DOCSLIB.ORG

Norman Y. Mineta Papers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Norman Y. Mineta Papers http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf938nb3m0 No online items Gabriela A. Montoya Japanese American National Museum 100 North Central Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90012 Phone: (213) 830-5615 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.janm.org/ © 2011 Japanese American National Museum. All rights reserved. 2003.229.1 1 Finding aid for the Norman Y. Mineta papers Collection number: 96.370 Japanese American National Museum Los Angeles, California Processed by: Pui-Ching Ho Date Completed: 1999 Encoded by: Gabriela A. Montoya © 1999 Japanese American National Museum. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: Norman Y. Mineta papers Dates: 1975-1996 Languages: English Collection number: 2003.229.1 Creator: Mineta, Norman Y. Collection Size: 45 linear feet Repository: Japanese American National Museum (Los Angeles, Calif.) Los Angeles, California 90012 Abstract: Norman Yoshio Mineta (1931-) was the first Japanese American to serve as Mayor of a major American city and the first from the continental United States to be elected to Congress. Spanning from 1975 to 1996, this collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, government publications, speeches, newspaper clippings, books, briefings, photographs, video and audio recordings, and meeting notes. These materials document Congressman Mineta's involvement in the redress movement. Also included are some non-redress materials related to civil rights issues, especially as they pertain to Asian Americans and Americans from the Pacific Islands, as well as materials that document his campaign activities. Physical location: Japanese American National Museum 100 North Central Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90012 Access Collection is open for research by appointment only. Please contact the Japanese American National Museum Collections Management and Access Unit by email ([email protected]) or telephone (213-830-5615). Publication Rights All requests for permission to publish, reproduce, or quote from materials in this collection must be submitted to the Collections Management and Access Unit at the Japanese American National Museum ([email protected]). Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Norman Y. Mineta papers. 96.370, Japanese American National Museum. Los Angeles, CA. Biography / Administrative History Norman Yoshio Mineta was the first Japanese American to serve as Mayor of a major American city and the first from the continental United States to be elected to Congress. Mineta was born in San Jose, California on November 12, 1931. During World War II, he and other Japanese Americans living on the West Coast were incarcerated in concentration camps because of their ancestry. Mineta and his family were interned at the Heart Mountain concentration camp in Wyoming from 1942 to 1945. Upon returning from camp, he graduated from San Jose High School in 1949 and the University of California, Berkeley in 1953. After college, Mineta served in the United States Army from 1953-56. After he left the Army, he went into the family insurance business. Mineta began his career in politics in 1962 as a member of the San Jose Human Relations Commission and served on the Board of Directors for the San Jose Housing Authority in 1966. In 1967, he was elected to the San Jose City Council and later served as Mayor from 1971 to 1974. In 1974, Mineta was elected to the United States House of Representatives. 2003.229.1 2 During his tenure in Congress, Mineta was appointed to the position of Democratic Deputy Whip and became a member of the Democratic Steering and Policy Committee. He also served on the Public Works and Transportation Committee, chairing four of the six subcommittees: Surface Transportation, Aviation, Investigations and Oversight, and Public Buildings and Grounds. He authored the Airport and Airways Safety and Capacity Expansion Act of 1987, the Hazardous Material Transportation Uniform Safety Amendments of 1990 and the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. Because of his long-standing efforts, Mineta was elected Chair of the Public Works and Transportation Committee in 1993. After serving nine terms, Mineta left office in 1995 to accept a position as senior vice president of Lockheed Martin IMS. Perhaps Mineta's greatest legacy in Congress was his work on redress for Japanese Americans who were interned in concentration camps during World War II. As a ten year old boy in 1942, Mineta and his family were forced to leave their home in San Jose and were detained in the Heart Mountain concentration camp. Like other Japanese Americans living on the