Nonresidential Lighting and Electrical Power Distribution Guide
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A Guide for Lighting the Stage
A Guide for Lighting the Stage visual environment technologies | etcconnect.com ETC® and ColorSource are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc. in the United States and other countries. All other trademarks, both marked and not marked, are the property of their respective owners. This content may be used, copied and freely distributed for educational purposes without written permission from ETC. Introduction The aim of this guide is to help teachers better understand and explain the basic elements of stage lighting. This resource is intended to supplement existing teaching materials, providing additional information and relevant product examples to add colour to lessons and presentations. The content can be applied to a variety of venues, including school halls, drama studios, college and university venues, dance venues, village halls, arts centres, concerts and student television studios. The following chapters cover basic illumination techniques using the ColorSource family of products from ETC and provide a pathway towards more artistic lighting designs. The guide is supported by an optional set of posters, available from ETC (send an email to [email protected] to request a poster set). Founded in 1975, ETC is a global leader in the manufacture of lighting and rigging technology for entertainment and architectural applications. ETC products are found in small and large venues worldwide. All ETC products are made to the same high standards, which is why they are used in so many professional and amateur venues. The ETC ColorSource family of equipment delivers LED lighting on a budget by offering high quality lighting, data distribution and power control in a plug- and-play format. -
Sustainable Home Guidelines
Contents Light for comfort and health 3 Glazing for natural daylight 4 Energy efficient lighting 5 Healthy lighting 6 Lights and lamps 7 A lighting plan for your home 8 Further information 10 This chapter is part of the Waitakere City Council’s Sustainable Home Guidelines. The complete set can be obtained through most libraries or from the Waitakere City Council, Private Bag 93109, Henderson, Waitakere City 0650, New Zealand, phone (09) 839 0400, email: [email protected]. The guidelines are also available on the council’s web site: http://www.waitakere.govt.nz WAITAKERE CITY COUNCIL’S SUSTAINABLE HOME GUIDELINES / LIGHT & LIGHTING / PAGE 2 Light for comfort and health Why do we need light? Besides being essential for vision, light affects human performance, alertness and mood. It influences body rhythms such as sleep patterns, ovulation and hormone secretion. The absorption of sunlight by our skin is also a necessary part of our body’s chemistry. Without sunlight there would be no life. Insufficient sunlight may cause depression and lethargy. How much light do we need? In order to see properly without eye strain we need a minimum light quantity or intensity. The light output onto a surface is measured in lux. lux = the number of lumens per square metre of surface: In offices a minimum of 500 lux In schools a minimum of 300 lux In homes a minimum of 200 lux. What kind of light do we want? The quality of the light is important too: the more natural light available, the better. Natural light offers us a balanced light spectrum with a full range of different wavelengths. -
High Efficiency Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diodes
