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The Architecture of Light / by Sage Russell

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Limit of Liability / Disclaimer of Warranty While the author and the publisher of this book have made every effort in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the content. Nothing in this book should be construed as an endorsement, warranty, or guaranty by the author or publisher of any product, process, technique, system, or service. Users of this book are responsible for applying their own knowledge when using the information provided herein. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any loss of profit or other commercial damages arising from the use, application or adaptation of the information provided. The photographs, illustrations, diagrams and other information in this book have been compiled from many sources, both commercial and private. The author and publisher have made every effort to obtain permission from the original copyright holders. It is acknowledged by the author and publisher that all service marks, trademarks, and copyrighted images and graphics appear in this book for editorial purposes only and to the benefit of the service mark, trademark, or copyright holder, with no intention of infringing on that service mark, trademark, or copyright. Nothing in this book should be construed to imply that respective service mark, trademark, or copyright holder endorses or sponsors this book or any of its contents. Copyright © 2012 by Conceptnine, La Jolla, CA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the prior written permission of the publisher. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to Permissions, Conceptnine, 340 South Lemon Ave., #4545, Walnut, CA 91789 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Russell, Sage. The Architecture of Light / by Sage Russell. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN-13: 978-0-9800617-1-0 ISBN-10: 0-9800617-1-7 eBook ISBN: 978-0-9800617-4-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2012907632 1. Electric lighting. 2. Lighting, Architectural and decorative. I. Title ARC007010 2.1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 WELCOME TO THE SECOND EDITION. Wow! It is hard to believe it has been four years since the first copies of this book hit the shelves. I can’t express enough gratitude to all of the instructors, students, designers and just plain “light aficionados” out there who have joined The Architecture of Light family. I love your feedback and am thrilled to have such an enthusiastic audience. What’s new in the second edition? Besides new diagrams, design process ideas, sample projects and an expanded “basic luminaire” family, this second edition addresses the rapid changes that have affected the lighting design practice. Lighting design has been moving at a blistering pace over the last few years, primarily in the realms of code compliance, sustainable design, and of course light emitting diode (LED) technology. Energy codes and compliance The rolling wave of national and local energy compliance regulations has vastly expanded the responsibilities of the Lighting Designer. Expertise in these constantly changing codes is absolutely critical not only for outstanding design, but for efficiency in dealing with the documentation and third party software that demonstrate compliance. Whether it’s ASHRAE, DOE or your local codes, expertise is absolutely expected of the serious Lighting Designer. Sustainability incentives Projects of all scale and scope are pursuing the benefits that come from sustainable design. Between government sponsored incentives, life-cycle economic benefits and just plain pride of good design, there is no shortage of programs - well-known and obscure - to guide design direction. The EPA, DOE, Energy Star and the USGBC’s LEED programs provide resources and assistance for all manner of efficient design. Sustainability is a broad, fast-changing area of expertise that a good designer must stay on top of. Resources for researching code compliance and sustainability incentives can be found in Appendix B at the back of this book. Light source and Luminaire technologies The ways we convert electricity to visible light, and deliver that light to the designed environment have changed dramatically since the first printing of this text. Back then, LED’s were a work in progress; more useful for color changing effects than anything task related. HID luminaires were just beginning to make in-roads in color critical interior environments, and the incandescent source was not being pushed towards phased extinction. My how things have changed! Throughout this volume, you will see evidence of these ever-evolving technologies and best practices for implementing the latest generation of electric light sources and daylight technologies. So let’s get on with it… This second edition is designed to efficiently and enjoyably deliver a lighting design education that is immediately useful for the