DOCSLIB.ORG

PRB's Population Handbook

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PRB's Population Handbook PRB’s Population Handbook A quick guide to population dynamics for journalists, policymakers, teachers, students, and other people interested in demographics BY ARTHUR HAUPT, THOMAS T. KANE, AND CARL HAUB 6TH EDITION 2011 www.prb.org POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU The Population Reference Bureau INFORMS people around the world about population, health, and the environment, and EMPOWERS them to use that information to ADVANCE the well-being of current and future generations. Copyright ©1978, 1985, 1988, 1991, 1998, 2004, 2011 OFFICERS by the Population Reference Bureau. All rights reserved. Martin Vaessen, Chair of the Board Director, Demographic and Health Research Division, ICF Macro, Sixth edition Calverton, Maryland Printed in the U.S.A. Margaret Neuse, Vice Chair of the Board Twelfth printing, 2011 Independent Consultant, Washington, D.C. Stanley Smith, Secretary of the Board Professor and Director, Bureau of Economic and Business Research, Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data University of Florida, Gainesville Haupt, Arthur, 1945- Richard F. Hokenson, Treasurer of the Board Director, Hokenson and Company, Lawrenceville, New Jersey Population Reference Bureau’s Population Handbook Wendy Baldwin, President and Chief Executive Officer (Sixth edition) Population Reference Bureau, Washington, D.C. 1. Population—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Demography—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Kane, TRUSTEES George Alleyne, Director Emeritus, Pan American Health Organization/ Thomas T. 1951- II. Population Reference Bureau. World Health Organization, Washington, D.C. III. Title. IV. Title: Population handbook. Felicity Barringer, National Correspondent, Environment, HB871.H357 1991 304.6’02’02 91-66596 The New York Times, San Francisco ISSN 0-917136-12-8 Marcia Carlson, Associate Professor of Sociology, University of Wisconsin, Madison Elizabeth Chacko, Associate Professor of Geography and International Affairs, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. Bert T. Edwards, Retired Partner, Arthur Andersen LLP, and former CFO, U.S. State Department, Washington, D.C. Francis L. Price, President and Chief Executive Officer, Interact Performance Systems and Magna Saxum Partners in Cleveland, Ohio To become a PRB member or to order PRB materials, contact and Anaheim, California. PRB, 1875 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 520, Washington, DC 20009-5728; Tel.: 800-877-9881; Fax: 202-328-3937; Michael Wright, Managing Director for Coastal East Africa, World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C. E-mail: [email protected]; Website: www.prb.org. Montague Yudelman, Former Director, Agriculture and Rural The suggested citation, if you quote from this publication, is: Development, World Bank, Washington, D.C. Population Reference Bureau’s Population Handbook (Sixth Edition). For permission to reproduce portions from the Population Handbook, write to PRB, Attn: Permissions; or e-mail: [email protected]. PRB’s Population Handbook 6th Edition 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS BY ARTHUR HAUPT, THOMAS T. KANE, AND CARL HAUB ABOUT POPULATION ................................................................................. 2 Now in its sixth edition, PRB’s Population Handbook is also AGE AND SEX COMPOSITION .................................................................. 4 available online. Each updated chapter is on PRB’s website, FERTILITY ................................................................................................... 9 www.prb.org/Reports/2011/prb-population-handbook-2011.www.prb-population-handbook-2011.aspx. aspx. FACTORS AFFECTING FERTILITY .......................................................... 14 Since its publication in 1978, PRB’s Population Handbook has appeared in several languages and has been circulated MORTALITY ............................................................................................... 16 Since its publication in 1978, PRB’s Population Handbook around the world. It has been used by thousands of teachers has appeared in several languages and has been circulated MORBIDITY ............................................................................................... 21 and students in fields such as sociology, geography, and around the world. It has been used by thousands of teachers urban studies. Journalists refer to the handbook as an and students in fields such as sociology, geography, and NUPTIALITY .............................................................................................. 23 authoritative guide in preparing population-related stories, urban studies. Journalists refer to the handbook as an while policymakers and planners have found it to be a ready MIGRATION ............................................................................................... 24 authoritative guide in preparing population-related stories, reference to the rates, ratios, and concepts of demography. while policymakers and planners have found it to be a ready RACE AND ETHNICITY ............................................................................ 26 Understanding the broad implications of population change reference to the rates, ratios, and concepts of demography. is important to those who make decisions and inform others HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES ................................................................ 