Un Siglo De Controversia 1906 – 2006

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Un Siglo De Controversia 1906 – 2006 TEMA DE ESTE EJEMPLAR: UN SIGLO DE CONTROVERSIA 1906 – 2006 Volumen 37 Abril 2006 No. 3 Versión al Español: César Hernández Castillo 2 ARTÍCULOS EN ESTE EJEMPLAR: 3.- EDITORIAL……………………………………………..Alan E. Highers El Camino de la División 6. El Primer Instrumento ……………………………………..Phil Sanders 10. “Siga Tocando, Señorita Bertha”…………….…………….Don Morris 15. ¿Quién Provocó la División? ……………………………Ancil Jenkins 19. El Debate Hardeman-Boswell …………………….........Hugh Fulford 23. Debates Significativos sobre la Cuestión de la Música Gary McDade 29. Autoridad Bíblica acerca de la Adoración……………….Dan Winkler 34. ¿Importa? ………………………………………………......David Pharr 38. ¿Qué Fue lo que Llevó al Censo de 1906? ……...William Woodson 42. El Camino de la Reconciliación…………………...Winford Claiborne Versión al español: César Hernández Castillo Tampico, Tam. Septiembre de 2013 http://andandoenlaverdad.wordpress.com/ La Espada Espiritual - Un Siglo de Controversia 3 El Camino de la División Muchos quizá no sepan que las iglesias cristianas (Discípulos de Cristo), las iglesias cristianas (Independientes), y las iglesias de Cristo alguna vez fueron un solo cuerpo. En ese tiempo, la práctica de todos era cantar alabanzas a Dios sin acompañamiento de instrumentos. Ya en 1851 en el Millenial Harbinger (El Heraldo Milenial), Alexander Campbell describió lo indebido del instrumento musical en el culto como comparable a “un cencerro en un concierto”. J. W. McGarvey, sumamente reconocido como erudito, escribió en 1864; “En los primeros años de la presente Reforma había completa unanimidad en el rechazo del instrumento musical de nuestra adoración pública. Fue declarado inescritural y discordante con las instituciones cristianas, y una fuente de corrupción” (Choate y Woodson, 24). La declaración de McGarvey fue en 1864, solo cinco años después de que el primer instrumento fuera introducido en la iglesia de Midway, Kentucky. Habló de un tiempo cuando había “completa unanimidad” en oposición al instrumento musical, esto es, un tiempo en que todos practicaban lo mismo. El Primer Instrumento Se reconoce generalmente que el primer instrumento introducido en el culto de las iglesias que buscaban el “antiguo orden” fue en Midway Kentucky, en 1859. El resultado fue la división no solo en Midway, sino en todo lugar. Muchos sentían que el instrumento era una adición no autorizada para el culto, y no podían, en buena consciencia, adorar con él. En todos los demás casos, la actitud de los otros era “Queremos el instrumento, lo tendremos, y los que se opongan pueden ya sea aceptarlo o irse”. Los hermanos algunas veces fueron forzados a salir de las congregaciones en donde ningún instrumento se había usado previamente y fuera de los edificios que habían ayudado a construir. Fueron abandonados a reunirse en sus casas, edificios de escuelas, o donde sea que pudieran para adorar en la manera en que creían consistente con las Escrituras. La división ocasionada por la introducción del instrumento musical, junto con las sociedades misioneras y otras causas, se esparció por todas partes y trastocó a una hermandad alguna vez pacífica. J. W. McGarvey, Moses Lard, David Lipscomb, y otros permanecieron firmes en su oposición al uso de los instrumentos musicales en la adoración. McGarvey advirtió que “quienes defienden esta innovación a la adoración apostólica, están metiendo una cuña que está destinada a partir en pedazos a cientos de congregaciones y provocar la alienación de los adoradores tanto entre predicadores como entre iglesias” (Choate y Woodson, 33). Las palabras de McGarvey resultaron ser proféticas. La iglesia Broadway en Lexington, Kentucky, donde McGarvey predicó de 1871 a 1882, y más tarde continuó como anciano, votó en 23 de noviembre de 1902, para introducir el órgano al culto y de ese modo forzaron a McGarvey a salir. Dejó Broadway y puso su membresía con la iglesia de Chesnut Street que no usaba el instrumento. La experiencia de McGarvey podría multiplicarse muchas veces más. Una y otra vez, cuando el órgano se hizo más y más popular, las iglesias “elegían” el órgano y otros instrumentos, y de ese modo “rechazaban” a los miembros que no podían, conscientemente, adorar con el instrumento. Finalmente, quienes se oponían al instrumento no tuvieron otra opción que quedarse y violar sus consciencias o irse y empezar http://andandoenlaverdad.wordpress.com/ La Espada Espiritual - Un Siglo de Controversia 4 una nueva. Muchos abandonaron las congregaciones que habían ayudado a establecer y los edificios que se habían sacrificado para construir y regresaron nuevamente a reunirse en casas, edificios escolares, tejabanes, y otras instalaciones hasta que pudieran construir edificios en los que adoraran de acuerdo al “antiguo orden”. El