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A Synopsis of Byzantine History, –
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-40474-8 - John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057 John Wortley Frontmatter More information JOHN SKYLITZES: A synopsis of Byzantine history, – John Skylitzes’ extraordinary Middle Byzantine chronicle covers the reigns of the Byzantine emperors from the death of Nicephorus I in to the deposition of Michael VI in , and provides the only surviving continuous narrative of the late tenth and early eleventh centuries. A high offi cial living in the late eleventh century, Skylitzes used a number of existing Greek histories (some of them no longer extant) to create a digest of the previous three centuries. It is with- out question the major historical source for the period, cited con- stantly in modern scholarship, and has never before been available in English. Th is edition features introductions by Jean-Claude Cheynet and Bernard Flusin, along with extensive notes by Cheynet. It will be an essential and exciting addition to the libraries of all historians of the Byzantine age. is Professor of History Emeritus at the University of Manitoba. He has published widely on the Byzantine era, and completed several translations to date, including Les Récits édifi - ants de Paul, évêque de Monembasie, et d’autres auteurs (), Th e ‘Spiritual Meadow’ of John Moschos, including the additional tales edited by Nissen and Mioni (), Th e spiritually benefi cial tales of Paul, Bishop of Monembasia and of other authors () and John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Histories (AD –) , a provisional transla- tion published -
Social Change in Eleventh-Century Armenia: the Evidence from Tarōn Tim Greenwood (University of St Andrews)
Social Change in Eleventh-Century Armenia: the evidence from Tarōn Tim Greenwood (University of St Andrews) The social history of tenth and eleventh-century Armenia has attracted little in the way of sustained research or scholarly analysis. Quite why this should be so is impossible to answer with any degree of confidence, for as shall be demonstrated below, it is not for want of contemporary sources. It may perhaps be linked to the formative phase of modern Armenian historical scholarship, in the second half of the nineteenth century, and its dominant mode of romantic nationalism. The accounts of political capitulation by Armenian kings and princes and consequent annexation of their territories by a resurgent Byzantium sat very uncomfortably with the prevailing political aspirations of the time which were validated through an imagined Armenian past centred on an independent Armenian polity and a united Armenian Church under the leadership of the Catholicos. Finding members of the Armenian elite voluntarily giving up their ancestral domains in exchange for status and territories in Byzantium did not advance the campaign for Armenian self-determination. It is also possible that the descriptions of widespread devastation suffered across many districts and regions of central and western Armenia at the hands of Seljuk forces in the eleventh century became simply too raw, too close to the lived experience and collective trauma of Armenians in these same districts at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries, to warrant -
Byzantine Conquests in the East in the 10 Century
th Byzantine conquests in the East in the 10 century Campaigns of Nikephoros II Phocas and John Tzimiskes as were seen in the Byzantine sources Master thesis Filip Schneider s1006649 15. 6. 2018 Eternal Rome Supervisor: Prof. dr. Maaike van Berkel Master's programme in History Radboud Univerity Front page: Emperor Nikephoros II Phocas entering Constantinople in 963, an illustration from the Madrid Skylitzes. The illuminated manuscript of the work of John Skylitzes was created in the 12th century Sicily. Today it is located in the National Library of Spain in Madrid. Table of contents Introduction 5 Chapter 1 - Byzantine-Arab relations until 963 7 Byzantine-Arab relations in the pre-Islamic era 7 The advance of Islam 8 The Abbasid Caliphate 9 Byzantine Empire under the Macedonian dynasty 10 The development of Byzantine Empire under Macedonian dynasty 11 The land aristocracy 12 The Muslim world in the 9th and 10th century 14 The Hamdamids 15 The Fatimid Caliphate 16 Chapter 2 - Historiography 17 Leo the Deacon 18 Historiography in the Macedonian period 18 Leo the Deacon - biography 19 The History 21 John Skylitzes 24 11th century Byzantium 24 Historiography after Basil II 25 John Skylitzes - biography 26 Synopsis of Histories 27 Chapter 3 - Nikephoros II Phocas 29 Domestikos Nikephoros Phocas and the conquest of Crete 29 Conquest of Aleppo 31 Emperor Nikephoros II Phocas and conquest of Cilicia 33 Conquest of Cyprus 34 Bulgarian question 36 Campaign in Syria 37 Conquest of Antioch 39 Conclusion 40 Chapter 4 - John Tzimiskes 42 Bulgarian problem 42 Campaign in the East 43 A Crusade in the Holy Land? 45 The reasons behind Tzimiskes' eastern campaign 47 Conclusion 49 Conclusion 49 Bibliography 51 Introduction In the 10th century, the Byzantine Empire was ruled by emperors coming from the Macedonian dynasty. -
