JUNE 15, 1973 25 CENTS . VOLUME 37/NUMBER 23

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE Su~P-ort the farm workers

Coachella, Calif. Farm workers and supporters picket grape fields to build support for strike. See page 5. Mass mobilizations swee

Buenos Aires. Hundreds of thousands rallied as. new Peronist regime took office. Mass ·pressure forced Campora gov't to free political prisoners. See pages 7-9. In Brief POLICE INFORMER EXPOSES FRAME-UP OF handling the case. MARTIN SOSTRE: Buffalo, N.Y., cops wanted to "get" Prison officials now force inmates who want to receive Black activist Martin Sostre, according to testimony by correspondence to sign statements allowing inspection of Arto Williams. A self-confessed police agent, Williams their mail for "contraband." Such inspections often re­ THIS admitted in court on May 30 that he helped frame Sostre sult in arbitrarily denying prisoners access to personal on a phony drug charge. correspondence and to publications deemed "incendiary" WEEK'S Williams's testimony is a major development in the by officials. fight to free Sostre, who is serving a 30- to 41-year sen­ If the class-action suit wins, it will overturn the prac­ tence at Clinton prison in Dannemora, N.Y. Sostre was tice of requiring inmates to agree to mail censorship; MILITANT convicted in 1968 of selling narcotics toW illiams. 3 Militant sales drive prisoners will be able to send and receive sealed, uncen­ Prior to his. frame-up, Sostre operated the Afro-Asian sored correspondence. The destroying, delaying, and re­ goes over top Bookstore in Buffalo. During the three-day rebellion in fusal to deliver prisoners' mail will be illegal. 4 3,000 deported in l. A. the Buffalo Black community in 1967, his store became Such a court decision would be a major victory for 'alien' dragnet a haven for those fleeing police tear gas and bullets. the right of prisoners to receive publications such as The 6 Behind Moscow-Bonn The cops decided to "get" Sostre after the rebellion. Militant, which prison authorities frequently refuse to dis­ summit Despite Williams's testimony, Federal Court Judge John tribute to inmates. Curtin has refused to make an immediate decision on 13 STRESS unit in Detroit Sostre's request for a new trial. Curtin's decision is ex­ ANTIOCH STRIKERS SAY PROTEST WILL CON­ abolished pected in one to two months. TINUE: On June 1, police tore down barricades erected 14 Meaning of Bradley Sostre's request to act as his own co-counsel was also by striking students at Antioch College in Ohio and ended election turned down. the occupation of campus buildings. This is the first time in the college's history that police have been brought onto 15 Viet Vets face frame-up Militant correspondent Dave Strong reports that letters the campus. trial · demanding the dropping of all charges against Martin Sostre may be sent to Judge John Curtin at U.S. Court The administration resorted to the cops after seven weeks 16 CIA in Iran house, Buffalo, N.Y. 14202. of a strike by students protesting cutbacks in financial 17 Watergate tactics & aid. The cutbacks are aimed at the New Directions World War II program, made up mainly of young people from working­ 18 Street rallies build class families. Black students have been in the leadership of opposition to the cutbacks. Oliver campaign In an attempt to victimize strike leaders and supporters, 19 SWP candidate raps the administration expelled 20 students and fired seven Detroit cops faculty members last week. It then obtained authorization 24 Can Nixon ride out to break up the barricades through a court injunction Watergate storm? handed down May 30. Although classes reopened on June 5, the strike com­ mittee says that the fight against the cutbacks is not over. 2 In Brief Meetings are planned to discuss the next step in the 10 In Our Opinion struggle. Letters 11 National Picket Line DEPORTATION RAIDS AGAINST 'ILLEGAL ALIENS' CONDEMNED: "His only crime was coming to the U.S. La Raza en Accion to work," said an outraged telegram from Chicano writers, 12 Great Society Martin Sostre: cops used phony drug charge to send him to jail poets, and professors condemning the killing of a Mexi­ Women in Revolt can, Cruz Cedillo Lopez, in San Diego, Calif., last week. By Any Means Neces­ The telegram was sent to Attorney General Elliot Richard­ JUDGE BARES BIAS IN FELICIANO CASE: At a June son and the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Ser­ sary 6 pretrial hearing in New York,- William Kunstler, at­ vice by a June 2 conference on "Communicating the Chi­ 20 In Review torney for Carlos Feliciano, demanded a special hearing cano Experience." The conference took place at Merritt 21 News from Pathfinder to consider the Puerto Rican activist's case in light of recent Watergate revelations of government plotting College in Oakland, Calif. American Way of Life In the past few weeks, immigration authorities in the against radicals. Los Angeles area have rounded up and deported to Mexi­ When Kunstler mentioned Feliciano's membership in WORLD OUTLOOK co some 3,000 Latino workers. "We vigorously protest the Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico, the judge interrupted the repressive actions and mass raids currently under­ 1 New wave of repres­ him. Didn't Kunstler know, the judge asked, that he had way by the border patrol and the immigration depart­ sion in Israel served as an assistant prosecutor against Nationalist Party ment," the telegram said. "The wanton killing of a Mexi­ 2 Twenty-five years of members accused in the 1954 attack on U.S. Congress? cano, Cruz Cedillo Lopez . . . is the contemptible result Four Puerto Rican nationalists remain in jail as a result Israeli state of your actions." of that case. 4 Israeli revolutionists Among those signing the telegram were Chicano poet The judge's revelation makes the case for dropping all Alurista; writer Raymond Barrio; Agustin Gurza, former protest new arrests charges against Feliciano all the stronger. Feliciano is editor of La Voz del Pueblo; poet Jose Montoya; and being tried in Manhattan for possessing explosives, author-poet Estela Portillo. -CINDY JAQUITH charges for which he was already acquitted last year in the Bronx.

If you subscribe to The Militant and plan to move soon, don't forget that the post office does not for­ YOUR FIRST ward newspapers. Send your old address label and your new address into The Militant business ISSUE? THE MILITANT office at least two weeks before you move to ensure that you will not miss any issues. SUBSCRIBE VOLUME 37/NUMBER 23 JUNE 15, 1973 CLOSING NEWS DATE-JUNE 6, 1973 PALESTINIANS DENOUNCE NIXON'S ESPIONAGE TO THE AGAINST RADICAL& Three Palestinians held a news Editor: MARY-ALICE WATERS Business Manager: SHARON CABANISS conference in Boston May 31 to attack the Nixon admin­ MILITIIT Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING istration's harassment and spying against Arabs in the VIVA LA HUELGA! The United Farm Workers Union is U.S. Participating in the news conference were Naseer struggling for its survival. The Militant actively supports Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., Aruri, professor at Southeastern Massachusetts Universi­ 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Telephone: this struggle. For honest and on-the-spot reports on the Editorial Office (212) 243-6392; Business Office (212) ty; Mujid Kazimi, recent graduate of Massachusetts In­ showdown between the UFWU and the growers, and for 929-34B6. Southwest Bureau: 1107 1/2 N. Western stitute of Technology; and Said Abu-Zahra, professor information on what you can do to help ... Read The Ave., los Angeles, Calif. 90029. Telephone: (213) 463- at Salem State College. Militant. 1917. A statement by the three pointed out that Nixon has Correspondence concerning subscriptions or changes admitted making plans to spy on so-called potential Arab of address should be addressed to The Militant Business Introductory oller-S1/3months Office, 14Charleslane, New York, N.Y. 10014. saboteurs in 1970. In its effort to prop up the Zionist ( ) $1 for three months of The Militant. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ regime in Israel, the U.S. government has intensified re­ ( ) $2 for three months of The Militant and three months scriptions: Domestic: $5 a year; foreign, $8. By first­ pression against Arab activists in the U.S. "Despite this of the International Socialist Review. class mail: domestic and Canada, $25; all other coun­ harassment," the Palestinians' statement said, "we do not tries, $41. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, ( ) $5 for one year of The Militant $32; Mexico and the Caribbean, $30; latin America intend to remain silent in the face of Zionist oppression ( ) New ( ) Renewal and Europe, $40; Africa, Australia, and Asia (including of our people." USSR), $50. Write for sealed air postage rates. NAME------For subscriptions airmailed from New York and then PRISONERS DEMAND END TO MAIL CENSORSHIP: ADDRESS------posted from london directly: England and Ireland, ll.20 Eighty-eight federal prisoners have filed a class-action CITY ______STATE----ZIP---- for 10 issues, l4.50 for one year; Continental Europe, suit to end all restrictions by prison authorities on their ll.50 for 10 issues, l5.50 for one year. Send banker's 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. draft directly to Pathfinder Press, 47 The Cut, london, mail. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACL U) is SE1 8LL, England. Inquire for air rates from London at the same address. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily represent The Militant's views. These are expressed in editorials.

2 The countr}!'s so tired of the war' Senate votes cutoff of funds to bomb Cambodia From Intercontinental Press cut-off by a margin of twenty to six­ Nixon. is of course opposed to the B-52 bomber crews at bases on Guam "The country's so tired of the war teen. amendment, a veto would also apply and in Thailand who talk of being and the constituents are so tired of The amendment, which was attached to the appropriation of $3,700 million 'mercenaries' caught up in a war 'not the Cambodian part of it," Senate to a supplemental appropriations bill, for various government departments.) in my country's national interest.'" Republican leader Hugh Scott com­ states: "None of the funds herein ap­ Whatever the final outcome of the Nixon found himself deserted for the plained to reporters May 31. "It's very propriated under this act, or hereto­ parliamentary maneuvering that is. time being not only by the Senate, difficult to hold the line." fore appropriated under any other sure to follow, the Senate vote is a but also by one of his representa.tives A few hours later, the Senate demon­ act, may be expended to support, clear indication of the extent of public on the four-power International Com­ strated the extent of Scott's difficulty directly or indirectly, combat activities opposition to Nixon's continuation of mission of Control and Supervision by approving an amendment to cut in, over or off the shores of Cambodia the war. The senators were so anxious established by the Vietnam cease-fir~ off funds for the bombing of Cam­ or in or over Laos by United States to dissociate themselves from the agreement. . On May 29, the Canadian bodia and Laos. Scott was able to forces." bombing that they even ignored the government announced that it would muster only nineteen votes against the A similar but less stringently worded plea that approval of the amendment pull out of the commission by July restriction on Nixon's Indochina ag­ restriction was passed by the House would hamper the coming round of 31, or sooner if a replacement could gression; sixty-three senators voted in of Representatives May 10. A con­ discussions between Henry Kissinger be found. favor of the amendment ference between the two Houses must and Le Due Tho, scheduled to begin The original decision to act as Even the majority of Nixon's own work out an identically worded in Paris June 7. Nixon's surrogate in Vietnam has not party in the Senate deserted him. Re­ version before the bill is sent to Nixon Nixon spokesmen, including Kis­ been popular in Canada, and the with­ publican members supported the fund for his approval or veto. (While singer himself, predicted "success" for drawal announcement was endorsed the talks if only Congress would not by all the opposition parties. take away Nixon's "bargaining chips." The Canadian representatives on the As a concession to the fears of commission are not likely to be missed Congress, K·issinger's deputy, William by the Vietnamese liberation forces. H. Sullivan, flew to Pnompenh and On May 30, a spokesman of the Pro­ "persuaded" Lon Nol to agree to nego­ visional Revolutionary Government tiations with N orodom Sihanouk. Si­ charged that the Canadian delegation hanouk, however, has so far not had repeatedly "given help to the U. S. changed his publicly stated refusal to and Saigon administration in ob­ .negotiate anything with the U.S. pup­ structing the implementation of the pet. agreement." The day before the Senate's vote, the This view was confirmed from an Pentagon announced that B-52 raids unexpected source. "Even some Ameri­ against Cambodia had been reduced can officials," Fox Butterfield reported by about 40 percent. in the May 31 New York Times, "Defense Department sources," Mi­ "... have felt that Mr. [Michel] Gau­ chael Getler reported in the May 31 vin [Canadian chief delegate] might Washington Post, "say the reduction have been more effective if he had in B-52 operations is linked primarily been somewhat less outspoken and to an attempt to cut down on the aggressive." mounting costs of the U. S. air opera­ The Senate vote of May 31 indicates Militant/Skip Ball tions in I:ridochina, But they con­ that an increasing sector of the U.S. Spray paint on Denver billboard reflects massive revulsion with Nixon's bombing cede privately that there is also an ruling class holds much the same view of Cambodia. increasing morale problem among of Richard Nixon. War protests to demand 'U.S. stop bombing!' By SYD STAPLETON The Colorado Peace Action Coali­ The Cleveland Area Peace Action JUNE 6-Antiwar organizations in tion has secured the endorsement of Coalition held a picket line June 6 more than a dozen major cities have Congresswoman Pat Schroeder (D­ to· protest the bombing of Cambodia announced plans for activities tied Colo.) for a June 16 demonstration and to build support for the June 16 to the June 16 Washington, D. C., pro­ in Denver. Three members of the Colo­ march on Washington. test against continuing U. S. interven­ rado House of Representatives and In a Washington, D. C., news con­ tion in Indochina. Yusef .Karouma, Colorado chairman ference June 6, Nan B alley of the The Washington, D. C., demonstra­ of the African Liberation Day Sup­ Student Mobilization Committee stated, tion, initially called by the People's port Committee, have also endorsed "Recognizing its isolation in the face Coalition for Peace and Justice the action, which will assemble at of massive . . . opposition to its inter­ (PCPJ), is being built by the National Cheesman Park at noon. vention in Southeast Asia, the U.S. Peace Action Coalition (NPAC) and The Minnesota Peace Action Coali­ government has taken part in an of­ its affiliates around the demands "End tion is cosponsoring with PCPJ a send­ fensive to intimidate and discredit the the Bombing of Cambodia Now! U.S. off rally for buses to Washington. Two antiwar movement." Entirely. Out of Southeast Asia Now!" antiwar teach-ins in Minneapolis, held Bailey said, "The Washington Post Local June 16 demonstrations have May 31 and June 1, drew more than disclosed June 3 that John Binsted, been set in several cities. The Chicago 100 people each. The Minnesota Peace labeled agent 33 during the time of Peace Council and the Chicago Peace Action Coalition, American Friends his work for the FBI, was ordered Action Coalition are building a march Service Committee, New American to spy on the activities of antiwar Militant/Pamela Starsky and rally, to begin at noon in the Movement, and other groups spon­ organizations on Washington, D. C., Student Mobilization Committee spokes­ downtown area. sored the teach-ins. Continued on page 22 . woman Nan Bailey. 10,320 Militants sold as drive goes over top! By SHARON CABANISS As a result of these sales, tens of thousands Black and Chicano communities with this issue, JUNE 6-Street sales of the June 1 issue of The of new readers have become familiar with The sold almost 200 copies, and established some Militant hit 10,320 during the final week of our Militant, several hundred have taken out subscrip­ good sales spots for the summer. Another 108 spring sales campaign. This surpasses earlier tions, and others have endorsed the SWP local were sold at plant gates, and YSA members on totals during the drive and is 14 7 percent of our election campaigns or joined the YSA. At the same the Berkeley campus sold 154. goal of 7,000. · time, the YSA carried out a successful sales cam­ YSA at-large member Ben Harris of Nashville This solid accomplishment reflects the widespread paign for its monthly Young Socialist. YSbundles made good on his challenge to sell the most of interest in a socialist analysis. of the Watergate topped 10,000 during their drive. any at-large member by selling 50 last week. scandal and other issues, as well as the sustained In the competition to sell the most of one issue Several other cities set new sales records for efforts of Militant supporters around the country. of The Militant, Lower Manhattan won by selling the last issue of the campaign. Thirty-four sup­ These include many members of the Socialist 1,265 of the June 1 issue. Fifty-five supporters porters in San Francisco sold 602, many at new Wo~kers Party and Young Socialist Alliance, some participated, and 12 of them accounted for 800 locations in the Black community. Two hundred of whom sold three times or more last week. Sup­ of the total sold. Richard Orawiec sold 201, making and thirty-nine were sold at the airport, where porters in every area made an effort to reach . good his challenge to sell the most in Lower Man­ recently one airport worker bought a single copy, or surpass their goals, and 22 areas made it. ha1tan. then a subscription, and now is interested in join­ During the 15 weeks of the spring campaign, Oakland/Berkeley achieved the second highest ing the YSA. a total of 98,022 Militants were sold on the street, weekly sale of the campaign with 1,133 sold. They Forty-nine members of the Upper West Side SWP an average of 6,535 weekly. In addition, 12 Young had the highest participation of any area last and YSA sold a new high of 668. YSAer Marty Socialist teams sold another 16,481. Not included week with 61 people selling. The highest sales­ Goodman, who sold 59 last week, sold an issue in these figures are the sales of many individuals person was Tim Brooks with 90. at the movie State of Siege to a person who later and small groups who regularly sell but are not Sales committee member Carol DeBerry reports joined the YSA. included on the weekly scoreboard. ' that they tried out a series ?f new locations in the Continued on page 21

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 3 FLAGRANT VIOLATION OF LEGAL RIGHTS 3,000 DEPORTED I L.A. 'ALIEN' DRAGNET

By HARRY RING LOS ANGELES-King-sized border patrol vans are still cruising the main streets of Chicano barrios here. They pull up at bus stops and simply arrest people unable to produce proof of citizenship or legal residency. They are then taken to detention centers and deported to Mexico. Meanwhile, immigration patrol squadrons comb the sweatshops of the downtown garment district, taking out workers without papers. In a 10-day period beginning May 23, nearly 3,000 people have been dumped across the border. The local force of Immigration and Naturalization Service cops has been buttressed by an additional 100 bor­ der patrol agents, many from Texas. It is reported they expect to be here several months. Similar raids are taking place in other places. Most seem to be occur­ ring in cities and not in the farm areas where harvesting is under way and the Antideportation march in los Angeles last year. CASA-Hermandad has called for a mass demonstration on June 16 to protest so-called illegal aliens are used as low­ new 'illegal alien' dragnet. paid field labor. The raids and deportations have the chilling quality of a Nazi-like oper­ tion focusing on the problems of un­ U.S. if they have a spouse, parent, transferred to Los Angeles. Postpone­ ation. They constitute a flagrant documented workers. Its attorneys are or child who is either a U.S. citizen ments were obtained so that proper breach of the legal rights of the vic­ coordinating the efforts of the coop­ or has legal residence. It does not legal counsel could be provided. tims. Countless numbers of those erating legal groups. matter if the person facing deporta­ CASA leader Bert Corona urged shipped across the border have a full In addition, CASA is building an tion is not a citizen or did not enter massive marches, demonstrations, legal right to be here. antideportation march and rally to be with proper papers. and other protests against this "out­ Plans are now being mapped for a held in downtown Los Angeles, June "Yet," Hollopeter said, "people are rageous, Gestapo-like treatment of all court action to enjoin the Immigra­ 16. being shipped across the border with Spanish-speaking, Spanish-sounding, tion Service from carrying on the ille- In an interview, CASA attorney infants who are American citizens. The or Spanish-looking people by the Im­ Steve Hollopeter explained the illegali­ proof of their right to be here is right migration and Naturalization Service." ties involved in the mass deportations. in their arms." He charged that Spanish-speaking To begin with, he said, those "And," he added, "the child that is communities are being made scape­ scooped up in the dragnet are delib­ a citizen is being illegally exiled." goats "to draw attention away from erately misinformed as to their rights. He said CASA knows already of the massive corruption that has been They are told that if they sign a many cases of people with a legal revealed in the Immigration Service. waiver accepting immediate deporta­ right to be here being deported. There's the investigation of hundreds tion their "illegal entry" will not be­ of their officers involved- in drug come part of the record and they will Several times a day since the raids smuggling, beating detained people, be able, at a later date, to apply for began, he said, they will get calls from blackmailing and extracting sexual fa­ legal reentry without prejudice. people who are citizens or legal res­ vors from women, the actual selling Actually, Hollopeter said, their idents who will tell them their hus­ of workers to growers and large com­ names wind up in the files of U.S. band or wife has not returned from panies; the selling of permits and vi­ consular offices and are later used work. CASA checks with Immigra­ sas, and so on." against them. tion and finds the individual is al­ TheW atergate scandal, coupled with To coerce the people into signing ready across the border. inflation and wage controls, Corona away their right to a hearing, they Factual data is being compiled on added, are further reasons for trying this, the attorney said, and more will CASA-Hermandad's Bert Corona are falsely told they will be jailed to create a diversion about "illegal for months before such a hearing and be obtained. CASA activists will go aliens." He expressed the hope that then, when deported, will never be to Tijuana, Mexicali, and other Mex­ all working people would see the need gal arrests, detentions, and deporta­ able to return. ican border towns and seek affidavits to come to the defense of the Spanish­ tions. What most people don't know, Hol­ from individuals illegally deported. speaking and other foreign-born now Cooperating in the legal effort are lopeter said, is that they can insist This material will be used in seeking being victimized. "We can't let them the Los Angeles units of the Mexican­ on their right to a hearing and still the court injunction against the de­ divide us," he said, "by going first American Legal Defense Fund, the make a voluntary departure at any portations. after one group, then another." American Civil Liberties Union, and time before a court deportation order In addition, it is hoped the Lawyers the National Lawyers Guild. is finally issued. Guild will send teams of lawyers and The central force in the efforts to But the most vicious aspect of the law students to other cities being hit The May 21 New York Times de­ stop the mass roundups is CASA­ deportation drive is that many people by the dragnet to obtain hearings for scribed one of many rackets in­ Hermandad General de Trabajadores are being put out who have an ab­ as many as possible of those detained. volving the Immigration and H even 5 or 10 percent of the people (General Brotherhood of Workers). solute legal right to be here. Naturalization Services: CASA is the major Chicano organiza- Anyone is entitled to stay in the demand the hearing to which they're entitled, Hollopeter said, it could save "It was time for one of the big many of them from deportation and Texas ranchers to harvest a crop. would seriously disrupt the illegal ac­ He hired a crew of illegal aliens L.A. ANTIDEPORTATION ACTION- tivities of the Immigration Service. (sic}, and notified the chief of that LOS ANGELES- Organizing eHorts are being intensified for the mass At such legal hearings the Immi­ particular Border Patrol sector of antideportation march and rally to be held here June 16. The dem­ gration Service must establish that it observed the rights of the individuals his action. The chief patrol agent onstrators will demand a halt to the present wave of illegal deporta­ involved and properly informed them saw to it that the ranch was not tions and defeat of the Rodino-Kennedy bill now pending in Congress. of their rights. "Since they usually raided during the harvest. The bill would facilitate deportation of "illegal aliens." don't do these things," Hollopeter ob­ "When the crop was in, the Action organizers report that groups from other areas will be served, "it's pretty difficult for them rancher notified the sector chief to prove in court that they did." joining the demonstration. They said they have already received word and, before the Mexicans were from campus MECHAs and other Chicano groups in San Diego, Irvine, Most important, the burden of le­ gal proof rests with the government. paid, the patrol arrested them and Santa Barbara saying they are planning to charter buses to bring They must prove the person is not and sent them back across the people in. here legally, not the other way border. The Rancher got his crop Demonstrators will assemble at 10 a.m. at Broadway and Olympic around. out of the field, the chief patrol Avenue. The parade will be through downtown Los Angeles to a rally He said that a number of CASA agent got year-round hunting site to be announced. - members were among those caught in the present roundup. Because they rights on the ranch, and the Prominent speakers will be heard, including, hopefully, Cesar Chavez. knew their rights and succeeded in Mexicans got nothing." For leaflets and information, contact CASA-Hermandad ·General de communicating with relatives, friends, These are the defenders of "law Trabajadores, 2671 W. Pico Blvd., Los Angeles. Telephone: (213} 487- or directly with CASA, they were able and order" who are now carrying 4171. to apply for a hearing at the border out the dragnet raids in L.A. detention center and get their case

4 UFWU urges boycott of scab lettuce, g~~s Teamster goons aid grower effort to break United Farm Workers strike By HARRY RING that date, and the growers then signed "They began what we call the zoo COACHELLA, Calif., June 4 - As sweetheart pacts with the Teamsters. show. They make animal sounds and cool weather delayed full-scale har­ More than 600 workers have joined they laugh hysterically. They -did it vesting of the grape crop, tension con­ the strike. When the harvesting gets for about 10 minutes. I thought it tinued to mount in the United Farm into full· swing, probably s.ometime was a good show for the reporter. Workers Union strike. ("Cool" in this in the next two weeks, the growers We just sat there. desert area means when the tempera­ will need more than 5,000 workers "Mter th

