BIBLIOGRAPHY

Allende, Isabel. “Isabelle Allende.” Interview by Marie-Lise Gazarian Gautier. Interviews with Latin Amer- ican Writers. Elmwood Park, IL: Dalkey Archive Press, 1989. Amiel, Vincent. “Une poignée d’espace: Poussière d’Empire.” In Bernard, Maité & Didier Aubert. “Coup de projecteur sur l’Indochine: Un film français sur les écrans américains. . .” France-Amérique (January 5-11, 1994): 10. Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, revised ed. :Verso, 1991. Anderson, Bonnie S. and Judith P. Zinsser. A History of Their Own:Women in Europe from Prehistory to the Present. New York:Harper & Row, 1988; Penguin Books, 1990. Appadurai, Arjun. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996. Astier-Lotfi, Martine. Littérature et colonialisme: l’expansion coloniale dans la littérature française, 1871-1914. Paris, La Haye: Mouton, 1971. Bachelard, Gaston. La Poétique de l’espace. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1957. Bacholle, Michèle. “Camille et Mùi ou Du dans Indochine et L’Odeur de la papaye verte.” The French Review 74.5 (April 2001): 946-957. Balaban, John, and Nguyen Qui Duc, eds. Vietnam:A Traveler’s Literary Companion. San Francisco: Where- abouts Press, 1996. Barquisseau, Raphael. L’Asie française et ses écrivains. Paris: Jean Vigneau, 1947. Barthes, Roland. A Lover’s Discourse: Fragments. Trans. Richard Howard. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Inc., 1978. ——. The Pleasure of the Text. Trans. Richard Miller. New York:Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1975. Bassan, Raphael. “Poussière d’Empire: Fictions croisées d’une double mémoire.” La Revue du Cinéma (October 1983). Baudenne,Antonin, and Gaston Starbach. Sao Tiampa, épouse laotienne. Paris: Grasset, 1912. Baudesson, Henry. Indo-China and Its Primitive Peoples. Trans. E. Appleby Holt. Bangkok: White Lotus, 1997 [orig. 1932]). Beauvoir, Simone de. The Second Sex. Trans. and ed. H. M. Parshley. London: Jonathan Cape, 1953. Bernard, Jean-Jacques. “Reflets dans un oeil viet.” Première (October 1983): 28. “Le Bétel et l’Aréquier.” In La jeune femme de Nam Xuong. Ed. Pham Duy Khiem. : Taupin et Cie., 1944. Bhabha, Homi. The Location of Culture. London: Routledge, 1994. 258 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Billotey, Pierre. Sao Kéo ou le bonheur immobile. Paris:Albin Michel, 1930. Bonifacy,Auguste. “Contes Populaires des Mans du Tonkin.” Bulletin de l’Ecole Française d’Extrême Orient 2, 3 (1902): 268-79. ——. “Les groupes ethniques du bassin de la Rivière Claire.” Bulletin et Mémoires de la Société d’Anthro- pologie de Paris VII, 5e série (1906): 296-330. Borgomano, Madeleine. Duras: une lecture des fantasmes. Petit Rowulx, Belgium: Cistre, 1985. Boudarel, Georges. Cent fleurs éclosent dans la nuit du Vietnam. Paris: Jacques Bertoin, 1991. Bouinais, A., and A. Paulus. L’Indochine française contemporaine: Cochinchine, Cambodge. Paris: Challamel, 1885. Boujut, Michel. “Poussière d’Empire de Lam-Le: Vietnam No.” Les Nouvelles Littéraires (October 5-11, 1983): 32. Bousquet, Gisèle L. Behind the Bamboo Hedge: the Impact of Homeland Politics in the Parisian Vietnamese Com- munity. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 1991. Bowen, Kevin, and Bruce Weigl, eds. Writing Between the Lines: An Anthology on War & Its Social Conse- quences. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1997. Braidotti, Rosi. Nomadic Subjects: Embodiment and Sexual Difference in Contemporary Feminist Theory. New York:Columbia University Press, 1994. Braudel, Fernand. The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of King Philip II. Trans. Sian Reynolds. New York:Harper & Row, 1972. ——. On History. Trans. Sarah Matthews. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980. Brogan, Kathleen. “American Stories of Cultural Haunting: Tales of Heirs and Ethnographers.” College English 57, no. 2 (1995):149-165. Bùi Thanh Van. L’Annamite de la France. Hue: Imprimerie de Bui-Huy-Tin, 1923. Burling, Robbins. Hill Farms and Padi Fields. Tempe, AZ: Program for Southeast Asian Studies, Arizona State University, 1992 (orig. 1965). Butler, Judith. Bodies That Matter. New York:Routledge, 1993. Cadière, Léopold. Croyances et pratiques religieuses des Viêtnamiens. Tome 3. Paris: Ecole Française d’Extrême-Orient, 1958. Cao, Lan. Monkey Bridge. New York:Penguin, 1998. Caractères. Dir. Bernard Rapp. France 2. April 24, 1992. Caro-Baroja, Julio. “The city and the country: reflexions on some ancient commonplaces.” In Mediter- ranean Countrymen. Ed. Julian Pitt-Rivers. Paris: Mouton, 1963. Casseville, Henry. Sao, l’amoureuse tranquille. Paris: Crès & Cie, 1928. Certeau, Michel de. The Practice of Everyday Life. Trans. Steven Rendall. Berkeley: University of Califor- nia Press, 1984. Césaire,Aimé. Discourse on Colonialism. Trans. Joan Pinkham. New York:Monthly Review Press, 1972. Chaffanjon, P. and C. Métral. L’Agriculture au Tonkin: Le Riz. Lyons: Imprimerie de Geneste, 1898. Charlot, John. “Vietnamese Cinema: First Views.” in Colonialism and Nationalism in Asian Cinema. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994. Chaudhuri, K. N. Asia Before Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Chen, Ying. “La Charge.” Liberté 219 (1995): 59-64. Chester, Suzanne. “Writing the Subject: Exoticism/Eroticism in Marguerite Duras’s The Lover and The Sea Wall.” In De/Colonizing the Subject: The Politics of Gender in Women’s Autobiography. Ed. Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1992. Christian, Barbara. Black Feminist Criticism. The Athene Series. New York:Pergamon Press, 1985. ——. “The Race for Theory.” In The Nature and Context of Minority Discourse. Ed. Abdul R. JanMo- hamed and David Lloyd. New York:Oxford University Press, 1990. Christopher, Renny. The Viet Nam War/The American War: Images and Representations in Euro-American and Vietnamese Exile Narratives. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1995. Chua, Lawrence. “Tran Anh Hung.” Bomb 46 (Winter 1994): 6-9. Chung, Ook. “Entretien avec Linda Lê.” Nov. 9, 1993. BIBLIOGRAPHY 259

