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Monday, October 8, 2001 www.vindy.com 35 cents AMERICA FIGHTS

War on Afghan terrorism begins Allied campaign blasts military installations

“Initially, the terrorists may burrow deeper into The war aims to eradicate caves and other entrenched hiding places,” he said. “Our military action is also designed to clear the way for sustained, comprehensive and relentless opera- terrorist networks. tions to drive them out and bring them to justice.” COMBINED DISPATCHES Osama bin Laden, the mastermind behind the Sept. Anti-terror fight Britain promises Taped message 11 attacks on America, vowed new terror in a state- ment videotaped from his hiding place, presumably in American and British forces struck Afghanistan, and released Sunday. has just begun, to fight beside has purpose: Bin Laden was not specifically a target in Sunday’s at- Afghanistan with a massive military bar- tacks, according to Defense Secretary Donald Rums- Bush declares U.S. forces motivation rage Sunday, unleashing the first pun- feld. He said the war on terror aims at much bigger ishing assault in a war to destroy the ter- targets than bin Laden alone: the eradication of ter- rorist networks. The Taliban had a chance to British submarines have joined Bin Laden insists that the mili- rorists who attacked the United States Food air-dropped: In addition, some 35,000 rations tary assault is a war on Islam. on Sept. 11 and the radical Islamic of food and medical supplies were air-dropped for the meet demands, Bush said. the operation. suffering Afghan people. Bush said the move under- regime that protects them. scored that the war is not directed against the Afghans, LONG ISLAND NEWSDAY LONDON (AP) — Britain kept its BOSTON GLOBE but against the terrorists in their midst and the regime WASHINGTON — Sunday’s promise to stand shoulder to shoul- CAIRO, Egypt — Suspected terror The beginning of America’s retaliation was that shelters them. der with the United States against airstrikes on Afghanistan are only the mastermind Osama bin Laden, in a delivered by 15 land-based B-1, B-2 and B- The strikes started 26 days after the most devastat- terrorism, adding its firepower to the ing attack on American soil since the Civil War. The opening phase of a “sustained, com- taped address broadcast Sunday, 52 bombers, 25 carrier-based warplanes and prehensive and relentless” military first wave of attacks Sunday against thanked God for the attacks on New Sept. 11 terrorist assaults killed an estimated 5,600 campaign against Osama bin Laden’s Afghanistan. York and Washington and warned 50 cruise missiles from U.S. and British war- Americans in New York, suburban Washington and terrorist network and its Taliban pro- Prime Minister Tony Blair, speak- Americans they could not live in se- ships, including submarines, in the Arabian Pennsylvania, and blasted the nation out of an era of tectors, President Bush said. ing live on television, announced curity until Palestinians had peace peace and confidence into a state of war and fear. that British missile-firing sub- Sea. They struck Afghanistan’s air defenses, In a televised speech from the and U.S. forces left Saudi Arabia. In London, British Prime Minister Tony Blair ac- marines joined the operation. its air force and terrorist training camps. White House announcing the at- The address, carried by the Arab knowledged that the new campaign carries risks for He said British warplanes would tacks, Bush described them as “care- satellite channel Al-Jazeera, was his Afghan civilians were killed in the attack, the Afghan civilians who might be killed, and it could ig- attack Afghan targets in the next few fully targeted” but made it clear that first since the Sept. 11 attacks attrib- Taliban’s ambassador to Pakistan said today. He nite new terrorist assaults. days and that other British forces But, Blair said, “the dangers of inaction are far, far the overall strategic parameters of uted to his Al-Qaida network. He refused to say how many but termed the at- were standing ready. greater — the threat of further such outrages, the threat the campaign would be wide-rang- spoke during the day, meaning the “We made clear following the at- tacks “huge.” to our economies, the threat to the stability of the ing in nature. speech preceded at least by hours “Today we focus on Afghanistan, tacks upon the United States on Sept. “There were casualties,” Ambassador Abdul world.” 11 that we would take action once it the U.S.-led assault on Afghanistan. Salam Zaeef told The Associated Press. “Civilians but the battle is broader,” the presi- Although not acknowledging re- What’s expected: Bush warned that Americans face dent said. “The battle is now joined was clear who was responsible,” died. It was a very huge attack.” the possibility of terrorist reprisals both at home and Blair said. “There is no doubt in my sponsibility for the strikes, he sanc- Zaeef did not explain where he got his informa- on many fronts. We will not waver, tioned the terror they caused as ret- abroad. As a precaution, Vice President Dick Cheney mind, nor in the mind of anyone who tion, and he could not say where the deaths pur- was moved to an undisclosed location while Bush re- we will not tire, we will not falter ribution for what he described as 80 and we will not fail.” has been through all the available ev- portedly occurred. mained at the White House. The State Department years of U.S.-led oppression in the The initial objective of the cam- idence, including intelligence mate- Air Force crew members who participated in the warned Americans abroad to be alert. National Guard Muslim world. paign, Bush said, was to destroy the rial, that these attacks were carried strikes described a smooth and successful mission. and police security was beefed up around the nation. training camps, communications fa- out by the Al-Qaida network headed More threats: “To America, I say “A normal day training in the States was more dif- The headquarters of Afghanistan’s hard-line Taliban cilities and command structure of by Osama bin Laden.” only a few words to it and its people. ficult,” said a B-1 bombardier who was identified regime in Kandahar was destroyed in the first wave of the Al-Qaida network that bin Laden Blair has been the most outspoken I swear by God, who has elevated the only as “Vinny.” missile strikes, according to Al-Jazeera television in leads. But that goal, he said, was a world leader in support of the Unit- skies without pillars, neither Amer- Qatar. But the Taliban ambassador to Pakistan said the ed States after the attacks on New ica nor the people who live in it will Alliance to expand: Bush promised a broad inter- way station toward a broader one. national alliance in coming days. He noted that Cana- da, Australia, Germany and France have pledged to See Bush on Page A3 See Blair on Page A3 See Bin Laden on Page A3 commit military forces as the campaign rolls on. See War on Page A3

TARGETING TERROR: THE INSIDE STORIES

DEFENSE IN AFGHANISTAN LOCAL REACTION NATIONAL REACTION WORLD REACTION The U.S.-led airstrikes in Afghanistan on Sun- Sunday night’s attack on the Afghan capital was Planned as a tribute to victims of the terrorist News of attacks brought both cheers and wor- Western European nations gave swift and solid day were aimed at crippling the ruling Taliban for real. Yet there was little sign of initial panic attacks, a concert Sunday evening at Youngs- ries for Americans. Wall Street analysts expect- approval to the attacks on Osama bin Laden. militia’s small but worrisome air defenses. A6 on the streets. A8 town State took on new significance. A9 ed a brief rally, then a drop. A10 Some Arab, Muslim states denounced them. A11 Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

Page A2 TheVindicator MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001

TARGETING TERRORISM | V ignettes Nation assessed attack as day-to-day life goes on

COMBINED DISPATCHES roar in states such as Pakistan and Saudi University and executive director of the For- The State Department issued a strong Arabia, destabilize the governments there eign Policy Institute and the Center for warning to Americans traveling overseas as and lead to Islamic revolutions. Strategic Education in Washington, D.C. officials braced for the possibility of reprisal “The desire to inflict that much pain must Keaney said the war on terrorism is like- attacks against the United States. “The have been calculated to provoke a wild ly to have less of a military component than American people need to be alert,” White bloodletting from the U.S. that would ignite other wars. Instead, he thinks it will be House spokesman Ari Fleischer said. “Gov- the whole region,” he said. “To the extent waged by investigators, diplomats and in- ernment and law enforcement agencies are Bush can avoid that, he won’t play into the telligence officials. taking all necessary precautions, but threats hands of these people.” “The military action will be the culmina- do remain. This is a war.” So far, Brumberg is impressed with the tion of a lot of police work. The military will The FBI reported no new threats or re- Bush administration’s restraint and its lim- be the real end of the line,” he said. “My ports of retaliatory action. Still, agencies and ited goal of ending state-supported terror- guess is that the military campaign will be organizations across the country — already ism, particularly in Afghanistan. rather limited in duration and scope.” on heightened alert since the Sept. 11 at- “We want to be able to hit our enemies Keaney fears that military action against tacks in New York and at the Pentagon — without creating more enemies,” he said. targets in Afghanistan could have the side took further precautions. Strategy: Brumberg doesn’t envision that effect of destabilizing the government of The sharpest warning Sunday came from American ground troops will be deployed neighboring Pakistan. the State Department, which said that all in great numbers but said all military op- If Muslim fundamentalists take control Americans currently in Afghanistan “should tions should be kept open. The Clinton ad- of Pakistan from its current military leaders, leave the country.” U.S. citizens traveling or ministration made a big mistake in the it would almost certainly heighten tensions working in other countries were urged to Kosovo conflict by declaring that the Unit- with India. Both nations have nuclear monitor local news, maintain contact with ed States would not send in the Army, opt- weapons and have clashed along their bor- the nearest embassy and limit travel. ing instead to wage war only from the air, der. The military action “may result in strong, Brumberg said. That may have prolonged In some worst-case scenarios, the war on anti-American sentiment and retaliatory ac- the conflict, he said, as Serbian forces knew terrorism could unintentionally lead to a tions against U.S. citizens and interests they would not have to face American sol- nuclear exchange between India and Pak- throughout the world,” the State Depart- diers. istan, costing millions of lives, Kearney said. ment’s warning said. In the current crisis, the American mili- “There are many unanticipated conse- The nation’s top military official warned tary must keep its adversaries guessing, quences when a country goes to war that that Americans won’t ever be completely Brumberg said. And the specter that the can lead to greater calamities,” Keaney said. safe from terrorist attack. Associated Press There will be lists of people arrested, and United States is prepared to use extreme MIXED REACTION: “You cannot defend at every place, at force such as B-52 bombers has another Members of the Quaker Friends Center in Philadelphia listen to various speak- details of plots spoiled. But all it would take, he warns, is a single terrorist action to make every time, against every conceivable, imag- benefit: It forces Pakistan and Saudi Arabia ers responding to the military strikes in Afghanistan. Throughout the nation, the military action all the country’s efforts seem inadequate. inable — even unimaginable — terrorist at- to cooperate with coalition-building efforts drew cheers from sports fans, tears from peace activists, cautions from authorities about the “I think we will have some failures in this tack,” Defense Secretary Donald H. Rums- to avoid a massive U.S. strike, and the civil need for patience, and fear of retaliation from some residents. feld told reporters. “The only way to deal chaos that would certainly follow, he said. with it is to take the battle to where they “We want to make it clear to them that Dorfman was busy trying to fold up his are, and to root them out, and to starve they don’t want us to go crazy,” Brumberg prize and decamp, but it had rained the them out.” said. “The region is afraid of the effect of night before and the flag, made of a heavy American force.” nylon polyester, was soaking wet, adding a In the long term, however, Brumberg is few tons to its heft. skeptical that the United States can win a He persuaded a local pilot to use a heli- war on terrorism. The historical record of copter as a blow-dryer. The copter made foreign military ventures has been mixed, pass after pass just above the flag, making he said, and success will be tough to define. the fabric ripple and roll as it went. Volun- There won’t be much cause for celebra- teers looked on at the sight, waiting for tion if alleged terrorist Osama bin Laden is their cue to begin the epic effort of folding brought to justice or killed and the Taliban it back into a truck-sized cube. remain in power, he said. But if the Taliban “No shoes on the flag, people,” Dorfman are toppled, the United States may have to reminded, as he paced like a football coach intervene with thousands of troops and aid on the sidelines. workers to avoid further misery in It was a convivial event overall, with peo- Afghanistan. ple working shoulder to shoulder, laughing It is not a time for optimism, he said: “I’m and taking pictures of one another. How of- worried. I think the economy is in much ten do people get the opportunity to stand worse shape than anyone has acknowl- in their socks in the middle of a sea of stars? edged, and there is a possibility of another attack. The morale issue is very important.” Search-and-rescue teams have gone over the crash site of Flight 93 in Shanksville, Pa., “I think retaliation’s going to happen [in numerous times already, of course, but in- New York], but I don’t fear it,” said Ron vestigators said a recent windstorm might Associated Press Whillock, who was boarding an Amtrak have dislodged debris or exposed remains PICK A SCREEN: John Apollinaro of Toronto, train to Washington, D.C. “I look at it as a not found earlier. More than 200 workers Canada, watches Osama bin Laden’s prere- random act — much like I would look at an from 13 counties were recruited for the ef- corded statement on CNN. Apollinaro had his earthquake or a tornado — and I can’t do fort. pick of screens at the electronics store in Lon- anything to affect that.” This field was owned by a local coal-min- don, Ontario, Canada, on Sunday shortly after Less than 2 miles from the trade center ing company but rented out to a farmer the U.S.-British strikes began against Taliban ruins, a coalition of groups opposed to U.S. who used it to grow oats. Oat stubble was targets in Afghanistan. military action in Afghanistan prayed and all that met the Boeing 757 when it bore Associated Press into the ground at 500 miles per hour, leav- rallied before marching to Times Square. campaign. I think we will have more Amer- PEACE ACTIVIST: Manal Elzeny shows where “No war in our name!” chanted people in ing a burned-out crater 45 feet deep. Road barricaded: The only road to the ican citizens as victims.” she stands during a war protest in Fresno, the crowd marching up Broadway.” Police estimated that about 1,000 people partici- site was barricaded and guarded by police Calif. She said peace is needed for the “good pated in the march. and state troopers. It’s considered a crime Ask an ABC executive about Bill Maher of future generations.” “The people who are going to be hurting scene, and searchers were told not to talk these days, and you will sense palpable dis- are not the people who started this,” said publicly about what they were finding. comfort. Call it a case of on-the-edge ma- Stuart Rockefeller, one of the marchers. Many of the searchers stayed in the same terial going over the edge. Reaction to the military action was much hotel, the Ramada in Somerset, about 12 Three weeks ago, near the height of the Mayor Rudolph Giuliani said Sunday that different among some workers at the dis- miles away. In the evenings, they filled the shock over the terrorist attacks, Maher, host unless there are specific threats, no bridges, aster site. hotel bar. of the irreverent late-night talk show “Po- tunnels or public places would be closed. “It’s big-time payback,” said Charles Rios, One night, in the lobby, a beefy guy in a litically Incorrect,” said that the suicide hi- He urged New Yorkers to go about their 38, who works for a company involved in baseball cap and T-shirt that read “Natural jackers were arguably fearless in carrying Bridge Fire & Rescue — Co. 11,” spent 40 business and said today’s Columbus Day Pa- the trade center cleanup. “I’m so happy Associated Press out their mission and that U.S. policy was rade in Manhattan would go on as planned. now.” minutes on his cell phone, describing in de- THE BIG PICTURE: President Bush’s address cowardly for opting to make war from the “We have to go about our normal way of Earlier Sunday, several hundred workers tail what he’d done that day. He talked loud air. life,” he said after marching in a parade on removed their construction helmets and to the nation about the U.S.-British attacks enough for anybody nearby to hear. People called for his head. The White Staten Island. Giuliani said he had been paused for a half-hour prayer service amid on the Taliban in Afghanistan is shown on the He said groups were assigned to comb House used the remarks as an example of briefed about the impending retaliatory the rubble. scoreboard display during halftime at the square sections of the field. He’d spent the why people must “watch what they say.” strikes Sunday morning but followed “The work that all of you are doing here Pittsburgh Steelers-Cincinnati Bengals game entire morning and afternoon on his hands Like a deer caught in the headlights, Maher through on his commitment to appear at is God’s work, it is holy work, and we ap- in Pittsburgh. The Steelers came onto the and knees, and found enough human re- seemed stunned by his own misstep. The mains to fill two plastic freezer bags. Most the event. preciate it and love you for it,” Fire Depart- field for second-half warm-ups during the perpetual cynical smirk of his public per- At a later briefing for reporters, Giuliani were bone fragments and pieces of skin and ment Chaplain John Delendick said. speech. sona vanished, to be replaced by a repen- said more security checkpoints were being flesh. A couple of his colleagues found fin- tant, humble, even melancholy expression. set up, likening the security presence to that gers and toes. One finger still wore a ring. Out, too, went many of his advertisers and established in the days after the attacks on Ted Dorfman has a 15,000-pound Amer- and coal miners. Dorfman thought his flag He also found jewelry, purse items, paper a number of his affiliates. would rally spirits, and besides, he’d never and camera film, which will be sent to fam- the World Trade Center. ican flag. Unfurled, it’s 100 feet longer than But do not expect ABC to cut seen it completely laid out and wanted to. ilies when possible. No action: “The core of the plan is that there is a sig- a football field, covering roughly two acres. him loose anytime soon. In the mirrorlike He’s 51, an Army veteran from nearby The largest piece of debris found that day nificant number of armed police officers Each star is 13 feet tip to tip. world of public relations, the uproar may Greenburg, Pa., an hour away. He makes a was 6 feet by 2 feet, some unidentified part and members of the National Guard who Dorfman bought it on eBay last summer have actually extended his time by making living as a financial consultant but on this of the plane. Most was the size of a quarter will be guarding sensitive areas,” he said. for $12,500, or 83 cents a pound, which was it unlikely the network will yank him for day looked more like a farmer. He wore or smaller. Basically, the plane and the 44 Although Giuliani did not identify “sen- a steal. It reportedly cost more than $1 mil- mediocre ratings. Although that is an op- denim head to toe, and his face had the look people on board were “vaporized.” Only 12 sitive areas,” in the past they have included lion to make. The previous owners gave up tion that has been considered from time to of a worn mitt, only handsomer and with victims so far had been identified. local, state and federal office buildings and on building a “superstructure” to display it, time, it might now be seen like buckling un- glasses. He came across as the kind of guy “It was an interesting day,” the man said. courthouses. Many of those were to be and the flag sat dormant in storage for five der. who is always busy and always apologizing He said he wanted to get to some beer, and closed today because of the Columbus Day years. There is a sense among his staff and as- for it. He was congenial, even while shout- said goodbye. holiday. The new owner says it’s the biggest sociates that his statements were blown out ing orders with a bullhorn. The mayor said heightened security American flag in the world, and no one of proportion and misread to mean that he “No smoking on the flag, please,” he said. would include checks of bags and require- around Shanksville, Pa. — gawking at it from was criticizing U.S. soldiers as cowardly He brought it to the area — a grassy field Bill Harrison is a retired U.S. Army lieu- ments that workers show photo identifica- one end to the other — felt much like chal- when, if anything, he was criticizing poli- that seconds as a parking lot for a local race tenant general, former commanding gen- tion to get into buildings. lenging his claim. People were glad for the cy. “He said, ‘I didn’t realize so many people track — soon after the crash. It took a crane eral of Fort Lewis and now mayor of Lake- “What we have to ask of people right now distraction, happy for the symbolism — a were pained by this,’ ” said Nancy Geller, an and a couple hundred volunteers to unload wood, Pierce County, Wash. ... is to have more patience when check- patriotic Band-Aid for a nation-sized executive producer of the program. “That and unfurl its glory. Local residents held vig- There was always a definable enemy and points have to be done, more checking of wound. hurts him. He has a heart.” luggage or bags has to be done, or if we get ils around it for almost two weeks. a clear objective when Harrison plotted war The crash of United Flight 93 on Sept. 11 games during his long Army career. But the Maher declined to be interviewed. But in a threat and we have to evacuate a build- shook up this rural community of farmers A wet task: On the day we found him, an unpublished opinion article, he seems ing.” war on terrorism is different. And the like- ly culprits work for a cause, not a country. to understand his predicament. “ ‘Losing my He asked New Yorkers to “just realize that timing this late in my career’ is a line that we have to be ... a lot more careful now than “We’ve got to learn to fight war in differ- ent ways,” Harrison said. “I don’t believe came to mind,” he writes, “and the song it’s maybe we have in the past, and almost ac- from is ‘Send in the Clowns’ — not the star- cept it as part of our way of life.” that the military alone can defeat interna- tional terrorism. I think it will be a compo- ring role I was hoping for.” nent for the overall campaign. A cruise mis- Armed National Guardsmen arrived, as sile is limited in what it can do.” previously scheduled, at John F. Kennedy Buildup necessary: The massive military International and La Guardia airports to buildup is necessary, however, to let U.S. help with security. friends and foes know that the country “They’re checking the bags a little more means business, Harrison said. He said he closely,” said Jason Franks, who was flying expects some sort of surgical strike, not an Sunday from Kennedy airport to Dallas. “But intensive effort to topple the Taliban or pro- aside from that, everything seems normal.” longed ground action in Afghanistan to stop At Grand Central Terminal, security had a civil war. been stepped up after the terrorist attacks, “I don’t think we want to create a vacuum and an adjoining street had been closed to there,” he said. “I think the fight against the traffic. On Sunday, passengers were re- Taliban will be more political than military.” minded to watch their bags and warned Although there is always ambiguity in that unattended luggage would be warfare, the war against terrorism involves searched. even more uncertainty than conventional At Pennsylvania Station, more plain- conflict, Harrison said: “You’re talking about clothes officers were on patrol and bomb- people who hate us for reasons maybe we sniffing dogs had been deployed. don’t understand, and they have goals we may not understand. We don’t know who they are or where they are.” He is not sure that such a war will guar- Dan Brumberg, an associate professor at antee peace and security. Georgetown University, is an expert in Mid- “There is no way any nation can protect dle East politics and works with democrat- itself against a dedicated terrorist willing Associated Press ic activists in Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, the to give up his life. I am concerned it could West Bank and Jordan. GETTING THE NEWS: Baseball fans at the Dev- happen again. Any thinking American is il Rays-Yankees game watch President Bush’s Part of the goal of the Sept. 11 attacks was bound to be concerned,” he said. almost certainly intended to provoke a mas- address to the nation. The Yankees beat the sive American military retaliation against Associated Press Tampa Bay Devil Rays 1-0 Sunday. The Devil targets in the Arab world, Brumberg said. NOT JUST CLOWNING: Fans of the New Orleans Saints display their sentiments at the Louisiana Rays (62-100) became the first AL team to lose He thinks the terrorists hoped that a U.S. Superdome after hearing that American and British forces had begun bombing the Taliban in Thomas Keaney is senior adjunct profes- 100 games since the 1996 Detroit Tigers. New strike would trigger an anti-American up- Afghanistan. The Saints defeated the Minnesota Vikings 28-15 Sunday. sor of strategic studies at Johns Hopkins York will face Oakland in the playoffs. 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MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001 TheVindicator Page A3

TARGETING TERRORISM

VINDICATOR EDITORIAL Americans are called again to redefine nation The world held its breath for 25 days ported by the collective will of the world,” that the events of September 11 pleased ers and the side of infidels, may God keep refugees. waiting for the inevitable, and on Sunday President Bush told the nation. That is as it him, that he has an overwhelming hatred you away from them. Every Muslim has to As a nation, America has shown bin the inevitable happened. should be and as it should remain. of America, that he makes no distinction rush to make his religion victorious.” Laden to be a liar when he accuses the The United States and its primary ally, This is not a war against the Afghan between American soldiers and Ameri- That is a lie. It is bin Laden who is at- United States of waging war against all Great Britain, began what will be a long, people, and it is certainly not a war can office workers or airplane passengers tempting to turn this into a war between Muslims. The American people must now difficult and costly endeavor — bringing against Islam. It is a war against terror- and that he has a perverted understand- Western nations and all Muslims, when it show that he is equally wrong when he to justice Osama bin Laden and others ism, a terrorism that has shown its ugly ing and unbridled contempt for Ameri- is truly only a battle between those who accuses this nation of being soft, of being who supported, directly and indirectly, face before, but never in such a horrible can culture. value freedom and a radical Islamic fun- unprincipled and of lacking resolve. contortion as it did on September 11, the attacks on the World Trade Center In an interview in May 1998 with John damentalism that says men are free to ob- What’s ahead: The war against bid Laden when nearly 7,000 innocent lives were and the Pentagon. Miller, an ABC News correspondent, bin jectify all women and to murder anyone and his ilk will not be quick or clean. There snuffed out in a matter of hours in New The targets of this operation, as defined Laden said, “We have seen in the last will be casualties unlike any we have seen in York City, Washington, D.C., and Somer- who does not fit their definition of a true by President Bush Sunday, are the Al-Qae- decade the decline of the American gov- more than a generation. There will almost set County, Pa. believer. da terrorist training camps and military ernment and the weakness of the Amer- certainly be more acts of terror aimed at The enemy: Osama bin Laden is the per- Proud record: In contrast to bin Laden’s installations of the Taliban regime in ican soldier who is ready to wage Cold claims, Americans have come to the aid of American civilians. sonification of this enemy, and he is an en- Wars and unprepared to fight long wars. It is up to America to define itself at this Afghanistan. emy who should not be underestimated. Muslims in Kuwait, when that nation was Wide support: The president made a This was proven in Beirut when the overrun by Saddam Hussein a decade ago, moment in history. We can be the nation We will never know whether even he fully that bin Laden sees — weak, corrupt and point of stating early in his address that the understood the impact that the attack on Marines fled after two explosions. It also and to Muslims in Kosovo, when they were United States and Great Britain have re- the World Trade Center would have. Could proves they can run in less than 24 hours, the targets of ethnic cleansing by Serbs five too ready to run. Or we can be the people ceived pledges from Canada, Australia, Ger- he have known that both buildings would and this was also repeated in Somalia.” years ago. More recently, in the world of described Sunday by President Bush in many and France to join forces in this oper- be reduced to rubble? Could he have envi- Yesterday, in a pre-recorded statement economics, the United States supported a his call to battle, when he declared: “We ation. More than 40 countries in the Mid- sioned the enormous ripple effect this au- released on Arab television within hours bailout of Indonesia, the most populous will not waver, we will not tire, we will dle East, Africa, Europe and across Asia, he dacious act of terrorism would have on the after the U.S. attack, bin Laden said: Muslim nation on Earth. Even as the United not falter and we will not fail.” noted, granted air transit or landing rights U.S. and world economies? “These events have divided the whole States is waging war against the Taliban, it The president asks us to take the hard- and others shared intelligence. “We are sup- But we do know, from his own words, world into two sides. The side of believ- is providing food and medicine for Afghan er road, but the choice is easy.