reader. It includes knowledge that eluded me until well into my professional career. I believe this text will make you a better designer, regardless of your design focus. But first… My heartfelt thanks to the exceptional people that made The Architecture of Light possible and assisted in creating this second edition: David DiLaura, for inspiring an unfailing interest in the science of illumination. Patrick Quigley, the inspiration behind all things choreography related. Greg Gorman, who taught me that light is responsible for beauty. Nancy Clanton, a driving force in spreading the word about light and the environment. Cynthia Burke, my longtime design colleague who gave me every opportunity to shine. Jennifer Luce, who shaped my idea of the design process. Chad Watters, Diane Borys, and Jenn Doran… The studio crew that kept lighting design fun. I would also like to extend special thanks to my editors. Without these dedicated souls, there is no doubt that the content and legibility of this text would have suffered greatly. In the same breath, I would like to absolve them of any responsibility for the information provided here. Any errors or erroneous content is solely the fault of the author. Lastly, This book is still dedicated to anyone who sits through my lectures or design presentations indulging my discussions about design, art, culture, food, travel and everything else. Thanks for being part of the Family, Sage Russell 2012 More teaching and learning resources can be found online at: WWW.LIGHTINGTEXTBOOK.COM Contents Part I:_The Fundamentals of Light Chapter 1 The Design Mentality Chapter 2 The Power and Purpose of Light Chapter 3 More Impact with Less Light Chapter 4 Adding Light in Layers Chapter 5 Physical Basics of Light Chapter 6 Physiology of Vision Chapter 7 The Color Science of Light Sources Chapter 8 Electric Light Sources Part II: Designing Light Chapter 9 Textures of Light Chapter 10 Shapes of Light Chapter 11 Location of the Light Source Chapter 12 Building Light from Darkness Chapter 13 Developing Lighting Ideas Chapter 14 A Shortcut to Concepts in Light Chapter 15 Lighting That Works Chapter 16 Designing with Daylight Chapter 17 Graphic Tools: Rendering and Light Maps Chapter 18 Lighting Units and Measurements Chapter 19 Understanding Illuminance Levels Chapter 20 Lighting Calculations Part III: Deliverables Chapter 21 Deciphering Manufacturers’ Literature_and Luminaire Cut Sheets Chapter 22 Selecting Luminaires: A Basic Family Chapter 23 Switching, Dimming and Control Systems Chapter 24 The Preliminary Lighting Layout “Redline” Chapter 25 Luminaire Schedules and Cut Sheets Chapter 26 The Lighting Plan Chapter 27 Lighting Layouts for Residential Spaces Chapter 28 Lighting Layouts for Commercial Spaces Chapter 29 Common Lighting Details Chapter 30 Daylight and Electric Light Integration Details Part IV: Final Thoughts on Design The Fundamental Lighting Design Process Green Design and Sustainability Designing with New Eyes Appendices Appendix A Glossary of Lighting Terms Appendix B Professional Organizations and Agencies Appendix C Descriptive Words for Lighting Appendix D Directory of Contributors and Other Manufacturers The Pitch Light is truly a designer’s medium. It is among the most powerful tools we have to affect change in how we perceive and experience the environment around us. Light belongs as a controllable tool of space design, just as form, scale, and material do. Light translates vision and it is vision that gives us a substantial portion of our experiences. This book delivers a unique training that makes designing with light an intuitive visual process that can deliver a whole new appreciation for the capabilities of architecture and design. Here, one will find a procedure for developing design ideas and the visual tools for translating those ideas. A designer armed with this type of understanding will be inspired and well- equipped to enrich the designed environment through the creative application of lighting design. This knowledge is for architects, landscape architects, interior designers, planners and lighting designers aspiring to develop intuition and confidence in designing with light. It is these people who are responsible for bringing organization and emotional experience to the environments we interact with every day. The concepts and processes put forth in this book are intended to be immediately useful to any designer who wants to include light as an ally in design. My goal in assembling this book is to provide information to the people who are poised to make the most of it. Often times, those who have the best chance of applying designed light to maximum effect are deprived of the necessary knowledge. Consequently, lighting decisions often fall by the wayside, and powerful design opportunities are missed. Regardless of the reader’s current familiarity with lighting design, this book will provide a more meaningful understanding of the role of light in the designed environment.
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