HIGH EFFICIENCY BLUE PHOSPHORESCENT ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES By NEETU CHOPRA A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2009 1 © 2009 Neetu Chopra 2 To my Family and Sushant 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS A dissertation is almost never a solitary effort and neither is this one. As Ludwig Wittgenstein wisely said “knowledge in the end is based on acknowledgement”. Hence, writing this dissertation would be meaningless without thanking everyone who has contributed to it in one way or the other. First and foremost, my thanks are due to my advisor Dr. Franky So, without whose guidance and encouragement none of this work would have been possible. He has been a great advisor and has always been patient through the long paths of struggle finally leading towards significant results. This work is a fruit born out of many stimulating discussions with Dr. So and my group members Jaewon Lee, Kaushik Roy Choudhury, Doyoung Kim, Dongwoo song, Cephas Small, Alok Gupta, Galileo Sarasqueta, Jegadesan Subbiah, Mike Hartel, Mikail Shaikh, Song Chen, Pieter De Somer, Verena Giese, Daniel S. Duncan, Jiyon Song, Fredrick Steffy, Jesse Manders, Nikhil Bhandari and their contribution to these pages cant be acknowledged enough. I am especially thankful to Dr. Jiangeng Xue, Dr. Paul Holloway and their group members Sang Hyun Eom, Ying Zheng, Sergey Maslov and Debasis Bera who were an indispensable part of our DOE project team. I am also indebted to Dr. Rajiv Singh, Dr. Henry Hess and Dr. -
Industrial Lighting a Primer
Industrial Lighting A Primer All through history people have sought better ways to illuminate their work. Even the cavemen needed torches to allow them to draw on the walls of their underground caverns. Fire brought both light and heat for thousands of years before crude lamps of animal fat gave way to the candle for general indoor illumination used around the world. Roman Grease Lamp An offshoot of the common candlestick became what we now call the Lacemakers Globe. This quite possibly could qualify as the world’s first industrial light source! It was observed that when a candle flame was aligned behind a rounded glass bottle filled with water, a magnifying and focusing effect was produced, in addition to simply lighting up a small area. This was high technology of the first order! No longer did the lacemaker have to pack it in when the sun went down, for soon the new Lacemaker’s Globe became fairly common in European Cottage Industry, enabling the production of lace at a greater rate than ever before. It is also not too much of a stretch to conclude that the repetitive patterns of the lacemaker could be looked upon as a forerunner to the theory of mass production, along with the pin makers who toiled away in the ‘second tier’ of the feeble light pool cast by the globe, hammering heads onto straightened bits of wire in order to make the common pin. This was mighty slim pickings by today’s standards to be sure, but just a few hundred years ago it represented a revolutionary increase in handiwork production after the sun went down, for the very first time in history. -
The Complete Guide to Under Cabinet Lighting
THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO UNDER CABINET LIGHTING Annie Josey & Christopher Johnson Pegasus Lighting www.pegasuslighting.com Copyright © Pegasus Lighting 2013 All Rights Reserved 2 Table of Contents 1 – The Essentials of Great Lighting 2 – Choosing Under Cabinet Lights 3 – How to Install Under Cabinet Lights 4 – Under Cabinet Lighting Maintenance 5 – Beyond the Cabinet: Lights in Uncommon Places 6 – Glossary Notes 3 1 The Essentials Of Great Lighting Today, the kitchen has to be multifunctional. It’s not only a place to prepare and eat food, but also a place to relax, a place to entertain, and a place to enjoy. It should be inviting, bright, functional, and easy to control. The right kitchen lighting will help you stay clean, organized, and safe, while letting you create the perfect atmosphere for an early morning baking frenzy, board games with the kids on a rainy afternoon, or spending a couple’s night in. Most of all, light layering (having multiple light sources for different purposes) is the most important, all-encompassing rule in kitchen lighting design. A single light source never does any space justice. You need different sources of light for different purposes. Ambient lighting, task lighting, accent lighting, safety lighting, and mood lighting are all essential parts of great kitchen design. This book will first and foremost address task lighting in the kitchen. Under cabinet lights are the most popular, attractive, and handy kind of task lighting for the kitchen. Lighting designers agree that the path to any beautiful, functional kitchen starts with excellent task lights. Kitchen task lights have one simple purpose – to help you out. -
