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The Genus Hadruroides Pocock, 1893 (Scorpiones: Iuridae), in Peru: New Records and Descriptions of Six New Species

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The Genus Hadruroides Pocock, 1893 (Scorpiones: Iuridae), in Peru: New Records and Descriptions of Six New Species PUBLISHEDBYTHEAMERICANMUSEUMOFNATURALHISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3687, 56 pp., 28 figures, 2 tables June 25, 2010 The Genus Hadruroides Pocock, 1893 (Scorpiones: Iuridae), in Peru: New Records and Descriptions of Six New Species JOSE´ A. OCHOA1 AND LORENZO PRENDINI1 ABSTRACT We review the taxonomy of the Hadruroides Pocock, 1893 (Iuridae: Caraboctoninae), scorpions of Peru, describe six new species from the north of the country, and report new records of other poorly known species. The description of these species raises to 16 the number of described species in the genus, 13 of which occur in Peru. Four species inhabit dry forest in northern Peru: H. charcasus (Karsch, 1879); H. chinchaysuyu, n. sp.; H. geckoi, n. sp.; H. leopardus Pocock, 1900. Three species occur in inter-Andean valleys along the Cordillera: H. bustamantei Ochoa and Chaparro, 2008; H. carinatus Pocock, 1900; H. mauryi Francke and Soleglad, 1980. Six species inhabit desert along the Pacific coast: H. aguilari Francke and Soleglad, 1980; H. graceae, n. sp.; H. juanchaparroi, n. sp.; H. lunatus (L. Koch, 1867); H. tishqu, n. sp.; H. vichayitos, n. sp. Most species of Hadruroides have restricted distributions, except H. charcasus and H. lunatus, which are apparently more widely distributed. We consider it necessary to reassess all previous records of the latter two species, because we suspect several are based on misidentifications. INTRODUCTION pelin, 1905, together with Caraboctonus Pocock, 1893, a monotypic genus endemic to Hadruroides Pocock, 1893, is a small genus Chile (Francke and Soleglad, 1981; Prendini of Neotropical iurid scorpions, currently and Wheeler, 2005; Francke and Prendini, comprising 10 species (Maury, 1975; Francke 2008). Hadruroides has been reported from and Soleglad, 1980; Lourenc¸o, 1995; Sissom Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and and Fet, 2000; Ochoa and Chaparro, 2008), Venezuela (Karsch, 1879; Pocock, 1900; included in subfamily Caraboctoninae Krae- Mello-Leita˜o, 1945; Esquivel de Verde, 1968; 1 Scorpion Systematics Research Group, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY, 10024-5192 ([email protected]; [email protected]). Copyright E American Museum of Natural History 2010 ISSN 0003-0082 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3687 TABLE 1 Currently recognized species of the scorpion genus Hadruroides Pocock, 1893, with countries and departments or provinces from which they have been recorded Hadruroides aguilari Francke and Soleglad, 1980 Peru: Lima Hadruroides bustamantei Ochoa and Chaparro, 2008 Peru: Ayacucho, Huancavelica Hadruroides carinatus Pocock, 1900 Peru: Cajamarca Hadruroides charcasus (Karsch, 1879) Peru: Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes? Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp. Peru: Tumbes Hadruroides galapagoensis Maury, 1975 Ecuador: Gala´pagos Hadruroides geckoi, n. sp. Peru: Cajamarca Hadruroides graceae, n. sp. Peru: Ancash Hadruroides juanchararroi, n. sp. Peru: Trujillo, Ancash Hadruroides leopardus Pocock, 1900 Peru: Lambayeque Hadruroides lunatus (L. Koch, 1867) Peru: Lima Hadruroides maculatus (Thorell, 1876) Ecuador: Manabı´, Guayas Hadruroides mauryi Francke and Soleglad, 1980 Peru: Cusco Hadruroides tishqu, n. sp. Peru: Ancash (Isla Santa) Hadruroides udvardyi Lourenc¸o, 1995 Ecuador: Azuay, Loja Hadruroides vichayitos, n. sp. Peru: Piura Kinzelbach, 1973; Maury, 1975; Cekalovic, History Museum, London, U.K. (BMNH); 1983; Sissom and Fet, 2000), but is actually Ca´tedra de Diversidad Animal I, Facultad de restricted to Ecuador, Peru, northern Chile, Ciencias Exactas, Fı´sicas y Naturales, and several offshore islands, including the Universidad Nacional de Co´rdoba, Argen- Gala´pagos (Cekalovic, 1966; Maury, 1975; tina (CDA); Field Museum of Natural Francke and Soleglad, 1981; Ochoa, 2005; History, Chicago (FMNH); Museo Civico di unpubl. data). Species of Hadruroides inhabit Storia Naturale ‘‘Giacomo Doria,’’ Genova, inter-Andean valleys, Pacific desert, and dry Italy (MCSNG); Museo de Historia Natural, forest habitats. Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad In the present contribution, we describe six del Cusco, Peru (MHNC); Museo de Historia new species of Hadruroides from northern Natural, Universidad Nacional San Agustı´n, Peru, collected during recent fieldwork, and Arequipa, Peru (MUSA); Museo de Historia report new records of other poorly known Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de species. The description of these species raises San Marcos, Lima, Peru (MUSM); U.S. to 16 the number of described species in the National Museum of Natural History, Smith- genus. Thirteen of these occur in Peru (table 1; sonian Institution, Washington (USNM); figs. 1, 2). Museum fu¨r Naturkunde der Humboldt- Universita¨t, Berlin, Germany (ZMB); Zoolo- MATERIAL AND METHODS gisches Museum der Universita¨t Hamburg, Germany (ZMH). Most of the material reported here was Morphological terminology follows Vachon collected during the course of several field (1974) for trichobothrial nomenclature; expeditions to Peru in recent years, especially Vachon (1952) and Prendini (2000) for pedi- 2004 and 2008. Specimens were collected palp carinae, abbreviated as follows: inter- during the day by turning rocks or stones, nomedian (IM), dorsointernal (DI), dorsome- and at night by ultraviolet (UV) light detec- dian (DM), dorsoexternal (DE), externome- tion (Stahnke, 1972). Point-locality records dian (EM), ventroexternal (VE), ventrome- were georeferenced in the field with a portable dian (VM), ventrointernal (VI), dorsal patellar Garmin GPS V. process (DPP), ventral patellar process (VPP); Material is deposited in the following Stahnke (1970) for other characters; and a collections: American Museum of Natural modified version of Prendini (2004) for History, New York (AMNH); Natural metasomal carinae including carinae on ster- 2010 OCHOA AND PRENDINI: HADRUROIDES POCOCK, 1893 3 Fig. 1. Map of Peru, plotting known locality records of Hadruroides Pocock, 1893. Hadruroides aguilari Francke and Soleglad, 1980, solid circle. Hadruroides bustamantei Ochoa and Chaparro, 2008, squares. Hadruroides geckoi, n. sp., open triangle. Hadruroides graceae, n. sp., open circle. Hadruroides leopardus Pocock, 1900, diamonds. Hadruroides tishqu, n. sp., solid triangles. Hadruroides vichayitos, n. sp., star. 4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3687 Fig. 2. Map of Peru, plotting known locality records of Hadruroides Pocock, 1893. Hadruroides carinatus Pocock, 1900, open circles. Hadruroides charcasus (Karsch, 1879), solid squares. Hadruroides chinchaysuyu, n. sp., diamonds. Hadruroides juanchaparroi, n. sp., solid circles. Hadruroides lunatus (L. Koch, 1867), open squares. Hadruroides mauryi Francke and Soleglad, 1980, open triangles. Undetermined Hadruroides species, stars. 2010 OCHOA AND PRENDINI: HADRUROIDES POCOCK, 1893 5 nite VII and tergites, abbreviated as follows: DIAGNOSIS: The genus Hadruroides com- dorsolateral (DL), lateral supramedian prises small- to medium-sized scorpions, (LSM), median lateral (ML), lateral inframe- varying from ca. 30 mm, e.g., H. leopardus dian (LIM), ventrolateral (VL), ventrosubme- Pocock, 1900, and H. graceae, n. sp., to ca. dian (VSM), ventromedian (VM); terminology 80 mm in total length, e.g., H. charcasus for leg carinae follows that used for the (Karsch, 1879) (Maury, 1975). The most pedipalps. important diagnostic characters for the genus Measurements (in mm) were recorded and are as follows: cheliceral movable fingers, illustrations produced using a Nikon SMZ– internal surface with two subdistal teeth and 1500 stereomicroscope fitted with an ocular one prominent basal tooth; carapace anterior micrometer and camera lucida. Photographs margin slightly convex, with three pairs of under UV and visible light were taken using a lateral ocelli; sternum subpentagonal, with Y- Microptics ML-1000 digital-imaging system. shaped sulcus; pedipalp chela smooth, acar- Distribution maps were generated using inate in most species, except H. charcasus, in DIVA-GIS Version 5.4 (http://www.diva-gis. which granular carinae are present on internal org/) by superimposing georeferenced point- surface; chela movable finger, median denticle locality records on a digital elevation dataset row with six or seven median subrows of from the CGIAR Consortium for Spatial denticles and variable number of accessory Information (CGIAR-CSI; available at http:// denticles; neobothriotaxic major Type C srtm.csi.cgiar.org). trichobothrial pattern (Vachon, 1974): femur with three trichobothria (i, e, d); patella with 20: one internal (i), two dorsal (d1, 2), three SYSTEMATICS ventral (v1–3), v3 situated on external surface, and 14 external trichobothria (et1–3, est, em1–3, esb , eb ); chela with 26 trichobothria: 14 FAMILY IURIDAE THORELL, 1876 1, 2 1–5 on manus (Et1–5, Est, Esb, Eb1–3, V1–4) and 12 SUBFAMILY CARABOCTONINAE on fixed finger (Dt, Db, et, est, esb, eb, dt, dst, KRAEPELIN, 1905 dsb, db, it, ib); leg telotarsus with ventrome- dian row of spinule clusters (setaceous tufts); Hadruroides Pocock, 1893 metasomal segment V with complete, granular VL and VM carinae; telson slightly concave Telegonus: L. Koch, 1867 (part): 235. dorsally, with short aculeus; hemispermato- Hadrurus: Thorell, 1876 (part): 186; Karsch, 1879 (part): phore lamelliform, with elongated crest, ac- 135, 1881: 290; Boeris, 1889: 125. Caraboctonus: Pocock, 1893a (part): 92. companied externally by medial slit and one Hadruroides Pocock, 1893b: 306, 309, 329, 330, type free lobe,
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