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 5 (Brandt's aide) and Brezhnev's aides to undermine West German parliamen­ tion of forces, and this can fake place Alexandrov and Blatov. tary opposition to the East-West de­ only on the basis of the existing al­ The three agreements were signed tente. liances and not on a chaotic struc­ From Intercontinental Press in the morning of May 19. That eve­ In this, Brezhnev was adopting the ture or no structure at all in Europe." By JON ROTHSCHILD ning Brezhnev held a special meeting same strategy in his dealings with It can be assumed that since Brandt On May 19 Soviet Communist par­ designed to further advance economic Bonn as Chou En-lai had during the had just finished four days of inten­ ty General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev, "cqoperation." Present at the gathering 1972 visit of Japanese Premier Ta­ sive talks with Kremlin leaders, his Soviet · Foreign Minister Andrei on the German side were Foreign Min­ naka to Peking. At the time of that "feeling" was well-founded. In any Gromyko, Federal Republic of Ger­ ister Walter Scheel, Minister of Eco­ summit, Chou made it clear that the case, the German bourgeoisie certainly many (FRG) Chancellor Willy nomic Mfairs Hans Friedrichs, a Maoist regime had no objection to shares Brandt's sentiments. Brandt, and FRG Foreign Minister number of other government officials, the U. S.-Japan military and economic In fact, Brezhnev's political assis­ Walter Scheel signed an economic co­ and a number of monopoly capitalists alliance; that the partnership of those tance has been nearly as valuable to operation agreement of ten years' representing firms whose combined two imperialisms was not an obstacle Brandt as it was to Nixon in 1972. duration. It was the big focus of at­ sales amount to DM 70 thousand mil­ to a Peking-Tokyo rapprochement. The progressing detente has thrown tention for the Bonn summit, but, like lion. Everyone was there-from Bert­ In the May 19 New York Times, the opposition Christian Democratic/ the - agreements signed last year holt Beitz, a pioneer of Soviet trade, correspondent David Binder noted Christian Social bloc into crisis. On by Nixon and Brezhnev during the to Ernst Wolf Mommsen, who heads that some West Germans believed that May 9 Rainer Barzel, Christian Dem­ ocratic leader, resigned as head of the parliamentary opposition. His res­ ignation was provoked by debate over MOSCOW-BOll SUMMIT a detente treaty previously arrived at -the 1972 East-West German agree­ ment normalizing relations between the two German states. The treaty was due to come up for BREZH El ·sTABILITY; ratification in the Bundestag on May 10. Also to be voted on was a pro­ posal that both German states apply for membership in the United Nations. OT SOCIALISM, I W. GERM In an opposition caucus meeting, Bar­ zel recommended that the opposition vote against the treaty but for the Brezhnev was trying "to draw their resolution about the UN. Franz Josef country into the Soviet orbit or at Strauss, the Neanderthal leader of Ba­ least pry it away from its postwar varia's Christian Social Union, insist­ reliance on the security guarantee of ed on a no-vote on both points. the United States armed forces. At first, an open hand count gave Barzel a 97-96 edge. A little while "But any serious person," Binder later, a secret ballot was taken. In continued, "who has listened to So­ one of the more dramatic demonstra­ viet diplomats and journalists in re­ tions of the frankness known to pre­ cent days on the subject of the Water­ vail among capitalist politicians, the gate affair may be persuaded that same group of people voted 101-93 the Brezhnev leadership wants the in favor of the Strauss position. United States to stay strong and to (There was one abstention.) stay in Europe, particularly in West Barzel, one participant reported, Germany. What is more, they want "turned chalk white." He resigned as Willy Brandt, a man they trust, to parliamentary whip and will not remain as Chancellor and a strong again seek the chairmanship of the one unimpeded by a radical young Christian· Democratic Union at the left or the official West German Com­ party's next meeting. On May 11, the munist party, loyal to Moscow." "Two Germanies" treaty was ratified Brandt (I) and Brezhnev reviewing West German honor guard Brandt himself pressed this theme 268-217 in the Bundestag; the UN in explaining the Brezhnev visit in­ proposal passed by 365-121, as a side the FRG. In a televised inter­ large number of opposition delegates view just after Brezhnev left, Brandt again broke ranks. Moscow summit, its terms had already the notorious Krupp operations. remarked that it was his view that The disarray of the Christian Demo­ been worked out before the visit. In This meeting, according to Soviet Brezhnev recognized NATO and the crats reflects the fact that the German fact, the agreement had been initialed News (published by the press depart­ Common Market as "realities." The bourgeoisie is fully in favor of the by the two sides the week before Brezh­ ment of the Soviet embassy in Lon­ Kremlin, Brandt said, "has come to detente, particularly its economic as- nev arrived in Bonn. don), "was held in a businesslike at­ So the signing ceremony was mainly mosphere," which is not astonishing. a publicity stunt. The agreement itself But in the course of discussing with is merely a framework, providing for this cross section of the German bour­ such things as establishing industrial geoisie, Brezhnev (unwittingly, to be complexes, modernization and expan­ sure) revealed his perspectives for sion of existing plants, cooperation "peaceful coexistence"- the deferment in the production of raw materials, of socialist revolution- in Western Eu­ exchanges -of patents, licenses, tech­ rope. The agreement signed that nical information, and "know-how" morning, he said, was only the be­ (the English word is used in the Ger­ ginning. He said he hoped to be able man text). to work in cooperation with West Ger­ man businessmen for "thirty, forty, or fifty years"! SWP LEADER TO It must be said that Brezhnev de­ serves some sort of bourgeois medal SPEAK 011 DETEIITE for his confidence in the future of Ger­ A city-wide Militant forum will be man imperialism. Some of the mag­ nates who attended the meeting were held at 8 p. m. June 29 on "The far less sanguine. Hans Birnbaum, meaning of Brezhnev's visit­ for example, headri:>f the Salzgitter What's behind the U. S.-Soviet de­ AG steel corporation, was interviewed tente?" Jack Barnes, national sec­ on the subject of Soviet trade in the retary of the Socialist Workers May 28 Spiegel. Party, will be the speaker. "Could you conceive of signing a U.S. troops training in West Germany. Brezhnev would rather see NATO continue This forum will incorporate fifty-year-long trade agreement with Moscow?" the magazine asked. than face 'chaotic situation' in Europe. those normally held in Brooklyn "No," said Birnbaum. "For us there and Upper and Lower Manhattan. is no question of discussing a fifty­ The location will be announced. year agreement. You can't tell what For more information, call {212} will happen in the steel industry dur­ the conviction that for the moment pects. The expectation is that further 982-8214. ing that length of time. For us it is it is more reasonable to begin with penetration of the Soviet Union by unthinkable to tie ourselves to treaties existing alliances rather than see them West German commodities and cap­ It was generally reported that the that would run to the year 2023." replaced by a chaotic situation." ital will serve to extract German im­ Brandt-Brezhnev talks that went on It is likely that Brezhnev did not In an interview May 24 with rep-. perialism from some of its economic during the summit (they were vir­ intend seriously to propose a fifty­ resentatives of Associated Press, difficulties. The Kremlin has already tually continuous for four days) were year treaty. The point of the remark Brandt hit on the same point. "I do indicated its strong desire to help in aimed at filling in the empty frame­ was political more than economic. It not have the impression," he said, "that this process of bolstering European work of the economic deal. Concur­ was designed to reassure the German the Soviet leaders love the idea of capitalism- in exchange for some rently with the Brandt-Brezhnev talks bourgeoisie that the Kremlin had no a permanent American military pres­ gains for the Soviet economy. But there were sessions involving the FRG thought of trying to extend the so­ ence in Europe. But at the same time, whether increased trade and even in­ and Soviet trade ministers and spe­ cial system prevailing in the German I have the feeling that they want to vestment in the Soviet Union can do cial sessions involving Egon Bahr Democratic Republic to the FRG, and begin discussions on mutual reduc- this is quite another question.

6 Argentina Mass mobilizations. prison rebellions force campora to free. prisoners From Intercontinental Press en over by the guerrilla prisoners, the 1 tion. 'If this is done,' he added, 'the Around 2:00 a.m., May 26, only By DAVID THORSTAD rioters could be seen through the win­ crowd will disperse.' a nucleus of some 2,000 demonstra­ Late in the evening of his inaugu­ dows of the three floors hailing the "A little after 10:00 p.m., Abal Me­ tors remai.Ded outside the prison. They ration May 25, Argentine President demonstrators who were gathering in dina climbed onto the . w·all and, were reportedly determined to wait un­ Hector Campora announced a sweep­ the street. The outside walls of Cell­ through the same megaphone that the til the last prisoner had been released. ing amnesty of all the country's po­ block 3 were covered with the ban­ guerrilla had used, announced that According to the May 27 La Opinion, litical prisoners. Faced with deter­ ners of all the guerrilla movements within one hour the pardon would a large number already had been re­ mined crowds of tens of thousands of leased, but an undisclosed number ap­ demonstrators who stormed prisons pear to have still remained inside. At demanding the immediate release of that point, "around twenty patrol cars the prisoners and with rebellions in­ and six -armored cars unexpectedly side some prisons, he immediately de­ happened into the square. Immediate­ clared a par-don for all political pris­ ly, the sound of machine-gun fire oners, declining to wait for the new could be heard, followed by intermit­ Congress to approve an amnesty law tent gunshots from weapons of vari­ the next day. ous calibers. The group of demon­ The movewas a clear vindication of strators quickly dispersed and the the political forces- the Partido So­ area continued to be patrolled well cialista de los Trabajadores (PST­ into the early hours of the morning; Socialist Workers party) in the for·e­ according to some, the patrol was front- that had made the fate of the met by gunfire from some roofs." poiitical prisoners a central issue of The incident left two teen-age boys the election campaign. Throughout the dead, one a Peronist, the other a mem­ preinaugural period these groupings ber of a Marxist group. Twenty were sought to mobilize mass action as the wounded. only way to ensure the release of all The regional office of the Peronist the political prisoners. Youth subsequently issued a statement During the campaign, Campora had accusing ''various_ groups that showed promised that his government would that they do not understand the mean­ declare an amnesty that would be ing of the popular triumph" of pro­ "broad, generous and just." This was Hundreds of thousands demonstrated in Buenos Aires during Campora's inauguration voking the shoot-out. Although just generally understood to mean that what transpired is not entirely clear, some of the prisoners, presumably cer­ La Opinion interpreted the statement tain non-Peronist guerrillas, would not that were active throughout the coun­ take effect. Never had the Devoto in its May 29 issue as being directed be freed. Those campaigning for the try during the military regime that neighborhood witnessed greater re­ against "the members of the Ejercito release of all the prisoners responded came to an end yesterday. With the joicing. Cablegrams indicated that the Revolucionario del Pueblo (ERP) and to that by demanding: "Not a single aid of a megaphone, Peronist guer­ city of Rawson was the scene of simi­ other Marxist groups that took part day with political prisoners under the rillas and guerrillas of the Ejercito lar jubilation." in the mobilizations aimed at freeing people's government." Revolucionario del Pueblo [ERP­ Even before Campora granted the the political prisoners in that prison." This demand was the _central focus Revolutionary Army of the People] pardon, a number of parliamentary Rebellions similar to the one in Villa of the huge and festive crowd that spoke to the crowd of people below, gathered in the Plaza de Mayo early who were hoisting the colors of Argen­ on the day of the inauguration. tina and of the various revolutionary But what really forced Campora to groups. sorue prisoners not vet released grant a total amnesty, and to move "The enthusiasm of the crowd, which The U.S. Committee for Justice to Latin American Political Prisoners up his timetable for doing so, was the was arriving in caravans, on foot, ( USLA) reported June 4 that 26 to 39 Argentine armed forces person­ events at Villa Devoto Prison in Bue­ and in trucks and automobiles, made nel are still in prison for political reasons, despite the amnesty declared nos Aires, where many politiclil pris­ it appear likely that the doors would by the Campora regime. Some of these military political prisoners were oners were being held. soon give in. The repeated chants of jailed by the Lanusse government because they spoke out against the the crowd were directed against the . brutal killing of 16 young political prisoners at the Trelew Naval Base former heads of the armed forces and prison on Aug. 22, 1972; others participated in pro-Peronist demonstra­ the police and wished long life to the tions. people, Peron, and the guerrillas." Judy White, editor of the USLA Reporter, described the release of the In the late afternoon, negotiations bulk of the political prisoners in Argentina as a "tremendous breakthrough began between the crowd and the au­ for human rights. This victory," she said, "will be complete when the im­ thorities on the inside. At 8:45 p.m., prisoned Argentine servicemen are released." the crowd agreed to support an ulti­ White urged supporters of civil liberties to follow up the recent amnesty matum, presented by Fred Ernst of the by writing or wiring President Campora on this matter. ''We in the U, S. Montoneros and Pedro Caces Cama­ have the duty to let the Campora government know we support their rero of the ERP: The authorities were initiative on this issue and to let them know we won't be satisfied until given forty minutes to respond. these soldiers, sailors, and coastguardsmen have been freed," she said. "After 9:00 p.m., the secretary gen­ The amnesty in Argentina climaxes a year-and-a-half campaign by eral of the Peronist movement, Dr. USLA to aid victims of the repression there. The USLA campaign was Juan Manuel Abal Medina, announced initiated after several Argentine human rights organizations appealed that the prisoners would be released for participation in an international campaign ·to free Argentine political that very night," continued La Opi­ prisoners. Using such methods as mass literature distributions, nationwide speak­ nion. "Throughout all this, there were ing tours, teach-ins, radio and TV programs, newspaper articles, demon­ no signs of the military or the police. strations, and letter-writing ca:rr.paigns directed at newspapers and the The doors seemed on the verge of Argentine government, USLA was able to inform and arouse tens of giving in under the pressure of the Campara: bows to popular pressure thousands of North Americans about the repression in Argentina. throng. Inside the prison, the number In addition to reporting on the remaining political prisoners in Argen­ of guards had been reduced and the tina, White announced that at a recent meeting of USLA officers "a major prisoners were in control of telephone campaign to aid victims of the Brazilian dictatorship was projected." By late afternoon May 25, the first communications. At 10:00 p.m., Pe­ USLA has decided to focus on Brazil, the largest and most populous columns of demonstrators began ar­ dro Caces Camarero, a member of country in Latin America, because of its centrality to events in the rest riving outside the prison. The pris­ the ERP, climbed onto the wall that of Latin America and because of the role of the U.S. government in oners in Cellblocks 2 and 3 had faces Bermudez Street, and announced financing and training the repressive forces there. already rebelled and were in control to the crowd that he had spoken by of the situation on the inside. The telephone with Minister of the Interior Buenos Aires daily La Opinion gave Esteban Righi. • deputies who were inside the prison Devoto occurred in other prisons. In the following account: "He announced that Campora was had decided, together with prison offi- most cases, common prisoners report­ "In Cellblock 2, the common pris­ prepared to pardon the prisoners, al- cials, to go ahead on their own and edly managed to take advantage of oners had set fire to bed sheets, blan­ though this would require 'a few sign a document releasing the politi- the chaos to escape. In Buenos Aires, kets, and clothes, which they suspend­ hours.' Caces Camarero asked the cal prisoners. They reached the deci- Caseros Prison was virtually occu­ ed through the bars of the windows. demonstrators not to disperse- in sion that such a move was necessary, pied, although, according to the May From the street a poster could be seen spite of the fact that Righi had request- according to La Opinion, "by taking 27 La Opinion, "the political prison­ that announced 'Common Prisoners ed that they do so- and shouted that into account the situation prevailing in ers subsequently reported that it had ·Back the Guerrillas.'" The common 'a popular government cannot repress the vicinity of the building." in fact been a case of revelry that got prisoners asked only that their sen­ the people.' Then he said that he had At 11:00 p.m., the first group of out of hand." A couple of days later, tences be reduced, as is customary asked that the pardon be announced prisoners emerged from the jail, to be 150 common prisoners held in the during the granting of amnesties. over radio and television so that the greeted by relatives who were among Borda Neuropsychiatric Hospital tn "In Cellblock 3, which had been tak- people would be aware of the situa- the demonstrators. Continued on following page

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 7 Argentina

Witch-hunt laws wl~ed off the books Peronists seek to establish leftist image From Intercontinental Press mediately available, Minister of Labor Another example of popular expec­ evant to the needs of the country's The Peronist government headed by Ricardo Otero reportedly stated that tations was the occupation of the capitalist economy by stressing scien­ Hector Campora has quickly moved the minimum monthly salary could offices of the Buenos Aires Municipal tific and technological research in ac­ to the front of the political stage as not be lower than 250,000 old pesos Housing Commission beginning May cord with a coherent overall policy, the generals withdr,aw to the wings. (approximately US$250). "A fair sal­ 24, the day before Campora's inau­ and to replace the elitist orientation The first act of the Peronist-led Con­ ary is defined by the official as one guration, by 400 men, women, and of education under the Lanusse regime gress when it met May 26 was to that 'makes it possible to live, eat, children. They set up residence in the with a policy of extending cultural adopt the administration's proposal to have access to culture, education, and offices to dramatize their need for and educational opportunities to all free all the political prisoners. The housing- a· dignified wage,'" Kandel housing. Since the middle of the layers of society. amnesty canceled the convictions and reported. "This is counterposed to the month, a number of housing units As a first step in implementing the thus went beyond the scope of the - concept of real wages, which for Otero in the city had been occupied by peo­ new ·,approach, a large number of special pardon decreed the night be­ is 'a monstrosity of the dictatorship ple dissatisfied with the way the Peronist teachers, student, and univer­ fore by Camp ora, which, so to speak, sity employees' organizations occupied forgave but did not forget. The mea­ all the schools and rectorships of the sure was voted unanimously in the national universities of Buenos Aires Senate, and the Chamber of Deputies and La Plata May 28. The official followed suit. reason given for the mobilization was The amnesty will also apply to per­ "to prevent the outgoing authorities sons convicted under unconstitutional frpm removing compromising doc­ laws. According to the May 27 issue uments and, at the same time, to carry of the Buenos Aires daily La Opinion, out a temporary experiment in gov­ this would include some 400 persons ernment by the students, teachers, and in the province of Misiones who were nonteaching staff of the universities." convicted of simply belonging to Ernesto Ramirez, secretary general agrarian leagues. of the Asociaci6n de Trabajadores de In addition to the amnesty, the par­ la Universidad de La Plata (Univer­ liament enacted the government's pro­ sity of La Plata Workers Association), posals to abolish the repressive leg­ told La Opinion (May 29) that the islation of the dictatorship, including aim of the occupations was "in the the special courts, going back to 1966, first place, to introduce the national and the antisubversive law. revolution into the restructuring of the These measures were put into effect university beginning May 25; second, on May 27. The Communist party, to preserve the property of the educa­ which had been outlawed for seven tional establishments; and third, ·to years under this legislation, immedi­ take necessary steps to see to it that ately opened up headquarters in Argentine workers expect the Campora government to solve problems such as slum 'the university functions better than in Buenos Aires and held meetings in housing of the type shown above. the past. We want to develop an am­ Canning and Corrientes. bitious plan for liberation." The government also announced the whereby the salary amounts to what housing problem was being handled Campora was obviously seeking establishment of diplomatic relations is necessary for eating, living, and by the official agency. through these swift measures to assure with Cuba, North Korea, and East sleeping."' An important section of Campora's the people that he really intends to Germany. inaugural address May 25 dealt with carry out all his election campaign Another measure that would greatly A demonstration May 28 by som.e revitalizing Argentina's educational promises. If he can win sufficient credit enhance the popularity of the Peronist 3,000 pensioners and retired people system, which has suffered from a among the masses through these pop­ regime is in the works, reported Pablo outside the government house indi­ sclerosis under the military dictator­ ular first acts, this will enable him to Kandel, writing in the May 27 La cated what the masses expect of the ship. His proposals for education fit postpone more far-reaching actions. Opinion. This is an increase in wages. Peronist government in response to in with his proposals for revitalizing The time gained will be used to con­ This measure, he said, will be given their needs. They demanded an im­ the sagging economy. The objective centrate on consolidating his regime, "top governmental consideration." Al­ mediate, emergency increase in their is to stem the "brain drain" phenom­ cutting down the opposition to his left, though details of just what the gov­ monthly income of 500 pesos ( ap­ enon common to underdeveloped and blocking the trend of the masses ernment would propose were not im- proximately US$50). countries, to make education more rel- toward a socialist revolution. .. .campora gov·t frees political prisoners Continued from preceding page planes. The fuselage of one had been in 1964 and were serving life sen­ ERP, Montoneros, F AP, F AL[Fuerzas the capital rioted. They took two pa­ spray-painted with the slogan: "Glory tences. Armadas de Liberacion- Liberation tients and four guards hostage, threat­ to the Trelew martyrs." Le Monde reported that the number Armed Forces] Airport.' They also ening to kill them if they were not Philippe Labreveux described the ar­ of political prisoners who had been lowered the flag from the pole in the released. rival in the May 29 issue of the Paris freed in the amnesty totaled more than airport's courtyard and hoisted In Cordoba, common prisoners riot­ daily Le Monde: "The fighters in the 1,000. it again after painting a five-pointed ed after twenty political prisoners were popular resistance got 'off the plane An example of the surge of enthu­ red star and the letters of the above­ released. Some fifty common prison­ with the Peronists flashing the V-sign siasm and direct action that attended mentioned armed organizations on it. ers were said to have escaped, taking for victory, while the others raised the the release of the political prisoners advantage of an assault on the prison clenched fist. On the r:unway, relatives was the take-over of Bejamin Matienzo "At the same time, they put up a by demonstrators who were demand­ and friends, as well as their comrades Airport in Tucuman the evening of sign in the control tower that said: ing the release of the political prison­ in arms, greeted them with banners May 27 by relatives of political pris­ 'Welcome, fighters of the people. Pop­ ers. The prison archives were com­ and signs bearing the symbols of the oners, university students belonging ular justice for the Trelew murder­ pletely destroyed. underground organizations: the FAR to various political tendencies, and ers.' They also painted slogans on an On May 2 8, a dozen or so inmates [Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias­ a group of the Peronist Youth. For ambulance and on the walls and doors of the Cordoba women's prison Buen Revolutionary Armed Forces], the three hours they kept airline person­ of the building. Pastor rioted. They demanded im­ F AP [Fuerzas Armadas Peronistas­ nel and passengers inside the airport "The Peronist Youth also put up proved conditions and medical ser­ Peronist Armed Forces], the ERP, etc. in anticipation that a plane carrying a big sign in the airport vestibule vices in the prison and a speedup Several of the young militants covered twenty-two political prisoners from bearing the slogan: 'Peron and Evita, of the legal proceedings against them. their faces with handkerchiefs or stock­ Buenos Aires and Trelew was going the Socialist Fatherland.' Some 800 prisoners rioted in the ings so as not to be recognized be­ to land there. The occupation was "On the other hand, there were also provincial penitentiary in Mendoza af­ cause, they said, 'the struggle con­ ·lifted when it became clear that no chanting competitions between the Per­ ter a visit by Governor Alberto Mar­ tinues.' A group_ of revolutionists plane carrying the prisoners was go­ onist and leftist groups. While the tinez Baca. He came to the prison wearing the legendary starred beret ing to arrive at the airport. former sang the Peronist march and to free political prisoners jailed dur­ of Che Guevara chanted:' Every fighter chanted slogans like 'Hey, hey, ho, ing the uprising there in April 1972. who has been freed will find his gun According to a report in the May ho, the prisoners have been freed on In Rawson, too, prisoners took over awaiting him.'" 29 issue of the Buenos Aires daily orders from Peron,' the latter chanted their cellblocks demanding that they Among the arrivals were the two La Prensa, "the groups of young peo­ 'the masses have triumphed, the pris­ be released. They did so at 2:00 a.m. longest-jailed political prisoners in ple arrived at the airport a little after oners have been freed.' In addition, ·May 26, after learning abouttheevents Argentina: Frederico J ouve and noon after hearing that the political in an effort to unify the groups, vari­ at Villa Devoto. By late afternoon Hector Mendez, members of tile Ejer­ prisoners were to arrive by plane. ous speakers from the Peronist Youth of the same day, 200 political pris­ cito Guerrillero del Pueblo ( EG P- Peo­ While they waited, they painted the and another one who claimed to repre­ oners from Rawson arriv~d at Ezeiza ple's . Guerrilla Army). They had following slogan across the front of sent the ERP spoke about the need airport in the capital in three air- helped organize an uprising in Salta the building: 'Heroes of Trelew, FAR, for unity among the armed groups."

