CODE SOURCE STATE L& L85=Leviton et al. 1985 CODES [v.7.1] INSTITUTION, CITY. ANNOTATIONS (or close COUNTRY L85 F&E G L&G=Leviton & Gibbs 1988 equivalent) F&E=Fricke & Eschmeyer 2010 Natural Sciences Museum of Albania, Tirana. Note: affiliated with the MNST Albania Lazar et al. 2008 University of Tirana. Current as: MNST (herps). faculté des Sciences Biologiques (FSB), Université des sciences et de la technologie Houari-Boumediene (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar. Also known as: FSB/HAL Algeria Hemida et al. 2009 University of Bab Ezzouar. Current as: FSB/HAL (fishes). See also: ZAR (fossils). fossils from Zarzaïtine Series deposited at Musée de la Faculté des Sciences de la Terre de la Géographie et de l’Aménagement du Territoire (FSTGAT), ZAR Algeria Dahoumane et al. 2016 Université des sciences et de la technologie Houari-Boumediene (USTHB), Bab Ezzouar. See also: FSB/HAL (fishes). American JPHM Jean P. Haydon Museum, Pago Pago. L&G Samoa Kearny et al. 2008, Marques et IICA See ISCED. Huíla Angola al. 2018 Instituto Superior de Ciências de Educação da Huíla (ISCED-Huíla), Lubango Monteiro et al. 2014, Marques ISCED [ex Sá da Bandeira]. Also known as: Lubango Museum. Includes: Huíla Angola et al. 2018 collections of Instituto de Investigação Científica de Angola (IICA). Instituto Nacional da Biodiversidade e Áreas de Conservação, Ministério do Ceríaco et al. 2016b, Ceríaco et INBAC Luanda Angola Ambiente de Angola, Kilamba Kiaxi, Luanda. Current as: INBAC (herps). al. 2018, Marques et al. 2018 Museu Nacional de História Natural, Luanda [ex São Paulo da Assunção de Loanda]. Note: descended from Angolan Museum founded in 1938 and Ceríaco et al. 2014, Marques et MNHNL Luanda Angola established in São Miguel Fort in Luanda Bay area. Current as: MNHNL/ANF al. 2018 (amphibians), MNHNL/Rep (reptiles). Museu Regional do Dundo, Dundo, Chitato. Also known as: Museu do Ferraris 2007, Rich et al. 2017, MD Dundo, Laboratório de Biologia do Museu do Dundo, Dundo Museum. Lunda Norte Angola L85 F&E Marques et al. 2018, Luis Current as: MD. Ceríaco pers. comm. 2019 Asociación Ictiológica, La Plata. Note: collection separate from, but in same AI Buenos Aires Argentina F&E Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2011, 2013 building as MLP. Current as: AI (fishes). Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Iológicas, Buenos Aires. Also as: Cabrera & Colantonio Coleccion Herpetologica, Instituto Nacional de Microbiología "Gustav G. 2001:115, Kolenc et al. CENAI Malbrán" (CENAI/CHINM, INM, IINM). Note: "Iológicas" correct, derived Buenos Aires Argentina 2011:514, Céspedez 2003, from Greek word for venom; institution founded by Avelino Barrio; closed in Francisco Kolenc pers. comm. 1979, herps (including types) transferred to MACN. 2012 CENAI/CHINM See CENAI. Buenos Aires Argentina Avila et al. 2013 Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Colección, Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires. Includes: fish collection formerly at Instituto de Céspedez 2003, Brancolini et al. Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet", La Plata (ILPLA, ILLPA). Note: older CFA 2014, Sergio Bogan pers. CFA Buenos Aires Argentina collections assembled by Julio Rafael Contreras for Programa de Biología comm. 2016, 2017, Bogan & Básica, Corrientes, transferred to MACN and re-numbered. Current as: CFA- Giacchino 2016 IC (fishes), CFA-AN (amphibians), CFA-RE (reptiles). HB See MACN. Buenos Aires Argentina Bornschein et al. 2015 Instituto Antártico Argentino, Museo Antártico de la Fundación Marambio, IAA Buenos Aires Argentina F&E Buenos Aires. IINM See CENAI. Buenos Aires Argentina Reynolds et al. 2007 INM See CENAI. Buenos Aires Argentina Wallach et al. 2014 Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales "Lorenzo Scaglia", Mar del Plata. MMP Buenos Aires Argentina López-Arbarello & Sferco 2018 Current as: MMP (fossils). UNLP See MLP. Buenos Aires Argentina Böhme 2010 CHMLPA See MLP. Buenos Aires Argentina Gudynas et al. 1988:7 Vertebrate Collection, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad FCEN Buenos Aires Argentina Baez & Nicoli 2004 de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires. Current as: FCEN-V (herps). Díaz de Astarloa 1996, Juan M. IBMC See INIDEP. Buenos Aires Argentina L85 Díaz de Astarloa pers. comm. 2012 IIMyC See UNMdP. Buenos Aires Argentina Vega et al. 2018 ILLPA See CFA. Buenos Aires Argentina Gudynas et al. 1988:7 ILPLA See CFA. Buenos Aires Argentina L85 F&E Brancolini et al. 2014 ILPLA See MLP. Buenos Aires Argentina Reynolds et al. 2007 Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero, Mar del Plata. Díaz de Astarloa 1996, pers. INIDEP Buenos Aires Argentina F&E Formerly: Instituto de Biología Marina (IBMC) until 1977. comm. 2012 Tablado 2002, Azpelicueta & Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Buenos Cione 2011, Cabrera & Aires. Formerly: Museo Nacional de Argentina; Museo Nacional de Buenos Colantonio 2001:115, Kolenc et Aires (MNBA). Includes: herpetological collections from Centro de Ecología al. 2011:514, Céspedez 2003, aplicada del Litoral (HB) and Instituto Nacional de Microbiología "Carlos G. Avila et al. 2013; Brancolini et MACN Malbrán" (CENAI/CHINM, INM, IINM); collection assembled by Julio Rafael Buenos Aires Argentina L85 F&E al. 2014, Pires et al. 2014, Contreras for Programa de Biología Básica, Corrientes (now CFA); Colección Gustavo E. Chiaramonte pers. Carlos Grisolía (CCG). Obsolete as: SHNBA. Current as: MACN-Ict (fishes, comm. 2015, Sergio Bogan Colección Nacional de Ictiología), MACN-He (herps, Colección Nacional de pers. comm. 2016, Herpetología); MACN-Pv (fossils, Colección Nacional de Paleovertebrados). Chiaramonte et al. 2016 Museo de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (FCNyM), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata. Also known as: Museo de Ciencias Naturales de La Plata (CHMLPA). Formerly: Museo Antropológico y Ferraris 2007, Ferraro & Arqueológico de Buenos Aires based on collections donated by Francisco Williams 2006, Bogan & Agnolin Pascasio Moreno. Note: fish collection in same building but separate from 2009, Diego Baldo pers. comm. MLP Asociación Ictiológica (AI) collection. In error as: ILPLA (herps). Obsolete Buenos Aires Argentina L85 F&E 2012, Wallach et al. 2014, as: MLPA. Current as: MLP (fishes; fossils, División Paleontología de Miquelarena & Nadalin 2014, Vertebrados) MLP A (amphibians), MLP R (reptiles, for catalog numbers >= Bornschein et al. 2015, López et 5000), MLP S. & MLP JW. (lizards & snakes, respectively, for catalog al. 2016 numbers <5000), MLP DB (Diego Baldo personal herp collection). Also as: UNLP (amphibians). MLPA See MLP. Buenos Aires Argentina Wallach et al. 2014 MNBA See MACN. Buenos Aires Argentina Wallach et al. 2014 SHNBA See MACN. Buenos Aires Argentina Wallach et al. 2014 UBA See FCEN. Buenos Aires Argentina Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Laboratorio Vertebrados, Colección Herpetológica, Mar del Plata. UNMdP Buenos Aires Argentina Vega et al. 2018 Note: includes Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC). Current as: UNMdP (herps). Facultad Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Luis Fernández pers. comm. FACEN Catamarca. Includes: fish collection formerly known as UNCa. Current as: Catamarca Argentina 2015, Fernández & Andreoli FACEN (fishes). Bize 2015 UNCa See FACEN. Catamarca Argentina Fernández & Vari 2012 Museo de Ciencias naturales "Augusto Gustavo Schulz". Note: reported in M. Azpelicueta pers. comm. MCNCH Chaco Argentina F&E 2016 as closed. 2016 Centro Nacional Patagónico, Puerto Madryn. Note: exclusive unit of Consejo Azpelicueta & Cione 2011, Nacional de Investigaciones Cienctíficas y Tecnológicas (CONICET). CENPAT Chubut Argentina Luciano Javier Avila pers. Obsolete as: CH-CNP (herps). Current as: CENPAT (fossil fishes), CNP-A comm. 2015 (amphibians) and CNP-P (fishes). See also: LJAMM-CNP (reptiles). CH-CNP See CENPAT. Chubut Argentina Cei & Scolaro 1982 CH-JAS See JAS-DC. Chubut Argentina Cei et al. 2003 Luciano Javier Avila pers. CNP See CENPAT. Chubut Argentina comm. 2015 José A. Scolaro Diagnostic Collection (herps). Current as: JAS-DC (herps). JAS-DC Chubut Argentina Cei et al. 2003, Lobo et al. 2012 Also as: CH-JAS (Colección Herpetológica de José A. Scolaro). Colección Herpetológica, Luciano Javier Avila Mariana Morando, Centro Avila et al. 2010, Avila et al. Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT), Puerto Madryn. Current as: LJAMM-CNP 2013, Mariana Morando pers. LJAMM-CNP Chubut Argentina (reptiles, collection began in 1998, donated to CENPAT in 2009). See also: comm. 2013, Luciano Javier CENPAT. Avila pers. comm. 2015 Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew. Current as: MPEF-PV (paleo MPEF Chubut Argentina Azpelicueta & Cione 2011 vertebrates) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Chubut Province. UNPSJB Note: created in 1980 as merger of Universidad de San Juan Bosco and Chubut Argentina Agnolin et al. 2010 Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia. Current as: UNPSJB (fossils). CZA See MZUC. Córdoba Argentina Carrasco et al. 2019 DCN-UNRC See UNRC-ZV. Córdoba Argentina Frost 2016 Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Maneyro et al. 2008, Carrasco MZUC Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba. Current as: MZUC. Also as: Córdoba Argentina et al. 2019 CZA (Centro de Zoología Aplicada; herps). UNRC-DCN-ZV See UNRC-ZV. Córdoba Argentina Avila & Martori 1991 Colección Herpetológica de Zoología Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Avila et al. 2010, Céspedez UNRC-ZV Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba. Obsolete as: DCN- Córdoba Argentina 2003, Avila et al. 2013 UNRC, ZVUNRC, UNRC-DCN-ZV. Current as: UNRC-ZV. ZVUNRC See UNRC-ZV. Córdoba Argentina Céspedez 2003 CIPBV Centro de Investigaciones Pesqueras "Bella Vista", Bella Vista. Corrientes Argentina F&E Iriart 1979 Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cienctíficas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Litoral, INALI Corrientes Argentina F&E Santo Tomé. Note: fish collection transferred to Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales "Florentino Ameghino", Santa Fé (MFA). See also: MFA. Avila et al. 2010, Céspedez UNNE See UNNEC. Corrientes Argentina 2003, Avila et al. 2013 Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Céspedez 2003, Prudente & UNNEC y Agrimensura (FaCENA), La Colección Herpetológica "Lic. Blanca Beatriz Corrientes Argentina Passos 2008, Cacciali et al. 2016 Alvarez", Corrientes. Obsolete as: UNNE. Current as: UNNEC (herps). Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia a la Producción, Cioné et al. 2009:350, CICYTTP Entre Ríos Argentina Diamante. Current as: CICYTTP-PV-P (fossil fishes). Azpelicueta & Cione 2016 Museo de Ciencias Naturales y Antropológicas "Prof. Antonio Serrano", MER Entre Ríos Argentina Cabrera & Colantonio 2001:115 Paraná. Relevamiento de Vertebrados de La Pampa, Museo Provincial de Historia Avila et al. 2010, Avila et al. RVP La Pampa Argentina Natural, Santa Rosa Formerly: Museo Regional Pampeano until 1992. 2013 CH-IADIZA See IADIZA. Mendoza Argentina Cei et al. 2003 Instituto Argentino de Investigación de Zonas Árides (CCT-Mendoza- IADIZA CONICET), Mendoza. Current as: IADIZA. Also as: CH-IADIZA, IADIZA-CH Mendoza Argentina F&E Cei et al. 2003, Avila et al. 2013 (Colección Herpetológica) IADIZA-CH See IADIZA. Mendoza Argentina Avila et al. 2013 IBA See IBAUNC. Mendoza Argentina F&E Vega et al. 2018 IBA-UNC See IBAUNC. Mendoza Argentina Cei et al. 2003, Avila et al. 2013 Instituto de Biología Animal, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza. IBAUNC Mendoza Argentina L85 F&E Cei et al. 2003, Avila et al. 2013 Current as: IBAUNC (herps). Also as: IBA, IBA-UNC (herps) Cei et al. 2003, Avila et al. JMC-DC José Miguel Cei Diagnostic Collection, San Luis. Current as: JMC-DC (herps). Mendoza Argentina 2010, Avila et al. 2013 Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis. López-Arbarello, 2012, López- MHIN-UNSL-GEO Mendoza Argentina Current as: MHIN-UNSL-GEO (fossils). Arbarello & Sferco 2018 Cei et al. 2003, Avila et al. MHN See MHNSR. Mendoza Argentina 2010, Avila et al. 2013 Museo Municipal de Historia Natural de San Rafael, San Rafael. Current as: Wallach et al. 2014, Abdala et MHNSR Mendoza Argentina MHNSR. Also as: MHN, MMHN-SR, MHNSRMza. al. 2016 MHNSRMza See MHNSR. Mendoza Argentina Cacciali et al. 2016 MMHN-SR See MHNSR. Mendoza Argentina Cei et al. 2003 MNHSR See MHNSR. Mendoza Argentina Wallach et al. 2014 Maneyro et al. 2008, Diego Colección Herpetológica de la Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas. CHUNAM Misiones Argentina Baldo pers. comm. 2012, See also: LGE. Bornschein et al. 2015 Vivario del Museo de Ciencias Naturales e Históricas del Instituto Ruiz de IARM Misiones Argentina Cabrera & Colantonio 2001:115 Montoya, Posadas. Kolenc et al. 2011:514, Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical, Francisco Kolenc pers. comm. LGE Misiones Argentina Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas. See also: CHUNAM. 2012, Diego Baldo pers. comm. 2012 Coria & Calvo 2002, Gianechini MCF-PVPH Museo "Carmen Funes", Plaza Huincul. Current as: MCF-PVPH (fossils). Neuquén Argentina et al. 2018 Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales Prof. Dr. Juan A. Olsacher, Zapala. Cadena & Joyce 2015, Fischer MOZ Neuquén Argentina Current as: MOZ (fossils). Also as: MOZP. et al. 2016 MOZP See MOZ. Neuquén Argentina Cadena et al. 2013 Coria & Calvo 2002, Gallo et al. MUCPv See UNCo. Neuquén Argentina 2011, Gianechini et al. 2018 Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquén. Current as: UNCo-PH Brusatte et al. 2012, Lobo et al. UNCo (Programa de Herpetología), MUCPv (fossils, Museo de Geología y Neuquén Argentina 2012, Gianechini et al. 2018 Paleontología). Museo Naturalístico, Antropológico e Histórico "Jorge Gerhold", Ingeniero CIC Río Negro Argentina Azpelicueta & Cione 2011 Jacobacci. Museo Municipal de Lamarque, Lamarque. Also known as: Museo Wallach et al. 2014, Gianechini MML Paleontológico de Lamarque. Current as: MML (fossils). Also as: MML-PV Río Negro Argentina et al. 2018 (fossils). Museo Paleontológico de la Asociación Palentológica Bariloche, San Carlos de MPBAR Río Negro Argentina Azpelicueta & Cione 2011 Bariloche. Museo provincial de Cipolletti "Carlos Ameghino", Cipolletti. Current as: Wallach et al. 2014, Caldwell et MPCA Río Negro Argentina MPCA-PV (fossils). al. 2015, Gianechini et al. 2018 Museo Patagónico de Ciencias Naturales "Juan Carlos Salgado", General MPCN Río Negro Argentina Gianechini et al. 2018 Roca. Current as: MPCN (fossils). CNS-V See MCN-UNSa. Salta Argentina Malabarba et al. 2014 Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA, Rosario de Lerma. Note: established in 2009 as scientific research unit of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Alonso et al. 2018, Vega et al. IBIGEO Salta Argentina Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa). 2018 Current as: IBIGEO-I (fishes), IBIGEO-R (reptiles). MCMI See MCN-UNSa. Salta Argentina Fernández & Vari 2009:195 Robert Espinoza pers. comm. MCN See MCN-UNSa. Salta Argentina 2012, Vega et al. 2018 Robert Espinoza pers. comm. Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta. In error 2012, Fernando Lobo pers. MCN-UNSa as: MCMI. Obsolete as: MCN. Current as: MCNI (fishes), MCN-UNSa Salta Argentina comm. 2012, Lobo et al. 2012, (herps, although MCN used on specimen tags), CNS-V (fossils). Valdecantos et al. 2012, Fernández & Vari 2012 Fernández & Bechara 2010, Robert Espinoza pers. comm. MCNI See MCN-UNSa. Salta Argentina F&E 2012, Fernando Lobo pers. comm. 2012 IMCN-UNSJ See UNSJ. San Juan Argentina Avila et al. 2013 PVSJ See UNSJ. San Juan Argentina Delsate & Ezcurra 2014 Universidad Nacional de San Juan, San Juan. Includes: Instituto y Museo de UNSJ Ciencias Naturales (IMCN). Current as: UNSJ (herps). Also as: IMCN-UNSJ San Juan Argentina Vega et al. 2018 (herps), PVSJ (fossils, División de Paleontología de Vertebrados). Museo Regional Provincial "Padre Jesus Molina", Río Gallegos. Current as: MPM Santa Cruz Argentina Agnolin et al. 2010 MPM (fossils). Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales "Florentino Ameghino", Santa Fé. Avila et al. 2013, Cardoso et al. Includes: fish collection from Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET, MFA Santa Fé Argentina F&E 2016, Bornschein et al. 2015, Universidad Nacional de Litoral (UNL). Current as: MFA-ZV-I (fishes), MFA- Pautasso & Virasoro 2016 ZV-H (herps). MFA-ZV See MFA. Santa Fé Argentina F&E Maneyro et al. 2008 UNL See MFA. Santa Fé Argentina Pautasso & Virasoro 2016 IAV Instituto de Animales Venenosas "Dr. Jorge W. Ábalos", Santiago del Estero. Santiago del Estero Argentina Wallach et al. 2014 CI-FML See FML. Tucumán Argentina F&E Fundación Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucumán. Obsolete as: IML (fishes). Ferraris 2007, Brusatte et al. FML Current as: FML (fishes & herps), PVL (fossils, Paleontología de Tucumán Argentina L85 F&E 2012, Robert Espinoza pers. Vertebrados). Also as: CI-FML (fishes). comm. 2012 IML See FML. Tucumán Argentina Ringuelet et al. 1967 Bogan & Agnolin 2009, PVL See FML. Tucumán Argentina Azpelicueta & Cione 2011 Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan [Erevan]. Formerly: Armenian Branch of USSR Academy of Sciences from 1943–1993. Note: Institute of Zoology and AFAN Armenia Mlíkovský et al. 2011 Institute of Hydroecology and Ichthyology merged into Center of Zoology and Hydroecology (SCZH) founded in 2006. Obsolete as: ZIA (Zoological Institute). Also as: IZAY (beetles). IZAY See AFAN. Armenia Kalashian 2014 ZIA See AFAN. Armenia L85 Australian National University, Canberra. Includes: Gauba Collection and Mark-Kurik & Young 2003, Australian Capital ANU fossils from Commonwealth Paleontological Collection (CPC). Current as: Australia L85 Wallach et al. 2014, Young et Territory ANU V (paleo). al. 2014 Australian National Wildlife Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Australian Capital ANWC Australia L85 Ross 1984 Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Canberra. Territory Australian Capital Mark-Kurik & Young 2003, CPC See ANU. Australia Territory Borgen & Nakrem 2016 Australian Capital GAUBA See ANU. Australia L85 Territory AM See AMS. New South Wales Australia Schleip & O'Shea 2010 AMF See AMS. New South Wales Australia Sobbe et al. 2013 Australian Museum, Sydney. Formerly: Colonial Museum Sydney (1827- 1836). Includes: fish types and herps from Macleay Museum, University of McGrouther 2006, Wallach et al. AMS New South Wales Australia L85 F&E Sydney (MAMU, MMS, MMUS, MU). Obsolete as: AM, A.M. Current as: AMS 2014 (fishes & herps), AMF (paleo). Private collection of Richard Wells, Katoomba. Also known as: Australian AZM New South Wales Australia Frost 2016 Zoological Museum. GNHNA Gallery of Natural History and Native Art, Medlow Bath. New South Wales Australia F&E GSNSW Fossil collection of the Geological Survey of New South Wales, Maitland. New South Wales Australia Atlas of Living Australia 2016 Macleay Museum, University of Sydney, Sydney. Note: fish type specimens Wallach et al. 2014, Murphy & MAMU and herps transferred to AMS. Current as: MAMU. Also as: MMS, MMUS, New South Wales Australia L85 F&E Voris 2014 MU. MLS See CSIRO. New South Wales Australia F&E MMS See MAMU. New South Wales Australia Wallach et al. 2014 MMUS See MAMU. New South Wales Australia F&E MQU Macquarie University, Department of Biological Sciences, North Ryde. New South Wales Australia L85 MU See MAMU. New South Wales Australia F&E NEW University of Newcastle, Newcastle. New South Wales Australia L85 WOLL