——. “Linda Lê, ‘tueuse en dentelles.’“ Liberté 212 (1994): 155-161. Cohen, Susan D. Women and Discourse in the Fiction of Marguerite Duras: Love, Legends, Language. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993. Condominas, Georges. “The Mnong Gar of Central Vietnam” (in French). In Social Structure in Southeast Asia. Ed. George Peter Murdoch. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1960. ——. “Les peuples d’Indochine.” In Montagnards des Pays d’Indochine. Ed. Christine Hemmet. Ville de Boulogne-Billancourt: Editions Sepia, 1995. Cong, Huyen Ton Nu Nha Trang. “Women Writers of (1954-1975).” The Vietnam Forum 9 (Winter-Spring 1987): 149-221. Copin, Henri. L’Indochine dans la littérature française des années vingt à 1954: Exotisme et altérité. Paris: L’Har- mattan, 1996. Corliss, Richard. “Sweet Dreams from Vietnam.” Time (March 7, 1994). Cross, Alice. “Portraying the Rhythm of the Vietnamese Soul. An Interview with Tran Anh Hung.” Cinéaste 20.3 (1994): 35-37. Cuel, Francois. “Poussière d’Empire. Lam Le.” Cinématographe (October 1983): 28. Cung Giu Nguyen. Le Domaine maudit. Paris:A. Fayard, 1961. Cyclo. Dir. Tran Anh Hung. Perf. Le Van Loc, Tony Leung Chiu-Wai, and Tran Nu Yên Khê. Produc- tions Lazennec, 1995. Daney, Serge. “Introduction l’Indochinéma.” Ciné Journal 1981-1986. Paris: Cahiers du Cinéma, 1986: 178-181. De, Tran, Andrew Lam, and Hai Dai Nguyen, eds. Once Upon a Dream:The Vietnamese American Experi- ence. San Jose, :Andrews and McMeel, 1995. Deleuze, Gilles, and Félix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus. Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Minneapolis: Uni- versity of Minnesota Press, 1987 (1980). ——. Kafka:Toward a Minor Literature. Trans. Dana Polan. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1986. Diguet, Edouard. Les Annamites: société, coutumes, religions. Paris: Challamel, 1906. ——. Les Montagnards du Tonkin. Paris:Augustin Challamel, 1908. Dinh, Jean-Marie. “Cyclo dans l’œil du cyclone.” La Lettre d’Hermès 12 (www.limsi.fr/Recherche/CIG/ cinema.htm). Dinh, Linh, ed. Night,Again: Contemporary Fiction from Vietnam. New York:Seven Stories Press, 1997. Doumer, Paul. L’Indo-Chine française: Souvenirs. Paris: Vuibert et Nony, 1905. Dournes, Jacques. Pötao: Une théorie du pouvoir chez les Indochinois Jörai. Paris: Flammarion, 1977. Dove, Michael. “The Agroecological Mythology of the Javanese and the Political Economy of Indone- sia.” Indonesia 39 (1985): 1-36. DuBois, Thomas A. “Constructions Construed: The Representation of Southeast Asian Refugees in Aca- demic, Popular, and Adolescent Discourse.” Amerasia Journal 19:3 (1993): 1-25. Duffy, Daniel, ed. Not a War:Vietnamese Poetry and Prose,Viet Nam Forum 14 (1997). Duong van Giao. “L’accès des indigènes aux fonctions publiques.” In L’Indochine pendant la guerre 1914- 1918. Thèse de Droit, Université de Paris, 1925. Duong, Thu Huong. Paradise of the Blind. Trans. Phan Huy Duong and Nina McPherson. New York: Morrow, 1993. Duras, Marguerite. L’Amant. Paris: Editions de Minuit, 1984. ——. The Lover. Trans. Barbara Bray. New York:Pantheon Books, 1985. Dürrwell, Georges. “La Famille Annamite et le Culte des Ancêtres.” Bulletin de la Société des Etudes Indochi- noises de Saigon, vol. II (1908): 6-18. Ellman, Mary. Thinking about Women. London: MacMillan, 1968. F. G. “Et Vlan douze premiers films!” Actuel (October 1983). ——. “La caméra-pinceau de Lam-Le.” L’Unité 528 (1983). Fall, Bernard B., ed. Ho Chi Minh: On Revolution. New York:Praeger, 1967. 260 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Fanon, Frantz. Black Skin,White Masks. Trans. Charles Lam Markman. New York:Grove Press, 1968. ——. The Wretched of the Earth. Trans. Constance Farrington. New York:Grove Press, 1966. Féray, Pierre-Richard. Le Principe moderne de la nationalité vietnamienne: le choc-dialogue des années 1890- 1920. L’Empire colonial français face à l’émergence des mouvements nationaux. Fréjus: C.H.E.T.O.M., 1997. Figes, Eva. Patriarchal Attitudes:Women in Society. London: Faber and Faber, 1970. Fischler, Claude. L’homnivore. Paris: Odile Jacob, 1993. Forrestier, François. “Venise Nec Mergitur.” L’Express (September 12, 1983): 31-32. Fourniau, Charles. Les contacts franco-viêtnamiens en Annam et au Tonkin de 1885 à 1896. Paris: L’Harmat- tan, 1989. Franklin, H. Bruce. MIA or Mythmaking in America. Chicago: Lawrence Hill Books: 1992. French, Marilyn. Afterword to The Mother’s Recompense, by Edith Wharton. London: Virago Press, 1986. Friedman, Susan Stanford. “Women’s Autobiographical Selves: Theory and Practice.” In The Private Self: Theory and Practice of Women’s Autobiographical Writings. Ed. Shari Benstock. London: Routledge, 1988. G. P. “Poussière d’empire (Hòn Vong Phu).” Fiches du cinéma (October 5, 1983). Gaillac-Morgue. “Poussière d’Empire.” Starfix (October 1983). Gers-Villate, Yvonne. Continuité et discontinuité dans l’oeuvre durassienne. Bruxelles: Editions de l’Univer- sité de Bruxelles, 1985. Gervais, Ginette. “Poussière d’Empire.” Jeune Cinéma 154 (November 1983): 42-43. Gildea, Robert. France since 1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Girard, Henry. “Les tribus sauvages du Haut Tonkin. Mans et Meos. Notes anthropometrique et ethno- graphiques” Bulletin de Géographie historique et descriptive 3 (1903): 421-97. Goscha, Christopher. Vietnam or Indochina? Contesting Concepts of Space in Vietnamese Nationalism. Copen- hagen: Nordic Institute for Asian Studies, 1995. Gosselin, Charles. L’Empire d’Annam. Paris: Perrin et Cie., 1904. Greenwood, Davydd J. “Castilians, Basques, and Andalusians:An Historical Comparison of Nationalism, ‘True’ Ethnicity,and ‘False’ Ethnicity.” In Ethnic Groups and the State. Ed. Paul Brass. London: Croom Helm, 1985. Greer, Germaine. The Female Eunuch. 21st anniversary ed. London: Paladin, 1991. Groslier, Georges. Retour à l’argile. Paris: Emile Paul, 1920. Guerrini, Pierre. “Poussière d’Empire de Lam Le.” Cinéma (n.d.). Guibert, Hervé. “‘Poussière d’Empire,’ de Lam Le.” Le Monde (Thursday, September 8, 1983). Guislain, Pierre. “Entretien avec Lam Le.” Cinématographe 29-31. ——. “Venise.” Cinématographe (October 1983). Gupta, Akhil and James Ferguson, eds. Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1997. Hantover, Jeffrey. Uncorked Soul. Hong Kong: Plum Blossoms, 1991. Hargreaves,Alec Gordon, The Colonial Experience in French Fiction. London: MacMillan, 1981. Heilbrun, Carolyn G. Reinventing Womanhood. London: Victor Gollancz, 1979. Hickey, Gerald C. “Some Aspects of Hill Tribe Life in Vietnam.” In Southeast Asian Tribes, Minorities, and Nations. Ed. Peter Kunstadter. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967. ——. Free in the Forest: Ethnohistory of the Vietnamese Central Highlands, 1954-1976. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982. ——. Kingdom in the Morning Mist: Mayrena in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988. ——. Shattered World: Adaptation and Survival Among Vietnam’s Highland Peoples During the . Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993. ——. Sons of the Mountains: Ethnohistory of the Vietnamese Central Highlands to 1954. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982. BIBLIOGRAPHY 261

Hirschman, Charles. “The Meaning and Measurement of Ethnicity in Malaysia: An Analysis of Census Classifications.” Journal of Asian Studies 46 no. 3 (1987): 555-582. Ho, Anh Thai. Behind the Red Mist. Trans. Nguyen Qui Duc and Qui C. Nguyen. Ed. Wayne Karlin. Willimantic, CT: Curbstone Press, 1998. Hue, Bernard, Littérature de la péninsule indochinoise. Paris:AUPELF-Karthala, 1999. Hue-Tam, Ho Tai. “Duong Thu Huong and the Literature of Disenchantment.” Vietnam Forum 14 (1994): 82-91. ——. Radicalism and the Origins of the Vietnamese Revolution. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 1992. Huynh, Jade Ngoc Quang. South Wind Changing. Saint Paul, MN: Graywolf, 1994. Interim, Louella, and Olivier Seguret. “Le cinéma cosmogonique de Lam-Le.” Libération (September 2, 1983): 12-13. Jamieson, Neil L. Understanding Vietnam. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. Jayawardena, Kumari. Feminism and Nationalism in the Third World. London: Zed Books, 1986. Jeancolas, Jean-Pierre. “L’Odeur de la papaye verte: Un Viet-nam mental.” Positif 389-390 (July-August 1993): 22-23. Johnson, Diane. “Rev. of The Lover by Marguerite Duras.” New York Times Book Review (June 25, 1985). Jonsson, Hjorleifur. “Cultural Priorities and Projects: Health and Social Dynamics in Northeast Cambo- dia.” In Development or Domestication? Indigenous Peoples of Southeast Asia. Ed. Don McCaskill and Ken Kampe. Chiangmai, Thailand: Silkworm, 1997. ——. “Forest Products and Peoples: Upland Groups, Thai Polities, and Regional Space.” Sojourn 13 no. 1 (1998): 1-37. ——. “Yao Minority Identity and the Location of Difference in the South China Borderlands.” Ethnos 65 no. 1 (2000): 56-82. Jung, Eugène. Mademoiselle Moustique. Paris: Flammarion, 1895. Kahn, Joel S. Constituting the Minangkabau: Peasants, Culture, and Modernity in Colonial Indonesia. Provi- dence, RI: Berg, 1993. Kahn, Joel, ed. Southeast Asian Identities. Singapore: ISEAS, 1998. Kampe, Ken. “Introduction: Indigenous Peoples of Southeast Asia.” In Development or Domestication? Indigenous Peoples of Southeast Asia. Ed. Don McCaskill and Ken Kampe. Chiangmai, Thailand: Silk- worm, 1997. Karlin, Wayne, Le Minh Khue, and Truong Vu, eds. The Other Side of Heaven: Postwar Fiction by Vietnamese and American Writers. Willimantic, CT: Curbstone Press, 1995. Karnow, Stanley. Vietnam:A History. New York:Viking, 1991. Kennedy,Laurel, and Wendy Williams. “Re-presenting Vietnam: The Manufacture of Nostalgia in Viet- nam’s Tourist Industry.” In The Country of Memory: Remaking the Past in Last Socialist Vietnam. Ed. Hue-Tam Ho Tai. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001. Kester, Grant. “The Art of Listening (and of Being Heard): Jay Koh’s Discursive Networks.” Third Text 47 (Summer 1999): 19-26. Keyes, Charles F. The Golden Peninsula: Culture and Adaptation in Mainland Southeast Asia. Hololulu: Uni- versity of Hawaii Press, 1995 (orig. 1977). Kim, Elaine H. Asian American Literature:An Introduction to the Writings and Their Social Context. Philadel- phia: Temple University Press, 1982. Kirisci, Kemal. “Minority/Majority Discourse: The Case of the Kurds of Turkey.” In Making Majorities. Ed. Dru Gladney. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998. Knapp, Bettina L. “Rev. of L’Amant by Marguerite Duras.” The French Review 59.1 (Oct. 1985): 149-50. Krall, Yung. A Thousand Tears Falling:The True Story of a Vietnamese Family Torn Apart by War, Communism, and the CIA. Atlanta: Longstreet Press: 1998. 262 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Kunstadter, Peter and Sally Kunstadter. “Population Movements and Environmental Changes in the Hills of Northern Thailand.” In Patterns and Illusions:Thai History and Thought. Ed. Gehan Wijeyewardene and E. C. Chapman. Singapore: Institute for Southeast Asian Studies, 1992. Kureishi, Hanif. The Buddha of Suburbia. New York:Penguin, 1990. Laubier, Guillaume de. “Lam du Vietnam.” Elle (October 25, 1983). Langlet, Eugène. Le Peuple Annamite. Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1913. Lardeau, Yann,and Alain Philippon. “Le Jeu des quatre coins: Entretien avec Lam Le.” Cahiers du Cinéma 351 (September 1983): 17-21. Le Morvan, Gilles. “L’Invité de l’Humanité: Lam Le cinéaste.” L’Humanité (December 27, 1983). Le Thanh Khoi. Le Viêt-Nam: Histoire et civilisation. Paris: Minuit, 1955. Le Van Phat. Contes et légendes du pays d’Annam. Saigon: Nguyen Van Cua, 1925 [1913]. Le, Lam. “La petite Cosette du delta du Mekong.” Libération (June 9, 1993): 42. ——. “Synopsis: Poussière d’Empire.” Personal communication to the French Institute/Alliance Française (February 12, 1997). Lê, Linda. Calomnies. Paris: Christian Bourgois, 1993. ——. Les Evangiles du crime. Paris: Julliard, 1992. ——. Lettre morte. Paris: Christian Bourgois, 1999. ——. Slander. Trans. Esther Allen. Lincoln: Univesity of Nebraska Press, 1996. ——. Voix: une crise. Paris: Christian Bourgois, 1998. Le, Minh Khue. The Stars, the Earth, the River: Short Fiction by Le Minh Khue. Trans. Bac Hoai Tran and Dana Sachs. Ed. Wayne Karlin. Willimantic, Connecticut: Curbstone, 1997. Leach, Edmund R. Political Systems of Highland Burma. Boston: Beacon Press, 1954. Lebrun, Jean. “Lam Le: L’oeil écoute.” La Croix (Thursday, October 13, 1983). Leclère, Marie-Françoise. “Le voyage de Lam-Le.” Le Point (August 28, 1983). Lefebvre, Henri. Critique of Everyday Life. Trans. John Moore. New York:Verso, 1991. Lefèvre, Kim. Métisse Blanche. Paris: Bernard Barrault, 1989. Lefort, Gérard. “Poussière d’Empire:Apocalypse No.” Libération (September 2, 1983). Lentz, Carola. “Colonial Constructions and African Initiatives: The History of Ethnicity in Northwest- ern Ghana.” Ethnos 65 no. 1 (2000): 107-136. Leurence, F. Note sur deux indices du coût de la vie pour les indigènes à Hanoi. Hanoi: Imprimerie d’Extrême- Orient, 1924. Levinas, Emmanuel. Ethique et infini. Paris: Librairie Artheme Fayard et Radio France, 1982. Lewis, David R. Neither Wolf Nor Dog: American Indians, Environment, and Agrarian Change. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. Lieberman, Marcia K. “Some Day My Prince Will Come: Female Acculturation through the Fairy Tale.” In Don’t Bet on the Prince: Contemporary Feminist Fairy Tales in North America and England. Ed. Jack Zipes, 186-200. Aldershot, U.K.: Gower, 1986. Lin, Yutang. The Wisdom of China and India. New York:Random House, 1942. Liu, Wu-Chi. An Introduction to Chinese Literature. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1966. Lombard, Denys. Rêver l’Asie: Exotisme et littérature coloniale aux Indes, en Indochine et en Insulinde. Paris: Editions de l’Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, 1994. Lowe, Lisa. “Canon, Institutionalization, Identity: Contradictions for Asian American Studies.” In The Ethnic Canon: Histories, Institutions, and Interventions. Ed. David Palumbo-Liu. Minneapolis, MN: The University of Minnesota Press, 1995. ——. Immigrant Acts: on Asian American Cultural Politics. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1996. Lüdtke, Alf. “Polymorphous Synchrony: German Industrial Workers and the Politics of Everyday Life.” International Review of Social History 38 (1993): 39-84. Ly Thu Ho. Au Milieu du carrefour. Paris: Editions Peyronnet, 1969. ——. Le Mirage de la paix. Paris: Promédart/Les Muses de Parnasse, 1986. ——. Printemps inachevé. Paris: J. Peyronnet et Cie, 1962. BIBLIOGRAPHY 263