8 Argentina san. Luis workers show way_ forward Campara sworn in amid mass upsurge From Intercontinental Press of all · Argentines. This hope was great hopes and self-confidence on the had asked him not to make any "It was a fiesta day," Le Monde's dashed. Campara had to takehisleave part of the masses of the people. changes and to leave such problems correspondent wrote from Buenos of the outgoing president and La­ The problems that may face the new to the incoming regime. Aires May 25, the day the Argentine nusse's two other junta colleagues at government were eX:emplified by the The workers refused to wait. They military handed the government over the helicopter that took them to their government workers strike that oc­ called an assembly that was attended to the Peronist president-elect. "No one respective homes. In view of the turn curred a little more than a week before by 2,000 persons, including the local could resist the infectious joy of the that events had taken, the armedforces the inauguration in San Luis, a city secretary of the CGT, Albarracin. hundreds of thousands of Peronists decided to call off the parade sched­ of about 40,000 in the far northwest "Our party called on Compafiero roaming through the avenues of the uled for that afternoon." of Argentina. Albarracin to convoke a membership city.... The great popular mobilization gave "On May 14-15, on two consecutive meeting of the CGT," the PST weekly "When the sun came up, the Plaza Campara the power to force a hu­ occasions, more than 2,000 public em- reported, "in order to decide on mea- de Mayo, the administrative center of miliating surrender by the military the city and the site of the presidential on the point probably closest to their palace, was already thick with peo­ hearts. ple. Youths had spent the night clus­ "Only one military man had a smile tered around palm trees and the public on his lips Friday [May 25]," benches in the midst of a cacophony Le Monde's correspondent noted. of 'bombos,' the big native drums. "That was Jorge Raul Carcagno, the "With the first light of dawn on May new commander in chief of the army. 25, columns of trade-unionists began In abandoning their politicalfunctions, to form on the historic esplanade, soon the generals .Lanusse and Rey, as well spilling over into the Avenida de as Admiral Coda, gave up their posts Mayo." as the commanders of their respective This massive popular outpouring services. They had long foreseen such was the culmination of an upsurge a possibility and had named their throughout the country in the weeks chiefs of staff to succeed them in the preceding the military's formal sur­ interim period. But Campara did not render of power. Its size and force, pay any attention to this last deci­ unexpected by the ruling circles, sion, and one of his first decrees was seem to have significantly changed to name three new commanders. The the terms of the deal between the Peron­ appointment of General Carcagno, one ists and the dictatorship that led to the of the youngest field generals, who was restoration of constitutional govern­ promoted to his rank only last year, ment. The balance the military had forced the retirement of eight of his hoped to maintain between the elected colleagues, including General Alcides government and the armed forces com­ L6pez Aufranc, Tomas sanchez de mand was badly upset. The over- Bustamante, and Jaime de Nevares. .. whelming tide that was running It is Lanusse's 'camarilla,' his 'clique,' against the generals was symbolized, that is leaving, that seems to have Illusions of the masses in the new Peronist government may not last long. , among other things, by some hasty been purged." changes in the progra.m for the day. After the threats and pressures from As the retiring dictator, General Ale­ right-wing military circles in the last ployees in San Luis entered the gov­ sures to back up. the public workers. jandro Lanusse, handed the new legal­ weeks before Camp ora's inauguration, ernment building and hung out a huge He agreed, promising to do so the ly elected President Hector Campara the generals had to entrust the job banner: 'The Casa de Gobierno is same day. the symbols of office, the immense of saVing capitalism in Argentina en­ occupied,'" reported Avanzada Socia­ "Then, the compafieros marched in crowd surrounding the presidential tirely to lil demagogic Peroilist gov­ lista, the weekly paper of the PST a ten-block-long demonstration ... palace took up the shout: "Go to it, ernment for the time being. The retreat [Partido Socialista de los Trabajado­ and when they reached the Casa de Granddad" [an affectionate term for of the military from the political arena res- Socialist Workers party] in its Gobierno, they entered and began this Campara]. Inside the chamber itself, was matched by a retreat of the re­ May 23 issue. "As far as we can re­ first historic occupation.... a young priest from the slum areas pressive forces. After trying briefly to member, this is the first time such "The governor, Senor Blanco Mo­ took up the shout. control the more exuberant elements a thing has happened in our country, reno, went to the police station in "Then the audience began singing in the huge crowd, the police withdrew. and it shows the extraordinary com­ Puente Blanco and ordered the chief, the martial song that had been banned "A revolutionary climate reigned in bativity of the compafieros, who are even threatening him with a gun, to for eighteen years," Le Monde's cor­ the Plaza de Mayo," Le Monde's cor­ sick of every kind of brush-off and clear out the Casa de Gobierno; but respondent wrote. "The government respondent reported. "The Peronist humiliation at the hands of the au­ he refused. Blanco Moreno went to had changed hands, and the measures youth had entirely taken it over, rais­ thorities." the government building on foot be­ of the Peronist song were hardly stilled ing enormous banners hailing the cause his chauffeur refused to drive when Campara swore in the ministers 'special formations' [guerrilla groups] Avanzada Socialista praised the mo­ · him the last few blocks, which were of his cabinet, all civilians. The defeat -the F AP [Fuerzas Armadas Peronis­ bilization of the government workers totally occupied by public workers of the military was complete." tas-Peronist Armed Forces], the FAR in San Luis as pointing the way for and a hostile population." The Gran Acuerdo Nacional (Great [Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias­ all sections of the workers in the pe­ Blanco Moreno appealed to the National Agreement) vanished in the Revolutionary Armed Forces], and riod opened up by the retreat of the army to intervene. But it was decided midst of an overwhelming repudiation above all the Montoneros [named for capitalist class from open dictatorship only to call for a "peaceful evacua­ of the military dictatorship. the partisans in the war of indepen­ and repression: tion." The workers agreed to leave, "The military had hoped that by dence]. The star of the ERP [Ejercito "In their exemplary struggle, we and then held a new mass assembly, setting the date for the ascension of Revolucionario del Pueblo- Revolu­ think that the San Luis workers used where they received promises of sup­ the new government on May 25, tionary Army of the People] appeared the meth,ods that should be employed port from the students, as well as the national holiday and the occasion here and there. by the working class to gain its ob­ public workers in other towns. of a big parade, they could get the "Everybody, Peronists, Marxists, na­ jectives. In the first place, they got In the meantime, a delegation sent people to applaud them, forgetting the tionalists, and Trotskyists, chanted at a democratic organization, and their to the governor returned. Blanco Mo­ past in the name of a reconciliation the top of their lungs: 'Si Evita decisions were taken in rank-and-file reno had reiterated that it was up vzvzera, seria Montonera' (If Evita asseii!blies. In the second place, they to the new governor to settle the [Per6n] were alive, she would be a did not rely on the promises of the matter. The PST introduced a motion Montonera). Violent clashes occurred present authorities or those who will to send a delegation to the Peronist between excited young people and the take office on May 25; they trusted headquarters. It passed. police, who reported suffering several only in struggle and in concrete deeds. "But t]:ley couldn't find anybody," serious casualties. The acrid odor of In the third place, they were able to reported Avanzada Soeialista. . "The tear gas still floated in the air when put such pressure on the Peronist entire Peronist leadership in San Luis the helicopter transporting Campara leaders, the government-elect and the had disappeared. And so they decided landed on the roof of the Casa Rosada CGT [Confederaci6n General de los to call a new demonstration." At the [the presidential palace]. The police Trabajadores - General Confedera­ mass rally, the announcement came had disappeared, leaving the field tion of Labor] as to gain support that the government had capitulated. clear for the leaders of the Peronist from them in deeds and not words. "Some 2,500 compafieros marched youth." And finally, by their example, they through the streets, shouting: 'We If the breadth of the popular up­ were able to gain the. support of other Won.' 'Fight and Win, Workers to surge enabled Camp ora to impose his sectors of the population (including Power!' ... terms entirely on the military in the even the police, who refused to repress "Later a spontaneous rally devel­ matter of dividing up powers in the them)." oped in the Plaza Pringles in which new administration, it also placed full The outgoing governor refused to May 16 was declared 'the day of the responsibility !or running the country take up the demand!! of the workers Puente Blanco workers.' And they lanusse: his supporters have been in ·the hands of the new government on the grounds that the public em­ were right. That day, the workers purged. that was taking· office in a climate of ployees union and the governor-elect ruled San Luis."

THE MILiTANT/JUNE 15, 1973 9 In Our Opinion Letters

Fan mail family. New wage controls? The Militant's layout has gotten bet­ These are relationships we have The Senate Democratic Caucus voted unanimously June 4 ter and better. Keep up the good come to call 1) parental and 2) male chauvinism. But the real importance to work to enact a new 90-day "wage-price freeze." Demo­ work. After having read the latest issues of neither can be fully grasped un­ crat Wilbur Mills of the powerful House Ways and Means less one understands them as differ­ Committee has also called for the reintroduction of strict of The Call, Challenge, and Workers Vanguard, I really appreciate the ent aspects of the generally exploita­ "wage-price controls." The Nixon administration has hinted appearance of a nonsectarian, tive relations among people in Ma­ that it too favors a tightening of controls, although Nixon Trotskyist weekly. nupur, relations that have a definite wants more flexibility for gouging the wages of working. L.M. material base: the class structure in people than these schemas would provide. Saltsjo-Boo, Sweden Manu pur. These proposals are presented as ways to "stop inflation"­ Your reviewer is correct in main­ but this is a hoax. taining that "forced motherhood is As the history of all government "wage-price controls" has no more desirable than forced ster­ ilization." What she fails to clarify, shown, it is always wages that end up being controlled, while People's Park To add to your suspicions of domes­ however, (and what is the point of prices and profits run wild. This is because the corporations my book), is that forced parenthood have an interest in enforcing controls against the workers, tic counterinsurgency, consider the following. We were heavily involved · in Manupur is structurally enforced while the government-which is made up of servants of the in the People's Park movement in and not the result of "traditions" employers-has no interest in clamping down on prices and May and June 1969. In the struggle (parental or male chauvinism). profits. · one young person, James Rector, Because of the class society they In their recent resolution, the Senate Democrats admit that was killed and 150 were shot. This live in, the poor in Manupur have under Nixon's controls, prices and profits have skyrocketed violence is what most people know only one hope for a bearable future: -but not wages. The statement notes that "workers' wages about People's Park. their children. Thus the conclusion: it have fallen behind in the inflation cycle." At the time we felt we .were in con­ will not be possible to substantially The . only way workers can protect themselves and their trol of what was going on, and we alter reproductive practices in Manu­ pur, or in lndia, through an educa­ families from inflation is by opposing wage controls, by felt we determined the circumstances. But later, as we did research for a tional program (what the population defending their right to freely bargain for decent wage in­ planners advocate), no matter how creases, and by fighting for cost-of-living escalator clauses book that was never published, we came to believe that we were set up "radical" it be, without a prior in all union contracts. to demonstrate the man's violence change in the class structure. The fight for an escalator clause is a key issue in the current against us. Finally, when I write of a woman negotiations in the electrical industry. The United Electrical Some of the clues: in Manupur as being "a source of la­ Workers and the International Union of Electrical Workers Then Attorney General John Mit­ bor power," I am not "accepting as have turned down a proposed contract with Westinghouse chell had been ip. town and had had unshakable the traditional Indian because it continues a "cap" on cost-of-living increases, rather dinner with the district attorney and norm that woman's chief role is to than allowing wage increases commensurate with price rises. the Alameda County sheriff directly bear as many children as possible." Neither do I mean to idealize repro­ The only way working people can have some "control" before the shooting. When you further think of all the ductive practices in India when I over the effects of rising prices and inflation is to win ade­ seek to explain their structural ba­ quate escalator clauses in their contracts. It's time to turn agents that must have been in Ber­ keley, you see that it only took one sis. Far from it. My purpose is tc;> things around in this country. Instead of the bosses and the or two to trigger the actions leading explain social relations in Manupur government telling the workers, "If you insist on wage in­ to the shooting. as they are, not as they should be, creases, prices will only go up as a result," the workers should 1) Who threw the first bottles that nor as they can be. If we are to start telling the capitalists that so long as prices go up, the precipitated the sherifrs attack? change this world, it is important workers will insist on commensurate increases in wages. 2) In Dan Siegel's trial (the former that we first understand it. In fighting for adequate escalator clauses, the labor move­ Associated Students of the University Mahmood Mamdani ment is seriously hampered by its support to politicians of of California vice-president accused Wembley, England the Democratic and Republican parties. As demonstrated by of inciting to riot) it came out that their stands in favor of wage controls, these demagogues the sound on the UC controlled mi­ are merely agents of the capitalists. Working people need a crophone was mysteriously cut off Rape labor party, based on and controlled by the trade unions, right after he uttered, "So let's take the park ...." This set the stage for Linda Jenness's column on rape in order to wage an effective struggle against all "wage-price the attack. (The Militant, June 1, "'Law and or­ control" hoaxes. 3) That night, the then-mayor of der' on rape?") ignores the biggest Berkeley, Wallace Johnson, appeared problem in getting rape convictions: on TV with cut-to-the-exact-length the woman's whole sexual history is metal rods he claimed were thrown considered fair game for lawyer's at the police. questions. Therefore, women rarely ·sales victory! These are just a few facts, easily take their case to court. obtainable by a reporter. But there The Militant should give some cov­ Militant supporters went all out in their efforts to sell our are other massacres that could also erage to groups of women working June !i issue, topping 10,000 in single-copy street sales. This be checked out, like the 1969 Orange­ in creative ways to combat rape. breakthrough was the culmination of a three-month drive burg, S. C., massacre of Black stu­ Janet Heller aimed at reaching street sales of 7,000. (See story, page 3.) dents. Was this too part of a nation­ Madison, Wis. Last week's effort represents the largest sales of a single issue al plot to repress us? of The Militant since the massive April 24, 1971, antiwar Michael Delacour demonstrations, when 10,400 Militants were sold. Wendy Schlesinger New York, N.Y. The goal of The Militant is to become the mass circulation Convinced now socialist weekly in the United States. Along with periodic I have harbored socialist views for the past few years, an action caused large subscription drives (more than 35,000 introductory by personal radicalization resulting subscriptions were sold in the fall of 1972 ), campaigns to Author replies from my experiences with racism, the raise the street sales are an essential tool in building the I read with interest and concern war in Vietnam, etc. But I was never circulation of the revolutionary weekly. Cindy Jaquith's review of my book, entirely convinced of the necessity of The result of the sales drive was to heighten both conscious­ The Myth of Population Control: a socialist revolution until the last ness about the importance of selling The Militant and the Family, Class and Caste in an In­ two weeks when I attempted to find a level of organization of sales in all the branches of the So­ dian Village (The Militant, March 2). summer job. cialist Workers Party and Young Socialist Alliance. The enthu­ My book is about social relations I am a college student with a fair­ siasm and organization that went into the drive can now in Manupur, a village in the Indian ly high index; I pride myself on pre­ be carried over into the summer months. Punjab which for the last few "decades senting a decent appearance; and my has been undergoing a process in The Militant tells the truth about capitalist society. In recent father is a very influential member capitalist transformation. of the community. Yet business after months the unique role of The Militant has been demonstrated Manupur is like any other class business I have gone to has told me in our coverage of Nixon's real aims in Indochina, the fight society where a working person nei­ they are not hiring, and in many against inflation; the building of the African Liberation Day ther develops into nor is treated as cases that they are laying off. Pres­ protests, the Watergate scandal, and the farm workers strug­ . a total, integrated human being. In­ ently I am driving a cab at ridicu­ gle. stead, this person is viewed in purely lously low wages. I am hopeful of We thank all our supporters who helped get these issues instrumental terms-as a worker. catching on somewhere else, but my of The Militant into the hands of thousands of new readers. This exploitative view of people is question is this: If I, a college stu­ We especially salute those who were the backbone of this not just confined to relations across dent from an upper-middle-class .drive, who consistently took the time to sell The Militant class lines; a product and reflection background desiring work primarily several times each week and set the example for all partici­ of the larger society, it is also an to earn personal money for luxuries, cannot find work -what of the poor pants in the effort. aspect of relationships among work­ ing people, including the most inti­ and unskilled who need work in or­ mate of relations, those within the der to survive?

10 National Picket Line Marvel Scholl

I haven't yet mentioned the de­ meaning application process or the oppressive factory conditions I wit­ A toe in the door nessed. Of course, they are just an­ The Occupational Safety and Health Act, passed in these dangerous chemicals are used. In these areas other side of the coin of capitalist 1970, became effective in April 1971. It is now two there can be no smoking or smoking materials, food oppression. Like the incident here years old, but what has happened to that allegedly or beverages, or water dispensers. Further, the com­ last week when a young man, os­ "important social legislation" designed to "assure as panies must provide protective, pressurized clothing tensibly drunk and obnoxious, was far as possible every working man and woman in for the employees in controlled areas, "clean" and beaten to the point of a blood clot the nation safe and healthful working conditions"? "dirty" changing rooms, and shower facilities com­ by three city policemen while he was According to Sylvia Porter, the syndicated columnist plying with OSHA sanitation standards. They must handcuffed. whose "Your Dollar" is not noted for any prolabor begin to report on medical surveillance programs, The time is now to lay the ground­ bias, the act has been a "bitter disappointment to all monitoring systems, the location of all controlled work for a socialist revolution. Keep involved.... workers and ... businessmen." areas, the number of workers exposed during each up your excellent reporting job-so In her May 6 column in the Denver Post Porter workweek, and the way cancer-causing chemicals are vital to the laying of that ground­ points out that "in this whole two-year period, safety handled. work. criteria have been developed for only eight hazards: By August 2 all affected industrial plants must have D.S. asbestos, lead, carbon monoxide, ultraviolet radia­ established constant ventilation systems that create Allegany, N. Y. tion, beryllium, coke oven emissions, noise and heat." lower air pressure inside to preclude contamination Each cause cancer, silicosis, asbestosis, or other forms of changing rooms and other rounding areas. of black lung-like diseases. None of the so-called safety standards are strong enough to protect the Stender also announced that a 15-member advisory In solitary confinement workers involved. committee would be set up to establish permanent I would like to order a subscription During these two years, the under-budgeted Oc­ safety standards in all industries that use cancer­ to The Militant. I am in the "hole" cupational Safety and Health Administration (Labor producing materials. here at this concentration camp, and Department) has made inspections in only 1 percent If this committee moves with the same deliberate receiving The Militant would be a of U.S. workplaces. Inspectors found 167,352 viola­ "speed" the OSHA administration has "administered" pure delight. tions and issued 34,355 citations. the 1970 Occupational Safety and Health Act with, it A prisoner Porter says further that each year U.S. workers will be a long time indeed before the other industries Kansas suffer 10 million on-the-job injuries, and 26 million guilty of using cancer-producing materials are workers are disabled -90,000 of them permanently. brought under the umbrella. The April 11 Wall Street Journal estimates that How powerful the industrial owners of this country 14,000 workers are killed each year, and that 100,- are in protecting their own interests can be seen in the story in the June 4 issue of the U. S. News & World Donation 000 die from occupationally caused diseases. Now, after pressure from the Oil, Chemical and Report on the settlement of the Shell Oil strike at Enclosed is a check. Please send $10 Atomic Workers Union, the Health Research Group, Deer Park, Texas. One of the major issues in this worth of The Militant to any prison­ the United Steelworkers, the AFL-CIO Industrial strike was the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers' er or prisoners who you think needs Union Department, and several private environmental demand for binding arbitration on health and safety them. organizations, the Occupational Safety and Health standards. The magazine says both sides claim "vic- · I have read much socialist litera­ Administration has admitted that there are 14 known tory" on this issue. But from the few facts given, it ture on their plight. I realize, for cancer-causing agents used in the chemical, rubber, looks to me as though the union took a real beating example, that prisoners are super­ dye and pigment, and flame-resistant fabric industries. on the question. exploited and condemned to work for On May 14, Assistant Secretary of Labor John They did get an extension of the powers of the 15 to 25 cents an hour. Stender announced that these manufacturers would present management-labor committee on health, but The greed of capitalism reflects it­ be placed under "temporary emergency standards" no binding. decisions can be made by this body. self clearly in the prison. system and to be phased in between May 18 and August 2. Maybe they did get a toe in the door-but only the mode of life it imposes on pris­ All such plants must establish control areas where a little toe. oners. N. T. Boston, Mass. i La Raza en Acci~n! Houston longshoremen Houston, never famous as a union Miguel Pendas stronghold, is now the scene of a particularly blatant attack on work­ ing people, specifically Local 1350 of the International Longshoremen's Association. ~Affirmative action' & B'nai B'rith When the city turned over con- trol of its grain elevators to a pri­ A few weeks ago I discussed how the Anti-Defamation "affirmative action" program. He said the federal vate company, the Dreyfus Corpora­ League of B'nai B'rith was attacking educational program is intended to increase hiring of national tion, Local 1350 members were ·as­ . institutions that have preferential admissions pro­ minorities and women without showing "preferential sured their status on the job would grams for women and members of oppressed nation­ treatment" or "reverse discrimination." be maintained under the new man­ alities. The ADL claims that this ~onstitutes "reverse What, you may ask, is this supposed to mean? agement. racism" and discrimination against white males. There is evidence to show that like most mumbo Since that time, Dreyfus has an­ As we pointed out, the claim that the ''best-qualified" jumbo that comes from Washington, it means that nounced a 25 percent pay cut, loss applicants should be accepted regardless of race is Chicanos, along with America's other oppressed of insurance benefits, and loss of re­ a phony, racist argument. The capitalist educational nationalities, will continue to get the short end of tirement benefits. As if that weren't system is geared to produce "underqualified" poor the stick. enough, the company has also re­ people and "underqualified" minorities, and that For example, a study of University of California fused to recognize or negotiate with surely includes Chicanos. They should not be denied staff hiring policy shows that the so-called affirmative the union. access to universities because of the faults of the action program has had little effect there. Their attack on the union members' system. According to the survey made by UC released wages and conditions set off a strike, Now there is evidence that the government is going May 9, there are pitifully few Chicano faculty. Among which has been in progress for two along with the demands of the ADL. 2,538 full professors, there are only 19 with Spanish weeks. The union is only asking Last. year, after the ADL made public its attacks surnames. for the right to maintain the same on preferential admissions and hiring, Samuel The sexist discrimination is even more blatant. wages and benefits that were guaran­ Solomon was appointed a special assistant in the For example, out of about 1,250 associate professors teed under their previous employer, Office of Civil Rights of the Department of Health, only two are Chicanas. Out of about 1,450 assistant the city of Houston. Education and Welfare. Solomon disclosed recently professors, only three are Chicanas. Kathy Stallworth that he has- begun to investigate the more than 70 According to the survey, among 14,000 academic Houston, Texas complaints filed by the ADL, and in the first 12 has employees of the nine UC campuses, 11.8 percent found evidence of "reverse discrimination" in every belong to oppressed nationalities. But when you con­ one. sider the university's work force as a whole, the He also said, "I've been out on the campus trail figure jumps to 17.9 percent. If you want to find in recent weeks and I'm getting the impression that out just where la raza is so well "represented" on The letters column is an open forum most institutions are engaging is some form of dis­ the campus work force, just check out the custodial for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ crimination against white males." staff, the cafeteria and kitchen help, the bookstore eral interest to our readers. Please Solomon said one institution he "investigated" had clerks, and the typists. keep your letters brief. Where neces­ a formula of hiring one woman or member of an Far from "going overboard" in bringing Chicanos sary they will be abridged. Please in- oppressed nationality for every three white males . into the university, affirmative action programs have . dicate if your name may be used or This is a violation of the federal government's barely begun the process. if you prefer that your initials be used instead.

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 11 The Great Society Harry Ring

Better check if it's still there- The Called their bluff- In our youth we after a roast beef dinner at Washing­ Francisco Airport officials explained London Express says Nixon's Water­ learned that bluffing is permissible in ton's Hotel Mayflower. Hotel officials that the problem was that the 26 air­ gate troubles stem from a curse put poker but that if you get caught you said it was an unprecedented occur­ lines using the airport all empty their on the Hope diamond by a Hindu lose. Recently the New York police rence. "But," reported the Washington airplane toilets into storm drains that priest 300 years ago. The 44. 5-karat sought to create the illusion that there Post, "one city official said yesterday run into the bay. The officials prom­ rock is currently in the Smithsonian were more cops in some areas than that diarrhea is a common problem ised a crackdown. Institute. Nixori, as president, is regent actually was the case. To do this they in any place that serves large amounts of the institute, and thereby custodian parked empty squad cars as "bluffs." of food, but diners usually don't Taking care of business- In a no­ of the stone. Operation Bluff has now been aban­ report it because they don't get to­ nonsense session, the Los Angeles city doned because the cars were being gether after the meal to compare notes council approved without discussion U nmaoist thoughts- According to stripped. as the Pepco executives did." a measure hiking their pay 76 percent Reuters, the Chinese People's Daily -from $17,000 to $30,000. In addi­ urged that more women be given po­ Our even-handed lawmakers- The Another airline service- Cited for tion, the council members receive a sitions of responsibility. The paper House Labor Committee approved a polluting San Francisco Bay, San $2,500 tax-free expense account. reportedly complained that "some bill to raise the federal minimum wage leading comrades still maintain that to $2.20 an hour in one year. It also young women giggle, middle-aged proposed a tax credit of up to $480 women procrastinate and are not effi­ a year for those who employ house­ cient, therefore it is not worth training hold domestic workers. them." The paper said this and other negative attitudes toward women were Compared notes-About 300 execu­ the results of "departmental egoism." tives of the Potomac Electric Power Clearly, of course, not old-fashioned Company, including its president, male chauvinism. were hit with cramps and diarrhea

Women In Revolt

Talk about standing things on their head and or being fired? Who's responsible for that? It's not The study says these women are subject to "special misplacing blame. The Neuropsychiatric Institute the women's liberation movement that discrimi­ psycho-sociological pressures." at the University of California has issued a report nates against women in hiring and promotions. That is certainly true, but these pressures don't that claims the women's liberation movement has It's not the women's liberation movement that fires come from the women's liberation movement. They produced a sharp increase in female suicides. The women first. And it's not the women's liberation come from the fact that capitalist society has placed study was reported in a New York Post article movement that gives women an unequal education Black women on the bottom of the pile in a dog­ entitled "Rise in Female Suicides Laid to Women's to begin with. eat-dog society. Lib." How about the loss of self-esteem when women Suicide among young people between the ages , During the past decade the suicide rate for women are forced onto welfare rolls when their child-care of 15 and 24-both male and female, Black and in California went from 10 per 100,000 to more centers are closed by Nixon's cutbacks? How about white-has more than doubled in the past 10 than 14 per 100,000. The male rate increased the loss of self-esteem when women's careers and years. These young people have been subjected from 22 to about 23 per 100,000. education are interrupted by unwanted preg­ to a society of violence, racism, sexism, moral Nancy Allen, a "suicide prevention expert," says nancies? How about the loss of self-esteem when hypocrisy and alienation-none of which were the increase in women suicides is the "price" women women are barraged with advertisements, books, caused by the women's liberation movement. are paying for becoming more involved outside and movies that portray them as mindless, help­ the family and in the work force. The implication less, sex-objects? The number of suicides in the United States is that if women would just stay home there would testifies to the sense of desperation and helpless­ be no pressures on them and no "price" to pay. Loss of self-esteem is certainly a factor in sui­ ness many individuals feel. But the blame for that Allen says, "Their drive for success and recogni­ cides, but it is not the women's liberation movement should be placed squarely where it belongs-on the tion has increased pressures and opened more that is responsible for it. Quite the opposite. back of capitalist society. possibilities for failure, and they are facing crises Feminists are fighting against the things that deni­ The feminist struggle, along with other social once restricted to men, things like loss of self­ grate and stereotype women. movements, is challenging the dehumanization of esteem by not making it on the job, or by being The study also reveals that the highest increase social and personal relationships. The struggles fired." in suicides in the past 10 years has been among for social justice are showing people that there is Loss of self-esteem by not making it on the job Black women between 20 and 24 years of age. a way to fight and that society can be changed.