WAR | Allies launch SPEECHES FROM KEY PLAYERS BUSH | This is just strikes the start

Continued From A1 ‘Collective will of the world’ Continued From A1 Given a chance: As for regime’s leader and bin Laden both Afghanistan’s Taliban rulers, Bush survived. supports America, Bush says said, they have known for more than “By the grace of God, Mullah Omar two weeks the price of peace with and bin Laden are alive,” Taliban Am- the United States: The closing of ter- ASSOCIATED PRESS and relentless operations to drive have learned, so suddenly and so bassador Abdul Salam Zaeef told re- rorist training camps, the handover them out and bring them to justice. tragically, there can be no peace in a porters in Islamabad, Pakistan. President Bush’s address to the na- of al-Qaida leaders and the release At the same time, the oppressed world of sudden terror. In the face of Independent verification of his tion Sunday after the beginning of of all foreign nationals detained in people of Afghanistan will know the today’s new threat, the only way to claim was impossible. Rumsfeld told airstrikes in Afghanistan, as tran- Afghanistan. generosity of America and our allies. pursue peace is to pursue those who reporters in midafternoon that it was scribed by eMediaMillWorks Inc. “None of these demands were As we strike military targets, we will threaten it. too soon to know how successful the met,” he said. “And now the Taliban also drop food, medicine and sup- We did not ask for this mission, strikes were. He said he did not know On my orders, the United States will pay a price.” plies to the starving and suffering but we will fulfill it. Associated Press of any casualties or planes being military has begun strikes against al- Finally, Bush left open the possi- men and women and children of The name of today’s military op- ADDRESS: President Bush addresses downed. Qaida terrorist training camps and bility that the Taliban government Afghanistan. eration is Enduring Freedom. We de- the nation on the military actions that The Taliban vowed to fight. military installations of the Taliban might not be the only one to be tar- The United States of America is a fend not only our precious freedoms, The United States and Great Britain “This attack by America is a ter- regime in Afghanistan. geted for military action. “Every na- friend to the Afghan people, and we but also the freedom of people launched in Afghanistan. rorist act,” said Zaeef, the Taliban These carefully targeted actions tion has a choice to make,” he said. are the friends of almost a billion everywhere to live and raise their ambassador to Pakistan. “Poor and are designed to disrupt the use of “In this conflict, there is no neutral worldwide who practice the Islamic children free from fear. lives. common Afghans will die, for which Afghanistan as a terrorist base of op- ground. If any government sponsors faith. I know many Americans feel fear They are dedicated. They are hon- America will be responsible. This is erations and to attack the military orable. They represent the best of our the outlaws and killers of innocents, The United States of America is an today. And our government is taking an attack on an independent coun- capability of the Taliban regime. country, and we are grateful. they have become outlaws and mur- enemy of those who aid terrorists strong precautions. All law enforce- try. We will fight to the last breath.” We are joined in this operation by To all the men and women in our derers themselves. And they will and of the barbaric criminals who ment and intelligence agencies are our staunch friend, Great Britain. military, every sailor, every soldier, take that lonely path at their own The attack: The initial strike in- profane a great religion by commit- working aggressively around Amer- volved 50 Tomahawk cruise missiles, Other close friends, including Cana- every airman, every Coast Guards- peril.” da, Australia, Germany and France, ting murder in its name. ica, around the world and around the man, every Marine, I say this: Your The president did not identify launched from American and British This military action is a part of our clock. ships. Gen. Richard Myers said 15 have pledged forces as the operation mission is defined. The objectives are whom he might have in mind. But unfolds. campaign against terrorism, anoth- At my request, many governors clear. Your goal is just. You have my other administration officials have bombers and 25 strike aircraft, both er front in a war that has already have activated the National Guard to sea and land-based, also were in- More than 40 countries in the full confidence, and you will have mused about the possibility that an Middle East, Africa, Europe and been joined through diplomacy, in- strengthen airport security. We have every tool you need to carry out your old U.S. adversary, Iraqi President volved. telligence, the freezing of financial called up reserves to reinforce our Rumsfeld said the strikes were de- across Asia have granted air transit duty. Saddam Hussein, might have had a or landing rights. Many more have assets and the arrests of known ter- military capability and strengthen signed to eliminate the Taliban’s air I recently received a touching let- hand in the Sept. 11 attacks. shared intelligence. We are support- rorists by law enforcement agents in the protection of our homeland. defenses and destroy their military ter that says a lot about the state of National mood: Bush, whose ad- ed by the collective will of the world. 38 countries. In the months ahead, our patience aircraft. Afghanistan’s rulers are America in these difficult times, a ministration has already warned that More than two weeks ago, I gave Given the nature and reach of our will be one of our strengths — pa- known to have a small inventory of letter from a fourth-grade girl with the start of military operations might Taliban leaders a series of clear and enemies, we will win this conflict by tience with the long waits that will surface-to-air missiles as well as a father in the military. trigger new terrorist attacks, ac- specific demands: Close terrorist the patient accumulation of success- result from tighter security, patience “As much as I don’t want my dad knowledged that “many Americans shoulder-fired anti-aircraft missiles. training camps. Hand over leaders of es, by meeting a series of challenges and understanding that it will take Afghan sources in Pakistan said the to fight,” she wrote, “I’m willing to feel fear today.” the al-Qaida network. And return all with determination and will and time to achieve our goals, patience give him to you.” attack had damaged the Taliban mil- foreign nationals, including Ameri- purpose. in all the sacrifices that may come. This is a precious gift. The greatest itary headquarters and destroyed a can citizens unjustly detained in Today we focus on Afghanistan, Today, those sacrifices are being she could give. This young girl knows radar installation and control tower your country. but the battle is broader. Every na- made by members of our armed what America is all about. BLAIR | Leader at the airport in the southern Afghan None of these demands were met. tion has a choice to make. In this con- forces who now defend us so far Since Sept. 11, an entire generation city of Kandahar. Smoke could be And now, the Taliban will pay a price. flict, there is no neutral ground. If any from home, and by their proud and of young Americans has gained new promises support seen billowing from the high-walled By destroying camps and disrupt- government sponsors the outlaws worried families. understanding of the value of free- compound of Mullah Mohammed ing communications, we will make and killers of innocents, they have A commander in chief sends dom and its cost and duty and its Omar, the Taliban leader, these it more difficult for the terror net- become outlaws and murderers America’s sons and daughters into sacrifice. Continued From A1 sources added. work to train new recruits and coor- themselves. And they will take that battle in a foreign land only after the The battle is now joined on many One Pentagon official said that dinate their evil plans. lonely path at their own peril. greatest care and a lot of prayer. fronts. We will not waver, we will not York and Washington. while highly visible attacks were be- Initially, the terrorists may burrow I’m speaking to you today from the We ask a lot of those who wear our tire, we will not falter, and we will Defense officials gave no details ing carried out, other operations deeper into caves and other en- Treaty Room of the White House, a uniform. We ask them to leave their not fail. Peace and freedom will pre- about the attacks with Tomahawk would not be seen publicly. Officials trenched hiding places. Our military place where American presidents loved ones, to travel great distances, vail. cruise missiles by British submarines have said previously that U.S. special action is also designed to clear the have worked for peace. to risk injury, even to be prepared to Thank you. May God continue to operating in the Indian Ocean. Up to forces have been operating inside way for sustained, comprehensive We’re a peaceful nation. Yet, as we make the ultimate sacrifice of their bless America. three British submarines were in the Afghanistan. area. Roughly an hour after the first vol- A British task force — with 23,000 ley of cruise missiles, Taliban forces personnel and 24 navy ships con- came under attack from the North- ducting long-planned military exer- ern Alliance, Afghan opposition Blair: The Taliban ‘chose to side with terror’ cises in Oman — has been made forces who fired multiple-rocket available to back the operations launchers from an air base about 25 LONDON (AP) — Following are key livered to the Taliban to yield up the ment, I can confirm that last ple. Islam is a peaceful and tolerant against Afghanistan. Additional miles north of Kabul. excerpts from Prime Minister Tony terrorists or face the consequences. Wednesday the United States gov- religion, and the acts of these people British warplanes have also been Bush spoke less than an hour after Blair’s speech at 10 Downing Street on It is clear beyond doubt that they ernment made a specific request that are wholly contrary to the teachings sent to the region. the first explosion could be heard in Sunday, announcing British forces had will not do this. They were given the a number of U.K. military assets be of the Koran. ... The Ministry of Defense scheduled Kabul, followed by the sounds of joined the U.S. offensive in Afghanistan. choice of siding with justice or siding used in the operation which has now a morning news conference today in with terror and they chose to side begun, and that I gave the authority anti-aircraft fire. Power went off None of the leaders involved in London. An emergency session of with terror. for these assets to be deployed. throughout the city almost immedi- No country lightly commits forces to this action want war. None of our na- Parliament will be held tonight, with There are three parts, all equally They include the base at Diego ately after the first of five thunder- military action and the inevitable an address from Blair, his office said important, to the operation in which Garcia, reconnaissance and other air- tions want it. We are a peaceful peo- ous blasts. risks involved. Sunday. we are engaged — military, diplo- craft and missile-firing submarines. ple. But we know that sometimes, to But we made it clear following the safeguard peace, we have to fight. attacks upon the United States on matic and humanitarian. The missile-firing submarines are in The military action we are taking use tonight. The air assets will be Britain has learned that lesson Sept. 11 that we would take action P AKISTAN will be targeted against places we available for use in the coming days. many times before in our history. We once it was clear who was responsi- know to be involved in the al-Qaida ... only do it if the cause is just. But this BIN LADEN | ble. There is no doubt in my mind, network of terror or against the mil- On the humanitarian front, we are cause is just. The murder of almost nor in the mind of anyone who has itary apparatus of the Taliban. assembling a coalition of support for 7,000 innocent people in America Message has purpose President been through all the available evi- This military plan has been put to- refugees in and outside Afghanistan, dence, including intelligence mate- was an attack on our freedom, our gether mindful of our determination which is as vital as the military coali- way of life; an attack on civilized val- rial, that these attacks were carried to do all we humanly can to avoid tion. ... Continued From A1 out by the al-Qaida network master- ues the world over. We waited so civilian casualties. ... dream of security before we live it in warns minded by Osama bin Laden. that those responsible could be I wish to say finally, as I have said Palestine, and not before all the infi- Equally, it is clear that his network We have set the objectives: to many times before, that this is not a yielded up by those shielding them. del armies leave the land of Mo- is harbored and supported by the eradicate Osama bin Laden’s net- war with Islam. It angers me, as it That offer was refused. We have opposition Taliban regime inside Afghanistan. work of terrorism and to take action angers the vast majority of Muslims, now no choice. So we will act. And hammed. Peace be upon him,” bin It is now almost a month since the against the Taliban regime that is to hear bin Laden and his associates our determination in acting is total. Laden said, wearing green camou- flage fatigues and a white Afghan ISLAMABAD, Pakistan (AP) — Pres- atrocity occurred. It is more than two sponsoring him. described as Islamic terrorists. We will not let up or rest until our ident Gen. Pervez Musharraf called weeks since an ultimatum was de- As for the precise British involve- They are terrorists, pure and sim- objectives are met in full. headdress with a Kalashnikov rifle on Afghanistan’s opposition not to perched beside him. take advantage of the U.S. and British Those responsible for the Sept. 11 military attacks against Osama bin In taped address, bin Laden expresses disdain for America attacks, he said, acted in God’s name. Laden and his allies in the ruling Tal- The brief speech sounded familiar iban. ASSOCIATED PRESS years. Its sons are killed, its blood is have followed injustice. They sup- embassies were bombed in 1998), themes for bin Laden, who since shed, its sanctuaries are attacked, ported the butcher over the victim, Iraq was struck and Afghanistan was Musharraf called for a short mili- Text of Osama bin Laden’s taped re- 1996 has waged his campaign from and no one hears and no one heeds. the oppressor over the innocent struck. Hypocrisy stood in force be- tary campaign, targeting bin Laden’s marks, aired on an Arab television sta- mountain redoubts in Afghanistan. Al-Qaida terrorist network, which When God blessed one of the groups child. May God show them His wrath hind the head of infidels worldwide, tion after the U.S. and British strikes of Islam, vanguards of Islam, they de- and give them what they deserve. He pointedly focused on issues the United States believes was be- Sunday. The remarks, which refer to behind the cowards of this age, hind the Sept. 11 terror attacks on stroyed America. I pray to God to ele- I say that the situation is clear and America and those who are with it. that will prove most compelling to the Sept. 11 terror attacks on New York vate their status and bless them. obvious. After this event, after the sen- an Arab and Muslim audience — the New York and Washington. and Washington, appear to have been These events have divided the Musharraf said the attacks were Millions of innocent children are ior officials have spoken in America, Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the plight made before Sunday’s strikes. The text whole world into two sides. The side “against terrorists, terrorism, their being killed as I speak. They are be- starting with the head of infidels of Iraq under U.N. sanctions, and the is translated from the Arabic. of believers and the side of infidels, sanctuaries and their supporters.” ing killed in Iraq without commit- worldwide, Bush, and those with him. may God keep you away from them. presence of U.S. troops on land Mus- Musharraf said he had told Presi- ting any sins, and we don’t hear con- They have come out in force with their I bear witness that there is no God Every Muslim has to rush to make lims consider sacred. dent Bush and British Prime Minister demnation or a fatwa (religious de- men and have turned even the coun- his religion victorious. The winds of but Allah and that Mohammad is his cree) from the rulers. In these days, tries that belong to Islam to this How it’s viewed: “It was very ef- Tony Blair that “this action should faith have come. The winds of messenger. Israeli tanks infest Palestine — in treachery, and they want to wag their fective,” said Jamal Khashoggi, not be allowed to be taken advantage change have come to eradicate op- of by the northern alliance,” refer- There is America, hit by God in one Jenin, Ramallah, Rafah, Beit Jalla, and tail at God, to fight Islam, to suppress deputy editor of the Arab News in pression from the island of Muham- ring to the Afghan opposition coali- of its softest spots. Its greatest build- other places in the land of Islam, and people in the name of terrorism. Jiddah, Saudi Arabia. “He pinpointed mad, peace be upon him. tion fighting the Taliban. ings were destroyed, thank God for we don’t hear anyone raising his When people at the ends of the the matters that are in the hearts of To America, I say only a few words “The northern alliance must not that. There is America, full of fear voice or moving a limb. earth, Japan, were killed by their all Muslims, whether they are in In- from its north to its south, from its to it and its people. I swear by God, draw mileage out of this action and When the sword comes down (on hundreds of thousands, young and donesia or Morocco.” west to its east. Thank God for that. America), after 80 years, hypocrisy old, it was not considered a war who has elevated the skies without the post-action has to be balance,” In the speech, bin Laden demand- he added. What America is tasting now is rears its ugly head. They deplore and crime, it is something that has justi- pillars, neither America nor the peo- Pakistan has maintained close ties something insignificant compared to they lament for those killers, who fication. Millions of children in Iraq is ple who live in it will dream of secu- ed the estimated 5,000 U.S. troops for years with the Taliban and is the what we have tasted for scores of have abused the blood, honor and something that has justification. But rity before we live it in Palestine, and leave Saudi Arabia, territory consid- only country that recognizes the Is- years. Our nation (the Islamic world) sanctuaries of Muslims. The least when they lose dozens of people in not before all the infidel armies leave ered sacred because it is home to Is- lamic militia as the legitimate gov- has been tasting this humiliation and that can be said about those people Nairobi and Dar es Salaam (capitals the land of Muhammad, peace be lam’s two holiest shrines, at Mecca ernment of Afghanistan. this degradation for more than 80 is that they are debauched. They of Kenya and Tanzania, where U.S. upon him. and Medina. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

Page A4 TheVindicator MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001

TARGETING TERRORISM | bin Laden

We anticipate a black future for America. Instead of remaining United States, it shall end up separated states and shall have to carry the bodies of its sons back to America. “ – Osama bin Laden-- Usama bin” Laden, 1998

FACE BEHIND THE

TERRORBy Eric Schoenborn and Jonathan Boho / Scripps Howard News Service ince the Sept. 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, the question has been asked S repeatedly: Why? Why would someone commit acts of such devastation against citizens of the United States? The answer may lie in the words of Saudi exile Osama bin Laden, who U.S. officials believe is the man most likely responsible for the Sept. 11 attacks. Few have articulated the reasoning behind terrorist attacks against U.S. targets as well as bin Laden, who on Aug. 23, 1996, issued a declaration of jihad, or holy war, against U.S. troops in the Middle East. That declaration was expanded in a February 1998 edict to kill Americans, including civilians, “in any country in which it is possible to do it.”

“We believe that the worst thieves in the world today and the worst terrorists ON AMERICA: ON ISLAM: “The call to wage war against America was “Our primary mission is nothing but the further- are the Americans. Nothing could stop you except perhaps retaliation in kind.” made because America has spear-headed the ing of [Islam]. ... Let not the West be taken in by crusade against the Islamic nation, sending those who say that Muslims choose nothing but tens of thousands of its troops to ** the land slaughtering. Their brothers in East Europe, in of the two Holy Mosques over and above its Turkey and in Albania have been guided by Allah meddling in its affairs and its politics, and its to submit to Islam and to experience the bliss of support of the oppressive, corrupt and tyranni- Islam. cal regime that is in control. “… We believe that Allah has created us for the “Our mothers and daughters and sons are purpose of worshipping him ... Allah has ordered slaughtered every day with the approval of us to make holy wars and to fight to see to it America and its support. And, while America that His word is the highest and the uppermost blocks the entry of weapons into Islamic coun- and that of the unbelievers the lowermost. We tries, it provides the Israelis with a continuous believe that this is the call we have to answer supply of arms allowing them thus to kill and Osama bin ...” Laden in a video massacre more Muslims.” released by Al-Qaida to the ON TERRORISM: ON THE FUTURE: Middle East “The terrorism we practice is of the commend- “… Allah has granted the Muslim people and Broadcasting the Afghani mujahedeen, and those with them, Company calling able kind for it is directed at the tyrants and the for recruits, aggressors and the enemies of Allah, the the opportunity to fight the Russians and the donations tyrants, the traitors who commit acts of treason Soviet Union. “... They were defeated by Allah and action and were wiped out. There is a lesson here. The against the U.S. against their own countries and their own faith and their own prophet and their own nation. Ter- Soviet Union entered Afghanistan late in De- rorizing those and punishing them are neces- cember of ’79. The flag of the Soviet Union was sary measures to straighten things and to make folded once and for all on the 25th of Decem- * them right. ber just 10 years later. It was thrown in the Making of an emir wastebasket. Gone was the Soviet Union forev- “Our mothers and daughters are slaughtered er. We are certain that we shall — with the grace of Allah — prevail over the Americans …” The 17th child of a wealthy Saudi construction magnate, Osama bin ments against the Saudi monarchy. It is here where U.S. officials believe each day with the approval of America and its Laden began his political life when he left Saudi Arabia to join the CIA- Al-Qaida’s attention turned to terrorist activities against the United support ... you have no right to object to any re- Source: ABC News interview, May 1998 backed Afghan resistance (called the mujahedeen) in the fight to expel States. While in Sudan he was able to lay the foundation for a coalition sponse or retaliation that reciprocates your ac- the invading Soviets from Afghanistan in 1979. In the last years of that of terrorist groups with a hard-line Islamic agenda. After a series of ter- tions.” 10-year conflict, which resulted a Soviet retreat, bin Laden created Al- rorist actions against U.S. targets, pressure from the U.S. and Saudi Ara- Qaida, – translated as “the Base” – a group founded to aid the Afghan bia forced Sudan to expel bin Laden in 1996, whereupon bin Laden resistance. Bin Laden returned to Saudi Arabia and became a dissident moved to Afghanistan. Bin Laden continues to live in Afghanistan as a * emir – military commander. when his country offered support to the U.S. in the Gulf War. Bin Laden “guest” of that country’s Taliban government. ** the land of the two Holy Mosques – Saudi Arabia contains two of the three holiest sites in the Islamic faith, the al-Aqsa fled to Afghanistan, then Sudan, once he was punished for his state- Mosque in Medina and the Holy Kabba in Mecca. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001 TheVindicator Page A5

TARGETING TERRORISM | Al-Qaida

1985 1986 Eighteen U.S. citizens are 1985 Bomb at West Berlin, taken hostage in 1996 Apartment 2001 TWA flight 847 hi- Germany, nightclub Lebanon. the last complex housing Hijacked airplanes crash kills three, including 1998 2000 jacked from Athens hostage, Terry Anderson, U.S. servicemen hit U.S. embassies in USS Cole am- into World Trade Center, to Rome. One Ameri- two U.S. servicemen; an Associated Press news with car bomb in Pentagon. WTC towers col- 1983 1983 bombing later proven 1993 Kenya and Tanza- bushed by suicide can, Navy diver bureau chief in Beirut, is 1993 Saudi Arabia – 19 nia bombed – 224 bomber in the lapse – at least 7,000 re- U.S. embassy Car bombing of to be a plot supported not released until Decem- U.S. soldiers are World Trade Center 1995 dead, about 400 bombed in Beirut, barracks kills 241 Robert Dean Steth- people killed, thou- Yemeni port of ported dead or missing; em, was killed during by Libyan leader Mo- ber 1991. ambushed in So- is bombed – six Car bombing in wounded. 2,326 wounded. Lebanon, killing 66 U.S. Marines in hamar Gadhafi. killed, about 1,000 Saudi Arabia – five sands injured. Aden — 17 dead; 39 the hijacking. malia; 18 soldiers injured. people. Lebanon. are killed. injured. U.S. servicemen dead.

SUCCESSFUL ATTACKS THWARTED ATTACKS MAJOR TERRORIST ATTACKS AGAINST U.S. TARGETS SINCE 1983: 1994 1995 1998 1999 Assassination plot against Pope John Attempt to bomb over a dozen U.S. trans- Unsuccessful plot Plot to attack several U.S. targets including LAX, Dis- Paul II during his visit to Manila, Philip- Pacific flights. One plane bound for Tokyo to bomb the U.S. neyland and millennium celebrations in major cities If there is any pattern to the terrorism of the past 20 years, it is ines. from Manila was bombed in a test of this embassy in Alba- around the U.S.; tied to plots to bomb several Christ- Plot to bomb U.S. embassies in Manila plot. nia. ian holy sites in Israel as well as a U.S. warship and a that attacks have become increasingly more ambitious and costly and possibly other Asian capitals. Plot to kill President Clinton during his hotel in Jordan. in terms of lives and property lost. visit to the Philippines.

TERRORISM’S GLOBAL REACH The breadth of resources and contacts available to Al-Qaida spans across the world. In addition to the resources listed on this map, Al-Qaida is connected to operations in Canada, Ecuador and the United States, according to U.S. officials.

States that Known legiti- Known accom- Thwarted ter- Successful at- Known bank Countries Known sponsor mate busi- plice groups of rorist attacks tacks on U.S. accounts known to have Al-Qaida terrorism nesses Al-Qaida on U.S. targets targets assisted terrorist camps according to Al-Qaida the U.S.

Scripps Howard News Service ‘THE BASE’

The specifics of Al-Qaida’s operations remain enigmatic and elusive to U.S. officials, who believe this shadowy net- work to have “cells” operating in dozens of countries with considerable assistance from other like-minded terrorist groups. Much of what we know about Al-Qaida comes from court testimony of suspected terrorists connected to the group, most notably the testimony of former Al-Qaida high-level operative Jamal Ahmedal-Fadl, who testified in the recent trial involving the U.S. embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania.

