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Table 1. Regional Distribution of Aquatic and Semi-Aquatic Mammals

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Table 1. Regional Distribution of Aquatic and Semi-Aquatic Mammals Table 1. Regional distribution of aquatic and semi-aquatic mammals. Where applicable, endemism has been noted and refers to geographical constraint and relative range limitation of species within a specific region. Species are listed taxonomically down to order, and then alphabetically through family, genus and species. Where scientific names are in bold, regional distributions of subspecies have been included in a separate subspecies table in Table 2 Order Family Scientific name Common name Regions References Africa Asia Australasia Europe North South America America Monotremata Ornithorhynchidae Ornithorhynchus Duck-billed platypus (Kolomyjec, 2010; anatinus Pasitschniak-Arts & Marinelli, 1998) Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Chironectes Water opossum (Wilson, 2005) minimus Afrosoricida Tenrecidae Limnogale mergulus Web-footed tenrec (IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., 2008) Endemic to Madagascar Micropotamogale Nimba otter shrew (IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., lamottei 2008) Endemic to West Africa M. ruwenzorii Rwenzori otter shrew (IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., 2008) Endemic to central Africa Potamogale velox Giant otter shrew (Veron et al., 2008) Sirenia Trichechidae Trichechus inunguis Amazonian/South (IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013; American manatee Reeves et al., 2002; Rosas, 1994) Amazon basin T. manatus West Indian manatee (Committee on Taxonomy, 2014; Domning, 1981; IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013; Reeves et al., 2002) T. senegalensis West African manatee (IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013; Reeves et al., 2002) West Africa Rodentia Capromyidae Mesocapromys Cabrera’s hutia (Veron et al., 2008) angelcabrerai M. auritus Large eared hutia (Veron et al., 2008) M. nanus Dwarf hutia (Veron et al., 2008) M. sanfelipensis Little earth hutia (Veron et al., 2008) Castoridae Castor canadensis North American beaver (Jenkins & Busher, 1979; Macdonald, 2006) C. fiber Eurasian beaver (Halley & Rosell, 2003; IUCN, 2013; Macdonald, 2006; Rosell et al., 2005) Caviidae Hydrochoerus Capybara (Mones & Ojasti, 1986) hydrochaeris H. isthmius Lesser capybara (IUCN, 2013; Mones & Ojasti, 1986) NW Cricetidae Amphinectomys Ucayali water rat (IUCN, 2013; Musser & savamis Carleton, 2005; Solari, 2007) Peru Anotomys leander Ecuador fish-eating rat (IUCN, 2013; Musser & Carleton, 2005; Voss, 1988) Endemic to Ecuador Arvicola amphibius European water vole (Shenbrot & Krasnov, 2005) A. sapidus South western/ (Desclaux et al., 2000) southern water vole A. Scherman Montane water vole (IUCN, 2013; Musser & Carleton, 2005) Chibchanomys orcesi Las cajas ichthyomyine (Barnett, 1999; Jenkins & Barnett, 1997) Endemic to Ecuador C. trichotis Chibchan water mouse (Musser & Carleton, 2005; Voss, 1988; Wilson, 2005) Holochilus brasiliensis Web-footed marsh rat (IUCN, 2013; Musser & Carleton, 2005; Voss, 1988; Wilson, 2005) H. chacarius Chaco marsh rat (IUCN, 2013; Musser & Carleton, 2005; Wilson, 2005) H. sciureus Marsh rat (Barreto & García-Rangel, 2005; IUCN, 2013; Musser & Carleton, 2005) Ichthyomys Crab-eating rat (Eisenberg & Redford, 1999; hydrobates Musser & Carleton, 2005) I. pittieri Pittier's crab-eating rat (IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., 2008; Wilson, 2005) Endemic to Venezuela I. stolzmanni Stolzmann's crab- (IUCN, 2013; Pacheco & eating rat Ugarte-Núñez, 2011; Wilson, 2005) I. tweedii Tweedy's crab-eating (IUCN, 2013; Reid, 1997; Voss, rat 1988; Wilson, 2005) Lundomys molitor Lund’s amphibious rat (Eisenberg & Redford, 1999; IUCN, 2013) Nectomys apicalis Western Amazonian (Anderson, 1997; IUCN, 2013; nectomys Musser & Carleton, 2005; Wilson, 2005) N. magdalenae Magdalena Nectomys (Bonvicino et al., 2005; IUCN, 2013; Wilson, 2005) Endemic to north Colombia N. palmipes Trinidad water rat (Musser & Carleton, 2005) N. rattus Small-footed bristly (Bonvicino et al., 2005) mouse N. squamipes South American water (Ernest, 1986; IUCN, 2013; rat Wilson, 2005) Neofiber alleni Round-tailed muskrat (Birkenholz, 1972) Neusticomys ferreirai Ferreira’s fish-eating (IUCN, 2013; Percequillo et al., rat 2005; Wilson, 2005) Endemic to Mato Grosso, Brazil N. monticolus Montane fish-eating (Packer & Lee Jr, 2007) rat N. mussoi Musso's fish-eating rat (Veron et al., 2008) Endemic to Venezuela N. oyapocki Oyapock's fish-eating (Veron et al., 2008) rat N. peruviensis Peruvian fish-eating (IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., rat 2008; Wilson, 2005) Endemic to Peru N. venezuelae Venezuelan fish-eating (Wilson, 2005) rat Ondatra zibethicus Muskrat (Skyrienė & Paulauskas, 2013; Willner et al., 1980) Oryzomys couesi Coues's Rice Rat (Hershkovitz, 1987; Kirkpatrick & Cartwright, 1975; Platt et al., 2000; Reid, 1997; Wilson, 2005) O. dimidiatus Thomas's Rice Rat (Hershkovitz, 1970; IUCN, 2013; Musser & Carleton, 2005; Reid, 1997; Wilson, 2005) Endemic to Nicaragua O. gorgasi Gorgas's rice rat (Hershkovitz, 1971; Sanchez et al., 2001) O. palustris Marsh rice rat (Hershkovitz, 1971; Wolfe, 1982) Rheomys mexicanus Mexican water mouse (IUCN, 2013; Santos-Moreno et al., 2003; Wilson, 2005) Endemic to Oaxaca, México R. raptor Goldman’s water (Hooper, 1968; Reid, 1997*; mouse Wilson, 2005) R. thomasi Thomas’s water mouse (Owen & Girón, 2012; Reid, 1997*; Wilson, 2005) R. underwoodi Underwood’s water (Reid, 1997*; Wilson, 2005) mouse Scapteromys Argentine swamp rat (Bonvicino et al., 2013; D'Elía & aquaticus Pardiñas, 2004; Wilson, 2005) S. tumidus Swamp rat (D'Elía & Pardiñas, 2004; Wilson, 2005) Sigmodontomys alfari Alfaro's rice water rat (IUCN, 2013; Wilson, 2005) Muridae Colomys goslingi African wading rat (IUCN, 2013; Wilson, 2005) Nilopegamys Ethiopian amphibious (Wilson, 2005; Yalden et al., plumbeus rat 1996) Myocastoridae Myocastor coypus Coypu or nutria (Woods et al., 1992) Thryonomyidae Thryonomys Lesser cane rat (Skinner & Chimimba, 2005; gregorianus Wilson, 2005) T. swinderianus Greater cane rat (Skinner & Smithers, 1990) Soricomorpha Soricidae Chimarrogale hantu Malayan water shrew (Hutterer, 2005; IUCN, 2013) C. himalayica Himalayan water (Hutterer, 2005; IUCN, 2013) shrew C. phaeura Bornean water shrew (IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., 2008) Endemic to Malaysia C. platycephalus Japanese water shrew (Abe et al., 2005; IUCN, 2013) Endemic to Honshu & Kyushu, Japan C. styani Chinese water shrew (Hoffmann & Lunde, 2008; IUCN, 2013; Wilson, 2005) C. sumatrana Sumatran water shrew (Veron et al., 2008; Wilson, 2005) Endemic to Indonesia Nectogale elegans Elegant