University of Wollongong, Wollongong. New South Wales Australia L85 AZRI See NTM. Northern Territory Australia Ellis et al. 2017 CAM See NTM A/S. Northern Territory Australia L85 F&E CAWC See NTM A/S. Northern Territory Australia Storr 1986 Murphy & Voris 2014, OZCAM MAGNT See NTM. Northern Territory Australia 2016 NT See NTM. Northern Territory Australia VertNet 2016 NTI Animal Industry Branch, Northern Territory Administration, Alice Springs. Northern Territory Australia Wallach et al. 2014 Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, Darwin. Formerly: Northern Territory Museum of Arts & Sciences. Includes: fluid collections of Polgar et al. 2013, Larson et al. NTM Museum of Central Australia (NTM A/S) and Arid Zone Research Institute Northern Territory Australia L85 F&E 2013, G. Dally pers. comm. (AZRI), Alice Springs. Current as: NTM (fishes & herps). Also as: NT, 2016 MAGNT. Museum of Central Australia, Alice Springs. Includes: collections of Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory (CAWC). Note: fluid Rankin & Gillam 1979, Storr NTM A/S collections transferred to and re-cataloged at Museums and Art Galleries of Northern Territory Australia 1984, Wallach et al. 2014 the Northern Territory (NMT), Darwin. Also as: CAM (fishes), NTM-A/S (herps). Queensland Amateur Fishing Clubs Association, Inc. Formerly: Amateur AFAQ Fisheries Association of Queensland. Note: most specimens transferred to Queensland Australia F&E Kottelat 2013 Queensland Museum (QM) Australian Age of Dinosaurs Fossil Museum of Natural History, Winton. AOD Queensland Australia Agnolin et al. 2010 Current as: AOD F (fossils). DHMB See QM. Queensland Australia L85 F&E Kottelat 2013 Fisheries Branch, Department of Primary Industries & Fisheries Queensland, FBQ Queensland Australia F&E Brisbane. GRIF Griffith University, Brisbane. Queensland Australia L85 GSQ Fossil collection of the Geological Survey of Queensland. Queensland Australia Atlas of Living Australia 2016 Queensland Museum, Centre for Biodiversity, Brisbane. Includes: collection from Department of Harbours & Marine, Brisbane (DHMB); specimens from QM Queensland Amateur Fishing Clubs Association (AFAQ) and Queensland Queensland Australia L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 National Parks and Wildlife Service (QP). Obsolete as: QMB. Current as: QM F (fossils), QM I (fishes), QM J (herps). Also as: QMF, QMI, QMJ. QMB See QM. Queensland Australia F&E Sobbe et al. 2013, Caldwell et QMF See QM. Queensland Australia al. 2015 QMI See QM. Queensland Australia Townsend & Kyne 2010 QMJ See QM. Queensland Australia Hoskin & Couper 2014 QP See QM. Queensland Australia L85 FLIN Flinders University, Adelaide. South Australia Australia L85 SADME South Australian Department of Mines Fossil Collection, Adelaide. South Australia Australia Atlas of Living Australia 2016 SAM See SAMA. South Australia Australia Shute et al. 2017 South Australian Museum, Adelaide. Current as: SAMA. Also as: SAM Wallach et al. 2014, VertNet SAMA South Australia Australia L85 F&E (fossils). 2016 ANFC See CSIRO. Tasmania Australia Last et al. 2014 Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation, National Research Collections Australia, Australian National Fish Collection (ANFC), Hobart. Includes: fishes from Tasmanian Fisheries Development Authority, Hoedeman 1960, Last et al. CSIRO Hobart (TFDA) added in 1985. Note: collection formerly held at CSIRO Tasmania Australia L85 F&E 2014, Alastair Graham pers. Marine Labs, Sydney (MLS), move to Hobart in 1984 and known as I.S.R. comm. 2016 Munro Ichthyological Collection from 1984–1999. Current as: CSIRO (fishes). Queen Victoria Museum & Art Gallery (QVMAG), Launceston. Obsolete as: David Maynard pers. comm. QVM Tasmania Australia L85 QVMT. Current as: QVM (fishes, herps). 2016 QVMT See QVM. Tasmania Australia F&E TFDA See CSIRO. Tasmania Australia L85 TIFC See TMH. Tasmania Australia L85 TMAG See TMH. Tasmania Australia VertNet 2016 Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart. Includes: most specimens Alastair Graham pers. comm. TMH from Tasmanian Inland Fisheries Commission, Hobart (TIFC), added in Tasmania Australia L85 F&E 2016 2000s. Also as: TMAG. UTAS University of Tasmania, Department of Geology Fossil Collection, Hobart. Tasmania Australia Atlas of Living Australia 2016 GSV Geological Survey of Victoria, Melbourne. Current as: GSV (fossils). Victoria Australia Poropat et al. 2018 MUGD See UMP. Victoria Australia Poropat et al. 2018 Department of Zoology, Monash University, Melbourne. Current as: MUZ MUZ Victoria Australia Poropat et al. 2018 (fossils). Museums Victoria, Melbourne. Also known as: Melbourne Museum. Köhler & Güsten 2007, Agnolin NMV Formerly: National Museum of Victoria. Current as: NMV (fishes, herps), Victoria Australia L85 F&E et al. 2010, Wallach et al. 2014, NMV P (fossils). Also as: NMVD (herps). Poropat et al. 2018 NMVD See NMV. Victoria Australia Melville et al. 2014 University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne. Current as: MUGD (fossils, UMP Victoria Australia L85 Poropat et al. 2018 Department of Geology and Mineralogy). CENRM See UWA. Western Australia Australia Ellis et al. 2017 Geological Survey of Western Australia, East Perth. Note: early fossil GSWA collection housed in Wesetern Australian Museum (WAM) and separated from Western Australia Australia Crespin 1964, Allen et al. 2015 WAM collection by Irene Crespin (1964). Current as: GSWA F (fossils). University of Western Australia, Crawley. Note: amphibian specimens transferred to Western Australian Museum (WAM); audio recordings of frogs UWA curated by Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, University Western Australia Australia Crespin 1964, Ellis et al. 2017 of Western Australia, Albany Campus (CENRM). Current as: UWA (fossils, Edward de Courcy Clarke Earth Science Museum). Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Perth. Includes: amphibian WAM specimens from University of Western Australia, Crawley (UWA). Current Western Australia Australia L85 F&E Ellis et al. 2017, Crespin 1964 as: WAM (fishes, herps, fossils). Also as: WAMAG (fossils). WAMAG See WAM Western Australia Australia Tapanila & Pruitt 2013 Private collection of John Dwyer. Note: reptile collector for Taronga Zoo, JD Australia Wallach et al. 2014 Sydney; status of collection unknown. MW Private collection of M. Ward (herps). Australia Wallach et al. 2014 Museum Niederösterreich [Lower Austria Museum], St. Pölten. Formerly: Niederösterreich NOLM Landesmuseum Niederösterreich [Lower Austria State Museum]. Current as: Austria Georgalis & Joyce 2017 [Lower Austria] NOLM (fossils). Oberösterreich BZL See OLL. Austria De Maddalena 2006 [Upper Austria] Biologiezentrum, Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Linz. Current as: Oberösterreich OLL Austria F&E Berning et al. 2017 OLL. Also as: BZL. [Upper Austria] HNS Haus der Natur Salzburg, Salzburg. Current as: HNS (sharks). Salzburg Austria De Maddalena 2006 LIG See UMJGP. Steiermark [Styria] Austria F&E LJG See UMJGP. Steiermark [Styria] Austria F&E LMJ See UMJGP. Steiermark [Styria] Austria OeTyp-Project 2015 LMJG See UMJGP. Steiermark [Styria] Austria Pickford & Laurent 2014 SLMJ See UMJGP. Steiermark [Styria] Austria Karl 2007 Universalmuseum Joanneum, Graz. Also known as: Styrian Provincial Museum Joanneum. Formerly: Landesmuseum Joanneum from 1811–2009. Georgalis & Joyce 2017, Martin UMJGP Steiermark [Styria] Austria Obsolete as: LIG, LJG, LMJ, LMJG, SLMJ (fossils). Current as: UMJGP Gross pers. comm. 2018 (fossils). inatura – Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn, Dornbirn. Current as: IEND IEND Vorarlberg Austria (sharks). Geologische Bundesanstalt [Geological Survey of Austria], Wien [Vienna]. GBA Wien [Vienna] Austria OeTyp-Project 2015 Obsolete as: GBW. Current as: GBA (fossils). Also as: GBAW (fossils). GBAW See GBA. Wien [Vienna] Austria Georgalis & Joyce 2017 GBW See GBA. Wien [Vienna] Austria Ferraris 2007 HNC See NMW. Wien [Vienna] Austria Wallach et al. 2014 Institut für Paläontologie, Universität Wien, Wien [Vienna]. Current as: OeTyp-Project 2015, Georgalis IPUW IPUW (fossils), UNIVIE EMRG (ichthyological collection, Department of Wien [Vienna] Austria & Joyce 2017 Palaeontology). Also as: PIUW (fossils). IZUW See ZCUV. Wien [Vienna] Austria Wallach et al. 2014 MV Musei Caesarei Vindobonensis, Wien [Vienna]. Note: no longer extant. Wien [Vienna] Austria Wallach et al. 2014 NHMV See NMW. Wien [Vienna] Austria Wallach et al. 2014 Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, NHMW See NMW. Wien [Vienna] Austria Wallach et al. 2014 Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien [Vienna]. Includes: Hof-Naturalien-Cabinet (HNC), predecessor of Naturhistorisches Museum. Obsolete as: NHMV, NMW Wien [Vienna] Austria L85 F&E NMWGP (fossils).Current as: NMW (fishes & herps), NHMW (fossils, geologisch-paläontologische Abteilung). NMWGP See NMW. Wien [Vienna] Austria Wallach et al. 2014 PIUW See IPUW. Wien [Vienna] Austria Daza et al. 2014 UNIVIE EMRG See IPUW. Wien [Vienna] Austria Marramà et al. 2018 Zoological Collection, Department für Theoretische Biologie, Universität Walter Lechner pers. comm. ZCUV Wien, Wien [Vienna]. Formerly: Institut für Zoologie. Current as: ZCUV Wien [Vienna] Austria 2017 (fishes & herps). Also as: IZUW, ZIUW. See also: IPUW. ZIUW See ZCUV. Wien [Vienna] Austria L85 Frost 2016 CBS See CBSIZA. Azerbaijan F&E Caspian Biological Station, Institute of Zoology, Azerbaijan National Academy CBSIZA Azerbaijan F&E of Sciences, Baku. Obsolete as: CBS. IZA See IZAB. Azerbaijan F&E Institute of Zoology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku. IZAB Azerbaijan F&E Obsolete as: ZIAZ, IZA. Also as: IZBA (entomology). IZBA See IZAB. Azerbaijan Mikhailov 2016 ZIAZ See IZAB. Azerbaijan F&E National Museum of the Bahamas, Antiquities, Monuments and Museums NMB Bahamas Albury et