West Coast, the Mineta family lost a great deal due to the incarceration: they gave away most of their possessions since they could only take to camp what they could physically carry; their savings account at the Yokohama Bank was frozen by the government; and they were forced to sell their family insurance agency in San Jose. These personal experiences of internment would later influence Mineta to become an important force in Congress for redress legislation. The redress movement was a grassroots movement that began in the Japanese American community in the 1970s. By 1978, many Japanese American activists were pushing for legislation which demanded that the government pay each former camp internee $25,000 and formally apologize for injustices committed during World War II. In 1979, Mineta and three other Nikkei congressmen, Senators Daniel Inouye and Masayuki "Spark" Matsunaga of Hawai'i, and Representative Robert Matsui of California, met with leaders of the Japanese American community to discuss the possibility of redress for Japanese Americans. After much discussion, the group recommended that a formal commission be formed to investigate the justification for the camps to determine if redress was an appropriate remedy. In 1980, President Jimmy Carter signed Public Law 96-317 which created the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC). The CWRIC held pubic hearings throughout the nation and concluded that the interment was a result of "race prejudice, wartime hysteria, and a lack of political leadership." They also recommended that the government issue a formal apology and pay each surviving internee $20,000 in redress. Acting on the CWRIC recommendations, Mineta and the other Nikkei Congressmen sponsored several redress bills in the 1980s and lobbied fellow members of Congress for support. On September 17, 1987, the 200th anniversary of the United States Constitution, the redress bill HR 442 was passed in the House of Representatives by a vote of 243 to 141. Later, the Senate passed its version of the redress bill S 1009 on April 20, 1988. On August 10, 1988, President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act of 1988 which called for a formal apology and $20,000 in compensation to each survivor of the concentration camps. At a tribute dinner held in his honor in 1995, Mineta recalled the privilege of signing HR 442 after it had passed the House of Representatives: "There has never been a moment when I loved this country more," he said. Redress was " the best expression of what this nation can be and the power of government to heal and make right what was wrong." Scope and Content of Collection The papers of Congressman Norman Y. Mineta cover the period from 1975 to 1996 and measure approximately 45 linear feet. This collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, government publications, speeches, newspaper clippings, books, briefings, photographs, video and audio recordings, and meeting notes. These materials document Congressman Mineta's involvement in the redress movement. Also included are some non-redress materials related to civil rights issues, especially as they pertain to Asian Americans and Americans from the Pacific Islands, as well as materials that document his campaign activities. Mineta's office staff selected materials to donate to the Japanese American National Museum, therefore, the Museum holds only a part of Mineta's congressional office files. Arrangement Series 1: General Office Files, 1975-1996: The bulk of the Mineta collection comprises general office files. This series of materials consists of correspondence, memoranda, newspaper clippings, news releases, and photocopies of testimony transcripts, drafts and final copies of House of Representatives and Senate bills, program brochures, and meeting notes mostly documenting Mineta's efforts and involvement on behalf of Japanese American redress. However, there are also some non-redress materials relating to race relations, racism and other Asian American affairs. In this series, files are arranged alphabetically by subject, and then chronologically or alphabetically within each topic. Series 2: Publicity Files, 1981-1995: Mineta's testimonies, speeches, news releases, and memoranda regarding his television and radio interviews have been grouped together and arranged in chronological order. Series 3: Government Publications, 1980-1992: Government documents include committee prints, issues of the Congressional Record and Federal Register, and transcripts of hearings. These have been arranged alphabetically by type, and then chronologically within each type. 2003.229.1 3 Series 4: Press Clippings, 1981-1992: The press clipping files, which focus on the development of the House of Representatives Bill, H.R. 442, have been arranged chronologically. Series 5: Printed Materials, 1955,1969,1976-1994: Books, articles, and other background materials related to the redress movement have been grouped together and arranged
