Vegetation Impact Assessment
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The Importance of Livelihood Strategy and Ethnicity
Ecosystem Services 40 (2019) 101000 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ecosystem Services journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecoser The importance of livelihood strategy and ethnicity in forest ecosystem T services’ perceptions by local communities in north-western Cameroon ⁎ Aida Cuni-Sancheza,b, , Alain Senghor K. Ngutec, Bonaventure Sonkéd, Moses Nsanyi Saingee, Neil D. Burgessf,g, Julia A. Kleinb, Rob Marchanta a York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Department of Environment and Geography, Wentworth Way, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NG, UK b Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1476, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA c Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit, Dschang School of Sciences and Technology, University of Dschang, Cameroon d Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon e Tropical Plant Exploration Group (TroPEG) Cameroon, P.O. Box 18, Mundemba, Cameroon f Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark g UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Center (UNEP-WCMC), 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, UK ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Human culture has an important influence on how forests are utilised, yet its influence on ecosystem service(ES) Socio-cultural assessment use and valuation remains underexplored. We address this gap by investigating how livelihood strategy and Montane forests ethnicity affect local peoples’ perceptions of forest ES in Cameroon. Data were collected through 20focus-group Place attachment discussions in villages of farmers (Oku and Banso) and pastoralists (Fulani) in two mountains. Forest use Pastoralists identified fewer ES than farmers, and used some ES differently (e.g. -
Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae)
The pollination and scent ecology of selected Cape milkweeds (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) Yolanda Tendai Chirango THESIS Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Sciences (Biological Sciences) March 2017 University of Cape Town Supervised by: J. J. Midgely, S-L. Steenhuisen and A. Shuttleworth The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town !!! Name:!Yolanda!Tendai!Chirango! Student!Number:!CHRYOL001! Course:!BIO5010W! !!! !!! Declaration!! !!! I!know!that!plagiarism!is!wrong.!Plagiarism!is!to!use!another’s!work!and!pretend! that!it!is!one’s!own.!! Each!contribution!to,!and!quotation!in,!this!Master’s!Thesis!from!the!work(s)!of! other!people!has!been!attributed,!and!has!been!cited!and!referenced.!! !!! This!thesis!is!my!own!work.!! ! I!have!not!allowed,!and!will!not!allow,!anyone!to!copy!my!work!with!the!intention!of! passing!it!off!as!his!or!her!own!work.!! !!! !!! Signature!______________________________!! Date!___________________13!March!2017_______________!! ! ! 2! ! Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................... 5 Dedication ..................................................................................................................... -
(Asteraceae): a Relict Genus of Cichorieae?
Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid Vol. 65(2): 367-381 julio-diciembre 2008 ISSN: 0211-1322 Warionia (Asteraceae): a relict genus of Cichorieae? by Liliana Katinas1, María Cristina Tellería2, Alfonso Susanna3 & Santiago Ortiz4 1 División Plantas Vasculares, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] 2 Laboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. [email protected] 3 Instituto Botánico de Barcelona, Pg. del Migdia s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain. [email protected] 4 Laboratorio de Botánica, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain. [email protected] Abstract Resumen Katinas, L., Tellería, M.C., Susanna, A. & Ortiz, S. 2008. Warionia Katinas, L., Tellería, M.C., Susanna, A. & Ortiz, S. 2008. Warionia (Asteraceae): a relict genus of Cichorieae? Anales Jard. Bot. Ma- (Asteraceae): un género relicto de Cichorieae? Anales Jard. Bot. drid 65(2): 367-381. Madrid 65(2): 367-381 (en inglés). The genus Warionia, with its only species W. saharae, is endemic to El género Warionia, y su única especie, W. saharae, es endémico the northwestern edge of the African Sahara desert. This is a some- del noroeste del desierto africano del Sahara. Es una planta seme- what thistle-like aromatic plant, with white latex, and fleshy, pin- jante a un cardo, aromática, con látex blanco y hojas carnosas, nately-partite leaves. Warionia is in many respects so different from pinnatipartidas. Warionia es tan diferente de otros géneros de any other genus of Asteraceae, that it has been tentatively placed Asteraceae que fue ubicada en las tribus Cardueae, Cichorieae, in the tribes Cardueae, Cichorieae, Gundelieae, and Mutisieae. -