Still from a video released by Al-Qaida to the Middle East Broad- casting Company television calling for recruits and donations. JOINING AL-QAIDA struction company, an import-export business, a financial holding company, and a When approached to join, new members make a bayat — a pledge of allegiance — to transportation company. He also owns a company in Sudan that produces 80 percent of Al-Qaida and Osama bin Laden. According to al-Fadl, this means, “You agree about the world’s supply of gum arabic, a material used in many products ranging from cough agenda, jihad. You obey orders, whatever they ask you to do. You have to be ready all syrup and pharmaceuticals to soups and candy, according to a recent Center for Policy WEB OF TERRORISM Studies in Russia (PIR) report. Al-Qaida makes use of members from other Islamic extremist organi- the time.…They ask you to go anywhere in the world for specific mission or target, zations seeking to expel the U.S. from the Middle East and install Is- [you] have to.” Besides his numerous legitimate businesses, bin Laden is believed to be siphoning lamic governments in their home countries. Among the dozens of After swearing to a bayat, new members get a nickname and an assignment, which, ac- money from Islamic charities such as the Muslim World League, International Islamic these groups believed to exist, three in particular have played a high- cording to al-Fadl, can range from administrative work to further military training and ly important role in the rise of Al-Qaida: Relief Organization and the Qatar Relief Fund, the PIR Center report said. Other intelli- preparation. gence reports show that bin Laden may additionally be receiving money from the sale al Jihad, Egypt — Made a reciprocal agreement with Al-Qaida to help with its ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING and distribution of illicit drugs — as much as $1 billion a year, according to the PIR Cen- agenda and vice-versa. Members also help train prospects at Al-Qaida’s Al-Qaida members may receive a salary, anywhere from $200 to $1,500 a month de- ter report. Afghani camps. Reportedly Al-Qaida members have recently complained of the pending on their status within Al-Qaida and their citizenship status, al-Fadl said. He tes- number of Egyptian members and how powerful they had become in the tified that bin Laden paid more to members with citizenships in Western countries as COMMUNICATION group. Al-Qaida eschews communicating via cellular or standard phones, preferring to use en- an incentive because of their higher earning potential at a “regular” job. Al-Qaida al-Gama’at al-Islamiya, Egypt — Formerly a rival, this group made a reciprocal crypted messages over Internet chat rooms, letters, radio, satellite phones and, above members were also supplemented with supplies of tea, sugar, oil, cooking oil, free med- agreement to help Al-Qaida in 1992. Al-Gama’at’s leader, Sheik Omar Abdel Rah- all else, personal meetings, according to al-Fadl’s testimony. ical care and travel expenses, al-Fadl said. Also, members received bonuses for com- man, was convicted in 1995 of conspiracy to assassinate Egyptian President Hos- pleting missions successfully. Al-Fadl said he received a $10,000 “good job bonus” from ARSENAL ni Mubarek and bomb the United Nations headquarters and other New York land- Al-Qaida after organizing a purchase of uranium from Sudanese militants. In Somalia, marks. Many of its Al-Qaida-affiliated members were enraged when Al-Qaida did Al-Qaida members involved with the ambush on U.S. servicemen were given large Besides assault weapons, Al-Qaida has these weapons in their arsenal: ■ not retaliate after Rahman’s imprisonment. enough bonuses that they bought property when they returned to Sudan. Stinger missiles ■ Milan anti-tank rockets Hizbollah, Iran — Headed by security chief Imad Mughniyah, Hizbollah is sus- CASH FLOW Additionally, Al-Qaida operatives have attempted to buy anthrax and botulism in South pected of supplying explosives and masterminding the 1996 attack on an apart- Bin Laden is believed to have inherited up to $300 million from his family’s construc- Asia, and are involved in chemical weapons production in conjunction with the Su- ment complex in Saudi Arabia, and supplying explosives expertise in the 1998 tion business in Saudi Arabia. This initial sum has helped the former finance student to danese government, according to the PIR Center report. Further evidence exists that U.S. embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania and the 2000 USS Cole bombing start several legitimate businesses that support Al-Qaida’s activities, according to U.S. bin Laden launched a campaign in 1998 to obtain “suitcase bombs,” small tactical nu- in Yemen. authorities. When Al-Qaida headquarters were in Sudan, bin Laden established at least clear weapons, through organized crime connections in Chechnya, the report says. four productive farms that produced sesame, peanuts, fruit, wheat and corn, a con- Sources: U.S. State Department, Center for Policy Studies in Russia, court documents Source: U.S. State Department Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

Page A6 TheVindicator MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001

TARGETING TERRORISM | Allied Forces

TARGETS ALLIES Pledges Great Britain, Canada, Australia, Germany and France have pledged forces in the attacks against Afghanistan, according to President Bombs pound terrorist camps Bush. Here are details: GREAT BRITAIN In an unusual twist, the bomb- of Staff. He called the strikes “the Deployment early stages of ongoing combat op- of missile- ing missions were combined erations.” firing sub- with food drops. Both Rumsfeld and Myers stressed marines and that Sunday’s engagement included reconnais- operations beyond the bombing and WASHINGTON POST sance and missile strikes that Myers sad “may other air- WASHINGTON — The U.S.-led not be so visible.” craft, and the use of the air base on airstrikes in Afghanistan on Sunday Rumsfeld said “covert” aspects of the Diego Garcia, a British island in the were aimed at crippling the ruling attacks were designed to gather intel- Indian Ocean. The submarines were Taliban militia’s small but worrisome used Sunday, and air assets would be ligence “that will enable us to be more air defenses, punishing that regime available in the coming days. precise in what we do, and to force peo- for supporting terrorists and under- ple to move and change what they’re FRANCE cutting its ability to defend itself doing.” Other officials said that one President against rebel forces, Pentagon offi- purpose of the first wave of strike was Jacques cials said. to see how bin Laden and his associ- Chirac said The fiercest part of Sunday’s open- ates reacted — that is, where they took ing raid was concentrated on the French ves- refuge, how they communicated, and sels were training camps associated with how they moved. That data is likely to associated Osama bin Laden’s global terrorist with the network. Those camps in the valleys be used in additional strikes in coming Sunday operation, but he did not give of eastern Afghanistan were flat- days, the officials said. details. France has pledged troops and tened in concentrated B-52 strikes Northern alliance: While hesi- sea support, and said it would open its with hundreds of old-style unguided tant to talk about the presence of U.S. airspace to U.S. military aircraft. “iron” bombs, officials said. troops, Rumsfeld noted that Sunday’s GERMANY Sunday’s relatively small but fo- attacks were coordinated with “a number of elements on the ground Authorities cused strikes, involving 40 aircraft in Afghanistan.” They include the have in- and 50 cruise missiles, was the first creased pa- phase of what Pentagon officials say northern alliance, a band of Uzbek trols around will be a sustained operation. and Tajik rebel fighters that has been U.S. military “The effect we hope to achieve at war with the Taliban for years, and and diplo- through these raids . . . is to create Associated Press groups in the south from the coun- conditions for sustained anti-terror- try’s dominant Pashtoon ethnic matic in- STOCKED: Ordnances sit on the flight deck of the USS Enterprise in the northern Indian Ocean. stallations and businesses, as well as ist and humanitarian relief opera- group, who dislike the Taliban and at synagogues, mosques and other tions in Afghanistan,” Defense Sec- its Islamic fundamentalist leader, of packets of food inside Afghanistan and the USS John Paul Jones; a Spru- early warning radars operated by the Jewish and Islamic buildings. Police retary Donald H. Rumsfeld said at a Mohammad Omar. — a move aimed at alleviating the ance-class destroyer, the USS O’Bri- Taliban and some military head- and military personnel have been de- Pentagon news conference. In an exception to the general pat- emerging humanitarian crisis and an; and an Aegis cruiser, the Philip- quarters, officials said. ployed to help protect U.S. military Rumsfeld appeared to confirm that tern of attacking alleged terrorists winning the hearts of the Afghan pine Sea. All of the bombers landed safely bases in the country. there are a small number of U.S. and their Taliban supporters, one people. Defense officials said 15 Air Force on Diego Garcia, but the B-2s were AUSTRALIA troops now inside Afghanistan. group of U.S. bombers hit a concen- Asked directly, Rumsfeld said he dis- “It’s the first time I’ve ever heard of bombers — B-1s and B-52s flying not scheduled to conduct additional tration of Taliban tanks near the ma- Pledged trying to feed the people while from Diego Garcia and a pair of B-2 strikes. No aircraft were damaged about 150 liked discussing current operations jor city in northern Afghanistan, and that there were not “significant you’re trying to destroy their gov- “Stealth” bombers from Whiteman during the strikes, and no Afghan air- Mazar-i-Sharif. special ernment,” said Rep. Ike Skelton, the Air Force Base, near Kansas City — craft flew in response to the strikes, forces, two numbers of U.S. military on the Harun Amin, spokesman for the ranking Democrat on the House dropped conventional and precision- officials said. air-to-air re- ground.” Other officials have said northern alliance, or United Front, in Armed Services Committee and a guided bombs on numerous targets. fueling air- that roughly 50 Special Forces troops The heavy bomber force was Washington, said that his organiza- craft and specializing in liasion and recon- student of military history. “I don’t Heavy strikes were reported in the joined by 25 F-14 Tomcats and F-18 tion was now coordinating militari- other military assistance. naissance are working with the think it’s ever been done before, but Afghan capital of Kabul and the Hornets from two aircraft carriers in ly with American and other interna- I think it’s an excellent strategy.” southern city of Kandahar, the Tal- the Arabian Sea, the USS Enterprise CANADA rebels of Afghanistan’s Northern Al- tional forces, and that it had been liance, but until now the officials Multiple forces: The strikes iban’s spiritual home. and the USS Carl E. Vinson. Other told to remain in place while the Possibly CF- have said those troops have operat- mixed naval forces in the Arabian Sea ‘Dumb’ bombs: The B-1s and B- naval aircraft flew electronic jam- bombing continues. 18 fighter ed in neighboring Tajikistan. and bombers flying from the Indian 52s concentrated on attacking ter- ming and combat air patrol missions. jets, special “When due time comes — when “These efforts are designed to dis- forces troops Relief mission: In an unusual de- Ocean island of Diego Garcia and rorist training camps, pounding the communications have been cut, and military parture from military practice, the from a base in Missouri. Four U.S. them with 500-pound, Mark 82 un- rupt and destroy terrorist activities military depots destroyed and Tal- intelligence. U.S.-led air campaign will employ a surface ships, a U.S. submarine and guided “dumb” bombs from a high in Afghanistan, and to set the condi- iban military have been reduced — Citing secu- novel strategy of combining combat a British submarine pounded altitude. The B-2s each carried 16 tions for future military action as that will set the conditions for us to rity concerns, Prime Minister Jean attacks with relief operations. Air Afghanistan with Tomahawk cruise 2,000-pound Joint Direct Attack Mu- well as to bring much-needed food engage the Taliban on the ground Chretien declined to say precisely how Force C-17 transport jets were poised missiles in attacks that began at nitions, precision weapons guided to and medical to the people of and liberate the terrorities they the Canadian military would assist. to begin flying from Ramstein, Ger- 12:30 EDT. The surface ships were their targets by Global Positioning Afghanistan,” said Richard B. Myers, hold,” he said. “There will be coordi- many, to begin dropping thousands two Aegis destroyers, the USS McFall System satellites; these bombs hit the new chairman of the Joint Chiefs nation on when to move.”

W ARFARE INDIAN OCEAN Fight will require U.S. ship successfully fires use of special forces The war on terrorism began in man of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. “But visible or not, our friends and a conventional way. enemies should understand that all 4 of 5 Tomahawk missiles instruments of our national power, as ing aft. Do not go aft. If you’re aft, SOUTH FLORIDA SUN-SENTINEL well as those of our friends and allies One of the missiles misfired around the world, are being brought take cover. The “fourth generation” of warfare to bear on this global menace.” and failed to clear the Later, the captain said “the bolts — an unconventional conflict fought Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld launcher. that hold the missile into the cell against shadowy groups over shift- said the war will “use overt as well as didn’t release. I don’t know why.” ing borders and by small groups of covert activities to improve target in- Still, he described the action as “a soldiers — began Sunday in a very formation, to gather intelligence that ABOARD THE USS PHILIPPINE SEA conventional way. (AP) — Four Tomahawk cruise mis- very successful night.” will enable us to be more precise in For over a decade, military strate- what we do, and to force people to siles slashed into the night sky Sun- No names: Sunday was the first gists have been planning for a fourth day, part of the United States’ first move and change what they’re doing, day journalists were allowed access age of conflict: It would surpass the to raise the cost of what they’re do- military blow in President Bush’s war to U.S. military facilities in the region, previous three ages of the smooth- ing, to attempt to reduce the number on terrorism. which have been on high alert since bore musket, the machine gun and of people around the globe who sup- “Is that awesome or what?” said the attacks on the World Trade Cen- the advent of rapid mobility with port them and finance them.” the captain of the USS Philippine Sea, ter in New York and the Pentagon tanks and aircraft. Purpose: That sounds very much who could only be identified by his In this new age, the enemy would be nearly a month ago. like the task military thinkers have first name, Chris. He spoke as the fi- small and dispersed around the globe: long advocated for troops under the nal missile thundered away, its Earlier Sunday, aboard the USS En- hidden in far deserts, distant jungles terprise, the admiral instructed jour- command of the U.S. Special Opera- booster separating and dropping into and American city streets. There would tions Command (SOCOM) at MacDill the sea. nalists not to use his name and said be no fixed armies, no defined battle- Air Force Base in Tampa. Though the captain would not the secrecy surrounding the opera- fields—the difference between civilian Established in 1987 by an act of specify the target, even generally, re- tions was critical. and military would disappear. Congressional leaders fed up with ports soon emerged of the U.S.- “We have absolutely nothing to How things started: Yet Sunday’s terrorist strikes, SOCOM is one of British action against Afghanistan. hide, but a lot of things to protect,” attack began in a way Americans nine unified or multiservice com- The United States accuses he said. “We’re facing new danger, have grown accustomed to — the mands in the military. It is the only night vision blips of million-dollar Afghanistan’s ruling Taliban of shel- and we have to take precautions.” one with control over its own budg- cruise missile explosions and anti- tering Osama bin Laden, chief sus- The Defense Department set down et, about $4 billion, which has steadi- aircraft fire served up on CNN. ly grown as other military budgets pect in the Sept. 11 terror attacks on a policy of providing no last names the United States. So far, it was the beginning of a tel- have shrunk. for all its people except those in com- In Washington, military officials evised war that would seem to re- Drawing on units in the Army, Navy said the initial strike involved 50 mand positions, according to officials semble the conflicts in the Persian and Air Force, SOCOM designs and Tomahawk cruise missiles, launched aboard the ships. Gulf and Kosovo. implements the classified operations But that’s exactly what it won’t be, from American and British ships. Those in command positions were that often never see the light of day. say former military leaders and Gen. Richard Myers, the Joint Chiefs given a choice about letting reporters Among its troops are members of use last names. The captain of the strategists. What began Sunday af- the supersecret Delta Force and the of Staff, said 15 bombers and 25 ternoon is only the most visible sign strike aircraft, both sea and land- USS Philippine Sea, like his superiors Navy’s Seal Team 6 — elite units whose of an operation that’s likely been go- existence has never been officially ac- based, also were involved. The as- on the USS Enterprise aircraft carri- ing on for weeks in Afghanistan. knowledged by the U.S. military. sault came at 12:30 p.m. EDT — er, decided to allow use of his first It’s one being waged by American For at least two weeks, elements nighttime in Afghanistan, hitting tar- name only. and British special forces who have of Delta and Seal teams, along with gets around the main cities of Kabul, Captain’s address: Shortly before evolved into a fifth service alongside the elite British Special Air Service Kandahar and Jalalabad. the action began, the captain of the the Army, Navy, Marines and Air Force. (SAS), have been thought to be work- “It’s beginning conventionally, but Misfire: Four of the five Toma- Philippine Sea addressed the ship. ing in Afghanistan. hawks launched from the USS Philip- I think there’s a much bigger role for Among their more likely missions In an announcement over the pub- pine Sea went off smoothly, begin- special forces in this conflict,” said would have been reconnaissance to ning at 6:56 p.m. local time (10:56 lic address system at 6:15 p.m., the retired Gen. William Nash, who com- examine terrain, spot targets and a.m. EDT). One of the missiles mis- captain said, “In about a half hour, manded 25,000 multinational sol- simply observe Taliban forces and fired, failing to clear the launcher. we will be launching Tomahawks. diers in Bosnia. population centers. The captain said a Tomahawk from We didn’t start this on the 11th of Likely tasks: “Not only are they They also will be establishing “es- another ship would be fired at the September but we are going to fin- essential in gathering good intelli- cape and evasion” networks to help failed missile’s intended target. ish it. ... I know your courage is there gence, reconnaissance, but they’d be any pilots or other Allied troops “We were a very small part of a and I know your commitment is the ones who are going to be in- caught behind enemy lines. very, very large event that’s happen- volved in food drops, working with Now that the missiles are flying, with there.” the goal of eliminating the Taliban’s ing tonight,” the captain said after the anti-Taliban forces, psychologi- Ensign Holman, 27, of Grand cal operations and civil affairs. anti-aircraft batteries and military the last missile was out of sight. He Rapids, Mich., said his first thought stockpile, special force teams likely will confirmed only that the action was “It’s anything that’s special that a Associated Press on hearing strikes were coming was: conventional force isn’t equipped to move in to train rebel armies and su- part of the U.S. military’s Operation “It’s finally here.” do — and there’s going to be plenty pervise humanitarian assistance. Enduring Freedom and said: “I think GETTING READY: An F-14 Tomcat is serviced by unidentified Navy personnel aboard the USS Enterprise in the northern Indian Ocean. The work was being done The ensign was the assistant strike of special needs in this war,” said Bin Laden hunt: And yes, there our enemies have underestimated Nash. will be the hunt for Bin Laden. But in- Sunday. officer, helping coordinate and or- our resolve.” That role, one that has been de- stead of the commando missions so The USS Philippine Sea is part of ganize the launches in the Combat Information Center, from which the veloping through several wars over familiar to Hollywood audiences, the the USS Enterprise battle group. But, could only say that the aircraft carri- burned out. Tiny bits of hot metal the last 20 years, was hinted at by work will likely be more prolonged captain ran the strikes. citing security concerns, the captain er itself was operating in the north- rained down. Photographers and military officials Sunday in the wake and grudging, an intelligence mission of the Philippine Sea declined to re- ern Indian Ocean. some sailors in the area took cover The strike officer, Lt. Brandon, 26, of the U.S. attack. that culminates in capture or death. veal even an approximate location The fourth of the five planned near the Harpoon launchers. Nobody of Waterloo, Iowa, said, “It’s kind of “I want to remind you that while Several military experts said that it for the cruiser. The admiral of the launches, at 7:03 p.m., misfired, fail- was hurt. shocking. I’ve been here training two today’s operations are visible, many may be a mission conducted by mem- USS Enterprise, a battle group with ing to leave the launcher. It lighted An announcement was issued: years for this to actually happen ... other operations may not be so visi- bers of the rebel Northern Alliance su- 7,500 people and many ships, said he up the sea and aft deck until it “Restrained firing aft. Restrained fir- It’s kind of overwhelming.” ble,” said Gen. Richard Myers, chair- pervised by special operation teams. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001 TheVindicator Page A7

TARGETING TERRORISM | Allied Forces

PROFILE | Paul D. Wolfowitz MILITARY STRATEGY Pentagon says strike was part of a 3-pronged plan No British aircraft flew in the opening attack.

KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS WASHINGTON — U.S. and British airstrikes and cruise missile attacks in Afghanistan were part of a three- pronged military plan, Pentagon of- ficials said Sunday. The airstrikes, which began after dark in Afghanistan, were to contin- Associated Press ue through the night and over com- BACKS BROADER ACTION: U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz has ar- ing days, U.S. officials said. The goals are to: gued strongly for action to overthrow Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. Since Destroy the Taliban regime’s ear- the Sept. 11 attacks, Wolfowitz has been heavily involved in White House meet- ly-warning radars, surface-to-air ings on the war against terrorism. missile launchers, anti-aircraft guns, fighter aircraft, and command and control centers so that allied planes can operate safely. Simultaneously airdrop food and Deputy defense medical supplies to civilians to make clear to them and the rest of the Muslim world that Osama bin Laden and the Taliban, not the Afghan peo- ple, are the targets of the military campaign. secretary takes Weaken the Taliban militarily so that the Afghan resistance can take power, enabling U.S. and British ground forces to freely search out and destroy bin Laden and his ter- hawkish stance rorist followers in Afghanistan. Associated Press An advocate of striking Iraq, critic and political thinker whose Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld TAKING QUESTIONS: Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, right, calls on a reporter during a briefing at the Pentagon, conservative, anti-relativist ideas described the broad goal of the about missile attacks. With him is Gen. Richard Myers, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Wolfowicz has been far more eventually would spark a national airstrikes as “to create conditions for controversy with the publication in sustained anti-terrorist and humani- “The missile-firing submarines are Soviet occupation in the 1980s. erations in Afghanistan will “contin- concerned with policy than his 1987 of his book, “The Closing of the tarian relief operations in Afghanistan.” in use tonight,” Blair said. “The air “Those things are a pretty lethal ue in a variety of ways over a sus- predecessors. American Mind.” Weapons: The attacks began assets will be available for use in the weapon,” the officer said, because tained period of time,” Rumsfeld In 1970, Wolfowitz landed a pres- about 12:30 p.m. EDT with strikes by coming days.” they cannot be detected from the air said. tigious teaching post at Yale. By then, 15 U.S. long-range bombers, 25 U.S. LOS ANGELES TIMES JDAMS: The B-2 bombers dropped before they are fired and can be hid- One of the goals, he added, is to he had attracted the attention of a Navy planes flying from aircraft car- Joint Direct Attack Munitions den as easily as a single man. strengthen the Northern Alliance WASHINGTON — He is the network of conservative thinkers in riers, and 50 cruise missiles fired by (JDAMS), or bombs that are guided to But Stingers cannot reach planes rebels and others trying to topple the Washington who were laying the staunchest hawk in the war room, U.S. and British warships, said Air their targets by the satellite Global flying above 10,000 feet and thus are Taliban so as to get at the al Qaeda groundwork for a revolt against Hen- the Bush administration insider who Force Gen. Richard Myers, chairman Positioning System, said a Pentagon a greater threat to helicopters than terror network. But he declined to ry A. Kissinger’s then-dominant for- insists the war on terrorism must of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. official who requested anonymity. fixed-wing aircraft. describe what forms of aid the allies eign policy of détente — the pursuit target not just Osama bin Laden, but A senior defense official, speaking The B-1s and B-52s dropped some “To achieve the outcomes we seek, might give the resistance. of warmer relations between the Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. on condition of anonymity, said the JDAMS but also engaged in “carpet it is important to go after air defense Airdrops of leaflets and radio With more U.S. firepower amassed United States and the Soviet Union. planes and ships that took part Sun- and Taliban aircraft,” Rumsfeld said. broadcasts from an EC-130E Com- The group, which included Richard bombing” of suspected terrorist in the Mideast than at any time since day included: camps, dropping large numbers of “We need the freedom to operate on mando Solo aircraft to explain the al- the Persian Gulf War, Deputy De- N. Perle and Kenneth Adelman, per- B-52 and B-1 bombers flying from the ground and in the air.” lied operations to the Afghan people suaded Wolfowitz to come to Wash- 500-pound Mark-82 “dumb” bombs, fense Secretary Paul D. Wolfowitz the British-owned Indian Ocean is- the Pentagon official said. “We’ve also targeted command fa- began Sunday as well, Rumsfeld said. has made no secret of his push to use ington. He served first in the gov- land of Diego Garcia and two B-2 cilities for those forces that we know “The real center of gravity in all of ernment’s Arms Control and Disar- The attacks were coordinated from the military buildup to launch a stealth bombers flying from White- a U.S. command and control center support terrorist elements within this are the Afghans,” said the sen- broader war against the Iraqi leader. mament Agency. He later served as man Air Force Base, Mo. Afghanistan and critical terrorist ior military officer. assistant secretary of state for East in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, said a sen- So far, with Secretary of State Col- F/A-18 Hornet strike planes and F- ior military officer who spoke on sites,” the defense secretary added. Gulf War: The air strikes in in Powell, Defense Secretary Donald Asian and Pacific affairs and as am- 14 Tomcat fighter escorts flying from bassador to Indonesia during the condition of anonymity. Targets: Another defense official Afghanistan superficially resembled the Rumsfeld and other ranking admin- the aircraft carriers USS Enterprise The plan is to mount humanitari- said that among the targets struck opening of the 1991 Persian Gulf War, istration officials conveying a more Reagan administration, before join- and USS Carl Vinson, both sailing in an relief operations on the ground, were early-warning radar sites, sur- when U.S. and allied planes and ships restrained public message, Wol- ing the first Bush administration as the Arabian Sea. as well, when that can safely be face-to-air missile emplacements, firing cruise missiles targeted Iraqi air fowitz’s argument seems in the mi- undersecretary of defense for policy. Tomahawk cruise missiles fired from done, Rumsfeld said. airfields, aircraft, and command and defenses and fighter aircraft first. nority. But even as the United States Over the years, Wolfowitz has be- four U.S. surface warships, one U.S. sub- “That requires that, among other control centers. But the targets in Afghanistan are maintains a coalition that includes a come the undisputed leader of a marine, and one British submarine. number of nations opposed to an as- close-knit group of defense intellec- things, we first remove the threat The airstrikes “hit a couple of ter- far fewer and the goals much broad- The surface ships that fired cruise from air defenses and from Taliban rorist training camps,” the official er than they were in the Gulf War, sault on Iraq, the hard-line stance by tuals who have offered an increas- missiles were: the USS Philippine the No. 2 man at the Pentagon isn’t ingly trenchant critique of liberal, aircraft,” he said. added, “and we hit a troop location when allied forces bombed Iraqi Sea, an Aegis cruiser; the Aegis de- Airdrops of food and medicine be- where tanks and other ground troops in Kuwait and military targets necessarily being ignored. humanitarian-based foreign policy. stroyers USS John Paul Jones and USS “Rumsfeld has decided not to go Wolfowitz has made no secret gan less than two hours after the first equipment were in the north near in Baghdad for six weeks before at- McFaul; and the USS O’Brien, a Spru- cruise missile and air strikes, Rumsfeld where the Northern Alliance was en- tacking on the ground. after Iraq just now,” one administra- among friends of his ambition to hold ance-class destroyer. tion official said. “But he hasn’t giv- Cabinet rank. Indeed, after advising said, with a goal of dropping 37,500 gaged sometime last week.” The In Afghanistan, Rumsfeld said, Pentagon officials declined to daily rations and medicine to starva- troop concentration hit was near “there are not a lot of high-value tar- en up on it.” George W. Bush’s 2000 presidential identify the submarines. Wolfowitz does not like to lose. campaign on national security mat- tion-threatened Afghan civilians. Mazaar-e-Sharif, he said. gets,” and the task is to “assist those Britain’s role: No British aircraft The Taliban announced it had shot Gen. Myers suggested ground oper- forces in the country that are opposed Background: From his youth as ters, he was mentioned as a leading candidate for defense secretary. flew in the opening strikes, the sen- down a U.S. plane, but Rumsfeld denied ations by U.S. special operations troops to Taliban and opposed to al-Qaeda.” the son of a prominent mathemati- ior defense official said, but other U.S. it. “We have no information that any and British commandos also were part Beyond its air defense system, the Involvement: Although the job of cian and the star student of neocon- American aircraft has been brought of the plan, saying: “While today’s op- Taliban’s military has 40 to 50 fight- deputy defense secretary tradition- surveillance, refueling, and fighter es- servative guru Allan Bloom to his down at this moment,” he said. erations are visible, many other oper- er aircraft in varying states of repair, ally is mostly managerial, Wolfowitz corts assisted or accompanied some current job as what he has called the of the bombers on their missions. ations may not be so visible.” a few combat helicopters and a few “alter ego” of Rumsfeld, Wolfowitz, concerns himself far more with pol- Stingers: Perhaps the greatest British Prime Minister Tony Blair Rumsfeld declined to rule out us- dozen tanks, the senior military offi- 57, has shown himself to be savvy, icy than his predecessors. In the threat to U.S. aircraft in the Taliban’s said in a statement on the airstrikes ing U.S. ground troops in larger num- cer said. disciplined and eminently capable of spring, when the Pentagon’s focus hands are 100 or so U.S.-made, that the United States last Wednes- bers in Afghanistan but said that “if Once the air defenses have been making himself heard. was on Rumsfeld’s promise to “trans- shoulder-fired Stinger anti-aircraft we had significant numbers of U.S. “taken down,” this officer said, allied “There is no doubt that today [Wol- form” the military, Wolfowitz was day requested the use of Diego Gar- missiles, said the senior military of- military on the ground, it would have planes are likely to begin targeting fowitz] is exceedingly influential on put in charge of the effort. Since the cia and the participation of the ficer. The CIA provided the missiles been known by now.” Taliban tanks and might provide policy matters, much more influen- Sept. 11 attacks put the department British submarine and “reconnais- to Afghan rebels who were fighting a tial than the second man at the Pen- on a wartime footing, he has been a sance and other aircraft.” The military and humanitarian op- “close air support” for rebel forces. tagon normally is,” said Ted Warner, a constant figure in White House former assistant secretary of defense. meetings on how to fight the war Warner added: “At least since the against terrorists. early ’90s, he’s been the guy arguing By all accounts, Wolfowitz has nev- for overthrowing Saddam Hussein.” er been able to shake the idea that he What’s next? More airstrikes and night raids Such tenacity is a trademark of and the first Bush administration failed Wolfowitz. His friends say that once in 1991 by not toppling Hussein and Taliban military and govern- Myers, along with past and other U Special operations raids. Army medicine, blankets and other sup- he makes up his mind to pursue his government. He has said that he current military leaders. Rangers, Green Berets, Delta Force plies to impoverished Afghan civil- something, he rarely gives up. was not high enough in the pecking or- ment facilities will continue to Expected are: and Navy SEALs are likely to conduct ians living in sections of the country U More airstrikes. Attacks by U.S. swift, clandestine raids at night to Born in Brooklyn, Wolfowitz was der to overcome those who disagreed, be targeted. controlled by the Northern Alliance raised in Ithaca, N.Y., where his father such as Powell. Powell, then chairman and British cruise missiles and laser- hunt for targets for U.S. strike planes opposition to the Taliban. Once Tal- was a professor at Cornell University. of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and others guided bombs are likely to last at and missiles, as well as to find and iban air defenses and missile sites are Initially he followed in the family foot- argued that such a push would frac- SCRIPPS HOWARD least several more days. Targets will flush out bin Laden followers and continue to be Taliban army surface- maybe even the elusive leader him- crippled enough to make the skies steps, studying math and chemistry at ture the fragile Gulf War coalition. WASHINGTON — The Pentagon is the school. But in the middle of his Since then, Wolfowitz has contin- to-air missile sites, radar, communi- self. safe over the 90 percent of keeping its military game plan senior year, he abruptly concluded ued to insist at every opportunity cations, air defenses, airfields, com- U A new offensive by Northern Al- Afghanistan they control, air drops against Afghan ruling forces publicly that mathematics was too abstract. that the United States should finish mand and control facilities, ammu- liance rebels against the Taliban, of supplies will begin there as well. vague, partly to maintain an element He became entranced with the the job. nition stores and garrisons. Taliban with help from U.S. forces. Special U Psychological operations. U.S. of surprise and partly because it is a world of politics and policymaking, Since the Sept. 11 attacks, Wol- government buildings in the capital operations commandos can be ex- Special Forces troops will drop radios fowitz’s stance has only hardened. fluid operation with few defined and enrolled in the master’s program city of Kabul and elsewhere also are pected to provide reconnaissance and leaflets and broadcast messages in political science and economics at boundaries. likely. and strategic help, and American Degree of influence? As the U.S. describing America as the friend of the University of Chicago. response to the terrorist attacks plays Even so, outlines of what lies im- Also in the crosshairs will be about warplanes will work with Northern Mentors: There, Wolfowitz be- out, Wolfowitz will be a key player. mediately ahead militarily can be two dozen Afghan terrorist training Alliance ground forces against Tal- the Afghan and Muslim people, in- came a protégé of Albert Wohlstetter, But it remains to be seen whether he gleaned from statements of Defense camps for recruits to Islamic ex- iban troops. tent on ending terrorism but also one of the pioneers in Cold War will prevail in his push for a broader Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and Joint tremist leader Osama bin Laden’s U Humanitarian air drops. U.S. C- helping Afghanistan get back on its strategic thinking, and of Bloom, the war or perhaps overplay his hand. Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Richard holy war against America and Israel. 17 cargo aircraft are dropping food, feet after two decades of war.

