Bulletin 120 November 2004
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COVER BUL-120 1/11/05 10:05 AM Page 1 www.esa.int number 120 - november 2004 Member States Etats membres Austria Allemagne Belgium Autriche Denmark Belgique Finland Danemark France Espagne Germany Finlande Ireland France Italy Irlande Netherlands Italie Norway Norvège Portugal Pays-Bas Spain Portugal Sweden Royaume-Uni Switzerland Suède SPACE FOR EUROPE United Kingdom Suisse Cassini-Huygens Closes in on Titan for Europe ESA bulletin 120 november 2004 Years of Space Contact: ESA Publications Division c/o ESTEC, PO Box 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands Tel (31) 71 565 3400 - Fax (31) 71 565 5433 Visit ESA Publications at: http://www.esa.int 40 european space agency Editorial/Circulation Office ESA Publications Division ESTEC, PO Box 299, Noordwijk The European Space Agency was formed out of and took over the rights and obligations of, the two earlier European Space Organisations – the 2200 AG The Netherlands European Space Research Organisation (ESRO) and the European Organisation for the Development and Construction of Space Vehicle Launchers Tel.: (31) 71.5653400 (ELDO). The Member States are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Editors Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Canada is a Cooperating State. Bruce Battrick Barbara Warmbein In the words of its Convention: the purpose of the Agency shall be to provide for and to promote for exclusively peaceful purposes, co-operation among Layout European States in space research and technology and their space applications, with a view to their being used for scientific purposes and for operational Isabel Kenny space applications systems: Advertising (a) by elaborating and implementing a long-term European space policy, by recommending space objectives to the Member States, and by concerting Barbara Warmbein the policies of the Member States with respect to other national and international organisations and institutions; The ESA Bulletin is published by the European Space (b) by elaborating and implementing activities and programmes in the space field; Agency. Individual articles may be reprinted provided (c) by co-ordinating the European space programme and national programmes, and by integrating the latter progressively and as completely as the credit line reads ‘Reprinted from ESA Bulletin’, plus date of issue. Signed articles reprinted must bear the possible into the European space programme, in particular as regards the development of applications satellites; author’s name. Advertisements are accepted in good (d) by elaborating and implementing the industrial policy appropriate to its programme and by recommending a coherent industrial policy to the faith; the Agency accepts no responsibility for their Member States. content or claims. Copyright © 2004 European Space Agency The Agency is directed by a Council composed of representatives of the Member States. The Director General is the chief executive of the Agency and Printed in the Netherlands ISSN 0376-4265 its legal representative. The ESA HEADQUARTERS are in Paris. The major establishments of ESA are: THE EUROPEAN SPACE RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY CENTRE (ESTEC), Noordwijk, Netherlands. THE EUROPEAN SPACE OPERATIONS CENTRE (ESOC), Darmstadt, Germany ESRIN, Frascati, Italy. Chairman of the Council: P. Tegnér Director General: J.-J. Dordain agence spatiale européenne L’Agence Spatiale Européenne est issue des deux Organisations spatiales européennes qui l’ont précédée – l’Organisation européenne de recherches spatiales (CERS) et l’Organisation européenne pour la mise au point et la construction de lanceurs d’engins spatiaux (CECLES) – dont elle a repris les droits et obligations. Les Etats membres en sont: l’Allemagne, l’Autriche, la Belgique, le Danemark, l’Espagne, la Finlande, la France, l’Irlande, l’Italie, la Norvège, les Pays-Bas, le Portugal, le Royaumi-Uni, la Suède et la Suisse. Le Canada bénéficie d’un statut d’Etat coopérant. Selon les termes de la Convention: l’Agence a pour mission d’assurer et de développer, à des fins exclusivement pacifiques, la coopération entre Etats européens dans les domaines de la recherche et de la technologie spatiales et de leurs applications spatiales, en vue de leur utilisation à des fins scientifiques et pour des systèmes spatiaux opérationnels d’applications: (a) en élaborant et en mettant en oeuvre une politique spatiale européenne à long terme, en recommandant aux Etats membres des objectifs en Cover: Saturn’s moon Titan as seen by Cassini-Huygens matière spatiale et en concertant les politiques des Etats membres à l’égard d’autres organisations et institutions nationales et internationales; on 26 October 2004. See article on page 11. (b) en élaborant et en mettant en oeuvre des activités et des programmes dans le domaine spatial; (c) en coordonnant le programme spatial européen et les programmes nationaux, et en intégrant ces derniers progressivement et aussi complètement que possible dans le programme spatial européen, notamment en ce qui concerne le développement de satellites d’applications; (d) en élaborant et en mettant en oeuvre la politique industrielle appropriée à son programme et en recommandant aux Etats membres une politique industrielle cohérente. L’Agence est dirigée par un Conseil, composé de représentants des Etats membres. Le Directeur général est le fonctionnaire exécutif supérieur de l’Agence et la représente dans tous ses actes. Le SIEGE de l’Agence est à Paris. Les principaux Etablissements de l’Agence sont: LE CENTRE EUROPEEN DE RECHERCHE ET DE TECHNOLOGIE SPATIALES (ESTEC), Noordwijk, Pays-Bas. LE CENTRE EUROPEEN D’OPERATIONS SPATIALES (ESOC), Darmstadt, Allemagne. ESRIN, Frascati, Italy Président du Conseil: P. Tegnér Directeur général: J.