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Utah Curriculum Units* * Download Other Enduring Community Units (Accessed September 3, 2009)
    ENDURING COMMUNITIES Utah Curriculum Units* * Download other Enduring Community units (accessed September 3, 2009). Gift of the Nickerson Family, Japanese American National Museum (97.51.3) All requests to publish or reproduce images in this collection must be submitted to the Hirasaki National Resource Center at the Japanese American National Museum. More information is available at http://www.janm.org/nrc/. 369 East First Street, Los Angeles, CA 90012 Tel 213.625.0414 | Fax 213.625.1770 | janm.org | janmstore.com For project information, http://www.janm.org/projects/ec Enduring Communities Utah Curriculum Writing Team RaDon Andersen Jennifer Baker David Brimhall Jade Crown Sandra Early Shanna Futral Linda Oda Dave Seiter Photo by Motonobu Koizumi Project Managers Allyson Nakamoto Jane Nakasako Cheryl Toyama Enduring Communities is a partnership between the Japanese American National Museum, educators, community members, and five anchor institutions: Arizona State University’s Asian Pacific American Studies Program University of Colorado, Boulder University of New Mexico UTSA’s Institute of Texan Cultures Davis School District, Utah 369 East First Street Los Angeles, CA 90012 Tel 213.625.0414 Fax 213.625.1770 janm.org | janmstore.com Copyright © 2009 Japanese American National Museum UTAH Table of Contents 4 Project Overview of Enduring Communities: The Japanese American Experience in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, and Utah Curricular Units* 5 Introduction to the Curricular Units 6 Topaz (Grade 4, 5, 6) Resources and References 34 Terminology and the Japanese American Experience 35 United States Confinement Sites for Japanese Americans During World War II 36 Japanese Americans in the Interior West: A Regional Perspective on the Enduring Nikkei Historical Experience in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Utah (and Beyond) 60 State Overview Essay and Timeline 66 Selected Bibliography Appendix 78 Project Teams 79 Acknowledgments 80 Project Supporters * Download other Enduring Community units (accessed September 3, 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparison of the Japanese American Internment Experience in Hawaii and Arkansas Caleb Kenji Watanabe University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 12-2011 Islands and Swamps: A Comparison of the Japanese American Internment Experience in Hawaii and Arkansas Caleb Kenji Watanabe University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Asian American Studies Commons, Other History Commons, and the Public History Commons Recommended Citation Watanabe, Caleb Kenji, "Islands and Swamps: A Comparison of the Japanese American Internment Experience in Hawaii and Arkansas" (2011). Theses and Dissertations. 206. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/206 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. ISLANDS AND SWAMPS: A COMPARISON OF THE JAPANESE AMERICAN INTERNMENT EXPERIENCE IN HAWAII AND ARKANSAS ISLANDS AND SWAMPS: A COMPARISON OF THE JAPANESE AMERICAN INTERNMENT EXPERIENCE IN HAWAII AND ARKANSAS A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History By Caleb Kenji Watanabe Arkansas Tech University Bachelor of Arts in History, 2009 December 2011 University of Arkansas ABSTRACT Comparing the Japanese American relocation centers of Arkansas and the camp systems of Hawaii shows that internment was not universally detrimental to those held within its confines. Internment in Hawaii was far more severe than it was in Arkansas. This claim is supported by both primary sources, derived mainly from oral interviews, and secondary sources made up of scholarly research that has been conducted on the topic since the events of Japanese American internment occurred.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pulitzer Prizes 2020 Winne
