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GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION of MINERAL TYPE LOCALITIES Alexander A

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GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION of MINERAL TYPE LOCALITIES Alexander A #13a_evseev_en_0802:#13a_evseev_en_0802.qxd 21.05.2009 20:41 Page 113 New data on minerals. M.: 2003. Volume 38 113 UDC 549 (1) GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF MINERAL TYPE LOCALITIES Alexander A. Evseev Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, email: [email protected] An inventory of mineral type localities at which more than three new mineral species were discovered (nearly 200 sites over the world) has been compiled. Their geographical locations have been refined (the coordinates are presented) using the multimedia Microsoft Encarta2001 World Atlas. Examples of the earliest (regarding the year of the publication) and last finds of new minerals are presented for each of the type localities. These data can be used for expansion of museum collections at the expense of additions of type specimens. The place of discovery, or the type locality preceding a TL name is the number of new (TL), is obligatorily specified in publications on species discovered here; the data borrowed new minerals. However, the geographical loca- from the work by Pekov (2000) are asterisked. tion is commonly the least precise characteris- For each TL, examples of finds of new minerals tic in the descriptions of the finds. The geo- are provided from among the first (the year of graphical location of the finds determines their the publication is specified) and last ones. In scientific and collectional value and, therefore, addition to the type locality proper, the inven- it is of particular importance for large tory includes some districts 10–40 km across, worldclass museums that are interesting in if they incorporate several TL. It is obvious that standards of new minerals with their TL. comparing the objects in the number of new The interest to the type localities has begun species and in the mineral diversity, it is impor- to increase from the 1960s. For example, com- tant to take into account their sizes and sur- prehensive reviews of new minerals were roundings, since finds derived from type local- already present in summaries on mineralogy of ities different in name (or with different geo- Colorado (Eckel, 1961), Japan (Introduction..., graphical locations) can belong to one and the 1970), and other regions. In 1970, Embrey and same ore district, massif, and formation, or can Hey were the first to consider in detail the con- be located very nearly to each other. cept of type specimens (Embrey and Hey, In this respect, it is useful to compile maps of 1970). In the 1990s, the international project regions (or countries), showing the TL location was already being realized on compilation of (see below). However, this problem is difficult the Catalogue of Type Mineral Specimens to solve using ordinary geographical atlases, (CTMS); its parts were the work on Zair pub- maps 1:500000, and referencebooks on miner- lished in 1995 by M. Deliens and H.A. Stalder al deposits, since even many famous mineral and others. A preliminary inventory including type localities (Langban, Lengenbach, Ilima - reliable new mineral species etc. from the ussaq, etc.) are missing from them. The use of United States (arranged by the states) was com- the Encarta2001 World Atlas that contains piled by 1993 by V.T. King (remained unpub- 1.8 mil lions of geographical names facilitates lished). In 1998, Pekov published a summary the work, although the problem is not com- on new minerals from the former Soviet Union, pletely removed. Thus, the atlas does not con- the most comprehensive work among publica- tain some names (for example, Ilmeny = Ilme - tions on this subject. The first referencebook nskiye Mountains); on the other hand, it conta- where an effort was made to specify the TL for ins many names identical to each other, which each mineral species was probably the work by hampers the search. Nickel and Nichols (1991). The number of TL Thus, the name Panasqueira, Portugal, that mentioned in this referencebook exceeds is often encountered in mineralogical litera- 1500. Using the summaries by Nickel and ture, is repeated 7 times in Encarta2001. The Nichols, Pekov, and Mandarino (1997), as well sa me is true for Antisirabe, Madagascar (15 ti - as other works, I have compiled the present mes); Mooihoek, South Africa (6 times); and inventory of type localities where more than SareSang, Afghanistan (7 times, none of them three new mineral species were discovered being coincident with the famous lazurite (data are as of the late 1990s). deposit). The same problems persist with This inventory includes about 200 TL for respect to finds of new minerals, made in the which the geographical coordinates are pre- last few years. The TL of esperanzaite (the year sented with the use of the multimedia Mic - 2000) is La Esperanza, Durango, Mexico; but rosoft