-J. Dordain www.esa.int 11 23 29 High Ambitions for an Mapping Forest-Fire Following the Tour de France Outstanding Planetary Mission: Damage with Envisat with EGNOS Cassini-Huygens 35 40 49 Sharing ESA’s Knowledge Modelling Launcher Enlarging ESA? and Experience Aerothermodynamics bulletin 120 - november 2004 Contents Foreword Enlarging ESA? Jean-Jacques Dordain 6 – After the Accession of Luxembourg and Greece Jean-Pol Poncelet, Anabela Fonseca-Colomb & Giulio Grilli 49 High Ambitions for an Outstanding Planetary Mission: Cassini-Huygens ESA’s Industrial Policy after the FINPOL Initiative Jean-Pierre Lebreton et al. 11 Eros Pittarelli 55 Mapping Forest-Fire Damage with Envisat ESA’s New Approach to Facility Management Federico González-Alonso et al. 23 Angelo Bodini et al. 57 Following the Tour de France with EGNOS The 35th COSPAR Assembly Dominique Detain, Michel Tossaint & Jaron Samson 29 – A Record-Breaking Success Jean-Paul Paille 62 Sharing ESA’s Knowledge and Experience – The Erasmus Experiment Archive Programmes in Progress 68 Dieter Isakeit, Massimo Sabbatini & William Carey 35 News – In Brief 84 Modelling Launcher Aerothermodynamics – A Vital Capability for Space Transportation Publications 92 Richard Schwane et al. 40 www.esa.int esa bulletin 120 - november 2004 1 Director General FOREWORD FOREWORD FOREWORD ESA’s Recent Achievements with Luxembourg having signed an accession Agreement in June, and Greece A great deal has been happening in the in July. They will become full working space world, particularly in the European members of the Agency next year and we context, since I last addressed the very much look forward to their active Bulletin’s readers. The last year has been a participation. The implications of their very busy and important one for ESA joining and of further possible future missions, especially within the Scientific enlargement of the Agency’s membership Programme. We have launched SMART-1, are addressed in detail in one of the articles which went into orbit around the Moon on in this issue of the Bulletin. 15 November, we are already orbiting Mars with Mars Express, we have launched Rosetta towards the comet, and ESA and the European Union the Huygens Probe will be landing on Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, in mid- ESA’s institutional relationship with the January. We have sent two European European Union has also progressed astronauts for stays onboard the substantially in 2004, with the Framework International Space Station (ISS) during Agreement signed in November having the year. We have also been preparing the been in force since May this year. This Ariane-5 ECA launcher for a new Agreement provides the foundation on Jean-Jacques Dordain qualification flight in January 2005. which to build joint activities with the EC. We also continue to work hard on Moreover, the new EU Treaty includes exploiting the vast amounts of data that our space among the Union’s competences, satellites are providing. We have 17 which is major step forward in that space is scientific satellites currently operating. On now regarded as a serious issue for the applications side, ERS-2 and Envisat Europe’s citizens and no longer just the continue to provide crucial and timely playground of a few inquisitive scientists Earth-observation and environmental data and wily engineers. ESA is mentioned in in this era of serious concern about global the new Treaty and this is highly warming. In early September, ESA hosted important, because it represents the first the 2004 Envisat and ERS Symposium and step towards what in Agenda 2007 I have there were more than one thousand called ‘legitimacy among the European scientists in attendance from 53 countries, Union institutions’. It is a small step for showing that the data from our satellites now, but a ‘giant leap’ for the future. In are being used by scientists not only from fact, the Commission’s White Paper on Europe, but from all over the World. Space has taken some of its inspiration The political perception of space has from Agenda 2007. improved a great deal in the last year, The latest step towards a closer working thanks in large part to the benefits that relationship between ESA and the EC is these data from our satellites are seen to be the setting up of a joint Secretariat, which providing. is already busy preparing for the first meeting of the joint Space Council, scheduled for 25 November this year.