9781107404748 Index.Pdf
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-40474-8 - John Skylitzes: A Synopsis of Byzantine History, 811–1057 John Wortley Index More information Index Aaron, brother-in-law of Isaac I Komnenos , A n a t o l i a , Aaron, son of John Vladisthlav , A n a t o l i k o n , , , , , , , , , , , , A b e l b a k e s , , , , , , , , , , , A b o u l c h a r e , , , , , , , A b o u z a c h a r , Andrew the Scyth , A b r a m , , , Andrew the stratelates , , A b r a m i t e s , m o n a s t e r y o f t h e , A n d r o n i k o s D o u k a s , , A b u H a f s , , , , A n e m a s , , , A b y d o s , , , , , , , , , , A n i , , , , , , , , , , , A n n a , s i s t e r o f B a s i l I I , x i , x x x i , , , , , A d r i a n , , , , , , , , , , , A d r i a n o p l e , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , A n t h e m i o s , m o n a s t e r y a t , , , , Anthony Kauleas, patriarch , , A e t i o s , Anthony the Stoudite, patriarch , A f r i c a , , , , , , , , , , A n t i g o n u s , d o m e s t i c o f t h e s c h o l a i , , , , , A n t i g o n o s , s o n o f B a r d a s , , A g r o s , m o n a s t e r y , A n z e s , , A i k a t e r i n a d a u g h t e r o f V l a d i s t h l a v , Aplesphares, ruler of Tivion -
Siege Warfare, Nikephoros Ii Phokas, Relics and Personal Piety
SIEGE WARFARE, NIKEPHOROS II PHOKAS, RELICS AND PERSONAL PIETY Denis F. Sullivan1 A useful survey of the relationship between relics and Byzantine emperors has been provided by Sophia Mergiali-Sahas,2 who exam- ines the topic through such categories as “political advantage,” “diplo- macy,” and “military life.” One emperor not mentioned in her survey is Nikephoros II Phokas (963–69). It is my intent here to examine Phokas’ use of relics in his roles as military leader and emperor par- ticularly with regard to political advantage and military life, but also with a view to personal religious conviction. Specifically I will look at a homily on Phokas’ translation of the keramion or Holy Tile3 as a primary example of the depiction of his attitude toward such holy objects. The paper will then compare the actions of Phokas with those of a predecessor, Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos, and Phokas’ suc- cessor, John Tzimiskes. The Relics Skylitzes records that in 963, before his accession, Phokas celebrated a triumph in the Hippodrome with the spoils from his victories in Crete and at Berroia. Skylitzes adds: “He also brought a portion of the rai- ment of John the Baptist that he had found laid up in Berroia.”4 Mark Whittow has commented that Phokas “was evidently determined that unlike John Kourkouas and the mandylion in 944, the credit for this relic should not be hijacked by anyone else.”5 Kourkouas commanded 1 This paper is offered to Alice-Mary Talbot with profound gratitude for the oppor- tunity over many years to participate in her Greek Reading Group at Dumbarton Oaks and especially to collaborate in the translation of Leo the Deacon from which this paper originated. -
The Byzantine State and the Dynatoi
The Byzantine State and the Dynatoi A struggle for supremacy 867 - 1071 J.J.P. Vrijaldenhoven S0921084 Van Speijkstraat 76-II 2518 GE ’s Gravenhage Tel.: 0628204223 E-mail: [email protected] Master Thesis Europe 1000 - 1800 Prof. Dr. P. Stephenson and Prof. Dr. P.C.M. Hoppenbrouwers History University of Leiden 30-07-2014 CONTENTS GLOSSARY 2 INTRODUCTION 6 CHAPTER 1 THE FIRST STRUGGLE OF THE DYNATOI AND THE STATE 867 – 959 16 STATE 18 Novel (A) of Leo VI 894 – 912 18 Novels (B and C) of Romanos I Lekapenos 922/928 and 934 19 Novels (D, E and G) of Constantine VII Porphyrogenetos 947 - 959 22 CHURCH 24 ARISTOCRACY 27 CONCLUSION 30 CHAPTER 2 LAND OWNERSHIP IN THE PERIOD OF THE WARRIOR EMPERORS 959 - 1025 32 STATE 34 Novel (F) of Romanos II 959 – 963. 34 Novels (H, J, K, L and M) of Nikephoros II Phokas 963 – 969. 34 Novels (N and O) of Basil II 988 – 996 37 CHURCH 42 ARISTOCRACY 45 CONCLUSION 49 CHAPTER 3 THE CHANGING STATE AND THE DYNATOI 1025 – 1071 51 STATE 53 CHURCH 60 ARISTOCRACY 64 Land register of Thebes 65 CONCLUSION 68 CONCLUSION 70 APPENDIX I BYZANTINE EMPERORS 867 - 1081 76 APPENDIX II MAPS 77 BIBLIOGRAPHY 82 1 Glossary Aerikon A judicial fine later changed into a cash payment. Allelengyon Collective responsibility of a tax unit to pay each other’s taxes. Anagraphis / Anagrapheus Fiscal official, or imperial tax assessor, who held a role similar as the epoptes. Their major function was the revision of the tax cadastre. It is implied that they measured land and on imperial order could confiscate lands. -
The Schools from Bardas to Constantine Porphyrogennetos
