, 20:363. WATERSCHOOT, H. F. 1933. De slakkenplaag in Kampong Soekaboemi. De Orchidee (Bandoeng), 2 (6): 147-48. WEBER, P. W. 1953. Recent liberations of beneficial insects in Hawaii. II. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc., 15(1): 127-30. 1954. Studies on the giant African snail. Ibid., 15(2): 363-67. BIBLIOGRAPHY 245 1956. Recent introductions for biological control in Hawaii. Ibid., 16(1): 162-64. WEEL, P. B. VAN 1948-49. Some notes on the African giant snail, Achatina fulica Fer. I. On its spread in the Asiatic tropics. II. On its economical significance. III. Observations on its biology. IV. On its biological balance and means of destruction. Ckronica Naturae, 104(8/9): 241-43, (10): 278-80, (12): 335-36; 105(1): 25-27. WEIE, J. R. 1929. Snails and pests, Rubber Res. Inst. Malaya, Ann. Rept., 1928:89. WENIG, K.5 AND HALACKA, K. 1948. Problem of the existence of the ascorbic acid in the snail (Helix pomatia). Ceskoslovenska Spolecnost Zoologicka. Vestnik, Prague, 12:231- ST. WETHEKBY, A. G. 1894. The land shells of Roan Mountain and vicinity, continued. Jour. Cin- cinnati Soc. Nat. Hist., 17(2): 69-77. WHITE, W. H. 1947. Economic importance of slugs and snails. Pest Control & Sanitation, 2(1): 16-17. WHITE, W. H., AND DAVIS, A. C. 1942. Land slugs and snails and their control. USDA, Farmers Bull. No. 1895, 8pp. WlBBEKLEY, L. 1951. All good citizens should mail a snail. Los Angeles Times, Sept. 12, 1951. WlGGLESWORTH, V. B. 1953. The principles of insect physiology (5th ed.). New York, E. P. Dutton & Co., 355 pp. WILD, S. V., AND LAWSON, A. K. 1937. Enemies of the land and freshwater mollusca of the British Isles. Jour. Conch., 20(12): 351-61. WILDE DE LIGNY, H. H. DE 1953. Giant snail in Manokwari. FAO, Plant Protection Bull., 1(4) :61. WILLIAMS, P. X. 1951. Life-history studies of East African Achatina snails. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard, 105(3): 295-317. 1953. Some natural enemies of snails of the genus Achatina in East Africa. Proc. Seventh Pac. Sci. Cong., 1949, 7(4): 277-78. WILLIAMS, J. W. 1889. On the meaning of the glycogenic function in the Mollusca. Jour. Conch., 6(1): 34-39. WILLIAMS, L. C. 1949. Enlightened Africa. Sci. Monthly, 68(3): 199-207. WlTKAMP, H. 1941. De agaatslak in Koetai. Tropische Natuur, 30(7): 105-8. WODZICKI, K. A. 1950. Introduced mammals of New Zealand. Wellington, N.Z., Dept of Sci. and Industrial Res., Bull. No. 98, 255 pp. WOGLUM, R. S. 1943. Control of snails in citrus orchards. Calif. Cult., 90:659. WONG, M. 1951. Kaneohe's fight against giant African snails. Hawaii Farm & Home, 14(8):26-28. 246 BIBLIOGRAPHY WOODWARD, S. P. 1880. A manual of the Mollusca, being a treatise on recent and fossil shells (4th ed.). London, Crosby Lockwood & Co., 542+86 pp. WRIGHT, C. E. 1909. Helix nemoralis eaten by rabbits. Jour. Conch., 12(10) :268. WURTZ, C. B. 1950. Something more than slow (snails—world travelers). Frontiers (Phila- delphia), 14(4): 101-3. WURTZ, C. B., AND GRAY, J. R. 1939. Intestinal bacteria of Polygyra albolabris (Say). Proc. Penn. Acad. Sci., 13:54r-57. YATSU, N. 1936. Achatina fulica. (In Japanese.) Dobutsugaku Zasshi ("Zoological Maga- zine"), 48(7):374. YONGE, C. M. 1956. Snail pest. Loris, 7:206-7. ZIMMERMAN, E. C. 1948. Insects of Hawaii. I. Introduction. Honolulu, Univ. of Hawaii Press. 206 pp. ZIMMERMAN, K. 1931. Wasseraufnahmefahigkeit von ausgetrockneten Eobania vermiculata. Archiv f. Molluskenkunde, 63(2): 85-86. ZUK, P. 1949. Achatina fulica (Fer.): An interesting interception from the Philippines. Museum and Art Notes, Art, Hist, and Sci. Assoc. Vancouver, B.C., 2dSer., 1(1): 34-35.