By Any Means Necessary Baxter Smith Watergate & Black people Mark Smith, vice-chairman of the Youth Organiza­ pendent organization of Blacks and what that Moreover, the mere fact that the government tion for Black Unity, speaking to the New York could mean to their rule in Washington. That is organized a campaign to discredit and vilify African Liberation Day demonstration May 26, why, as these disclosures show, they have on nu­ Martin Luther King Jr., going so far as to bug made an important point in relation to theW ater­ merous occasions attempted to disrupt and dis­ every phone he used, . gives some indication of gate scandal. He said, 'We better start to un­ credit our struggle. their fears. derstand what Watergate means. If Nixon and The New York Times told of one official con­ This was done under Johnson, a Democrat. Rob­ them can run around and lie and cheat and steal nected with a secret White House report on internal ert Kennedy, another Democrat and a supposed and try to off people in the Democratic Party, domestic security who named "the most serious "friend of Blacks," has also been shown to have ·stop and think what they'll do to you ... will issue facing the Nixon Administration in mid- been involved in the plot against King. do, have done, and are doing." · 1970 as 'the Black problem.'" Thus, not only the Republicans, but the Demo­ The latest Watergate disclosures show that these crats as well, stand exposed. That is the meaning tactics of the Nixon gang have been used before. This report states that the White House in 1970 of these new revelations. These tactics are similar to those earlier administra­ urged the FBI to undertake a massive counter­ These Watergate tactics of espionage, thefts, and tions have used in attempts to thwart the develop­ insurgency program directed at the Black Panther disruption of the Black liberation movement won't ment of the Black liberation struggle. Party, among other groups. This counterinsurgency be eliminated merely by calling for the removal program was to consist of spying, wiretapping, and of· Nixon or the individuals in his administration Nixon and his associates in the Democratic and burglaries to obtain "incriminating" evidence aimed caught red-handed. They will only disappear when Republican parties have viewed the nationalist at destroying the Panthers. we throw out the entire kit and caboodle of Repub­ awakening of Blacks with intense fear; they un­ The report also reveals that the Johnson admin­ licans and Democrats and replace them with a gov­ derstand its importance to the politicalization of istration had already ordered infiltration of the ernment controlled by the working people and op­ other sectors of the population. They fear the inde- Panthers. pressed nationalities.

12 utlook A WEEKLY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO THE MILITANT BASED ON SELECTIONS FROM INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS, A NEWSMAGAZINE REFLECTING THE VIEWPOINT OF REVOLUTIONARY SOCIALISM.

JUNE15, 1973

the colonial emergency laws by going Political trials exP.ose real nature of regime before tribunals have for a long time understood that the principles of "jus­ tice and democracy" guide these tri­ bunals only as long as they serve the objectives of Zionism. New wave of repression in Israel Political organizations that do not accept the goals of Zionism are for­ The Israeli army's April 10 terror it clear that a new wave of repres­ tern of Jewish privilege and of denial bidden for the Arab population ( el­ raid on Beirut has provided the Zion­ sion is under way. of all civil liberties for the Arab in­ Ard party, for example); appeals to ist regime with excuses to intensify In this week's World Outlook we are habitants. From the beginning, the the State Council against administra­ an already severe witch-hunt against publishing two articles on that repres­ regime was willing to tolerate a Jewish tive arrests are always rejected, just the anti-Zionist left. When the Israeli sion and the anti-Zionist left's response. political opposition (within the frame­ as requests for annulment of arbitrary commandos gunned down three lead­ The one below, on the first round of work of recognition of the Jewish imposition of exile, expropriations, de­ ers of the Palestinian resistance move­ the Haifa "network" trial, is abridged state), but denied this right to the struction of homes, and other attacks ment, they also ransacked the Pales­ from issue No. 69 of Matzpen (Com­ Arab citizens. For the Jewish inhabi­ against all political activities in the tinians' apartments. The Israelis claim pass). Matzpen is the monthly news­ fants, Israel has a bourgeois-demo­ territories conquered in 1967 have to have carried off a large number paper of the Israeli Socialist Organi­ cratic aspect, but for the Arab inhab- been rejected. of fedayeen documents, which have zation (Matzpen-Marxist), Israeli sym­ now become known in Israel as the pathizers of the Fourth International. These measures, which for years Beirut Papers. The second article (see page W04), were imposed against the Palestinian The anti-Zionist left had expected which is scheduled for publication in Arabs, during the past two years have that the government would use the Matzpen, deals with the more recent been used against the Black Panthers Beirut Papers to arrest Arab militants arrests in the Little Triangle and with as well. They too have been subjected in Israel, claiming that those arrested the United Front Against Zionist Re­ to preventive arrests or "exile" to Je­ were named in the documents as "un­ pression, which has been set up by the rusalem, for example, and have also dercover agents." anti-Zionist left to counter the regime's met with· hostile attitudes from the That process has apparently now attacks. courts. This was the case, for example, begun. The first arrests occurred in The articles were received in French with Judge Werlinska in Haifa, whose the Little Triangle, a heavily Arab translation. The translation from the attitude went even beyond "classical" area. In no case has any specific French is by Intercontinental Press. bourgeois hypocrisy. charge been laid against a detainee; But up to . the trial of the members under the Emergency and Defense * * * of the "espionage and sabotage net­ Regulations, passed by the British in work" the courts did their best not the late 1940s and still in effect today, The curtain has just come down to reveal their class character and any person (more precisely, any on the first act of the Haifa trials. not to lift the fig leaf of "objectivity" Arab, at least so far) can be held in­ At this point, we have to be able to from the corpse of bourgeois justice. definitely without charge or trial. evaluate these trials and to draw the .... According to the rules of bourgeois The Little Triangle arrests came just political implications of them. Al­ legality, a person is innocent until after the trials of most of the persons though the skein of these trials has proven guilty. But in the "network" arrested on ·charges of membership not yet fully unrolled-nor have the trial, the judges abandoned the last in the "espionage and sabotage net­ regime's attempts to liquidate the anti­ vestige of objective appearances. work." The network case began in Zionist left, attempts linked to the ex­ One after the other, the three judges December 1972, when thirty-nine per­ acerbation of the class struggle, yet played the role of accusers, aided the SQns, six of them Jews, were detained run their course-we can say with Golda Meir: slaughters a few of her own prosecution in difficult moments, made on charges of having been part of certainty that the first round did not sacred cows. fun of the accused, and in general an underground group working for end in victory for the regime. turned the trial into a farce. In their Syrian intelligence or of having Everyone knows that the defendants reportage, the journalists did not even known about the existence of the net­ in the "espionage and sabotage net­ itants, there is a legal and institutional try to cover this up; because for them work and having failed to inform the work" were tried and convicted mainly system based on the "Emergency and it was "natural" that a Zionist judge police. for their political ideas and not for Defense Regulations," that is, _a typ­ would be prejudiced against an anti­ The "network" defendants were di­ their acts. The authorities' moves at ically colonial regime. Zionist suspect. vided into four groups, three of which each stage were political: sending ac­ The common accusation against Throughout the press, daily reports have already been tried. The first tive provocateurs into the organiza­ Jews and Arabs that they were strug­ were littered with pearls drawn from group (of six) came to trial in Feb­ tions, deciding to bring the victims gling together for a common goal the mouths of the judges who, want­ ruary and all the defendants were con­ of the provocations to trial, deciding against the Zionist regime and their ing to make fun of the defendants, victed on March 25. to orchestrate a huge hysterical cam­ common sentencing as accomplices made the trial into the farce it was. They were sentenced March 26. The paign around the case. equally inculpated in the struggle for Thus, not only was justice not done, penalties were especially severe. Da­ But political moves that are not !?Ocial change on a regional scale it was not even played at. After these oud Turki and Ehud Adiv each got based on an analysis of the concrete marks a crucially important turning trials, it will be more difficult for all seventeen years in prison; Subhi Na­ situation can have consequences going point. For the first time, the Zionist the democrats, liberals, and other re­ arani and Anais Karawi got fifteen far beyond those intended. This has regime has dared to break the taboo formists to pretend that the judicial years, Dan Vered ten years, and Si­ been the case for the Zionist regime. that it itself had created [that main­ system is the only sound institution mon Haddad two years. Once the smoke is cleared away, it taine~] the complete separation of the in the rotten Zionist edifice. The convictions were supposedly for can be seen that the Zionist state, Jews struggling against the regime The Israeli press- all segments of treason, conspiracy, and passing in­ by the virulence of its attack against from the Arabs struggling against the it-demonstrated once again that the formation to the enemy. In actual fact, the left, has mowed down some of regime. Thus, the regime, involuntari­ only principle that guides it is wor­ the six defendants had done no more its own most sacred cows. ly, has helped to present the real con­ ship of the existing regime. Just as than talk to Arabs who did not hold The first sacred cow that has been tent of the struggle against Zionism. it has no use for journalistic ethics Israeli citizenship. The "information" shot down-right in front of every­ The proof that Jews and Arabs can -not even of the type prevailing in supposedly passed to the "enemy" con­ one's eyes-is the idea that in the struggle together on a class basis has banana republics- it has no ·use for sisted of commonplace observations Middle East it is "all the Arabs against been provided by the regime itself. facts. By spreading around a whole readily available in the newspapers. all the Jews." We know that to really solve the system of lies, half truths, and fal­ We do not yet have information on For all the years of the Zionist col­ problems of the area, they must do sifications, the press organized an un­ the results of the second and third onization, and for all the years after this. But the proof that the regime precedented campaign of incitement, trials. The fourth trial was scheduled the formation of the state of Israel, has provided is a very important step made up of a mixture of imagination to begin at the end of May. the regime succeeded in splitting and forward for the consciousness of the and ill will. The condemnation of the The heavy sentences handed out, preventing any common struggle of masses of the region. defendants by the press before the the continuing arrests, and the fact Jews and Arabs. A second sacred cow to be hit was trials even started was only the pre­ that the regime has been intensifying The state of Israel was founded on the Israeli legal system. Arab citizens lude to the injustice that would go censorship of the leftist press make the creation and extension of a sys- who have tried to struggle against down at the trials themselves. World Outlook W0/2

the wage-labor of Palestinian refugees in the Gaza Strip, and especially on the wage-labor of school-age children. What a symbol! What a mockery! Results of a colonial enterP-ris By Nathan Weinstock Constant Features of Zionist Plan [The following article appeared in the May 4 issue of Twenty-five ye La Gauche, weekly newspaper of the Ligue Revolution­ This, In a nutshell, was the Zionist program: to con­ naire des Travailleurs (Revolutionary Workers League), struct a Jewish state in Palestine, which implied refusal Belgian section of the Fourth International. The trans­ to fight anti-Semitism wherever it arose, and instead in­ lation is by Intercontinental Press.] volved the exaltation of Jewish chauvinism as a counter­ weight to prevailing racism. It necessarily presupposed ·,founding of thE the dispossession of the inhabitants of the Promised Land. The GheHo Revolt and the This was well understood by Theodore Herzl, theoretician Founding of the Zionist State of the Zionist movement, when he wrote in his "diary" (on June 12, 1895) that it would be necessary "to try This year, within the space of a few weeks, two great to transfer the poorest section of the [indigenous] pop­ events in the contemporary history of the Jewish people ulation to the other side of the border without conflict, will be commemorated- the thirtieth anniversary of the by offering them work in the neighboring countries and Warsaw ghetto uprising and the twenty-fifth anniversary denying them any employment in our country." of the proclamation of the state of Israel. The coincidence On the same day he also entered in his list of things is not accidental, for the two historic dates are intimately to do: "prepare a special helmet like Stanley's for the related. One symbolizes the way in which the fate of the ceremony inaugurating the colonization." Some enlight­ Jews came to represent the human condition under Nazi ened spirits warned the Zionists against the consequences barbarism. The other is explainable by these sufferings; of their undertaking; such as the writer Akhad Ha'am, it took Auachwitz to push the Jewish masses- and with an advocate of a Jewish "spiritual" center (but not a po­ them Western public opinion- into the Zionist camp. litical body) in Palestine, who, as early as 1891, pre­ dicted Palestinian resistance. In 1936, Dr. Ruppin, a well­ But at the same time, what a contrast! In the Warsaw known sociologist and a workhorse in the Zionist cause, ghetto the survivors of the genocide against Polish Jewry admitted that because of the Palestinian masses' hostility, embodied the dignity of humanity, resisting oppression, a "state of continuous war with the Arabs" was inevitable. even without immediate hope of success; a revolt that The openly fascistlike wing of the Zionist movement, ennobled all humanity, a tragic epic that prefigured the headed by Jabotinsky, had understood things immediately. victories of the Indochinese revolution which, under dif­ There were no basic differences, Jabotinsky explained, ferent and more favorable circumstances, was able to between "vegetarian" Zionism and "carnivorous" Zionism. triumph over bestial imperialism. The only thing to discuss was whether it would be nec­ But the creation of the state of Israel, ·on the other hand, essary to rely on British bayonets to colonize the country symbolizes the spiritual degeneration of this same Jewish or whether it would be preferable to directly arm the Israel's vaunted kibbutzim ... community, which has become the colonial oppressor colonists. And, from his point of view, he was right. in Arab lands, reducing. a whole people, the Palestinians, Back in 1940, Joseph Weitz, a leader of the Zionist to exile, poverty, and powerlessness. agricultural colonization, and a "socialist" Zionist, had The militants of the young "socialist" movements, who, come to the conclusion that "there is no other way than to transfer the Arabs from here to the neighboring coun­ at .the sides of their comrades of the Jewish workers move­ tries, to transfer all of them: Not one village, not one ment, led the Jewish Combat Organization in the Warsaw tribe, should be left." (Davar, September 29, 1967.) ghetto from beginning to end, realized, in action, the The dispossession of the Palestinians, a necessary pre­ great historic role of the Jewish spirit in the modern world. condition for Zionist profit, is being continued today by The Spinozas, the Freuds, the Einsteins, sons of a com­ munity embedded like a hinge between various cultures, colonization in the occupied territories. As Moshe Dayan put it, with the brutal frankness for which he is known: undertook the critique of established values. The Marxes, "During the last 100 years our people have been in the the Rosa Luxemburgs, the Trotskys brought this process . process of building up the nation, of expansion, of get­ to its culmination by forging the ideology and the in­ ting additional Jews and settlements in order to expand strument of the proletariat's struggle, pointing out in the the borders. Let no Jew say that the process has ended. particularities of the Jewish condition tl:le road to the Let no Jew say that we are near the end of the road." emancipation of humanity- the revolutionary action of (From a speech given on the "liberated" Syrian Golan the conscious workers. The insurrection of the survivors Heights and reported in Maariv July 7, 1968.) of the Warsaw ghetto (as well as those of other ghettos, unjustly unrecognized) is part of this proud tradition. It belongs to the most glorious pages of history; it con­ Results of a Colonization stitutes the Promethian dimension of the Jewish tradition. Such was the program on which the Zionist leaders It taught its generation that man struggles and never based themselves when they proclaimed the birth of the gives up. Zionist state twenty-five years ago in Tel Aviv. As for the aftermath, here are the findings of a report distributed A Glorious Revolt- But No Heirs by Dr. Israel Shahak, president of the Israeli Human Rights League: Since 1948, within the borders of the There is no longer any Jewish community in Poland state of Israel, the following Arab villages have been to pay homage to the ~onument of the ghetto. The bu­ destroyed and the tribes expelled: reaucratic Warsaw regime has "purged" the country of and modern cities ... Jews, relying on the old reactionary anti-Semitism to try Number of Arab Number of Arab to quell the social rage of the shipyard workers, which Districts Villages in 1948 Villages Destroyed was unleashed in the wake of the revolt in the Baltic Jerusalem 33 29 ports. Bethlehem 7 7 The Warsaw ghetto insurrection will not be commem­ Hebron 16 16 orated by a single Jewish· daily in the Soviet Union; since Jaffa 23 23 the deportation of Jewish writers in 1952, the Jewish com­ Ramleh 31 31 munity in the Soviet Union has been deprived of its own Lydda 28 28 Jenin cultural life, subjected to subtle and varied forms of dis­ 8 4 Tul-Karem 33 21 crimination that push it toward emigration. And in the Haifa* 43 35 West, the commemorative ceremonies will strike a false Saint-Jean d'Acre 52 20 note; the official leaders of the Jewish community are Nazareth 26 6 closely associated with the existing regimes- too busy Safad 75 68 organizing the pro-Israeli lobby to bother about the tra­ Tiberiad 26 23 ditions of the revolt; too well integrated into the cogs Beisan 28 28 Gaza 46 46 of the system of exploitation to recognize the lines that Total 475 385 bind the Warsaw ghetto revolt to the revolution. Their camp is not that of humanity in struggle for its dignity. *Ten tribes located here have disappeared. In Israel the monument erected to the glory of the com- . mander of the ghetto insurrection, Mordechai Anilewicz, In addition, in the Beersheba district, where on the is located in the kibbutz whose name evokes his mem­ eve of the birth of the Jewish state there were five tribes ory: Yad Mordechai. This "socialist" village was founded comprised of seventy-three subtribes, three-fourths of the along the (1948) borders as a military outpost. Today, population was expelled. its economic existence is based on the exploitation of In the case of the el-Azazmeh tribe, the expulsion dates ... are all built on the dispossession of the Palesti y./0/3

from 1953-54, well after the end of hostilities, and was The Meaning of a Tradition preceded by the machine-gun massacre of women and a children perpetrated by the notorious "Unit 101" of the From the moment of the partition of Palestine in 1947- ." Israeli army. and this is no idle boast- the Fourth International has Even the Druzes, a Palestinian religious community been the only tendency in the whole workers movement that has collaborated with the Zionist regime- they sup­ to struggle ceaselessly against Zionist colonialism, a strug­ ars after the ply a large part of the foot-troops for the notorious "fron­ gle that it has never stopped waging in a consistent way, tier police"- have not been spared: 60 percent of their just as it has always been in the forefront of support land has been expropriated (according to Haaretz, Feb­ to the Arab revolution, especially during the Algerian ruary 8, 1971). war. Israeli state The Dispossession Will Go On

This development will roll on fatally, because Israeli capital is desperately searching for new markets in the occupied territory. Hence the authorization granted the Jewish National Fund (the organ of Zionist col6niza­ tion) to acquire land in the West Bank. The demographical balance also demands this develop­ ment. According to predictions of Professor Arens, re­ ported in the September-October 1972 issue of Israel Econ­ omist (p. 234 ), the Jewish and Arab populations within the new Israeli borders are evolving in the following manner, despite the expulsion of a million refugees:

Jewish Area Palestinian Population, Borders (in sq. mi.) Population % of Total 1948 plus Arab 8,240 400,000 86% Jerusalem With annexation 10,960 1,400,000 . 64% of West Bank .EQypt

The question for the Zionist leaders therefore is whether to move to a complete annexation, which would involve instituting some form of apartheid (already, at Nahriya, separate maternity facilities have been constructed for Jews and Arabs), as the "Dayan plan" envisages, or to Saudi annex the maximum amount of territory containing a Arabia minimum number of inhabitants, as the "Allon plan" rec­ ommends. Now, even figuring on a massive Jewish immigration (50,000 per year), in 1982 the proportion of Arabs, because of their higher birthrate, would still be very significant if a total annexation of the occupied territory takes place: Map shows the expansion of the Israeli state since the partition of Palestine in 1947. Jewish Palestinian Population, Borders Population % of Total 1948 plus Arab 595,000 86% Jerusalem Today, we can say- and of this we are proud- that With annexation 2,085,000 63% the very existence of an anti-Zionist front within the Is­ of West Bank raeli population is the result of the continuity of our pres­ ence there, embodied in Israel by the action of our Jewish It is therefore underst,andable that the "socialist" Gen­ and Arab militants who came out of the old ~alestinian eral Yitzak Rabin is an advocate of creating conditions Trotskyist group. for a massive displacement of Palestinians and that Gen­ Nothing in history is lost. The rise of a new vanguard eral Yadin (also a "socialist" Zionist) expresses his ap­ in the ranks of Israeli youth is the harvest of seeds that proval for what he actually dares to call the "final so­ we have been patiently sowing for years, since all the lution" to the problem. (Maariv, February 16, 1973.) anti-Zionist groups in Israel originated from Matzpen, whose theoretical achievements are a reflection of the work Those Responsible of our comrades. And because any Marxist analysis of the Jewish question must take as its point of departure Such is the cynical reality of the real face of Zionism­ the remarkable work of our comrade Abram Leon. neither the national liberation of the Jewish people, nor the self-determination of the Israeli masses, but the in­ Inside the Hebrew bastion, the struggle has only just stitutionalization of Israeli hegemony over the Arabs, begun, with much larger forces and a much more solid a process of capitalist exploitation ip a specifically co­ organization than before- and a much more hardened lonial context. one as well-with our comrades, organized in the Matz­ Are they liberated, the Israelis in their Fort Chabrol­ pen-Marxist group, directly confronting the oppressive type superghetto? Are- they liberated, the Oriental Jews Zionist apparatus at its bases. crushed by discrimination? Are they liberated, the Israeli In the Arab states, our nuclei and sections are working workers under the yoke of a greedy capitalist class, aided to build a revolutionary-Marxist vanguard, fighting a by its labor bureaucracy that serves up antiworker mea­ hard struggle aimed at forging the basis of a single party sures? It is to the creation of this colonial bastion, this of the Arab world (transcending all ethnic and religious imperialist bridgehead in the Arab world, that the United division), uniting Arabs and national minorities in a States-which has diverted thousands of millions of dol­ common struggle against imperialism and its local al­ lars into the coffers of the Zionist state- has committed lies, both Zionist and Arab, and against all varieties itself, in consistent imperialist fashion. of reaction. But the first state to recognize Israel was the Soviet If we are to find in the Middle East today the legitimate Union. And it was at Stalin's command that Czecho­ heirs of the Warsaw ghetto fighters, it is in the ranks slovakia delivered armaments and Messerschmidt aircraft of the Palestinians in struggle that we must look- and to the new state in 1948. Thus, the Soviet bureaucracy also among the Israeli anti-Zionist militants who have is fully responsible for the tragedy of the Palestinian peo­ taken on the heritage of generations of Jewish thinkers ple- and this was well before the revisionist Khrushchev and militants who opposed obscurantism and institution­ came to power, comrade Maoists! Anyway, why should alized disorder. Khrushchev take offense at the fate of the Palestinian In struggling against the stream, against the worst chau­ people, when the Crimean Tatars, deported en masse vinism- their own country's- these comrades are uphold­ by the Father of the Peoples, are still not allowed to re­ ing the great democratic Jewish tradition which has con­ turn to their native· land? The Stalinist degeneration has tributed so much to the progress of the working class nian people. its own Palestinians! and of humanity .. World Outlook W0/4