MacAlister, John T. “Mountain Minorities and the Viet Minh: A Key to the Indochina War.” In South- east Asian Tribes, Minorities, and Nations. Ed. Peter Kunstadter. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967. Maître, Henri. Les Jungles Moi. Paris: Larousse, 1912. Marr, David G. Vietnamese Anticolonialism, 1885-1925. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971. ——. Vietnamese Tradition on Trial, 1920-1945. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981. Martin, Marie-Hélène. “Les Fantômes de Linda Lê.” Le Monde des livres (September 2, 1998). Maurin, Francois. “La pierre de l’attente: La guerre d’Indochine et après . . .” L’Humanité (Friday,Octo- ber 14, 1983). McKinnon, John and Jean Michaud. “Montagnard Domain in the South-East Asian Massif.” In Turbulent Times and Enduring Peoples: Mountain Minorities in the South-East Asian Massif. Ed. Jean Michaud. Lon- don: Curzon, 2000. Mee, Wendy. “National Difference and Global Citizenship.” In Southeast Asian Identities: Culture and the Politics of Representation in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. Ed. Joel Kahn. Singapore: Insti- tute for Southeast Asian Studies, 1998. Memmi,Albert. The Colonizer and the Colonized. Trans. Howard Greenfeld. Boston: Beacon Press, 1967. ——. Portrait du colonisé. Paris: Payot, 1973. Meyer, Roland. Saramani, danseuse cambodgienne. Paris: Kailash, 1997. Michaud, Jean. “A Historical Panorama of the Montagnards in Northern Vietnam Under French Rule.” In Turbulent Times and Enduring Peoples: Mountain Minorities in the South-East Asian Massif. Ed. Jean Michaud. London: Curzon, 2000. Miles, Rosalind. “The Triumph of Form.” In Living by the Pen: Early British Women Writers, The Athene Series. Ed. Dale Spender. New York:Teachers College Press, 1992. Miller, Casey and Kate Swift. Words and Women: New Language in New Times. London: Victor Gollancz, 1977. Quoted in Jane Mills. Womanwords:A Vocabulary of Culture and Patriarchal Society, 146. London: Virago, 1991. Mills, Jane. Womanwords:A Vocabulary of Culture and Patriarchal Society. London: Virago, 1991. Minority Rights Group International. Minorities in Cambodia. London: Minority Rights Group, 1995. Monet, P. Qu’est-ce qu’une civilisation? Hanoi: Editions bilangues du F.E.A.,1924. Morice, Jacques. “Cyclo.” Télérama (September 27, 1995): 41. My, Michel. Le Tonkin Pittoresque. Saigon: Imprimerie J. Viet, 1925. n.a. “Entretien avec Lam Le.” Cinématographe. Nam Xuong. “Ông Tây An-nam.” In Anthologie de la littérature vietnamienne III. Ed. Nguyên Khac Vien and Huu Ngoc. Hanoi: Edition en langues étrangères, 1975. Nguyên Công Hoan. Chap. 4 of Dead End. In Before the Revolution: The Vietnamese Peasants Under the French. Ed. Ngô Viñh Long. New York:Columbia Univ. Press, 1991. Nguyen Khac Vien. Histoire du Vietnam. Paris: Editions Sociales, 1974. Nguyen Tien Lang. Les Vietnamiens I: Les Chemins de la révolte. Paris:Amiot-Dumont, 1953. Nguyên Van Nho. Souvenirs d’un étudiant. Hanoi, 1920. Nguyen Van Phong. La Société vietnamienne de 1882 à 1902 d’après les écrits des auteurs français. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1971. Nguyen Van Xiem. Mes Heures perdues. Saigon: Imprimerie de l’Union, 1913. Nguyen, Cam. “Barriers to Communication between Vietnamese and Non-Vietnamese.” Fifth National Conference of the Network for International Communication September 4, 1990. 2-7. La Trobe University, 1990. Nguyen, Huy Thiep. The General Retires and Other Stories. Trans. Greg Lockhart. New York:Oxford, 1992. Nguyen, Nathalie Huynh Chau. “Between East and West: A Study of Selected Works by Vietnamese Francophone Writers between 1930 and 1990.” Ph.D. diss., Oxford University, 1994. ——. “A Classical Heroine and her Modern Manifestation:The Tale of Kieu and its Modern Parallels in Printemps inachevé.” The French Review 73 (February 2000): 454-462. 264 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Nguyen, Qui Duc. Where the Ashes Are:The Odyssey of a Vietnamese Family. New York:Addison Wesley, 1994. Nicolas, Pierre. Notes sur la vie française en Cochinchine. Paris: E. Flammarion, 1900. Norindr, Panivong. Phantasmatic Indochina: French Colonial Ideology in Architecture, Film, and Literature. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1996. O.D.B. “Le grand sommeil.” Evénement du jeudi (September 28, 1995). Obeyesekere, Gananath. “‘British Cannibals’: Contemplation of an Event in the Death and Resurrection of James Cook, Explorer.” In Identity. Ed. Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995. Orbach, Susie. Hunger Strike: the Anorectic’s Struggle as a Metaphor for our Age. Revised ed. London: Pen- guin Books, 1993. Ostria, Vincent. “Une cabane indochinoise dans une laiterie.” Les Cahiers du cinéma 33 (May 1983): V. Pascal, Michel. “Cyclo Driver.” Le Point 1201 (September 23, 1995). Pérez, Michel. “Poussière d’Empire de Lam Le: Un cerf-volant face à l’Histoire.” Peters, Erica J. “Negotiating Power Through Everyday Practices in French Vietnam, 1880-1924.” Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Chicago, 2000. Pham Duy Khiem. Nam et Sylvie. Paris: Plon, 1957. Pham Van Ky. Frères de sang. Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1947. Pham, Andrew. Catfish and Mandala: A Two-Wheeled Voyage Through the Landscape and Memory of Vietnam. New York:Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1999. Pierrot, Jean. Marguerite Duras. Paris: Librarie José Corti, 1986. Pine, Jim, and Paul Willemen, eds. Questions of Third Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 1989. Portugues, Catherine. “Le Colonial Feminin: Women Directors Interrogate French Cinema.” In Cinema, Colonialism, Postcolonialism. Ed. Dina Sherzer. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1996. Poshyananda, Apinan. “Roaring Tigers, Desperate Dragons in Transition.” In Traditions/Tensions: Con- temporary Art in Asia. Ed. Apinan Poshyananda. New York:The Asia Society, 1996. Pouvourville,Albert de. L’Annam sanglant. Paris: Michaud, 1898. ——. L’heure silencieuse. Paris: Editions du Nouveau Monde, 1923. ——. Le cinquième bonheur. Paris: Michaud, 1911. ——. Le maître des sentences. Paris: Paul Ollendorf, 1899. Rayns, Tony. “Here and Now.” Sight and Sound 5.4 (April 1995): 18-20. Ricouart, Janine. Ecriture féminine et violence: Une étude de Marguerite Duras. Birmingham,Alabama: Summa, 1991. Riou,Alain. “Lam Le: La stratégie du crabe farci.” Le Matin (October 9, 1983): 14. Robinson, Geoffrey. The Dark Side of Paradise: Political Violence in Bali. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995. Rootham, Mireille Mai. “Marguerite Duras et le colonialisme.” M.A. thesis, University of Waterloo, Ontario, 1988. Rosello, Mireille. Littérature et identité créole aux Antilles. Paris: Karthala, 1992. Rouchy, Marie-Elisabeth. “Retour à Saigon.” Télérama 2355 (March 1, 1995): 2. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Emile or On Education. Trans. Allan Bloom. London: Penguin Books, 1991. Royer, Louis-Charles. Kham la Laotienne. Paris: Editions de France, 1935. Said, Edward. “Reflections on Exile.” In Out There: Marginalization and Contemporary Cultures. Ed. Rus- sell Ferguson, Martha Gever, Trinh T. Minh-ha, and Cornel West. Cambridge: the MIT Press, 1990. Salemink, Oscar. “Mois and Maquis: The Invention and Appropriation of Montagnard Identity from Sabatier to the CIA.” In Colonial Situations: Essays on the Contextualization of Ethnographic Knowledge. Ed. George W. Stocking. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991. ——. “Ethnography as Martial Art: Ethnicizing Vietnam’s Montagnards, 1930-1954.” In Colonial Sub- jects: Essays on the Practical History of Anthropology. Ed. Peter Pels and Oscar Salemink. Ann Arbor: Uni- versity of Michigan Press, 1999. BIBLIOGRAPHY 265