Nuclear and Plastid DNA Phylogeny of the Tribe Cardueae (Compositae
1 Nuclear and plastid DNA phylogeny of the tribe Cardueae 2 (Compositae) with Hyb-Seq data: A new subtribal classification and a 3 temporal framework for the origin of the tribe and the subtribes 4 5 Sonia Herrando-Morairaa,*, Juan Antonio Callejab, Mercè Galbany-Casalsb, Núria Garcia-Jacasa, Jian- 6 Quan Liuc, Javier López-Alvaradob, Jordi López-Pujola, Jennifer R. Mandeld, Noemí Montes-Morenoa, 7 Cristina Roquetb,e, Llorenç Sáezb, Alexander Sennikovf, Alfonso Susannaa, Roser Vilatersanaa 8 9 a Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s.n., 08038 Barcelona, Spain 10 b Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB) – Associated Unit to CSIC, Departament de 11 Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de 12 Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra, Spain 13 c Key Laboratory for Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, 14 Chengdu, China 15 d Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA 16 e Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine), FR- 17 38000 Grenoble, France 18 f Botanical Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, PO Box 7, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, 19 Finland; and Herbarium, Komarov Botanical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov str. 20 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia 21 22 *Corresponding author at: Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC-ICUB), Pg. del Migdia, s. n., ES- 23 08038 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail address: [email protected] (S. Herrando-Moraira). 24 25 Abstract 26 Classification of the tribe Cardueae in natural subtribes has always been a challenge due to the lack of 27 support of some critical branches in previous phylogenies based on traditional Sanger markers. -
Pesticidal Plants
Pesticidal Plants • Philip C. • Philip Stevenson, R. Steven Belmain and Murray B. Isman Pesticidal Plants From Smallholder Use to Commercialisation Edited by Philip C. Stevenson, Steven R. Belmain and Murray B. Isman Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Plants www.mdpi.com/journal/plants Pesticidal Plants Pesticidal Plants From Smallholder Use to Commercialisation Special Issue Editors Philip C. Stevenson Steven R. Belmain Murray B. Isman MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editors Philip C. Stevenson Steven R. Belmain Murray B. Isman University of Greenwich University of Greenwich University of British Columbia UK UK Canada Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Plants (ISSN 2223-7747) from 2019 to 2020 (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/plants/special issues/Pesticidal). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03928-788-8 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03928-789-5 (PDF) Cover image courtesy of Philip C. Stevenson. c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. -
Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) ⁎ A
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Available online at www.sciencedirect.com South African Journal of Botany 75 (2009) 689–698 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb New records of insect pollinators for South African asclepiads (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) ⁎ A. Shuttleworth, S.D. Johnson School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa Received 1 April 2009; received in revised form 21 July 2009; accepted 27 July 2009 Abstract Studies of pollination in southern African asclepiads (aside from the stapeliads and members of the genus Ceropegia) are remarkably scarce given the diversity of asclepiad species in the region. In this study, we report new observations of insect flower visitors and their pollen loads for 15 species of South African asclepiads in the genera Asclepias, Aspidoglossum, Miraglossum, Pachycarpus, Periglossum, Woodia and Xysmalobium. Nectar properties are also presented for some species. Four specialized pollination systems are suggested by these observations: (1) pollination by wasps in the genus Hemipepsis (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in eight species, (2) pollination by chafer beetles (Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) in three species, (3) pollination by honeybees, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in two species, and (4) pollination by flies from various families in one species. The pollination system of Asclepias crispa remains unclear but appears to be one of generalized insect pollination. Future research is likely to confirm the preponderance of specialized pollination systems within this group of plants in southern Africa. © 2009 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. -
Genetic Diversity and Evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae)
Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr M.E. Schranz Professor of Biosystematics Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr P.C. Struik, Wageningen University Dr N. Kilian, Free University of Berlin, Germany Dr R. van Treuren, Wageningen University Dr M.J.W. Jeuken, Wageningen University This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences. Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Monday 25 January 2016 at 1.30 p.m. in the Aula. Zhen Wei Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) - from phylogeny to molecular breeding, 210 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2016) With references, with summary in Dutch and English ISBN 978-94-6257-614-8 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 7 Chapter 2 Phylogenetic relationships within Lactuca L. (Asteraceae), including African species, based on chloroplast DNA sequence comparisons* 31 Chapter 3 Phylogenetic analysis of Lactuca L. and closely related genera (Asteraceae), using complete chloroplast genomes and nuclear rDNA sequences 99 Chapter 4 A mixed model QTL analysis for salt tolerance in -
NUMBERED TREE SPECIES LIST in SOUTH AFRICA CYATHEACEAE 1 Cyathea Dregei 2 Cyathea Capensis Var. Capensis ZAMIACEAE 3 Encephalart
NUMBERED TREE SPECIES LIST IN SOUTH AFRICA 23 Hyphaene coriacea CYATHEACEAE 24 Hyphaene petersiana 1 Cyathea dregei 25 Borassus aethiopum 2 Cyathea capensis var. capensis 26 Raphia australis 27 Jubaeopsis caffra ZAMIACEAE 3 Encephalartos altensteinii ASPHODELACEAE 3.1 Encephalartos eugene-maraisii 28 Aloe barberae 3.2 Encephalartos arenarius 28.1 Aloe arborescens 3.3 Encephalartos brevifoliolatus 28.2 Aloe africana 3.4 Encephalartos ferox 28.3 Aloe alooides 4 Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi 28.4 Aloe angelica 5 Encephalartos ghellinckii 28.5 Aloe candelabrum 5.1 Encephalartos inopinus 28.6 Aloe castanea 5.2 Encephalartos lanatus 28.7 Aloe comosa 6 Encephalartos laevifolius 28.8 Aloe excelsa var. excelsa 7 Encephalartos latifrons 29 Aloe dichotoma 8 Encephalartos senticosus 29.1 Aloe dolomitica 8.1 Encephalartos lehmannii 29.2 Aloe ferox 9 Encephalartos longifolius 29.3 Aloe khamiesensis 10 Encephalartos natalensis 29.4 Aloe littoralis 11 Encephalartos paucidentatus 29.5 Aloe marlothii subsp. marlothii 12 Encephalartos princeps 29.6 Aloe plicatilis 12.5 Encephalartos relictus 29.7 Aloe marlothii subsp. orientalis 13 Encephalartos transvenosus 30 Aloe pillansii 14 Encephalartos woodii 30.1 Aloe pluridens 14.1 Encephalartos heenanii 30.2 Aloe ramosissima 14.2 Encephalartos dyerianus 30.3 Aloe rupestris 14.3 Encephalartos middelburgensis 30.4 Aloe spicata 14.4 Encephalartos dolomiticus 30.5 Aloe speciosa 14.5 Encephalartos aemulans 30.6 Aloe spectabilis 14.6 Encephalartos hirsutus 30.7 Aloe thraskii 14.7 Encephalartos msinganus 14.8 Encephalartos -
Chapter One 1.0 Introduction and Background to The
CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Loganiaceae is a family of flowering plants classified in the Order Gentianales (Bendre, 1975). The family was first suggested by Robert Brown in 1814 and validly published by von Martius in 1827 (Nicholas and Baijnath, 1994). Members habits are in form of trees, shrubs, woody climbers and herbs. Some are epiphytes while some members are furnished with spines or tendrils (Bendre, 1975). They are distributed mainly in the tropics, subtropics and a few in temperate regions (Backlund et al., 2000). Earlier treatments of the family have included up to 30 genera, 600 species (Leeuwenberg and Leenhouts, 1980; Mabberley, 1997) but were later reduced to 400 species in 15 genera, with some species extending into temperate Australia and North America (Struwe et al., 1994; Dunlop, 1996; Backlund and Bremer, 1998). Morphological studies have demonstrated that this broadly defined Loganiaceae was a polyphyletic assemblage and numerous genera have been removed from it to other families (sometimes to other Orders), e.g. Gentianaceae, Gelsemiaceae, Plocospermataceae, Tetrachondraceae, Buddlejaceae, and Gesneriaceae (Backlund and Bremer, 1998; Backlund et al., 2000). The family has undergone numerous revisions that have expanded and contracted its circumscription, ranging from one genus at its smallest (Takhtajan, 1997; Smith et al., 1997) to 30 at its largest (Leeuwenberg and Leenhouts, 1980). One of the current infrafamilial classifications contains four tribes: Antonieae Endl., Loganieae Endl., Spigelieae Dum. (monotypic), and Strychneae Dum. (Struwe et al., 1994). The tribes Loganieae and Antonieae are supported by molecular data, but Strychneae is not (Backlund et al., 2000). -
SABONET Report No 18