water shrew (Chakraborty et al., 2004) Neomys anomalus Mediterranean water (Balčiauskas & Balčiauskenė, shrew 2012; IUCN, 2013; Spitzenberger, 1999*) N. fodiens Eurasian water shrew (Aloise et al., 2005; Churchfield, 2007; Duff & Lawson, 2004; IUCN, 2013) N. teres Transcaucasian water (Duff & Lawson, 2004; IUCN, shrew 2013; Krystufek et al., 2000) Sorex bendirii Pacific water shrew (Churchfield, 2007; IUCN, 2013; O'Neill et al., 2005; Veron et al., 2008) S. palustris American water shrew (Churchfield, 2007; IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., 2008) Talpidae Condylura cristata Star nosed mole (IUCN, 2013; Petersen & Yates, 1980) Desmana moschata Russian desman (Duff & Lawson, 2004; Wilson, 2005) Galemys Pyrenean desman (IUCN, 2013; Palmeirim & pyrenaicus Hoffmann, 1983; Wilson, 2005) Carnivora Canidae Speothos venaticus Bush dog (Beisiegel & Zuercher, 2005; de Oliveira, 2009; DeMatteo & Loiselle, 2008) Herpestidae Atilax paludinosus Marsh mongoose (Baker, 1992; IUCN, 2013; Wilson, 2005) Mustelidae Aonyx capensis African clawless otter (IUCN, 2013; Larivière, 2001a; Wilson, 2005) A. cinerea Asian small clawed (Hussain et al., 2011; IUCN, otter 2013; Pocock, 1941) A. congicus Congo clawless otter (IUCN, 2013; Larivière, 2001b; Wilson, 2005) Lontra canadensis North American otter (IUCN, 2013; Larivière & Walton, 1998) L. longicaudis South American river (IUCN, 2013; Larivière, 1999a; otter Maldonado & López González, 2003) L. provocax Southern river otter (IUCN, 2013; Larivière, 1999b; Wilson, 2005) Lutra lutra Eurasian otter (IUCN, 2013; Márcia Barbosa et al., 2003; Wilson, 2005) L. maculicollis Spotted necked otter (IUCN, 2013; Larivière, 2002) L. nippon (Wilson, 2005Imaizumi & Yoshiyuki, 1989) Japan L. sumatrana Hairy nosed otter (IUCN, 2013; Latifiana & Pickles, 2013; Poole, 2003; Wright et al., 2008) Endemic to south Asia Lutrogale Smooth coated otter (Acharya & Lamsal, 2010; perspicillata Hwang & Larivière, 2005; IUCN, 2013; Rais et al., 2009) Mustela lutreola European mink (IUCN, 2013; Youngman, 1990) Neovison vison American mink (IUCN, 2013; Larivière, 1999c) Pteronura Giant otter (Carter & Rosas, 1997; IUCN, brasiliensis 2013; Wilson, 2005) Phocidae Phoca vitulina Harbour, common seal (Committee on Taxonomy, 2014; IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013; Reeves et al., 2002) Pusa hispida Ringed seal (Committee on Taxonomy, 2014; IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013) P. sibirica Baikal seal (IUCN, 2013; Palo & Väinölä, 2006; Perrin, 2013; Reeves et Endemic al., 2002) to Lake Baikal Viverridae Cynogale bennettii Sunda otter civet (Cheyne et al., 2010; IUCN, 2013; Veron et al., 2006; Veron et al., 2008) Genetta piscivora Aquatic genet (IUCN, 2013; Van Rompaey, 1988) Endemic to the DR Congo Artiodactyla Hippopotamidae Choeropsis liberiensis Pygmy hippopotamus (Eltringham, 1993b; IUCN, 2013) Endemic to west Africa Hippopotamus Hippopotamus (Eltringham, 1993a; IUCN, amphibius 2013; Wilson, 2005) Cetacea Delphinidae Orcaella brevirostris Irrawaddy dolphin (Committee on Taxonomy, 2014; IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013; Wilson, 2005) Sotalia fluviatilis Tucuxi (Borobia et al., 1991; IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013; Reeves et al., 2002) Iniidae Inia boliviensis Bolivian bufeo (IUCN, 2013; Perrin, 2013; Shostell & Ruiz-Garcia, 2010; Tavera
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