    WINNERS AND FINALISTS 1917 TO PRESENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Excerpts from the Plan of Award ..............................................................2 PULITZER PRIZES IN JOURNALISM Public Service ...........................................................................................6 Reporting ...............................................................................................24 Local Reporting .....................................................................................27 Local Reporting, Edition Time ..............................................................32 Local General or Spot News Reporting ..................................................33 General News Reporting ........................................................................36 Spot News Reporting ............................................................................38 Breaking News Reporting .....................................................................39 Local Reporting, No Edition Time .......................................................45 Local Investigative or Specialized Reporting .........................................47 Investigative Reporting ..........................................................................50 Explanatory Journalism .........................................................................61 Explanatory Reporting ...........................................................................64 Specialized Reporting .............................................................................70
    [Show full text]
  • Enrolled Copy S.C.R. 7 1 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
    Enrolled Copy S.C.R. 7 1 CONCURRENT RESOLUTION URGING THE POSTMASTER 2 GENERAL TO ISSUE A COMMEMORATIVE POSTAGE 3 STAMP 4 2017 GENERAL SESSION 5 STATE OF UTAH 6 Chief Sponsor: Jani Iwamoto 7 House Sponsor: Dean Sanpei 8 Cosponsors: Lincoln Fillmore Ann Millner 9 J. Stuart Adams Wayne A. Harper Ralph Okerlund 10 Curtis S. Bramble Daniel Hemmert Brian E. Shiozawa 11 D. Gregg Buxton Deidre M. Henderson Jerry W. Stevenson 12 Jim Dabakis Lyle W. Hillyard Daniel W. Thatcher 13 Gene Davis David P. Hinkins Kevin T. Van Tassell 14 Margaret Dayton Don L. Ipson Evan J. Vickers 15 Luz Escamilla Karen Mayne 16 17 LONG TITLE 18 General Description: 19 This concurrent resolution urges the Postmaster General of the United States to issue a 20 commemorative postage stamp telling the inspiring story of the patriotic service of 21 Japanese Americans during World War II. 22 Highlighted Provisions: 23 This resolution: 24 < highlights the service of Japanese Americans during World War II; and 25 < urges the Postmaster General to issue a commemorative postage stamp that would 26 feature the National Japanese American Memorial to Patriotism. 27 Special Clauses: 28 None S.C.R. 7 Enrolled Copy 29 30 Be it resolved by the Legislature of the state of Utah, the Governor concurring therein: 31 WHEREAS, over 33,000 Nisei (second-generation Japanese Americans), including 32 citizens of Utah, served with honor in the United States Army during World War II; 33 WHEREAS, as described in the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, "race prejudice, war 34 hysteria, and a failure of
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 8 Manzanar
    CHAPTER 8 MANZANAR Introduction The Manzanar Relocation Center, initially referred to as the “Owens Valley Reception Center”, was located at about 36oo44' N latitude and 118 09'W longitude, and at about 3,900 feet elevation in east-central California’s Inyo County (Figure 8.1). Independence lay about six miles north and Lone Pine approximately ten miles south along U.S. highway 395. Los Angeles is about 225 miles to the south and Las Vegas approximately 230 miles to the southeast. The relocation center was named after Manzanar, a turn-of-the-century fruit town at the site that disappeared after the City of Los Angeles purchased its land and water. The Los Angeles Aqueduct lies about a mile to the east. The Works Progress Administration (1939, p. 517-518), on the eve of World War II, described this area as: This section of US 395 penetrates a land of contrasts–cool crests and burning lowlands, fertile agricultural regions and untamed deserts. It is a land where Indians made a last stand against the invading white man, where bandits sought refuge from early vigilante retribution; a land of fortunes–past and present–in gold, silver, tungsten, marble, soda, and borax; and a land esteemed by sportsmen because of scores of lakes and streams abounding with trout and forests alive with game. The highway follows the irregular base of the towering Sierra Nevada, past the highest peak in any of the States–Mount Whitney–at the western approach to Death Valley, the Nation’s lowest, and hottest, area. The following pages address: 1) the physical and human setting in which Manzanar was located; 2) why east central California was selected for a relocation center; 3) the structural layout of Manzanar; 4) the origins of Manzanar’s evacuees; 5) how Manzanar’s evacuees interacted with the physical and human environments of east central California; 6) relocation patterns of Manzanar’s evacuees; 7) the fate of Manzanar after closing; and 8) the impact of Manzanar on east central California some 60 years after closing.