ChapterXI The Schoolsfrom Bardas to ConstantinePorphyrogennetos After those great figures of learning, Photios and Arethas, who, paradoxically, have not enlightened us about their own training or the educational institutions of their day, we must come back to these institutions and try other ways of penetrating their secrets. Doubt less it is no accident that our evidence, as we shall see, relates particularly to the time of Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos. However, in the process it sheds light indirectly on the preceding half century and, to make our starting-point clear, it is a help if we go back briefly. Let us recall then that Leo the Mathematician, born probably in the last decade of the eighth century, could receive a "secondary" education, that is, in grammar and poetry, in Constantinople, but did not find any teacher there who was capable of taking him further. A self-taught man and a traveller, he returned to the capital to give private lessons for many years, and then, on the initiative of Theoktistos, to give public instruction paid for by the State, in the period prior to his nomination to the metropolitan see of Thessalonica ( 840) • Finally, at a date not known, but close to 855, 1 Bardas set him at the head of the "Philosophy School" which he was founding at the Magnaura with the four chairs of philosophy, grammar, geometry and astronomy. Some thirty years later the career of Constantine the Philosopher showed significant similarities and differences. Born in 827 in Thessalonica, Constantine was not able to obtain any education there beyond that provided by the elementary teacher, the gzea,,,nati.s tss. -
Περίληψη : a Family in Asia Minor, Known Since the 9Th Century
IΔΡΥΜA ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ Συγγραφή : Krsmanović Bojana Μετάφραση : Χρυσανθόπουλος Δημήτριος Για παραπομπή : Krsmanović Bojana , "Maleinos Family ", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Μ. Ασία URL: <http://www.ehw.gr/l.aspx?id=7766> Περίληψη : A family in Asia Minor, known since the 9th century. Its members held high military offices. They assumed their greatest power during the 10th century by creating family bonds with the Phokas family. At the time of Basil II, their estates were confiscated, an event which led to the political decline of the family. They lost their power completely during the 11th-12th century. Τόπος και Χρόνος Γέννησης prior to the 9th century, Charsianon, Cappadocia Τόπος και Χρόνος Θανάτου Κύρια Ιδιότητα Members of the military aristocracy 1. General The Maleinos family was one of the oldest aristocratic families of the Byzantine Empire, emerging during the 9th century from Charsianon and Cappadocia. Its members assumed high military offices and ranked at the top of the byzantine aristocracy from the beginning. During the 10th century, the Maleinos family ascended the social hierarchy by acquiring high offices and by creating family bonds with the Phokas family (beginning of the 10th century). Since that time, the Maleinos and the Phokas families constitute the core around which other aristocratic families of Asia Minor coil up in order to promote their interests. The Maleinos lineage was one of the wealthiest families of the empire. Its wealth is mentioned in the Novella of the year 996 by Basil II (976-1025), who confiscated all the estates of Eustathios Maleinos, an event with dire consequences on the wealth of the family. -
08 Antonios Vratimos.Vp
Zbornik radova Vizantolo{kog instituta HßÇH, 2012 Recueil des travaux de l’Institut d’etudes byzantines XßIX, 2012 UDC: 94:355Š(495.02)"11":929 DOI:10.2298/ZRVI1249145V ANTONIOS VRATIMOS (Yeditepe University, Istanbul) IN THE CHRONOGRAPHIA, IS MICHAEL PSELLOS’ CONCERN FOR THE ARMY ENTIRELY DISINTERESTED? The present article analyzes Psellos’ commentary on the disarray of the ByzantinearmyintheChronographia. The topic is examined in relation to the polit- ical circumstances of the time, and the author’s own particular situation. It is possi- ble to conclude that much of his commentary on the military in the Chronographia is disingenuous and is influenced by his own position and interests. Key words: Michael Psellos, Chronographia, Military, Concern for the Army, Anthony Kaldellis. Michael Psellos’ Chronographia, one of the finest works of Byzantine liter- ature, still attracts the interest of modern scholars who try to decode the elusive meanings and motivations that may lay hidden beneath the surface of the text.1 Political unrest and endless court intrigues would induce an opinion and a com- mentary conducive to his own survival. Truth, in this respect, may have been sub- jugated and commentary may have been formed by his own interests. It is true that government control changed hands many times after Basil II’s death (1025). Thus, Psellos had to write his book in a way that would not allow judgements to be made about his political beliefs. Above all, he had to convince his audience of the sincerity of his patriotism. His claim to be filorwmaioj and filopatrij, admirer of the Romans and lover of his country ‰‡6. -
