The Jarbidge Mining District, Nevada
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ALBERT B. FALL, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Bulletin 741 THESJARBIDGE MINING DISTRICT, NEVADA WITH A NOTE ON THE CHARLESTON DISTRICT BY FRANK C. SCHRADER WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1923 ADDITIONAL COPIES Or THIS PUBLICATION MAT BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OP DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 20 CENTS PER COPY CONTENTS. Introduction 1 Scope of report 1 Location 1 Previous descriptions * History and present conditions. _ 3 Production 5 Climate ______ __ - - 5 Vegetation ___ __ 5 Physical features __ __ 6 Great Basin province- 6 . Snake River valley 1 _ _ 6 Jarbidge Mountains _ 7 Geology 12 Sedimentary rocks 12 Paleozoic rocks _ 12 Tertiary (?) rocks_____________ _ 14 Miocene (?) _______________ _____ _ ___ 14 Pliocene (?)____________________ _ __ 15 Quaternary deposits 15 Igneous rocks _ _ _ 15 intrusive granitic rocks (Cretaceous?)- ___ __ ___ 15 Tertiary volcanic rocks________________c________ 16 General features _ _ _ _ _ __ 16 Old rhyolites (Miocene?) __ ___ ______ 17 Young rhyolites (Pliocene?) __ ___ _ ___ 20 Age of the volcanic rocks__-_________ _____ 23 Mineral deposits _________________________________ 24 Occurrence and distribution _______________________ 24 West vein system_______________________________ 25 East vein system _ _ _ ______ ______ 25 Cross vein system______________________________ 26 Structure and composition of the veins__________________ 26 Oxidized ore _______________________________ 26 Sulphide ore ____________________________:_ 32 Origin of the veins_____________________________^_ 34 Alteration of wall rock_________________:__________ 35 ""* Mines and prospects on the west veins__________________ 36 Long Hike mine_____________________________ 36 North Star mine____________________________ 45 O. K. mine_______________________________ 46 Alpha mine _______________________________ 48 Starlight mine ______________________________ 51 Legitimate mine _____________________________ 57 Flaxie mine ________________________________ 58 IV CONTENTS. Mineral deposits Continued. Mines and prospects on the west veins Continued, Page. Pavlak mine : 59 Pick and Shovel mine 60 Bluster mine_____ 6.1. Big Vein prospect_________ --- 63 Success mine _ 63 Jarbidge Central prospect 65 Buckeye mine __ 65 Cold Spring mine_ __ 66 Norman mine- _ ; 66 Moore prospect __ _ _ ' 68 Mines and prospects on the east veins 69 Altitude mine____________ 69 Bullion prospect ' . 72 Ben Hur prospect _ 74 Ajax prospect__________________ _ '- 74 Candy prospect _ - 75 Red Dike prospect____________________ _~ 76 Morning Star mine__________________ _ 76 Baty prospect 76 Cougar Mountain prospect____:_________________ 77 Placers _ ______________________________ 77 Future of the district_________________________..__ 77 Charleston district_________________.._____________ 78 Location _ __ _________ 78 Topography _______________________________ 79 Geology _ ______________ 79 Metalliferous deposits _________________:______ 81 Lodes _ __ ___________ 81 Graham mine___________________ _______ 82 Prunty mine_________________________'__ 82 Prospects ___ __________________ 82 Placers _ __ ___________1________ 83 Nonmetalliferous deposits ________________________ 83 Index ____ 85 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. PLATE I. Geologic reconnaissance map and section of the Jarbidge dis trict, Elko County, Nev______________________ 4 II. Topographic and mine map of a portion of the Jarbidge dis trict_________________________________ 4 III. Crater Range, northern part of west slope, Jarbidge, and mines- 4 IV. A, First Crater; B, Head of Bonanza Gulch basin________ 4 V. A, Crater Range, east slope; B, Crater Range, east slope in part _________________ 30 VI. A, Sixth Crater, head of East Fork of Jarbidge River; B, Crest of Crater Range, middle part_____________ VII. Pinnacles and jointing in older rhyolite_____________ ILLUSTRATIONS. V Page. PLATE VIII. A, Bonanza Gulch, Jarbidge Peak, and mines; B, Black Peak, at head of Fourth Crater 21 IX. A, Adularia, vein orthoclase (microscopic) ; B, Jointing and weathering in young rhyolite 28 X. Gold-silver ore with gangue of pseudomorphic quartz and adularia after calcite: 28 XI. A, Adularia (microscopic) ; B, Gold-silver sulphide ore from Alpha mine__ 28 XII. Photomicrograph of quartz and adularia pseudomorphic after calcite _____ 28 XIII. Photomicrograph ef gold ore______ . 