Form united front against reP.ression Israeli revolutionists protest ne~ arrests The arrests of the members of the hold them under administrative de­ ganizations to unite in the struggle up .the legal defense of political pris­ so-called espionage and sabotage net­ tention for one year. It is clear that against repression. It is unfortunate oners and the support of their families work showed the desire of the Zion­ this is a threat aimed at making them that Siah and the Communist party by setting up an aid fund drawing ist state to deal a serious blow to the end their militant activities. ( Rakah) failed to understand that it on donations both in Israel and whole anti-Zionist left. The heavy sen­ The Union of Arab Students was was in their interest to participate in abroad. The fund has already raised tences imposed on those who have also attacked in Jerusalem. The Arab this United Front and that they pre­ several thousand pounds. The heavy already been tried -and this despite Students wanted to organize a meet­ ferred to differentiate themselves from fines that may be imposed on the mil­ the fact that the trial clearly showed ing against expropriations, but were the other organizations in the vain itants who demonstrated in front of that there had been no question of denied a room to hold it in. They hope that the authorities would leave the Haifa court will necel!sitate a par- spying or sabotage- only confirm distributed a leaflet and were stopped them alone-an idea that was soon this estimation. New repressive steps by university guards; the president enough proven illusory by events (the against the extraparliamentary oppo­ of the group, Mohammed Naamni, arrest of several Rakah members). Socialism & Zionism sition were not long in coming, and was threatened with punishment. Also Having put out several leaflets, pub­ THE JEWISH QUESTION: A Marx­ it can be said today that the govern­ at the University of Jerusalem, during lished in the press a petition signed ist Interpretation by Abram Leon, ment has decided to wage a real cam­ the university elections, a poster that by more than 150 persons, and or­ $7.95, paper $2.95 paign. amounted to a real anti-Jewish prov­ ganized a meeting attended by more BURNING ISSUES OF THE MID­ As alway_s in the Zionist state, the ocation was pasted up with Siah's than 250 persons, the United Front EAST CRISIS repression starts against the Arab and Matzpen's names signed to it. began working on a pamphlet on the by Peter Buch, $.40 population. During the past few Today, it is the opposition press Haifa trials and organized a demon­ MIDEAST OIL AND U.S. IMPE­ months, late-night surprise visits by that is under attack. Having impris­ stration in front of the Haifa court RIALISM the Security Service to Arab militants oned the editors of el-Fajar, a legal where the third group of defendants by Dick Roberts, $.35 and their families and friends have magazine published in the occupied were being tried. THE TRUTH ABOUT ISRAEL been on the rise, as have various territories, for printing an article ex­ This demonstration, ·which brought AND ZIONISM sorts of pressure on Arab militants pressing· the revulsion of all Palestin­ out about fifty persons, was dispersed by Nathan Weinstock and Jon Roths­ to stop their political activity. On May ians to the Israeli army's criminal by the police. Sixteen demonstrators child, $.35 4, ten militants were arrested in the· attack against the Palestinian orga­ were arrested and were held for six DOCUMENTS OF THE PALESTI­ Arab village · of Tira, among them nizations in Lebanon, the Zionist au­ days, when they were released on bail NIAN RESISTANCE MOVEMENT, thorities are now going after two En­ of 4,000 Israeli pounds. Their. trial $.35 glish-language opposition journals, is scheduled to take place on May 17; HOW CAN THE JEWS SURVIVE? Israleft and Viewpoint, as well as our they are liable to heavy fines and A Socialist Answer to Zionism by journal, Matzpen, which they have even to terms of imprisonment. George Novack, $.25 threatened to close down, and whose In addition to activities directly re­ LEON TROTSKY ON THEJEWISH latest issue has just had several ar­ lated to the Haifa trials, the United QUESTION ticles censored. Front has also organized a campaign by Leon TrotSky, $.60 at the University of Jerusalem for el­ PATHFINDER PRESS, 410 West St., If to all this we add the imprison­ ementary democratic rights (the right New York, N.Y. 10014 ment of soldiers who refuse to serve of assembly, . the right to hand out in the occupied territories, the violent leaflets without having to submit them ticularly important financial cam­ suppression of a demonstration of lib­ to the censorship of university au­ paign. eral students who opposed the inde­ thorities, the right to sell political mag­ In face of the new repression pendence-day military parade, the im­ azines, and so on). On May 1, the launched by the Zionist authorities, prisonment of two Maoist militants United Front held a united May Day the revolutionary organizations have accused of having had in their pos­ demonstration under the slogans united and have thus clearly shown session "forbidden magazines," the new "Down with the occupation!" and that they will respond together against attempt to put an end to the activity "Workers power!" along witll the Black any attempt to liquidate them by piece­ of the Human Rights League, and Panthers who, in contrast to Rakah, meal attacks. The Zioriist state, more various other acts, it becomes clear accepted the principle of a united dem­ than any other state, needs the sup­ that we have here not just a few "er­ onstration and are preparing in com­ port of world reaction. And Israeli rors,". but a new stage of a policy of ing months to come to a series of revolutionists likewise need the inter­ repression. meetings and demonstrations against national support of revolutionary This new policy is determined by the repression and for the release of forces. Israel's r'ole of policep1an for the real danger that the far-left or­ . all political prisoners. imperialism in the Arab East is of ganizations represent today ·(far out The Arab Students Union in Jeru­ concern to militants throughout the of proportion to their actual numer­ salem, which is part of the United world, and the attack on revolution­ ical membership) in the context of Front, is in the process of forming ary anti-Zionists concerns the entire the new radicalization of the Israeli a. permanent coordinating body of the revolutionary movement. We need po­ working class and in a political sit­ Unions of Arab Students and is try­ litical, moral, and material solidarity An Arab 'suspect' arrested in Gaza uation in which it is more and more ing to draw its affiliates into the from all organizations and from all difficult to block all struggles on the United Front's activities. revolutionary militants. several active sym-pathizers of the Is­ pretext of "national security." All these activities will culminate in Free Said and his comrades! raeli Socialist Organization (Matzpen­ In such a context, the necessity for a big united demonstration against Free all political prisoners! Marxist). Among these were Said Ati­ a united front of all organizations the repression and against the occu­ Acquit all those accused of political li, secretary of the Tel Aviv Union subject to the repression is on the pation, to be held on the anniversary crimes! of Arab Students, and Rushdi Has­ agenda. After the arrests around the of the 1967 war. Long live the United Front against kieh, who had already been impris­ Haifa "network," we called on all or- The United Front has also taken Zionist repression! oned for several months by admin­ istrative decree. The names of these militants sup­ The· Coming Confrontation Intercontinental Press pos~dly appeared in the "Beirut Pa­ P. 0. Box 116, Village Station Where is Allende taking Chile? I pers," documents that were said to New York, NY 10014 When the chips are dt~wn, where will I have been seized during the Israeli the military stand? What are the orga­ attack [April 10] on the Beirut offices I nizations of the workers, peasants, and of the Palestinian resistance. It is ob­ the left doing? What are their pro­ I Name ------vious that today anyone can be ar­ grams? What are the perspectives rested on the pretext that his or her facing the Chilean people? : Address ------name appears in these so-called doc­ For the answers read Intercontinen­ City------uments. ·The fact is that those impris­ tal Press, the only English-language 1 oned were questioned only about their weekly magazine that specializes on ~ State _____ Zip ---- political activities in the Union of news and analysis of revolutionary Arab Students and in the Organization struggles from Canada to Chile and of Arab University Teachers, and all around the world. 1 about their relations with our orga­ Intercontinental Press: A socialist nization. antidote to the lies of the capitalist I ( ) Enclosed is $7.50 for six months. Having no evidence against those media. I ( ) Enclosed is $15 for one year. arrested, the authoritiesjhreatened to ~~ard Brown acguittecl in 2nd trial STRESS police unit abolished in Detroit By MIKE KELLY was responsible for murdering 18 DETROIT, June 5 -A Detroit news­ Blacks in the last year and a half. paper has announced that STRESS, In the wake of a months-long cam­ the Detroit police terror unit, has been paign in. the Black community to abolished. abolish STRESS, there is little won­ An editorial in the June 4 Detroit der that the police did so "without,~ News stated that "several months ago much fanfare." The Coalition to the term 'STRESS' was dropped from Abolish STRESS (CAS) spearheaded . END departmental charts and the unit was the anti-STRESS effort. Upon hearing re-organized into the Felony Preven­ of the News editorial, Ron Lockett, tion Section. coordinator of CAS, predicted that De­ STRESS "Whe'n that happened the situation troit police will continue to victimize changed again. The special under­ Black people but called the disbanding cover officers began to spend less time of the STRESS unit a victory for NovJl decoying street bandits and more on Blacks. "It was only the pressure of tough narcotics, homicide and rape Black people picketing at 1300 Beau­ cases.... bien (police headquarters], participat­ "Thus STRESS and its original pur­ ing in demonstrations, public hear­ pose have been considerably altered, ings, and other such activities that without much fanfare." forced the police to disband that racist STRESS (Stop the Robberies, Enjoy terror squad," said Lockett. Safe Streets), was created in 1971. It Although the Detroit police abolished used decoy-entrapment tactics- pri­ STRESS, they have "re-organized" the marily in the Black community- and Felony Prevention Section, which in­ cludes, according to the News, "a sort .A sustained campaign of demonstrations, public hearings, and other protest activity of 'Mod Squad.'" paved the way for the abolition of STRESS terror unit in Detroit police department. Lockett called for vigilance in re­ sponse to this move. He asked, "Will this newly reorganized Felony Pre­ STRESS cops. that 65 percent of the city's Black vention Section turn into a decoy unit Brown, along with John Percy Boyd citizens and 15 percent of its whites later? Will the Detroit Police depart­ and Mark Clyde Bethune, was the ob­ are opposed to STRESS. ment try to terrorize the Black com­ ject of a massive manhunt by Detroit This is a sharp turn in public munity through future undercover police for his alleged role in the Dec. opmwn, especially among Blacks. units? If so, we will once again or­ 4 shooting-death of the four STRESS Much of the credit for this change ganize against such police terror." cops. Boyd and Bethune were killed should go to the anti-STRESS ac­ by Atlanta cops in February after the tivists who brought this issue out into In a major related development, 19- manhunt reached national propor­ the open. In 1972, by contrast, a sur­ year-old Hayward Brown was found tions. All three were anti-drug vey showed only 28 percent of Blacks not guilty June 4 by a jury of nine activists. were opposed to STRESS. Blacks and three whites. He had been Brown still faces another trial on charged in connection with the Dec. charges of assaulting two Wayne State The new survey found that a 27 shooting of Patrolman Robert University campus cops. majority of Blacks believe that their Dooley. Support for Brown and opposition relations with the police have gotten This is the second acquittal for to STRESS is quite substantial in the worse since the 1967 rebellion. Militant/Michael Baumann Brown. The other occurred May 10 Black community, as is indicated in According to the poll, STRESS was Ron Lockett, leader of campaign to abol­ when he was acquitted of four charges a recent poll compiled by Market seen by Blacks as little more than ish STRESS. of assault with intent to murder four Opinion Research. The poll showed "a license for police to kill Blacks."

L.A. rally demands freedom for Los Tres By MIGUEL PENDAS possible to raise the $50,000 bail im­ the hated pushers who profit off the Carlos Chavez, speaking on behalf LOS ANGELES-A rally here May posed on each of them. misery of their victims. of the Los Tres Committee, pointed out 19 demanded freedom for Los Tres del Among those addressing the rally Most of the speakers stressed that that theW atergate revelations will help Barrio and all political prisoners. The at Hollenbeck Park in predominantly Chicanos must unite with other op­ to .further undermine the government's turnout was good, and estimates of the Chicano East Los Angeles were Bert pressed peoples both here and around case against Los Tres. attendance ranged from 700 up. One Corona from CASA-Hermandad; the world in order to throw off the One of the things that Los Tres talked TV commentator reported 1,000. Aaron Manganiello from the Chino common oppressor, U.S. imperialism. about in their antidrug campaign was Los Tres -Juan Fernandez, Rodolfo . Defense Committee; Antonio Castillo, Two of the principal scheduled speak­ the role of local police and the CIA Sanchez, and Alberto Ortiz-are the a Mexican professor; and Tommy ers, Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales from in aiding narcotics traffic. Chavez you11g Chicano antidrug activists. In Chung, a former prisoner. Teatro Ur­ the Denver Crusade for Justice and charged that a good part of the testi­ 1971, they were entrapped by police bano and Teatro de la Tierra sang Puerto Rican nationalist Carlos Felici­ mony the Los Tresdefensehad planned into shooting a federal agent, posing Chicano songs and performed skits ano, were unable to attend the rally. to present in court was not allowed as a heroin dealer, when he pulled a depicting the harmful effects heroin and The raily was widely publicized in by Judge Lydick (who happens to be gun on them. They were convicted barbiturates have on Chicanos. East Los Angeles throughmassiveleaf­ a personal friend' of President Nixon) and are now serving sentences of 40, The use of hard drugs is widespread leting and posting. In the weeks before for fear that the role of the government 25, and 10 years. They are appealing among Chicano youth, and Los Tres the rally, the slogan "Free Los Tres" and police would be exposed. As Cha­ the conviction, but are already serv­ del Barrio had been involved in a began appearing more frequently on vez put, "Nixon is the number one ing time because it has not yet been campaign to rid the community of barrio walls. pusher."

300 attend 'lnt'l Conference of Americas' By NICOLAS ROSNER an international perspective, to ex­ reform. geois"? LONG BEACH, Calif.- La Conferen­ change experiences, and to improve Carlos Feliciano opened the confer­ Antonio Castillo, a professor at the cia Internacional de las Americas channels of communication among ence with a presentation on his ex­ University of Mexico, gave the main (The International Conference of the Latinos struggling for social and po­ periences as a political prisoner. Fe­ presentation on the international stu­ Americas) was held here May 14-18 litical change. Representatives attend­ liciano, a Puerto Rican nationalist, dent movement. He analyzed student at Long Beach State University. The ed from the Puerto Rican Socialist has been framed up in New York on struggles in Mexico from the massive campus chapter of MECHA (Movi­ Party, the Carlos Feliciano Defense charges of possessing explosives. protests in 1968 to the present and miento Estudiantil Chicano de Aztlan Committee, the Denver Crusade for During an educational discussion on described how the students were suc­ -Chicano Student Movement of Azt­ Justice, CASA-Hermandad in Los An­ the oppression of Latinas, ideas were cessful in mobilizing the broader lan) sponsored the conference. As geles, and numerous MECHAs in Cal­ exchanged on several important ques­ working masses in their support. many as 300 Chicanos and Latin ifornia. tions- How should Latinas struggle Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales, leader of Americans attended the sessions each The topics discussed included the against their oppression? Is the fam­ the Denver Crusade for Justice, gave day, coming from as far away as Chicano movement, the revolutionary ily a reactionary institution? Is the the main talk on the Chicano move­ ·Argentina, Puerto Rico, and Mexico. woman, the international student women's liberation movement relevant ment, emphasizing the revolutionary The conference was held to develop movement, the church, and university to Latinas? Is feminism "petty-hour- implications of Chicano nationalism.

THE MiliTANT/JUNE 15, 1973 13 YORTY'S RACE-BAITING FAILS IN L.A. ELECTION BRADLEY WIN SHOWS IMPACT OF BLACK MOV'T By HARRY RING real estate interests to unrestricted exploitation of LOS ANGELES- The election of a Black man the area despite growing demands for some reg­ as mayor of the nation's third largest city -with ulation and control of developers. a Black population of only 18 percent-is tes­ And in the midst of his pious declarations on timony to the deep impact that the civil rights the need for "law 'n' order," it was disclosed that and Black liberation movements have had on Yorty had used $50,000 in political contributions this country. to buy himself a life insurance policy. In his 1969 bid for mayor, Tom Bradley was He first insisted it was money he had "earned." leading in the polls until incumbent Sam Y orty But 24 hours later he had to stand before TV unleashed a last-minute race-baiting attack, which cameras, with beads of sweat on his forehead, proved sufficient to defeat Bradley. admitting the money had in fact come from the This time, a similar scurrilous race-baiting at­ proceeds of testimonial dinners. tempt by Y orty boomeranged, and Bradley won Then, on the eve of the election, he sent com­ 56 to 44 percent. puterized telegrams to voters in the San Fernando Certainly Bradley's election does not signal the Valley urging them to go to the polls en masse end to the oppression of Black people. Nor will to counter the Black "bloc" he said would be turn­ his assumption of office as a committed Demo­ ing out for Bradley. The racist appeal was so cratic Party politician bring basic changes in the crude that it evoked disgust even from conser­ lives of the masses of Black people. vative elements in the community. But even taking into account that he is a con­ Bradley's campaign was well financed and en­ servative ex-cop, the fact that a Black could win joyed the support of the liberal and sectors of enough white votes to be elected does confirm the conservative white community. (The Repub­ that the pervasive power of American racism has lican Los Angeles Times endorsed him, and Max diminished. Palevsky, a wealthy McGovern supporter, was his Bradley pointed to this when he spoke last sum­ campaign manager.) mer at a testimonial dinner for him at the plush In contrast to Yorty, Bradley did address him­ Both Democrats, Bradley and Yorty had con­ Beverly Hilton Hotel. self to certain issues that had broad appeal. He tested in a run-off election after emerging as the Recalling his origins in a small Texas town said he favored control of offshore oil drilling two top vote-getters in a "nonpartisan" primary where his father was a sharecropper and his moth­ and a check on the real estate developers. He election this past April. er a domestic worker, he observed that as a Black pledged he would quickly initiate construction of man he had come a long way. a rapid mass-transit rail system for a pollution­ Rodriguez: SWP alternative "It's a long way," he commented, "from the trip choked and traffic-jammed area. The Socialist Workers Party contended vigor­ that I took across this country when I bought At the same time, he avoided addressing him­ ously in the campaign, with a ticket headed by a new car in Lansing, Mich., and drove all the self to the extensive needs of the city's Black and Olga Rodriguez, the party's nominee for mayor. way from Lansing to Los Angeles. I remember Chicano communities. He ignored the needs of Throughout the campaign, she explained that that trip very well because I couldn't find a place Chicanos to such an extent that Yorty was able Blacks, Chicanos, and working people generally to lay my head at night: hotels and motels simply to garner a good number of their votes. could not look to any capitalist party politician, would not accept me." Bradley laid heavy emphasis on his 21-year even a Black one, to contribute meaningfully to career as a member of the Los Angeles Police the solution of their problems. Yorty' s racist appeal Department, which he retired from as a lieutenant. That, she insisted, required the fight for control The 44 percent of the returns won by Yorty He assured one and all that he too was a "law­ of the institutions in their communities and the certainly included a substantial number of racist and-order" man and asserted: building of their own independent political move­ votes. But the indications are that in good mea­ "I think it has been recognized we've got the ment in opposition to both the Democrats and sure the racist vote came from the older genera- best police department of any major city in the Republicans. She offered a socialist program as the meaningful alternative to the positions of the capitalist politicians. And she scored the Com­ munist Party for supporting Bradley while run­ ning a CP candidate for a minor post. Two postelection statements by Bradley confirm that there should be no illusions that he will move toward necessary basic changes. He announced first of all that the police chief, Edward Davis, a hard-bitten practitioner of re­ actionary, racist policies, would remain on the job. "The chief's job is secure," Bradley declared. Bradley also confirmed that he would now be­ gin to play an important role in state and na­ tional Democratic Party politics. And that's what Bradley is really all about. The discontent of Black people and other vic­ tims of capitalist oppression will necessarily seek political expression. It's the function of the Brad­ leys to anticipate that eruption and to try to keep it in the safe framework of "working within the system." The fact that powerful political forces, not known for their love of Black people, consider it worth­ while to help install Tom Bradley as mayor of a city like Los Angeles suggests how seriously they view the problem. Bradley and supporters following his victory

In a postelection interview, Sam Yorty said tion. And even there Y orty lost some ground. country." he had hesitated to run again for mayor Yorty's principal base of support had been The countless victims-principally Black and because, "I could see the city electorate is among lower-middle-class whites in the San Fer­ Chicano- of Los Angeles police brutality might getting more and more to the left, almost nando Valley, and his racist appeal was pitched have a somewhat different appraisal. directly to them. in each election." A report from one key San Fernando precinct Bradley reiects Newton support The ex-mayor's prognosis was borne out indicated the extent of his loss. In 1969 Y orty When Huey Newton was in town and, in re­ by other vote returns in addition to the re­ carried the district by 242 votes to 95 for Bradley. sponse to a reporter's query, said he supported pudiation he suffered. This time his margin was reduced to 152 to 124. Bradley, the candidate uttered howls of anguish. For example, in the race for city attorney, A good number of Yorty supporters switched to Responding to Y orty' s effort to exploit the en­ Burt Pines, a political unknown, challenged Bradley, and many simply stayed home. dorsement, Bradley branded Newton's statement Bradley had a lot of support from younger of support "an obvious desperation trick by the longtime incumbent Roger Arnebergh, a right whites. Among student voters near the city's ma­ Sam Yorty campaign.... " winger. jor campuses, he piled up majorities ranging from He added: "I did not seek, do not want and I In his campaign, Pine advocated a 82 to 97.5 percent. This was in precincts with reject the endorsement." deemphasis of police enforcement against 95 to 100 percent student voters. In eight such Asserting that in the past Newton and the Black "victimless crimes," especially homosexual precincts at the University of California, Los An­ Panthers had advocated violence, Bradley de­ acts between consenting adults. geles, Bradley polled 92.7 percent of the vote. clared, "I don't need or want help from a man On a whole number of issues, Yorty's campaign who has promoted these kinds of ideas. Having He actively sought the support of the gay . ran counter to current political mood. An un­ Huey Newton endorse me would be like having community, touring gay bars and winning abashed partisan of the oil lobby, he insisted on the Nazi Party endorse Sam Yorty." endorsements from gay groups and publica­ the right of unrestricted offshore drilling, despite It was around this time that Bradley told re­ tions. He defeated Arnebergh by 58 to 42 increasing opposition to such practices. · porters, "I am basically a cautious man. You percent. Similarly, he asserted the right of the powerful might even call me a conservative."

14 WATERGATE: Gainesville 8 Charged with. plot to attack GOP convention Antiwar Viet vets face frame-up trial By CINDY JAQUITH more militant and vociferous mem­ etteville campus, for which a 19-year­ sion. These reports undoubtedly in­ JUNE 4-On July 14, 1972, just a bers," wrote John Kifner in the Aug. old youth, Mark Vanciel, was arrest­ cluded information suppfied by Wil­ month after the Watergate break-in, 14, 1972, New York Times. "The vet­ ed in October 1971. 'Vanciel was sen­ liam Lemmer. six leaders of Vietnam Veterans erans say that he had frequently urged tenced to a two-year prison term. McCord claims that on the basis Against the War (VVAW) were indict­ violent or disruptive acts on the group It is clear that Lemmer's role was of these reports he learned that VV AW ed for "conspiring" to promote vio­ and that his activities had led to a to encourage antiwar activists, par­ "planned ... to get into both the Dem­ lence at the Republican convention . number of arrests in the past." ticularly VVAW members, to carry ocratic and Republican convention scheduled for Miami in August. In When the Republican convention out illegal actions that would enable sites, and blow up the communica­ light of recent revelations concerning was still scheduled for San Diego, the government to frame up individ­ tion centers of both parties there and the government's secret-police tactics, Lemmer tried to get the VVAW chap­ uals and portray the entire antiwar cause havoc on the convention floor." the veterans are now charging that ter at the Univet:sity of Arkansas in movement as "violent." This "plot," McCord said, justified a their arrests were a calculated part Fayetteville to carry out a "positive The government has tried thus far break-in at the Democratic headquar­ of Nixon's attempt to cover up the action" at the convention. to sweep any connections between the ters in the Watergate, since antiwar Watergate scandal: "His plan," recalls VVAW lead.er Ga~esville Eight and Watergate un- veterans were involved in the McGov­ There are now eight defendants in ern campaign. the case, which goes to trial July 17 It also turns out that one of Mc­ in Gainesville, Fla. The charges Cord's men, Alfred Baldwin, later ~gainst the Gainesville Eight are turned up trying to infiltrate VVAW, based almost entirely on the testimony according to the Gainesville Eight. of FBI informer William Lemmer, Baldwin's role; the group says, was onetime Arkansas-Oklahoma regional "provoking violence at the Republican coordinator of VV AW. National Convention in Miami in the The eight defendants in the case are name of VVAW, in order to justify Scott Camil, John Kniffin, William theW atergate break-in." Patterson, Peter Mahoney, Alton Foss, Indeed, McCord now claims that Donald Perdue, Stanley Michelsen, "proof' of his fears of VVAW violence and John Briggs. All are VVAW ac­ is the fact that the Gainesville Eight tivists except for Briggs. have since been indicted "with addi­ · The indictment against the defen­ tional plans to damage the life and dants claims they planned a bizarre property in the convention." attack on the Republican convention, These "plans," however, were fabri­ including the use of "automatic wea­ cated by FBI agent William Lemmer. pons, fire, and incendiary devices . . . Southern Patriot As the May 24 Washington Post noted, lead weights, 'fried' marble ball bear­ Seven of Gainesville defendants with attorneys. Left to right: Attorney James Reif, "the charges [against the Gainesville ings, 'cherry' bombs and smoke Peter Mahoney, William Patterson, Attorney Doris Peterson, John Kniffin, Alton Foss, Eight] contrast with the observations bombs" to be fired with "wrist rocket Scott Camil, Stan Michelsen, John Briggs. of numerous federal officials that both slingshots and cross bows." leaders and rank-and-flle of the VV AW But beyond the testimony of Lem­ have frequently acted to defuse po­ mer, the government's attorneys admit tentially violent situations and isolate they have very little "tangible evidence" Martin Jordan, "was that we get auto~ der the rug. On April 25, when for­ trouble makers in Miami last sum­ to back up their story. In fact, all they matic weapons, disassemble them and mer attorney general John Mitchell mer.... " have are some slingshots allegedly strap them to our bodies, then get testified at pretrial hearings on the The Gainesville Eight defense is now belonging to the defendants. Such into the convention and rip people VV A W case, he denied there had been seeking subpoenas of John Mitchell, slingshots are readily available in off." any bugging .of the Gainesville Eight. as well as former White House aides sporting goods stores. In January 1972, Lemmer con­ Mitchell also denied that convicted · John Dean, H. R. Haldeman, and The Gainesville Eight say that Lem­ vinced VV AW activist Mike Damron Watergater James McCord was "part John Ehrlichman. The defense is also mer fabricated the so-called conspi­ of Fayetteville to send a bomb threat of an intelligence group." demanding that the government turn racy to attack the Republican conven­ written by Lemmer against former sec­ But McCord spilled the beans dur­ over all secret documents it has col­ tion. A brief history of Lemmer's role retary of state Dean Rusk. Damron ing his testimony before the Senate lected on the VV AW. in VV AW shows that he functioned as was arrested two months later. Watergate investigating body. He ad­ For more information on the case, an agent provocateur. . -Lemmer has also admitted that he mitted that he received regular reports contact Gainesville Eight Defense, Lemmer "had established a reputa­ "counseled, aided, and abetted" an at­ on VV AW activities from the Justice P. 0. Box 13179, Gainesville, Fla. tion as one of the antiwar group's tempt to bomb a building on the Fay- Department's Internal Security Divi- 32601.