AFGHANISTAN Northern Alliance, Taliban exchange fire in the mountains One official said the alliance an hour after the U.S. led strikes capital Kabul and the city of Kandahar. Russian forces guard the Afghan-Tajik against Afghanistan began. By 3 a.m. Asked about the immediate plans border, and Russia is sending military will try to enter Kabul. today, the fighting had subsided. of the northern alliance, Afghan em- assistance to the anti-Taliban forces. The northern alliance, in control of bassy official Rahimullah — who like Before the strikes, the Taliban said CHARIKAR, Afghanistan (AP) — roughly 5 percent of Afghanistan, has many Afghans uses one name — said they had sent thousands of troops to the been fighting the Taliban for years. that the opposition could make an The Afghan opposition launched an border with Uzbekistan, whose presi- assault on the ruling Taliban militia attempt to enter Kabul. Goal of effort: In Washington, dent has allowed U.S. troops use of an from an air force base just north of “The northern alliance is north of Haron Amin, the ousted Afghan gov- air base for the anti-terrorism campaign. the capital, in an attack coordinated ernment’s special envoy, said the op- Kabul and will be involved in the with Sunday’s U.S.-led military ac- position would move to oust the Tal- fighting,” Rahimullah told the Asso- The Taliban claims could not be in- tion against Afghanistan. iban from power. ciated Press during an interview in dependently verified. However, Rus- Northern alliance forces that con- “These strike are only the initial front of the Afghan Embassy in sia’s Interfax news agency reported trol the Bagram air force base fired phase of the coordinated plan be- Dushanbe, the Tajik capital. Saturday that Taliban troops had multiple-rocket launchers at Taliban tween our forces on the ground and When asked to be more specific, been moving long-range artillery forces that control the surrounding the strikes by the international com- Rahimullah said: “Maybe two days, and multiple rocket launchers to- mountains. The Taliban returned fire munity,” Amin said in a telephone in- maybe a week. It’s a military opera- ward the border. More than 10 guns using Soviet-made BM-21 rockets. terview. “We hope that in a few days’ tion, so I can’t specify.” and rocket launchers had moved He predicted that the fighters The base is about 25 miles north time that we should be in a position within range of the Uzbek border of the capital, Kabul, and the opposi- could make substantial advances in to ... mobilize our ground forces to town of Termez, Interfax said, quot- tion has suggested it could eventu- liberate Afghanistan from the grip of coordination with the air attacks. ally be used as a base for U.S. forces. the tyrannical rule of the Taliban.” Borders: The northern alliance ing Afghan opposition sources. The Taliban still dominates the high In Tajikistan, northeast of Afghanistan, uses Tajikistan, which shares a bor- The Taliban are estimated to have mountains around the base. an opposition spokesman said the alli- der with Afghanistan, as a diplomat- some 40,000 fighters — around a The opposition forces attacked Tal- ance knew the United States intended to ic base. Supplies also flow to the al- quarter of them from Osama bin iban positions around 10 p.m., about attack military targets in both the Afghan liance by way of the country. Laden’s organization. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

Page A8 TheVindicator MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001

TARGET TERRORISM | The drop zones

AFGHANISTAN U ZBEKISTAN To battle-scarred city, another jolt of war Taliban’s Soldiers began a security one knew just where. dahs and yards hidden by bullet- only light visible. Overhead, some- they were at war. But what was happening was evi- pocked walls, where many Taliban where up high, a pilot from a far-off Next strike: The city calmed down wrath crackdown moments after the dent. The president of the United leaders have homes, bearded sol- country carried out orders. after an hour or so. The streets were States, who had said a day earlier diers piled into the backs of pickup Within minutes, reports began to first explosions. quickly deserted except for the occa- that time was running out if the Tal- trucks. trickle out of Afghanistan, some from sional car. In another hour, the cur- iban didn’t hand over Osama bin They roared through the city’s news agencies, some from Taliban few in place, electricity returned. By By AMIR SHAH Laden, was making his words reality. streets in the first minutes after the sources who spoke without giving concerns midnight, lights glowed in homes ASSOCIATED PRESS WRITER Denizens of the Afghan capital — explosion, beginning a swift and their names. They talked of explo- across Kabul; people were still up. its buildings and its 1 million people harsh security crackdown. From sions in Afghan cities — in Kandahar, KABUL, Afghanistan — It was com- alike — grew accustomed to war long their trucks, they screamed at drivers in Jalalabad, in Kabul. But there was one more event to ing up on 9 p.m., a clear night in Kab- ago, so much so that when an to halt, demanding to see identity In Pakistan, Taliban ambassador process: Early Monday, a lone aircraft residents ul, and few Afghans were on the unidentified airplane streaked across papers. Abdul Salam Zaeef was telling re- dropped one bomb in the northern streets of their capital. Curfew was the bright sky in broad daylight Sat- From the sounds, most of the hits porters that both the Taliban leader, edge of Kabul. beginning in a half hour, and the Tal- urday, the reaction was not fear but came in the city’s southwestern sec- Mullah Mohammed Omar, and Then the city went dark again. But Residents expect things to get iban militia that runs the capital curiosity. tion — a neighborhood that includes Osama bin Laden, the main suspect it didn’t matter all that much; any- doesn’t take curfew-breaking light- Sunday night was different. It was the Darulaman Palace, an old royal in the Sept. 11 attacks on the United one in Kabul who wanted to see worse before getting better. ly. for real. Yet there was little sign of residence, and the Balahisar Fort, a States, had survived “by the grace of what had happened to their city had Then, suddenly: five thunderous panic. Mogul-style installation. God.” to wait until about 4:30 a.m. KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS blasts. Anti-aircraft fire illuminating Mobilizing: The lights of the city For more than 30 minutes, Taliban Most of the citizens of the dark- That was when curfew ended, and KARSHI, Uzbekistan — Just hours the sky. Western missiles flying over quickly went dark. In a once-posh anti-aircraft guns thundered their ened capital knew none of this. They when they could go out again to see before America’s anti-terrorist Kabul and landing — somewhere. No neighborhood of rose bushes, veran- ammunition into the darkness, the did, however, know one thing: Again, just what kind of war had arrived. strikes in Afghanistan, a U.S. military cargo plane lumbered through the thick brown haze above this south- P AKISTAN central Uzbek city, flying over mud- brick homes before landing at a nearby air base. Out on the streets, it was like any other day, some residents will tell Military leader you. No one panicked. No one protested. No one clapped. We’ve seen war before, they say. We’re uses promotions not scared. “America is not “I’m not afraid of anything,” the only“ one said an expres- threatened by sionless young to avert trouble the Taliban. So man, stuffing a potato pancake is Uzbekistan. A radical Islamic politician was into his mouth. put under house arrest. “If there’s a war, That is why the I’ll pick up a Americans are KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS weapon.” Don’t believe here. If they can ISLAMABAD, Pakistan — Bracing it, others whis- get rid of the for an anti-American backlash in the per. wake of Sunday’s strikes on “People are Taliban, not Afghanistan, Pakistan’s military ruler afraid,” college only our coun- has shuffled the armed forces lead- student Davron ership to pre-empt a possible alli- Halimov said. try but other ance between radical Islamic ele- “Something nations of the ments and sympathetic command- very bad is going ers, military analysts said. to come of this.” world will be Two generals seen as potential al- Fears: There able to live in lies with Afghanistan’s radical Tal- is reason to peace.” iban regime and their Pakistani sup- fear, he and porters were kicked upstairs, con- others believe. solidating Gen. Pervez Musharraf’s Isamic extrem- control over the armed forces in the Amerkul Kulmerzayov ists who want face of an expected wave of anti- A doctor to install a gov- American protests, the analysts said. Musharraf ernment based “This shows an increasingly as- Associated Press on Islam have sertive Musharraf who has now got WATCHING FOR TROUBLE: Pakistani paramilitary soldiers patrol the streets of Lahore. In the wake of bombings in the scene of the largest anti-Ameri- bombed build- everything pretty much under con- can demonstrations in recent days, Afghanistan, border posts were reinforced, and foreigners were warned to stay indoors. trol,” said Rifaat Hussain, chairman ings in the country. They’ve killed was also bracing for protests. men and women, soldiers” and po- of the department of defense and After the U.S. strikes began, there lice. In Afghanistan, about 125 miles strategic studies at Quaid-i-Azam were “emotional outbursts and small University in Islamabad. “He has so- to the south of Karshi, the Taliban protests,” and pro-Taliban groups lidified his position.” have threatened to attack Uzbek- were vowing to hold large demon- istan if U.S. forces use its territory Promoted: Lt. Gen. Mohammed strations on Monday, said Qaisar Ja- for air strikes. Anti-American sentiment Aziz Khan was moved from his posi- mali, the member of a prominent po- No less than the future of the en- tion as corps commander of Lahore litical family in Quetta. tire nation, a fledgling former Sovi- to a more ceremonial position as et republic, is at stake, contends An- chairman of the joint chiefs of staff. Some regret: The Pakistani gov- ernment expressed regret that its ef- var Chariyev, a former political offi- According to military experts, the cer who worked on the nearby air appointment of another officer, Gen. forts to avert a military confronta- runs strong in country tion between the United States and base that 1,000 U.S. troops now call Mohammed Yusuf, as vice chief of the Taliban had failed. their temporary home. army staff, was designed to neutral- “Terrorism is the No. 1 enemy of Muslim clerics continue the feeling of many Pakistanis and ize other conservative elements in “It remains our hope that the U.S. and “America is the main ter- Afghans in this conservative city that allied action remains clearly targeted our national independence . . . the the armed forces, the Washington disease of the 21st century,” call for a holy war. the U.S. war on terrorism also con- Post reported. and every care will be taken to minimize rorist in the world. If she stitutes a war against Islam. Chariyev said over tea, bread and The Pakistani leader was report- harm to the Afghan people who have al- “Muslims are being punished for nuts at his home. CHICAGO TRIBUNE wants to bring the govern- edly meeting with his Cabinet in an ready suffered the ravages of conflict for being Muslims,” said Gul Nawaz, a The threat to Uzbekistan is real, ISLAMABAD, Pakistan — Immedi- ment of her choice to emergency session after the U.S. and more than two decades,” a Foreign Min- 29-year-old student watching the istry spokesman said in Islamabad. says President Islam Karimov. He ately after the air raids on Afghanistan, broadcast. “Osama has raised the British strikes began. He was sched- says that his nation’s most danger- radical Islamic groups called for mas- Afghanistan, interfering in uled to have a nationally televised “We also hope that the operations standard. I want all the Muslims in will end soon and a concerted inter- ous extremist organization, the Is- sive anti-American protests through- the affairs of an independ- the world to support Osama.” news conference this morning. lamic Movement of Uzbekistan, is out Pakistan today and warned Amer- Radical Islamic groups have de- national effort will be undertaken to ent country, isn’t that ter- In Peshawar’s market area, groups promote national reconciliation and directly tied to fugitive Osama bin icans anywhere in the country and the of men out for the evening shared nounced Gen. Musharraf for pledging Laden’s Al-Qaida organization. help Afghanistan with economic re- world are no longer safe. rorism?” news of the attacks and gathered his “full support” of the U.S.-led “war Not only that, they are protected The threats came shortly after the construction.” Muhammed Zubair closely around two Western re- on terrorism” that culminated in Sun- by the Taliban, the president said in news of the missile attacks on Tal- day’s attacks on the Taliban regime, In a statement, the Taliban ambas- Peshawar shopkeeper and protestor porters to criticize the U.S. action and a recent speech. Islamic extremists, iban targets, stunning the nation its threat to the Taliban government. which has refused to surrender ac- sador to Pakistan denounced the U.S. Karimov said, “have made murder where people had hoped the crisis “America is the main terrorist in cused terrorist Osama bin Laden. attacks as a “terrorist act against the their profession, and are sharpening could be resolved without violence. “We appeal to all Muslims living any- the world,” said Muhammed Zubair, House arrest: In another pre- Afghan nation. Afghanistan is the their teeth and grinning” from Streets emptied here in Pakistan’s cap- where in the world to extend full sup- a 22-year-old shopkeeper. “If she emptive move, Pakistani authorities victim of American arrogance and across the Afghan border. ital, shutters were lowered, lights went port to their Afghan brothers in this wants to bring the government of put a radical Islamic politician under expansionism. It wants to snatch out and residents followed the broad- To lend credence to their threats, critical time.” her choice to Afghanistan, interfer- house arrest for 20 hours Sunday. from the Afghan Muslim people the Taliban leaders said they have dis- casts of an attack most Pakistanis fear The Afghan Defense Council in ing in the affairs of an independent present Islamic system.” could plunge their country into chaos. The politician, Maulana Fazal-ur patched about 10,000 soldiers to the Pakistan, also based in eastern La- country, isn’t that terrorism?” Rehman, has led anti-American Speaking to reporters later, Am- border with Uzbekistan, a claim that The worry: The nighttime attack hore, issued a call for holy war. The At a midnight protest rally at Pe- protests around the country in recent bassador Abdul Salam Zaeef said bin could not be immediately verified. accelerated concerns that militant council, some 30 religious groups, shawar University, a group of 700 days and has urged members of his Laden and the supreme Taliban The Taliban’s total troop strength is movements that advocate a Taliban- most of them with militant wings, students marched peacefully but Party of Islamic Clerics to wage a leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar, thought to be about 40,000. style Islamic state will promote mass supports the Taliban. called for jihad, and said they in- holy war against the United States. had survived the U.S. attacks. demonstrations and chaos in the No quick solution: Whatever But analysts said it is unclear tended to announce plans today to Several Pakistani clerics and polit- U.S. officials have described bin streets that could destabilize the mil- happens, grim-faced residents of whether the council can muster large react to the United States. ical leaders denounced U.S. and Laden as the prime suspect in the itary government that is pledged to a “Bush is a dog!” young men chant- Karshi predict the situation will be- numbers of protesters in defiance of British attacks late Sunday, calling Sept. 11 terrorist attacks in the Unit- come worse before it becomes better. secular state and has supported the a law banning mass demonstrations. ed as they punched their fists through ed States. The Taliban refused re- U.S.-led anti-terrorist campaign. them an attack against Islam and “I don’t know how this is going to Political leader: Munawar Has- the air. “Down with America!” grounds for holy war. peated U.S. demands to surrender Traditionally, Pakistan’s armed But the politics of Afghanistan are turn out,” said Otash Nomozova, a san, deputy chief of Jamaat-e-Islami, “It is the duty of every Muslim to bin Laden or face punishment. forces have been the country’s guar- complex, and support for the Taliban fruit trader whose teeth are coated Pakistan’s most powerful religious support their brothers in this critical Speculation grows: Across Pak- with gold. “If they attack us, it will be antee for social stability in a nation political party, called the strikes on and its radical interpretation of Is- where ethnic and religious rivalries lam is not universal. hour,” said Riaz Durana, leader of the istan, the U.S. strikes triggered a fresh very bad. There will be a lot of blood.” the Afghan capital, Kabul “an attack influential Afghan Defense Council flurry of speculation on the Taliban Amerkul Kulmerzayov, a country are ubiquitous. A rift within the army against Islam.” Alternative: An anti-Taliban alli- would plunge the country into chaos. based in Lahore, Pakistan. “We will sup- regime’s chances of surviving the doctor, said his nation has no choice He warned of “serious backlash” ance is fighting for control of the port the Taliban physically and moral- but to support the United States’ Inside homes, people held the ra- country from a small portion of the confrontation. within Pakistan’s military against ly against the aggression of America.” campaign to punish the Taliban and dio to their ears as Muslim clerics de- north and there are calls from some “I frankly don’t think the Taliban Gen. Pervez Musharraf. The general At a protest rally Saturday in the flush out bin Laden. nounced the U.S. and British attacks to bring back the exiled Afghan King will rule Afghanistan for too much came to power in a bloodless mili- northwestern city of Peshawar, he told and called for holy war. Mohammed Zahir Shah to lead a longer,” said Dr. Hussain, the Quaid- “America is not the only one tary coup in 1999 but has enraged the crowd that if U.S. planes landed in threatened by the Taliban. So is Officials placed Muslim cleric Muslim militants by backing the U.S. new government. i-Azam University professor. “If Mul- Fazal-ur-Rehman under house arrest At the grimy dining hall of an Pakistan, they would be destroyed. lah Omar gets killed, I think it’s more Uzbekistan,” he said. “That is why against the Taliban. Within minutes of the first reports the Americans are here. If they can Sunday as Pakistani security forces Sympathy for the Afghans is strong. Afghan hotel in Peshawar, groups of than likely that some of the local that U.S. cruise missiles and bombs get rid of the Taliban, not only our began cracking down on pro-Taliban Pakistan shares a border of more than men watched television and tried to commanders will revolt or even join sympathizers. 1,050 miles with Afghanistan, and an sort out their feelings. A few worried were falling on Afghanistan, Islamic the Northern Alliance.” country but other nations of the The residence of the gray-bearded estimated 3 million Afghans live in about friends and relatives in militants took to the streets of this Hundreds of thousands of Afghans world will be able to live in peace.” cleric was ringed by police hours af- Pakistan. Many Pakistanis fought Afghanistan. Several men said they devoutly Muslim country to call for a have fled Kabul and other cities in Not everyone agrees. ter he exhorted some 5,000 Muslim with the Afghans to rout a Soviet in- supported the return of the king. And holy war against the United States. fear of American attacks in recent “We don’t need American planes protesters shouting “Death to Amer- here,” said a bus driver who would vasion in the 1980s. one, Muhammed Din, 38, said he be- But the demonstrations were days, raising the specter of wide- ica,” that they must be ready for the identify himself only as Anvar. “We The majority of Pakistanis, how- lieved the attacks could pave the way small and scattered, and Pakistani spread starvation as winter ap- ultimate sacrifice in the holy war ever, have scant sympathy for the for the king’s comeback. authorities were bracing for a far have women, children. Look around — against America. proaches, U.N. officials and relief Peaceful civilians. We don’t need a war.” Taliban regime and the plan of their “It’s the only good that could come stronger reaction today. workers warn. About one-fourth of Pakistan’s government said it re- In Karachi, the southern port and bearded mullahs to export a brand from the attacks,” he said. “He’s a sym- Afghanistan’s 24 million people are Conditions: Some say the dire eco- gretted that diplomatic efforts did Pakistan’s largest city, crowds gath- of rigid Islam throughout the region. bol of unity and the only one to ce- dependent on foreign food aid. nomic conditions in parts of Uzbek- not succeed and called for the U.S. The streets in cities like Peshawar, ment the different factions together.” ered outside mosques where clerics istan have caused people to join ex- action to remain “clearly targeted.” a northwestern city near the Afghan Within minutes of the attacks, po- called for a holy war against “the Rejected: In the final hours before tremist organizations. Police maintain Being done: Along border areas border, were taken over by Taliban lice in Islamabad moved into strate- brutal forces of the United States,” the U.S. strike, Taliban leaders had a heavy presence in much of the near southern Quetta, military vehi- supporters. After the attack, knots of gic positions. But there were no said Sheikh Asim, a Karachi resident. offered to try bin Laden under Is- country and crack down harshly on cles crowded with Pakistani soldiers angry men gathered Sunday night, problems reported. Some city residents were stocking lamic law in Afghanistan. political dissidents, including Mus- headed toward the Afghan border on shouting “Osama! Osama!” and Only hours earlier, during a small up on food and other essentials in fear The Bush administration rejected lims who oppose the government. the road to Kandahar, apparently to “America is a terrorist.” anti-American demonstration, a of larger demonstrations and clashes the proposal and repeated demands Tulkin Koraev, a local journalist, reinforce border posts. Police told An equally strong emotional reac- young man had sidled up to one re- between protesters and police today. for the unconditional surrender of bin contends that the terrorist attacks foreigners in Quetta to stay indoors. tion came in a crowded late-night porter and whispered: “If brother Riot police stood guard late Sun- Laden and his lieutenants and closure in the United States only help the As expected, militant Muslims im- tearoom in Peshawar. The tearoom’s Muslims are killed in Afghanistan, I day in Islamabad’s Abbara bazaar, of training camps in Taliban territory. ruling Uzbek government stay in mediately condemned the attacks. television was tuned to CNN. will kill you — just like that.” the scene of anti-American demon- The United States had also reject- power, giving it justification to The Markazi Jamiat Ahl-e-Hadith When the broadcast cut to a taped Pakistan’s part: Meanwhile Rashid strations in recent days. ed a Taliban proposal on Saturday to clamp down on the opposition. Pakistan, a powerful group of radical speech from American target Osama Quereshi, a Pakistan government “We have anticipated a strong re- release eight foreign aid workers ac- Just last month, 60 women who movements in eastern Lahore, issued bin Laden, a visceral surge of energy spokesman, said Pakistan’s airspace action from a few groups, and we cused of preaching Christianity if the demanded better conditions for pris- a statement saying that Americans shot through the restaurant. A few was utilized by U.S. and British forces might see some demonstrations to- Bush administration would abort oners were hauled away by police. are now “in grave danger anywhere men saluted the screen. to launch attacks. Pakistan offered air day,” said Inspector Arshad Mah- plans for military strikes. “Some inmates are forced to stand in the world.” Their attitude: The show of re- space concessions and logistic sup- mood, standing with about 20 riot Baylor University graduates Day- in the sun for five hours. Or they have The organization’s president, schol- spect toward bin Laden, and defiance port to the anti-terrorism coalition. to lie on the asphalt as other inmates ar and religious leader Sazid Mir, said, policeman in the bazaar late Sunday. na Curry and Heather Mercer are against the United States, reflects the “We hope the operations will end The southwestern city of Quetta, among the accused. walk over them,” Koraev said. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001 TheVindicator Page A9

TARGETING TERRORISM | Local Reaction

ON THEIR MINDS Y OUNGSTOWN Quotable

Some of the more than 900 attending a patriotic concert at Youngstown Patriotism stars in area concert State University shared their thoughts on the U.S. decision to lead military strikes in Afghanistan just a few hours Many at the tribute after the action was announced Sun- day: event wore red, white and blue.