    [Show full text]
  • A Conversation on Japanese American Incarceration & Its Relevance to Today
    CONVERSATION KIT Courtesy of the National Archives Tuesday, May 17, 2016 1:00-2:00 pm EDT, 10:00-11:00 am PDT Smithsonian National Museum of American History Kenneth E. Behring Center IN WORLD WAR II NATIONAL YOUTH SUMMIT JAPANESE AMERICAN INCARCERATION 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I: INTRODUCTION TO THE NATIONAL SUMMIT . 3 Introduction . 3 Program Details . 4 Regional Summit Locations . 4 When, Where, and How to Participate . 4 Join the Conversation . 5 Central Questions . 6 Panelists and Participants . 7 Common Core State Standards . 9 National Standards for History . 10 SECTION II: LANGUAGE . 11 Statement on Terminology . 12 SECTION III: LESSON PLANS . 14 Lesson Plans and Resources on Japanese American Incarceration . 15 Lesson Ideas for Japanese American Incarceration and Modern Parallels . 17 SECTION IV: YOUTH LEADERSHIP AND TAKING ACTION . 18 What Can You Do? . 19 SECTION V: ADDITIONAL RESOURCES . .. 21 NATIONAL YOUTH SUMMIT JAPANESE AMERICAN INCARCERATION 3 SECTION I: INTRODUCTION TO THE NATIONAL SUMMIT Thank you for participating in the Smithsonian’s National Youth Summit on Japanese American Incarceration. This Conversation Kit is designed to provide you with lesson activities and ideas for leading group discussions on the issues surrounding Japanese American incarceration and their relevance today. This kit also provides details on ways to participate in the Summit. The National Youth Summit is a program developed by the National Museum of American History in collaboration with Smithsonian Affiliations. This program is funded by the Smithsonian’s Youth Access Grants. Pamphlet, Division of Armed Forces History, Office of Curatorial Affairs, National Museum of American History Smithsonian Smithsonian National Museum of American History National Museum of American History Kenneth E.
    [Show full text]
  • Lost Years 1942-46 Lost Years 1942-46
    THE LOST YEARS 1942-46 LOST YEARS 1942-46 Edited by Sue Kunitomi Embrey Moonlight Publications; Gidra, Inc., Los Angeles, California Photo by Boku Kodama In January, 1972, the California State Department of Parks and Recrea­ tion approved Manzanar as a historic landmark. The final wording as it appears on the plaque (see picture above) was agreed upon after a year of controversy and negotiations. The Manzanar Pilgrimage of April 14, 1973, dedicating the plaque, attracted over 1500 participants. Copyright ® 1972 by the Manzanar Committee All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form, without written permission from the Publisher. First Printing: March, 1972 Fourth Printing: May, 1982 Second Printing: June, 1972 Fifth Printing: November, 1987 Third Printing: March, 1976 Manzanar Committee, Los Angeles 1566 Curran Street Los Angeles, Calif. 90026 Printed in the United States of America TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Introduction 5 A Chronology of Evacuation and Relocation 15 Why It Happened Here by Roger Daniels 37 Manzanar, a poem by Michi 38 Life in a Relocation Center 44 Untitled Poem by James Shinkai 45 Segregation of Persons of Japanese Ancestry in Relocation Centers 51 Why Relocate? 56 Bibliography PHOTOGRAPHS cover Manzanar Cemetery Monument 4 Evacuees entering one of the camps 14 Sentry Tower 28-29 Barracks at Manzanar 36 Young men looking out behind Manzanar's barbed wire 48 Newspaper headlines before Evacuation 60 National Park Service historic plaque Cover: The Manzanar Cemetery monument designed and built by R.F. Kado, a landscape architect and stone mason, was completed in August, 1943.
    [Show full text]
  • Loyalty and Betrayal Reconsidered: the Tule Lake Pilgrimage
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository History ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 6-9-2016 "Yes, No, Maybe": Loyalty and Betrayal Reconsidered: The uleT Lake Pilgrimage Ella-Kari Loftfield Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hist_etds Recommended Citation Loftfield, Ella-Kari. ""Yes, No, Maybe": Loyalty and Betrayal Reconsidered: The uleT Lake Pilgrimage." (2016). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hist_etds/47 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in History ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ella-Kari Loftfield Candidate History Department This thesis is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Thesis Committee: Professor Melissa Bokovoy, Chairperson Professor Jason Scott Smith Professor Barbara Reyes i “YES, NO, MAYBE−” LOYALTY AND BETRAYAL RECONSIDERED: THE TULE LAKE PILGRIMAGE By Ella-Kari Loftfield B.A., Social Anthropology, Haverford College, 1985 THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts History The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico May, 2016 ii Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my father, Robert Loftfield whose enthusiasm for learning and scholarship knew no bounds. iii Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the support and encouragement of many people. Thanks to Peter Reed who has been by my side and kept me well fed during the entire experience. Thanks to the Japanese American National Museum for inviting me to participate in curriculum writing that lit a fire in my belly.
