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N France): a Key Site for the Ypresian-Lutetian Transition at Mid-Latitudes – Reassessment of the Boundary Criterion for the Base- Lutetian GSSP

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geodiversitas 2021 43 11 DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTOR : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Didier Merle ASSISTANT DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Emmanuel Côtez ([email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Emmanuel Côtez COMITÉ SCIENTIFIQUE / SCIENTIFIC BOARD : Christine Argot (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Beatrix Azanza (Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid) Raymond L. Bernor (Howard University, Washington DC) Alain Blieck (chercheur CNRS retraité, Haubourdin) Henning Blom (Uppsala University) Jean Broutin (Sorbonne Université, Paris, retraité) Gaël Clément (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Ted Daeschler (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphie) Bruno David (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Gregory D. Edgecombe (The Natural History Museum, Londres) Ursula Göhlich (Natural History Museum Vienna) Jin Meng (American Museum of Natural History, New York) Brigitte Meyer-Berthaud (CIRAD, Montpellier) Zhu Min (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pékin) Isabelle Rouget (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Sevket Sen (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, retraité) Stanislav Štamberg (Museum of Eastern Bohemia, Hradec Králové) Paul Taylor (The Natural History Museum, Londres, retraité) COUVERTURE / COVER : Réalisée à partir des Figures de l’article/Made from the Figures of the article. Geodiversitas est indexé dans / Geodiversitas is indexed in: – Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch®) – ISI Alerting Services® – Current Contents® / Physical, Chemical, and Earth Sciences® – Scopus® Geodiversitas est distribué en version électronique par / Geodiversitas is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Les articles ainsi que les nouveautés nomenclaturales publiés dans Geodiversitas sont référencés par / Articles and nomenclatural novelties published in Geodiversitas are referenced by: – ZooBank® (http://zoobank.org) Geodiversitas est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiquesdu Muséum, Paris Geodiversitas is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie, Comptes Rendus Palevol Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2021 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1280-9659/ ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1638-9395 The Mont-des-Récollets section (N France): a key site for the Ypresian-Lutetian transition at mid-latitudes – reassessment of the boundary criterion for the base- Lutetian GSSP Etienne STEURBAUT Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, OD Earth and History of Life, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 Brussel (Belgium) and Department of Earth, and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, B-3001 Leuven (Belgium) [email protected] (corresponding author) Dirk NOLF Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, OD Earth and History of Life, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 Brussel (Belgium) Submitted on 2 October 2018 | accepted on 20 January 2020 | published on 25 May 2021 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:07D1F5A8-98E2-40F1-A716-D25CB975EA4C Steurbaut E. & Nolf D. 2021. — The Mont-des-Récollets section (N France): a key site for the Ypresian-Lutetian transition at mid-latitudes — reassessment of the boundary criterion for the base-Lutetian GSSP. Geodiversitas 43 (11): 311-363. https://doi.org/10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a11. http://geodiversitas.com/43/11 ABSTRACT Re-excavation of the famous Mont-des-Récollets quarry in northern France and re-interpretation of the adjacent Cassel borehole have led to the reconstruction of one of the most complete Upper Ypresian and Lutetian stratigraphic successions of the southern North Sea Basin. It includes the entire suite of formations and members, from the top of the Hyon Sand Formation (top NP12) to the base of the Maldegem Formation (mid-NP15), originally defined in central Belgium, extending the lateral distribution of most of these units up to northern France. The similarity in lithofacies and calcareous nannofossil assemblages and the identification of in situ specimens of Nummulites laevigatus (Bruguière, 1792) and Campanile giganteum (Lamarck, 1804) at the Mont-des-Récollets bear witness to direct north-south connections between the Belgian Basin and the Paris Basin during Biochron NP14 and early Biochron NP15. However, direct connections have only been intermittent. During late Biochron NP12 and Biochron NP13, both basins became disconnected because of lowering of the global sea level in combination with uplift of the Paris Basin. The massively reworked large-sized N. laevigatus and the presence of N. laevigatus-bearing sandstone blocks and lignitic pebbles at the base of the Lede Formation indicate a major erosion phase at the NP14-NP15 Biochron transition in the Belgian Basin. This was probably due to uplift of the Brabant Massif. The new Mont-des-Récollets data, including the introduction of a new genus (Luminocanthus n. gen.) and ten new species (Blackites minusculus n. sp., Blackites praeinflatus n. sp., Luminocanthus eolutetiensis n. gen., n. sp., Luminocanthus