By CYNTHIA VINARSKY VINDICATOR BUSINESS WRITER YOUNGSTOWN — It was planned as a tribute to the victims of the terrorist attacks, but a Sunday evening concert at Youngstown State University took on new signif- icance with reports of U.S.-led mili- tary strikes in Afghanistan. More than 900 Mahoning Valley residents attended the perform- ance, “From the Valley to the Vic- tims — a Tribute to the Spirit of America.” The event at YSU’s Beeghly Center featured music by The Youngstown Connection, the Warren Junior Military Band and 180 volunteers from YSU’s March- ing Pride, its Symphonic Wind En- semble and Symphonic Band. The crowd gave standing ova- Bob and Barbara Queen tions. Many concertgoers dressed in red, white and blue, and they clapped and waved their flag- “I think God is in con- backed programs unabashedly. trol, and hopefully the Concerns: But developments abroad were on their minds. President is commu- Some, like Marge Sobnosky of Youngstown, worried about how nicating with him the escalating conflict might affect friends and family members. regularly.” “I’m rather upset about what’s Bob Queen happening,” she said as she arrived at Beeghly Center with her hus- Boardman band, Bob. “I have confidence in the president, but it worries me be- cause we have a lot of relatives that “A lot of people are are that age, in their 20s, that might have to go to war.” going to get hurt, Bob Monrean of Liberty Town- ship, his 3-year-old daughter Anas- probably on both tasia in tow, dressed for the event in a patriotic T-shirt and a ball cap sides. But I’m behind decorated in stars and stripes. He the president, ab- said he supports the decision to strike, even though he abhors vio- The Vindicator/Lindsay Semple solutely.” lence. SALUTE: Jason Rosendary, a Wilson High School senior, makes a salute to the crowd while performing with the Youngstown Connection. The patriotic concert was “For our young ones’ sake, I think Sunday evening at Beeghly Center. Bob Sobnosky we have to do something,” he said, Youngstown. holding tightly to his daughter’s March 4, 1865, during the Civil 20s or younger, and they’re seeing hand. “I have confidence in the president, but it worries me be- War: “With malice toward none; this with different eyes,” Lepore- Veterans: The heightened patri- with charity for all; with firmness Hagan said. “We don’t otism was an encouragement to cause we have a lot of relatives that are that age, in their in the right, as God gives us to see “They’re young. They’ve never Scott Linebaugh of Boardman, a U.S. preach 20s, that might have to go to war.” the right, let us strive on to finish experienced anything like what’s Army veteran of the Desert Storm the work we are in.” conflict. “I love seeing the flags Marge Sobnosky been happening in their world over violence YSU President Dr. David Sweet, the past few weeks,” she said. again. I love seeing everybody Youngstown also a speaker, said two YSU alumni pulling together, realizing what it’s “Somehow the concert gave them a any- were killed in the terrorist attacks, chance to make sense of all these all about,” he said. and several students and staff have want to die? No. Are they willing minimizing casualties. horrible events. This is their way of where in Linebaugh said the events of the been called up to serve in the mili- day inspired his own pride in the to? Yes. They’re brave.” Addressing the crowd Speeches: tary in recent weeks. understanding what patriotism is.” military, along with an understand- Another military veteran, Orlan- during the one-hour performance, this “We’ve gone from horror and Sponsored jointly by YSU, News ing of how those called to fight do Iacobucci of Austintown, said he George McCloud, dean of YSU’s Col- Channel 33 and Clear Channel Ra- country, but we’ve got must be feeling now. had been expecting the U.S. to initi- lege of Fine and Performing Arts, sorrow to anger and resolve,” ate some military action against Sweet said. dio, the concert was to be broad- “The military are no different made one of the few references to cast live on Channel 33, but station to protect ourselves.” than you or I. They’re not brain- the Taliban strongholds in the escalating conflict. Remarking Musicians’ experience: Michele Afghanistan. He’d predicted the Lepore-Hagan, director of YSU’s officials said they decided to tape it Bob Monrean washed. They have families. No one that the terrorist attacks have left a wants to die,” he said. hits would come this week or next. deep scar on the nation, he added, Performing Arts Series, said the for broadcast at another time be- Liberty Township “But at the same time, they real- Iacobucci, who served in the U.S. “and now, on Oct. 7, the next stage tribute concert was put together in cause of news developments in ize that they took an oath to pro- Army in the mid-1950s, said he’s of this historic time is upon us.” a little more than a week and Afghanistan on Sunday. A broadcast tect the Constitution against all en- confident America’s technological Instead of giving his own advice, proved to be a moving experience date has not been determined. “It’s not emies, foreign and domestic. advancements will give its military he quoted from Abraham Lincoln’s for the young musicians. Quality Printing Co. and The De- the ability to win the conflict while easy to They’re willing to do that. Do they second inaugural address, given “All the performers are in their Bartolo Corp. were also sponsors. make a decision that could cost thousands and tens of thousands of lives, but I support the president 100 per- cent.” Scott Linebaugh Boardman

“I think the good thing about it is that this makes you think what a great country this is. I think it makes everybody ap-

preciate what we The Vindicator/Lindsay Semple MUSICAL TRIBUTE: Matt Alexander, a senior at Chaney High School, performs have.” The Vindicator/Lindsay Semple with the Youngstown Connection during the concert. Rita Orlando VOICING CONCERNS: Marge and Bob Sobnosky back President Bush’s decisions in the fight against terrorism but fear a high Austintown death toll from the conflict. They voiced their opinions Sunday at the concert.

OHIO Action to blast out terrorists doesn’t surprise state residents Most Ohioans welcomed news At the AMVETS Post No. 41 in do not have the will to fight them. his lapel, Damra spoke after leading jective is not just the elimination of “The message that everyone says Cheviot, a suburb on Cincinnati’s “We are a peaceful people, but we afternoon prayers at the center’s Bin Laden and his cohorts. is that we’re all in this together. We of the attacks. west side, a half-dozen veterans had have been wounded,” said Borgard- mosque in Parma. He invited the “This will be a lengthy effort want to see this done as well as it can gathered at the bar to sip beer and ing, who served with the Marines in dozen or so worshippers to return against terrorist organizations wher- be done with the harm to the fewest ASSOCIATED PRESS watch the Bengals-Steelers game. Korea. “But we have passed the time for special evening prayers to ask ever they’re found in the world, I be- number of innocents. We’ve already The announcement of the attacks of being nice.” protection for innocent citizens of lieve it’s appropriate and it’s right lost 7,000 innocents.” Kathy Thompson of Columbus was and President Bush’s address to the The head of Ohio’s largest mosque Afghanistan. that we act to help the Afghan peo- U.S. Rep. Ralph Regula said that working at her home office Sunday country started just minutes before said he has “no doubt” Sunday’s at- “We support our president like all ple and support the president’s com- terrorism is the overriding issue at a when a friend called to tell her to the game. tacks will divide the Muslim world, Americans,” Damra said. “All reli- mitment to help millions of refugees NATO parliamentarian conference he turn on the television. “I think what was done today was but that they also will divert nega- gious leaders know the Taliban are through this very difficult time.” is attending this weekend in Ottawa, Thompson says she wasn’t sur- exactly right,” said Dutch Bennett, tive attention from blameless Amer- not representative of Islam.” Rep. Tom Sawyer, a Democrat from Canada. prised to find out U.S. forces had at- 56, who served two tours of duty icans. What lawmakers said: Members Akron, said the U.S. attacks represent The Navarre Republican said that tacked Afghanistan, she just was sur- with the Air Force in Vietnam. Cleveland Muslims: “It will shift of Ohio’s congressional delegation “a day that had to come. representatives from 40 countries prised by the timing. “It needed to be done. These peo- blame away from us Arab-Ameri- expressed support for the military “If the Taliban wasn’t going to re- there expressed strong support for “I expected it but I didn’t expect it ple had to pay the price for what they cans,” said Imam Fawaz Damra, head strikes but warned that Sunday was spond to the requests made of them, the U.S. position. on a Sunday,” she said. did.” of the Islamic Center of Cleveland. the first day of what is likely to be a this was going to happen eventually. “The president deserves credit,” Many Ohioans said Sunday that Former Marine: Jay Borgarding, “It’s not us. Arab-Americans and long battle. This is the first day of what is going Regula said. “He didn’t just plunge the attacks on Afghanistan were not 67, of Westwood, said he thought Muslim-Americans are not to be “This will be a long, protracted to be a very long struggle.” into it; this is a very orderly program. a question of if, but a question of Taliban leaders and Osama bin Laden blamed for these [Sept. 11] attacks.” struggle,” said Sen. Mike DeWine, R- Sawyer met with Sikhs after meet- ... The decision to include a food drop when. are mistaken if they think Americans Wearing an American flag pin on Ohio. “We must understand our ob- ing with U.S. reservists Sunday. as part of this is a good stroke.” Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

Page A10 TheVindicator MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001

TARGETING TERRORISM | National Reaction

NEW YORK SALUTE THE NATION Military News brings action pleases both cheers many and worries A couple living in Manhattan Most Americans were glad to “They wanted to play the game, admits being nervous about and now the score is tied,” Scriven see payback for the terrorist said. “It’s good. We should do it what’s ahead. again.” attacks of Sept. 11. In Atlanta, Vietnam veteran KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS William McGill said the United States By DAVID CRARY “should have gone in a long time ago NEW YORK — Held behind the bar- AP NATIONAL WRITER and taken care of business.” ricades at Chambers and West Broad- Cheers of “USA! USA!” echoed “Even at my age I am willing to way, Mike Casenta squinted at the go,” said McGill, 55. “I believe in my hole in the skyline where the twin through football stadiums at news that U.S. forces had launched strikes liberty and my freedom. If they need towers had stood. me, I’m there for them.” A crowd gathered by midafternoon in Afghanistan. — a mix of tourists aiming disposable In Denver, a woman who fled as a The news saddened Lan To, 25, of cameras and onlookers who had child from Vietnam ruefully wished Estes Park, Colo., a schoolteacher heard the news of the U.S. strikes on that war could be avoided. whose family fled from Vietnam Afghanistan and felt drawn to the Across the nation, widespread when she was 2. World Trade Center’s ground zero. support for the counterattack against “We’re in this country because we For Casenta, the trek from his home terrorism was coupled with wide- were leaving a war,” she said. “I nev- in Harrington Park, N.J., to the streets ranging worries. er think war is the right thing to do. of Manhattan was cathartic. The president of the Mormon I never think violence is the right He came to see the spot where his church choked with emotion as he thing to do, but unfortunately there’s friend died nearly four weeks earlier reported the U.S. strikes to a confer- not enough people in the world who when two hijacked planes crashed ence of the faithful in Salt Lake City. think that.” In Nashville, Ind., Charles King lis- into the towers and brought them “Occasions of this kind pull us up tened to news updates as he parked crumbling to the ground. sharply to the realization that life is cars on a lot that he runs. “I’m not a violent person; I’m not a fragile, that peace is fragile, that civ- “We knew this was going to hap- prejudiced person,” said Casenta, 50, ilization is fragile,” said Gordon B. who stood with his wife and brother pen,” said King, 54. “I don’t want to Hinckley. at the street corner. “But I want to see live the rest of my life in fear, so we At a peace rally in Philadelphia — when they bomb the hell out of have to wipe them [terrorists] out.” that coincidentally began just as the Osama bin Laden.” On duty in downtown Phoenix, attacks were announced — student It was a sentiment that reverberat- police officer Greg Carnicle said Janice Williams wept. ed along the streets of a recovering America had to take a stand. Manhattan on Sunday, as the chill of “Why are we fighting hate with “This is a wake-up call,” he said. fall swept into the city and life con- hate?” she asked. “There’s just going “We as Americans have felt that we tinued to return to normal. to be more innocent people slaugh- are invincible, but we are vulnerable In the park: In Washington Square tered, both here and in the Middle like everyone else.” East.” Park, where couples danced to a Concerns: Nora Murray, 30, got swing band set up outside, the scene ‘Payback’: At the ruins of the the news while on the way to an seemed like a throwback to the days Associated Press World Trade Center in New York City, opera matinee in Chicago. She wor- before Sept. 11. HEROES HONORED: Capt. Jerry Shoupe of the Charlotte, N.C., Fire Department salutes as firefighters raise a 30-by-50-foot the reaction was very different. ried about terrorist retaliation. “It’s big-time payback,” said But it was different: American flags flag during ceremonies before the UAW-GM Quality 500 race at Lowe’s Motor Speedway in Concord, N.C. Nearly 4,000 “There’s more to come,” she said. wallpapered the square, taped to Charles Rios, 38, a worker helping firefighters participated Sunday in the ceremony to honor those killed in the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks. “Fighting Afghanistan is going to be trees, waving from the grand arch and with the cleanup. “I’m so happy very difficult.” sticking out of Jill Cerino’s backpack. now.” Retaliation seemed less a threat to Cerino, 36, had spent the day shop- Tens of thousands of Americans Rich Clayton of West Deptford, N.J., ping for American flag T-shirts at Old C ONGRESS heard the news while packed into Navy and had wandered through the who was playing football outside a stadiums for National Football school. “They’ve got the country so park with her husband, stopping to League games and the close of base- watch a group of street performers. secure now, I don’t think anything is ball’s regular season. going to happen,” he said. The couple had not heard the news The start of the Philadelphia Ea- of the U.S. strikes, but said they were Lisa Deshazo, a volunteer at the Both parties’ legislators gles’ NFL game against Arizona at Bayfest music festival in Mobile, Ala., not surprised, given President Bush’s Veterans Stadium was delayed nine warnings during the weekend that had been expecting U.S. action. minutes as President Bush’s an- “I’m concerned about a long war,” time was running out for Afghanistan nouncement of the strikes was to turn in bin Laden. she said. “I have a 16-year-old son shown on the big screen. The crowd “We’ve been waiting for this,” Ceri- and if there’s a long war, he could be no said. “The Taliban has had ample give support to strikes of more than 64,000 cheered when drafted.” warning. These are legitimate ene- they saw images of military action. At the Mormon general confer- At Miller Park in Milwaukee, base- mies and we don’t have any choice.” Counterterrorism and airline- calls Saturday evening. Other law- Reid said the Senate will begin de- ence, Hinckley was handed a note makers learned of the attack as it oc- bating airline security legislation ball fans didn’t see Bush on the about the U.S. strikes, then addressed Nervous time: Still, Cerino said, it scoreboard, but subdued players will be unnerving to live in Manhattan curred Sunday. Tuesday and a counterterrorism the crowd. security bills are on the legisla- watched on clubhouse televisions. after the strikes against Afghanistan. “The administration has properly measure after that. “We are plunged into the state of Despite an overwhelming police pres- tive agenda. made it clear that today’s action and “Everything we’ve done the past “We all knew it was going to hap- war — the first war of the 21st cen- ence in the city, it’s always a possibil- any future action are directed against month has been based on the events pen,” said Milwaukee Brewers pitch- tury,” Hinckley said. “This is not a ity that terrorists could strike again, CHICAGO TRIBUNE those who perpetrated the heinous of Sept. 11,” Reid said. er Mike De Jean. “Baseball has been matter of Christian against Muslim. ... attacks on the United States on Sep- secondary since Sept. 11. I think we Do not become a party in any way in she said. WASHINGTON — Speaker of the Bipartisanship: In recent days, De- “We’re terrified. We try to play out tember 11th, not against Islam or the mocrats and Republicans have begun all want to get home and be with our the persecution of the innocent.” House Dennis Hastert had just fin- people of Afghanistan,” the four top families in times like this.” all the scenarios in our head — they ished speaking Saturday at a Wheaton airing their disagreements more Residents of the nation’s largest won’t hit again here because they did leaders of the House and Senate said Other views: The news soon College memorial service for Todd openly and slowing the legislative Afghan community, in Fremont, before, or they’ll come back because in a joint statement. spread into the stands. Beamer when he was pulled away to process. Now that the nation has be- Calif., were both pleased and anx- ...” Cerino said, her voice trailing off. “We stand united with the presi- gun military action, Reid said, “I “It’s about time,” said Dan ious. Bin Laden is widely loathed The Cerinos, who live in Manhat- take a call from President Bush. dent and with our troops, and will The president was calling to alert would hope this would create a little Scheuerer of Beaver Dam, Wis. “I there, but many Afghan immigrants tan, said they planned to head home continue to work together to do what more bipartisanship.” hope we get [Osama] bin Laden. I fear relatives in their homeland may quickly to watch updates of the air Hastert, an Illinois Republican, of the is necessary to bring justice to these impending military action against Both Illinois senators said they sup- also hope we can minimize the dam- suffer. strikes on television. terrorists and those who harbor ported Bush’s decision to use force. age to innocent people.” “The good thing is I am happy they Meanwhile, back near ground zero, Afghanistan. The speaker said it was them,” the statement concluded. fitting to get the news of the strikes “I think it’s the right action,” said Tom Scriven was at a mall in Prov- started,” said Homayoun Khamosh, crews repairing phone lines for Veri- Most members of Congress had re- Sen. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., citing the im- idence, R.I., not at a stadium, but he owner of the Pamir Food Mart. “And zon stood frozen next to their truck, just as he was honoring a man who turned to their districts for the Colum- had defended the nation. portance of stripping away the Tal- used a sports metaphor in referring the bad thing is I don’t want civilians listening intently to an update on the bus Day weekend, and many learned iban’s air defenses to get American to America’s adversaries. dead for nothing.” warfare. Beamer, who like Hastert was an of Bush’s decision to begin using mili- alumnus of Wheaton College, was an aircraft into the area to go after Osama tary force from televised reports. bin Laden and to provide humanitar- From ground zero: Robert account manager at Oracle Corp. from Staying on track: Hastert, citing ian assistance to the people of Fighera, a Verizon lineman, has been Cranbury, N.J. He was thought to have working seven days a week, 14 hours the need to quickly pass appropria- Afghanistan. helped stop terrorists from flying a tions bills, said the military strikes Sen. Peter Fitzgerald, R-Ill., said he a day at ground zero. Sunday was the fourth airliner into a heavily populat- first day he ventured outside the bar- would not change the House’s leg- has faith in Defense Secretary Donald ed target Sept. 11. Beamer, 32, was a ricades, to the corner of West Broad- islative plans. Rumsfeld and Secretary of State Col- way and Thomas where people passenger on United Airlines Flight “We’re pretty resolute,” he said. in Powell. moved freely and dust masks were no 93, the plane that crashed in rural “We gave the president the power to “I do think the American people can longer necessary. Pennsylvania. do this three weeks ago, and we ex- at least be confident that we are “I feel left out now,” said Fighera, “Through what Todd Beamer and pected him to use it.” bringing together the best minds to looking over his shoulder at a crane others did on this plane, they may have Lott, R-Miss., knew that the opera- lead this charge,” Fitzgerald said. “Just looming over the rubble, silhouetted saved a lot of lives,” Hastert said i Sun- tion was under way when he ap- as Congress is fully behind the presi- against the blue sky. “You get so used day. “That target could have been the peared on Fox News Sunday, coyly dent, the American people are too be- to being in there. But hearing what this Capitol; it could have been the White predicting impending action. hind the president and will see this country’s doing, it makes it feel right.” House. We don’t know.” “The president has made it very through to the end.” Fighera flung open the doors of the Congressional leaders expressed clear. This is what I expect, this is Meanwhile, lawmakers from across Verizon truck, cranking up the volume strong bipartisan support Sunday for what is going to happen, and time is the country issued words of support on the news report so that people Bush’s military action and in inter- running out,” Lott said. “This is going for the president and the members of passing by stopped and listened for a views pledged to stick with their leg- to be a series of steps. But I don’t think the military. few minutes. Many nodded with islative agenda, including fighting ter- it’s going to be long. When a presi- House Majority Whip Tom DeLay, agreement at the newscast. Others rorism. dent of the United States says time is a conservative Republican from Texas, just pulled on cigarettes and looked Calling around: The president had running out, you better listen to him.” said he has the “highest confidence” glumly south at where the city’s land- informed Senate Majority Leader Tom Sen. Harry Reid, D-Nev., the assis- in Bush, Rumsfeld and the men and scape had been drastically altered. Daschle, Senate Republican Leader tant majority leader responsible for women of the armed forces. Associated Press “I feel safe here now,” Fighera said. Trent Lott, House Democratic Leader scheduling legislation, said Sunday “Our resolve to defeat the cancer of GETTING THE NEWS: Patrons at a restaurant in Tampa, Fla., react to a television ‘It’s been a long haul, but I feel 100 Richard Gephardt and Hastert of the the Senate would stick to its legisla- international terrorism is fixed and broadcast announcing that the United States and Britain launched a military at- percent safe.” impending action in separate phone tive plans. unshakable,” DeLay said. tack in Afghanistan.

ARMY BASE W ALL STREET Analysts expect brief rally, then a drop The likelihood of a retaliatory British forces unleashed missile at- uncertainty over what that means 272.21, or 3.1 percent. The blue chips tacks Sunday against military targets for the health of the economy and have now recovered 884 points, or strike by terrorists worries and Osama bin Laden’s training the market. nearly 65 percent, of the 1,369 lost camps inside Afghanistan, opening a That spells losses for the stock in the first week of trading after last investors. new front in the war against terror- market, analysts said. month’s attacks. ists blamed for the attacks that mur- “People are going to start thinking, The Nasdaq composite index, NEW YORK (AP) — dered thousands in New York and ‘What is going to happen next? Will Stock prices are ex- which lost 272 points in the first Washington. it be bioterrorism?’,” Dickson said. week of trading after the attacks, pected to come un- “I wouldn’t be surprised to see [the The political uncertainty com- rose 106.50, or 7.1 percent. The tech- der pressure today, market] go up initially, but that prob- bined with last week’s rally on Wall focused index has posted gains for jeopardizing last ably won’t last. I have heard worries Street build a strong case that stocks week’s healthy gains, that there is a 100 percent chance of the previous four trading session, a will fall today, analysts said. kind of winning streak not seen since as traders await the another terrorist attack if we attack “We are probably in good shape June 26-29. market’s response to military attacks Afghanistan,” said Richard A. Dick- for a decline anyway,” Dickson said. on the Taliban in Afghanistan. son, a technical analyst for Hilliard The market has been alternating The market’s advance was due in There’s a chance stocks could Lyons in Louisville, Ky. “The market between spurts of buying and sell- part to positive outlooks from the briefly rally, a sort of patriotic nod will not respond well to that.” ing stocks since the Sept. 11 terrorist Federal Reserve’s ninth interest rate from Wall Street, analysts said. Here’s the problem: Although attacks that leveled the World Trade cut this year, a push by President Associated Press But chances are the buying will Americans had been expecting the Center and damaged the Pentagon. Bush for an economic stimulus pack- MORE SECURITY: U.S. Military Police patrol near the gates of a U.S. army base in fizzle as investors worry whether the United States to launch strikes Last week, Wall Street was feeling age worth $60 billion and positive San Juan, Puerto Rico. Security on the base has been at a heightened level since United States will suffer more ter- against Afghanistan as it did Sunday, optimistic enough to give buying a outlooks from Dell Computer and Sept. 11. rorist attacks after American and Wall Street will remain mired in its turn, sending the Dow industrials up Cisco Systems. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001 TheVindicator Page A11

TARGETING TERRORISM | W orld Reaction

W ORLD Attack raises ire in some Arab, Muslim states Assorted religious and political of terrorism. knots of angry men gathered, shout- widespread among ordinary citizens. military action “an act of aggression.” pecially the Muslim nations, and will Denunciations: In Pakistan, sev- ing “Osama! Osama!” and “America Kamal Ahmed, a Cairo cabdriver, “We do not think that any of those damage the innocent and oppressed leaders described the airstrikes eral influential clerics swiftly de- is a terrorist.” Some held crackling said Arab countries should support who are true believers in God can Afghans.” Assefi, quoted by the Iran- as an attack on Islam. nounced the military strikes, calling radios to their ears and called out Afghanistan because it’s an Islamic but condemn this action, not only ian news agency, IRNA, cautioned the them an attack against Islam. news updates. country. “They should back it finan- because it is from America or be- United States to avoid Iranian air The influential Afghan Defense “It is terrorism against terrorism, cially and militarily,” he said. cause it is against Muslim people and By MARIAM FAM space. Council, which is sympathetic to the and that will solve nothing,” said Since the terrorist attacks on a Muslim country, but because it is ASSOCIATED PRESS WRITER “It’s a shame that superpowers like Taliban and based in the Pakistani Amin Shinwari. Washington and New York, many an act of aggression that runs con- Britain and the United States ally to- Arabs and Muslims have rejected U.S. trary to international law,” Saddam CAIRO, Egypt — Moderate Arab city of Lahore, issued a call for holy Support: Pakistan’s government, gether against a small country” like allegations that bin Laden was be- was quoted as saying. countries were slow to comment on war. which has thrown its support behind Afghanistan, said Maamoun el- the U.S. and British strikes on “It is the duty of every Muslim to hind the carnage. Iraqi TV had earlier taken the un- the U.S.-led coalition against terror- “America should show us proof usual step of linking up with the Hodeibi, a leader of the Muslim Afghanistan, but in the streets across support their brothers in this critical ism, said it regretted that diplomat- Brotherhood, Egypt’s biggest and the Muslim world, many denounced hour,” said Riaz Durana, the council’s against bin Laden before hitting popular Arabic satellite station Al- ic efforts did not succeed and called banned Islamic opposition group. it as a war against Arabs and Mus- central leader. “We will support the Afghanistan,” said Rola al-Bosh, a 39- Jazeera to show live coverage of the for the U.S. action to remain “clearly Hany Ishak, who works at a Cairo lims. Taliban physically and morally year-old Syrian who watched the strikes on the Afghan capital. The targeted.” Moustafa Abdel Salam, a 28-year- against the aggression of America.” strikes on Arab TV along with other link-up was abruptly ended when juice shop, said the U.S. strikes would old Cairo accountant, said, “America Munawar Hassan, deputy chief of Many moderate Arab countries patrons at the Havana Cafe in Dam- video of President Bush appeared on increase already high tensions in the is now fighting terrorism, when it is Jamaat-e-Islami, Pakistan’s most have expressed limited support for ascus. “And even if bin Laden is the station. region. Ishak noted that his business the one that has created terrorism powerful religious political party, an anti-terrorism campaign but have guilty, it’s not fair that a whole peo- Other views: In Iran, Foreign Min- has already been affected by the de- from the beginning.” called the strikes on the Afghan cap- offered no troops. ple are being punished for the mis- istry spokesman Hamid-Reza Assefi crease in tourists after the Sept. 11 He said he was worried the United ital, Kabul, “an attack against Islam.” The public: In the hours after the take of one man.” called the attacks “unacceptable,” attacks. “Now no one will travel any- States would use the attacks to false- In downtown Peshawar, a Pak- U.S. assault, many remained silent, Saddam: Iraqi TV quoted Presi- saying they were launched “regard- where or even leave their houses,” ly accuse Arab and Islamic countries istani city near the Afghan border, but anger over the U.S. move was dent Saddam Hussein as calling the less of the world public opinion, es- he said.