——. “Primitive Partisans: French Strategy and the Construction of Montagnard Identity in Indochina.” In Imperial Policy and Southeast Asian Nationalism. Ed. Hans Antlov and Stein Tonneson. Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press, 1995. ——. “The King of Fire and Vietnamese Ethnic Policy in the Central Highlands.” In Development or Domestication? Indigenous Peoples of Southeast Asia. Ed. Don McCaskill and Ken Kampe. Chiangmai, Thailand: Silkworm, 1997. Sarrola, Mireille. “Les Délits de Linda Lê.” Le Monde des livres (March 20, 1992). Schrauwers, Albert. “Returning to the ‘Origin’: Church and State in the Ethnogenesis of the ‘To Pamona.’” In Southeast Asian Identities: Culture and the Politics of Representation in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. Ed. Joel Kahn. Singapore: Institute for Southeast Asian Studies, 1998. Schuster, Marilyn. “Reading and Writing as a Woman: The Retold Tales of Marguerite Duras.” The French Review 58.1 (October 1984): 48-57. Scott, James. Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1990. Seguret, Olivier. “Poussière d’Empire.” Libération (September 1983): 12-13 Selous, Trista. The Other Woman: Feminism and Femininity in the Work of Marguerite Duras. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1988. Smith, Gordon H. The Blood Hunters: A Narrative of Pioneer Missionary Work Among the Savages of French Indo-China. East Stroudsburg, PA: Pinebrook Book Club, 1942. Smith, Martin. Burma: Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity. London: Zed, 1993. Steinberg, David J., et al., eds. In Search of Southeast Asia:A Modern History. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987. Suleri, Sara. The Rhetoric of English India. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1992. Tauriac, Michel. Jade. Paris: La Table Ronde, 1986. Taylor, Nora. “‘Pho’ Phai and Faux Phais: The Market for Fakes in Vietnam and the Appropriation of a National Symbol.” Ethnos 64 no. 2 (1999): 232-249. ——. “The Artist and the State: Painting and the Politics of National Identity in Hanoi, Vietnam, 1925- 1995.” Ph.D. diss., Cornell University, 1997. The Scent of Green Papaya. Dir. Tran Anh Hung. Perf. Tran Nu Yên Khê and Lu Man San. Productions Lazennec, 1993. Tison-Braun, Micheline. Marguerite Duras. Amsterdan: Rodopi, 1984. Tollefson, James W. “Indochinese Refugees: A Challenge to America’s Memory of Vietnam.” In The Legacy:The Vietnam War in the American Imagination. Ed. D. Michael Shafer. Boston: Beacon Press, 1990. Tonnerre, Jêrome. “L’eau et le rêve.” Cinématographe (May 1983): 70-71. Trân Tê Xuong. “Les idéogrammes chinois.” In Anthologie de la littérature vietnamienne III. Ed. Nguyên Khac Vien and Huu Ngoc. Hanoi: Edition en langues étrangères, 1975. Tran Van Tung. Bach-Yên ou la fille au coeur fidèle. Paris: J. Susse, 1946. Tran,Anh Hung, and Laurence Trémolet. Cyclo. Arles:Actes Sud, 1995. Tran,Anh-Thuan. “Certain de vaincre de Tran Dan: un renouveau littéraire 30 ans avant le Doi Moi.” Mémoire de DEA, Paris: INALCO, 1999. Tran, Barbara, Monique T. D. Truong, and Luu Truong Khoi, eds. Watermark:Vietnamese American Poetry and Prose. New York:Asian American Writers’ Workshop, 1998. Tran, Thi-Thuyet. “La Femme viêtnamienne à travers la littérature populaire.” Ph.D. diss. University of Brussels, 1974. Trankell, Ing-Britt. “The Minor Part of the Nation: Politics of Ethnicity in Laos.” In Facets of Power and Its Limitations: Political Culture in Southeast Asia. Ed. Ing-Britt Trankell and Laura Summers. Uppsala, Sweden: Uppsala University Department of Anthropology, 1998. Trinh, Minh-ha T. Woman, Native, Other:Writing Postcoloniality and Feminism. Bloomington: Indiana Uni- versity Press, 1989. Truong Dinh Tri and Albert de Teneuille. Bà--Dâm. Paris: Fasquelle, 1930. 266 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Truong, Monique Thuy-Dung. “Kelly.” Amerasia Journal 17:2 (1991): 41-46. ——. “Notes to ‘Dear Kelly’ [sic].” Amerasia Journal 17:2 (1991): 47-48. ——. “The Reception of Robert Olin Butler’s A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain: Ventriloquism and the Pulitzer Prize.” The Viet Nam Forum 16 (1997): 75-94. ——. “Vietnamese American Literature.” In An Interethnic Companion to Asian American Literature. Ed. King-Kok Cheung. New York:Cambridge University Press, 1997. Villemagne,Alix de. Hors de sa race. Paris: E. Figuirè et Cie., 1912. Warren, Kay B. Indigenous Movements and their Critics: Pan-Maya Activism in Guatemala. Princeton: Prince- ton University Press, 1998. Weigman, Robyn. American Anatomies:Theorizing Race and Gender. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995. West, Richard. Sketches from Vietnam. London: Trinity Press, 1968. Williams, Lea. Southeast Asia:A History. New York:Oxford University Press, 1976. Willis, Sharon. Marguerite Duras: Writing on the Body. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1987. Wilmington, Michael. “Dust of Empire.” L.A.Weekly (July 6-12, 1984): 10. Winston, Jane. “Autour de la rue Saint-Benoît:An Interview with Dyonys Mascolo.” Contemporary French Civilization 18:2 (Summer/Fall 1994): 188-207. ——. “Forever Feminine: Marguerite Duras and Her Critics.” New Literary History 24 (1993): 467-82. ——. “Marguerite Duras: Marxism, Feminism, Writing.” Theatre Journal, 47 (1995): 345-65. ——. Postcolonial Duras: Cultural Memory in Postwar France. New York:Palgrave, forthcoming, 2001. Wolters, O.W. History, Culture, and Region in Southeast Asian Perspectives, revised ed. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program, 1999. Wong, Sau-ling Cynthia. Reading Asian American Literature: From Necessity to Extravagance. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993. Woodside, Alexander Barton. Vietnam and the Chinese Model: A Comparative Study of Nguyên and Ch’ing Civil Government in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971. Yeager, Jack A. “Culture, Citizenship, Nation: the Narrative Texts of Linda Lê.” In Post-Colonial Cultures in France. Ed. Alec G. Hargreaves and Mark McKinney. New York:Routledge, 1997. ——. The Vietnamese Novel in French.A Literary Response to Colonialism. Hanover and London: University Press of New England, 1987. ——. Vietnamese Literature in French. New Orleans, CELFAN Edition Monographs, 1999. Young,Robert J. C. Colonial Desire: Hybridity in Theory, Culture and Race. New York:Routledge, 1995. Zinoman, Peter. “Nguyen Huy Thiep’s ‘Vang Lua’ and the Nature of Intellectual Dissent in Contem- porary Vietnam.” Viet Nam Forum 14 (1994): 36-44. CONTRIBUTORS

Michèle Bacholle is Assistant Professor at Eastern Connecticut State Univer- sity. Her research interests are in French and Francophone women writers. She has published articles on Linda Lê, Ly Thu Ho, Annie Ernaux, and Malika Mokeddem, among others. Her article on Indochine and The Scent of Green Papaya appeared in spring 2001 in The French Review. Her book on Annie Ernaux, Agota Kristof, and Farida Belghoul entitled Un Passé contraignant: Dou- ble bind et transculturation was published by Rodopi in 2000.

Karl Ashoka Britto is Assistant Professor of French and Comparative Litera- ture at the University of California, Berkeley. He is currently completing a book on interculturality in Vietnamese Francophone texts and is also at work on a study of the body in contemporary immigrant literatures. His recent publica- tions include “History, Memory, and Narrative Nostalgia: Pham Duy Khiem’s Nam et Sylvie” (Yale French Studies 98).

Renny Christopher is Associate Professor of English at California State Uni- versity, Stanislaus, where she teaches multicultural American literature, poetry writing, and film. Her book, The Viet Nam War/The American War: Images and Representations in Euro-American and Vietnamese Exile Narratives (University of Massachusetts Press, 1995) was named Outstanding Book on Human Rights in North America by the Gustavas Myers Center for the Study of Human Rights in North America. Her poetry collection, Viet Nam and California, is from Viet Nam Generation/Burning Cities Press, 1998.