al. 2018 Corporation, Marsh Harbour, Abaco Island. Current as: NMB (fossils). BFRIRS Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Riverine Station, Moishadi. Chandpur Bangladesh F&E University of Chittagong, Chittagong. Note: separate museums in Department of Zoology (DOZ, CU), Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries (IMSF; formerly Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography from 1971 to 1983) and Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences (IFES). Ahsan et al. 2015, Ahsan & CU Chittagong Bangladesh Obsolete as: MMSF (fishes), CUZ (herps). Current as: CU preceded by Rahman 2017 catalog number (Department of Zoology, herps), IFESCU (Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, herps), IMSFCU (Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, herps). CUZ See CU. Chittagong Bangladesh Das et al. 2010 IFESCU See CU. Chittagong Bangladesh Ahsan & Rahman 2017 IMSFCU See CU. Chittagong Bangladesh Ahsan & Rahman 2017 MMSF See CU. Chittagong Bangladesh Hossain et al. 2013 Zoology Department, University of Dhaka, Dhaka [ex Dacca]. Current as: DU Dhaka Bangladesh Kullander et al. 2015 DU (fishes). Aquatic Bioresource Research Laboratory, Department of Fisheries Biology FBGN-SAU and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Sher-e-Bangla Dhaka Bangladesh Habib et al. 2018 Agricultural University, Dhaka [ex Dacca]. Current as: FBGN-SAU_F (fishes). Jahangirnagar University Herpetological Group, Zoology Department, JUHG Dhaka Bangladesh Mahony et al. 2009 Jahangirnagar University, Savar. Current as: JUHG (herps). IRSCNB See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium de Santana & Vari 2010 Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique [Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen (KBIN, KNMB), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS)], Brussels. Formerly: Musée royal d'Histoire Godefroit & Knoll 2003, Böhme IRSNB naturelle de Belgique (MRHN) [Koninklijk Natuurhistorisch Museum van Brussels Belgium L85 F&E 2010, Wallach et al. 2014, België], created in 1846. Obsolete as: IRScNB, ISBN, ISNB, ISNM, KNMB, Danny Meirte pers. comm. 2018 MRHN, RIB. Current as: IRSNB (fishes, herps & fossils). Also as: KBIN (sharks, herps, birds), RBINS (fossils). ISBN See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium F&E ISNB See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium http://www.asih.org/codons.pdf ISNM See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium F&E Roselaar 2003, De Maddalena KBIN See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium 2006, Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. 2014 KNMB See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium Wilson & Reeder 2005 MRHN See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium Torres-Carvajal et al. 2015 VertNet 2016, Aguilera et al. RBINS See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium 2018 RIB See IRSNB. Brussels Belgium Cogger et al. 1983 Muséum de Zoologie et d'Anthropologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, ZMULB Brussels Belgium F&E Brussels. KMMA See RMCA. Flemish Brabant Belgium MRAC See RMCA. Flemish Brabant Belgium L85 F&E MT See RMCA. Flemish Brabant Belgium Arratia & Schultze 1990 RG See RMCA. Flemish Brabant Belgium Poynton & Broadley 1985 RGMC See RMCA. Flemish Brabant Belgium Wallach et al. 2014 RMAC See RMCA. Flemish Brabant Belgium Wallach et al. 2014 Royal Museum for Central Africa [Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale (MRAC), Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika (KMMA)], Tervuren. Also known as: Maximilian Dehling & Sinsch Tervuren Museum, AfricaMuseum. Formerly: Musée du Congo (1898–1908), 2013, Danny Meirte, Jos RMCA Musée du Congo belge [Museum van Belgisch Congo] (1908–1952), Musée Flemish Brabant Belgium Snoeks, Didier Van den Spiegel, royal du Congo belge [Koninklijk Museum van Belgisch Congo] (1952–1960). Marc De Meyer pers. comm. Obsolete as: KMMA, MRAC, MT, RG, RGMC, RMAC. Current as: RMCA 2018 (fishes & herps). MZULG Université de Liège, L'Aquarium "Dubuisson" et le Musée de Zoologie, Liège. Liège Belgium F&E Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie et d'Aquaculture, Faculté des Sciences LHC Bénin F&E Agronomiques, Université d'Abomey Calavi, Cotonou [Kutonu]. Bermuda Aquarium, Museum and Zoo, Bermuda Zoological Society, Flatts BAMZ Village. Formerly: Bermuda Natural History Society. Obsolete as: BZS, Bermuda F&E Anderson & Heemstra 2012:3 BNHS. Current as: BAMZ (fishes). BNHS See BAMZ. Bermuda F&E BZS See BAMZ. Bermuda F&E Laboratory Collection, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of CNR Punakha Bhutan Gurung et al. 2013 Bhutan, Punakha. Current as: CNR (fishes). Centro de Investigacíon de Recursos Aquáticos, Universidad Técnica del Beni, CIRA-UTB Beni Bolivia F&E Staeck & Schindler 2016 Trinidad. Current as: CIRA-UTB (fishes). Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San USFX Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca [University of Saint Francis Xavier], Chuquisaca Bolivia Chuquisaca. Duellman 2015, Harvey et al. CBG See UMSS. Cochabamba Bolivia 2008 CBGR See UMSS. Cochabamba Bolivia Vega et al. 2018 Museo de Historia Natural Alcide d'Orbigny, Cochabamba [Quchapampa]. Ferraris 2007, Muñoz-Saravia et Includes: fish collection assembled by Unidad de Limnología y Recursos MHNC Cochabamba Bolivia al. 2009, Muñoz & Aguayo Acuáticos, Universidad Mayor de San Simón (UMSS). Current as: MHNC, 2008, Maldonado et al. 2016 MHNCA (amphibians), MHNC-R (reptiles). MHNCA See MHNC. Cochabamba Bolivia Muñoz & Aguayo 2009 Fernández & Quispe Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba [Quchapampa]. Current as: Chuquihuamani 2007, Ferraris UMSS CBG (herps, Centro de Biodiversidad y Genética), UMSS (fishes). Also as: Cochabamba Bolivia F&E et al. 2017, Fernando Carvajal CBGR (herps). pers. comm. 2018 Colección Boliviana de Fauna, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural and Köhler & Güsten 2007, CBF Instituto de Ecología de la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz. La Paz Bolivia F&E González-Fernández et al. Obsolete as: CFB. Current as: CBF (fishes & herps). 2009, Böhme 2010 Fernández & Quispe CFB See CBF. La Paz Bolivia Chuquihuamani 2007 Museo de Historia Natural "Pedro Villalobos" (MHNPV), Centro de CIPA Investigación y Preservación de la Amazonía, Universidad Amazónica de Nicolás Suárez Bolivia F&E Pando, Cobija. Harvey 1994:61, González- Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Fernández et al. 2009, Wallach MNK Gabriel René Moreno, Santa Cruz de La Sierra. Obsolete as: MNKM, NK, Santa Cruz Bolivia et al. 2014, P. Uetz pers. NKA. Current as: MNKP (fishes), MNKR (reptiles), MNKA (amphibians). comm. 2015 MNKA See MNK. Santa Cruz Bolivia Fouquet et al. 2016 Montero et al. 1997, Gans MNKM See MNK. Santa Cruz Bolivia 2005, Recoder et al. 2014 MNKP See MNK. Santa Cruz Bolivia F&E Ferraris 2007, Nielsen 2013 Prudente & Passos 2008, MNKR See MNK. Santa Cruz Bolivia Wallach et al. 2014 NK See MNK. Santa Cruz Bolivia Harvey 1999:388 Lötters et al. 2003, Lötters et NKA See MNK. Santa Cruz Bolivia al. 2005 Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos paleontology collection, Centro de Tecnología Petrolera (CTP), Santa Cruz. Note: fossils specimens are the YPFB Santa Cruz Bolivia Marshall & Muizon 1988 property of CTP (YPFB), but on loan to MNHN (Paris) for curation and study. Current as: YPFB Pal (fossils). Bosnia and BHSP See ZMBH. Wallach et al. 2014 Herzegovina Zemaljski Muzej Bosne i Hercegovine [National Museum of Bosnia and Bosnia and ZMBH De Maddalena 2006, Frost 2016 Herzegovina], Sarajevo. Current as: ZMBH (fishes & herps), BHSP (fossils). Herzegovina Southern African Development Community, Global Environment Facility, SADC/GEF Botswana F&E Gaborone. Current as: SADC/GEF (fishes). Peloso & Sturaro 2008, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco. Current as: UFAC (herps & UFAC Acre Brazil Lundberg et al. 2009, Scheyer fossils). See also: UFACF (Floresta Campus). & Delfino 2016 Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus da Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul. Current UFACF Acre Brazil Gordo et al. 2013 as: UFACF (herps). See also: UFAC (Rio Branco Campus). Museu de História Natural da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió. Nunes et al. 2012 (MUFAL), MUFAL Alagoas Brazil Current as: MUFAL (herps), UFAL (fishes). Loeb & Figueiredo 2014 (UFAL) UFAL See MUFAL. Alagoas Brazil Loeb & Figueiredo 2014 Instituto de Ensino Profissional da Amazônia, Macapá. Formerly: Instituto IEPA Amapá Brazil F&E Andrade et al. 2016 de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas. Current as: IEPA (fishes). Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas, Manaus. Current as: FMT FMT Amazonas Brazil Passos & Prudente 2012 (herps). Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé. Current as: IDSM Amazonas Brazil de Santana & Vari 2010 IDSM (fishes). Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus. Current as: INPA-ICT INPA Amazonas Brazil L85 F&E Ribeiro et al. 2012 (fishes), INPA-H (herps). Coleção Herpetológica de Referência do Centro de Ecologia e Conservação CHECOA Bahia Brazil Marques et al. 2016 Ambiental, Universidade Católica do Salvador, Salvador. Centro de Investigações de Animais Venenosos, Universidade Estadual de CIAVE Bahia Brazil Lema & Renner 2007 Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana. See also: MZFS. Coleção de Referência do Vale do São Francisco, Universidade do Estado da Marcel R. Cavallaro pers. CRVS Bahia Brazil Bahia, Campus VIII, Paulo Afonso. Current as: CRVS (fishes). comm. 2012 Coleção Zoológica Gregório Bondar (CZGB), Comissão Executiva do Plano da Wallach et al. 2014, Freitas et CZGB Lavoura Cacaueira (CEPLAC). Note: collection transferred to MZUESC in Bahia Brazil al. 2014 2012. Current as: CZGB (herps). See also: MZUESC. LIUEFS See MZFS. Bahia Brazil Floeter et al. 2003 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana. Note: SUEFS (Sonoteca do Laboratório de Animais Nunes & Pombal 2011, Loeb & Peçonhentos e Herpetologia) used for sound recordings. Obsolete as: MZFS Bahia Brazil Figueiredo 2014, Juncá et al. LIUEFS (Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas), 2015, Melo & Espíndola 2016 MZUEFS, UEFS. Current as: MZFS (fishes, Divisão de Peixes), MZFS-DAR (herps, Divisão de Anfíbios e Répteis). See also: CIAVE. Pinto & Fernandes 2012, Nunes MZUEFS See MZFS. Bahia Brazil et al. 2012, Marques et al. 2016, Frost 2016 Coleção Herpetológica do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Prudente & Passos 2008, Pires MZUESC Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus. Includes: Coleção Zoológica Gregório Bondar Bahia Brazil et al. 2014, Freitas et al. 2014 (CZGB), added in 2012. Current as: MZUESC (herps). See also: CZGB. MZUFBA See UFBA. Bahia Brazil Marques et al. 2016 Projeto Tamar, São João da Mata. Note: non-profit organization TAMAR administered by Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade Bahia Brazil Carvalho-Filho et al. 2010 (ICMBio). Current as: TAMAR (fishes). UEFS See MZFS. Bahia Brazil F&E Loeb & Figueiredo 2014 Coleção de Anfíbios, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da UESB Bahia Brazil Napoli et al. 2011 Conquista. Napoli et al. 2011, Dourado et Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador. Current as: al. 2013, Zanata et al. 2013, UFBA Bahia Brazil F&E UFBA (fishes & herps). Also as: MZUFBA (Museu de Zoologia). Loeb & Figueiredo 2014, Frost 2016 CHUFC See UFC. Ceará Brazil F&E Miracle et al. 2007, Frost 2016 Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas, Pentecoste. Note: status Pinto 1972, Nijssen & Isbrücker DNOCS Ceará Brazil of collection unknown, some fishes transferred to MZUSP. 1976 LCM See UFC. Ceará Brazil L85 Museu de Paleontologia Plácido Cidade Nuvens, Santana do Cariri. Current MPSC Ceará Brazil Grande 2010 as: MPSC (fossils). Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza. Obsolete as: LCM (Laboratório de Prudente & Passos 2008, Maciel UFC Ciências do Mar). Current as: CHUFC (herps, Coleção Herpetológica). Also Ceará Brazil et al. 2013 as: UFC A (amphibians). Universidade Regional do Cariri, Crato. Current as: URCA-H (herps, Coleção URCA Ceará Brazil Roberto et al. 2014 Herpetológica). Guarino R. Colli pers. comm. CHUNB See UNB. Distrito Federal Brazil 2010, Pinto & Fernandes 2012, Wallach et al. 2014 CIUnB See UNB. Distrito Federal Brazil Aquino et al. 2009 Aquino et al. 2009, Guarino R. Universidade de Brasília, Brasília. Current as: CIUnB (fishes, Coleção Colli pers. comm. 2010, Pinto & UNB Distrito Federal Brazil Ictiológica), CHUNB (herps, Coleção Herpetológica). Fernandes 2012, Wallach et al. 2014 CI-UFES See UFES. Espírito Santo Brazil F&E CIUFES See UFES. Espírito Santo Brazil Anderson & Heemstra 2012:3 Coleção Zoológica Norte Capixaba, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CZNC (UFES), São Mateus. Note: collection separate from UFES. Current as: Espírito Santo Brazil Ingenito et al. 2016 CZNC (fishes). Ferreira et al. 2010, Almeida et Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica (INMA), Coleção Zoológica, Santa al. 2011, Lehmann et al. 2013, MBML Teresa. Formerly: Museu de Biologia Professor Mello Leitão, established in Espírito Santo Brazil F&E Ingenito et al. 2016, Frost 1949. Current as: MBML (fishes & herps). 2016, Tonini et al. 2018 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória. Note: collection UFES separate from CZNC. Current as: CIUFES (fishes, Coleção Ictiológica), UFES Espírito Santo Brazil Andrade & Langeani 2014 (herps). Also as: CI-UFES (fishes), ZUFES. ZUFES See UFES. Espírito Santo Brazil F&E Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Biológicas, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia. Includes: specimens from faunal rescues associated with Pires et al. 2014, Lema & CEPB Usina Hidrelétrica de Serra da Mesa (UHESM) and Usina Hidrelétrica de Goiás Brazil Renner 2012, Santos & Reis Corumbá (UHEC). Current as: CEPB (herps), UHESM & UHEC (herps housed 2018 at CEPB). UFG See ZUFG. Goiás Brazil Ribeiro et al. 2018 Lema 2003, Lema & Renner UHEC See CEPB. Goiás Brazil 2012 UHESM See CEPB. Goiás Brazil Lema 2003 Coleção Zoológica da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, ZUFG Goiás Brazil Lourenço-de-Moraes et al. 2014 Goiânia. Current as: ZUFG (herps). Also as: UFG (herps). Coleção de Peixes do Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, CPDOL Maranhão Brazil Nunes & Piorski 2009 Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Chapadinha. Martins et al. 2012, Ribeiro & CPUFMT See UFMT. Mato Grosso Brazil Lehmann 2016 Laboratory of Ichthyology and Limnology, Universidade do Estado de Mato LILUNX Mato Grosso Brazil Lima et al. 2017 Grosso (UNEMAT), Campus de Nova Xavantina. Current as: LILUNX (fishes) Coleção Zoológica de Vertebrados, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Nunes-de-Almeida & Toledo UFMT Cuiabá. Current as: CPUFMT (fishes, Coleção de Peixes), UFMT (herps), Mato Grosso Brazil 2012, Roberto et al. 2014 UFMT-R (reptiles). Centro de Estudos em Recursos Naturais (CERNA), Laboratório de Ecologia, Yzel Rondon Súarez pers. CPUEMS Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. Current as: Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil comm. 2016 CPUEMS (Coleção de Peixes). Rodriguez et al. 2012, Marcel Coleção Zoológica da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Rodrigo Cavallaro pers. comm. ZUFMS Grande. Current as: ZUFMS-PIS (fishes), ZUFMS-AMP (amphibians), ZUFMS- Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil 2011, Gustavo Graciolli pers. REP (reptiles). comm. 2015, Carvalho et al. 2016 Museu de Biodiversidade do Cerrado, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, AAG-UFU Minas Gerais Brazil Giaretta et al. 2008, Frost 2016 Uberlândia. Current as: AAG-UFU (amphibians). Also as: MBC (entomology). CHUV See MZUFV. Minas Gerais Brazil Gonzalez et al. 2014 Lezama et al. 2012, Ferraris et DZUFMG See UFMG. Minas Gerais Brazil F&E al. 2017 Pinto & Fernandes 2012, Ribeiro FUNED Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte. Current as: FUNED (herps). Minas Gerais Brazil et al. 2018 Laboratório de Genética da Conservação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de LGC Minas Gerais (PUC-MG), Belo Horizonte. Current as: LGC (fishes). See Minas Gerais Brazil Fábio Roxo pers. comm. 2017 also: MCN. Laboratório de Zoologia dos Vertebrados, Universidade Federal de Ouro Nunes & Pombal 2011, Pinto & LZV Minas Gerais Brazil Preto, Ouro Preto. Current as: LZV (herps). Also as: LZVUFOP (herps). Fernandes 2012 LZVUFOP See LZV. Minas Gerais Brazil Prudente & Passos 2008 Museu de Ciências Naturais, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais Nunes et al. 2012, Luciana MCN (PUC-MG), Belo Horizonte. Current as: MCNAM (amphibians), MCNIP Minas Gerais Brazil Barreto Nascimento pers. (fishes), MCNR (reptiles). See also: LGC. comm. 2013, Frost 2016 MCNAM See MCN. Minas Gerais Brazil MCNIP See MCN. Minas Gerais Brazil MCNR See MCN. Minas Gerais Brazil MHNI See UFMG. Minas Gerais Brazil F&E Brant 1974 Museu de Zoologia "João Moojen de Oliveira", Universidade Federal de MZUFV Viçosa, Viçosa. Obsolete as: UFV (herps). Current as: MZUFV (herps). Minas Gerais Brazil Pinto & Fernandes 2012 Also as: CHUV (herps). Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFJF Minas Gerais Brazil F&E Reis et al. 2006 Departamento de Zoologia, Juiz de Fora. Centro de Coleções Taxonômicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (CCT- Pinto & Fernandes 2012, Ribeiro UFMG UFMG), Belo Horizonte. Obsolete as: MHNI (fishes). Current as: UFMG Minas Gerais Brazil et al. 2018 (herps), DZUFMG (fishes, Departamento de Zoologia). UFV See MZUFV. Minas Gerais Brazil Cruz et al. 1997 Laboratório de Ictiologia do Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Universidade GEA Pará Brazil Andrade et al. 2016 Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém. Current as: GEA (fishes). Laboratório de Ictiologia de Altamira, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Leandro Sousa pers. comm. LIA Pará Brazil Altamira. Current as: LIA (fishes). 2013 Linha de Pesquisa em Herpetologia da Amazônia, Laboratório de Pesquisas Hipócrates Chalkidis pers. LPHA Zoológicas (LPZ), Faculdades Integradas do Tapajós, Santarém. Current as: Pará Brazil comm. 2014 LPHA (herps). Museu Paraense "Emilio Goeldi", Belém. Current as: MPEG (fishes & herps), MPEG Pará Brazil L85 F&E Aguilera et al. 2014 MPEG-V (fossils). Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém. Current as: UFOPA-I UFOPA Pará Brazil Silva-Oliveira et al. 2015 (Coleção de Peixes, fishes). Centro de Assistência Toxicológica da Paraíba, Hospital Universitário Lauro CEATOX-PB Wanderley Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa. Current as: CEATOX-PB Paraíba Brazil Pires et al. 2014 (herps). CHUFPB See UFPB. Paraíba Brazil Recoder et al. 2014 Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Costa 2008, Rangel & Mendes UFPB João Pessoa. Current as: CHUFPB (herps, Coleção Herpetológica), UFPB Paraíba Brazil F&E 2009 (fishes). Coleção de Herpetologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal DZUP Paraná Brazil Bornschein et al. 2015 do Paraná, Curitiba. Current as: DZUP (herps). Ferreira et al. 2010, Wallach et Museu de História Natural do Capão da Imbuia, Curitiba. In error as: MHNCI Paraná Brazil F&E al. 2014, Bornschein et al. MHNCL, MNHCI. Current as: MHNCI (fishes & herps). 