Modular Platform Based Surface Ship Design
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Modular Platform Based Surface Ship Design by Caspar Andri Largiader S.M., Ocean Systems Management, June 1999 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A. SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF OCEAN ENGINEERING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NAVAL ARCHITECTURE AND MARINE ENGINEERING at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY February 2001 0 2001 Caspar Andri Largiader, All Rights Reserved The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part Signature of the Author............... Department of Ocean Engineering January 31, 2001 Certified by...... ..... Professor Clifford Whitcomb Professor of Naval Architecture A Thesis Supervisor Certified by........ ................................. Professor Kevin N. Otto Professor of Mechanical Engineering Thesis Supervisor A ccepted by ... ................................................................. Professor Nicholas Patrikalakis MASSACHUSETTS INSTTt Kawasaki Professor of Engineering OF TECHNOLOGY I Chairman, Departmental Committee on Graduate Studies APR 1 8 2001 BARKER L, LIBRARIES Room 14-0551 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 Ph: 617.253.2800 MITL Ibaries Email: [email protected] Document Services http://Iibraries.mit.edu/docs DISCLAIMER OF QUALITY Due to the condition of the original material, there are unavoidable flaws in this reproduction. We have made every effort possible to provide you with the best copy available. If you are dissatisfied with this product and find it unusable, please contact Document Services as soon as possible. Thank you. The images contained in this document are of the best quality available. Modular Platform Based Surface Ship Design by Caspar Andri Largiader Submitted to the Department of Ocean Engineering on February, 2001, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Abstract Platform based-based product families have been implemented effectively by many companies as a mean to increase product variety and target specific customer needs, while containing the resulting complexity of developing large number of distinct products. A product platform can be described as a set of elements - components, processes, technologies, and resources - that are shared among multiple products offered by a company. End products derived from the common platform are called variants and the entity of variants forms a product family. This thesis presents a methodology for modeling the design of platform based surface ships with regard to cost reduction associated with shipbuilding, particularly costs concerning the naval design, acquisition, and construction process. Initially standardization of equipment and ship systems is discussed, the concept of modularity is introduced and furthermore a method on analyzing products with regard to their functionality as well as the potential standardization and module identification is discussed. For an application to the presented methodology the Blohm&Voss' s frigate design is used. The modular design of the Blohm&Voss MEKO frigate family is functionally analyzed and then a proposition for establishing modules is made. Finally the advantages and disadvantages of modular ship design are discussed with respect to navy and commercial applications. Thesis Supervisor: Professor Clifford Whitcomb Title: Professor of Naval Architecture Thesis Supervisor: Professor Paul Kevin N. Otto Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering 2 Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to my parents. All the love, support and guidance they have provided me throughout my education is the most precious inheritance I could have ever had obtained from them. This thesis is dedicated to my mother, Susette, to whom this two and a half years separation have been especially hard, as it they have been for me. Many thanks to the rest of my family, especially my aunt and my uncle, Dorothee and Michael, who where the first within the family to introduce me to the field of Naval Architecture. I wish to thank my advisor, Professor Kevin Otto, for all his help. With out his contribution I would have never finished this thesis. All insights to the problem he has provided me with, have been very helpful. Professor Clifford Whitcomb has provided me with a lot of detailed knowledge concerning naval ships and their systems. I would like to thank him for his entire valuable insights defining the vessel's and their system's functionality. Furthermore my thanks are addressed to Professor Henry S. Marcus who continuously provided me with information and data concerning my research. I would also like to thank Ricardo, who has been reviewing my thesis, a couple of times and gave me some helpful insights on how to focus on the main topic without loosing the big picture. Finally, I want to express my gratitude to Dirk, my roommate, and all my friends, that have made my staying in Boston an invaluably great experience. Especially to those from MIT like Aris, Mike, Nikos, Pantelis, and Roar with whom I have attended this Master's Program and shared this wonderful last two years. 3 Biography of the Author C. Andri Largiadbr was born in Winterthur, Switzerland on April 12, 1965. After completing his high school education at the Kantonsschule im Lee, Winterthur, in 1986, Mr. Largiader entered the Swiss Air Force to complete his mandatory basic training. His ongoing military education was again at the Swiss Air Force where he attended the corporal education and furthermore a four months training in the field. In fall 1987 Mr. Largiader commenced his studies in the field of Mechanical Engineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich, Switzerland. Mr. Largiadbr majored in system dynamics and combustion engineering and graduated with a diploma in Mechanical Engineering (dipl. ing. ETH) in January 1993. Parallel to his university education Mr. Largiader attended the Swiss Air Force Academy where he graduated as a second lieutenant in 1992 and then returned for five months to training missions. Mr. Largiader's current position in the Swiss Air Force is a company commander in the rank of a first lieutenant. After completing his military service, Mr. Largiadbr was self-employed for one year in the field of software development. He then joined Andersen Consulting & Co. Zurich office as a consultant where he worked on various projects until June 1997. In the fall of 1997 he attended a two months trainee program with Sociedad Naviera Ultragas, a major Chilean shipping operator engaged in global container transportation, liquid and dry bulk shipment. Mr. Largiadbr was admitted as a graduate student to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in January 1998. He selected Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, and Ocean Systems Management as his majoring fields. Mr. Largiadbr is fluent in German, English and French and has basic knowledge in Spanish. 4 Table of Contents ABSTRA CT ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 A CK N O W LED G MEN TS ..................................................................................................................................... 3 BIO G RAPH Y O F TH E A UTH O R ...................................................................................................................... 4 TABLE O F CO NTENTS ...................................................................................................................................... 5 1 INTR ODU CTION .......................................................................................................................................... 7 2 PREVIO U S RESEARCH ............................................................................................................................ 13 3 STANDARD IZATIO N ................................................................................................................................ 15 3.1 STANDARDIZATION OF EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS..................................................................... 15 3.2 STANDARDIZATION OF SHIP PRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 17 3.3 BENEFITS OF STANDARDIZATION ............................................................................................................ 18 4 M O DU LA RITY ........................................................................................................................................... 20 4.1 DEFINITION ............................................................................................................................................. 20 4.2 TYPES OF M ODULARITY..........................................................................................................................24 4.2.1 Component Sharing M odularity................................................................................................. 24 4.2.2 Fabricateto Fit M odularity ........................................................................................................... 25 4.2.3 Component Swapping M odularity............................................................................................... 25 4.2.4 Bus Modularity...............................................................................................................................25