Linh Dinh is the author of a collection of stories, Fake House (Seven Stories Press 2000) and a chapbook of poems, Drunkard Boxing (Singing Horse Press 1998). A poem of his has been anthologized in Best American Poetry 2000, and he is also the editor of the anthology Night,Again: Contemporary Fiction from Viet- nam (Seven Stories Press 1996). 268 CONTRIBUTORS

Jerry Gorman is a photographer and a camera operator from Venice, Califor- nia. He has spent the last five summers traveling in Southeast Asia with a cou- ple of cameras, seven T-shirts, three pairs of pants, a pair of sandals, and a hundred rolls of film. Summer 2001 will find him again in Southeast Asia on an extended stay to witness and capture the living spirits of Cambodia.

Hjorleifur Jonsson is Assistant Professor in the Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University. He has done research in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thai- land,primarily among ethnic minority populations in the hinterlands. His research interests include the politics of culture, identity, and environments. Among his publications are “Yao Minority Identity and the Location of Difference in the South China Borderlands” (Ethnos 2000), and “Serious fun: minority cultural dynamics and national integration in Thailand” (American Ethnologist 2001).

Hoang Hung was born in 1942 in Hung Yen. He is the author of three vol- umes of poems, Land of Sunlight (1970), Seahorse (1988) and Man Looking for a Face (1994), and three volumes of translations, 100 Love Poems (1987), Poems by Lorca (1988), and Poems by Appolinaire (1997), which won an Award for Excel- lence from the Vietnamese Writers’ Union. He has also published translations of Ginsberg, Simic, and Pasternak, among others. One of his poems has been translated into English and published in Filling Station.

Andrew Lam is an associate editor with the Pacific News Service in San Fran- cisco, a member of the World Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a regular com- mentator on NPR All Things Considered. He was born in Saigon, Vietnam, and came to the at the end of the Vietnam War in 1975 when he was 11 years old. His articles have appeared in numerous newspapers across the country including The New York Times, , The San Francisco Chronicle, and The Chicago Tribune. Lam is currently working on his first short story collection.

Patrick Laude was born in France in 1958. He is an alumnus of the Ecole Nor- male Supérieure. His interest in nineteenth-century poetry, exoticism, and inter- cultural studies has led him to study the French and Francophone literature of Southeast Asia. He is the author of Exotisme indochinois et Poésie (Paris: Sudestasie, 1985) and one of the contributors to Littérature de la péninsule indochinoise (Paris: AUPELF-Karthala, 1999), edited by Bernard Hue. He is currently an Associate Professor at Georgetown University.

Nathalie Nguyen completed a B. A. (Hons) at Melbourne University, Aus- tralia, won a Commonwealth Scholarship to Oxford University, and obtained her doctorate in 1994. She is currently Assistant Professor of French at the Uni- versity of Newcastle, Australia. She has published on the subject of Vietnamese Francophone literature and continues to carry out research in that field. In addi- tion, she has begun to engage in research on Vietnamese women’s autobiogra- phies in both English and French. CONTRIBUTORS 269

Nguyen Quoc Chanh was born in 1958 in Bac Lieu and now lives in . He is the author of two collections of poems, Night of the Rising Sun and Inanimate Weather. His poems have been translated into English and pub- lished in The Literary Review and Filling Station.

Nguyen Dang Thuong was born in Battambang, Cambodia, in 1938, and now lives in England. He has translated poems, plays, and short stories by Neruda, Cendras, Prevert, Beckett, Claude Simon, and many others into Vietnamese.

Panivong Norindr is Associate Professor of French and Comparative Litera- ture at the University of Southern California. He is the author of Phantasmatic Indochina: French Colonial Ideology in Architecture, Film and Literature (Duke UP, 1996). This essay is part of a book-length manuscript entitled (Post)Colonial Screens: Reframing Indochina in French Cinema.

Leakthina Chau-Pech Ollier is Assistant Professor of French at Bowdoin Col- lege. She has written on women’s autobiography, Asian women writers of the dias- pora,including Ying Chen and Linda Lê,and narratives of displacement. Her future project will focus on Cambodia and the questioning of testimonial narratives.

Isabelle Thuy Pelaud is a Ph.D. candidate in the department of Ethnic Stud- ies at the University of California at Berkeley. Her dissertation is on Vietnamese American narratives. Pelaud is committed to teaching and to promoting Viet- namese American writings. Some of her essays have been published in Making More Waves and in Tilting the Continent. She has been reading prose and poetry periodically throughout the Bay Area since 1993 and is currently working on a manuscript.

Erica J. Peters conducted archival research in Aix-en-Provence and Hanoi for her Ph.D. in History at the University of Chicago. Her dissertation is entitled “Negotiating Power Through Everyday Practices in French Vietnam, 1880- 1924.” This project examined alcohol, food, gambling, and charitable practices in the colony, reevaluating questions of collaboration, resistance, and the role of the colonial state.

Phan Huyen Thu was born in Hanoi in 1972. A journalist by trade, she has published poems and short stories in many journals in Vietnam, France, and the United States. She was awarded First Prize in poetry from the prestigious Hue journal, Perfume River, in 1997. One of her stories has been translated into Eng- lish and published in The Literary Review.

Phan Nhien Hao was born in 1970 in Kontum. He immigrated to the United States in 1991 and now lives in Santa Monica, California. He has a B.A. in Viet- namese Literature from The Teachers College of Saigon and a B.A. in American Literature from UCLA. He has been publishing poems, stories, and translations in literary journals since 1989, and is the author of a collection of poems, Paradise 270 CONTRIBUTORS of Paper Bells. His poems have been translated into English and published in The Literary Review and Filling Station.

Nora Taylor is Assistant Professor in the Interdisciplinary Humanities Program at Arizona State University. She teaches Southeast Asian Art History and Viet- namese Art and Culture. She has published numerous articles on Vietnamese modern and contemporary painting and is currently working on a book that traces the history of Vietnamese art from the colonial period to the present.

Qui-Phiet Tran received his Ph.D. in American Studies from the University of Texas at Austin and is currently a Professor of English at Schreiner Univer- sity. His publications include a book-length study of William Faulkner (Caroll- ton Press, 1980) and articles on American and Asian-American literature. He has recently completed a three-semester appointment as Senior Fullbright Scholar at Vietnam National University in Ho Chi Minh City, where he taught Amer- ican literature in the English Department of the College of Social Sciences and Humanities.

Monique T.D. Truong is a writer and intellectual property attorney based in Brooklyn, New York. Her first novel will be published by Random House in the Spring of 2002. “Welcome to America” is a commission of New Radio and Performing Arts, Inc.’s Revisiting America radio documentary series. The com- missioning of this work was made possible by a grant from the National Endow- ment for the Arts. The piece aired on selected NPR stations around the country on July 4, 2000.

Van Cam Hai was born in 1972 in Hue, where he still lives. He is a writer for Hue television and has contributed poems to all the leading Vietnamese-lan- guage journals in Vietnam and overseas. His poems have been translated into English and published in The Literary Review.

Vo Thi Xuan Ha was born in 1959 in Hanoi. A graduate of Hanoi College of Education in 1978 and valedictorian at Nguyen Du School of Writing in 1992, she is currently Editor of Bao dien anh kich truong Viet Nam (Vietnam Motion Pictures and Theater Magazine). Her publications include five collec- tions of short stories and two novels for children. She was the recipient of the 1999 Association of Writers Best Fiction Award. Currently Vo Thi Xuan Ha lives with her two teenage daughters in Hanoi.

Jane Bradley Winston is Associate Professor of French at Northwestern Uni- versity. She has published articles on Marguerite Duras, Vietnam, and radical politics. Her Postcolonial Duras is forthcoming (Palgrave 2001). She has com- pleted a manuscript, “White Borders and Cultural Change: the groupe de la rue Saint-Benoît,” and is at work on a book on contemporary Francophone women writers and the issue of utopia. CONTRIBUTORS 271

Y Ban is the pen name of Pham Thi Xuan Ban, who was born on July 1, 1961, in Nam Dinh, Vietnam. A 1982 University of Hanoi graduate, Y Ban taught at Nam Dinh College of Medicine and Thai Nguyen University School of Med- icine from 1982 to 1989. In 1992 Y Ban began to attend Nguyen Du School of Creative Writing, where she graduated in 1992. Currently she is a reporter for Giao Duc va Thoi Dai (Education in Our Era).

Jack A. Yeager is Professor of French and Women’s Studies at the University of New Hampshire in Durham. He has written The Vietnamese Novel in French: A Literary Response to Colonialism (University Press of New England, 1987) and Vietnamese Literature in French (CELFAN Review Monographs, 1999). In addi- tion, he co-edited Postcolonial Subjects: Francophone Women Writers (University of Minnesota Press, 1996). INDEX