Censo de 1960 Por el tiempo del censo religioso de 1906, las iglesias de Cristo y las iglesias cristianas fueron enlistadas de manera separada. La división ya era una realidad, pero el reporte del censo gubernamental la hizo oficial. A principios de 1927, las iglesias cristianas se dividieron en iglesias cristianas (Discípulos de Cristo), e iglesias cristianas (Independientes). Los Discípulos se habían movido hacia la izquierda y habían tomado su lugar en el mundo denominacional. James DeForest Murch, conocido historiador de las iglesias cristianas (Independientes) se refirió a los Discípulos como “izquierdistas”, y llamó a las iglesias de Cristo “derechistas”, y designó a las Independientes (el grupo con el que se identificaba) como “centristas”. Murch reconoció que al momento en que escribió, “los derechistas tienen más congregaciones y más miembros que los centristas e izquierdistas combinados” (Murch, 309). Las iglesias de Cristo han mantenido la práctica original de las iglesias de Nuevo Testamento, cantando en el culto sin acompañamiento musical. Murch comentó que “la iglesia de Cristo ha tenido un crecimiento fenomenal”. Le atribuye la siguiente razón a tan notable crecimiento: “Su gente se ha mantenido como la Roca de Gibraltar por „la fe que ha sido una vez entregada a los santos‟, en medio de la duda y la confusión superinducida por el liberalismo. Han desafiado al espíritu de compromiso y mundanalidad, y se han atrevido a ser un pueblo „peculiar‟ enseñando y practicando lo que creen es el camino bíblico de vida”. (Murch, 313) Es verdaderamente sorprendente que ahora algunos en las iglesias de Cristo propongan sacrificar la distintividad y convicción que es lo que ha causado tan gran crecimiento. Desde el censo religioso de 1906 hasta el tiempo presente en 2006, ha habido “un siglo de controversia”. Durante los primeros días, había muchos debates entre las iglesias cristianas y las iglesias de Cristo sobre el uso de los instrumentos musicales en la adoración. Varios diferentes argumentos se propusieron para justificar el instrumento. Primero, se argumentó que el instrumento musical en el culto era bíblico. Otros afirmaron que era una ayuda para la adoración, pero no una parte de la adoración misma. En el análisis final, muchos han abandonado todo intento de encontrar justificación bíblica para la práctica, alegando que no es necesaria ninguna autoridad. Su objetivo principal ha sido trivializar el asunto, haciéndolo parecer como una cuestión insignificante, no digna de una consideración seria, y que no debe ser una barrera para la comunión entre quienes usan los instrumentos y los que no. ¿Dónde Está la Escritura? Casi perdida en la discusión actual, se encuentra la pregunta final. ¿Dónde está el pasaje? ¿Qué Escritura justifica una adición no autorizada a la adoración? Jesús habló de aquellos cuya adoración es vana, “Enseñando como doctrinas, mandamientos de hombres”. (Mat. 15:9). La cuestión de la autoridad no era algo trivial para el Señor. Él afirmó que quienes adoran a Dios deben hacerlo “en espíritu y en verdad” (Jn. 4:24). Si los predicadores y polemistas de la iglesia cristiana hubieran sido capaces de citar este versículo, hace tiempo que lo hubieran hecho. Si hubieran encontrado autoridad para su práctica, no se habrían movido sin descanso de un argumento a otro al paso de los años en un intento de defender su práctica. El hecho de que no pudieran encontrar justificación para su práctica en las Escrituras, es lo que finalmente los llevó a exclamar: “¿Qué necesidad tenemos de autoridad?” Hace muchos años, Homer Hailey escribió un libro que tituló Attitudes and Consequences (Actitudes y Consecuencias). La tesis del libro era que los hombres desarrollan y formulan muy distintas actitudes hacia las Escrituras. Luego demostró que hay consecuencias que se derivan de esas actitudes fundamentales. Los católicos romanos tienen una actitud en particular con respecto a la Biblia. Dada la actitud que poseen, http://andandoenlaverdad.wordpress.com/ La Espada Espiritual - Un Siglo de Controversia 5 su posición religiosa es entendible. Se deduce naturalmente de sus premisas con respecto a la naturaleza de las Escrituras. Los protestantes tienen una actitud diferente hacia las Escrituras, y sus credos, dogmas, y doctrinas reflejan el tipo de actitud que manifiestan hacia las fuentes bíblicas. Hailey desarrolló su tesis incluso con respecto al Movimiento de Restauración – el esfuerzo por restaurar el cristianismo del Nuevo Testamento en la presente era. Algunos desarrollaron la actitud de que “la iglesia debe adaptarse a las condiciones cambiantes de los tiempos”. Otros mantuvieron “la actitud original de que el Nuevo Testamento revela un patrón fijo para la iglesia de todos los tiempo” (Hailey, 69). Una vez más, si examinamos la manera de pensar
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