27 Understanding the broad implications of population change about demographic change around the world. is important to those who make decisions and inform others URBANIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION .................................................... 28 about demographic change around the world. POPULATION CHANGE ............................................................................ 29 POPULATION HANDBOOK www.prb.org 1 ABOUT POPULATION Everyone is a member of a population, and population factors have an impact on many facets of life—from where we live to the prices we pay for goods and services. The need for health care preoccupies the political leaders of the industrialized countries whose populations are “aging,” while the need for classrooms, employment opportunities, and housing preoccupies the leaders of countries that are still growing rapidly. Population conditions influence history. Likewise, historical events can significantly affect populations. Wars can decimate a generation of men, as happened in the 20th century in the then-Soviet Union, France, Iraq, and several other countries. The discovery of new medicines often leads to increases in life expectancy, and different causes of death become more prominent. Alternatively, population change may sound a warning of other important changes. Environmental contamination may be detected first by increased reports of illness and rising mortality rates in certain geographic areas. In all these ways and more, population is news. Population information is best communicated in terms of numbers and rates. It is not enough to know that life expectancy is increasing. How many years are being added? Over what time period has the change occurred? Which people are affected? What proportion of the population do they represent? Such information is more meaningful when it provides an indication of the magnitude and distribution of the phenomenon, as well as the trend. To be useful, data must be expressed clearly as well as accurately. Birth rates are often confused with growth rates; declining growth rates are sometimes mistakenly equated with declining population size. Demography is the scientific study of population. Demographers seek to know the levels and trends in population size and its components. They search for explanations of demographic change and their implications for societies. They use censuses, birth and death records, surveys, visa records, even motor vehicle and school registrations. They shape these data into manageable forms such as simple counts, rates, or ratios. Most of the principal measures used in demography are defined on the following pages, together with recent examples of their use. The purpose of this Population Handbook is to clarify and explain demographic terms to journalists, policymakers, teachers, students, and others who need to understand and communicate about population. The Tools of Demography COUNT The absolute number of a population or any demographic event occurring in a specified area in a specified time period. (For example, 2,027,000 live births occurred in Egypt in 2010.) The raw quantities of demographic events are the basis of all other statistical refinements and analyses. RATE The frequency of demographic events in a population during a specified time period (usually a year) divided by the population “at risk” of the event occurring during that time period. Rates tell how common it is for a given event to occur. (For example, in 2008 in Zambia the death rate was 16 per 1,000 population.) Most rates are expressed per 1,000 population. Crude rates are rates computed for an entire population. Specific rates are computed for a subgroup, usually the population more nearly approximating the population “at risk” of the event. (For example, the general fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15 to 49.) Thus, rates can be age-specific, sex-specific, race-specific, occupation-specific, and so on. In practice, some measures that are referred to as rates would be more accurately termed ratios. RATIO The relation of one population subgroup to the total population or to another subgroup; that is, one subgroup divided by another. (For example, the sex ratio in France in 2010
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mapping, Understanding, and Translating
    Appreciating Assets: The Contribution of Religion to Universal Access in Africa Mapping, Understanding, Translating and Engaging Religious Health Assets in Zambia and Lesotho In support of Universal Access to HIV/AIDS Treatment, Care and Prevention Report of The African Religious Health Assets Program (ARHAP) Under Contract to The World Health Organization (WHO) (HQ/05/148454, HQ/05/148467) October 2006 Suggested Reference African Religious Health Assets Programme, "Appreciating Assets: The Contribution of Religion to Universal Access in Africa", Report for the World Health Organization, (Cape Town: ARHAP, October 2006). Contact Information African Religious Health Assets Programme (ARHAP) Interfaith Health Program Dept. of Religious Studies Hubert Department of Global Health University of Cape Town Rollins School of Public Health Private Bag Emory University 7701 1256 Briarcliff Road NE Rondebosch Bldg A, Suite 107 South Africa Atlanta, GA 30319 USA Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Phone: +27 -21 650 3457/8 Phone: 404-727-5246 Table of Contents I. Executive Summary 1 Chapter 1: Considering Religious Health Assets II. Introduction 6 A. Purpose 6 B. Contract Summary 6 C. Research Theory/Approach 7 D. Research Question, Hypothesis, Tools 8 E. Limitations of the Study 8 F. Ethics Clearance 9 G. Time Frame of Study 9 H. Research Teams 10 I. Layout of the Report 11 III. Background 12 A. HIV/AIDS “Situation Report” - Lesotho and Zambia 12 B. Universal Access and Millennium Development Goals: Support and Linkages 18 C. Rationale for Religious Engagement in Universal Access & Millennium Development 19 D. Religion, Health and HIV/AIDS in Africa: Brief Overview of Literature 20 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • Participant List