acculturation: and anxieties, French colonial, 43; 57, 60; and the international art market, 10, Asian women, catalysts of, 36; defined, 35; and 113–4; and tourism, 115; and Vietnam as disindividuation, 41–2; v.encongayement, 41; exotic travel destination, 113; Vietnamese art failure of, 38; and “motionless happiness,” 43; market, 113–4; and Western collectors, 10–1, and transformation, 41; as transgressive, 36; 115–7. See also identity, Vietnamese women, European, resistance to, 47 n1. See ARVN (Army of the Republic of Viet Nam), also literature, French colonial; Lê, Linda 72, 76, 83 Accuracy in the Media, Television’s Vietnam: assimilation: Indochina, French colonial, 21–3, The Real Story, 2 30 n5, 31 n14; of the other, 36; politics of, Allende, Isabel, 198 249; and Viet Kieu, 70, 161. See also American national identity. See identity, cannibalism; borrowing, cultural American national Au Milieu du carrefour (Ly Thu Ho), 195, 200–3, American War/Vietnam War, 53–7, 69; 220–1: 204; and earlier Francophone novels, 202 in contemporary Viet Nam, 163; historical autobiography, 192, 226; unhinged, 242 erasure of, 55; in global ethnoscape, 54–5; mediascape of, 54; from the “other” side, Bà-–Dâm (Truong Dinh Tri and Teneuille),202 76–7; terms, defined, 63 n1; Vietnam v. Bachelard, Gaston, La Poétique de l’espace, 147, American War, 63; war syndrome, Vietnam, 149 181–7; in writing, Vietnamese diaspora, Bacholle, Michèle, 11–2 105–6. See also literature, of the American Bao Ninh, Sorrow of War, 79; “Wandering War/Vietnam War Souls,” 77 American, becoming, 160–1: and disowning, Barthes, Roland, 244, 248 104; and disavowal, 9 Bataille, Georges, 7–8 Annaud, Jean-Jacques, The Lover, 4, 146, 150 Baudenne,Antonin, Sao tiampa, épouse laotienne, anti-communism, 131 36, 40, 45, 46 anxieties, French colonial, 22, 25, 30, 43 Beauvoir, Simone de, The Second Sex, 12 Apocalypse Now (Coppola), 2 Bhabha, Homi, 5; The Location of Culture, 14, Appadurai,Arjun: globalization, and the 143; on translation, cultural, 156; on fixity, nation, 10, 55; on nations, reimagining of, 245, 250; liminal space in, 246; the and difference, 124 “unhomely,” 144 art, Vietnamese, 111; and anticolonial ideologies, Billotey, Pierre, Sao Kéo ou le bonheur immobile, 113; diaspora, 114–25; before Doi Moi, 114–5; 36, 39, 41, 43, 45, 46 Doi Moi, 10–1,13, 116; ethnic labels on, 124; Blue Lotus,The, 148 and globalization, 10,124–5; identity markers, borders, cultural: dialogue in, 5; crossing, 6, negotiating, 124; and national identity, 113–4, 228; and desire, 228; heterosexual, 123–4; Orientalist traditions in, 113; transgressing, 232–3; the in-between, 250; production: in Vietnam, 112; Southeast Asia, and the métèque, 243–4; screen as, 153 274 INDEX borrowing, culinary, 21–31; as subversive, privilege, European, 228; and religion, 153; 23–5; and alienation, 44; ambiguities of, 44; as a spatial praxis, 11; and the sacred, 11; by Vietnamese elite classes, 21–5; by French, 53–93; projection of identities, 57. Vietnamese lower and middle-classes, 23; See also identity, projected, under French, effects on Vietnamese, 22; French reaction British, and Dutch colonialism to, 23–9 con-gai (congaie). See also acculturation; borrowing, cultural: v. acculturation, 43–4; literature, French colonial; The Lover (Duras) from the other, 44; of Confucian-Taoist Confucian tragedy, 138 principles, 44; of Vietnamese lifestyle, 44; Confucianism: perfect wife, ideal of, 206; role Vietnamese reaction to, 26–7 of women, 195; and poetry, 225–6; “Three boundaries. See borders Obediences,” 206, 209 n6; marriage, Bourdieu, Pierre, 3 229–30; and evangilization, 156–7 Braidotti, Rosi, 243 Confucius, 196 Braudel, Fernand, The Mediterranean and the Coppola, Frances Ford: Apocalypse Now, 2 Mediterranean World in the Age of Phillip II, Cu Chi tunnels, 153 58, 61 cultural encounters. See relations, cross-cultural bricolage. See Le, Lam culture, Chinese, in Vietnam, 228; Vietnamese Britto, Karl Ashoka, 9–10 adaptations, 228–9; as system of privilege, Brogan, Kathleen, 77 229 Buddhism: in French colonial literature, culture, Vietnamese: “difference” of, 157 44–46; and decadence, 46; doctrine, 46; as Curbstone Press. See literature, of the pretext for passivity, 44; and samsara, 45; and American War/Vietnam War; in translation su-su, 45; in Tran Anh Hung, 178 Cyclo, 12, 136, 170–9; Vietnam in, 12; Bui Xuan Phai, 123; and the loneliness of rhizomes in, 176 urban life, 116 Butler, Judith, 6 Daney, Serge, 155 Dead End (Nguyên Công Hoan), 26 Cambodia, as pioneering frontier, 39 Deleuze, Félix, 12, 243, 249 Cambodia, ethnic minorities, 53 Deleuze, Gilles and Guattari, Félix, 12; Kafka: Cambodia, primitivist images of, 63 Toward a Minor Literature, 249; becoming- Cambodian women. See women, Southeast animal, 176; becoming-imperceptible, 176; Asian rhizomes, 12, 176–7, 243 cannibalism, 13, 241; cultural, 248; and Deleuze, Gílles, 12, 176, 249 plagiarism, 244–5 diaspora. See exile and diaspora Cartesian logic, breaking, 145–7 Dien Bien Phu, 4, Cartesian subject, 11 Dien Bien Phu, Schoendorffer, 146 Casseville, Henry, Sao, L’amoureuse tranquille, difference: postcolonial, as legacy of 36, 38 colonialism, 57; racial: and desire, 232 categories, colonial: 2, 7, 21; 233; subversion Dinh, Linh, 6, 7, 14 of, 37; imaginary, transgression of, 30; disavowal. See identity,American national; culinary, subversion of, 22, 23, 27, 30 literature,Asian American; literature, censorship, 120; of sadness in art, 117–125; in Vietnamese American Vietnam, 164; of women’s writings, 194 Discourse on Colonialism (Césaire), 232 Certeau, Michel de, 6 discourse, racializing, 232 Césaire,Aimé, Discourse on Colonialism, 232 dislocation. See exile and diaspora Chen, Ying, L’Ingratitude, 249 displacement. See exile and diaspora Chester, Suzanne, 225 divisions, social, in French colonial Indochina: “Chinh Phu Ngam,” 144 construction of, 21; subversion of, 22 Christopher, Renny, 9,105 Do Huu Phuong, 24–5, 30 n11 Chung, Ook, 241 Doi Moi, 76; 83 n12; Nguyen Van Linh on, 76; cinema, “appropriate,” 155 124. See also art, Vietnamese civilizing mission (mission civilisatrice), 231–233 Dông Khánh, 23 Clément, René, This Angry Age, 3 double, motif of: in Asian American literature, Co Cong women’s press, 194 103; in Lê, Linda, 244; role of disowning in colonial divisions. See categories, colonial formation of, 103; the self and its repudiated colonialism, 11; as conflict over the sacred, 151; shadow, 103. See also Kingston, Maxine French, and cinema, 153; colonizers, in eyes Hong colonized, 228; of the imaginary, 151; Doumer, Paul, 25 INDEX 275 dualities, transcending all, 245 See also Grosselier, Georges, Retour à l’argile, 40–1, 42, categories, colonial 45–6 DuBois, Thomas A., 99 Guattari, Félix, 12, 176, 249 Dubus,Andre, “Dressed Like Summer Leaves,” guilt: and self-hatred, 74–5; and subordination, 74 245 Duong Thu Huong, 76 Duras, Marguerite, 11, The Lover, 224–35; Un Hantover, Jeffrey, 116 Barrage Contre le Pacifique (The Seawall), 3, 15, haunting, trope of, 9, 77–82; in “ethnic” 224–5, 227–8; Eden Cinema, 224, 228; The American literature, 77; and ethnic identity, Vice Consul, 225 77; and the recuperation of history, 77; skeletons, as literary figure of war, 80; in Elsewhere, exotic, 55, 146 literature,American War/Vietnam War, Emerson, Gloria, 77 75–82 Emile (Rousseau), 196 Heinemann, Larry, “Paco’s Dream,” 78–9 encongayement. See acculturation Hergé, 148; see also Tintin epistolary genre: and communication, lack of, Heston, Charlton, 2 100 Hickey, Gerald C., 52, 60 erasure, historical. See identity,American history, Vietnamese: representing, problems in, national; literature,Asian American; 97–107 literature, Vietnamese American Ho Chi Minh, 3, 4; “Annamese Women and Eshleman, Clayton, 167 French Domination,” 230–1 ethnicization, of social life, 57. See also Hölderlin (Friedrich), 5 identities Hollywood, projected images of U.S. See ethnoscapes, global, in precolonial period, 60–1 images, projected everyday life, French colonial Indochina, Holmlund, Christine, 225 21–31 hybridity, culinary, in French colonial exile and diaspora, 6, 159–60, 243; and home, Indochina, 21, 25, 28; filmic,145; cultural: 7, diaspora’s dream of return: 248–9; exile, 22, in Viet Kieu literature, 81 See also internal, 123; “zigzagging,” 17–8; life in, 73; identities, hybrid narratives of displacement, 98–9. See also identity, mistranslated; identity, in-exile ideals:American feminine, and Vietnamese Existentialism, 7 women, 98–100; Confucian woman, 222; Vietnamese woman, 199–206; marriage, Fanon, Franz, Black Skin,White Masks, 242–3 Vietnamese, 205 fear, French. See anxieties, French identity markers, negotiating, 124 feminine ideal. See ideals identity papers, 123 Figes, Eva, 197 identity politics, 8, 63, 64–5 n16 “forgetting,” historical. See identity,American identity,American national, 9; and disavowal, national; erasure 71; and erasure historical, 71, 97–100; and French, Marilyn, 207 national historical narrative 9; Vietnamese, Friedman, Susan Stanford, 197 place in, 99 identity, ethnic, 52–63; as relational, 8, 59; gaze: exoticizing, 157; racist and nationalist, 99, ethnic designations, 53; Jarai, 57; Lawa, 62; 100; cross-cultural, 103; postcolonial, 11, 153 Moi, 54, 60, 62; “Pemsien,” 57, 64 n15; gender: ambiguity, 231–2; roles, Vietnamese v. Sedang, 57; Yao, 62 Western, 196; constraints, 204–5; double identity, Montagnard, 10; and anti- standard, 196–7; heterosexuality, compulsory: communism, 54; and Dega, as global 232–3; roles, traditional Vietnam, 195, identities, 56; as a deterritorialized identity, 200–1, 206; roles, tragedies of, 207 8; as an identity-in-exile, 56; as a projected Giai Pham (journal), 117 identity, 8, 56; associated imagery, 53; and globalization: and the nationalization of nostalgia, 55–6, 58, 62–3; connotations, 55; difference, 53–4. See also art, Vietnamese debates over, 8, 52–5; European Gorman, Jerry, 5 connotations, 58; historical erasures, 54–5, Gosha, Christopher, 59 59, 62; and Indochina, phantasmatic Greene, Graham: The Quiet American, 4 constructions of, 63; projection of, 56; Greenwood, Davydd, 57 relation to Vietnam, 8; in the global Greer, Germaine, 198 ethnoscape, 8. See also identity; annd the grief. See identity; re-visioning through Internet 276 INDEX identity, Vietnamese: anxieties and historical Other Side of Heaven: Postwar Fiction by crises, 112; diasporic challenges to, 112–125; Vietnamese and American Writers, 71–82 in global world, 113; Vietnameseness,124; Karnow, Stanley, Vietnam:A Television History, Vietnameseness, as defined in art, 114; 2–3 Vietnameseness, diasporic challenges to, Kham la Laotienne (Royer), 36, 39, 40, 41 114–7; Vietnameseness: negotiated identity, Kingston, Maxine Hong, The Woman Warrior, 124–5 104; and doubling, 104 identity: 22; abjected, 9, 105–6; and alterity, Kureishi, Hanif, The Buddha of Suburbia, 13 246; in Butler, 6; colonial, ambiguities of, 22; in de Certeau, 6; colonial, subversion of, L’Ingratitude (Chen), 249 10; construction of, 8; in contemporary language, as home, 161 Vietnam, 19; cultural, in crisis, narratives of, Lao women. See women, Southeast Asian 37; defined, 22; and displacement, 159; Laos, ethnic minorities, 53 deterritorialized, 55; and displacement, 159; Laos, primitivist images of, 63 drifting, 243; ethnicization of, 64 n16; fabric Laude, Patrick, 7–8, 10–1, 12–3 of, 6; fluid, urban, 21, 30; French colonial, Le Colonial (restaurant), 3 24; in French colonial Indochina, 6; global, Le Luu, “The Rucksack,” 77 10, 56; grounding of, 8; hybrid, 24; identity- Le Minh Khue, 9, 71–72, 76 in-exile, 56–7; imagined, 57; and the Le Mirage de la paix (Ly Thu Ho), 195, 203–7 Internet, 52–3, 56–8, 62, in Lefebfre, 6; Le Phat Thanh, 25, 27 misrecognition and disavowal, 10; mistaken, Le, Lam, 11; L’Atelier de l’Epée de Bois, 156; 50; (mis)translated, 6, 17; and mixed race cinema as “total art,” 156; on Confucianism women, 237–9; mobile and modulating, 6; and evangilization, 156–7; Rencontre des naming, 167; and practices of everyday life, nuages et du dragon, 155; Poussière d’Empire, 6; and place, 56; projected, 2, 8–9, 12; 11, 14, 143–56 projected, of Asian as enemy, 99; projected, Lê, Linda: on acculturation, tale of success, under colonialism, British, Dutch, and 245; on “boat people,” 241–2; on “ethnic” French, 57; projected, as means of control, experience, 245; on the exiled writer, figure 57; and projected images, 9, 11, 98; regional, of, 242; Les Evangiles du crime (“Vinh L.”), 28; routinization of, 54, 55, 60; 64 n8; and 13, 241–2, 244–50; as the other, 242–3; state control, 62; and statemaking, 60; Slander, 241, 243; on Third World subversive, 30; translocal frameworks of, 63; testimonial, 245 transnational, 56; urban, French colonial Lec, Stanislaw Jersy, 241 Indochina, 30; of Vietnamese art(ist), 10. See Lefebvre, Henri, 6 also Buddhism; globalization Lefebvre, Lucien, 151 images, projected: of U.S., in Vietnam, 98 Lefèvre, Kim, Métisse Blanche, 26, 28 imaginary, French colonial, 3 Les Chemins de la révolte (Nguyen Tien Lang), Immigrant Acts (Lowe), 99 227–8 indigénisation. See acculturation Levinas, Emmanuel, 153, 155 Indochina (representation), 3, 56; and cultural Litérature et identité créole aux Antilles, (Rosello), hybridity, 3; and historical erasure, 4; in 247 international culture market, 3; and literature,Asian American: characteristics of, neocolonialism, 3; phantasmatic, 63; 98. See also double, motif of; literature, of postcolonial era, 3; restaurant marketing, 3; American War/Vietnam War and the Western imaginary, 4 literature, Francophone Vietnamese, 13, 224–6; Indochine (restaurant), 3 novels, 224, 229; first monographs, 225; Indochine (Wargnier), 146, 150 poetry in 225; novels, French male authors, influence, cultural, on colonizer. See 231 acculturation literature, French colonial, 35–48: acculturation, novel of, 7, 35–47 ; colonial Jayawardena, Kumari, 206 novel, 7; con-gai novel, 13, 38, 230–1; Jonsson, Hjorleifur, 8–9, 10, 12 colonial v. exotic novel, 7, 35; cultural encounters in, 35–48; exotic novels, 35; Kafka:Toward a Minor Literature (Deleuze and named for females, 36; of acculturation, Guattari, 249) identity in, 8; Cambodian (see Grosselier, Karlin, Wayne, 9 Georges) Karlin, Wayne, 71–2; “Point Lookout,” 77–8; literature, of American War/Vietnam War, and Le Minh Khue and Truong Vu, The 69–83; by Euro-American writers, 69, 74–5; INDEX 277

