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Lista Revisada De Los Mamíferos De Argentina

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Lista Revisada De Los Mamíferos De Argentina Mastozoología Neotropical, 25(1):163-198, Mendoza, 2018 Copyright ©SAREM, 2018 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 http://www.sarem.org.ar https://doi.org/10.31687/saremMN.18.25.1.0.15 http://www.sbmz.com.br Artículo LISTA REVISADA DE LOS MAMÍFEROS DE ARGENTINA Pablo Teta1, 5, Agustín M. Abba2, 5, Guillermo H. Cassini1, 3, 5, David A. Flores4 ,5, Carlos A. Galliari2, 5, Sergio O. Lucero1, 5 y Mariano Ramírez1, 5 1 División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Correspondencia: Pablo Teta <[email protected]>] 2 Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Argentina. 3 Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 4 Instituto de Vertebrados, Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET- Fundación Miguel Lillo), Tucumán, Argentina. 5 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina. RESUMEN. Se presenta una lista revisada de los mamíferos de Argentina, incorporando los cambios taxonómi- cos recientes y los nuevos registros para el país producidos desde la publicación de un listado previo en 2006. Se registraron 409 especies nativas, correspondientes a 181 géneros, 46 familias y 12 órdenes, más 23 especies introducidas con poblaciones silvestres. ABSTRACT. Revised checklist of mammals from Argentina. We present a revised checklist of the mammals of Argentina, incorporating recent taxonomical changes and new records of mammals for the country produced since the publication of a previous list in 2006. We recordered 409 native species, corresponding to 181 genera, 46 families and 12 orders, plus 23 introduced taxa with wild populations. Palabras clave: América del Sur. Lista de especies. Mammalia. Taxonomía. Key words. Checklist. Mammalia. South America. Taxonomy. INTRODUCCIÓN y la comunicación entre distintos actores, sino que a su vez sirve de base para la realización de La taxonomía es una disciplina dinámica, donde otro tipo de estudios (e.g., análisis de riqueza, nuevas aproximaciones generan con frecuencia endemismo, etc.). Para la Argentina existen ajustes en las hipótesis sobre las relaciones listados previos de sus mamíferos (e.g., Galliari evolutivas entre distintos taxones (e.g., Padial et al. 1996; Ojeda et al. 2002), de los cuales el et al. 2010). Para que las clasificaciones taxo- más reciente tiene diez años (Barquez et al. nómicas reflejen este dinamismo, deben ser 2006). Durante ese lapso, se han incorporado actualizadas con cierta regularidad. En este nuevas especies al país (e.g., Akodon boliviensis, contexto, contar con un listado de referencia Andalgalomys pearsoni) y se han producido no solo facilita el intercambio de información cambios significativos en la taxonomía de al- Recibido 12 enero 2017. Aceptado 23 octubre 2017. Editor asociado: E Palma 164 Mastozoología Neotropical, 25(1):163-198, Mendoza, 2018 P. Teta et al. http://www.sarem.org.ar - http://www.sbmz.com.br gunos grupos (e.g., Didelphidae; Voss & Jansa ignitus, Dusicyon avus) o potencialmente extintas 2009; Sigmodontinae; Teta et al. 2016a, Pardiñas en la Argentina (e.g., Bradypus variegatus, Pteronura et al. 2015a; b). brasiliensis) en tiempos históricos (últimos 500 años). La lista que se presenta en este trabajo tiene Solo se incluyeron aquellas especies que cuentan con como principal objetivo ofrecer una síntesis registros documentados, dejando de lado taxones de presencia hipotética o probable en el país. Por de los cambios más recientes en la sistemática separado, se presenta una lista de los mamíferos de los mamíferos de la República Argentina. introducidos que incluye a las especies exóticas con Se pretende que esta actualización sea espe- una o más poblaciones silvestres documentadas en cialmente útil para aquellos investigadores, fecha reciente (Chebez & Rodríguez, 2014). Para estudiantes, naturalistas y funcionarios invo- un mayor detalle de los mamíferos exóticos en lucrados en el estudio y conservación de este Argentina, incluyendo las especies domésticas y las grupo de la fauna. no aclimatadas, véase Chebez & Rodríguez (2014) y Lizarralde (2016). MÉTODOS La lista que sigue a continuación fue elaborada a RESULTADOS partir de aquella propuesta por Bárquez et al. (2006), La secuencia de especies sigue mayormente a con modificaciones de acuerdo a contribuciones Barquez et al. (2006), excepto por los cambios posteriores. Las adiciones a la fauna de mamíferos de taxonómicos que se sintetizan a continuación. Argentina y los cambios taxonómicos se discuten por separado, antes del listado, con sus correspondientes A. Especies nativas: referencias. El número de notas ha sido reducido al mínimo, por lo cual se recomienda consultar otras Microbiotheria