2015, Frost 2016 MHNCL See MHNCI. Paraná Brazil MNHCI See MHNCI. Paraná Brazil Lucinda 2005 Museu de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina. Current Garcia et al. 2010, José MZUEL Paraná Brazil F&E as: MZUEL (fishes & herps). Birindelli pers. comm. 2013 Coleção Ictiológica do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Roxo et al. 2013, Andrade & NUP Aquicultura (NUPELIA), Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá. Current Paraná Brazil F&E Langeani 2014 as: NUP (fishes). NUPELIA See NUP. Paraná Brazil F&E Freitas et al. 2014, Sobrinho et CHP-UFRPE See UFRPE. Pernambuco Brazil al. 2016 CHUFRPE See UFRPE. Pernambuco Brazil Duellman 2015 DGEO-CTG-UFPE See UFPE. Pernambuco Brazil Barreto et al. 2014 LDUFPE See UFPE. Pernambuco Brazil Nóbrega et al. 2016 Museu de Fauna da Caatinga, Centro de Conservação e Manejo de Fauna da MFCH Caatinga (CEMAFAUNA-CAATINGA), Universidade Federal do Vale do São Pernambuco Brazil Ribeiro et al. 2018 Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina. Current as: MFCH (herps). MOUFPE See UFPE. Pernambuco Brazil Alves-Júnior et al. 2016 UFP See UFPE. Pernambuco Brazil L85 Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Main Campus, Recife. Includes: Museu de Oceanografia "Prof. Petrônio Alves Coelho" (MOUFPE), formerly known as Instituto de Biologia Marinha e Oceanografia, Jaboatão dos Barreto et al. 2014, Nóbrega et UFPE Guararapes, from 1952–1968 and Laboratório de Ciências do Mar/LACIMAR Pernambuco Brazil al. 2016 (UFP) from 1968–1973. Current as: LDUFPE (herps, Laboratório Didático), DGEO-CTG-UFPE (fossils, Coleção Científica Paleontológica do Departamento de Geologia, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências). Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife. Current as: UFRPE UFRPE (fishes), CHP-UFRPE (herps, Coleção Herpetólogica e Paleoherpetólogica). Pernambuco Brazil Loeb & Figueiredo 2014 Also as: CHPUFRPE, CHUFRPE (herps). Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina. Current as: UFPI (fishes), UFPI PV Lucena 2003, Cisneros et al. UFPI Piauí Brazil F&E (fossils). 2015 AL-MN See MNRJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Nunes et al. 2012 CAGC See MNRJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil F&E Paulo Buckup pers. comm. 2016 Coleção de Paleontologia do Museu de Ciências da Terra, Departamento Ferraris 2007, Malabarba & DGM Nacional de Produção Mineral (DNPM), Rio de Janeiro. Also as: DGM-DNPM, Rio de Janeiro Brazil Lundberg 2007, Wallach et al. DNPM, MCT (fossils). 2014 DNPM See DGM. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Pinto 2010 Ferreira et al. 2010, Almeida et Coleção Eugênio Izecksohn, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, EI Rio de Janeiro Brazil L85 al. 2011, Duellman 2015, Luiz Seropédica. Also as: EI-UFRRJ. See also: UFRRJ. Malabarba pers. comm. 2016 IOC Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro Brazil L85 Wallach et al. 2014 Instituto Vital Brazil, Niterói. In error as: IVP (herps). Current as: IVB Prudente & Passos 2008, IVB Rio de Janeiro Brazil (herps). Wallach et al. 2014 IVP See IVB. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Wallach et al. 2014 Floeter et al. 2003, Guimarães Laboratório de Biodiversidade de Recursos Pesqueiros, Universidade Federal et al. 2004, Rangel & Mendes LBRP do Rio de Janeiro. Note: collection of marine fishes separate from main Rio de Janeiro Brazil F&E 2009, Paulo Buckup pers. collection at UFRJ; current status unknown. comm. 2016 Rangel & Mendes 2009, Pinheiro LNEP-UFF See UFF. Rio de Janeiro Brazil et al. 2013 MCT See DGM. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Mariani & Romano 2017 MN See MNRJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil F&E Wallach et al. 2014 MNLM See MNRJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Paulo Buckup pers. comm. 2012 Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Includes: Adolpho Lutz Herpetological Collection (AL-MN, maintained Gallo et al. 2011, Paulo Buckup separately), and Carlos Alberto Gonçalves da Cruz private collection (CAGC) pers. comm. 2012, 2016, MNRJ assembled at Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Note: Rio de Janeiro Brazil L85 F&E Leandro Villa-Verde pers. collection separate and distinct from Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro comm. 2013 (UFRJ/ZUFRJ). Current as: MNRJ (fishes & herps), MNTI (fish tissue collection), MNLM (vertebrate DNA extract collection), MN (fossils). MNTI See MNRJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Paulo Buckup pers. comm. 2012 Núcleo em Ecologia e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental de Macaé (NUPEM), NPM Rio de Janeiro Brazil F&E Nielsen et al. 2015 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé. Current as: NPM (fishes). PNT.UERJ See UERJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Amaral et al. 2013 Pz.UERJ See UERJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Gallo et al. 2011 Giaretta et al. 1993, Cruz et al. SPCS See UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil 1997 Blanco-Piñon & Alvarado-Ortega Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia Roberto 2007, Figueiredo 2009, Gallo et UERJ Alcântara Gomes, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro. Current as: UERJ (fishes), Rio de Janeiro Brazil L85 F&E al. 2011, Amaral et al. 2013, Pz.UERJ (fossils). Also as: PNT.UERJ (fishes), UERJ-PMB (fossils). Soares et al. 2015 Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro. Current as: LNEP-UFF UFF Rio de Janeiro Brazil F&E Aguilera et al. 2018 (Laboratório de Biologia do Nécton e Ecologia Pesqueira), UFF (fossils). Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro. Includes: collection of Sérgio Potsch Carvalho e Silva (SPCS, herps), Britto & Castro 2002, Paulo A. Departamento de Zoologia. Note: collection distinct from Museu Nacional, Buckup pers. comm. 2012, UFRJ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ). Current as: UFRJ (fishes, Rio de Janeiro Brazil F&E Leandro Villa-Verde pers. Laboratório de Sistemática e Evolução de Peixes Teleósteos), ZUFRJ (herps). comm. 2013 See also: LBRP (Laboratório de Biodiversidade de Recursos Pesqueiros), UFRJ-DG (fossils). Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociências, UFRJ-DG Departamento de Geologia, Rio de Janeiro. Current as: UFRJ-DG Rio de Janeiro Brazil Alves ̧ et al. 2016 (vertebrate fossil collections). See also: UFRJ (Recent fishes & herps). Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica. Note: Carlos Alberto Gonçalves da Cruz private collection (CAGC) at UFRRJ transferred to UFRRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Paulo Buckup pers. comm. 2016 Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ). See also: EI, MNRJ. Laboratório de Biossistemática de Anfíbios, Universidade Federal do Estado Luna-Dias et al. 2009, Frost UNIRIO Rio de Janeiro Brazil do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. Current as: UNIRIO (amphibians). 2016 Ferreira et al. 2010, Almeida ZUFRJ See UFRJ. Rio de Janeiro Brazil 2011 Giaretta et al. 2008, Recoder et CHDBEZ See UFRN. Rio Grande do Norte Brazil al. 2014 LOC-DBEZ-UFRN See UFRN. Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Rangel & Mendes 2009 Departamento de Botânica, Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Giaretta et al. 2008, Ramos et Grande do Norte, Natal. Current as: CHDBEZ (herps, Coleção UFRN Rio Grande do Norte Brazil F&E al. 2013, Carvalho Rocha et al. Herpetológica), UFRN (fishes, Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática e 2018 Evolutiva). Also as: LOC-DBEZ-UFRN (fishes, Laboratório do Oceano). Costa et al. 2015, Entiauspe- CHFURG See FURG. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Neto et al. 2017 Coleção Ictiológica Morevy Cheffe, Grupo Especial de proteção ao Ambiente Costa 2006, Volcan et al. 2010, CIMC Aquático do Rio Grande do Sul (GEEPAA-RS), Pelotas. Current as: CIMC Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Ingo Schindler pers. comm. (fishes) 2017 Museu Zoológico Augusto Ruschi, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Prudente & Passos 2008, CRUPF Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Fundo. Current as: CRUPF (herps). Wallach et al. 2014 Luiz Malabarba pers. comm. DZUFRGS See UFRGS. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil F&E 2010 Menezes & Weitzman 2009, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande. Current as: Entiauspe-Neto et al. 2017, FURG CHFURG (herps), FURG (fishes, university laboratory of ichthyology), Rio Grande do Sul Brazil L85 Jules M.R. Soto pers. comm. MOFURG (Museu Oceanográfico "Professor Eliézer de Carvalho Rios"). 2018 LACIMAR See MCP. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Carlos Lucena pers. comm. 2016 Museu Anchieta de Ciências Naturais, Colégio Anchieta, Porto Alegre. MAPA Rio Grande do Sul Brazil L85 F&E Menezes & Weitzman 2009 Current as: MAPA (fishes). Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Borteiro et al. 2013, Frost 2016, Porto Alegre. Formerly: Museu Rio-Grandense de Ciências Naturais (MRCN), MCN Rio Grande do Sul Brazil L85 F&E Entiauspe-Neto et al. 2017, established in 1955. Obsolete as: MRGS. Current as: MCN (fishes & herps). Bertaco & Azevedo 2018 Also as: FZRG, MCNZ, MRCN (herps). MCNZ See MCN. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Cabrera & Colantonio 2001:115 Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia (MCT), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Borteiro et al. 2013, Carlos Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre. Includes: fishes from Laboratório MCP Rio Grande do Sul Brazil L85 F&E Lucena pers. comm. 2016, de Ciências do Mar, PUCRS (LACIMAR), transferred in the 1980s. Obsolete Roberto Reis pers. comm. 2017 as: LACIMAR, MCTP. Current as: MCP (fishes & herps). MCTP See MCP. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Lima & Renner 2011 Soto & Mincarone 2004, Vaz & MOFURG See FURG. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil F&E de Carvalho 2018 Ferraris 2007, Bornschein et al. MRCN See MCN. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil 2015 MRGS See MCN. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Frost 2016 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Zoologia, Porto Luiz Malabarba pers. comm. UFRGS Rio Grande do Sul Brazil L85 F&E Alegre. Obsolete as: DZUFRGS. Current as: UFRGS (fishes & herps). 2010, Martins et al. 2014 Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria. Current as: UFSM UFSM Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Dias-da-Silva & Vieiradias 2013 (fossils), ZUFSM (herps). ULBRA Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas. Current as: ULBRA (fossils). Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Dias-da-Silva & Vieiradias 2013 Museu de História da Vida e da Terra da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos UMVT Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Dias-da-Silva & Vieiradias 2013 Sinos, São Leopoldo. Current as: UMVT (fossils). ZUFSM See UFSM. Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Bornschein et al. 2015 Luiz J. de Queiroz pers. comm. UFRO See UNIR. Rondônia Brazil 2010, Chamon 2016 Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho. Current as: UFRO-I (fishes), Luiz J. de Queiroz pers. comm. UNIR Rondônia Brazil UNIR (herps). Also as: UFRO-ICT (fishes). 2010 Assessoria para Meio Ambiente, ELETROSUL, Florianópolis. Note: fish collection assembled by Manuel Pereira de Godoy, presumably no longer AMA Santa Catarina Brazil F&E Godoy 1980 extant. Also as: AMA-Electrosul (fishes). See also: EEBP, MHNP (Godoy fishes). CAUSC See UFSC. Santa Catarina Brazil L85 F&E CHUFSC See UFSC. Santa Catarina Brazil Kunz et al. 2007 Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau. Current as: FURB FURB Santa Catarina Brazil Giasson et al. 2011 (herps). Museu Oceanográfico Univali, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Balneário Piçarras. Also known as: Museu Oceanográfico do Vale do Itajaí. Includes: private collection of Jules M.R. Soto (JMRS) and Museu de Ciências Naturais Soto & Mincarone 2004, Deli MOVI Santa Catarina Brazil F&E (MCNC), Centro de Estudos Bio-Ecológicos Costeiros, Limnológicos e Antoni et al. 2015 Marinhos (CEBECLIM), annexed by Universidade do Vale do Itajaí in 1993. Current as: MOVI (fishes & herps). Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia (ECZ), Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis. Note: CAUSC was previously assigned to collections in Centro de Ciências Agrarias UFSC at UFSC and is presumably obsolete; ECZ also maintains fish collections Santa Catarina Brazil Kunz et al. 2007 including coleção Ictiológica de Referência do Núcleo de Estudos do Mar (NEMAR). Obsolete as: CAUSC. Current as: CHUFSC (herps, Coleção Herpetológica). AZUSC Acervo Zoológico da Universidade Santa Cecília, Santos. São Paulo Brazil F&E Carvalho-Filho et al. 2010 CCLZU See TAU. São Paulo Brazil Martins 2010 Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad Collection, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Ferreira et al. 2010, Almeida et CFBH São Paulo Brazil Filho", Campus de Rio Claro. Current as: CFBH (amphibians). See also: LGP al. 2011, Bornschein et al. 2015 (fishes). Coleção Biológica "Prof. Edmundo F. Nonato" do Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária. Note: most specimens (mainly fish larvae and invertebrates) held prior to 2012 by the Instituto Melo & Caires 2016, Marcelo ColBIO São Paulo Brazil Oceanográfico and cited as IOUSP are now lost, including types of Melo pers. comm. 2017 leptocephali described by Luiz Roberto Tommasi (1960). Obsolete as: IO, IOUSP. Current as: ColBIO (uncataloged fish larvae and invertebrates). CTMZ See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil Blackburn & Duellman 2013 DZ See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil Gans 2005 DZSASP See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil F&E Ferraris 2007 Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Campus de Martins et al. 2012, Provete et DZSJRP São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. Current as: DZSJRP (Departamento de São Paulo Brazil F&E al. 2012, Andrade & Langeani Zoologia e Botânica, fishes & herps), URP (fossils). 2014, Andrade et al. 2017 DZUSP See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil Wallach et al. 2014 Estação Experimental de Biologia e Piscicultura de Pirassununga, Ministério da Agricultura, Pirassununga. Note: established in 1942, EEBP became Centro de Pesquisa e Treinamento em Aquicultura in 1979 which was renamed Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Peixes Tropicais in 1993, then José Birindelli, Maria Inês Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Peixes Continentais (CEPTA) Borella, Fernando Carvalho, in 2000; CEPTA administered by Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Flávio Lima & Carla Polaz pers. EEBP Biodiversidade (ICMBio) since 2007; EEBP fish collection assembled by Otto São Paulo Brazil F&E comm. 2016, Ferraris et al. Schubart, Alcides Lourenço Gomes, Felisberto Pinto Monteiro, Manuel Pereira 2017, Flávio Lima pers. comm. de Godoy and others mostly discarded in 1990s except for a few lots 2019, André Esguicero pers. transferred under Godoy's supervision to Museu de História Natural, comm. 2019 Pirassununga (MHNP), at least 3 lots transferred to MZUSP in 1994, and 151 lots (19 with EEBP catalog numbers) now cataloged at LIRP. See also: AMA, MHNP (Godoy fishes). IB See IBSP. São Paulo Brazil L85 IBH See IBSP. São Paulo Brazil Hoge & Lima-Verde 1973 Coleção Herpetológica "Alphonse Richard Hoge", Instituto Butantan, São Prudente & Passos 2008, IBSP Paulo. Note: destroyed by fire 15 May 2010. Obsolete as: IB, IBH. Current São Paulo Brazil Ferreira et al. 2010, Freitas et as: IBSP. al. 2014 IO See ColBIO. São Paulo Brazil F&E Marcelo Melo pers. comm. 2017 IOUSP See ColBIO. São Paulo Brazil Marcelo Melo pers. comm. 2017 Instituto Pinheiros Produtos Terapêuticos S.A., São Paulo. Note: collection no longer extant; herp specimens divided among several institutions IP São Paulo Brazil Costa & Bérnils 2015 including Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (MCN). Also as: IPSP. IPSP See IP São Paulo Brazil Lema & Renner 2011 Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Departamento de Morfologia, Benine et al. 2007, Roxo et al. LBP Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus de São Paulo Brazil 2013, Andrade & Langeani 2014 Botucatu. Current as: LBP (fishes). Laboratório de Genética de Peixes, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Albert et al. 1999; James Albert LGP Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus São Paulo Brazil & Victor Tagliacollo pers. comm. de Rio Claro. Current as: LGP (fishes). See also: CFBH (amphibians). 2015, Ferraris et al. 2017 Laboratório de Ictiologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Marcel R. Cavallaro pers. Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, comm. 2010, Andrade & LIRP Ribeirão Preto. Includes: ~65 lots formerly associated with Estação São Paulo Brazil F&E Langeani 2014, Flávio Lima Experimental de Biologia e Piscicultura de Pirassununga (EEBP). Current as: pers. comm. 2019 LIRP (fishes). See also: LPRP (fossils). Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia LISDEBE Evolutiva (DEBE), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos. Current São Paulo Brazil F&E as: LISDEBE (fishes). Laboratório de Paleontologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, LPRP Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto. Current as: LPRP (fossils). See São Paulo Brazil Mariani & Romano 2017 also: LIRP (fishes). Museu de História Natural, Pirassununga. Note: private museum and collection of Manuel Pereira de Godoy currently administered by Godoy José Birindelli, Maria Inês family (no public access); includes some Godoy fishes formerly deposited at Borella, Fernando Carvalho, MHNP São Paulo Brazil F&E Estação Experimental de Biologia e Piscicultura de Pirassununga (EEBP) and Flávio Lima & Carla Polaz pers. potentially Assessoria para Meio Ambiente, ELETROSUL, Florianópolis (AMA). comm. 2016 See also: AMA, EEBP (Godoy fishes). Museu de História Natural de Taubaté, Taubaté. Current as: MHNT (fossils). MHNT São Paulo Brazil Alvarenga & Guilherme 2003 See also: TAU. MPMA Museu de Paleontologia de Monte Alto, Monte Alto. São Paulo Brazil Souza Carvalho et al. 2005 MPSP See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil Wallach et al. 2014 MZP See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil F&E MZSP See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil F&E Cabrera & Colantonio 2001:115 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. Formerly: Museu Paulista (MPSP). Includes: collection of Instituto de Zootecnia, Secretaria da Agricultura [formerly Departamento de Zoologia, Museu MZUSP São Paulo Brazil L85 F&E Camelier et al. 2018 Paulista (DZSASP)] and Werner C. A. Bokermann herp collection (WCAB). Obsolete as: DZ, DZUSP, MZSP, MSP, MPSP. Current as: MZUSP (fishes & herps), CTMZ (tissue collection). Also as: MZict (fish tissues). Santos et al. 2004, Vaz & de NUPEC Núcleo de Pesquisa e Estudo em Chondrichthyes, Santos. São Paulo Brazil F&E Carvalho 2018 Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté. Current as: TAU (fishes), CCLZU (herps, TAU São Paulo Brazil Nielsen et al. 2014 Laboratório de Zoologia). See also: MHNT (fossils). UNE-SP-CLP See UNESP-CLP. São Paulo Brazil Garrone-Neto et al. 2014:382 Elasmobranchs Collection, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita UNESP-CLP São Paulo Brazil Santos & Gadig 2014 Filho", Câmpus do Litoral Paulista. Also as: UNE-SP-CLP. URP See DZSJRP. São Paulo Brazil Menegazzo et al. 2015 WCAB See MZUSP. São Paulo Brazil Provete et al. 2012, Frost 2016 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas "Adão José Pinto & Fernandes 2012, ZUEC Cardoso", Campinas. Current as: ZUEC (fishes & herps). Also as: ZUEC-PIS São Paulo Brazil L85 F&E Dourado et al. 2013, Carvalho & (fishes), ZUEC-REP (reptiles). Santos 2015 CHUFS See UFS. Sergipe Brazil Santana et al. 2014 Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju. Current as: UFS (fishes), CHUFS UFS Sergipe Brazil Loeb & Figueiredo 2014 (herps, Coleção Herpetológica). UFT See UNT. Tocantins Brazil Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), Porto Nacional. Current as: UNT Paulo H.F. Lucinda pers. comm. UNT Tocantins Brazil F&E (fishes). 