    Participant List 10/20/2019 8:45:44 AM Category First Name Last Name Position Organization Nationality CSO Jillian Abballe UN Advocacy Officer and Anglican Communion United States Head of Office Ramil Abbasov Chariman of the Managing Spektr Socio-Economic Azerbaijan Board Researches and Development Public Union Babak Abbaszadeh President and Chief Toronto Centre for Global Canada Executive Officer Leadership in Financial Supervision Amr Abdallah Director, Gulf Programs Educaiton for Employment - United States EFE HAGAR ABDELRAHM African affairs & SDGs Unit Maat for Peace, Development Egypt AN Manager and Human Rights Abukar Abdi CEO Juba Foundation Kenya Nabil Abdo MENA Senior Policy Oxfam International Lebanon Advisor Mala Abdulaziz Executive director Swift Relief Foundation Nigeria Maryati Abdullah Director/National Publish What You Pay Indonesia Coordinator Indonesia Yussuf Abdullahi Regional Team Lead Pact Kenya Abdulahi Abdulraheem Executive Director Initiative for Sound Education Nigeria Relationship & Health Muttaqa Abdulra'uf Research Fellow International Trade Union Nigeria Confederation (ITUC) Kehinde Abdulsalam Interfaith Minister Strength in Diversity Nigeria Development Centre, Nigeria Kassim Abdulsalam Zonal Coordinator/Field Strength in Diversity Nigeria Executive Development Centre, Nigeria and Farmers Advocacy and Support Initiative in Nig Shahlo Abdunabizoda Director Jahon Tajikistan Shontaye Abegaz Executive Director International Insitute for Human United States Security Subhashini Abeysinghe Research Director Verite
    [Show full text]
  • Perceptions of Mental Illness in South- Eastern Nigeria: Causal Beliefs, Attitudes, Help-Seeking Pathways and Perceived Barriers to Help-Seeking
    PERCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS IN SOUTH- EASTERN NIGERIA: CAUSAL BELIEFS, ATTITUDES, HELP-SEEKING PATHWAYS AND PERCEIVED BARRIERS TO HELP-SEEKING UGO IKWUKA BA, BSc, MA June 2016 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The exploratory studies of three of the four chapters of this work have been published in peer reviewed journals. SAGE granted an automatic ‘gratis reuse’ for the first publication on causal beliefs that allows for the work to be posted in the repository of the author’s institution. Copyright licence (no. 3883120494543) was obtained from John Wiley and Sons to republish the second paper on attitudes towards mental illness in this dissertation. Copyright licence (no. 3883131164423) was obtained from the John Hopkins University Press to republish the third paper on barriers to accessing formal mental healthcare in this dissertation. The exploratory study on Pathways to Mental Healthcare has been accepted for publication in Transcultural Psychiatry with the proviso that it is part of a doctoral dissertation. Save for any express acknowledgments, references and/or bibliographies cited in the work, I confirm that the intellectual content of the work is the result of my own efforts and of no other person. The right of Ugo Ikwuka to be identified as author of this work is asserted in accordance with ss.77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. At this date copyright is owned by the author. Signature……………………………………….. Date…………………………………………….. Acknowledgments I share the communitarian worldview that ‘a tree cannot make a forest’ which was clearly demonstrated in the collective support that made this research possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Engaging Basotho Diasporas in the South for National Development
    OBSERVATORY ON MIGRATION OBSERVATOIRE ACP SUR LES MIGRATIONS OBSERVATÓRIO ACP DAS MIGRAÇÕES UNTAPPED POTENTIAL: Engaging Basotho diasporas in the South for national development Lulessa Abadura Brigitte Fahrenhorst Frank Zelazny EcoDevelopment - Society for International Development Research and Planning Ltd. Research Lesotho mineworkers in South Africa Lesotho mineworkers Report An Initiative of the ACP Secretariat, ACPOBS/2014/PUB06 Funded by the European Union Implemented by IOM and with the Financial Support of Switzerland, IOM, the IOM Development Fund and UNFPA International Organization for Migration (IOM) Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM) NETE KE Organização Internacional para as Migrações (OIM) THEBE 2014 ACP Observatory on Migration The ACP Observatory on Migration is an initiative of the Secretariat of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States, funded by the European Union, implemented by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in a Consortium with 15 partners and with the financial support of Switzerland, IOM, the IOM Development Fund and UNFPA. Established in 2010, the ACP Observatory is an institution designed to produce data on South–South ACP migration for migrants, civil society and policymakers and enhance research capacities in ACP countries for the improvement of the situation of migrants and the strengthening of the migration–development nexus. The Observatory was established to facilitate the creation of a network of research institutions and experts on migration research. Activities are starting in 12 pilot countries and will be progressively extended to other interested ACP countries. The 12 pilot countries are: Angola, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti, Kenya, Lesotho, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Senegal, Timor‐Leste, Trinidad and Tobago and the United Republic of Tanzania.