R OME PROTEST IN PAKISTAN W ORLD REACTION Safety Europe backs of people concerns attacks aimed ex-king at terrorism Former Afghan King Moham- mad Zaher Shah issued a Small anti-war demonstra- statement hours after the tions were seen in some cities. attacks began. ASSOCIATED PRESS European govern- ASSOCIATED PRESS ments gave swift ROME — Afghanistan’s former king and solid backing said Sunday he recognized the “le- to the U.S.-British attacks on Osama gitimate right” of the United States Schroeder Chretien to pursue those responsible for the bin Laden and his Sept. 11 terrorist attacks but urged backers Sunday, mentioned the need to spare civilian that innocents be spared in the U.S. with France say- lives and get humanitarian aid to strikes on his homeland. ing its forces Afghanistan, the overall stress was In a statement issued by his office, would also take on supporting Sunday’s attack. former King Mohammad Zaher Shah, Chirac part. Romano Prodi, president of the 15- who has been working to select a Iran and Iraq nation European Commission, said new government for Afghanistan, protested the ac- Associated Press “all Europe stands steadfast with the said his paramount objective was the tion in Afghanistan. On the streets RALLY: A young boy holds a toy gun during an anti-U.S. rally in Karachi, Pakistan. The rally was Sunday, and the boy’s head- United States and its coalition allies safety and dignity of Afghans and the across the Islamic world, many de- to pursue the fight against terrorism” integrity of the country. band proclaims “God is great.” nounced the attack as an act of war and “against those who attack the “Unfortunately the unpatriotic po- against Arabs and Muslims. very foundations of civilization.” sition of the Taliban and their spon- Baghdad called the missile attack Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon sors has again inflicted pain, sorrow CALIFORNIA and air raids “treacherous aggres- Peres said on CNN: “We feel part and and destruction on the people of sion;” Israel supported them as “the parcel of this campaign, and if we are Afghanistan,” the statement said. right and courageous decision.” asked [to help], everything will be The statement was issued hours In an address to the nation, Presi- considered seriously and positively.” after the United States and Britain dent Bush said Canada, Australia, Afghans in U.S. feel joy, worry Germany and France have “pledged Opposition: Iran’s Foreign Min- launched a missile attack targeting istry said the “vast U.S. attacks” were Osama bin Laden and his Taliban forces as the operation unfolds,” and said Homayoun Khamosh, owner of number as high as 180,000. Fremont is “unacceptable,” the Iranian news backers. Many Afghans who left their numerous other countries have the Pamir Food Mart. “The good thing thought to have the largest Afghan agency IRNA reported. Iraqi TV gave The strikes came after the Taliban granted air transit or landing rights. is, I am happy they have started. And community, with others concentrat- minute-by-minute coverage of the refused to hand over bin Laden to native country staunchly Still more nations are providing in- the bad thing is, I don’t want civilians ed in Southern California and the New telligence, he said. “treacherous aggression.” U.S. authorities, who have named oppose the Taliban. dead for nothing.” York and Washington, D.C., areas. Other Arab capitals didn’t imme- What Chirac said: Bush tele- him as the prime suspect in the Many Afghans in Fremont support In Canoga Park near Los Angeles, diately comment, but in the streets phoned several European leaders worst terrorist attacks in history. FREMONT, Calif. (AP) — Residents of Mohammad Zaher Shah, the 86-year- Aboul Khalili, president of the Afghan across the Muslim world, many de- Statement: “Although we recog- the nation’s largest Afghan communi- old former Afghan king seen as a pos- Relief Organization, said the Taliban’s just before the attacks began, in- nounced the attack as an act of war nize the United States’ legitimate ty reacted to Sunday’s missile attacks sible figurehead for a postwar Afghan draconian rules caused the mass exo- cluding French President Jacques against Arabs and Muslims, and said right to pursue and seek justice on their homeland by American and government. dus there. “I love democracy. I love Chirac. the United States had failed to prove against those who perpetrated the British forces with a mixture of joy and Khamosh said he thought the at- freedom of speech. I love freedom of Later, in a televised address to the Osama bin Laden’s role in the Sept. criminal acts of Sept. 11, our para- apprehension. tacks should have started several movement,” he said. “They are against French people, 11 terror attacks on mount objective is the safety, in- Osama bin Laden — the top suspect weeks ago, and that their ultimate goal that, against freedom for women. Chirac said: “Our New York and tegrity and dignity of the Afghan na- in the Sept. 11 terror attacks — is hat- should be the return of the exiled That’s why 6 million Afghans are out- forces will partici- Washington. tion and the Afghan territory,” the ed here, but many Afghan immigrants monarch, who now lives in Rome. side of the country.” pate. At this stage Moustafa Abdel French vessels are statement said. fear relatives in their homeland will Taliban: The rigorously Islamic Tal- Many Afghans in the San Francisco Salam, a 28-year-old “We urge the United States and its suffer during the conflict to come. iban movement, which declared itself Bay area are also staunchly against associated with this There is no Cairo accountant, allies to respect the territorial in- News of the bombings circulated Afghanistan’s Taliban government. operation.” “ the legitimate government in 1996, said “America is tegrity of Afghanistan and the safety quickly in “Little Kabul,” a strip of now controls roughly 95 percent of The first immigrants here were part of Until now France alternative to this now fighting terror- and the life of our innocent people.” shops that is the commercial and cul- Afghanistan. Opposing factions known the government ousted during the So- had offered air- ism, when it is the “Furthermore, the Afghan nation tural heart of Fremont’s Afghan com- as the northern alliance are fighting viet invasion of 1979, and as former space and naval lo- struggle, which one that has created must be given the right and the op- munity. The area is named after the Taliban forces in the north. diplomats and intellectuals, they con- gistical support. “In terrorism from the portunity to determine its political Afghan capital, which was the first tar- The U.S. Census Bureau estimates sider the Taliban’s strict interpretation recent days,” Chirac we must win beginning.” future according to its free will,” the get of Sunday’s bombings. there are 41,000 Afghans in the coun- of Islamic law a perversion of their re- said, “the United and will win. Rola al-Bosh, a statement concluded. “My reactions are good and bad,” try, while some academics put the ligion. States made new 39-year-old woman demands for mili- watching the news tary participation.” on TV in a Damas- Canadian Prime Gerhard Schroeder BEIRUT, LEBANON German chancellor cus cafe, said she Minister Jean Chre- wanted to see proof tien confirmed that against bin Laden. his country would “And even if bin meet Bush’s request Laden is guilty, it’s Attacks raise tensions in Middle East for a military con- not fair that a whole tribution. people are being In a message to the nation, he said blamed the United States for creating against launching any retaliatory ”punished for the mistake of one It was unclear how the strikes military units were being told to re- the very problem it is now attacking, strike. man.” “The United States is re- port for duty. referring to the CIA training provided In a videotaped statement Sunday, In Pakistan, the only country with would affect Wednesday’s Italian Prime Minister Silvio sponsible. They think that to the Afghan mujahedeen guerrillas bin Laden made reference to violence diplomatic ties to Afghanistan’s Tal- Berlusconi put his country on height- meeting of Islamic countries. during the 1979-89 Soviet occupation in Lebanon, the Palestinian-Israeli iban leadership, influential Muslims by bombing Afghanistan ened alert and promised that “Italy is of Afghanistan. conflict, and “winds of change” com- denounced the attacks as unwar- by the side of the United States and DALLAS MORNING NEWS they can solve the problem “Who created them? Who financed ing to the Arabian Peninsula, which is ranted and grounds for Islamic holy all who are committed to the battle they created.” them?” Aridi said of the Al-Qaida dominated by Saudi Arabia. But it was war. BEIRUT, Lebanon — Sunday’s U.S. network led by exiled Saudi million- against terrorism.” and British missile attacks against Ghazi Aridi not clear whether any of his remarks “Americans have used their might aire Osama bin Laden. referred directly to weekend events Italy has offered troops, as well as to kill innocent people in Afghanistan prompted harsh criticism Lebanon information minister “The United States is responsible. in those areas. use of its ports and airports. Afghanistan instead of targeting from Iran and Lebanon while bring- They think that, by bombing German Chancellor Gerhard ing yet another element of tension to Warning: The U.S. government al- training camps about which they Afghanistan, they can solve the prob- Schroeder promised Bush his coun- were talking and making a hue and the already volatile Middle East. The meeting of foreign ministers of lem they created.” ready has issued warnings that Amer- try’s “unlimited solidarity.” Most governments in the region the 57-member Organization of the ican citizens abroad should exercise cry,” said Amar Mehdi, spokesman Aridi also criticized American si- “There is no alternative to this for the militant Muslim group withheld immediate comment on Islamic Conference was called specif- lence regarding Israeli attacks in extreme caution throughout the Mid- struggle, which we must win and Sunday’s missile attacks, which polit- ically to debate a unified stance to- dle East. The bomb attack in Saudi Harakat ul-Mujahedeen. southern Lebanon, the West Bank and will win,” Schroeder told reporters. He condemned the strikes on the ical analysts said were likely to pro- ward any international response to Gaza. Arabia prompted the U.S. Embassy in voke widespread popular opposition Riyadh to urge Americans on Sunday Other voices: The Netherlands, capital, Kabul, as “a brutal attack on the Sept. 11 attacks. Fighting: In southern Lebanon on Greece, Spain and the Scandinavian in coming days. Many Arab analysts had expected “to review their own personal secu- innocent people.” Sunday’s attacks followed a bomb Sunday, Israeli tanks stationed in the rity practices, to be attentive to their countries added their voices to what About 100 people demonstrated the United States to await the results disputed town of Shebaa Farms re- explosion in eastern Saudi Arabia that surroundings and to exercise caution.” appeared to be a near-unanimous outside British Prime Minister Tony of the summit before launching an at- portedly fired 20 rounds across the expression of support that spanned killed a U.S. citizen and another for- tack on Afghanistan. Iran and other Saudi Crown Prince Abdullah de- Blair’s office, chanting “welfare not border into Lebanon along with heavy eastern and western Europe as well eigner and wounded four others late countries had already warned that the scribed the bombing in the city of Al- warfare!” and “we don’t want this machine-gun fire. Israel denied any as Russia and Ukraine. Saturday. Muslim world would not accept any Khobar as “wrongful and cowardly,” war.” such attack. “Together with our allies we have There was no immediate claim of foreign incursions into a fellow Mus- and promised that its perpetrators “We have had these wars in the Last week, guerrillas of the to face this human plague which is responsibility. lim country. “will be brought to justice,” the official past and they create more terrorism Lebanese militia Hezbollah fired sev- terrorism,” Polish President Alek- than they prevent,” said 55-year-old In addition, Israeli tanks reported- Iran, which shares a border with eral rockets into Shebaa Farms as part Saudi Press Agency reported. sander Kwasniewski said in a state- Londoner Jamie Ritchie. “I would like ly fired on Lebanese positions in a Afghanistan and already plays host to of an ongoing campaign to force an Bin Laden has demanded that all cross-border attack, while three peo- more than a million Afghan refugees, “infidels” leave Saudi Arabia and that ment. to see a big change in the policies of Israeli withdrawal from the town, “The fight will be long, risky and ple were killed in violence Sunday be- denounced Sunday’s missile strikes which Israel captured from Syria dur- the kingdom cease its practice of per- what they call the international com- tween Israelis and Palestinians. Two as “blind” and “unacceptable,” ac- mitting U.S. troops to be based there. painful,” he said. “Today’s campaign is munity.” ing the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. only the beginning. It will require a lot of those deaths occurred in the north- cording to a Lebanese television re- Hezbollah, identified by the United A dissident group, Saudi Hezbollah, About 100 far-right demonstrators ern kibbutz of Shluhot, where a Pales- port. claimed responsibility for a 1996 of effort and concessions, also on part gathered in central Berlin, chanting States as possibly having supplied as- of our society. We are ready for it.” tinian detonated a bomb strapped to Lebanon’s information minister, sistance to al-Qaida in previous anti- bombing of the Khobar Towers com- “USA international genocide central.” Small anti-war demonstrations his body, killing himself along with an Ghazi Aridi, warned that the U.S. at- U.S. strikes, declined to comment on plex in nearby Dhahran, which killed Anti-war protesters announced Israeli. tacks would destabilize the region Sunday’s attack against Afghanistan. 19 U.S. servicemen. were held in some European cities, demonstrations would be held in Meeting: It was unclear how the and were designed to give the United In the past week, the group’s leaders The government of Kuwait de- and some governments expressed Rome and Naples. missile strikes on Afghanistan would States a pretext to maintain a long- have lamented the deaths of innocent nounced Saturday’s bombing in Al- regret that military action couldn’t “We said that at the first winds of affect a meeting of Islamic countries term military presence in the region. U.S. civilians in the Sept. 11 attacks but Khobar as a “shameful, criminal act be avoided. war we would descend,” said one or- scheduled for Wednesday in Qatar. In a television interview, Aridi also also have warned the United States aimed at destabilizing security.” Although those governments ganizer, Francesco Caruso. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

Page A12 TheVindicator MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001

TARGETING TERRORISM | Afghanistan Terrorists cells and UZBEKISTAN Would consider lending its The United military bases to U.S. forces for staging strikes. Kyrgyzstan States govern- ment has ac- TAJIKISTAN cused Saudi Will not allow Western-led attacks Iraq Turkmenistan to be launched from its territory. terrorist, Condemned the attacks Osama bin but has not committed to allow U.S. forces to Laden of being launch strikes from its territory. responsible for the attacks on IRAN Afghanistan China An opponent of the Taliban, Iran the World Kuwait closed its 560-mile-long border to prevent the influx of Afghan Trade Center refugees in event of U.S. attacks. Will not support any U.S.-led attack and the Pen- on Afghanistan. tagon. It is believed that bin Laden Nepal is living in

Afghanistan U.A.E. and is being PAKISTAN sheltered by Saudi Arabia Declared its “full support” for U.S. re- the Taliban, taliation against INDIA Afghanistan and de- Has shared intelligence information about the ruling fac- livered a message to Islamic extremists in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Oman the Taliban to hand tion in that over Osama bin country. Laden. Yemen

ISLAM PRIMER

Islam is the second largest religion in POTENTIAL MILITARY TARGETS IN AFGHANISTAN the world with about 1.3 billion followers. Here is an early list of possible targets for airstrikes: The word Islam is Arabic for peace, purity, acceptance and commitment. The religion Talibani military camps and training facili- ■ Possible chemical-biological weapon laboratory at of Islam is the complete acceptance of the ties located in: Abu Khahab Camp, north of Jalalabad. teachings and the guidance of Allah, the ■ ■ Ghaziabad and Darunta, east and west of Jalalabad. Also possible are strikes against training camps in Arabic word for God, and the surrender to Sudan, Pakistan, Yemen and Algeria. the will of Allah. Islam shares with the oth- ■ Naghloo Dam near Sarowbi. er Abrahamic religions — Judaism and ■ Kod-e-Barq outside Maxar-e-Sharif. Christianity — their history, the basic ethi- ■ Central Army Corps of Kabul. = Air Force = Strategic cal teachings contained in the Ten Com- buildings, ■ Rishkhor, southwest of Kabul, site of one of the mandments and the belief in one god. = Army structures largest training camps. and factories Muslims believe that the Koran — the dominant Islamic scripture — consists of Other targets would include: the exact words revealed by God through ■ General government buildings in Kabul, including the the angel Gabriel to the prophet Muham- foreign ministry and the royal palace. mad over a 23-year period. The Koran is the ■ About 40 combat aircraft, including sever- prime source of every Muslim’s faith and al Soviet-made MiG fighters, transport practice. planes and helicopters based at air- The Koran is distinct from the Hadith, ports at Kabul, Kandahar, Shin- which are the teachings, sayings and ac- dand, Herat and Maxar-e- Maxar-e-Sharif tions of the prophet Muhammad as report- Sharif. ed by his companions. Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 and is believed by Muslims to have been God’s last prophet.

The five pillars of Islam The pillars of Islam provide the frame- Jalalabad work of Islamic spiritual life. Herat Kabul ■ The declaration of faith: (Sha- hadah) “There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger.” This declaration of faith is called the Sha- Shindand hadah, which all the faithful pro- nounce. ■ Prayers: (Salah) The Salah is the word AFGHANISTAN Sarowbi for the obligatory prayers that are per- Afghanistan was invaded and occupied by the So- formed five times a day and are seen viet Union in 1979. The U.S.S.R. was forced to with- as a direct link between the worshipper WHO ARE THE draw 10 years later by anti-communist mu- and God. There is no hierarchical au- TALIBAN? jahdeen forces supplied and trained by the U.S., thority in Islam and no priests, so any Kandahar Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and others. Fighting sub- learned person who knows the Koran The Taliban, translated in Arabic to mean "the sequently continued among the various mu- and is chosen by the congregation students," were originally Afghans trained in Pak- jahdeen factions, but the fundamentalist Islamic leads the prayers. istani religious schools. They fought with the Afghan Taliban movement has seized most of the coun- ■ Almsgiving: (Zakah) One of the most resistance (mujahdeen) to expel the Soviet Union try. In addition to the continuing civil strife, the important principles of Islam is the from Afghanistan. After a decade-long conflict that country suffers from widespread poverty, a tenet that all things belong to God, and resulted in the retreat of Soviet troops in 1989, the crumbling infrastructure, and continuing dangers that wealth is therefore held by human Muslim warriors began fighting among themselves. from the country’s recent military occupation, beings in trust. The word zakah means The Taliban took the city of Kandahar in such as live mines. both “purification” and “growth.” Set- Afghanistan, beginning a remarkable advance that Head of state: Mullah Mohammed Omar led to their capture of the capital, Kabul, in Septem- ting aside a portion for those in need Capital: Kabul (est. pop. 2.59 million) purifies possessions. Each Muslim cal- ber 1996. culates his or her own zakah individu- The Taliban’s popularity with many Afghans ini- Comparative area: Slightly smaller than ally. For most, this involves the pay- tially surprised the country’s warring mujahdeen Texas ment each year of 2.5 percent of their HIGHLIGHTS IN AFGHANISTAN HISTORY 1919-2001 factions. Climate: Arid to semiarid; cold winters and hot accumulated wealth to assist the poor As ethnic Pashtuns, the predominant ethnic summers group of Afghanistan, a large part of the Taliban’s and sick. Terrain: Mostly rugged mountains; plains in 1919 - Afghanistan regains independence af- jibullah. support came from Afghanistan’s Pashtun communi- ■ Fasting: (Sawn) Every year, in the north and southwest ter third war against British forces. ty, disillusioned with ethnic Tajik and Uzbek leaders. month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast 1991 - U.S. and U.S.S.R. agree to end military 1933 - Zahir Shah becomes king, and aid to both sides. But it was not purely a question of ethnicity. Population: 25,838,797 (July 2000 est.) from first light until sundown, abstain- Afghans, weary of the prevailing lawlessness in Afghanistan remains a monarchy for next four 1992 - Resistance closes in on Kabul, and Na- Life expectancy at birth: ing from food, drink and sexual rela- many parts of the country, were often delighted by decades. jibullah is executed. Rival militias vie for influ- Total population: 45.88 years tions. Taliban successes in stamping out corruption. Their 1964 - Constitutional monarchy introduced; ence. Male: 46.62 years ■ Pilgrimage: (Hajj) The pilgrimage to refusal to deal with the warlords whose rivalries had leads to political power struggles. Female: 45.1 years (2000 est.) Mecca — the Hajj — is required only for 1993 - Mujahdeen factions agree on forma- caused so much killing and destruction earned them those who are physically and financial- 1973 - Mohammed Daud seizes power in a tion of a government with Burhanuddin Rab- respect. Religions: Sunni Muslim, 84%; Shi’a Muslim, ly able to perform it. About 2 million coup and declares a republic. bani proclaimed president. The Taliban said their aim was to set up the 15%; other 1%. people make the journey to Mecca 1978 - General Daud is overthrown and killed 1996 - Taliban seize control of Kabul. world’s most pure Islamic state, banning frivolities Ethnic makeup: Pashtu, 38%; Tajik, 25%; each year. in a coup. 1998 - U.S. launches missile strikes at sus- like television, music and cinema. Hazare, 19%; Uzbek, 6%; other, 12%. 1979 - Power struggle between leftist lead- pected bases of businessman Osama bin Their attempts to eradicate crime have been re- Government: On Sept. 27, 1996, the ruling ers Hafizullah Amin and Nur Mohammed Tara- Laden in retaliation for embassy bombings in inforced by the introduction of Islamic law, which in- members of the Afghan government were dis- ki begins. Amin wins. Afghan army faces col- Africa. cludes public executions and amputations. placed by members of the Islamic Taliban move- ESTIMATED FOLLOWERS lapse. Soviet Union sends in troops to help re- 1999 - U.N. imposes sanctions to force A flurry of regulations forbidding girls from go- ment. move Amin, who is executed. Afghanistan to hand over Osama bin Laden for ing to school and women from working and the de- The Taliban have declared themselves the legiti- Christianity 2 billion 1980 - Babrak Karmal installed as ruler. Anti- trial. struction of ancient Buddhist religious sites has mate government of Afghanistan; however, the brought them into conflict with international com- regime resistance intensifies with Afghan re- 2001 January - U.N. imposes further United Nations has not recognized them as such, munities such as the United Nations, which regards sistance fighters (mujahdeen) fighting Soviet sanctions on Taliban to force them to hand and the Afghan seat at the U.N. remains vacant. Islam 1.3 billion the Taliban as an illegitimate government. forces. U.S., Pakistan, China, Iran and Saudi over Osama bin Laden. Only three countries, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Arabia supply money and arms. Such issues, along with restrictions on women’s the United Arab Emirates, recognize the Taliban 2001 May - Taliban order religious minori- access to health care, have caused resentment Hinduism 900 million 1985 - Mujahdeen come together in Pakistan as Afghanistan’s legitimate government. ties to wear tags identifying themselves as among Afghans. to form alliance against Soviet forces. Economic overview: Afghanistan is an ex- non-Muslims, and Hindu women to veil them- The Taliban now control all but the far north of Buddhism 360 million 1986 - U.S. begins supplying mujahdeen with selves like other Afghan women. tremely poor, landlocked country, highly depend- the country, which is the last stronghold of the eth- ent on farming and livestock raising (sheep and Stinger missiles, enabling them to shoot down 2001 September - Eight foreign aid nic Tajik commander Ahmed Shah Masood, who was Soviet helicopter gunships. Babrak Karmal re- goats). Gross domestic product has fallen sub- Judaism 14 million workers on trial in the Supreme Court for pro- recently assassinated. stantially over the past 20 years because of the placed by Najibullah as head of Soviet-backed moting Christianity. Ahmad Shah Masood, With 90 percent of the country under their con- regime. loss of labor and capital and the disruption of leader of the main opposition to the Taliban, is trol, the Taliban have continued to press for interna- trade by war. The majority of the population con- Source: Scripps Howard News Service, Pentagon; The 1989 - Soviet troops leave, but civil war con- killed by assassins posing as journalists. Council of Islamic Education; CIA World factbook; news tional recognition. tinues to suffer from insufficient food, clothing, reports tinues as mujahdeen push to overthrow Na- housing and medical care. Inflation also remains a serious problem. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001 TheVindicator Page A13

TARGETING TERRORISM | Special forces those who battle them

ack in 1962, when the big battlefield assaults of World War II were still the the first commanding officer of Navy SEAL Team Two, recalled in author Kevin Dock- image of warfare for average Americans, President Kennedy accelerated the ery’s book, “Navy SEALs: A History of the Early Years.” development and expansion of so-called special forces. He was talking about the Vietnam War, but the same thinking is behind the Bush B administration’s looming war on suspected terrorists and the regimes that protect With a jungle conflict in Vietnam heating up, the conventional warfare of the past them. was obsolete. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld has said the conflict will not involve any D- It would take the still-evolving commando units of the Army’s Green Berets, and Day type invasion but hinted there would be a series of focused, targeted attacks. new, clandestine units, like the underwater explosives experts Kennedy agreed to That will cast a spotlight on the Army’s Green Berets and Rangers and the Navy turn into the first Navy SEAL teams. SEALs, and the super-secret Delta Force — small, elite forces that hold some of the “He wanted a force that could fight the wars that he could see coming up, not the best knowledge and equipment in the American arsenal. major land battles where tanks slugged it out in the plains, but the little guerrilla When people say “Special Forces,” here’s what they mean. fights that could bleed a country dry and make it fall,” retired Navy Lt. John Callahan, – M.E. Sprengelmeyer, Scripps Howard News Service