Kt-Led4.5Fb11-E12-9Xx-C Replacement Lamp
Page 1 of 2 KT-LED4.5FB11-E12-9XX-C REPLACEMENT LAMP DESCRIPTION 4.5W B11 Lamp | 2700 –3000K | ≥ 90 CRI | Straight-tip Chandelier LAMP TYPE: Filament B11 BASE TYPE: E12 (Candelabra) WATTAGE: 4.5W COLOR TEMPERATURE: 2700–3000K COLOR RENDERING INDEX (CRI): ≥ 90 WARRANTY: 3 Years RATED LIFE: L70 (15,000 Hours) TYPICAL APPLICATIONS • Chandeliers • Vanity Fixtures • Decorative Accent Lighting • Wall Sconces • Pendant Lights PRODUCT FEATURES • Energy efficient, 80%+ energy savings over legacy equivalents • Operating temperature range −4ºF/−20ºC to 95ºF/35ºC • Lower heat generation than legacy equivalents • PF > 0.70 • Smooth, uniform dimming • Rated for open, recessed, and enclosed fixtures • Filament-style LED construction offers unique traditional appearance • ANSI compliant construction ensures fitment for intended for decorative and mood-sensitive applications applications • HiCRI LEDs offer enhanced color rendering vs. 80 CRI LEDs, providing • UL Listed ideal clarity, representation, uniformity of illuminated area/objects • Meets Energy Star requirements • Long life minimizes replacement and maintenance costs • Complies with Part 15 of FCC • Suitable for use in damp locations • Title 20 compliant ELECTRICAL AND PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS Color Input Rated Legacy Equivalent Base Beam Keystone Catalog Number Description Temp* Voltage Lamp Wattage Wattage Lumens Efficacy CRI Type Angle Dimmable B11 straight-tip 40W KT-LED4.5FB11-E12-927-C chandelier filament 2700K 120V 4.5W 360 lm 80 lm/W ≥ 90 E12 360º Yes bulb; Clear; Dimmable incandescent B11 straight-tip 40W KT-LED4.5FB11-E12-930-C chandelier filament 3000K 120V 4.5W 360 lm 80 lm/W ≥ 90 E12 360º Yes bulb; Clear; Dimmable incandescent * Color Uniformity: CCT (Correlated Color Temperature) range as per guidelines outlined in ANSI C78.377-2017 Keystone Technologies • Philadelphia, PA • Phone (800) 464-2680 • www.keystonetech.com Specifications subject to change. -
Download Publication
Consumer Factsheet Home lighting Lighting is an important parameter in home design, enabling safety and comfort for the performance of everyday tasks, such as walking, reading, cooking, etc. The purpose of this factsheet is to inform people about the properties of the most common household lights and assist them choose the right light bulb for their needs. Which lighting types should I use in my home? There are three main types of light bulbs that can be used in home interiors: Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs); Fluorescents and Compact Fluorescent bulbs; and halogen bulbs. The choice of lighting source depends on many parameters, such as the use of the space and the lighting levels required, the cost of the bulb and its useful life, the energy that it consumes, the colour of the light it emits, etc. Two main lighting techniques are used in home environments: general lighting and task lighting. General lighting is used to light a large space, e.g. a dining room or a bedroom. General lighting can be provided by natural light, artificial light or a combination of the two. Task lighting is the lighting used to increase the amount of light in a specific, smaller area, such as on a desk, on the kitchen counter, etc. Task lighting is usually provided by fixtures, as artificial light is more easily controlled than natural light. Both general and task lighting can be tailored to a resident’s needs. The following paragraphs describe the main types of bulbs used in homes and their characteristics. Useful information for general and task lighting is also provided. -
2021 Outdoor Catalog