plenilutetiensis n. gen., n. sp., Martiniaster cecellanoriae n. sp., Nannoturba joceliniae n. sp., Sphenoli- thus quadricornutus n. sp., Sphenolithus recolletensis n. sp., Trochoaster nodosus n. sp. and Trochastrites pyramidalis n. sp.) have allowed to substantially refine the calcareous nannofossil stratigraphy. The subdivision of Zone NP13 into 3 subzones (NP13-a to NP13-c) as well as the major nannofossil GEODIVERSITAS • 2021 • 43 (11) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.geodiversitas.com 311 Steurbaut E. & Nolf D. turnover at the base of Zone NP14 and the nine nannofossil-events within Zone NP14 have been recognised throughout the Belgian Basin. Several of these have been recorded in the Paris Basin, the Hampshire Basin and the Aquitaine Basin, highlighting their interbasinal correlation potential. The nannofossil data provide for the first time evidence that the base of the ‘Chaumont-en-Vexin sands’ (term informally introduced herein to designate the base of the historical Lutetian stratotype) and the base of Unit A4 in the upper Aalter Sand Fomation are coeval or nearly coeval. This is also the case for the base of the overlying units, the ‘Glauconie Grossière s.s.’ (as redefined in the Paris Basin by Blondeau in 1980) and the Brussel Sand Formation (‘Bruxellian’ as originally defined in Belgium by Dumont in 1839). This investigation and its continuation, detailed in a forthcoming study of the Brussel Sand Formation, also revealed that the internationally accepted base-Lutetian boundary criterion (lowest occurrence or LO of Blackites inflatus) is difficult to apply in the North Sea Basin because of the extreme rarity of this marker species (e.g. not recorded at the Mont-des-Récollets). Worst of all, its strict application would imply that the major part of the Brussel Sand Formation and both the ‘Chaumont-en-Vexin sands’ and the lower part of the overlying ‘Glauconie Grossière s.s.’, base of the historical Lutetian stratotype, should be of Ypresian age, which is a contradictio in KEY WORDS terminis. To resolve this contradiction, it is suggested to amend the original criterion (LO of B. infla- France, Mont-des-Récollets, tus), proved to be inadequate at middle and high latitudes and diachronous at low latitudes, and to lithostratigraphy, replace it by the lowest occurrence (LO) of Discoaster sublodoensis. The latter is part of a major calcare- biostratigraphy, calcareous nannofossils, ous nannofossil turnover (= BALCAT-event), which has been identified at the base of the historical Ypresian-Lutetian Lutetian stratotype. This new proposal would mean that the base of the Lutetian should be lowered transition, down in the Gorrondatxe GSSP, probably by about 130 m (c. 1.3 Myr), to a level within the middle new genus, new combination, of Chron C22n, around 800 kyr earlier than the LO of Turborotalia frontosa. If this is the case, then new species. the base would range in age between 49.11 Ma and 49.20 Ma, depending on the age model used. RÉSUMÉ La coupe du Mont-des-Récollets (N de la France) : un site-clé pour la transition Yprésien-Lutétien aux latitudes moyennes – réévaluation du critère du GSSP de la base du Lutétien. De nouvelles fouilles dans la célèbre carrière du Mont-des-Récollets, dans le nord de la France, asso- ciées à la réinterprétation du sondage de Cassel adjacent, ont permis de reconstituer une succession stratigraphique d’âge Yprésien supérieur et Lutétien, parmi les plus complètes de la partie méridionale du Bassin de la Mer du Nord. Cette succession comprend l’entièreté des formations et membres, à partir de la Formation d’Hyon (sommet de la zone NP12) jusqu’à la Formation de Maldegem (milieu de la zone NP15), tous originellement définis dans le centre de la Belgique. Cela montre pour la première fois que la plupart de ces unités s’étendent jusqu’au nord de la France. La similitude des lithofaciès et assemblages à nannofossiles calcaires, ainsi
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    DESTINATION CŒUR DE FLANDRE Ne cherchez plus, VOUS ÊTES AU BON ENDROIT ! LE MAGAZINE Dossier DÉCOUVERTES UN ÉTÉ EN CŒUR DE FLANDRE FESTIVITÉS PORTRAITS ART DE VIVRE #10 ÉTÉ 2019 1 www.coeurdeflandre.fr D 916 A B C D Bambecque E F G H I DestinationDrincham Cœur de Flandre D 928 DUNKERQUE Eringhem D 4 N 8 Zegerscappel Esquelbecq Herzeele Proven D 17 Wormhout 1 D 11 D 17 D 17 Houtkerque N 369 L’ Yser D 17 N 308 N 38 N 321 D 947 GENT Bollezeele N 333 KORTRIJK D 916 N 38 Haende Becque Vleeterbeek A 25 - E42 D 137 Poperinge Ledringhem N 308 Merckeghem D 928 N 38 D 18 Watou D 37 D 11 Le Droogland Winnezeele Volckerinckhove Oudezeele Saint- N 37 Rubrouck Peene Becque Ieper D 52 Laurent D 211 N 304 Arnèke N 333 (Ypres) 2 Broxeele Le Cygne D 916 D 218 N 336 Zermezeele D 37 Lijssenthoek Dikkebus D 947 Lederzeele D 426 Hardifort N 38 Le Peckel Le Ryveld Ey Becque D 137 D 18 N 375 Ochtezeele GR 128 Reningelst D 26 Callicanes D 11 D 338 Le Menegat Wemaers- N 373 Steenvoorde N 315 Cappel D 948 BELGIË Balenberg 70 m D 10 D 138 D 26 D 916 D 18 D 139 Cassel D 948 Boeschèpe BELGIQUE Noordpeene D 138 Le Tom Terdeghem Westouter 62 m Mont de Buysscheure Mont des GR 128 Godewaersvelde Mont Boeschepe Mont N 304 Récollets159 m D 37 Zuytpeene A GR 128 Cassel176 m 2 Kokereel D 138 D 916 D 947 5 Mont N 331 - 3 E 87 m D 139 des Cats Bavinchove 4 Kemmel Oxelaëre Sainte-Marie-Cappel 2 N 365 Eecke 164 m Berthen D 139 N 375 Clairmarais D 223 Les Trois-Rois D 933 Saint-Sylvestre-Cappel D 18 D 138 Mont Noir D 933 159 m Mesen N 314 D 161 Saint-Jans- Cappel Caëstre D 318