and American masculinity, 74; “literature of Nguoi nguoi lop lop (Tran Dan), 117–8 return,” 72, 82 n10; by SRV writers, 69; Nguyen Mong Giac, 76 similarities, Euro-American and Viet Kieu, Nguyen Quang Thieu, “Two Village 72–73; in translation, 69; and Vietnamese Women,” 77 American literature, 69; by Vietnamese Nguyen Qui Duc, 83 n10 American writers, 69–70; by Viet Kieu Nguyen Tien Lang, Les Chemins de la révolte, writers, 72–74; hybridity, in Viet Kieu 227–8, 231 narratives. See also haunting Nguyen Xuan Hoang (Viet Kieu writer), literature, refugee v. immigrant. See literature, “The Autobiography of a Useless Person,” Vietnamese American; literature,Asian 73 American Nguyên Công Hoan, Dead End, 26 literature, Vietnamese American; and American Nguyên Huu Dô, 24–5 national narrative, writing against, 97; Nguyen, Nathalie, 12 compared to Asian American literature, 9, Nietzsche (Frederich), 7 70; and disavowal, 9; as refugee, 70; nomadic subject, 243 transpacific influences, 71. See also literature, Norindr, Panivong, 2, 10–1, 116, 225. See also of the American War/Vietnam War Phantasmatic Indochina: French Colonial literature, Vietnamese: contemporary authors Ideology in Art, Film, and Literature and titles, 189–90; Vietnamese national Nosferatu, Murneau, 150 poem, 226; verse romances, 226; novel, 226; nostalgia: French colonial, 3, 116; in Tran autobiography, 226; and cultural borders, Trong Vu, 116–7; of Hanoi foreign 226; prose novel, women characters in, 226; community, 116; and social engineering. See in Vietnamese culture, 189–90, 219–20; also Vietnam (representation); identity, Vietnamese, essence of, 220; and Montagnard Westernization, 220 Lowe, Lisa, 9, 70–1; Immigrant Acts, 99 O’Brien, Tim, 76 Ly Thu Ho, 12–3;193–209, 224; and Beauvoir, Obeyesekere, Gannath, 246–7 12; compared with Western women writers, Ollier, Leakthina Chau-Pech, 13 207; daughters in, 193–5; and French Ông Tây An-nam (Nam Xuong), 27 feminism, 208; influences, 194–5; Au Milieu Orientalism, postcolonial, 123 du carrefour, 195; Le Mirage de la paix, 195, Orlando Furioso, Ronconi, 156 203–7; novels, as subversive, 208; Printemps other, the; 248, colonial, encounter with: 242; inachevé, 195–200; 200–3; Prix littéraire de desire for, 246; rewriting, 9; identification l’Asie, 195; the prostitute in, 195, 199–200; with, undermining, 245; misapprehension representations of mothers, 193–5, 200; the of, 242; obsession with, The Lover, 231; servant in, 195; textual politics, 208 obsession with, Vietnamese Francophone literature, 224; racial, 232; re-visioning, Mandel, Georges, 2 though grief, 72; the Western imaginary, in, Mascolo, Dionys, 5 242; in Western literary tradition, 45; passim McGuinness, Stephen, 115 othering, 3 Mee, Wendy, 10, 56, 112 otherness:Asian, 99; in Asian American Memmi,Albert, 2; The Colonizer and the literature, 104; in colonial literature, 35–47; Colonized, 227–9 racial, 101. See also women, Southeast Asian Métisse Blanche (Lefèvre), 26, 28 MIAs, 79–80, 83 n17 Palcy, Euzhan, Rue Case nègres, 144 Miller, Casey, 196 Peters, Erica J., 6–7, 10–1, 14–5 Mnouchkine, [Ariane], 89, 156 Pham Quynh, 242–3 Montagnard identity. See identity, Montagnard Pham Thi Xuan Ban (pseud. Y Ban): on Montagnard, organization, 56 writing, 190–1; on literature in Vietnam, Murneau, F. W., Nosferatu, 150 189–90; on Western writers, 192; on “A My, Michel, 28–9 Worthy Résumé,” 192 Pham Van Ky, 194, 224 Nam Xuong, Ông Tây An-nam (Mr. French Pham,Andrew, 83 n10 Vietnamese), 27 Phan Huy Duong, 80–1 national identity, Vietnamese. See art, Phantasmatic Indochina: French Colonial Ideology Vietnamese in Art, Film, and Literature (Norindr), 2, 225 neo-lacanians, 8 Philip Caputo, “A Soldier’s Burial,” 74 Ngo Tu Lap, “Waiting for a Friend,” 78–9 plagiarism. See cannibalism 278 INDEX

