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Research to Identify the Impacts and Opportunities for Māori from Recent Changes to Social Housing Provision

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Research to Identify the Impacts and Opportunities for Māori from Recent Changes to Social Housing Provision Research to Identify the Impacts and Opportunities for Māori from recent changes to social housing provision For Te Puni Kōkiri Prepared by Charles Waldegrave, Anna Thompson, and Catherine Love Family Centre Social Policy Research Unit (FCSPRU) December 2013 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... i List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ............................................................................. iv Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... v Key findings .............................................................................................................. vi Changes to government provision of social housing for Māori ............................... vi Changes to Māori provision of social housing...................................................... viii The importance of whānau and whenua in social housing ...................................... x Key recommendations ........................................................................................... xi Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Aims of the research ............................................................................................. 1 Outline of the report............................................................................................... 2 Section one: Overview of the Social Housing Reform Programme ............................... 4 Changes to HNZC provision of social housing .......................................................... 4 Change outcomes ................................................................................................. 5 Changes to third-party social housing provision policy .............................................. 6 Section two: Literature review ...................................................................................... 7 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 7 Importance of housing ........................................................................................... 7 Housing Concepts for Māori .................................................................................. 7 Housing in New Zealand ....................................................................................... 8 Housing Affordability ............................................................................................. 8 Housing quality .....................................................................................................10 Social housing in New Zealand ............................................................................10 Housing and social outcomes: Health and Education ...........................................12 Meeting social housing needs through renewal and redevelopment .....................14 Māori and Social housing .....................................................................................16 Summary ..............................................................................................................17 Section three: Research overview ...............................................................................19 Aims and objectives of report ...................................................................................19 Methodology ............................................................................................................20 Table 1: Fieldwork locations and details ...............................................................20 Case study overview ................................................................................................22 Glen Innes ............................................................................................................23 HNZC properties in Glen Innes and Panmure at March 2013 ...............................23 Pomare ................................................................................................................27 i HNZC stock in Taita North at March 2013 ............................................................27 Maraenui ..............................................................................................................30 Housing New Zealand properties in Maraenui at March 2013 ..............................30 Fordlands .............................................................................................................32 HNZC properties in Fordlands at March 2013 ......................................................32 Western Bay of Plenty (WBOP) ............................................................................33 HNZC stock Western Bay of Plenty and Tauranga at March 2013 .......................34 Kaitaia ..................................................................................................................38 HNZC stock Northland at March 2013 ..................................................................38 Section four: Social Housing Reform Changes to HNZC .............................................42 Impacts of and attitudes towards changes in state provision of Social Housing .......42 Positive impacts .......................................................................................................42 Positive Impacts from redevelopment in Glen Innes and Pomare .........................42 Positive impacts in Maraenui and Fordlands ........................................................45 Negative impacts .....................................................................................................47 Negative impacts from redevelopment in Glen Innes and Pomare .......................48 Negative Impacts in Maraenui and Fordlands.......................................................52 Concerns .................................................................................................................57 Concerns about aims ...........................................................................................57 Concerns about process: Engagement and communication .................................60 Responses and support ...........................................................................................65 Summary .................................................................................................................66 Section five: Social and affordable housing provision by Māori organisations..............68 Introduction ..............................................................................................................68 Vision for Māori social housing ................................................................................68 Impacts ....................................................................................................................70 Barriers to social housing development ...................................................................72 Keys to success .......................................................................................................75 Summary .................................................................................................................77 Section six: Discussion of Findings .............................................................................78 Changes to HNZC social housing provision for Māori ..............................................78 Social and affordable housing provision by Māori organisations ..............................81 Māori attitudes to land and kaitiakitanga ..................................................................82 Hapū ........................................................................................................................83 Gang Issues ............................................................................................................83 Housing policy and Māori .........................................................................................84 Section seven: Recommendations and conclusions ....................................................86 Recommendations ...................................................................................................86 ii Conclusions .............................................................................................................88 References ..................................................................................................................90 Appendix A: Question Lines ........................................................................................97 Appendix B: HNZC properties in case study locations ............................................... 105 Appendix C: Māori Social housing providers in Northland and WBOP ....................... 106 iii List of Abbreviations and Acronyms CHRANZ Centre for Housing Research Aotearoa New Zealand FCSPRU Family Centre Social Policy Research Unit HNZC Housing New Zealand Corporation IRR Income Related Rent IRRS Income Related Rent Subsidies JAG Joint Agency Working Group MBIE Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment MSD Ministry of Social Development SHAZ Special Housing Action Zones SHRP Social Housing Reform Programme SHU Social Housing Unit TPK Te Puni Kōkiri TRC Tāmaki Redevelopment Company Limited WBOP Western Bay of Plenty iv Executive Summary This study examines the impacts and opportunities for Māori from recent changes
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