2021 OUTDOOR CATALOG PERSONAL LIGHTING PRODUCTS OUTDOOR OUTDOOR OUTDOOR Tried and tested to help you go farther, higher and faster. Nate Dodge 1 PRINCETON TEC PRINCETON TEC 2 SNAP SERIES Magnetic Design OUTDOOR The Snap head unit can be removed from it’s headlamp bracket and secured to most metal surfaces via it’s strong magnet. Josh Preissner Seth Morris ® For those looking for an option that preserves their night vision, the SNAP Solo ® Still packing 300 lumens of dimmable white light and the popular magnetic base, RGB offers 300 lumens of dimmable white light as well as Red, Green, or Blue task the SNAP Solo is available in 4 new colors and remains the perfect hands free light SNAP SOLO RGB lighting. With its magnetic base the light can be easily removed from the included SNAP SOLO for any occasion. Changing a flat on the side of the road? Need to light up a less headlamp bracket, used as a handheld, and attached to most metallic surfaces than perfectly lit corner of the garage? Out for an evening stroll around camp? NEW MAGNETIC HEMAG- for hands free jobs. The SNAP RGB also features a unique custom programming NEW MAGNETIC HEADLAMP The simple single button interface is popular with anyone looking for a super NETIC HEADLAMP feature which allows you to set which colored LED comes on first. versatile light you can use anywhere. SPECS TECHNOLOGY SPECS TECHNOLOGY POWER 300 Lumens POWER 300 Lumens LAMP 1 Maxbright LED w/ Spot (dimmable) 300 LAMP 1 Maxbright LED w/ Spot (dimmable) 300 TRI-COLOR 1 Tri-color Red, Green, Blue LED RUNTIME 155 -
Rushlight Index 1980-2006
Rushlight Cumulative Index, 1980 – 2006 Vol. 46 – 72 (Pages 2305 – 3951) Part 1: Subject Index Page 2 Part 2: Author Index Page 21 Part 3: Illustration Index Page 25 Notes: The following conventions are used in this index: a slash (/) after the page number indicates the item is an illustration with little or no text. MA before an entry indicates a notice of a magazine article; BR indicates a book review. Please note that if issues were mispaginated, the corrected page numbers are used in this index. The following chart lists the range of pages in each volume of the Rushlight covered by this index. Volume Range of Pages Volume Range of Pages 46 (1980) 2305-2355 60 (1994) 3139-3202 47 (1981) 2356-2406a 61 (1995) 3203-3261 48 (1982) 2406b-2465 62 (1996) 3262-3312 49 (1983) 2465a-2524 63 (1997) 3313-3386 50 (1984) 2524a-2592 64 (1998) 3387-3434 51 (1985) 2593-2679 65 (1999) 3435-3512 52 (1986) 2680-2752 66 (2000) 3513-3569 53 (1987) 2753-2803 67 (2001) 3570-3620 54 (1988) 2804-2851 68 (2002) 3621-3687 55 (1989) 2852-2909 69 (2003) 3688-3745 56 (1990) 2910-2974 70 (2004) 3746-3815 57 (1991) 2974a-3032 71 (2005) 3816-3893 58 (1992) 3033-3083 72 (2006) 3894-3951 59 (1993) 3084-3138 1 Rushlight Subject Index Subject Page Andrews' burning fluid vapor lamps 3400-05 Abraham Gesner: Father of Kerosene 2543-47 Andrews patent vapor burner 3359/ Accessories for decorating lamps 2924 Andrews safety lamp, award refused 3774 Acetylene bicycle lamps, sandwich style 3071-79 Andrews, Solomon, 1831 gas generator 3401 Acetylene bicycle lamps, Solar 2993-3004 -
Dining Table Chandelier Height
Dining Table Chandelier Height Semitic Sandro clock frivolously, he militating his Renault very properly. Is Dominick braving when Benjamin reshapes waist-deep? Which Leroy gloved so incognita that Axel coin her cordages? Keep the dining. The chandelier heights to install fixtures above to keep in the center of lights, and hangs farther into consideration and maybe with regular guest on? Sparkling chandelier height of chandeliers on the feature for people will find the lights over an authentic wagon wheel look and the homeowner. Then normal due to chandeliers hung at which fixture height of table to measure to do open concept kitchen tables. Load an order with chandeliers you be proportional to find tips on top. Led bulbs at the focal point centered over the ceiling height is where an appealing furniture beneath the chandelier that packs a pendant. Definitely go in? How much of chandeliers when you want something a height for hanging too high