    [Show full text]
  • Theire Journal
    CONTENTS 20 A MUCKRAKING LIFE THE IRE JOURNAL Early investigative journalist provides relevant lessons TABLE OF CONTENTS By Steve Weinberg MAY/JUNE 2003 The IRE Journal 4 IRE gaining momentum 22 – 31 FOLLOWING THE FAITHFUL in drive for “Breakthroughs” By Brant Houston PRIEST SCANDAL The IRE Journal Globe court battle unseals church records, 5 NEWS BRIEFS AND MEMBER NEWS reveals longtime abuse By Sacha Pfeiffer 8 WINNERS NAMED The Boston Globe IN 2002 IRE AWARDS By The IRE Journal FAITH HEALER Hidden cameras help, 12 2003 CONFERENCE LINEUP hidden records frustrate FEATURES HOTTEST TOPICS probe into televangelist By MaryJo Sylwester By Meade Jorgensen USA Today Dateline NBC 15 BUDGET PROPOSAL CITY PORTRAITS Despite economy, IRE stays stable, Role of religion increases training and membership starkly different By Brant Houston in town profiles The IRE Journal By Jill Lawrence USA Today COUNTING THE FAITHFUL 17 THE BLACK BELT WITH CHURCH ROLL DATA Alabama’s Third World IMAM UPROAR brought to public attention By Ron Nixon Imam’s history The IRE Journal By John Archibald, Carla Crowder hurts credibility and Jeff Hansen on local scene The Birmingham News By Tom Merriman WJW-Cleveland 18 INTERVIEWS WITH THE INTERVIEWERS Confrontational interviews By Lori Luechtefeld 34 TORTURE The IRE Journal Iraqi athletes report regime’s cruelties By Tom Farrey ESPN.com ABOUT THE COVER 35 FOI REPORT Bishop Wilton D. Gregory, Paper intervenes in case to argue for public database president of the U. S. Conference By Ziva Branstetter of Catholic Bishops, listens to a Tulsa World question after the opening session of the conference.
    [Show full text]
  • Look Toward the Mountain, Episode 6 Transcript
    LOOK TOWARD THE MOUNTAIN, EPISODE 6 TRANSCRIPT ROB BUSCHER: Welcome to Look Toward the Mountain: Stories from Heart ​ Mountain Incarceration Camp, a podcast series about life inside the Heart ​ Mountain Japanese American Relocation Center in northwestern Wyoming during World War II. I’m your host, Rob Buscher. This podcast is presented by the Heart ​ ​ Mountain Wyoming Foundation and is funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities. ROB BUSCHER: The sixth episode titled “Organizing Resistance” will explore how the Japanese American tradition of organizing evolved in camp to become a powerful resistance movement that dominated much of the Heart Mountain experience in its later years. INTRO THEME ROB BUSCHER: For much of history, Japanese traditional society was governed by the will of its powerful military warlords. Although in principle the shogun and his vassal daimyo ruled by force, much of daily life within the clearly delineated class system of Japanese society relied on consensus-building and mutual accountability. Similar to European Feudalism, the Japanese Han system created a strict hierarchy that privileged the high-born samurai class over the more populous peasantry who made up nearly 95% of the total population. Despite their low rank, food-producing peasants were considered of higher status than the merchant class, who were perceived to only benefit themselves. ROB BUSCHER: During the Edo period, peasants were organized into Gonin-gumi - ​ ​ groups of five households who were held mutually accountable for their share of village taxes, which were paid from a portion of the food they produced. If their gonin-gumi did not meet their production quota, all the peasants in their group would be punished.