THE GREEN BERETS SPECIALTIES: Para- weapons that still are common in overseas ar- chuting into hos- eas where they might serve. “I am sure that the WHO ARE THEY: The Army’s elite, special forces tile territory, EXTREME TRAINING: After grueling training, in- units, known for extensive cross-training to surviving on cluding sleep deprivation, they undergo a 14- Green Beret will be a conduct the most dangerous clandestine mis- their own for day final exam known as “Robin Sage.” It’s a mark of distinction in sions or to act as diplomats and teachers, weeks at a time, simulated setting where they have to interact training friendly, foreign forces. hand-to-hand with opposing armies, guerrilla forces, and lo- the trying times combat, learning NICKNAME: Warrior Diplomats cal civilians. Sudden ambushes teach them ahead.” regional lan- never to let down their guard. MOTTO: “De Opresso Liber” guages and cul- — President John F. Kennedy, 1961 WORKING GROUPS: Working in 12-man teams, some UNIFORM: Green berets tures, and using NAVY SEALs diplomatic skills commando missions could be conducted by ORIGIN: Their lineage goes back to “Rogers to work with just a few Green Berets. WHO ARE THEY: Elite Naval Special Warfare teams trained for spe- Rangers,” the frontier soldiers who fought in HOLLYWOOD’S VERSION: “The Green Berets,” 1968; cialized “Sea, Air and Land” missions. coalition forces. EXPERIENCE: Southeast Asia, 1957-1975; Bolivia, “Rambo: First Blood Part II,” 1985. the French and Indian Wars of the 1750s. Mod- Each gets a specialty in weapons, engineering, 1967-68; Panama, 1989; Persian Gulf, 1990-91; NICKNAME: “Frogs.” ern ties are to special forces of World War II, medical care, communications or operations Somalia, 1992; Haiti, 1994; Bosnia, 1994-present; BOOKS: “Inside the Green Berets,” by Charles Simp- MOTTO: “The only easy day was yesterday.” including the “Devil’s Brigade,” a joint Ameri- and intelligence. Kosovo, 1999. son, 1983; “Green Berets at War: U.S. Army Spe- can-Canadian force that fought in Italy and cial Forces in Asia 1956-1975,” by Shelby L. UNIFORM: Distinctive Trident insignia, showing Neptune’s scepter France, and “Merrill’s Marauders,” who fought GEAR: M16 and M4 rifles, grenade launchers, M9 HOME BASES: Fort Bragg, N.C.; Fort Lewis, Wash.; Stanton, 1987; “The Company They Keep,” by crossed with the anchor and a pistol, an American eagle with in Southeast Asia. semiautomatic pistols, other weapons. Green Fort Campbell, Ky; Fort Carson, Colo.; Camp Anna Simons, 1997. its head bowed. Berets are trained in foreign or obsolete Williams, Utah; Birmingham, Ala. ORIGIN: Evolved from the Naval combat demolition units and un- derwater demolition teams that cleared obstacles at beaches for Allied invasions during World War II. SPECIALTIES: Sabotage missions to destroy enemy bridges, roads, obstructions, communications lines, and what’s known as “surgical application of force.” Origins are in the water, from oceans to rivers, but also adept at clandestine reconnais- ARMY RANGERS are on alert to be anywhere within 18 hours’ no- sance and rescue operations on land. tice. “Don’t GEAR: Rigid, inflatable boats; modified, miniature submarines WHO ARE THEY: The premier light infantry units of the U.S. military that con- GEAR: Parachutes, M-16 rifles, M-4 assault rifles, called SEAL Delivery Vehi- stitute the 75th Ranger Regiment. grenade-launchers, M-60 machine guns, night vi- forget cles or SDVs; explosives, NICKNAME: “Snake-eaters.” sion sights and goggles, motorcycles, modified including hand-held Land Rovers. nothing.” MOTTO: “Rangers lead the way.” — first standing order of “When you’re limpet mines that can be EXTREME TRAINING: Trainees are blindfolded and attached to a ship’s hull UNIFORM: Tan berets — replacing the black berets that are now worn Maj. Robert Rogers, “Rog- called upon to Army-wide. forced to walk off the end of a 10-foot diving ers Rangers,” 1759 underwater and detonat- platform into a pool, where they have to remove do anything, ed once a diver swims ORIGIN: Regiment activated in 1969, but they can trace roots to “Rogers the blindfolds underwater and swim to safety and you’re not safely away. In the Rangers,” the rugged frontier without losing any equipment. Persian Gulf War, they units led by Robert Rogers in ready to do it, used Desert 1756 that fought in the WORKING GROUPS: They can participate in Normandy-like parachute drops en Patrol/Light Strike Vehi- French and Indian War. masse, or work on clandestine reconnaissance missions of just a handful of then you’ve cles, modified off-road Modern rangers have men. failed.” racing vehicles, to race close ties to the leg- EXPERIENCE: Vietnam 1969-72; part of Iranian hostage rescue mission in 1980; con- — Guidance given by Commander across the desert. endary World War II in- flicts in Grenada, 1983; Panama, 1989; Persian Gulf in 1990 and 1991; and ill-fated W.H. Hamilton to Lt. Commander EXTREME TRAINING: To fantrymen who scaled 1983 mission to capture a warlord in Somalia that left 18 dead and 84 wounded Roy Boehm when Boehm was giv- drown-proof the SEALs, the cliffs of Normandy in an ambush. en the task of organizing the first they must learn to swim on D-Day. HOME BASES: Fort Benning, Ga.; Fort Lewis, Wash.; Hunter Army Airfield, Ga. SEAL unit. underwater with their SPECIALTIES: Dropping in uninvited. Para- HOLLYWOOD’S VERSION: “Saving Private Ryan,” 1998; “Darby’s Rangers,” 1958; hands and feet bound. chute drops into the heart of the action, “Black Hawk Down,” to be released in 2002. With such training they’re specialized raids and ambushes, seiz- known as some of the best combat swimmers in the world. ing airfields. They’re trained for BOOKS: “Airborne Rangers,” by Allen M. and Freida W. Landau, 1992; “Black Hawk arctic, jungle, desert, and Down,” by Mark Bowden, 1999; “U.S. Army Rangers and LRRP Units,” by Gordon WORKING GROUPS: Work 16-member platoons, but special mis- L. Rottman, 1987; “Raiders or Elite Infantry,” by David W. Hogan Jr., 1992. sions can involve just a handful of men. mountain operations, and EXPERIENCE: Surveyed harbors in Cuba, 1962; Vietnam and South- east Asia, 1962-1971; recovered astronauts from Gemini and Apollo missions, 1964-1970; Grenada, 1983; Panama, 1989; Iraq, 1991; Kosovo, 1999. HOME BASES: Little Creek, Va; Coronado, Calif. HOLLYWOOD’S VERSION: “Navy Seals,” 1990; “G.I. Jane, 1997. BOOKS: “Navy SEALs: A History of the Early Years,” by Kevin Dock- DELTA FORCE ery, 2001; “First SEAL,” by Roy Boehm and Charles W. Saaer, 1997; “Brave Men, Dark Waters,” by Kelly Orr, 1992; “Combat WHO ARE THEY: The super-secret counter-terrorism group of Frogmen,” by Michael Welhan, 1989. the U.S. Army’s 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment- Delta. NICKNAME: “Delta Force.” ORIGIN: After a rise in global terrorism in the 1970s, the Delta Force was created in 1977 by U.S. Army Col. Charles Beckwith, who had completed an exchange program in the 1960s “These are with the elite British SAS. guys that are SPECIALTIES: Experts in pre- venting terrorism as security putting their at high-profile targets, or re- lives on the acting to terrorism. Trained to infiltrate or storm hide- line, taking outs to rescue hostages. on some very GEAR: 9mm Beretta Mod- el 92 pistol, Heckler & serious bad Koch MP5 submachine guys. The gun, Walther MP-K sub- machine gun, Colt less anyone Model 733 Commando knows about assault rifle. AIR FORCE SPECIAL OPS SPECIAL TRAINING: the unit, the WHO ARE THEY: The specialized air power units of the Reputation as better.” Air Force Special Operations Command, which use shooting ex- — Former Delta Force soldier some of the most highly trained aviators and cus- perts on quoted in Stars and Stripes tomized aircraft for clandestine attacks and sup- close-quar- port missions. ters gun- fights or NICKNAMES: Among the units, “Black Birds,” “Night long-range sniping. Internet reports about Hawks,” “Dust Devils,” “Green Hornets,” and “Night their secretive headquarters claim they Owls.” have an Olympic-size swimming pool, MOTTO: “Anytime, anywhere.” dive tank and three-story climbing ORIGIN: Roots are in the Army Air Force’s “Project 9,” wall at their compound.: the first air commando units of World War II. Later EXPERIENCE: Failed attempt to res- called the 5318th Provisional Unit, they flew secret cue Iranian hostages in 1980; Pana- supply and intelligence missions for a British com- ma, 1989; and Iraq, where they are be- mando unit in Burma, then controlled by the Japan- lieved to have worked with Green ese. Later, pilots dubbed “Carpetbaggers” flew late- Berets to locate Scud missile launch- night missions in Europe to ferry supplies to resist- ers. ance groups aboard low-flying planes painted black. HOME BASE: Fort Bragg, N.C. SPECIALTIES: Flying close to the ground, under radar, HOLLYWOOD’S VERSION: “Delta Force,” by day or night, to carry special operations sol- 1986. diers behind enemy lines or conduct aerial attacks. Able to conduct night- “These time search and rescue things operations. GEAR: C-130 airplanes, we do including the Combat Talon I and II, Combat OTHER SPECIAL FORCES that oth- Shadow, Spectre Gunship ers may and Spooky II Gunship; and Force Recon — The special forces of the U.S. the Pave Low and Pave Marines, known for amphibious or ground reconnaissance, sur- live.” Hawk helicopters. EXPERIENCE: They participated in Grenada, 1983; Desert — Air Force Storm, 1990-91; Panama, 1989; and Somalia, 1993. veillance, recovery of sensitive materials, hostage rescue, raids and Pararescue motto SPECIAL TRAINING: The They also are on duty during Space Shuttle mis- support missions. Having a friendly rivalry with Navy SEALs, Force Re- 720th Special Tactics Group sions, clearing maritime ships out of the launch con is not a part of U.S. Special Operations Command. has pararescue troops, zone and remaining on standby in case they’re known as PJs, who special- needed for rescue after a launch accident. 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment — A ize in parachuting or diving to retrieve downed fly- highly trained U.S. Army unit known as "The Night Stalkers" that special- ers, wounded soldiers behind enemy lines or others. HOME BASES: Based at Hurlburt Field, Fla. Training at izes in helicopter runs under cover of darkness to help other special forces The group also employs combat weathermen. Kirtland Air Force Base, N. M. infiltrate behind enemy lines. WORKING GROUPS: Like their counterparts in the Army’s 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, Psy Ops — The Psychological Operations units of U.S. Army Special Forces they work closely with other special forces and are that use leaflets, posters, broadcasts and tapes to spread the American mili- essential to getting ground forces in and out of the tary's message within embattled territories. action safely. Source: Scripps Howard News Service Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

Page A14 TheVindicator MONDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2001

TARGETING TERRORISM | Heightened Security

NATION FBI STATEMENT Warning system

Text of the FBI’s statement regarding Sun- day’s military strikes on Afghanistan: Security tightens on the home front Since the terrorist attacks Sept. 11, the FBI has been on a full alert status, Americans are getting ready for And officials confirmed that the manning operations 24 hours a day. All “The best thing that Ameri- Fort Lauderdale, Fla., airport isn’t the long war against terrorism. alone with alerts going out across the necessary resources are being devot- cans can do for their country nation Sunday. ed to the investigative and preventive KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS right now is to go back to The State Department increased se- efforts. curity in its Washington headquarters Coinciding with today’s military ac- The nation braced Sunday for work, get back in airplanes and put out a new travel warning to reprisal after America’s attack and go back to business-as- Americans overseas, spokesman tion, the FBI, through the National against targets in Afghanistan. Richard Boucher said. Washington, Threat Warning System, has again re- Security increased at airports across usual — as difficult as that D.C., city government activated its quested all law enforcement to be at the nation, embassies across the may be. If they don’t, then emergency operations center Sunday, the highest level of vigilance and be globe, seaports in select cities, foot- said Tony Bullock, a spokesman for ball stadiums, government buildings Al-Qaida has won because prepared to respond to any act of ter- Mayor Anthony Williams. “The mes- rorism or violence should it become and even historical landmarks, such what they seek to do is to sage from Mayor Williams is: ‘Don’t as the Liberty Bell in Philadelphia. be scared, get prepared,’” Bullock said. necessary. Further, all law enforce- “I know many Americans feel fear prevent us from living our “We don’t want to be running around ment agencies have been asked to today,” President Bush said Sunday normal lives.” closing the city down.” evaluate whether additional local se- from the White House. “And our Ridge takes over: As security government is taking strong precau- Terrorism expert Amy Smithson curity measures are warranted in light tightened across the nation, former of the military operations and the cur- tions. All law enforcement and intel- Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Ridge pre- In Philadelphia, Police Commis- rent threat level. ligence agencies are working aggres- pared for his first day as head of a new sioner John F. Timoney added police sively around America, around the Homeland Security Council, modeled The FBI has tasked each of its offices to historical sites, an Eagles-Arizona world and around the clock.” after the National Security Council. to remain on the highest alert indefi- football game and two parades. The precautions came as Osama Today, he will have a staff of 100 “There is no known credible threat nitely, have all “first responder” and bin Laden, accused of being the mas- and a huge challenge. He’ll need to right now,” Timoney said. “Howev- crisis management resources on termind behind the Sept. 11 attacks, work with 40 agencies that also are er, clearly there is the expectation threatened more terror. tasked with dealing with domestic standby, and ensure that current oper- that there will be some kind of re- “To America and to its people I say terrorism. ations and security plans are consis- taliation.” this: I swear by Allah that America ... Americans should be vigilant, one tent with the highest level of vigilance. The U.S. Coast Guard stepped up and those who live in America will independent expert on terrorism to a higher stage of alert in selected The around-the-clock effort is continu- never feel security and safety unless said Sunday, but they should also re- regions, including Washington, D.C., ing with renewed investigative task- we feel security in our land and in alize their everyday risk from a spokesman Scott Eperson said. ings consistent with the current threat Palestine,” bin Laden said. reprisal is still small. “We are supporting the president’s What’s recommended: Officials “People are visibly frightened and level. Each FBI office has received spe- campaign against terrorism by main- emphasized that citizens must be they’re visibly frightened about things cific instructions in that regard. taining a high level of security and alert, but not necessarily afraid. that are so unlikely to happen to awareness here at home,” said Vice The current operating instructions “You cannot defend at every place, them,” said Amy Smithson of the Admiral Thad Allen, commander of are based on the possibility of addi- at every time, against every conceiv- Henry L. Stimson Center, a Washing- the Coast Guard’s Atlantic Area. able, imaginable —even unimagin- ton international relations think-tank. tional terrorist activity occurring able — terrorist attack,” Defense Sec- Airport security: The Federal Avi- “The best thing that Americans can somewhere in the world. Any specific retary Donald Rumsfeld said Sunday. ation Administration advised air- do for their country right now is to go and credible threat information will be “The American people need to be ports to ratchet up security in ad- back to work, get back in airplanes communicated immediately to the ap- vance of Sunday’s offensive. alert,” White House spokesman Ari and go back to business-as-usual — as propriate local authorities to assist Fleischer added in a Sunday news “We have an increased amount of difficult as that may be. If they don’t, Associated Press briefing. “Threats do remain and gov- security for this weekend, but I can’t then Al-Qaida has won because what them in carrying out their responsibili- AIRPORT CHECK: A military police officer with the Massachusetts National Guard ernment and law enforcement agen- say more,” said spokesman Jim they seek to do is to prevent us from ties. checks a passenger’s ticket at a security checkpoint inside Terminal C at Logan cies are taking all due precautions. Reynolds at Fort Lauderdale-Holly- living our normal lives. That’s what International Airport in Boston. This is war.” wood International Airport. terrorists do. They terrorize.” Source: Associated Press

FORT INDIANTOWN GAP, PA. DOMESTIC TRAVEL Ridge urges patience with battle Airlines maintain The former governor of Penn- Speech: The former governor told a crowd dotted with veterans regular schedules sylvania assumes the leader- of most of the last century’s armed ship of the Office of Homeland conflicts that the time had come But travel industry officials are 37, who was taking a business trip to again to “call on Pennsylvania’s cit- Italy. “I don’t want to think about it. Security today. izen-soldiers.” Ridge is a decorated worried about the immediate That’s the best way for me.” Vietnam veteran. Hotels: At many Southern Califor- FORT INDIANTOWN GAP, Pa. (AP) “We need to have faith in God, in future. nia hotels, the story was similar. At — Americans shouldn’t expect to our commander in chief, and in the Beverly Hilton Hotel, manager see quick results in the war against ourselves, because we will tri- LOS ANGELES TIMES Randy Boyd said the 579-room ho- umph,” Ridge said. terrorism, former Gov. Tom Ridge LOS ANGELES — The U.S. travel in- tel had not seen “anything unusual The new veterans memorial hon- said Sunday in one of his first ap- dustry, thrown into a severe down- so far,” but added: “If there was go- ors Pennsylvanians who have pearances after resigning to lead turn by the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, ing to be cancellations of groups, it served in the armed forces from the that fight. largely appeared to be spared im- would not happen on a Sunday.” Revolutionary War through the At the Ritz Carlton Huntington Ho- “I think we’ll have to be patient,” mediate new upheaval Sunday de- present. It was built with a combi- tel and Spa in nearby Pasadena, Ridge said less than two hours after spite the retaliatory strikes by U.S. spokeswoman Deanne French said, the United States began its armed nation of public and private funds. and British forces. “I don’t want to speculate for the fu- response to the terror attacks of al- Schweiker: With Ridge seated Officials of such airlines as Amer- most one month ago. “It will take a on the platform behind him, ture, but it has been amazing so far. ican, Northwest and Southwest said We’re pretty much having business while to root them out.” Schweiker told the crowd that pro- they maintained their normal flight Ridge told a crowd of several tecting the state against future at- as usual this Sunday.” schedules during the day. In addition, Michael Decruz, a supervisor at thousand veterans, politicians and tacks would be his top priority. Los Angeles-area hotels reported few the Four Points Hotel in Santa Mon- others on hand to celebrate the He used his first official act as cancellations in the hours after the ica, said Sunday, “So far, there has not governor Saturday to create a opening of the state’s new veterans retaliatory strikes. been any change.” memorial that the military assault statewide task force focused on “We are still having a very busy In fact, some travel experts said on terrorist sites in Afghanistan had anti-terrorism preparedness. The Sunday,” said Southwest spokes- some California resorts have fared begun that afternoon, and asked 13-member panel will prepare a re- woman Linda Rutherford. comparatively well lately, as travel- the crowd to join him in a moment port on the state’s vulnerability to Still, officials throughout the in- ers in the state dropped plans for of silence. terrorist attacks and offer recom- dustry acknowledged worries about long-distance trips and decided to In one of his last public appear- mendations to strengthen security what could happen in coming days stay close to home. ances in the state before leaving for by the end of next month. if news events renew anxieties about “With a war going on and the State Washington to head the new feder- The new governor also had a bit business and vacation travel. Department issuing warnings about al Office of Homeland Security, of ribbing in store for his old boss. At Los Angeles International Air- travel, Americans are going to be very Ridge shared the stage with the “I asked Governor Ridge what he Associated Press port, operations generally were in line reluctant to travel overseas. They’ll do man who replaced him Friday, Gov. was now: a Secretary of Homeland HEAD OF SECURITY: Former Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Ridge, left, head of the new- with the slow pace of recent days. it only when they have to, for busi- Mark Schweiker. Security? a Director? He just ly established Office of Homeland Security, waves after participating in the ded- Some passengers tried to brush aside ness, and international tourism will Ridge is scheduled to start in his laughed and said he wasn’t sure yet ication of a new state veterans memorial. The ceremony occurred Sunday in safety concerns. “I was nervous Sept. suffer greatly,” said John Poimiroo, new post today. either.” Fort Indiantown Gap, Pa. 11 but not now,” said Helen Varash, former state tourism director.

AMERICA CLEVELAND Threats of retaliation are serious, many in U.S. believe When, where or how the the streets. the videotape, saying it clearly was The terrorists could revert to form, made before the U.S. retaliation. strikes come are uncertain. and strike Americans overseas. The Bush pledged Americans won’t State Department issued a world- bow to the likes of bin Laden, even By RON FOURNIER wide alert Sunday, warning of the in the face of great danger. ASSOCIATED PRESS possibility of “strong anti-American “There can be no peace in a world sentiment and retaliatory actions of sudden terror,” the president told WASHINGTON — “I know many against U.S. citizens and interests the nation Sunday. “In the face of to- Americans feel fear today,” President throughout the world.” day’s new threat, the only way to Bush said Sunday. Truer words were In closed-door sessions with law- pursue peace is to pursue those who never spoken. makers last week, government offi- threaten it.” He asked for patience The military campaign now under cials said terrorists were virtually “in all the sacrifices that may come.” way exposes Americans to retalia- Phil Coyle, senior ad- tion from the same shadowy forces certain to try to strike back. Chemi- Expectation: viser at the Center for Defense Infor- who engineered the Sept. 11 suicide cal, biological and even nuclear mation, a Washington think tank, attacks that killed more than 5,000. weapons are feared to be within said bin Laden or other terrorists are “People are scared,” said Charles reach of some terrorist groups. likely to strike again at symbols of O. Jones, a presidential historian From bid Laden: Chilling words American might, or perhaps trains or from Wisconsin. “Never before, at of warning were heard Sunday from utilities. All are just the kind of “soft Associated Press least not since we killed each other in Osama bin Laden, the suspected spots” that bin Laden spoke of with the Civil War, have we had to face the mastermind of attacks on Washing- WAITING: Kelly Day, left, and Jennifer Nabers, both of San Francisco, wait to board a plane at Cleveland Hopkins Airport. derision. possibility that military engagement ton and New York. Concourse C and D were closed Sunday afternoon because of a security risk. Day and Nabers were in Cleveland to attend “What happened on Sept. 11 was will lead directly to domestic casu- “There is America, hit by God in a 10-year class reunion at Elyria Catholic High School. our own enterprise, our own com- alties.” one of its softest spots. Its greatest merce, our own technologies were Those days are over. buildings were destroyed, thank God for that. There is America, full of fear turned against us,” Coyle said. “These Preparedness: Shortly after the were our aircraft, our office buildings from its north to its south, from its False alarm closes parts of airport U.S. military strikes on Afghanistan, — which represent our success — and west to its east. Thank God for that,” the FBI urged law enforcement agen- they were turned into weapons CLEVELAND (AP) — Two airport flights daily. A woman, who had passed bin Laden said in a video shown 1 cies nationwide to be at their “high- against us.” concourses were closed for 3 ⁄2 hours The concourses which handle Con- through the security checkpoint, was Sunday on Al-Jazeera, the Arabic est level of vigilance and be prepared White House press secretary Ari Sunday when a security device gave tinental and Northwest flights re- stopped, and her bag was seized. She satellite station. to respond to any act of terrorism.” Fleischer said Americans need to what turned out to be a false read- opened about 6:15 p.m. after FBI was checked and released. As of last week, the Justice De- “I swear by God ... neither Ameri- “prepare for casualties in this war.” ing indicating explosives in a carry- agents, police and bomb-sniffing Last week, Gov. Bob Taft assigned partment had analyzed 240 new ca nor the people who live in it will For more than a century, those casu- on bag. dogs checked the area. 38 Ohio National Guardsmen from threats that it deemed serious and dream of security before we live it in alties have involved soldiers abroad No explosives were found. The Reuben Sheperd, director of the city the Youngstown area to Hopkins to credible. In response, the govern- Palestine, and not before all the infi- — not innocent civilians on U.S. soil. concourse shutdowns left passen- agency that runs the airport, said the help airport security monitor pas- ment arrested or detained more than del armies leave the land of Muham- gers milling about the terminal at concourses were evacuated when a sengers and visitors in the wake of 500 people, many of them on immi- mad,” bin Laden said. Ron Fournier has covered the White House and poli- Cleveland Hopkins International Air- device indicated a piece of carryon the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks in New gration violations to keep them off White House officials dismissed tics for The Associated Press since 1993. port, which has more than 600 baggage might have explosives. York and Washington. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

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TARGETING TERRORISM

LOS ANGELES Emmy Awards telecast is called off again Security was not the reason and CBS, which was to air the show, cluding less glamour and celebration. consulted with other networks and Emmy organizers asked partici- for the action. TV industry members. pants to cut back on red-carpet ar- ”We are not at this point calling it rival fanfare and forgo showy gowns LOS ANGELES (AP) — The Emmy a cancellation. We are looking into and tuxedoes in favor of business at- Awards telecast, delayed three weeks all the options,” said Bryce Zabel, tire. Veteran newsman Walter by the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, was chairman of the academy. ”We have Cronkite was invited to help set a se- called off Sunday after the United had very little time to think about rious tone, and the ceremony was to States and Britain launched a mili- this.” include tributes to heroes and vic- tary attack in Afghanistan. Even if the show isn’t rescheduled, tims of the attacks. Whether the show would be Zabel said they would get the tro- Earlier action: In deference to phies to winners “even if we have to rescheduled was unresolved. If this East Coast-based nominees, part of drive them over to someone’s house year’s show is never held, it would the presentation of 27 awards was to and shake hands with them.” be the first cancellation in the Em- take place in a Manhattan studio. The mys’ 53-year history. TV stars such as Dennis Franz of bicoastal Emmy broadcast was the “We turned on our TVs again and “NYPD Blue,” a best dramatic actor first in more than two decades. here it was a war action again,” said nominee, said through publicists that Jim Chabin, president of the Acade- they agreed with the decision. He Television is “small potatoes” com- my of Television Arts & Sciences, had been scheduled to make a pre- pared to world events, CBS Television which presents the awards. “We recorded tribute to New York City President Leslie Moonves said Sun- thought this is not the time to have a police officers for the telecast. day. ”It’s not a day to celebrate, cer- celebration, as much as we wanted The industry: The television in- to do it.” dustry had grappled in the weeks tainly. Not a day to go up and accept The announcement was made as since the attack with the propriety best supporting actress in a come- host Ellen DeGeneres was rehears- of holding a celebration such as the dy,” Moonves said. ing on stage at the Shrine Auditori- Emmys, which would have been the HBO’s mob drama “The Sopranos” um. Outside, workers soon began first major awards show to go ahead. had bids in seven categories, while rolling up the red carpet, removing The Recording Academy canceled its NBC’s White House drama “The West floral displays and carting off over- 2nd Annual Latin Grammys, which Wing” held six nominations. Both size decorative statuettes. had been scheduled the same day as were up for best drama series honors. Explanation: There were no the terrorist attacks. “The Sopranos” grabbed the most Emmy security concerns, only ques- The Television Academy and CBS nominations in July, a total of 22, to tions of whether it was appropriate had hoped that a three-week delay 18 bids for “The West Wing.” But after to stage the program under the cir- from the original Emmy air date of September’s creative arts ceremony, cumstances, Chabin said. Sept. 16, and a muted, more solemn the NBC series had four Emmys in “It’s a sacrifice we gladly make for ceremony would be seen as accept- hand to one for “The Sopranos.” the country,” he said. “There will be able. In last month’s creative arts cere- another time for another awards Virtually all of the nominees and mony, awards were announced in cat- show.” presenters had reaffirmed their will- egories including outstanding chore- Associated Press The decision was made after offi- ingness to take part in the ceremony ography, editing and makeup, and in TEARING DOWN: Workers remove a large Emmy Award replica outside the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles. The telecast cials with the television academy after revisions were announced, in- the new reality series categories. planned for Sunday was called off.