28 XIV. Gold ores_____ 28 XV. A, B, Photomicrographs of gold-silver sulphide ore from Alpha mine___ 28. XVI. Map of part of surveyed and unsurveyed claims in the Jar bidge district_ 3(£ XVII. Plan and section of Legitimate mine_____ _ - 60- XVIII. Legitimate mine ________________ 60' XIX. A, North Mountain and Candy prospect; B, Bluster and Pick and Shovel mines _________________ 61 XX. Morning Star mine________________________ 76 FIGURE 1. Index map showing location of Jarbidge mining district_ 2 2. Diagram showing trend and relative position of principal veins in Jarbidge district _____________ 27 3. Longitudinal section of Long Hike mine on plane of vein, 38 4. Diagram of enriched cross slips or faulting in Long Hike vein 41 5. Plan of Long Hike mine_______________________ 42 6. Plan and section of North Star mine____-___________ 45 7. Plan and vertical projection of O. K. mine___________ 47 8. Plan and projection of Alpha mine_______________ 9. Topographic, claim, and level map of Starlight mine___-...'. 52. 10. Topographic, claim, and level map of Flaxie and Jarbidge Gold mines __ _ ____ _______ 53 11. Longitudinal section of Starlight Hill group of mines______ 54 12. Plan and projection of Starlight mine_______________ 55 13. Plan of Pavlak mine_______________________ 59 14. Section of Bonanza Hill mines_________________ 61 15. Plan of Buckeye mine_______:____________~_~~ g5 16. Plan of No. 2 level of Norman mine____ .________" ~ 37 17. Map of First Crater and Jack Creek claims________ 70 18. Plan and section of Altitude mine___________ ~~ 7^ 19. Sketch map of part of Charleston district______I~~~ 80 THE JARBIDGE MINING DISTRICT, NEVADA. By FRANK C. SCHRADER. INTRODUCTION. SCOPE OF REPORT. In 1910, soon after ore was discovered in the Jarbidge district, a reconnaissance examination of the district was made, and a report thereon was published in 1912.1 The present report is supplemental to the earlier report and aims to bring it as nearly as possible up to date. To this end two weeks was spent in the district in July, 1920. The material obtained was derived chiefly from underground exami nations. As time would.not permit complete revision of the geology, the geologic and topographic map of the earlier report is here repro duced as Plate I. Fortunately an excellent large-scale topographic map covering about 60 square miles of the most important part of the district, on the west slope of the Crater Range, had recently been made by the Elkoro Mines Co., a subsidiary of the Yukon Gold Co., and by the courtesy of that company this map, showing also the loca tion of the mines, is included in the present report (PL II). The report contains much new material on the geology and ore deposits of the district but only a brief summary of the material on those subjects given in the earlier report, to which the reader is referred for a fuller account. Valuable information and aid were generously -given by the Elkoro Mines Co., the Jarbidge Buhl Mining Co., the Crater Mining Co., Benane Brothers, Claude C. Gillham, A. L. Rinearson, Patrick Don- ahue, William Van Alder, and other miners, prospectors, and citizens of Jarbidge. LOCATION. The Jarbidge district lies in the northern part of Elko County, in northeastern Nevada, near the Idaho State line on the north and about 60 miles from the Utah State line on the east. (See PL I and fig. 1.) It is included within an area about 14 miles square, extend ing a few miles west of Jarbidge River and east of the East Fork, with its center near latitude 41° 51' north and longitude 15° 25' west. 1 Schrader,, F. C., A. reconnaisance of the Jarbidge, Contact, and Elk Mountain mining districts, Elko County, Nev.: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 497, pp. 1-98, 1912. 1 THE JARBIDGE MINING DISTRICT, NEVADA. FIGURE 1. Index map showing location of Jarbidge mining district. INTBODUCTION. 3 It lies in the northeastern part of the physiographic region known as the Nevada Plateau, between elevations of 5,500 and ll^OO feet, on the upper north slope of the high east-west range that forms the divide between the Great Basin on the south and the Snake River valley on the north. To this range, or portions of it, particularly to the southwest of the district, the name Bruneau Range or Bruneau Mountains has locally been applied. Jarbidge, the town or camp (Pis. II and III), is in the northwestern part of the district, on Jarbidge River, at an elevation of about 6,200 feet. On the southwest the district is bordered by the less known Charleston district. It is 15 miles from Mountain City, 20 from Edgemont, 25 from Tuscarora, and 12 from Charleston, all four camps west or southwest from Jarbidge. The nearest railway stations in an air line are Rogerson, Idaho, 50 miles to the northeast, on a spur of the Minidoka & Southwestern branch of the Oregon Short Line, and Deeth and Elko, Nev., re spectively 55 and 70 miles to the south, on the Southern Pacific and Western Pacific lines. PREVIOUS DESCRIPTIONS. Other than the report mentioned, the literature bearing on the district consists of some short papers, mostly by Winthrop W. Fiske, in mining journals