obras para tener un panorama más amplio de las problemáticas taxonómicas que aún persisten hacia Microbiotheriidae: el interior de algunos grupos. Por ejemplo, para el orden Rodentia, que incluye casi la mitad de las Dromiciops: el género fue revisado por D’Elía especies documentadas para Argentina, se siguió et al. (2016), que elevaron de una a tres el nú- el esquema propuesto por Patton et al. (2015), mero de especies reconocidas, describiendo dos señalando en las notas únicamente los cambios taxones nuevos para la ciencia, D. bozinovici y ocurridos desde la publicación de aquella obra. D. mondaca (exclusivo de Chile). De acuerdo Un comentario similar es válido para los distintos con la información presentada por esos autores, órdenes de marsupiales, quirópteros y xenartros con en Argentina D. gliroides se distribuye en el relación a la obra editada por Gardner (2008). Para noroeste de Chubut y oeste de Río Negro, y facilitar la búsqueda de nombres utilizados en las dos listas previas más recientes (i.e., Galliari et al. D. bozinovici en el sudoeste de Neuquén. Más 1996; Barquez et al. 2006; véase la Tabla S1 para recientemente, Valladares-Gómez et al. (2017), una síntesis), especialmente para aquellos lectores mediante estudios de morfometría geométrica no entrenados en problemáticas taxonómicas, se en tres dimensiones, no apoyan la validez de las incluyó una tabla que sintetiza las diferencias entre nuevas especies, optando por mantener la mo- esas contribuciones y el presente trabajo (Tabla S2). notipia del género. Sin embargo, estos autores Para todas las especies se indican la familia y el solo indican que dos de las tres especies serían orden. El uso de otras categorías, ya sean supra- (e.g., similares morfométricamente, pero sin tener tribu, superfamilia, superorden, infraorden, etc.) o en cuenta que estas mismas especies difieren infragenéricas (e.g., subgénero), ha sido ecléctico a en varios rasgos cráneo-dentarios cualitativos lo largo del texto y ha respondido tanto a los usos (D’Elía et al. 2016), así como genéticamente más frecuentes como a un intento por reflejar los patrones jerárquicos de las relaciones filogenéticas (Himes et al. 2008). En este listado optamos por en aquellos grupos más especiosos (e.g., hasta tribus mantener el esquema taxonómico propuesto para murciélagos Phyllostomidae o para roedores por D’Elía et al. (2016), por considerar que Sigmodontinae). es el que mejor se ajusta con las evidencias El presente listado incluye a las especies vivien- disponibles y hasta tanto esta problemática no tes y las consideradas extintas (e.g., Cryptonanus sea abordada más integrativamente. LISTA REVISADA DE LOS MAMÍFEROS DE ARGENTINA 165 Didelphimorphia Thylamyini: Didelphidae: Gracilinanus: un registro para este género en la provincia de Misiones ha sido referido El arreglo taxonómico para esta familia sigue por Teta et al. (2007) como perteneciente a a Voss & Jansa (2009). G. microtarsus (Wagner, 1842). La inspección Marmosini: de nuevos especímenes para esa provincia, más la revisión de ejemplares del este de Pa- Monodelphis: el esquema taxonómico para este raguay —confirmados molecularmente como género sigue a Pavan & Voss (2016), quienes G. agilis (Burmeister, 1854), pero morfológi- proponen su subdivisión en cinco subgéneros, camente similares a los de Misiones—, instan de los cuales tres están presentes en Argentina. a reconsiderar la situación taxonómica de las Los registros para la Argentina de colicortos de poblaciones en Argentina. Preliminarmente, y tres rayas han sido tradicionalmente referidos ante esta incertidumbre, optamos por el uso como M. iheringi o M. americana (Müller, de una taxonomía abierta. 1776) (e. g., Flores 2006), pero según Duda & Thylamys( Thylamys): T. bruchi [también referi- Costa (2015) ninguna de las dos especies esta- da en la literatura como T. pulchellus (Cabrera, ría presente en este país. En efecto, evidencias 1934)] y T. citellus fueron consideradas como moleculares y morfológicas sugieren que en especies válidas por Martin (2008), Teta et al. todos los casos documentados se trataría de (2009) y Palma et al. (2014), pero incluidas en confusiones con juveniles de M. (Microdelphys) la sinonimia de T. pusillus (Desmarest, 1804) scalops (S. Pavan, com. pers.). Mantenemos por Giarla et al. (2010); sobre la potencial provisoriamente a esta especie en la lista a sinonimia entre T. bruchi y T. pulchellus véase la espera de evidencias publicadas que per- Giarla et al. (2010). Thylamys fenestraefue con- mitan descartarla o confirmarla para el país. siderada como una especie válida por Martin Monodelphis sorex (Hensel, 1872) fue incluido (2008, 2009), pero incluida en la sinonimia en la sinonimia de M. dimidiata por Vilela et de T. pallidior por autores posteriores (e.g., al.
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