Plum Blossom Gallery, 114–5 Rue Case nègres (Palcy), 144 Poétique de l’espace (Bachelard), 147 RVN (Republic of Viet Nam), 70 Poussière d’Empire (Lam Le), 143–156; and the Bible, 150; bricolage, 155–7; Cartesian logic, Said, Edward, 243 breaking of, 145–47; and colonial Salemink, Oscar, 57 archetypes, 147; compared with Tran Anh Sanda, Dominique, 145–9, 150 Hung, 157; cross-cultural resonances, 148; Sao Kéo ou le bonheur immobile (Billotey), 36, and cultural identity, blurring of, 153; and 39, 41, 43, 45, 46 the gaze, postcolonial, 153; and German Sao tiampa, épouse laotienne (Baudenne and expressionism, 150; and globalization, 11; Starbach), 36, 40, 45, 46 hybrid cinematic aesthetic, 11; hybridity of, Sao, L’amoureuse tranquille (Casseville), 36, 38 145; and the mimetic impulse, 155; and the Schoendorffer, Pierre, Dien Bien Phu, 146; La other, absolute, quest of, 157; reception, 146, 317e Section, 157 155; stylization, Chinese-painterly, 150; and Segal, Erich, Love Story, 242 Tàpies, 146; and the sacred, 150; theater, self-immolation, 130 influence of, 148–149; and Titus Carmel, Silliman, Ron, 166 148; and the uncanny, 146; Vietnamese Socé, Ousmane, Mirages de Paris, 202 space, veiling of, 151–2; Vietnamese space, Socialist Realism, 120; in art, 115 desacralizing, 153; and Western pop cultural Sorrow of War (Bao Ninh), 79 forms, 148 Southeast Asia, representations of: as European Pouvourville,Albert de, “Le geste révélateur,” self-representation, 46 37–8, “L’homme à la ceinture,” 43–4; Southeast Asian Women. See women, colonial corpus, 47 n2 Southeast Asian practices, cultural, in French colonial SRV (Socialist Republic of Viet Nam), 69, 71; Indochina: 24–9; banquets, 23–5; weddings, filmic aesthetic, 154–5 25; Lao, popular, 40, 42 Starbach, Gaston, Sao tiampa, épouse laotienne, 36, Pratt, Mary Louise, 2 40, 45, 46 Print Press, Vietnamese language in United stereotypes: avoiding, in art, 124; of outside, in States, 82 n1 Vietnam, 162; and silence, 123; smiling Printemps inachevé (Ly Thu Ho), 195–200, 204 Asian, 120, 123; of Taiwanese, in Vietnam, propaganda, French colonial: images of 163 Indochina, 2; and the French colonial Stévenin, Jean-François, 145–7, 150 subject, 2 Stone of Waiting (pierre d’attente), 150 PRVN (People’s Army of Vietnam), 76, 83 Stone, Robert, “Helping,” 74; and Post Puipia, Chatchai, “Siamese Smile,” 123 Traumatic Stress Syndrome, 74; “Helping,” 78 race, and racism, 161, 166; in The Lover, subject, the: dislocated, 245; French colonial, 2, 229–30; perceived abstractly, 104 8; Western, 13; relation to its other, 14 Rapp, Bernard, Caractères, 242, 244 Suleri, Sara, 13; The Rhetoric of English India, Reading Asian American Literature (Wong),103 226–7 refugee, 77 Sulfur, see Eshleman, Clayton relations, cross-cultural: in colonial literature, Swift, Kate, 196 35–48; and prelapsarian state, 43 relations, interracial, representations of, 200–2; Tale of Kieu,The, 195, 199–200, 208, 209 n11 in The Lover, 229 Taylor, Nora A., 10–1 Retour à l’argile (Grosselier), 40–1, 42, 45–6 Television’s Vietnam:The Real Story (Accuracy rhizomes. See Deleuze, Gilles, and Guattari, in the Media), 2 Félix; Cyclo Thailand, ethnic minorities, 53–4 Ricouart, Janine, 225 The Buddha of Suburbia (Kureishi), 13 Ronconi, Orlando Furioso, 156 The Location of Culture (Bhabha), 5, 14, 143; on Rootham, Mireille Mai, 225 translation, cultural, 156; on fixity, 245, 250; Rosaldo, Renato, 5 liminal space in, 246; the “unhomely,” 144 Rosello, Mireille, Litérature et identité créole aux The Lover (Annaud), 4, 146, 150 Antilles, 247 The Lover (Duras), 224–35; ambiguity, gender, Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, Emile, 196 in 231–3; ambiguity, political and social, in, routinization. See identity: routinization of 232;Asians, treatment of, 229; and the con- Royer, Louis-Royer, Kham la Laotienne, 36, 39, gai novel, 13, 230; and Francophone 40, 41 Vietnamese literature, 226; and Memmi’s INDEX 279

colonial categories, 229; and privileged VC, Viet Cong, 54 space, 227; and Vietnamese nationalism, 227 Viet Kieu, 71, 159–68; assimilation of, 70, 161; The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in defined, 82 n6; art production, 112–25; the Age of Phillip II, (Braudel), 58, 61 women, and abjection, 98; women, and The Other Side of Heaven: Postwar Fiction by otherness, 98; writers, 69–74, 76–7, 80–1; Vietnamese and American Writers (Karlin, Le writers, in France, 80. See also Phan Huy Minh Khue, Truong Vu), 9, 71–82 Duong The Quiet American (Greene), 4 Vietnam (representation): and American The Scent of Green Papaya (Tran Anh Hung), national identity, 2–3; associated imagery, 11–2, 144, 150, 170–9; representation of 53; discourses of, 1–3; as an imaginary and Vietnam, 11; and colonial identities, 11–2; cultural tableau, 1; as a lost object of desire, and silencing of history, 12. See also 1; representations of, 1–3; and the colonial Buddhism subject, 1; recoding of, 4 The Second Sex (Beauvoir), 12 Vietnam Studies Group (e-mail discussion Third Cinema, 154 site), 8, 52, 57 This Angry Age (Clément), 3 Vietnam War. See American War/Vietnam This Angry Age (Clément), 3 War Thom Jones, “The Pugilist at Rest,” 74, 76 Vietnam, Central Highlands (Tay Nguyen), Tintin, 11 52–63 tourism. See art, Vietnamese Vietnam:A Television History (Karnow), 2–3 Tran Anh Hung, 11–2, 170–9; The Scent of Vietnam: north/south relations, 163–4; social Green Papaya, 11–2, 144, 150, 170–9; Cyclo, relation in, 162, U.S. embargo, 115. See also 12; exoticing gaze, 157; fatherlessness, censorship cultural, problem of, 170; Vietnamese society: ambiguities, social and Tran Dan, 10, 117–123; anticommunist political: in colonial Indochina, 232; gender dissidence, 117–8; Nguoi nguoi lop lop, 117–8; roles and family relationships. See also Ly “Nhat Dinh Thang,” 120. See also Tran Thu Ho Trong Vu Vietnamese women. See women, Southeast Tran Dieu Hang, 82 n1 Asian; women, Vietnamese Tran Trong Vu, 10–1, 112–25; “La Chambre “Vinh L.” (Lê), 244–50 pluviale,” 118–9; debt to Tran Dan, 117–23; “Document Intime” (“Intimate Wargnier, Régis, Indochine, 146, 150 Document”), 120–2; “Lampes aveugles,” water hyacinth, the. See identity; drifting 120; and Vietnamese identity, 112. See also Williams, Lea, 228 nostalgia; censorship; stereotypes, identity Willis, Sharon, Marguerite Duras:Writing on the papers; art, Vietnamese Body, 233, 234 n3 Tran Vu, 82 n1; “The House Behind the Winston, Jane (Bradley), 225 Temple of Literature,” 73 Wolders, O. W.,60 Trân Tê Xuong, 26, 27 women, European, in French colonial Tran, Qui-Phiet, 189–192 literature, 39 transgression, in colonial literature, 41; 168; 156 women, Southeast Asian, in French colonial transnational identities. See identities; literature: 12; “Asian Eve,” 7, 36–39; transnational assimilation of, 41; Cambodian and Lao (pou Trinh T. Minh-ha, 6, 245 sao), as ‘uncivilized,” 39–41; Cambodian Truong Dinh Tri and Teneuille,Albert de, Bà- and Lao, and “contemplative repose,” 40; Dâm, 202 Cambodian and Lao, as embodiment of Truong Hong Son (pseud.Truong Vu), 9, 71–2 otherness, 39; Cambodian and Lao, Truong Van Tran, 4–5 perceived by Vietnamese women, 47 n4; as Truong Vu. See Truong Hong Son catalyst of acculturation, 36; as emblem of Truong, Monique Thuy-Dung, 9–11; “Kelly,” Asian culture, 7; objectification of, 40; as 9, 97–107 same and other, 58; as subversive, 40; and the “uncivilizing pull,” 36; Vietnamese v. University of Massachusetts Press. See Lao and Cambodian, 39; Vietnamese, 55; literature, of the American War/Vietnam Vietnamese, as national symbol, 208; War; in translation Vietnamese, in Tran Anh Hung, 12; urban liberation, 7 Vietnamese, in Ly Thu Ho, 12. See also con- urbanization, in French colonial Indochina, gai; Ly Thu Ho; The Scent of Green Papaya; 21–31 Cyclo 280 INDEX women, Vietnamese: double consciousness, writing: and the (dis)alienation of 197; and national culture, 206; perception of identity, 246, 248; and fasting, 249; as a European women, 197–8, 209 n15; and woman, 220; in U.S. v. Vietnam, social and political alliances, 200, 209 n12; 164–5 and tradition, 196; writers, 194, 208 n1. See also women, Southeast Asian Xuan Thieu, “Please Don’t Knock at Wong, Sau-ling Cynthia, Reading Asian My Door,” 74–77; and haunting, American Literature, 103 75 Writers’ Association Publishing House, 114 writers, Euro-American. See literature, of the Y Ban. See Pham Thi Xuan Ban American War/Vietnam War Yeager, Jack A., 13