to make sure everything else about the movable chains to ensure that? Installation tricks to chandeliers. If it will give enough at its wow factor. Will flatter your. Gino sarfatti is chandelier height above, chandeliers hanging chain from bulb, too high to avoid purchasing a simple, lighting to coordinate dining space! Glad the table should play a handy guide on a stem and volume. Just knew that chandelier height? The chandelier above tables can you have at different heights for their expertise in the look so beautiful lighting fire pendant or functions great. Please make sure to chandelier heights to the table is the books under it! Such a final chandelier type of the right height or a splash of being light fixtures that sum of your. -
Cff/Led/7W/E12/Fr/Dim/Es/27K Sunlite
Item: 80424-SU CFF/LED/7W/E12/FR/DIM/ES/27K SUNLITE General Characteristics Bulb Flame Tip Lamp Type Chandelier Lamp Life Hours 25000 Hours Material Plastic Bulb Finish Frosted LED Type Everlight Base Candelabra Screw (E12) Lumens Per Watt (LPW) 71.43 Life (based on 3hr/day) 22.8 Years Estimated Energy Cost $0.84 per Year Safety Rating ETL Listed Sunlite Energy Star True CFF/LED/7W/E12/FR/DIM/ES/27K LED Dimmable True 7W (60W Replacement) Flame Tip Frosted Chandelier Light Bulbs, Electrical Characteristics Watts 7 Candelabra Screw (E12) Base, 2700K Volts 120 Warm White Equivalent Watts 60 LED Chip Manufacturer Everlight Sunlite's flame tip chandelier light bulbs are your go for all your Number of LEDs 7 decorative hanging lights/candelabrum needs. This stylish Power Factor 0.9 LED bulb will outlive your everyday incandescent bulbs while Temperature -20° To 45° also being infinitely safer than a traditional fire and wax base candle. Light Characteristics Brightness 500 Lumens • Produces a Halogen like, crisper than incandescent, Color Accuracy (CRI) 80 Light Appearance Warm White Warm White 2700K ray of light for all compatible ceiling Color Temperature 2700K fixtures, pendants and electric candelabras Beam Angle 180° • On average, this dimmable chandelier light bulb lasts an astonishing 2500 hours, while out performing both Product Dimensions incandescent and fluorescent bulbs in performance and MOL (in) 4.49 electrical savings Diameter (in) 1.61 • This stylish 7 watts chandelier light bulb replaces 60 watt Package Dimensions (in) (W) -
80635-Su | Ctc/Led/Aq/4W/E12/D/Cl/27K
Item: 80635-SU CTC/LED/AQ/4W/E12/D/CL/27K SUNLITE General Characteristics Bulb Torpedo Tip Lamp Type Filament Chandelier Lamp Life Hours 15000 Hours Material Glass Bulb Finish Clear LED Type 1017 Base Candelabra (E12) Lumens Per Watt (LPW) 100.00 Life (based on 3hr/day) 13.7 Years Estimated Energy Cost $0.48 per Year Safety Rating UL Listed Sunlite LED Vintage Chandelier 4W Dimmable True (40W Equivalent) Light Bulb Candelabra (E12) Base, Warm White Electrical Characteristics Watts 4 Sunlite LED antique Vintage filament chandelier bulbs are Volts 120 extremely energy efficient and will greatly reduce your energy Equivalent Watts 40 costs. These bulbs can last up to 15,000 hours making them LED Chip Manufacturer 1017 virtually maintenance free. These tiny bulbs contain no Number of LEDs 4 mercury elements and do not release any hazardous gasses Power Factor 0.7 so there is no need to worry in case a bulb breaks and no Temperature -20° To 40? need for any special recycling as with competing bulbs. With their high efficiency, Sunlite's Vintage chandelier squirrel bulbs Light Characteristics low wattage usage does not mean you lose out on brightness. Brightness 400 Lumens This 120 Volts, 4 watt 25W 40W Replacement, chandelier bulb Color Accuracy (CRI) 80 features a candelabra (E12) base, which produces a Light Appearance Warm White comfortable 2700K warm white light at 400 lumens and can fit Color Temperature 2700K right into your highly retro stylized room, a modern backdrop, as well as any lighting design project. These lights have Beam Angle 300° smooth dimming range, it should give you perfect ambiance light just like the original tungsten incandescent it replaces.