    [Show full text]
  • Living Voices Within the Silence Bibliography 1
    Living Voices Within the Silence bibliography 1 Within the Silence bibliography FICTION Elementary So Far from the Sea Eve Bunting Aloha means come back: the story of a World War II girl Thomas and Dorothy Hoobler Pearl Harbor is burning: a story of World War II Kathleen Kudlinski A Place Where Sunflowers Grow (bilingual: English/Japanese) Amy Lee-Tai Baseball Saved Us Heroes Ken Mochizuki Flowers from Mariko Rick Noguchi & Deneen Jenks Sachiko Means Happiness Kimiko Sakai Home of the Brave Allen Say Blue Jay in the Desert Marlene Shigekawa The Bracelet Yoshiko Uchida Umbrella Taro Yashima Intermediate The Burma Rifles Frank Bonham My Friend the Enemy J.B. Cheaney Tallgrass Sandra Dallas Early Sunday Morning: The Pearl Harbor Diary of Amber Billows 1 Living Voices Within the Silence bibliography 2 The Journal of Ben Uchida, Citizen 13559, Mirror Lake Internment Camp Barry Denenberg Farewell to Manzanar Jeanne and James Houston Lone Heart Mountain Estelle Ishigo Itsuka Joy Kogawa Weedflower Cynthia Kadohata Boy From Nebraska Ralph G. Martin A boy at war: a novel of Pearl Harbor A boy no more Heroes don't run Harry Mazer Citizen 13660 Mine Okubo My Secret War: The World War II Diary of Madeline Beck Mary Pope Osborne Thin wood walls David Patneaude A Time Too Swift Margaret Poynter House of the Red Fish Under the Blood-Red Sun Eyes of the Emperor Graham Salisbury, The Moon Bridge Marcia Savin Nisei Daughter Monica Sone The Best Bad Thing A Jar of Dreams The Happiest Ending Journey to Topaz Journey Home Yoshiko Uchida 2 Living Voices Within the Silence bibliography 3 Secondary Snow Falling on Cedars David Guterson Hotel on the Corner of Bitter and Sweet Jamie Ford Before the War: Poems as they Happened Drawing the Line: Poems Legends from Camp Lawson Fusao Inada The moved-outers Florence Crannell Means From a Three-Cornered World, New & Selected Poems James Masao Mitsui Chauvinist and Other Stories Toshio Mori No No Boy John Okada When the Emperor was Divine Julie Otsuka The Loom and Other Stories R.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Product Catalog
    FILMS | VIDEOS | ANIMATION | EXHIBITS | PUBLICATIONS | MULTI-MEDIA | ARCHIVES VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS PRODUCT CATALOG 2017-2018 CONTENTS 03 | Welcome 04 | About Visual Communications 06 | Product Highlights 10 | Speak Out for Justice Volumes 14 | Armed With a Camera Volumes 22 | Digital Histories Volumes 30 | VC Classics 32 | Hidden Treasures Series 34 | Documentary 36 | Narrative 37 | Graphic Film/Animation 38 | Video 43 | Filmmakers Development Program 47 | Other Works 48 | Multi-Media 49 | Photographic Exhibitions 51 | Publications 52 | Resources 54 | Rental and Sales Info 57 | Policies Oversize Image Credits: Cover: PAGE 10: Roy Nakano; PAGE 43: From HITO HATA: RAISE THE BANNER (1980) by Robert A. Nakamura and Duane Kubo (Visual Communications Photographic Archive) ALL OTHER IMAGES APPEARING IN THIS CATALOG: Courtesy The Visual Communications Photographic Archive PRODUCTION CREDITS: Project Producer: Shinae Yoon; Editor: Helen Kim; Copywriter: Jerome Academia, Helen Kim, Jeff Liu, Supachai Surongsain; Design and Layout: Abraham Ferrer; Digital Photo-imaging intern: Allison Nakamura 02 WELCOME The visual heritage of Visual Communications can be seen in the more than 100 films, videos, and multimedia productions created since the organization’s founding in 1970. Beginning with vanguard works filmed in Super 8mm, Visual Communications productions have been distinguished by their unerring fidelity to the stories and perspectives of Asian America. As evidenced within this catalog, this policy has continued as Visual Communications’ productions have transitioned from film and video to digital formats. As well, the stories being told through our various offerings reflect the ever-changing landscape of the Asian American and Pacific Islander communities, and introduces us to filmmakers and voices who have come of age in the 22 years since the first edition of this catalog.
    [Show full text]