Linked to whitewash of Hampton murder Daley machine spy operation exposed A spying operation against Black The Sun-Times reports that Joseph The grand jury investigation re­ New York Times. Panthers. and other radicals, super­ Power, the chief judge of the Cook vealed that only one of the 99 bullets When the grand jury indicted Han­ vised by high figures in Chicago May­ County Criminal Court, headed a se­ found at the site of the shootings could rahan and 13 cops for "conspiracy or Richard Daley's Democratic ma­ cret espionage operation against have come from a Panther gun, de­ to obstruct justice" in the Panther case, chine, has been revealed by the Chi­ Black organizations and antiwar spite Hanrahan's contention that his Judge Power refused to accept the in­ cago Sun-Times. This new expose is groups, regularly reporting on their men were "attacked" by Panthers. dictment and unsuccessfully tried to one more example of the Watergate­ activities to Daley. In addition, the hearings brought have the case dropped. The trial it­ type methods the capitalist class uses The office of chief judge makes Pow­ out involvement of the federal gov­ self turned out to be a whitewash of to maintain its rule. er, a close friend of Daley, one of ernment in the case; it was discovered the murders, and Hanrahan and the the most influential men in the Demo­ that the Justice Department had set police were acquitted on Oct. 25, 1972. cratic machine. Daley's tight control up a special task force on the Pan­ In addition to trying to rig the in­ of the courts has always been a pillar thers in August 1969, and that the vestigation of the Panther case, Clarke of his corruption-ridden network of FBI had been wiretapping and fol­ traveled to other cities as part of his patronage. lowing Panther members in Chicago. spying for the Daley machine. The According to the Sun-Times, Power Clarke attempted to prevent the Sun-Times reports that he went to directly supervised the activities of grand jury investigation from bring­ Washington, D. C., for the 1968 "Res­ John J. Clarke, a county probation ing to light information that could urrection City" demonstration; to New officer whose real job was to spy on prove Hanrahan's role in planning York for a meeting of the Weathermen and harass radicals. the murders of Hampton and Clark. in 1969; and to a Black. Panther Party In 1970, Power appointed Clarke According to the Sun-Times, he intro­ meeting in 1969 in Oakland, Calif. as a "staff inyestigator" in the grand duced two witnesses during the hear­ These new revelations provide yet jury hearings on the murders of Black ings who falsely claimed that Pan­ more proof that Watergate-style es­ Panther Party leaders Fred Hampton ther members admitted having shot pionage against Blacks, antiwar ac­ and Mark Clark. The two Panthers at the police during the raid. Special tivists, and others is limited neither prosecutor Barnabas Sears finally to Republicans· nor to the federal gov­ LNS/Women's Graphic Collective were shot down on Dec. 4, 1969, in had Clarke thrown out of the hearings ernment, but is an integral part of Fred Hampton: investigation of his mur­ a police raid organized by former for attempting to "sabotage the inves­ Democratic and Republican adminis­ der was sabotaged by Daley police Cook County state's attorney Edward Hanrahan. tigation," according to the May 20 trations all over the country. agent.

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 15 WATERGATE: CIA in Iran How Washington put shah in business By CAROLINE LUND Washington's use of the shah's dic­ force throughout the Arab-Persian Gulf government and the international oil Former CIA chief Richard Helms took tatorship in Iran as one of its bastions area, the shah sent marines to take cartels, the · Mossadegh regime held over the post of U.S. ambassador to of counterrevolutionary military and over strategic islands in the Gulf in out for two years because of the mas­ Iran in April. Helms had been direc­ secret police powers throughout the 1971, and this year sent troops to sive popular support for the nation­ tor of the CIA for seven years before world. Oman to help crush a guerrilla re­ alization. his new appointment by President Nix­ A "Man in the News" portrait of bellion with widespread popular sup­ Finally, in August 1953, the U.S. on. Helms in the May 22 New York Times port. government moved in, motivated by He was responsible for CIA activi­ says that the professional spy is "high­ In policing the Middle East, Iran fear ·that the rranian example would ties throughout the period of theW ater­ ly regarded" in Congress, that he cooperates not only with the U. S. but spread to other Arab countries. The gate events. These included such things "worked diligently to improve the pub­ also with Israel, another state used by Eisenhower administration sent CIA­ as providing the equipment for the lic image of the C. I. A.," and that his the imperialists against the Arab rev­ agent Norman Schwartzkopf, former­ burglary of the office of Daniel Ells­ associates find him "a charming din­ olution. Hundreds of Iranian army ly the commander of the New Jersey berg's psychiatrist and participating ner partner and a smooth dancer." officers have been sent to Israel to State Police, to Iran to work out a plan in the White House attempt to cover A look at the policies of the CIA and for the overthrow with General Zahedi, up the Watergate scandal. the U.S. government in Iran show a former Nazi supporter and a strong­ But the Watergate revelations are that Helms is just another of the ruth­ man of the shah's forces. relatively small-scale operations in less "high-class" gangster types that, Loy Henderson, U. S. ambassador Helms's career. He was a high official as Watergate has shown, rule' this to Iran, then traveled to Switzerland, in the CIA in 1953, when the agency country. where he met with Allen Dulles, head engineered the overthrow of theMossa­ Not only does the U.S. government of the CIA, and Princess Ashraf, a degh government in Iran. His new engage in espionage: election rigging, sister of the shah. On Aug. 19, 1953, role as ambassador to Iran is part and massive secret police operations less than a week after this meeting, of Nixon's strategy of stepping up against citizens in this country; Wash­ Mossadegh was overthrown. ington does the same thing through­ A first attempt at a coup several out the world, directly and indirectly, days before had met with defeat, and through its trained agents and puppet on Aug 16 the terrified shah had fled governments. the country. Aug. 17 saw an anti­ In Iran, for example, some 11,000 royalist demonstration in Teheran of officers and enlisted men in that coun­ 100,000 workers, who cut down try's army of 180,000 were trained statues of the shah. in the U.S. In the past year Wash­ The forces that finally succeeded in ington signed a $2-billion arms agree­ carrying through the Aug. 19 coup ment, including, as one U.S. official included pro-shah army forces in put it, "most everything short of atomic American-made tanks and a mob of weapons." mercenaries armed and paid by the The May 20 New York Times re­ CIA. ported that the U. S. has begun a "quiet Since Mossadegh was no revolution­ influx" of military personnel into Iran, receive advanced military training. ary, he failed to call for a mobiliza­ expected to reach some 1,100 by the And, according to Newsweek, the gov-. tion of the workers and peasants, the summer. Three American generals are ernments of the U.S., Israel, and Iran only force that could have saved his assigned to work with the Iranian maintain a joint intelligence network regime. army, and U.S. "advisory teams" are on military developments in the Mid­ The Tudeh Party, which was heavily- ·­ assigned to supervise the infantry, dle East. Stalinist-influenced, had significant navy, and the entire rural police force. How did the U.S. find such a com­ support but made no attempt to lead This growing U. S. military presence pliant regime as the shah's-ready and a revolutionary struggle in defense of in Iran and the appointment of Helms willing to spend billions on military the nationalization. In fact, prior to the as ambassador occur in the context of hardware to protect the interests of Mossadegh regime, this party had had an unprecedented military build-up by the imperialist oil companies while the a policy of pressuring the government the dictatorship of Shah Mohammed Iranian people suffer from dire pover­ for oil concessions to the Soviet Union Reza Pahlevi. The May 21 issue of ty, illiteracy, and disease? This and thus had not even fully identi­ Newsweek says it is "the world's big­ is where the CIA came in in 1953. In 1951, the year Dr. Mohammed fied with the movement for pationaliza­ gest military buildup since the Ameri­ tion. can deployment in Vietnam." Mossadegh was elected the new pre­ After the shah was reinstalled and Nixon wants to build up this dic­ mier of Iran, more than 80 percent the nationalization reversed, the U.S. tatorship as a counterrevolutionary of the Iranian population suffered and Britain negotiated for a year over bulwark against the Arab revolution, from chronic malnutrition and 90 per­ cent were illiterate. At the same time how to divide up the spoils, and a new as a military base against the Soviet oil contract was ratified in 1954. The Union, and as a protector of the oil hundreds of millions of dollars in oil profits were being extracted from the U. S. moved in immediately with mas­ cartels, which take superprofits out of sive military and financial support tu Iran and the rest of the Mideast. country by British capitalists. In the 1940s and 1950s, mass dem­ the shah's regime. The shah described this role onstrations, strikes, and uprisings And who is this shah that Nixon to Newsweek magazine: "Not only do shook the country. This prevented the supports as a part of the "free world"? we have national and regional respon­ imperialists from stabilizing their con­ He is similar to the other hired crooks sibilities but also a world role as trol and led up to Mossadegh's nation­ who serve the U.S. government such guardian and protector of 60 per cent alization of the oil industry in April as burglar E. Howard Hunt and spy­ of the world's oil reserves.... The 1951. Mossadegh came to power on chief Richard Helms. Nixon doctrine says the U.S. will help the tide of a general strike of 60,000 The shah has an enormous secret Afrique-Asie those who help themselves. That's oil workers. police force of killers and torturers who Iranian army and police are trained and what we're doing." Despite severe economic sanctions terrorize the Iranian people~ His jails 'advised' by U.S. and Israel. Operating as a counterrevolutionary applied against Iran by the British Continued on page 22

....._ From Intercontinental Press rather than to create a new one. Hersh porter quoted one of his sources as The Nixon administration in 1970 reported: saying, "For years Fanfani had been considered subsidizing a conservative "Former intelligence officials said trying to convince the emb~~;ssy that CIA wing of the Italian Christian Demo­ that the covert C. I. A. financing of the with a little support he could bring cratic party, according to a report Christian Democrats began after himself back into power. Our guys by Seymour M. Hersh in the May World War II and averaged as much had been disregarding him, but 13 New York Times. Graham A. Mar­ as $3-million a year through the late Graham [Martin] took him seriously." financed tin, then U.S. ambassador to Italy, nineteen-fifties, when it was sharply was said to have recommended that reduced. The program was completely Nixon also seems not to have taken $1 million be given to the wing of the eliminated by 1967, the officials said." Fanfani seriously, for he vetoed Mar­ Christian Democrats led by former By the time that Martin arrived in tin's proposal. Or perhaps Nixon was Italian Premier Amintore F anfani. Rome in 1969, Washington was con­ motivated by the practical considera­ Martin's recommendation came to cerned about the political situation: tions voiced by another of Hersh's light May 9 during Senate hearings "Italy had been rocked the year be­ sources: on his nomination as ambassador to fore by repeated government crises, "There are half a dozen factions in rightists Saigon. Senator William Fulbright worker strikes and student riots-one the Christian Democratic party all asked Martin whether he had ever of them sparked by a visit by Presi­ jockeying for position. Martin was suggested using secret funds to influ­ dent Nixon to the Vatican in February." going to back one of them. That would ence Italian politics. The ambassador have been foolish -the others would refused to answer in public. Hersh wrote that shortly after his have blown the payments within five Martin's recommendation was de­ arrival, Martin began a series of se­ minutes. At least in the old days we signed to reestablish a former policy cret meetings with Fanfani. The re- bought off everybody."

16 VVATERGATE:Background How Roosevelt used Watergate tactics against the opponents of World War II By PETER SEIDMAN ing to smash the independence of When did Watergate-type operations Local 544 went beyond the issuing of begin? When did the government begin press releases. to resort to secret police to spy on, The Militant of July 5, 1941, de­ infiltrate, and sa,botage those who scribes how on June 27, "The Federal politically disagreed with the govern­ Government sliced into the tense and ment? turbulent trade-union struggle in the Many newspaper columnists, liberal Twin Cities when two separate squads and conservative alike, are trying to of U.S. marshals and FBI agents give the impression that these police­ raided the Minneapolis and St. Paul state measures were introduced only headquarters of the Socialist Workers in the last couple of years by Nixon Party.... and his gang. They argue that the "The raiders [acting 'on FDR's techniques and methods that have orders] carried off several boxes full come to light in the past few weeks­ of THE MILITANT, "The Fourth In­ the use of agents provocateurs, blatant ternational" and other Trotskyist political frame-up trials of antiwar . publications, two Socialist Workers militants, secret police raids on Party flags, photos of Lenin and Trot­ political headquarters-are aberra­ sky, and literary material on public tions, and not an integral part of sale.... " government security operations. Four days after the raids, a federal Nothing could be further from the grand jury was convened, on Justice Because of its opposition to World War II, the Socialist truth. A dispatch in the May 24 New Department instructions, to seek indict­ of Smith Act. York Times explains that "... Presi­ ments against leaders of the SWP and dents from Franklin Roosevelt on dinated the interests of the U. S. craft union affiliated to the American Local 544. The Militant of July 12, have permitted covert electronic sur­ workers to the bureaucratic caste in Federation of Labor. Daniel Tobin, 1941, describes how "among the chief veillance and have authorized illegal the Kremlin, sought to bring the U.S. the president of the IBT, was an ally witnesses summoned before the Grand burglaries to protect the country into the war as an ally of the Soviet of the boss class inside the labor Jury, according to the Minneapolis against what they perceived as threats Union following the attack on the movement. He had served, for ex­ TRIBUNE of July 3, were FBI agents to its existence. USSR by Hitler's armies in June ample, as the chairman of the D,emo­ who had joined the Socialist Workers "From 1941 until 1966, for ex­ 1941. The CP leaders sought to win cratic Party's labor committee. Party and the General Drivers Union. ample, the Federal Bureau of Investi­ influence with Roosevelt by showing And the capitalist class he served This reveals that the Department of gation pursued a policy of making him they could use their authority was concerned above all, in 1941, Justice sent agents provocateurs ... otherwise illegal entries in connection over the workers to dampen the class with getting ready for the entry of the into trade unions and working-class with domestic intelligence-gathering struggle in the U.S. as their part of U.S. into the European war. The capi­ political parties to spy upon and help operations." the "war effort." The Communist Party talists viewed the existence of militant frameup militant workers in these Actually harassment by federal and actually supported the prosecution of unions like Local 544 and of a rev­ organizations." local secret police of antiwar, radical, the Trotskyists under. the Smith Act. olutionary party like the SWP, whose On July 15, the grand jury handed and labor organizations began long examples might well spark opposition down indictments on "seditious con­ before 1941. Former FBI director J. Meaning of war for unions to the government's policies, as a spiracy" charges against 29 CIO and SWP members. Edgar Hoover, for example, started The SWP warned the U.S. workers threat to be eliminated. his career through the Palmer Raids, that the government would ruthlessly In early June, Tobin and Roosevelt Parallels with today aimed against the newly formed Com­ use the war to justify attacks on their launched their drive "to get" (as they The Smith Act persecution of the munist Party and other radicals in standard of living. Invoking "national say in the White House) Local 544 SWP and C IO leaders ultimately led 1920. security" and a false unity against a and the SWP. to prison sentences for 18 of the defen­ The year 1941, however, is signifi­ common enemy, the bosses would op­ In response to attacks by Tobin on dants ranging up to 16 months. The cant. The government used the Smith pose all strikes and independent the local, and in defense of their antiwar militants were convicted the "Gag" Act for the first time that year. activity by the unions. union's right to exist as a democratic, same day that Congress declared war This ultrareactionary legislation was In contrast to the CP, the SWP stood class-struggle organization, the mem­ against Japan, bringing the U.S. into sponsored by Representative Howard opposed to the hypocrisy of these slo­ bers of Local 544 voted to leave the world war. Smith of Virginia, leader of the anti­ gans, which in fact simply asked the Tobin's AFL and accept an invitation The parallels with today' s Watergate labor bloc in Congress. The Smith working class to subordinate its in­ to affiliate with the more democratic revelations are striking. They prove Act was the first statute since the Alien terests to those of the capitalist rulers. and militant Congress of Industrial that Watergate is not an exception to & Sedition Acts of 1798 to make mere The SWP was a small organiza­ Organizations ( CIO). the general functioning of the capitalist advocacy of ideas a federal crime. tion, but it nonetheless had played a In response to this decision of 544' s government. Washington has and will It is no accident that the first vic­ major role in organizing General membership Tobin's political patron, continue to use every means at its dis­ tims of this law and of the stepped-up Drivers Union Local 544 of the Franklin Roosevelt, publicly entered posal to crush the struggles of tactics against radicals were General Teamsters in Minneapolis. the fight against the Minneapolis working people against war, inflation, Drivers Union Local 544-CIO in Local 544 grew out of the militant union. unemployment, and for trade-union Minneapolis and the Socialist Workers struggle of the teamsters in Minneapo­ On June 13, FDR issued a news state­ democracy. Party ( SWP). lis for the right to form an industrial ment expressing concern "that this The use of FBI raids, provocateurs, union. A series of strikes in 1934 is no time ... for labor unions, local conspiracy trials, and prison terms SWP had won recognition for the workers' or national, to begin raiding one against the antiwar unionists and so­ The Smith Act was used against the right to organize in what had pre­ another for the purpose of getting cialists of Local 544 and the SWP because the SWP opposed the viously been an open-shop town. The membership or for similar reasons." SWP were steps that Roosevelt took U.S. role in World War II. The SWP new union not only won higher wages Roosevelt's open intervention into in preparing to get the U. S. into an believed that this war, like the first for the Minneapolis teamsters but an intraunion dispute in this manner imperialist war. The same measures, world war, was essentially a war be­ served as a powerful union organizing was unprecedented. Furthermore, the Watergate revelations show, are tween the imperialist powers to re­ base throughout the Northwest. FDR's charges were completely fabri­ taken today by the government divide the world. Further, the SWP Local 544 was part of the Interna­ cated. against opponents of its imperialist believed that all the capitalist coun­ tional Brotherhood of Teamsters, a Roosevelt's aid to Tobin in attempt- war in Southeast Asia. tries, the "democracies" as well as the fascist states, shared a common objec­ tive-the destruction of the world's first workers state, the Soviet Uniori. For these reasons, the SWP urged the workers not to give support to their government in the war, but rather to struggle for a workers government, which would be able to conduct a fight not only against fascism but the social system that caused it. Further, the SWP believed that the workers can't depend on the capitalist government to defend the Soviet Union. Because of these views, the SWP op- . posed the rapid drive of the U. S. im­ perialists ivto the war then raging across Europe. But the SWP was alone among the working-class parties in taking this position. The Communist Party, which subor- mith Act defendants surrender to U.S. marshals to begin serving prison sentences

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 17 Street rallies build Oliver campaign Cleveland hearings blast police brutality By DUNCAN WILLIAMS CLEVELAND, June 4-On March 27, two Cleveland cops kicked down the door of William Sheppard, a 37- year-old Black resident of Cleveland's East Side. One shot him in the head with a sawed-off shotgun, and the other put three .38-caliber slugs in his shoulder. Eventually 28 police en­ tered his home, although no search warrant was ever produced. Later, at the police station, Sheppard was beaten and asked "Nigger, why don't you die?" Sheppard was later charged with aggravated assault. After he was held for 20 days, police informed his wife that they had "made a mistake." Her husband was the wrong William Shep­ pard! This account was presented to a po­ lice brutality hearing held in Cleve­ land on June 1. About 60 people at­ tended the hearing, the second of a series, which was sponsored by CORE On Saturday, June 2, more than 100 supporters of the New York Socialist Workers Party campaign participated in five street (Congress of Racial Equality), Black rallies in Brooklyn and Manhattan. The rallies were built by leafleting, paste-ups, and sandwich-board advertising (bottom Unity House, and the Spanish-Amer­ left). Mayoral candidate Norman Oliver (right) spoke at all the rallies, joining other candidates in local races such as Eva ican Committee. The hearing was held Chertov (bottom right), SWP candidate for city council District 3 on the lower East Side, and James Mendieta (bottom center), at the offices of the Spanish-American SWP candidate for Brooklyn district attorney. One rally, held in school board District 1 at Delancey and Clinton Streets, was Committee. conducted almost entirely in Spanish (top left). The SWP campaign stressed its support for the struggle of the Puerto Rican, Victor Claudio, a Puerto Rican Black, and Chinese residents of this area to control their own schools. More than 630 copies of the campaign newspaper, broadcaster on radio station WZAK, The Militant, were sold during the day, as were about 150 copies of the Young Socialist. told of being jailed for a minor traf­ fic violation. After stopping his car to talk with a friend in another car, he was taken into a police car and placed under arrest. When he asked why he was told, "Number one, you've been violating the law, and second, you've been bullshitting with N.Y. SWP offers plan for free transit that nigger." By VIRGINIA SCOTT that higher fares result from the strug­ city department isn't self-sustaining, When Pedro llerio, director of the NEW YORK, June 2-0n May 17, gle of transit workers for higher so why should transit be? Transporta­ Spanish-American Committee, fol­ William Ronan, chairman of New wages. tion is a service that should be pro­ lowed him to the police station and York's Metropolitan Transit Author­ Congressman Herman Badillo, con­ vided free, just as fire protection and inquired about him, the clerked asked, ity (MTA), announced that unless a sidered by many to be the most lib­ sanitation." "Are you Puerto Rican? Is he? Well, $300-million MTA deficit was over­ eral candidate of the four, testified Oliver then outlined a four-point no wonder." come, subway and bus fares in New that "if the next mayor is not a tough program for how a city run in the The hearings are being held, ac­ York would zoom to 60 cents early negotiator when the workers' contracts interests of working people would cording to Bishop · A. E. Ward of next year. expire, We will need more than $300- solve the transportation problem: CORE, to oppose the increased police "Save the 35-cent fare" soon became million in funds to keep the fare at brutality against members of the Black a campaign theme of the four can­ 35 cents." Another liberal, Assembly­ "1) Open the books of the MTA and and Spanish-speaking communities in didates for the Democratic Party may­ man Albert Blumenthal, stated his in­ Port Authority. Put an end to the se­ Cleveland. CORE is calling for a ci­ oral nomination. But at public hear­ tention to invoke the Taylor Law, crecy of so-called public l!orporations vilian review board to investigate the ings held the week of May 21 and which outlaws strikes by public em­ and let the public see what the true charges of brutality. sponsored by the Institute for Public ployees, to help keep transit wages financial picture is. Several representatives of the police Transportation, these Dem

18 Socialist candidate ra~s Detroit co~s- Dixon: ~Democrats keeping Blacks down !I By LINDA NORDQUIST "What has the Democratic Party ever just needs to work." to be bused and they voted for Black DETROIT-On June 2 the United done for Blacks?" Dixon asked. "When Coleman Young gave a history of control of the schools in the Black Black Coalition ( UBC), an organi­ has it ever organized the Black com­ his political activities since he left the community with adequate fmances. zation composed largely of liberal munity against STRESS [a plain­ executive committee of the CIO in Moreover, the Michigan delegation, Democrats, invited the three Black clothes police terror unit operating 1948 "because of racism" and joined led for the most part by Black Dem­ candidates for mayor to address their principally in the Black community] the Progressive Party (a third capital­ ocrats and United Auto Workers bu- meeting. About 50 people attended or against slumlords? It hasn't. And ist party that ran Henry Wall ace for reaucrats, walked out to protest pas­ and heard Democrat Coleman Young, the reason is that it's a capitalist par­ president in 1948). He rejoined the sage of the radical and nationalist Republican Edward Bell, and Maceo ty, just like the Republican Party, Democratic Party 10 years later, after · Black Agenda. The Agenda called for, Dixon, candidate of the Socialist whose policies both on a national and being "blacklisted and in limbo" be­ among other things, Black commu­ Workers Party. a local level are opposed to the needs cause of his association with the Pro- nity control of the police.) Speaking first, Dixon described the of the masses of Blacks in this coun- gressive Party. He said he is in the problems Black people face in De­ try." Democratic Party because it is "only Young was then asked why he troit and then assailed the role of Asked how he would improve police­ 50 percent racist while the Republican walked out of the Gary convention the Democratic Party in "keeping community relations, Dixon said, "The Party is 90 percent racist." but did not walk out of the Michigan Blacks down." present police department has proven Young called for higher salaries for Democratic Party convention when the that it is totally incapable of protect­ cops because "mor·e money would pro­ followers of Alabama Governor ing Blacks. It is an occupation force fessionalize the police. I would insti­ George Wallace succeeded in killing in the Black community with author­ tute a pay incentive so the police an anti-STRESS proposal. He re­ ization to kill. I think it should be would go to school." sponded feebly, ''You can't leave an dissolved and replaced by a self-de­ Young was then asked about his organization unless you have another fense organization drawn from the role at the National Black Political to stand on. I've left the Democratic Black community and run by pop­ convention last year in Gary, Ind. Party in the past, no doubt I'll leave ularly elected councils from the Black He said he led the walkout by most again in. the future, and I'll probably community that have the power to of the Michigan delegates since the come back." hire, fire, and oversee its activities." "convention was a tool used by Nixon All three candidates called for the Edward Bell said he would improve because it called for a Black political abolition of STRESS. The UBC itself police-community relations by "putting party. The people who attended that was formed last January to urge con­ more uniformed police on the streets convention were stupid. For example, gressional hearings on STRESS. The because uniformed police are a nat­ in discussing quality education, they UBC supported, and some of its mem­ ural deterrent to crime." Asked if he voted against busing." bers served on, the Independent Black Militant/Joel Aber would support community control of (Young misrepresented the busing Commission for Inquiry into Police SWP mayoral candidate Maceo Dixon the police, Bell responded, "No. There discussion. The delegates voted that Terror, which held community hear­ wants police in Black community replaced is nothing wrong with the present Blacks should make the decision as ings early this year on the activities by community-controlled force. structure of the police department; it to whether or not their children are of STRESS.