Encarta2001 World Atlas. The figures the atlas refers to three populated localities La #13a_evseev_en_0802:#13a_evseev_en_0802.qxd 21.05.2009 20:41 Page 114 114 New data on minerals. M.: 2003. Volume 38 Esperanza in this state. The TL of onite (1998), 9 – Barberton district \(25°48`S, 31°03`E), famous Tunaberg, is absent from the atlas, but Transvaal, South Africa \\1921trevorite there exists another point under the same (Bon Accord 282 JU);…1978nichromite name here. The TL of damiaoite (1997) is «the (Bon Accord 282 JU) village of Damiao, 270 km apart from Beijing»; 4 – Bastnas \Riddarhyttan (59°49`N, 15°33`E), the atlas refers to 6 villages under this name in Vastmanland, Sweden \\1841bastna- this region of China, but none of them is situat- site(Ce);…1921tornebohmite(Ce) (toe ed at the distance specified above. Another rnebo h mite(Ce)) problem is related to an existence of different 4 – Baveno \(45°55`N, 8°30`E), Piemonte, Italy versions (including distorted ones) of Russian \\* 1901bavenite; 1998scandio babin gto ni te transcriptions for geographical names of for- 12 – Bayan Obo = Bayin Obo \(41°46`N, eign localities (for example, for the Italian 109°58`E), Inner Mongolia, China names Leviglinani, Cetino, and Cerchiara). \\1959bafertisite;…1987baiyneboite(Ce) Incidentally, the name Cercharia is contained 10 – Bellerberg q. \SE of Ettringen, 2 km N of in Encarta2001, but the locality it specifies is Mayen (50°19`N, 7°13`E), Laacher See not the place where caoxite and mozartite were Area, Eifel, Germany \\1874ettringite; discovered. …1983eif e lite; 1999schaferite The correctness of the names and locations 4 – Bergen \(50°28`N, 12°16`E), 7 km W of is an individual issue (Evseev, 2000). Renamed Falkenstein, Saxony, Germany TL, different TL under the same name, different \\1877Uranocircite ;…1984Bergenite spelling versions of the names, and dissimilar 4 – Big Chief m. \[~5 km SE of] Keystone approaches to the location – all these compli- (43°53`N, 103°25`W), Pennington Co., So - cations make serious problems for many muse- uth Dakota, USA \\1974perlof- ums, collections, and publications. Signi fica - fite;…1984sinka nkasite nce of these problems can be estimated on the 8 – Big Creek and Rush Creek area \~8 km NE example of the inventory of 200 principal TL of Trimmer (36°54`N, 119°17 `W), Fresno which comprise only a share of a percent of the Co., California, USA \\1965fresnoite; total number of mineral localities. …2001 kampfite 4 – Big Fish River \(68°28`N, 136°30`W), Yukon, Canada \\1977maricite;… 1981wic ksi te Principal mineral type localities 9 – Big Fish River and Rapid Creek (see below) (area) \Yukon, Canada \\1976bari ci te; Abbreviations: …1986rapidcreekite (Dst.) district, area; 30 – Binntal = Binnental = Val di Binn \E of (Co.) county; Binn (46°22`N, 8°10`E), Valais (= Wallis), (m.) mine; Switzerland (finds in area 6 х 6 km, includ- (Mf.) massif; ing Cherbadung (= Pizzo Cervandone, (Q.) quarry; Italy)) \\1845dufrenoysite;…1994fetiasite (N) north, northern latitude; (Gorb); 1998graeserite(Monte Leone thrust) (S) south, southern latitude; 5 – Bisbee \(31°26`N, 109°55`W) (area), Co - (W) west, western longitude; chise Co., Arizona, USA \\1891paramela- (E) east, eastern longitude. conite;…1983henryite 22 – Black Hills \ (area 160 х 88 km); pegma - 9 – Alsar \5 km NE from Rozden (41°11`N, 21° tites of area of Custer (43°46`N, 103°36`W) 57`E), F.Y.R.O. Macedonia \\1894loran- and Keystone (43°53`N, 103°25`W); Pen - dite;…1989bernardite; 1994dorallcharite nin gton\ Custer Co., South Dakota, USA 5 – Baia Sprie \ (47°39`N, 23°40`E), Romania \\1891griphite;…1989para robertsite \\1853felsobanyaite (fel- 7 – Bon Accord \15 km NE from Barberton sobanyite);…1929klebelsbergite (25°48`S, 31°03`E) Distr., Transvaal, South 5 – Baita Bihorului \[=Baita: 46°29`N, 22°34`E], Africa \\1921trevorite;…1978nichromite Romania \\1861szaibely ite; …1985 5 – Bou Azzer \(30°31`N, 6°54`W), Morocco padera ite; 1994makovickyite \\1956smolianinovite;…1987wendwilso ni te 5 – Bambolla m. \Moctezuma (29°48`N, 9 – Branchville \ about 6 km E of Redding 109°41`W), Sonora, Mexico \\1972bam- (41°18`N, 73°23`W, Fairfield Co., Con necti - bollaite;…1989cervelleite c ut, USA \\1878eosphorite;…1880eucryp ti te 7 – Bambollita (=La Oriental) m. \Mo cte - 12 – Broken Hill \(31°58`S, 141°28`E), New zuma (29°48`N, 109°41`W), Sonora, Mexi - South Wales, Australia \\1892marshi te; co \\1973 quetzalcoatlite;…1979tlapallite …1992 segnitite; Sutherland F.L., 2000 #13a_evseev_en_0802:#13a_evseev_en_0802.qxd 21.05.2009 20:41 Page 115 Geographical Location of Mineral Type Localities 115 Basic type localities of Kola Peninsula, Russia Fig. 1. Fig. #13a_evseev_en_0802:#13a_evseev_en_0802.qxd 21.05.2009 20:41 Page 116 116 New data on minerals. M.: 2003. Volume 38 5 – Buca della Vena m. \Stazzema (43°59`N, 9 – Death Valley \(area ~130 х 15 km), Inyo 10°18`E), Tuscany, Italy \\1979apua ni te; Co., California, USA \\1883colemanite …1997dessauite; 1999scainiite (Furnace Creek, 512 km NW of Ryan 4 – Bultfontein m.
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