    [Show full text]
  • Financing Universal Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
    FINANCING UNIVERSAL WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE UNDER THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS — UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water, GLAAS 2017 Report and Drinking-Water, of Sanitation and Assessment Analysis Global — UN-Water GOALS DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE SUSTAINABLE AND HYGIENE SANITATION FINANCING UNIVERSAL WATER, FINANCING UNIVERSAL WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE UNDER THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water GLAAS 2017 Report ISBN 978 92 4 151219 0 http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/glaas/en/ contact email: [email protected] FINANCING UNIVERSAL WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE UNDER THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water GLAAS 2017 Report FINANCING UNIVERSAL WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE UNDER THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water GLAAS 2017 Report UN-Water global analysis and assessment of sanitation and drinking-water (GLAAS) 2017 report: financing universal water, sanitation and hygiene under the sustainable development goals ISBN 978-92-4-151219-0 © World Health Organization 2017 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted.
    [Show full text]
  • Participant List
    Participant List 4/14/2019 8:59:41 AM Category First Name Last Name Position Organization Nationality CSO Jillian Abballe UN Advocacy Officer and Anglican Communion United States Head of Office Osman Abbass Head of Sudan Sickle Cell Sudan Sickle Cell Anemia Sudan Anemia Center Center Babak Abbaszadeh President and Chief Toronto Centre for Global Canada Executive Officer Leadership in Financial Supervision Ilhom Abdulloev Executive Director Open Society Institute Tajikistan Assistance Foundation - Tajikistan Mohammed Abdulmawjoo Director The Engineering Association Iraq d for Development & Environment Kassim Abdulsalam Zonal Coordinator/Field Strength in Diversity Nigeria Executive Development Centre, Nigeria and Farmers Advocacy and Support Initiative in Nig Serena Abi Khalil Research and Program Arab NGO Network for Lebanon Officer Development (ANND) Kjetil Abildsnes Senior Adviser, Economic Norwegian Church Aid (NCA) Norway Justice Maria Victoria Abreu Lugar Program Manager Global Foundation for Dominican Democracy and Development Republic (GFDD) Edmond Abu Executive Director Native Consortium & Research Sierra Leone Center Mohammed Abu-Nimer Senior Advisor KAICIID Dialogue Centre United States Aouadi Achraf Founder I WATCH Tunisia Terica Adams Executive Director Hamilton National Dance Day United States Inc. Laurel Adams Chief Executive Officer Women for Women United States International Zoë Adams Executive Director The Strongheart Group United States BAKINAM ADAMU C E O Organization for Research and Ghana Community Development Ghana
    [Show full text]
  • Ageing in the Twenty-First Century: a Celebration and a Challenge
    Ageing in the Twenty-First Century: A Celebration and A Challenge In collaboration with: UNDESA, FAO, ILO, OHCHR, UNAIDS, UNDP, UN Habitat, UNHCR, UNICEF, UN Women, WFP, WHO, ECA, ECE, ECLAC, ESCAP, ESCWA, GAA, HelpAge USA, IFA, INPEA, IOM Ageing in the Twenty-First Century: A Celebration and A Challenge Published by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), New York, and HelpAge International, London Copyright © United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and HelpAge International, 2012. All rights reserved. United Nations Population Fund 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158, USA [email protected] www.unfpa.org HelpAge International PO Box 70156, London WC1A 9GB, UK [email protected] www.helpage.org Registered charity no. 288180 The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect those of UNFPA or HelpAge International. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of whatsoever on the part of UNFPA and HelpAge International concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The term ‘country’ as used in the text of this report refers, as appropriate, to territories or areas. The designations of ‘developed’ and ‘developing’ countries are intended for convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. ISBN 978-0-89714-981-5 Ageing in the Twenty-First
    [Show full text]