San Diego SWP backs city workers !I fight By SHARRON COONTZ picket lines and elsewhere fighting for The Public Employment Program is SAN DIEGO, June 1-At a campaign that right." a community service agency provid­ kickoff rally held here this evening, The San Diego city council is laying ing drug counseling and other social Salm Kolis, Socialist Workers Party vicious antilabor plans for a possible services. Its funding has been cut by candidate for city council, blasted "the strike of city and county workers here the Nixon administration. present city council, composed of Dem­ this summer. The council has made a At a city council meeting held May ocrats and Republicans" because it final wage offer already declared un­ 31, PEP workers opposed the council's "doesn't support the right of city em­ acceptable by the American Federation threat to use them as scabs. They ployees to strike for higher wages." In of State, County and Municipal Em­ urged the council to keep them work­ fact, she said, it "has threatened to fire ployees, one of the four unions in­ ing at their present jobs by allocating any city worker who goes on strike." volved. In addition, the council has the city's federal revenue sharing funds Kolis, a 22-year-old student, ex­ threatened to hire 600 Public Employ­ to the agency. The SWP candidates plained that she and her seven run­ ment Program (PEP) workers, current­ supported this demand in a statement ning mates on the SWP ticket "not only ly facing layoff due to federal funding distributed at the council hearing. Dave Goldman support the city and county employees cutbacks, for use as scabs against the The campaign kickoff rally was at­ San Diego SWP candidates Marta Rich­ right to strike, but can be seen on the city workers' strike. tended by 50 people. The speakers, mond, Holbrook Mahn, Reiko Obata, and in addition to Kolis, were Leslie Dork, Leslie Dork. running for city council, and Hol­ brook Mahn, a former high school teacher who is one of the two SWP There are two SWP candidates for candidates for the San Diego school the Community College Governing board. Dork, 22, is the chairwoman of Board: Dennis Scarla, 22, a student· the San Diego Young Socialist Al­ at San Diego State University (SDSU); liance. and Marta Richmond, 33, also Other candidates on the SWP ticket a SDSU student and a mother of three were announced at a news conference children now attending public schools. held here May 30. Running with Mahn for San Biego SWP city council candidates in ad­ School Board is Reiko Obata, a 17- dition to Dork and Kolis are Susan year-old student at Morse high school. Christie, 25, a legal secretary who Obata has been a leader of struggles On May 10, more than 500 members of Social Services Union Local 535 picketed has been active in the Wounded Knee in her school to halt the forced trans­ San Diego County administration building as part of city employees' struggle against Solidarity Defense Circle here; and ferring and firing of Black, Asian, soaring inflation. Lori Adolewski, 26. and Chicano teachers. Calif. ballot restrictions hit in Supreme Court On May 25, the Committee for Demo­ equal to 5 percent of those who voted According to Ron Reosti, CoDEL The CoDEL brief shows.how such cratic Election Laws ( CoDEL) sub­ in the previous election, are required legal director, who prepared the Cali­ restrictive ballot requirements serve to mitted arguments to the Supreme for statewide candidates. No indepen­ fornia brief for CoDEL, the object of exclude independents and third parties Court in support of candidates who dent candidate running for a statewide CoDEL's intervention is to show that from the ballot. In 1972, no candidate are challenging California's require­ office in California has ever met this the 5 percent requirement itself is un­ for president qualified by petitioning ments for independent ballot status. requirement. constitutional. (In 1970, the Supreme for ballot status in any of the states The outcome of this suit is expected Court upheld Georgia's 5 percent re­ having a 5 percent requirement. The lawsuit now before the court to set important precedents for future quirement, in a case brought by Linda These arguments in the Supreme was initiated by the American Civil challenges to state election laws re­ Jenness, then Socialist Workers can­ Court will be supplemented by a Liberties Union on behalf of Gus Hall, garding independent or smaller party didate for governor of Georgia.) CoDEL suit in California's northern Communist Party 1972 presidential ballot rights. district federal court. This suit chal­ candidate, and other independent can­ The original ACL U suit challenged The CoDEL brief argues that the lenges the excessive requirements for didates. To win a ballot position in only the restrictions on who may sign petitioning requirement would take forming a political party in Califor­ California, a candidate can collect sig­ petitions and the short period of 25 such a large financial outlay that it nia. Contributions to help defray costs natures only from people who do not days for collecting signatures. It did prevents all but the best financed or may be sent to CoDEL, Box 649 vote in the primary. not challenge the 5 percent require­ wealthiest candidates from getting on Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. Currently, 429,797 valid signatures, ment itself. the ballot. 10003.

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 19 In Review UNREST SOUL OF IN THE rATl NIGGER AUTO CHARLEY The Soul of Nigger Chorley. Star­ ring Fred Williamson. Paramount PLANTS Pictures. The Company and the Union by "Ain't none of us ever gonna be free William Serrin. Alfred A. Knopf. as long as a single Black man's a New York, 1973. 352 pp. $7.95. slave." With these words, Nigger Charley (played by Fred Williamson) In the fall of 1970, after five years sets out on a mission to free 71 Black of uninterrupted inflation, speedup, slaves held captive in Mexico. and deteriorating job conditions, auto­ Nigger Charley and his sidekick mobile workers were anxious to shut Toby are two slaves who fled a Vir­ the industry down. Their strike at ginia plantation. In this film they join General Motors was one of the largest ranks with a group of Mexican bandits and most expensive in U.S. history. Truman ushered in cold-war period by anti-Soviet drive during Greek after stealing $100,000 in gold from The central issue in the dispute was civil war. an ex-Dixie colonel who maintains a the United Auto Workers demand for slave empire south of the border. a substantial increase in wages and The United States and the Origins of the Cold War, 1941- Nigger Charley hopes to buy the an unlimited cost-of-living clause for slaves' freedom from the colonel with protection against further inflation. 1947 by John Lewis Gaddis. Columbia University Press. New York, 1972. 396 pp. Cloth $12.50, paper $3. 95. the colonel's own gold. The 340,000 strikers won the esca­ Of course, "no nigger can get away lator clause after · two and a half with doing this" to a Dixie colonel. months, despite the union leadership's The author of this work has tried to impeach the views of the "re­ Thus, Nigger Charley, with 14 Blacks limited strategy of striking only one visionist" historians while not agreeing entirely with the apologists he's picked up along the way and of the auto companies at a time. for the ruling class. Although Gaddis has researched his subject thoroughly, his analy­ the Mexicans, are forced to take on The negotiations leading to the the colonel's gang of cutthroats, an strike, and the relations between GM, sis remains on the surface of events that led to the cold war. He the UAW officials, and the workers is deals largely with diplomatic maneuvers and counter-maneuvers be­ tween the Soviet Union and the United States and does not probe into the basic reasons for the breakup of the wartime alliance. Gaddis acknowledges that Soviet aims in the war were modest -to Film protect the Soviet Union from further invasions from western Europe. Books By implication, therefore, the reader must conclude that the anti­ ornery bunch of low-down rebels who Soviet campaign launched in America after the war must be make periodic runs into the U.S. to the subject of this useful study by Wil­ attributed to the imperialist ambitions of the United States, not to al­ capture ex-slaves. liam Serrin. leged "revolutionary expansionist" plots of Soviet rulers. Needless to say, in the end,. the The history of the UAW's heroic The wartime alliance w·as actually based on the common aim Blacks and Mexicans (a touch of early years and the radical rhetoric of defeating Hitler and after that, Japan. Third World solidarity) defeat the col- of its late president Walter Reuther has Strains on the alliance began early in the war when Roosevelt given the union a left-of-center reputa­ failed to redeem a promise that the U. S. and England would open tion. In reality, it is a conservative, a second front in France in 1942 to relieve the Red Army from the undemocratic union. While 40 percent of UAW members are under 30, the union's top officials are pushing 60. Almost a third of the union membership is B·lack, and Books Blacks make up 60 to 70 percent of the workers on the urban assembly burden of opposing almost the entire Nazi army. lines. Yet only 125 of the union's 925 After the surrender of Italy in 1943 the Americans and British staff members are Black. excluded the Soviets from any meaningful role in deciding Italy's Serrin writes: "Many young Blacks future. A similar conclusion was reached with regard to France. in the plants today believe that the These steps became the pretext for Stalin to exclude the U.S. and UAW is no different from G. M., Ford England from any role in Eastern Europe. or Chrysler when it comes to aiding The termination of lend-lease even before hostilities were ended, Blacks. 'We are still on the plantation,' Americ.an monopoly of the atom bomb, and failure to agree on says a Black Ford worker. 'That's many important postwar problems at the July 1945 Potsdam con­ what the plant is . . . short for plan- ference served to sever the wartime alliance. tation.' / When Trum;m launched an anti-Soviet drive in 1947 by giving "Another Black Ford worker says, aid to Greece and Turkey on the grounds that they were threatened 'Nobody does anything for us-not by Soviet "imperialism," the cold-war period was begun. . the companies, not the union.'" But American policy makers were inspired by the needs of their "While 14 percent of the workers in capitalist economy, not by idealistic considerations of keeping the automobile plants are women," Serrin world at peace. Fred Williamson as Nigger Charley observes, "... few women are active Gaddis concludes that "officials in Washington and Moscow in leadership roles in the UAW." brought to the task of policy formulation a variety of pre­ High absenteeism is not restricted to · onel and his bunch and free the slaves. conceptions, shaped by personality, ideology, political pressures, And rather than kill the surviving the dirtiest and most disagreeable even ignorance and irrationality, all of which influenced their be­ jobs. "In the Chrysler glass plant, whites, Nigger Charley shows he's not havior. Once this complex interaction of stimulus and response revengeful and lets them go. a place that the UAW's Doug Frazer is taken into account, it becomes clear that neither side can bear called 'scrupulously clean, very quiet, This film is a sequel to The Legend sole responsibility for the onset ofthe Cold War." of Nigger Charley. However, it didn't by the nature of the operation' the This leaves out of account Stalin's betrayals: his orders to the absenteeism rate stands at 8 ·to 9% leave me as fulfilled as the original. French and Italian Communist parties to enter their respective It didn't seem to flow as well, and it in the middle of the week and around capitalist governments instead of opposing them; his failure to aid 15% on Fridays and Mondays." is roughly done. In one scene, for Greek revolutionaries fighting British troops; his instructions to example, as Nigger Charley and his . The union bureaucrats and com­ American and British Stalinists to subordinate themselves to their pany managers both complain, "The men ride too close to one "dead" man, capitalist classes; his dissolution of the Communist International in he moves his arm. kids are extremely difficult to disci­ 1943 to please Roosevelt and Churchill. pline, if not impossible." Says UAW These Nigger Charley films are de­ In the 25 years since the cold war began, the United States has signed to present an entertaining, President Leonard Woodcock, "It's all stationed armed forces around the world, intervened militarily in very puzzling"-but not too puzzling though fictionalized filmed version of Korea, Indochina, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic. It has spent the ordeals of ex-slaves. Like other to the new generation of auto workers. hundreds of billions for war purposes. -HERMAN KIRSCH Black films, they're designed to ap­ On the other hand, Soviet officials have disavowed any revolution­ peal to Black awareness- and they ary ambitions and have tried only to get "peaceful coexistence." work. It's a joy to see Blacks strug­ Stalinists in all parts of the world are nonrevolutionary. gle and win against racist whites and The overall picture is that despite Stalin's treacherous retreats an oppressive system, even if only and surrender of revolutionary principles, American imperialists for 90 minutes or so. adopted aggressive policies that place responsibility for the cold -BAXTER SMITH war squarely on their doorstep and nowhere else.-MILTON ALVIN