ii Quick Guide This book is divided into two sections: the first part provides descriptions of some common trees and shrubs of Botswana, and the second is the complete checklist. The scientific names of the families, genera, and species are arranged alphabetically. Vernacular names are also arranged alphabetically, starting with Setswana and followed by English. Setswana names are separated by a semi-colon from English names. A glossary at the end of the book defines botanical terms used in the text. Species that are listed in the Red Data List for Botswana are indicated by an ® preceding the name. The letters N, SW, and SE indicate the distribution of the species within Botswana according to the Flora zambesiaca geographical regions. Flora zambesiaca regions used in the checklist. Administrative District FZ geographical region Central District SE & N Chobe District N Ghanzi District SW Kgalagadi District SW Kgatleng District SE Kweneng District SW & SE Ngamiland District N North East District N South East District SE Southern District SW & SE N CHOBE DISTRICT NGAMILAND DISTRICT ZIMBABWE NAMIBIA NORTH EAST DISTRICT CENTRAL DISTRICT GHANZI DISTRICT KWENENG DISTRICT KGATLENG KGALAGADI DISTRICT DISTRICT SOUTHERN SOUTH EAST DISTRICT DISTRICT SOUTH AFRICA 0 Kilometres 400 i ii Trees of Botswana: names and distribution Moffat P. Setshogo & Fanie Venter iii Recommended citation format SETSHOGO, M.P. & VENTER, F. 2003. Trees of Botswana: names and distribution. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 18. Pretoria. Produced by University of Botswana Herbarium Private Bag UB00704 Gaborone Tel: (267) 355 2602 Fax: (267) 318 5097 E-mail: [email protected] Published by Southern African Botanical Diversity Network (SABONET), c/o National Botanical Institute, Private Bag X101, 0001 Pretoria and University of Botswana Herbarium, Private Bag UB00704, Gaborone. -
Systematics of Geophytic Othonna (Senecioneae, Othonninae)
Systematics of geophytic Othonna (Senecioneae, Othonninae) by Simon Luvo Magoswana Dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER SCIENTIAE in BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY in the FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCE at the UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE SUPERVISOR: PROF. J.S. BOATWRIGHT CO-SUPERVISOR: PROF. J.C. MANNING CO-SUPERVISOR: DR A.R. MAGEE NOVEMBER 2017 i University of the Western Cape Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa Telephone: ++27-21- 959 2255/959 2762 Fax: ++27-21- 959 1268/2266 FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCE PLAGIARISM DECLARATION TO BE INCLUDED IN ALL ASSIGNMENTS, THESIS PROPOSALS ETC, BE IT FOR MARKS OR NOT: I…..Simon Luvo Magoswana………………….……………………………………………………… Student number……2934742…………………..declare that the attached dissertation entitled…..Systematics of geophytic Othonna (Senecioneae, Othonninae)……is my own work and that all the sources I have quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. Signed this day ……10…………… of ……November…….. 2017….. at ……Bellville…………... --------------------------------- Signature ii TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY................................................................................................................................vi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................1 1.1 Aims of the study…………………………………………...……………………….6 CHAPTER 2 MATERIAL AND METHODS..............................................................................7 2.1 Herbarium -
Ethnopharmacological Study of Native Medicinal Plants and the Impact Of
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Ethnopharmacological study of native medicinal plants and the impact of pastoralism on their loss in arid to semiarid ecosystems of southeastern Iran Mohsen Sharafatmandrad * & Azam Khosravi Mashizi The purpose of this study was to gather ethnopharmacological information on plants used by the pastorals of southeastern Iran. The relationships between ecological value of the plant species and ethnobotanical indices were investigated. The loss of medicinal plants and its efective factors were also determined under nomadism and sedentary pastoralism. Ethnopharmacological information of plants was collected through interviews with 85 local people including nomads (43%) and sedentary pastorals (57%). Ethnobotanical indices including relative frequency of citation (RFC), relative importance (RI), cultural value (CV), and use value (UV) were estimated. Canopy cover and density of plant species were measured at 60 sampling plots in the exclosure, nomadic rangelands and sedentary pastorals rangelands. The Importance Value Index (IVI) and Relative Loss Index (RL) were estimated for both nomadic and sedentary pastoral rangelands. Pearson correlation coefcient was used to investigate the relationship between ethnobotanical indices and IVI of plant species. The Bayesian networks was used to investigate the relationship between ethnobotanical indices and plant species loss. In total, 156 medicinal plant species of 50 families were identifed in the region by locals. Positive correlation was observed between ethnobotanical indices (RFC and RI) and ecological index (IVI). The mean decline of the ecological importance of medicinal species in sedentary pastoral rangelands was approximately three times higher than in nomadic rangelands. Bayesian networks showed that cultural value, seed exploitation and aerial parts exploitation had direct relationships with species loss in both nomadic and sedentary pastoral rangelands.