  • Women's Political Participation ~ Africa Barometer 2021
    Women'sWomen's PoliticalPolitical ParticipationParticipation AFRICA 2021 Women’s Political Participation ~ Africa Barometer 2021 © 2021 International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance ISBN: 978-91-7671-397-6 International IDEA publications are independent of specific national or political interests. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of International IDEA, its Board or its Council members. The electronic version of this publication is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0) licence. You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the publication as well as to remix and adapt it, provided it is only for non-commercial purposes, that you appropriately attribute the publication, and that you distribute it under an identical licence. For more information visit the WL Creative Commons website: SA <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/>. International IDEA Strömsborg SE–103 34 Stockholm Sweden Telephone: +46 8 698 37 00 Email: [email protected] Website: <https://www.idea.int> Design and layout: Debi Lee Editors: Colleen Lowe Morna, Susan Tolmay and Mukayi Makaya CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2 ACRONYMS 3 FOREWORD 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 15 CHAPTER 2 ELECTORAL SYSTEMS AND AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 39 CHAPTER 3 POLITICAL PARTIES 71 CHAPTER 4 ELECTORAL LAWS AND MANAGEMENT 89 CHAPTER 5 MAINSTREAM AND SOCIAL MEDIA 111 CHAPTER 6 CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS 131 CHAPTER 7 EFFECTIVE PARTICIPATION 151 ANNEX 1 - Mapping of Gender
    [Show full text]
  • Variable Name
    Data codebook for a Round 5 Afrobarometer survey in 34 African countries Prepared by: Chunho Park Michigan State University July 2015 University of Cape Town (UCT) Center for Democratic Development (CDD-Ghana) Michigan State University (MSU) Centre for Social Science Research 14 W. Airport Residential Area Department of Political Science Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa P.O. Box 404, Legon-Accra, Ghana East Lansing, Michigan 48824 27 21 650 3827•fax: 27 21 650 4657 233 21 776 142•fax: 233 21 763 028 517 353 3377•fax: 517 432 1091 Mattes ([email protected]) Gyimah-Boadi ([email protected]) Bratton ([email protected]) Copyright Afrobarometer Table of Contents Page number Variable descriptives 3-71 Appendix 1: Sample characteristics 72 Appendix 2: List of country abbreviations and country-specific codes 73 Appendix 3: Technical Information Forms for each country survey 74-107 Copyright Afrobarometer 2 Question Number: COUNTRY_ALPHA Question: Country Variable Label: Country in alphabetical order Values: 1-35 Value Labels: 1=Algeria, 2=Benin, 3=Botswana, 4=Burkina Faso, 5=Burundi, 6=Cameroon, 7=Cape Verde, 8=Cote d‟Ivoire, 9=Egypt, 11=Ghana, 12=Guinea, 13=Kenya, 14=Lesotho, 15=Liberia, 16=Madagascar, 17=Malawi, 18=Mali, 19=Mauritius, 20=Morocco, 21=Mozambique, 22=Namibia, 23=Niger, 24=Nigeria, 25=Senegal, 26=Sierra Leone, 27=South Africa, 28=Sudan, 29=Swaziland, 30=Tanzania, 31=Togo, 32=Tunisia, 33=Uganda, 34=Zambia, 35=Zimbabwe Note: Answered by interviewer Question Number: RESPNO Question: Respondent number Variable Label: Respondent
    [Show full text]
  • A SARS-Cov-2 Surveillance System in Sub-Saharan Africa: Modeling Study for Persistence and Transmission to Inform Policy
    JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH Post et al Original Paper A SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance System in Sub-Saharan Africa: Modeling Study for Persistence and Transmission to Inform Policy Lori Ann Post1, PhD; Salem T Argaw2, BA; Cameron Jones3, MPH, MD; Charles B Moss4, PhD; Danielle Resnick5, PhD; Lauren Nadya Singh1, MPH; Robert Leo Murphy6, MD; Chad J Achenbach3, MD; Janine White1, MSc; Tariq Ziad Issa2, BA; Michael J Boctor2, BSc; James Francis Oehmke1, PhD 1Buehler Center for Health Policy & Economics and Departments of Emergency Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States 2Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States 3Division of Infectious Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States 4Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States 5International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States 6Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States Corresponding Author: Lori Ann Post, PhD Buehler Center for Health Policy & Economics and Departments of Emergency Medicine Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University 750 N Lake Shore Dr 9th Floor, Suite 9-9035 Rubloff Building Chicago, IL, 60611 United States Phone: 1 203 980 7107 Email: [email protected] Abstract Background: Since the novel coronavirus emerged in late 2019, the scientific and public health community around the world have sought to better understand, surveil, treat, and prevent the disease, COVID-19. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), many countries responded aggressively and decisively with lockdown measures and border closures. Such actions may have helped prevent large outbreaks throughout much of the region, though there is substantial variation in caseloads and mortality between nations.
    [Show full text]
  • HIV/AIDS Vulnerability of Students at the National University of Lesotho
    HIV/AIDS VULNERABILITY OF STUDENTS AT THE AT THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LESOTHO By BALOGUN KEHINDE ESTHER 2008084176 Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters in Disaster Management In the Disaster Management Training and Education Center for Africa At the UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE Study Leader: MISS OLIVIA KUNGUMA 2012 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to begin by thanking the Lord Almighty for life, strength and knowledge; for guiding me to the Disaster Management programme. I am deeply grateful and indebted to so many people and institutions that helped me in one way or another to complete my research successfully. You are all in my heart and I will pray for you. A special word of thanks and appreciation to the following: Miss Olivia Kunguma and Mrs Vilma Hossini my two supervisors, under whose mentorship I had the opportunity to learn so much. They rekindled the spirit of hard work and determination in me, and supported me. Without them I would never have been able to finish my research. Mr Andries Jordaan overall supervisor to DiMTEC students and who was father, friend and mentor to me. I am very proud to be a student and on the personnel of DiMTEC. He has been a source of inspiration. Dr Fabrice Renaud, Dr Joern Birkmann, and the research forum at the United Nations University Environment for Human Security for encouragement and help I received. Ms Alice Ncube and Dr Dusan Sakulski for their help and contribution to my studies at DiMTEC. Miss Toiyobong Samson-Akpan and Dr Ebenezer Durojaye, you are not forgotten.
    [Show full text]
  • Population Dynamics and the Demographic Dividend Potential of Eastern and Southern Africa: a Primer
    Population Dynamics and the Demographic Dividend Potential of Eastern and Southern Africa: A Primer November 2019 UNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office Social Policy Working Paper Population Dynamics and the Demographic Dividend Potential of Eastern and Southern Africa: A Primer © United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO) United Nations Complex, Gigiri, PO Box 44145 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya November 2019 This is a working document. It has been prepared to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and to stimulate discussion. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the policies or views of UNICEF or the United Nations. The text has not been edited to official publication standards, and UNICEF accepts no responsibility for errors. The designations in this document do not imply an opinion on the legal status of any country or territory, or of its authorities, or the delimitation of frontiers. Acknowledgements This working paper was written by Matthew Cummins (Social Policy Regional Adviser, UNICEF ESARO). The author would like to thank Debora Camaione (Public Finance Fellow, UNICEF ESARO) for the outstanding research support and assistance and also for leading the development of the accompanying Africa Population Dynamics Tool. The author is also grateful to the following persons for their comments on earlier drafts: Bo Viktor Nylund (Deputy Regional Director, UNICEF ESARO), Bob Muchabaiwa (Public Finance Specialist, UNICEF ESARO) and Natalie Fol (Regional Adviser Communication for Development, UNICEF ESARO). Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 5 2. The demographic transition and population boom ..............................................................
    [Show full text]