20 New books Indy 500: death ~::~!~i.!~nt sales .Goodman also made a visi~le impact the pre- trap On wheels vwus week, as a New York Tzmes reporter noted fr om Pa thfi nd er Sudden death is an occupational hazard in the in an ~rticl.e on. the Democratic ~ay~r~l c~nt:n.d- auto racing business. Last month's Indianapolis er Mana B1agg1. Under the headmg Btaggt V1s1ts Look for these recently published books at book­ 500 was rto exception. Herald Sq. And Finds It a Busy Spot," the second stores in your area or order directly from Path­ The statistics were grim, even for this modern paragraph ends this way: "Over the heads and finder Press 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. version of the Roman circus. DEAD: Driver Art noise of it all, 23-year-old Marty Goodman, a 10014. Pollard (killed in a qualifying heat) and mechanic member of the Young Socialist Alliance, waved Problems of Everyday Life and Other Writings on Armando Teran (struck by a fire truck racing a copy .of The Militant, a Socialist weekly, yelling: Culture and &ience by Leon Trotsky. Introduc­ to a crash scene). MAIMED: Drivers Swede Savage "'After you shake hands with the fraud, check tion by George Novack. The Russian revolution of and David "Salt" Walther, both trapped in flaming out The Militant. Read about how the Democrats 1917 was not simply a political overturn. It was crashes. INJURED: Twelve spectators, sprayed are wiretapping. Biaggi is a Democrat, that's his also a social revolution affecting every aspect of with napalm-like flaming fuel from Walther's crash. party. Read about how the Democrats are going society -from religion and primitive isolation in Walther's smash-up carried his car high above soft on Watergate."' the countryside to the old cultural seams of the the track for 300 feet. When it slammed back down Other areas hitting their peak during the last family. Trotsky's writings on the problems of on the field, he was still inside as it burst into week of the drive were Atlanta with 469; Los everyday life, science, culture, and philosophy re­ a ball of flame. Angeles, 570; Brooklyn, 533; and Cleveland, 570. flect his concern with the relationship between cul­ Savage's crash was even worse. Travelling at tural developments and the progress of the socialist 190 miles an hour, his car struck a barrier, tum­ revolution. In confronting the tasks of building a bled 800 feet, struck another, and exploded. new society on the debris of the old, he stands out It's a miracle that Savage is still alive. As it is, as one of the earliest advocates of "socialism with a his right hand is burned so badly that he may human face." Many of these articles appear in never be able to use it again. Both his legs are English for the first time. Others have been out-of- shattered, and his left lung collapsed soon after he was taken to the hospital. The auto and tire manufacturers, who draw News from Pathfinder millions in free publicity from death traps like the Indianapolis 500, used to justify the races print for decades. A Monad Press book, distributed on the grounds that they were necessary to test by Pathfinder Press. Notes, Index. 352pp., $8.95, new engine and chassis design. But as New York paper $3.45. Daily News sportswriter Gene Wiud pointed out, Militant/Mark Satinoff Israel: A Colonial-Settler State? by Maxime Rodin­ "That has becoine a joke. If adapted by industry, son. Introduction by Peter Buch. airfoils, treadless tires, superchargers, etc., would In addition to the broad response to The Mili­ This essay, now available in English for the make a more complete shambles of the highways tant's coverage of Watergate and African Libera­ than they are already." first time, sparked an international controversy tion Day, interest in the farm workers struggle As it is now, racing cars are nothing but 200 when it first appeared in Jean-Paul Sartre' s journal has resulted in increased sales. Chicago support­ mile per hour fuel tanks on .wheels. The drivers Les Temps Moderne. I. F. Stone in New York Re­ ers sold 47 Militants at a June 3 farm worker sup­ sit virtually surrounded by rubber tanks inflated view of Books wrote, "M. Rodinson's contribution port rally. is by far the most brilliant in the whole volume." Los Angeles and San Diego SWP and YSA mem­ Irene Gendzier, The Middle East Journal, hailed bers attending a strike support rally in Coachella the essay as " . . . by far, the most profound, if American Way of Life Valley sold 51 copies. "The response was excel­ not the most controversial, summary of the posi­ lent," Los Angeles sales director Jessica Starr re­ tion that Israel is a colonial fact .... " with 75 gallons of highly explosive racing fuel. ports. An additional 170 copies were distributed Rodinson is a noted French scholar and director The tanks frequently burst on impact. to strikers. of the Ecole Practique des Hautes Etudes of the Averaging 214 mph in the straightaways and The Militant will continue to have on-the-spot Sorbonne. He draws upon Hebrew, Arabic, and 180 mph on the corners, the machines have become coverage of the farm workers struggle, which Western sources to support his thesis that Zionism, so fast that reaction time for the drivers has been salespeople plan to get out to as many people cut to as little as eight-tenths of a second. At 200 as possible throughout the summer. Already Mil­ mph this translates to 30 yards. itant supporters in nine cities report they plan Driver Jerry Grant, who narrowly escaped both to maintain their spring sales goal; two others crashes at Indianapolis this year, explained just even plan to increase it.-Some areas are still think­ what this means: "The crashes happened right ing out how they can maintain their regular sales in front of me. There was nothing I could do spots as well as test new outdoor locations. but keep going straight ahead. No skill was in­ If you or your group can take a bundle to sell volved on my part, just blind luck." during the summer, just fill out the coupon below Other drivers complained about the new wider, and send it into the business office. treadless tires the manufacturers have been push­ ing. Combined with the airfoils, they're supposed to give better traction. Goodyear and Firestone Militant scoreboard to the contrary, it doesn't always work that way. AREA SOLD WEEKLY SOLD The new tire "is not so effective when there is LAST GOAL PREVIOUS an absence of good, clean air movement," driver WEEK % WEEK Jackie Stew art of Scotland explained before the Lower ManhaHan 1,265 500 253 (1,129) race. When a car travels in the wake of another, Oakland/Berkeley 1,133 500 227 (521) it's moving in a cone of dead air. This cancels Cleveland 570 300 190 (360) out the adhesion of the treadless tire to the track. Upper West Side 668 400 167 (448) If Walther's car had veered in the opposite direc­ Brooklyn 533 325 164 (491) tion, or if Savage's car had gone out of control Boston 806 500 161 (845) a few hundred yards farther down the track, both Atlanta 469 300 156 (343) would have caromed over a two-foot retaining Denver 345 225 153 (266) despite its unique features, fits into the pattern of wall and landed among the fuel pumps. The re­ Nashville 60 40 150 (40) Western colonialism. Rodinson is also the author sulting explosion could have killed hundreds of Seattle 325 250 130 (374) of Israel and the Arabs and Mohammad. A Monad spectators within seconds, probably before they Los Angeles 570 450 127 (450) Press book, distributed by Pathfinder Press. Notes, knew what had happened. San Diego 312 250 125 (310) Index, Maps. 128pp., $4.95, paper $1.75. Cock fighting is illegal in the U. S. It is con­ San Francisco 602 500 120 (507) Letters From Prison by James P. Cannon. Intro­ sidered inhumane to put two roosters in a ring Washington, D. C. 287 250 115 (301) duction by Jack Barnes. until one rips the other to death. But each year Philadelphia 297 275 108 (417) Originally published in 1968 by Merit Publishers Goodyear, Firestone, STP, and other automotive Detroit 363 350 104 (262) in a cloth edition only, this new paperback edition manufacturers are allowed to stage far bloodier Porfland 208 200 104 (217) will be an important addition to every revolution­ events, pitting human beings against impossible Chicago 514 500 103 (602) ary's library. Along with 17 other leaders of the odds in a race with death. That, you see, is a Austin 152 150 101 (160) Socialist Workers Party and the Minneapolis Truck­ "sport." -MICHAEL BAUMANN Twin Cities 353 350 101 (249) drivers Local' 544-CIO, James P. Cannon was San Bernardino 25 25 100 (*) sent t.o prison in 1944 for his opposition to the Storrs 15 15 100 (22) second world war. Central New Jersey 30 32 94 (14) This is a collection of the letters Cannon wrote Houston 400 500 80 (330) from prison during the period of rising radicaliza­ Hartford 18 30 60 (15) tion that developed as the war drew to a close. TOTAL SOLD LAST WEEK 10,320 Cannon addresses himself to problems of politics GOAL 7,000 and organization that occur during a time of rapid (*no report) growth of the revolutionary party. Today, three decades later, also a time of radicalization and HELP SELL THE MILITANT! party growth, these problems of building the revo­ ------· Please send me a weekly bundle of ( 12.5 cents/ lutionary party retain their relevancy: the im­ copy, payable after you sell them): 5 10 25 ·portance of education on national and international questions, the need for professionalism, the vital Name ______role of the revolutionary press, the building of a Address ______leadership team, and many more. Notes, Index. It's too late to ask driver Art Pollard what he thinks City State Zip _____ 362pp., paper $3.45. -PEGGY BRUNDY of Goodyear tires. 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 21 that Nixon will not get away with convention of the Coalition of Black in Vietnam, Clifford's insights into the attempts to cover up the truth about Trade Unionists also supported the political risks posed by further escala­ U.S. involvement in Southeast Asia." strike. tion of the war played a key role in Calendar Abe Bloom, a national coordinator Other prominent trade unionists who producing the new policy, which came AUSTIN of NPAC, announced logistics for the spoke or were introduced were Abe to be known as "Vietnamization." This SOCIALIST SUMMER SCHOOL. Strategy lor World Rev­ demonstration in Washington. Dem­ Feinglass, international vice-president included the reinforcement of the South olution. Every Tuesday and Thursday at 7:30 p.m. onstrators will assemble at the Ken­ of the Meat Cutters; Dan Healy, Vietnamese army and the use of air­ from June 12 through June 28. At the Militant Book­ nedy Center Plaza (near the Water­ power to allow the withdrawal of U.S. store, I SOl Nueces. Six classes on the transitional regional director of the AFL-CIO; program. For more .information call (512) 478-8602. gate). Starting at 1 p.m., protesters Jacob Mitchell, Amalgamated Cloth­ ground troops. will march past the White House to ing Workers; and Robert Healy, presi­ Clifford argued that to continue the BROOKLYN the Justice Department. There will be escalation of the war would lead to POLITICAL DISSENT IN SOVIET UNION. Speaker: Mari­ dent of the Chicago Federation of lyn Vogl, staff writer for Intercontinental Press; Raman speakers at all three locations. Bloom Teachers. Several telegrams were skyrocketing battlefield casualties and Kupchynsky, Committee to Defend Soviet Political Pris· said all necessary permits for the dem­ read, including one from Neil soaring inflation that would "tear the oners. Fri., June 15, 8 p.m. 136 lawrence St. (near onstration ·have been secured. Bratcher, executive director of District country apart." He played a key role A&S). Donation: 51, h. s. students 50c. Prelorum dinner, Among the endorsers of the Wash­ in convincing LBJ to call a secret 6:30 p.m., 51.50. Ausp: Brooklyn Militant Forum. For Council19 of AFSCME. · more information call (212)596-2849. ington protest, in addit-ion to NPAC Angel Moreno, Illinois chairman of meeting of what Newsweek called non­ and the PCPJ, are Benjamin Spock, the Raza Unida Party, and indepen­ governmental "'wise men'- mostly HOUSTON Washington Teachers Union, Young members of the Eastern Establish­ HOUSTON SOCIALIST WORKERS CAMPAIGN BAN­ dent candidate for Congress in the QUET AND RALLY. Speakers: Kris Vasquez, SWP can­ Socialist Alliance, Dr. Ralph Aber­ 7th Congressional District, partici­ ment," for a critical policy review. didate lor Houston school board; Dan Fein, SWP can­ nathy, Father James Groppi, Socialist pated in the march and was intro­ The New York Times, on March 6 didate lor mayor of Houston; Melissa Singler, former Workers Party, Washington Labor for duced at the rally. and 7, 1969, published a list of 14 SWP candidate lor mayor of Austin. Theater by Teatro Peace, George Wiley, and the Reverend men invited to this meeting. Not one Bayuco. Sat., June 16, 6 p.m.: refreshments; 7 p.m.: dinner and rally. 3311 Montrose. Donation: $4, dinner Paul Mayer. of them was elected to any public and rally; 51, rally only. Far mare information call For further information contact office. They were Democrats and Re­ 17131 526-1082. NPAC and SMC at 1345 Connecti­ publicans alike. cut Ave. N. W., Washington, D. C. ... Iran Following a late~night discussion of NEW YORK: LOWER MANHATTAN Continued from page J 6 FRAME-UP, BlACKMAil, AND INTIMIDATION: The rec­ 20036. Telephone: (202) 293-3855. this group LBJ got the message that, ord of America's secret police. Speakers: Karl Broege, held 20,000 political prisoners in as the Times summarized the decision, Camden 28 defense lawyer; Allen Myers, staff writer 1969, according to Bahman Nirv­ "We had better start looking for for Intercontinental Press covering Watergate revela­ mand's book Iran: The New Imperial­ another way to get this war settled." tions. Fri., June 15, B p.m. 706 Broadway (near W. ism in Action, and probably many 4th St.), Eighth Floor. Donation: 51, h. s. students 50c. Also following this meeting, LBJ Ausp: lower Manhattan Militant Forum. For more more today. His police used sub­ made his decision not to seek re­ information call (212)982-6051. ... UFWU machine guns against high school stu­ Continued from page 5 election in 1968. dents demonstrating for better schools The capitalist ruling class dumped SAN DIEGO they didn't think a successful boycott WATERGATE SCANDAL. Speakers: Brent Seltzer, KGB in 1959. one president and is perfectly willing could be pulled off again. But the radio; Susan Christie, Socialist Workers Party; and While the Iranian people starve, the to dump another if he is no longer others. Fri., June 15, 8 p.m. 4635 El Cajon ~vd. response, he said, both nationally and shah gives his empress gifts such as capable of meeting its needs. The pub­ (across from Hamburger House). Donation: $J, h. s. internationally, is greater this time a crown worth nearly $3-million. The lication of Clifford's call for the students 50c. For more in/ormation call (714) 280- than it ever was in the past. 1292. shah's sister, Princess Ashraf, on the resignation of Nixon and Agnew Delores Huerta spoke about the WASHINGTON, D. C. other hand, was arrested in Switzer­ shows that at least some of the rulers THE WATERGATE REVELATIONS. Speaker: Peter Seid­ A& P boycott. She said that already land in 1960 carrying suitcases full want Nixon to know he is expendable. man, staff writer far The Militant. Fri., June 15, 8 p.m. in Boston, five large chains have of heroin. 1345 E St. N. W., Fourth Floor. (NOTE NEW ADDRESS.) stopped buying grapes and lettuce, But just as replacing Johnson and Donation: 51, h. s. students 50c. Ausp: Militant Forum. But these killers, torturers, and her­ For more. information call (202) 783-2391. and that the New York and New oin smugglers are Nixon's kind of his Vietnam policy of "nailing the Jersey A& Ps are not buying lettuce. people. Together with such forces as coonskin to the wall" with Nixon and She emphasized the impact of the boy­ South Vietnamese President Thieu, Is­ Vietnamization did not change the fun­ cott and urged the participants in the rael's Golda Meir, exiled Cuban coun­ damental aims of U.S. imperialism in ... antiwar rally to mobilize as much support as terrevolutionaries, and other so-called Vietnam- neither will Clifford's pro­ Continued from page 3 they possibly could. free world forces, they are committed posal to substitute some other capital­ campuses. Among those organizations Reverend Willie Barrows of Opera­ to keep the world safe for imperialist ist politician for Nixon put an end to was the Student Mobilization Com­ tion PUSH spoke, stressing the need exploitation, by any means necessary. the Watergate-style functioning of the mittee. Agent 33 was only one of hun­ for everyone to unite behind ·the strike capitalist government in W aJ;hington. dreds of government agents provoca­ and go back to the community to What must be replaced is not just teurs whose jobs were to spy on and publicize the things that are going on. Nixon, Agnew, and their gang, but disrupt campus antiwar organizations Charles Hayes, international vice­ the whole capitalist system that places across the country." president of the Meat Cutters Union, ... Wgate secret police, armies, prisons-the "We will not be intimidated by the AFL-CIO, and national leader of the Continued from page 24 whole governmental apparatus-in government attempts to destroy the Coalition of Black Trade Unionists, under LBJ. the service of a ruthless minority class antiwar movement," Bailey declared. stated his support of the strike. He During the governmental debate that profits from the exploitation of "We will protest on June 16 to show announced that the recent national produced by the 1968 Tet offensive the majority it oppresses. Socialist Directory ALABAMA: Tuscoloosn: YSA, P. 0. Box 5462, University, Ala. 35486. lake Charles: YSA, c/o Cathy Harrison, P. 0. Box 16, MSU, lake Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway (106th St.), New ARIZONA: Phoenix: c/o Steve Shliveck, P. 0. Box 890, Tempe, Ariz. Charles, La. 70601. York, -N.Y. I 0025. Tel: (212) 663-3000. 85281. New Orleans: YSA, c/o Clarence Williams, 3141 N. Tonti St., New OHIO: Bowling Green: YSA, Box 27, U. Hall, Bowling Green State CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP and YSA, 3536 Telegraph Ave., Orleans, La. 70117. University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43402. Oakland, Calif. 94609. Tel: (415)654-9728. MARYLAND: Baltimore: YSA, c/o Dave McKim, 2103 Belair Rd., Balti­ Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box 32084, Cincinnati, Ohio Chico: YSA, c/o Kathy Isabell, 266 E. Sacramento Ave., Chico, Calif. more, Md. 21213. Tel: (301)732-8996. 45232. Tel: (513) 381-2897. 95926. College Park: YSA, University P. 0. Box 73, U of Md., College Park, Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44103. las Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave., los Angeles, Md. 20742. tel: SWP-(216) 391-5553, YSA-(216) 391-3278. Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-1213)463-1917, YSA-(213)463-1966. MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, U of Mass., Amherst, Columbus: YSA, c/o Daryl Drobnick, 1510 Georgesville Rd., Colum­ Riverside: YSA, c/o Univ. of Calif. at Riverside, 1134 library South, Mass. 01002. bus, Ohio, 43228. Tel: (614) 878-5297. Riverside, Calif. 92502. Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant labor Forum, 655 Atlantic Ave., Toledo: YSA, c/o Shannon O'Toole, 1606 Freemon St., *2, Toledo, Sacramento: YSA, c/o Darren Crown, 2321 "E" St., Sacramento, Calif. Third Floor, Boston, Moss. 02111. Tel: SWP-(617) 482-8050, YSA­ Ohio 43606. Tel: (419) 472-2592. 95816. (617) 482-8051; Issues and Activists Speaker's Bureau (IASB) andRe­ Yellow Springs: YSA, Antioch College Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio San Diego: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 4635 El Cajon Blvd., gional Committee- (617) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books- (617) 338-8560. 45387. Son Diego, Calif. 92115. Tel: 1714)280 1292. OREGON: Eugene, YSA, c/o Dave Hough, 1216 1/2 lincoln, Eugene, San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant labor Forum, and Militant Books, MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 Wood­ Ore. 97401. 1519 M;ssion St., San Francisco, Calif. 94103. Tel: (415) 864-9174. ward Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. Tel: (313) TEI-6135. Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stork, Fifth Floor, Portland, Ore. San Jose: YSA, c/o Krista Zane, 514 1/2 San Benito Ave., los Gatos, East Lansing: YSA, Second Floor Offices, Union Bldg. Michigan State 9720<'. Tel: (503) 226-2715. Calif. 95030. Tel: 1408r 354-2373. University, East lansing, Mich. 48823. PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State College, Edinboro, San Mateo: YSA, c/o Chris Stanley, 1712 Yorktown Rd., San Mateo, MI. Pleasant, YSA, P. 0. Box 98, Warriner Hall, CMU, Mt. Pleasant, Pa. 16412. Calif. 97330. Mich. 48858. Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, I 004 Filbert St. (one block north of Mar­ Santa Barbaro: YSA, c/o Carolyn Marsden, 413 Shasta ln., Santo MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and labor Bookstore, ket), Philadelphia, Po. 19107. Tel: (215) WA5-4316. Barbaro, Calif. 93101. 1 University N.E. (at E. Hennepin) Second Floor, Mpls. 55413. Tel: (612) COLORADO: Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 1203 Cal­ 332-7781. SOUTH DAKOTA: Sioux Falls: YSA, c/o Deb Rogers, 2309 S. 4th St., ifornia, Denver, Cola. 80204. Tel: (303) 623-2825. Bookstore open Mon.­ St. Cloud: YSA, c/o Atwood Center, St. Cloud State College, St. Cloud, Sioux Falls, S. Oak. 57105. Tel: (605) 332-4654. Sat., 10:30o.m.-7p.m. Minn. 56301. TENNESSEE: Nashville: YSA, 1214 17th Ave. S., Nashville, Tenn. CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, P.O. Box 1184, Hartford, Conn. 06101. MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Office, U of Mis­ 37212. Tel: (615) 292-8827. Tel: 12031 523-7582. souri at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road,.Konsos City, Mo. 64110. TEXAS: Austin: YSA, SWP, Militant Bookstore, Harriet Tubman Hall, New Haven: YSA, P. 0. Box 185, New Hoven, Conn. 06501. St. louis: YSA, P. 0. Box 8037, St. louis, Mo. 63156. Tel: (314) 371- 1801 Nueces, Austin, Texas78701. Tel: (512) 478-8602. Storrs: YSA, U of Conn., P. 0. Box 344, Storrs, Conn. 06268. 1503. Houston: SWP, YSA, and Pathfinder Books, 3311 Montrose, Houston, RORIDA: Tallahassee: YSA, c/o Sarah Ryan, 1806 lake Bradford Rd., NEW HAMPSHIRE: Portsmouth: YSA, t'. 0. Box 479, Durham, N.H. Texas 77006. Tel. (713) 526-1082. Tallahassee, Flo. 32304. 03824. San Antonio: YSA, c/o P. 0. Box 774, San AntoniO, Texas 78202. GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant B.ookstore, 68 Peachtree St. N. E., Third NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: YSA, c/o Kathy Helmer, 9920 Leyen­ UTAH: logan: YSA, P. 0. Box 1233, Utah State University, logon, Utah Floor, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and YSA, P. 0. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. decker Rd. N. E., Albuquerque, N. M. 87112. Tel: (505)296-6230. 84321. 30301. Tel: 1404)523-061 0. NEW YORK: Albany: YSA, c/o laura Grunberg, Box 2179, Mohican Salt lake City: YSA, Student Activities Center, University of Utah, Salt IUINOIS: Carbondale: YSA, c/o Jim Miles, 1207 South Wall, Hoffman Hall, Indian Quad 1400, Washington Ave. SUNY, Albany, N.Y. 12203. lake City, Utah 84112. Ho11se '147, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. Binghamton: YSA, Box 1073, Harpur College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. VERMONT: Burlington: YSA, c/o John Franco, 241 Malletts Bay Ave., Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310, Tel: (607) 798-4142. Winooski, Vt. 05404. Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: SWP-1312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 lawrence St. (at Willoughby), Brooklyn, WASHINGTON, D. C.: SWP and YSA, 1345 E St. N. W., Fourth Floor, INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities Desk, Indiana Uni­ N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212)596-2849. Wash., D.C. 20004. Tel: SWP-(202) 783-2391; YSA-(202) 783-2363. ersity, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. lang Island: YSA, P. 0. Box 357, Roosevelt, l.l., N.Y. 11575. Tel: (516) WASHINGTON: Pullman: YSA, c/o Dean W. Johnson, 1718 A St., IOWA: Cedar Falls: YSA, c/o Mark Jacobsen, 2310 College St. Apt. B, FR9-0289. Pullman, Wash. 99163. Cedar Falls, lowa50613. Tel: (319)277-2544. New York City-City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broadway (4th St.), Seattle: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., KENTUCKY: lexington: YSA, P. 0. Box 952, University Station, lex­ Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003.Tel: (212) 982-8214. Seattle, Wash. 98105. Hrs. 11 a. m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sat. Tel: (206) 523- ington, Ky. 40506. lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, 706 Broadway 2555. LOUISIANA: lafayette: YSA, c/o Cliff Schlicher, 216 Spring St., la­ (4th S!-), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA-(212) WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James levitt, 411 W. Gorham St., fayette, La. 7050 l. 982-6051; Merit Books- (212) 982-5940. Madison, Wis. 53703. Tel: (608) 257-2835.

22 Maxime Rodinson

A Colonial-Settler State?

"M. Rodinson's contribution is ... brilliant."-!. F. Stone, NEW YORK RE­ VIEW OF BOOKS Subscribe. 3 months Was Palestine a "land without a people for a people without a land?" Was 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014 the Israeli fight against the British an anti-imperialist liberation struggle? Were Zionist crimes against the Arab people solely the responsibility of "extremisf' groups like the lrgun terrorists? What was the real place of Kibbutz collectivism in the establishment of Israel? MEMORIAL MEETING In this incisive essay, Maxime Rodinson, French Jewish scholar and one FRIDAY• JUN~ 22 20 of Europe's leading Mideast authorities, argues that despite its unique In the June YEARS features, Zionism fits into the general paHern of Western colonialism and that Arab opposition to Israel is the opposition of a colonized people to­ wards their colonizers. A MONAD PRESS BOOK, exclusively distributed by Pathfinder Press, Inc. Notes, Maps, Index. 128 pp., $4.95, paper $1.75 YOU NO Order from Pathfinder Press, Inc., 410 West Street, New York, N.Y. 10014 Tel. (212)741-069() SOCIALIST and JULIUS ROSENBERG 'How to SPEAKERS: Morton Sobell • Father Ned Murphy • Carlos fight Feliciano • George Merritt • Rose Sobell • Charlene Mitchell• Walter & Miriam Schneir (authors of "INVITATION TO AN INQUEST: Nixon's A New Look at the Rosenberg-Sobell Case.") READING: Howard DaSilva • SONGS: Pete racism· Seeger· CHAIR PERsON: Helen Sobel! 7-9 PM • FOR HALL (Local 1199) Do something that matters. 310 West 43rd St., New York City I For information call (212) 243-8555 by Supporting the UNITED a speech DEFENSE TO FREE POLITICAL PRISONERS Andrew Pulley Sponsored by the NATIONAL ROSENBERG-SOBELL COMMITTEE Join the YSA! The YOUNG SOCIALIST is an action news­ The YSA is a revolutionary socialist organization for young people who want paper reporting on the struggles of young people here and throughout the world. an alternative to this decaying society. A total transformation of society and the Subscribe today. construction of socialism is what the YSA is fighting for. If you want to .work for ( ) Enclosed is Sl for six months. JGIII'I 1mt ta a a revolutionary change, join the YSA. ( ) Enclosed is S2 for one year (11 isc:ues).- ( ) I would like to order a bundle of ---­ YOUNG SOCIALISTS a month at 12-1/2 cents -Send me a free copy of the Join the YSA brochure. per copy. B48IT -Enclosed is $_ for __ copies of the Join the YSA brochure at two cents each ...._. bJ llaustn lllialii .Un ($2/1 00). NAME------­ ADDRESS------eu.uga SatvdaJ, 11 _I want to join the YSA. CITY ______STATE __ZIP ____ nn

_ I would like more information about the YSA. YOUNG SOCIALIST, Box 471 Cooper Station, New _Enclosed is $1 for 6 months (6 issues) of the YOUNG SOCIALIST. York, N.Y. 10003. Program Name ______7:00 p.m. Dinner Followed by Teatrc Bayuco Address------­ City·------State'------lea a Zip Phone ______Gazpacho Tortillas Tapado de Pelle Paste 1es Pae 11 a Vine Blanco YSA, Box 471 Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. 10003. (212) 989-7570. Frijoles Cafe con leche FRAME-UP= Speakers ~ Kris Vasglez: socialist candidate for schoo board, former editor OUTRAGE IN of Papel Chicano, and organizer TEAMSTER REBELLION of national Chicana Conference helissa SingleM: recent Socialist FARRELL DOBBS Bert corona THE DESERT canaTaate for ayor of Austin 192 pp., $6 95, paper $2.25 The Politico~ Trial of Gary law­ Dan Fein: socialist candidate for Speaks ton, Nehemiah Jackson, and f.laYoror Houston COMING SOON on La Raza Unida Party & The 'Illegal larrie Gardner Alien' Scare. In English or Spanish. ~ 35 cents. 16 pp. 35 cents. Available from the TEAMSTER POWER Pathfinder Press, 4 J 0 West Street, admiSSion 14.00 Riverside Political Prisoners Defense for reservat1ons contact New Yorlc, N.Y. JOOJ4 A MONAD PRESS BOOK Committee, P. 0. Box 5154, San Ber­ Soc1al1st Workers Campa1gn nardino, Calif. 92412. Also available 3311 Montrose Pathfinder Press, 4 J 0 West Street, 526-1082 at all Militant Bookstores. See listing New Yorlc, N.Y. JOOJ4 on page 22. Labor Donated

THE MILITANT/JUNE 15, 1973 23 THE MILITANT More watergate revelations can Nixon ride out the storm? By PETER SEIDMAN JUNE 5 -As the Senate Watergate Committee resumed its hearings to­ day, new revelations provided addi­ tional proof that Nixon personally headed the Watergate gang. The New York Times reported that former attorney general John Mitchell, Nixon's closest political collaborator, personally chose three sites, including the Watergate complex, for electronic bugging in 1972. Further, the Senate Committee heard· testimony that tran­ scripts of wiretapped phone conversa­ tions h~d been sent to the office of H.R. Haldeman, the White House chief of staff and another close Nixon col­ laborator. , The Committee also heard that copies of Water gate political espio­ nage reports were prepared for John Mitchell. This was the first public testimony under oath linking Mitchell to the illegal eavesdropping. floor of the House of Representatives. survival in the White House. president. In another development, former While not committing himself to for­ "Under our system of government," Clifford proposes that the new pres­ White House aide John Dean revealed mal proceedings against Nixon, Mc­ Clifford says, "a President cann()t func­ ident come from a list proposed by June 3 that he met with Nixon more Closkey said he wanted to start a tion without the confidence of the Congress, and agree in advance not than 40 times between January and discussion in the Congress of its re­ American people. Parliamentary sys­ to accept nomination as a presidential April of 1973 to discuss "taking care sponsibilities with respect to impeach­ tems recognize this fact and a gov­ candidate in 19'76. of' the Watergate case. Although the ment. ernment resigns following a vote of He believes this new executive White House initially denied this McCloskey explained his move by no confidence. Under our system, should install "a new, clean slate, a noting that the White House "plumb­ however, the country finds itself facing new White House staff, a new Justice For more on Watergate, see ers" unit, which carried out the bur­ and a half years of spreading paral­ Department, a new, experienced and pages 15-17. glary of the office <:Jf Daniel Ellsberg's ysis." respected head of the F .B. 1." psychiatrist as well as the Watergate Clifford's estimate is that "the exec­ Clifford's plan attempts to meet the breakin, had committed criminal acts. utive branch virtually has ceased to arguments raised by many Demo­ charge "categorically" and accused the And, not convinced by Nixon's ex­ function." And the situation can only cratic politicians that the simple resig­ press of prosecuting "a case against planation that he had to keep these get worse: "Much more damaging facts nation of Nixon would leave Agnew the President . . . using innuendo, dis­ acts secret in the name of "national will be revealed as additional wit­ in office, and give the vice-president tortion of fact and outright falsehood," security," McCloskey said that "to ne.>ses tell their stories and as men, a big advantage as the incumbent in it later admitted that the meetings had take steps 'to insure' that criminal faced with the forbidding prospect of the 1976 presidential campaign. indeed taken place. activities not be exposed, under or­ lengthy prison sentences, decide to tell Further, by giving Congress a voice Even Nixon's feeble attempt to jus­ dinary rules of criminal law, is to the truth." in naming an interim president, Clif­ tify his role in the Watergate cover-up obstruct justice, a felony." What to do? Clifford studiously fc"d seeks to meet the objections raised on the grounds of national security Then on June 4, Democratic Gov­ avoids mentioning the impeachment by many Democratic and Republican was blasted to bits. On June 4, the ernor Partick Lucey of Wisconsin, of the president. Undoubtedly he fears politicians that the White House had, New York Times reported that a series contending that the scandal had the grave damage an extended trial in Clifford's words, "come to treat of high-level CIA memos proved that brought government programs to a of Nixon would do-both in exposing Congress as an inferior branch of the "fhe Federal Bureau of Investigation, standstill and that the economy was the entire gang of crooked, thieving Government." the Central Intelligence Agency and faltering, issued a statement calling politicians in Washington and in para­ Clifford wants to create only the ap­ high White House officials viewed the on Nixon to resign. Lucey argued lyzing the ability of the state to func­ pearance of reform in order to put that a resignation would be much tion most efficiently in behalf of the an end to the Watergate crisis. He is better than impeachment, which would capitalist rulers. acutely aware of the importance of be so divisive that "the cure might Clifford's plan calls for Agnew to maintaining the illusions of masses of be worse than the disease." resign. Exercising his responsibility people in the democratic functioning Also on June 4, Clark Clifford, sec­ under the twenty-fifth Amendment to of the government. This is shown not retary of defense in the Johnson ad-. the Constitution, Nixon could appoint • only by his statement in the New York ministration, called for the resignation a new vice-president. Then Nixon him­ Times, but .also· by the role he played of both Nixon and Agnew. self would resign, and his newly des­ when he was secretary of defense Clifford's statement, which appeared ignated vice-president would become Continued on page 22 in the New York Times, is of par- ticular importance. · Clifford is a lawyer for the DuPont New w·gate burglaries exposed family, one of the most powerful On May 31, Senator Sam Ervin, chairman of the Senate Watergate ruling class families in the United probe, told reporters that the 1970 "secret plan" directed against States. The DuPonts own the General Motors Corporation, the largest in­ the left, which was approved by top national security departments . Nixon and Agnew: now they're swim· dustrial corporation in the world. of the government, revealed a "gestapo mentality." ming against Watergate stream. The majority of the U.S. population Nixon had tried to soften the impact of the disclosure of the plan no longer doubts that Nixon is guilty, by claiming that it was never put into effect. Last week, The Militant investigation in the weeks after the and would probably be happy to see reported on facts in the New York Times, the New York Daily News, Watergate bugging ... as a potential him go. But the ruling class is pain­ and Jack Anderson's syndicated column that exposed Nixon's claim political bombshell and not as a fully aware of what damage such a legitimate matter of national secu­ move would do to the government. as a lie. rity ...." However, as doubts grow about Additional facts have now surfaced to corroborate this. The June 11 With each expansion of the credi­ Nixon's ability to ride out the storm, Newsweek quotes "high Administration officials" as admitting that "bur­ bility chasm between Nixon and the some are concluding that removing glaries were committed in connection with the Seattle Seven, Chicago U.S. public, the small but growing him, however costly, will be cheaper Weatherpeople, Detroit Thirteen and Berrigan cases." There are also group of influential figures calling for in the long run. As Clifford says, allegations that "Administration operatives broke into the Brookings his impeachment or resignation gains "The damage done to the Nixon Ad­ new strength. ministration is irreparable." Institution, a ... Washington think tank. ... " On June 3, liberal Republican Rep­ In his call for Nixon's resignation, The FBI is also investigating whether E. Howard Hunt und G. Gordon resentative Paul McCloskey, who op­ entitled "A Government of National Liddy broke into the New York offices of the NAACP Legal Defense posed Nixon for the GOP presidential Unity," Clifford insists that the inter­ Fund a few days after the burglary of the office of Daniel Ellsberg's nomination in 1972, announced he ests of the capitalist system as a whole psychiatrist. would discuss impeachment on the be placed ahead of Nixon's personal

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