L ONDON MEDIA Blair gets applause for support CNN backs down Some observers see aloofness being replaced by passion. from deal on video One ABC official said the lite feed. KNIGHT RIDDER NEWSPAPERS The networks cited the legal con- LONDON — The joint U.S.-British broadcast community viewed cept of fair use, which they said al- attack on Afghanistan on Sunday lowed widespread use of broadcast capped a whirlwind week for British the deal with contempt. material in the time of a national Prime Minister Tony Blair, sharply emergency, said Dianne Brandi, vice raising his profile on the world stage NEW YORK (AP) — CNN backed off president of legal affairs at Fox News and inviting comparisons to great after rival networks ignored its at- Channel. British leaders of the past, including tempt to secure exclusive video from “These were the only pictures from World War II leader Winston inside Afghanistan during the Amer- an area where the United States was Churchill. ican-led military attack that began beginning a war,” Brandi said. “There The 48-year-old leader of Ameri- Sunday. was no question we would use ca’s strongest ally stepped far beyond The video, supplied by the Qatar- them.” his usual second-class role as head based independent television net- Fox and ABC didn’t bother check- of a declining power. work Al-Jazeera, consisted mostly of ing with CNN. CBS and NBC execu- His efforts at shoring up British grainy green footage of flashing tives did, however, and were told and international support for the U.S. lights and tracer fire. But it did in- CNN was enforcing its agreement, in its hour of need prompted Presi- clude a taped message from Osama spokeswomen said. Both networks dent Bush, in his speech to the na- bin Laden that was released Sunday used the video anyway. tion Sunday, to acknowledge Britain afternoon. “The American public’s interest as “our staunch friend.” The competitiveness and bad was served today by putting its right Blair opened the week by deliver- blood came in marked contrast to to be informed above petty compet- ing an emotional display of oratory Sept. 11, when the main television itive issues,” said CBS spokeswoman in his speech to the annual Labor networks agreed to share all of their Sandra Genelius. Party conference in Brighton, Eng- footage from the World Trade Cen- After the video had already been land, on Tuesday. Two days later, he ter and Pentagon attacks. widely used Sunday, CNN Chairman laid out the evidence for pursuing ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN, Fox News Walter Isaacson said of the arrange- Osama bin Laden and the Taliban Channel and MSNBC began extensive ment, “I’m not going to worry about regime in an address to an emer- Associated Press coverage Sunday shortly after the it.” He would not discuss whether CNN gency session of Parliament. Then he LEADERS: British Prime Minister Tony Blair, left, is greeted by Pakistani Foreign Minister Abdul Sattar at the Chacklala Air missile attacks, with anchors Tom would try to revisit the arrangement. jetted off to confer with the leaders Base in Islamabad, Pakistan. He arrived there Friday. Brokaw, Peter Jennings and Dan “The biggest issue now is not to of Russia, Pakistan and India. Rather in their studios. However, worry about the competition, but to Reactions: His performance left the United States and referring to the is a battle with only one outcome — Moscow to cement Russian President some CBS and Fox markets returned worry about covering this the best even his harshest critics lauding him visit he and his wife made to New our victory, not theirs,” and “Defeat it Vladimir Putin’s cooperation and to airing coverage of National Foot- that we can,” Isaacson said. and comparing him to great British York, where they met the families of or be defeated by it and defeat it, we help strengthen a coalition that ball League games. Regular programming: Despite leaders of the past, notably William some of the British victims of the as- must.” weeks before would have been What happened: On Saturday, Al the agreement with Al-Jazeera, CNN Gladstone in the 19th century and sault on the World Trade Center. It was a remarkable presentation unimaginable. Then he flew to Is- Jazeera managing director Mo- was relatively slow to break into its Churchill. Only confirmed cynics Personal touches: For a politician that won respect even from Blair’s lamabad to meet with Pakistani Pres- hammed Jasim Al-Ali faxed a letter regular programming Sunday with complained, some finding his style who sometimes seems aloof and out harshest critics. The Daily Telegraph, ident Gen. Pervez Musharraf. to several American networks saying news of the attacks, lagging behind too “presidential” for a prime minis- of touch, Blair’s conveyed a sense of a right-leaning London newspaper Blair persuaded Musharraf, who his company had established an “ex- its broadcast rivals. ter. pained identification with those af- that made an art of assailing Blair the same day said that he too was clusive relationship” with CNN. Al CNN’s bare-knuckled competitive- While Britain will be a junior part- fected by the Sept. 11 terrorist at- and his government, called it “the persuaded by the evidence offered Jazeera gave CNN the right to use its ness overseas has caused conflict be- ner in the U.S.-led coalition to knock tacks. It was a speech that Blair, who most impressive speech he has made by the United States. He also sought material for six hours before it could fore. In April, when China released out terrorism, Blair’s statesmanship relies on a small team of trusted ad- as prime minister” and published a to reassure Pakistanis, who have be released to other networks. Any the U.S. spy plane crew, CNN secured has in some ways upstaged that of visers to vet his every utterance, large front-page photo of his face strong ties to Britain and are divid- network that disobeyed the directive exclusive use of the only satellite President Bush, even as the crisis has wrote himself. above its fold. ed about Western intervention in the “shall be held legally responsible and transmission facility in Guam for 24 drawn out some of Bush’s best ora- “A middle-aged mother looks you On Thursday, Blair appeared be- region, that an attack on bin Laden could face prosecution in a court of hours when the crew landed there. tory. A trained barrister who in his through the eyes and tells you that fore Britain’s Parliament to deliver a and the Taliban would not be an at- law,” Al-Ali wrote. Both CBS and ABC have in recent youth aspired to a career promoting her only son has died and asks you brief but pointed dossier indicting tack on the Muslim world. Al Jazeera is reportedly the only in- months discussed sharing resources rock music, Blair is visibly more com- why?” Blair said. “And I tell you, you Saudi dissident Osama bin Laden and On Sunday, after the attack on ternational network given permis- with CNN, particularly on interna- fortable and articulate in front of an do not feel like the most powerful his Al-Qaida terrorism network in a Afghanistan began, he reminded sion to transmit pictures from inside tional coverage. Those talks were put audience or camera than Bush. man in the country at times like that series of attacks on U.S. targets that Britons that the loss of as many as Taliban-controlled Afghanistan. on hold following the terrorist attacks. Blair’s usual plodding and earnest because there is no answer, there is culminated in the Sept. 11 strikes, 200 of their fellow citizens in the “You can see the contempt with Sunday’s counterattack threw net- manner gave way this week to one no justification for the pain of those taking the lead in releasing details Sept. 11 attacks was the largest ca- which the entire broadcast commu- work schedules in flux, particularly energized by passion and purpose. people.” linking bin Laden to the attack. He sualty count from terrorism in the nity viewed this arrangement,” said at CBS, which had planned to broad- In the party conference hall in His remarks were punctuated by won the support of the British oppo- country’s history. It has brought the Jeffrey Schneider, an ABC News cast the Emmy Awards. Instead, the Brighton, he opened his 54-minute turns of phrase that evoked the best sition. British, he said, to “a moment of the spokesman. CNN’s rivals were able awards show was canceled. CBS speech by offering condolences to of Churchill’s wartime rhetoric: “This By nightfall, Blair was off to utmost gravity for the world.” to retrieve the pictures from a satel- scheduled a two-hour “60 Minutes.”

A CHRONOLOGY WASHINGTON Events since the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks

Key events since the Sept. 11 terrorist at- to bases in Persian Gulf. Thousands of sweeping action against terrorism. Afghans flee toward borders. Radio show expands broadcasts tacks: Sept. 29: Bush says nation’s defense against more attacks will be to “aggressive- Sept. 11: Hijacked jetliners hit the World Sept. 20: Bush announces creation of a Some believe the show should and the rationale behind Bush’s pol- ers has introduced legislation to re- Trade Center and the Pentagon; a fourth Cabinet-level Office of Homeland Security. ly and methodically” disrupt and destroy icy, said Robert R. Reilly, who read vive Radio Free Afghanistan, which crashes in Pennsylvania. President Bush Islamic clerics urge bin Laden to voluntarily terrorism. push America’s interests. the editorial and has been nominat- ceased broadcasting when the Sovi- vows to “find those responsible and bring leave Afghanistan. Sept. 30: Taliban say explicitly for the first ed by Bush to become VOA’s next di- et Union withdrew its troops from them to justice.” Sept. 21: Taliban rulers refuse to hand over time that bin Laden is still in Afghanistan. WASHINGTON POST rector. Afghanistan in 1989. Its purpose, in bin Laden and warn that any U.S. attacks Oct. 1: Bush says $6 million in assets has “The point of it is, the United States the words of Rep. Edward Royce, R- Sept. 12: Bush labels attacks “acts of war.” WASHINGTON — The Voice of could plunge region into crisis. been blocked and 50 bank accounts frozen. was already the largest contributor of Calif., would be “to inform Afghans Sept. 13: Secretary of State Colin Powell America is expanding its radio humanitarian aid to the Afghan peo- what their ruling Taliban govern- Sept. 22: United Arab Emirates cuts diplo- Oct. 2: British Prime Minister Tony Blair identifies Osama Bin Laden as the prime broadcasts into Afghanistan and at- ple,” Reilly said. “The United States is ment was doing, and to tell the truth matic relations with Taliban. suspect. says Taliban regime must surrender the ter- tempting to explain U.S. war aims now going to accelerate its effort to about world events.” rorists or “surrender power.” Sept. 14: Bush declares national emer- Sept. 23: Secretary of State Colin Powell while avoiding overt propaganda, do for them what the Taliban regime Group’s leader: Myrna Whit- gency; gives military authority to call up promises to lay out evidence against bin Oct. 3: Secretary of Defense Donald H. such as calls for Afghan soldiers to has failed to, which is feed them and worth, the VOA’s acting director, 50,000 reservists. Afghanistan’s Taliban Laden. Taliban leadership says it can’t find Rumsfeld arrives in Middle East for meet- defect, VOA officials said Sunday. get medicine to them.” maintained last week that the VOA militia warns of “revenge” if United States bin Laden. ings. Starting tonight, the VOA will be- Critical time: The U.S. military is doing a good job of serving Afghan attacks. Sept. 24: Bin Laden calls on Pakistan’s Oct. 4: Britain becomes first government gin delivering two hours and 15 min- campaign comes at a time of contro- listeners, most of whom lack televi- utes of news and commentary per Sept. 15: Pakistan agrees to list of U.S. de- Muslims to fight “the American crusade.” to outline alleged evidence against bin versy over VOA’s role and degree of sion sets and receive their news by day in each of Afghanistan’s two mands. Sept. 25: Saudi Arabia cuts ties with Tal- Laden. independence. Some members of shortwave radio. “I think we have il- main languages, Pashtu and Dari. Congress think the government- lustrated that VOA is the best vehicle Sept. 16: Bush pledges “crusade” to “rid iban government. Oct. 5: U.S. Army dispatches 1,000 soldiers That is an increase of 30 minutes in to former Soviet republic of Uzbekistan, funded radio station, which broad- for providing information to the peo- the world of evil-doers,” brushes off report- Sept. 26: Thousands storm abandoned each tongue. casts in 61 languages, should be ple of Afghanistan,” she said. “We’ve which borders Afghanistan. ed bin Laden denial. U.S. Embassy compound in Afghan capital Sunday, President Bush’s speech more of an advocate for American in- got the infrastructure. We’ve got the Sept. 17: The supreme leader of Taliban of Kabul. Oct. 6: Bush warns Taliban that “time is announcing U.S. airstrikes was terests. But VOA’s professional staff people, and we’ve got the audience.” says a grand council of Islamic clerics will Sept. 27: Taliban acknowledges it can com- running out.” broadcast live by the VOA in English has long maintained that it will lose The controversy heated up last decide whether to hand over bin Laden. municate with bin Laden; gave him mes- Oct. 7: American and British forces unleash and translated into numerous lan- credibility, and listeners, unless it re- month when the VOA broadcast an Sept. 18: Taliban leaders call on Muslims to sage to leave the country voluntarily. missile attacks against Taliban military tar- guages, including Pashtu, Dari, Ara- ports the news in a balanced and ob- interview, over the State Depart- bic and Farsi. VOA also broadcast a jective manner. ment’s objections, with the Tal- wage holy war on America if it attacks. Sept. 28: U.N. Security Council a U.S.-spon- gets and bin Laden’s training camps. 1 3 ⁄2-minute editorial Sunday night The issue has become so charged iban’s leader, Mullah Mohammed Sept. 19: Pentagon orders combat aircraft sored resolution demanding all nations take Source: Associated Press explaining America’s military goals that a bipartisan group of lawmak- Omar. Cyan Yellow Magenta Black K

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TARGETING TERRORISM | Health

GERM WARFARE Anthrax death in Most vaccines aren’t ready Fla. recalls 4 in ’57 Smallpox vaccine is the only Authorities are seeking the and Prevention at the textile plant and three other sites where anthrax one available for civilians. source of the inhalation had occurred. None of the workers who died was By DANIEL Q. HANEY anthrax in the recent death. given the vaccine. They were either ASSOCIATED PRESS MEDICAL EDITOR given a placebo or started work at CONCORD, N.H. (AP) — It has been the mill after the trial began and did- Bioterrorists? Germ attacks? If the a long time since Anita Simonds has n’t participate. threat is real, why not roll up our thought about the inhaled anthrax Testing of the vaccine, which was sleeves and get vaccinated? that killed her father and three co- developed by the Army Chemical Vaccine experts say the question workers in 1957. Corps, was halted soon after the has come up often since Sept. 11, and The memories came rushing back Manchester deaths, and all the work- though certainly a reasonable one, when she learned about last week- ers were given the vaccine, said Dr. many doubt population-wide shots end’s death of a Florida man from the Philip Brachman, who led the field will be a practical defense anytime rare disease. evaluation for the CDC. soon against the deliberate release “We had never heard of anthrax at No one died at the other testing of deadly microbes. that time,” Simonds, now 75, said in sites, in Philadelphia and Chester, Pa., The possible health hazards of an interview Sunday. “In those days, Brachman said Sunday. Brachman mass vaccination could easily out- you didn’t have the TV and all the said he believes the type of goat hair weigh the benefits, they say, espe- news you get now.” used today in the U.S. is synthetic. cially considering that no one really Simonds has learned much about Only 18 inhalation anthrax cases the disease since, but said Americans knows the likelihood of such a ca- in the United States were docu- shouldn’t worry, even in the wake of tastrophe. mented in the 20th century. Anthrax last month’s terrorist attacks. usually infects cattle, sheep and But beyond that are significant pox, but the protection wears off. Dr. “You can’t sit there and be afraid,” problems: No vaccines are available goats, but can cause severe illness D.A. Henderson, director of the Johns she said, adding that she has no and death in humans. for civilian use except smallpox Hopkins Center for Civilian Biode- plans to buy a gas mask. “Whatever Florida man: A 63-year-old Flori- shots, which are in extremely short fense Studies, estimates that only 10 God’s plans are for us, so be it.” supply until at least next year; and da man died of inhalation anthrax percent to 20 percent of them still Simonds’ father, Antonio Jette, was Friday. He was the first human to the government’s sole supplier of an- have immunity against smallpox. 49 when he came down with a thrax vaccine has failed to meet fed- catch the disease in the United States Acambis’ new vaccine will be cough and fever Sept. 5, 1957. He in 25 years. eral drug standards and isn’t cur- grown in cell cultures and will be died the next day. No further cases have been re- rently producing the vaccine. much purer than the original version, Source of disease: His family lat- ported, and investigators are testing Key to defense: But even if im- derived from the pus of infected er learned that he had contracted an- samples of soil, hair and other spec- munizing the entire U.S. population cows. thrax while working at the former imens to find out how he contract- against terrorist bugs is unlikely, cre- The Centers for Disease Control Arms Textile Co. in Manchester. ed the disease. ating new and better vaccines is and Prevention plans to store it at Officials said he inhaled the bac- An injectable anthrax vaccine has widely viewed as a key part of de- guarded warehouses around the teria from goat hair imported from been around since the 1970s, and the fense against bioterrorism. country, to be shipped off quickly af- Pakistan that was to be used in the U.S. military has required anthrax For some potential terrorist ter an attack to keep the highly con- manufacture of linings for men’s vaccinations for service personnel weapons, such as smallpox and Ebo- tagious and untreatable virus from suits. since the Persian Gulf War. la virus, there are no treatments at spreading. His death and that of three co- Some have refused to take the in- workers occurred during a trial of an all. Anthrax and other bacteria can The plan: Quarantine areas where jections because of severe side ef- anthrax vaccine that was conducted fects, which the Pentagon says hap- be treated with antibiotics, but in the smallpox is seen, then vaccinate by the Centers for Disease Control pen about once per 200,000 doses. case of anthrax, at least, treatment everyone who lives around them. must begin rapidly. Nine million doses of vaccine would On Friday, a Florida man died of be needed to contain an outbreak anthrax three days after being hos- that begins with just 100 infected pitalized, despite treatment with an- Biological attack threat people. tibiotics. So vaccines that prevent in- The logistics are daunting, espe- fection entirely could be far more ef- cially if people are infected in sever- fective in the face of a large outbreak. al cities. In 1947, it took a week to discussed at conference Even before the attacks on New vaccinate 6 million people in New York and Washington, developing York City in response to an outbreak Recently, British researchers an- lic should not be panicked. They do vaccines against the A-list of bioter- A gas mask isn’t necessary, the of eight cases. nounced they had deciphered the not need to go and buy gas masks.” rorist weapons was high on the re- So why not inoculate everyone as genetic blueprint of plague bacteria. medical expert said. Smiley said the most important search agenda at the National Insti- soon as a vaccine is available? The discovery could offer new hints message to the public is one of “calm, tutes of Health and the Defense De- “It has to be re-examined. I am cer- for vaccine design. The current vac- LOS ANGELES DAILY NEWS preparedness and to be ready for any partment. tainly beginning to think that may cine protects against the bubonic event.” In the works are vaccines against BURBANK, Calif. — Terrorists be a reasonable approach,” says Dr. form of plague but not the inhaled would have an extremely difficult What to do: Carlton said the Fed- virtually every potential bioterrorist variety, which is feared as a terrorist eral Emergency Management germ. Some might be given ahead of Ronald Atlas of the University of time “weaponizing” biological agents Louisville, president-elect of the weapon. such as anthrax or smallpox, the sur- Agency plans to distribute 3-by-5- time to soldiers, hospital workers Plague and other bacterial hazards, inch cards listing what actions the and police, but most would probably American Society for Microbiology. geon general of the U.S. Air Force said However, many specialists are du- such as anthrax, can be treated with recently at a bioterrorism confer- public should take in the event of a be held for distribution after an at- antibiotics. But medicines often must chemical or biological attack. tack to stop further spread. bious, including Henderson, who ence, but if they were successful, the start soon after exposure, even be- casualties might number “in the “No. 1 is going away from the Scientists are seeking vaccines that headed the global smallpox eradica- fore symptoms start, to be effective. thousands” in urban areas like plume,” Carlton said. “No. 2, if you could be produced rapidly and, once tion campaign. Two years ago, he led Since there probably would be no Southern California. don’t have a gas mask, a simple sur- given, build up protection much a committee of government and ac- warning of a germ attack and early Lt. Gen. Paul K. Carlton Jr. said Los gical mask, T-shirt or a handkerchief more quickly than the standard shots ademic specialists who rejected the will do a good job.” symptoms could be mistaken for the Angeles isn’t any more susceptible to now available. idea, and that conclusion still stands. Carlton said surveillance systems “The answer is definitely no,” says flu, treatment might start too late for a possible bioterrorist attack than Researchers who consult with gov- any other region. “But there is a real are set up across the country to de- ernment agencies speak of a new ur- Henderson. many. Nevertheless, some people tect biological attacks, although have stocked up on prescription an- and credible threat [nationwide] by a gency there. “We suddenly realize, Here are risks: The main reason dedicated adversary. That’s my con- symptoms from biological agents can my God, we’ve got to deal with this,” is the vaccine’s safety. When small- tibiotics, such as Cipro and doxycy- appear quickly or take up to six cline. cern,” he said. says Dr. Myron Levine, director of the pox was a true health hazard, those His comments came shortly before weeks to develop. The current anthrax vaccine is re- University of Maryland’s Center for risks were small in comparison. But U.S. Health and Human Services Sec- Here’s a problem: Dr. Brian Vaccine Development. the equation changes when the served for the military, and experts retary Tommy Thompson, speaking Johnston, co-chairman of the Los An- seem unanimous that it is too cum- Health and Hu- threat cannot be measured. Experts at the White House, said a 63-year- geles County Medical Association About smallpox: bersome for civilian use. It requires man Services Secretary Tommy contend that even a few hundred Associated Press old Florida man had contracted an- Bioterrorism Group, said officials in six shots over 18 months, then year- Thompson said last week the gov- deaths or serious complications that GETTING READY: An Israeli family loads thrax. Los Angeles County have received ly boosters. ernment hopes to have 40 million are vaccine-related would be con- gas mask kits into the car after re- Thompson said the case is not much training, but the health care Add to that the fact that the vac- fresh doses of smallpox vaccine by sidered unacceptable. freshing the kits at an Israeli army gas thought to be terrorist-related and system has a “very significant prob- cine’s only U.S. maker, Bioport Corp., next summer, well ahead of the orig- About three in every 1 million peo- mask distribution center in Tel Aviv. “is an isolated case and is not conta- lem” in dealing with a biological at- inal deadline of 2004. ple vaccinated would get encephali- has not produced a vaccine since gious.” tack. “One-third of our population has Acambis, a British firm, will speed tis that may lead to death or perma- 1998 because of failing to meet Food Carlton and other government of- and Drug Administration standards, all that farfetched,” says Kent Van ficials spoke on bioterrorism and no health insurance,” Johnston said. up its 20-year, $343 million program nent neurological damage, experts Kampen, the company’s president. estimate. Another 250 would get a the New York Times reported. other issues at the fourth annual Cal- “Hospitals have been closing, and we to replenish the U.S. supply. About 15 But that vaccine is not expected to have a significant nursing shortage.” smallpoxlike rash caused by vaccinia, What’s being done: Several labs ifornia Medical and Health Disaster million doses of the old vaccine re- be available for three to five years. Management Conference. Dr. Thomas Cooper, co-chairman main from the 1970s. the usually harmless virus used for are doing government-financed re- If it or another new anthrax vac- About 900 nurses, paramedics, of the Bioterrorism Group, said hos- Smallpox was eradicated in 1977, the vaccine. The rash could be fatal if search to find a better anthrax vac- cine works out, the thinking about emergency medical technicians, pitals and doctors can treat some bi- and routine vaccinations ceased in not treated. cine, which would eliminate the physicians, law enforcement officers ological agents with antibiotics and 1980. However, the Russians pro- People with weakened immune need for speedy antibiotics. One of large-scale vaccination could change. “If we had a great vaccine in and disaster officials attended. other drugs if the cases are caught duced tons of smallpox for their systems — cancer and transplant pa- them, Vaxin in Birmingham, Ala., is “We think we are pretty well-pre- early enough. enough quantity with no side effects bioweapons program in the 1980s, tients, those taking high-dose working on a genetically engineered pared, but events like [the Sept. 11 He said the greatest danger would and some experts fear some of it may steroids and people with AIDS — version that could be given with a and we felt the threat was large and terrorist attacks] help us improve our be in an enclosed area like a subway. have escaped, perhaps to other coun- could be especially susceptible. Even skin patch. imminent, that would be a reason- abilities,” said Dan Smiley, chief “People are at a much greater risk in tries that make biological weapons. if left unvaccinated, they might catch While it might be aimed initially able question for public health dis- deputy director of the state Emer- enclosed areas than in open areas About half of Americans alive to- vaccinia from those who are vacci- at soldiers or health workers, “vac- cussion,” said Johns Hopkins’ Dr. Lu- gency Medical Services Authority. where sunshine would inactivate a day were vaccinated against small- nated. cinating the entire population is not ciana Borio. “We do not have that.” “We can always improve. The pub- lot of it,” Cooper said.

PSYCHOLOGY Human resiliency helps in trauma, experts say

Many people turn times of crisis into members are happier and healthier than Among the studies that support the notion silient people. Ursano said those include a Experts caution that current knowledge of they were before. of post-traumatic growth, he said, is one of tendency to see crises as challenges rather how individuals and communities handle life-changing events for the better, This growing body of research into “post- burn patients, many of whom said the expe- than problems; optimism as opposed to pes- trauma isn’t necessarily a guide to how officials say. traumatic growth” or “perceived benefits” rience made them better people. In other re- simism; and a preference for socializing in- Americans will cope with the attacks and the counters some experts’ predictions that the search, many cruise ship passengers who stead of withdrawing. threat of possible future attacks. nation faces an epidemic of post-traumatic survived the vessel’s sinking later said the Factors: Bloom, now the director of a con- LOS ANGELES TIMES Indeed, growth in response to a stressful stress disorder and other psychological af- experience gave them new strength. In a sulting firm specializing in safety issues event appears less likely to occur when the flictions stemming from last month’s atroc- study of Vietnam-era prisoners of war, near- As the nation mourns its losses and wor- called CommunityWorks, said the most im- perceived danger persists over time and re- ities. ly two thirds said they were more content, ries about the future, some health experts portant ingredient in recovery is to remain mains unresolved. For instance, some re- point to recent, largely overlooked evidence stronger and wiser than they were before Statistics: Generally, 25 percent to 30 per- connected with other people — friends, fam- search on residents of neighborhoods known on the psychological impact of violence that cent of people exposed to serious trauma de- their captivity. ily, community members. Professional help to be polluted by toxic chemicals have found may encourage distraught Americans: Most velop post-traumatic stress disorder, a con- “For individuals as well as communities is necessary in only the most extreme cases, higher than normal levels of anxiety, de- victims of trauma not only recover but say dition lasting months or years that is marked you can see alterations in their values, in she said, adding that holds true for Ameri- life was better and more meaningful than by agitation, fear, depression and other their orientations to life and a new direction cans who are troubled now. “The nation pression, high blood pressure and other before disaster struck. symptoms severe enough to disrupt a pa- into the future,” said Dr. Robert Ursano, chief doesn’t have to go into therapy,” she said. symptoms of stress. Research on many thousands of trauma- tient’s life. of psychiatry at the Uniformed Services Uni- There are five ways in which a person may Also, it’s early yet in the terrorism crisis. tized people, from prisoners of war to rape Some researchers specializing in trauma versity of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, grow after a trauma, Tedeschi said. They de- “Most of the psychological literature on cop- victims to those injured in car accidents, has expressed reluctance to discuss growth re- Md., and co-director of its Center for the velop a greater appreciation for life; deepen ing with traumatic stress focuses on how led hardened clinicians to appreciate human sponse so soon after the terrorist attacks, giv- Study of Traumatic Stress. spiritual beliefs; feel stronger and more ef- people deal with the aftermath,” said UCLA nature’s resilience. en that this new war is just beginning and Studies: Most people recover naturally, fective; grow closer to others; or pursue un- psychologist Shelley Taylor. “And we’re still “The bottom line is that people recover and the wounds to tens of thousands who have without therapists’ help, and do so fairly expected paths. in the midst of this.” go on to do amazing things with their lives,” lost loved ones are still raw. But others said quickly, Ursano said. For instance, in a study As an example of a life positively trans- Daniel Gilbert, a Harvard University psy- said Dr. Sandra Bloom, a psychiatrist who the findings offer encouragement to people of people in serious motor vehicle crashes, formed by trauma, he mentioned a patient chologist, said people are generally not good founded a Philadelphia hospital that treated who were directly affected as well as to the researchers found that 35 percent had post- who’d been a rock musician until paralyzed at forecasting their feelings. When they’re in some 7,000 trauma patients. millions made anxious watching television traumatic stress disorder after a month, in a car crash. He eventually became a reha- bad emotional shape they tend to think Work by Bloom and others delineates the coverage of the largest terrorist attacks in about 18 percent after six months, and 9 per- bilitation counselor, and he told Tedeschi that they’ll feel similarly in the future. He specu- large and small steps by which traumatized U.S. history. cent after a year. his new career was so fulfilling that the ex- lates that this negative forecasting bias de- individuals most commonly “transform ” In a soon-to-be published summary of the In a study by Ursano and co-workers of perience was all for the best. veloped because it’s useful, serving to over- misfortune into a life-enhancing event. Most research to date, Richard Tedeschi, a clinical military personnel who handled the bodies Another aspect of successful recovery is important, they say, is to strengthen social psychologist at the University of North Car- of sailors killed in the 1989 accidental ex- recognizing that life will never be quite the estimate risks and steer people away from ties and resist the temptation to withdraw olina in Charlotte, says more that half to two- plosion aboard the USS Iowa, 10 percent had same, researchers said. “After a trauma, you dangers. and brood. thirds of victims studied say they benefited symptoms of the stress disorder after a don’t go back,” said Bloom. “It can never be But that also means they tend to underes- On a broader scale, social psychologists from the trauma in some way. And every in- month, but none had symptoms after a year. undone, and you have to find meaning in the timate their capacity to recover, he said. “It’s who have studied towns devastated by hur- dication is that they initially endured as Experts say it’s hard to predict who will event, build a new future. And to do that you not that things don’t hurt,” he said. “It’s that ricanes or floods refer to “disaster rebound,” much pain as people who didn’t fully recov- bounce back, but they can identify some of have to grieve first for what is lost and what they don’t hurt quite as long or as much as the process of rebuilding a community so its er, he said. the most distinguishing characteristics of re- has changed.” we think they’re going to.”