Masterarbeit / Master´S Thesis
MASTERARBEIT / MASTER´S THESIS Titel der Masterarbeit / Title of the Master´s Thesis „Marriage Strategies in the Early Palaiologan Period“ verfasst von / submitted by Konstantina Gerakini angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) Wien, 2018 / Vienna 2018 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 066 869 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Masterstudium Byzantinistik und Neogräzistik degree programme as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.- Prof. Dr. Claudia Rapp TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 3 INTRODUCTION The historical frame 4 Late Byzantine aristocracy: definition and state of research 6 Methodological approach 7 The Structure of the Thesis 8 The Sources 9 I. THE ARISTOCRACY IN THE EARLY PALAIOLOGAN PERIOD I.1. The Byzantine aristocracy: definition and terminology 13 Ranks and offices in the early Palaiologan period 18 The self-consciousness of the aristocracy 21 I.2.The Palaiologan high aristocracy 23 II. MARRIAGE STRATEGIES OF THE ARISTOCRACY IN THE EARLY PALAIOLOGAN PERIOD II.1. Marriage strategies of the aristocracy from the tenth to thirteenth century 41 Marriage strategies of the military aristocracy of the tenth century 41 Marriage strategies of the aristocratic families of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The Komnenoi and the Doukai 44 Marriage strategies of the Angeloi and the Laskarids 49 II.2. Marriage strategies until 1259. The rise of the Palaiologoi 51 Marriage strategies of the Laskarids and other families of the aristocracy 57 1 II.3. Marriage strategies in the reign of Michael VIII Palaiologos (1259-1282) 62 II.4. -
The Political Opposition to Alexios I Komnenos (1081–1118)
The Political Opposition to Alexios I Komnenos (1081–1118) Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des Akademischen Grades eines Dr. phil., vorgelegt dem Fachbereich 07 Geschichts- und Kulturwissenschaften der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz von João Vicente de Medeiros Publio Dias aus São Paulo, Brasilien 2020 Dekan: 1. Gutachter: 2. Gutachter: Tag des Prüfungskolloquiums: 18. Juli 2018 Dedicado a Dai Table of Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... 1 Note on translation and transliteration .................................................................................. 2 i. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 3 i.i. Bibliographic Review ...................................................................................................... 4 i.ii Conceptual and Theoretical Issues on Political Opposition in Byzantium ...................... 7 i.iii Sources .......................................................................................................................... 18 i.iii.i Material for History of Nikephoros Bryennios .......................................................... 24 i.iii.ii The Alexiad of Anna Komnene ................................................................................. 26 i.iii.iii The Epitome Historion of Ioannes Zonaras .............................................................. 30 i.iii.iv The Chronike -
BYZANTINE ROYAL ANCESTRY Emperors, 578-1453
GRANHOLM GENEALOGY BYZANTINE ROYAL ANCESTRY Emperors, 578-1453 1 INTRODUCTION During the first half of the first century Byzantium and specifically Constantinople was the most influentional and riches capital in the world. Great buildings, such as Hagia Sophia were built during these times. Despite the distances, contacts with the Scandinavians took place, in some cases cooperation against common enemies. Vikings traded with them and served in the Emperors’ Court. Sweden’s King Karl XII took refuge there for four years after the defeat in the war against Peter the Great of Russia in Poltava. Our 6th great grandfather, “ Cornelius von Loos” was with him and made drawings of many of the famous buildings in that region. The Byzantine lineages to us are shown starting fr o m different ancestors. There are many royals to whom we have a direct ancestral relationship and others who are distant cousins. These give an interesting picture of the history from those times. Wars took place among others with the Persians, which are also described in the book about our Persian Royal Ancestry. Additional text for many persons is highlighted in the following lists. This story begins with Emperor Tiberius II, (47th great grandfather) born in 520 and ends with the death of Emperor Constantine XI (15th cousin, 17 times removed) in battle in 1453. His death marked the final end of the Roman Empire, which had continued in the East for just under one thousand years after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. No relations to us, the initial Emperor of the Byzantine was Justin I , born a peasant and a swineherd by initial occupation, reigned 518 to 527.