2012 Brunei Museum [Muzium Brunei], Kota Batu, Bandar Seri Begawan. Current Kohout 2008, Aran Testa pers. BMKB Brunei as: BMKB. comm. 2017 UBD See UBDM. Brunei F&E Das 1997, Kottelat 2012:13 Universiti Brunei Darussalam Museum, Faculty of Science, Department of Gianluca Polgar pers. comm. UBDM Biology, Bandar Seri Begawan. Obsolete as: UBD. Current as: UBDM Brunei 2016, Polgar et al. 2018 (fishes & herps). BFSU See DHISUB. Bulgaria F&E Department of Hydrobiology and Ichthyology, Faculty of Biology, St. Clement DHISUB Bulgaria F&E Kottelat 2012:12 of Ohrid University of Sofia [Sofia University], Sofia. Also as: BFSU IZ-BAS See NMNHS. Bulgaria Georgalis & Joyce 2017 MNHV The Natural History Museum, Varna. Bulgaria F&E Kottelat 2012:13 National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia. Roselaar 2003, Mlíkovský et al. NMNHS Formerly: National Zoological Museum (NZMS). Current as: NMNHS Bulgaria F&E 2011, Andreev & Motchurova- (fossils). Also as: IZ-BAS (fossils), NZMS. Dekova 2010 NZMS See NMNHS. Bulgaria L85 Roselaar 2003 CVRS Centre Voltaique de la Recherche Scientifique, Ouagadougou. Burkina Faso Wallach et al. 2014 Musée National de Burkina Faso, Mnistère de la Culture, des Arts et du MHV Burkina Faso L85 F&E Ferraris 2007 Tourisme, Ouagadougou. Formerly: Musée de Haute Volta [Upper Volta]. Centre Régional de Recherches en Hydrobiologie Appliquée, Bujumbura. CRRHA Burundi F&E Note: sponsored by Belgian government from 1992-1995. Center for Biodiversity Conservation, Royal University of Phnom Penh, CBC Cambodia Wallach et al. 2014 Phnom Penh. Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh. Current IFREDI Cambodia Grudpan & Grudpan 2012 as: IFREDI (fishes). MacEwan University, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton. MUBS Alberta Canada Mrinal Das pers. comm. 2013 Formerly: Grant MacEwan University. Current as: MUBS. Mark Steinhilber pers. comm. RAM Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton. Current as: RAM. Alberta Canada 2010 RTMP See TMP. Alberta Canada Sankey 2006 Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology, Drumheller. Obsolete as: RTMP Michael Newbrey pers. comm. TMP Alberta Canada (fossils). Current as: TMP (fossils). 2010 University of Alberta, Laboratory for Vertebrate Paleontology, Edmonton. John Clay Bruner pers. comm. UALVP Alberta Canada Current as: UALVP (fossils). See also: UAMZ (Recent fishes & herps). 2010, Sullivan & Robinson 2015 University of Alberta, Museum of Zoology, Edmonton. Obsolete as: UAZM. UAMZ Alberta Canada L85 F&E Murray et al. 2015 Current as: UAMZ (Recent fishes & herps). See also: UALVP (fossils). UAZM See UAMZ & UALVP. Alberta Canada Caldwell et al. 2015 BCPM See RBCM. British Columbia Canada L85 F&E Gavin Hanke pers. comm. 2010 Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria. Obsolete as: BCPM (British RBCM British Columbia Canada F&E Gavin Hanke pers. comm. 2010 Columbia Provincial Museum). Current as: RBCM. University of British Columbia, Cowan Vertebrate Museum [part of Beaty UBC British Columbia Canada L85 F&E Biodiversity Museum], Vancouver. Also as: UBCBBM. UBCBBM See UBC. British Columbia Canada VertNet 2016 The Manitoba Museum, Winnipeg. Formerly: Manitoba Museum of Man and COSEWIC 2010, Randall Mooi MM Nature. Obsolete as: MMMN. Current as: MM (fishes & herps). Also as: Manitoba Canada pers. comm. 2015 TMM (online database). Poss & Collette 1995:63, Stewart-Hay Memorial Museum, Department of Biological Sciences, COSEWIC 2010, Reid et al. MZ University of Manitoba, Winnipeg. Formerly: Museum of Zoology. Current Manitoba Canada 2011, Boguski et al. 2012, as: MZF (fishes), MZH (herps). White 2014, Margaret Docker pers. comm. 2015 Margaret Docker pers. comm. MZH See MZF. Manitoba Canada 2015 http://manitobamuseum.ca/mai TMM See MM. Manitoba Canada n/collections- research/collections-database/ Lou Van Guelpen pers. comm. ARC Atlantic Reference Centre, Saint Andrews. Current as: ARC (fishes). New Brunswick Canada L85 L&G F&E 2013 NBM New Brunswick Museum, Saint John. New Brunswick Canada L85 L&G FOSJ Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador Region, St. John's. Newfoundland Canada L85 MUDB Memorial University, Department of Biology, St. John's. Newfoundland Canada L85 NSMC Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax. Nova Scotia Canada L85 Centre for Biodiversity Genomics (CBG), University of Guelph, Guelph. Ted Pietsch & Jeremy Dewaard BIOUG Ontario Canada Current as: BIOUG (fishes & herps). pers. comm. 2017 Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa. Formerly: National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada (NMC). Includes: collections of CMN Victoria Memorial Museum Building (VMMB) and Nunavut Fossil Vertebrate Ontario Canada F&E Beamish 2010, Montanucci 2015 Collection (NUFV). Obsolete as: CMN FI, NMC, VMMB. Current as: CMNFI (fishes), CMNAR (herps). CMN FI See CMNFI. Ontario Canada Polgar et al. 2013 MNRT Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto. Ontario Canada L85 Kottelat 2012:13, Wallach et al. NMC See CMN. Ontario Canada L85 F&E 2014 NUFV See CMN. Ontario Canada Daeschler 2015 ROM Royal Ontario Museum, Department of Natural History, Toronto. Ontario Canada L85 F&E VMMB See CMN. Ontario Canada F&E WLUB Wilfrid Laurier University, Department of Biology, Waterloo. Ontario Canada L85 Direction Generale des Pêches Maritimes, Ministere de l'Industrie et du DGPM Quebec Canada L85 Commerce, Quebec. Janvier & Arsenault 2007, Musée d'histoire naturelle, Parc national de Miguasha. Current as: MHNM MHNM Quebec Canada Schultze & González-Rodríguez (fossils). 2016 QPM Ministère du Tourisme de la Chasse et de la Pêche, Montreal. Quebec Canada L85 David M. Green pers. comm. RM Redpath Museum, McGill University, Montréal. Current as: RM. Quebec Canada 2011 SMNH Saskatchewan Museum of Natural History, Regina. Saskatchewan Canada L85 Wallach et al. 2014 Instituto Nacional de Desenvolvimento das Pescas, Mindelo, island of São INDP Cape Verde Freitas et al. 2018 Vicente. Current as: INDP (fishes). Centre d'Etude Pêches, Service des eaux et forêts du Tchad, Fort-Lamy [now CEPFL Chad F&E N'Djamena]. Centre National d'Appui à la Recherche, N'Djamena. Current as: CNAR CNAR Chad Pinton et al. 2011 (fossils). Colección Zoológica de Zonas Áridas y Andinas, Universidad de Tarapacá, CZZA Arica y Parinacota Chile Vega et al. 2018 Arica. Current as: CZZA (herps). Colecciones Paleontológicas, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Azpelicueta & Rubilar 1998, CPUC Concepción Chile Universidad de Concepción, Concepción. See also: MZUC (fishes & herps). Ferraris 2007 Lavenberg & Yañez 1972, IZUC See MZUC. Concepción Chile L85 Wallach et al. 2014 Museo de Historia Natural de Concepción, Concepción. Current as: MRC MRC Concepción Chile Troncoso-Palacios et al. 2016 (herps). MUZUC See MZUC. Concepción Chile Formas & Vera 1982 Museo de Zoología de la Universidad de Concepción, Concepción. Formerly: Instituto de Zoología de la Universidad de Concepción (IZUC). Note: MZUC Randall & Meléndez 1987, MZUC also in use for Museo de Zoología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Concepción Chile Correa et al. 2008, Wallach et Argentina. Current as: MZUC (herps). Also as: IZUC, MUZUC, MZUC-UCCC. al. 2014, Vega et al. 2018 See also: CPUC (fossils). Centro de Investigaciones Zoológicas, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, pers. comm. Irma Del Carmen CIZ Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Note: collections lost Santiago Chile F&E Vila Pinto & José Navarro 2018 when institution closed during military dictatorship. DBCG See MNHNC. Santiago Chile Cuevas & Ramón Formas 2005 DBCUCH See MNHNC. Santiago Chile L85 F&E DBGUCH See MNHNC. Santiago Chile Correa et al. 2008 FFSUC See MNHNC. Santiago Chile F&E Arratia 1998, Schultze & Arratia Laboratorio de Biología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Note: lab closed ca. 2013:189, pers. comm. Irma LBUCH 1998 with specimens transferred to Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Santiago Chile Del Carmen Vila Pinto & José (MNHNC) and some fishes to University of Kansas (KU). Navarro 2018 Laboratory of Limnology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago. Note: laboratory collection of fishes (Orestias ) maintained by Irma Del LLFS-UCH Santiago Chile Vila et al. 2011 Carmen Vila Pinto since 2003; some specimens transferred to Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago (MNHNC). MNHN-Stg See MNHNC. Santiago Chile Schultze & Arratia 2013:189 Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago. Includes: fish collections Meléndez et al. 1993, Vila et al. from the Universidad de Chile, Santiago, including Departamento de Biología 2011, Otero et al. 2013, Celular y Genética (DBCG, DBCUCH, DBGUCH), Facultad de Ciencias MNHNC Santiago Chile L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014, pers. Forestales (FFSUC) and Laboratorio de Biología (LBUCH). Current as: comm. Irma Del Carmen Vila MNHNC (fishes, herps), SGO-PV (fossils). Also as: MNHNCL, MNHNCH & Pinto & José Navarro 2018 MNHN-Stg. MNHNCH See MNHNC. Santiago Chile F&E MNHNCL See MNHNC. Santiago Chile Troncoso-Palacios et al. 2016 Otero et al. 2013, Carrillo- SGO-PV See MNHNC. Santiago Chile Briceño 2015 Colección de Flora y Fauna Patricio Sánchez Reyes, Pontificia Universidad SSUC Santiago Chile Troncoso-Palacios et al. 2016 Católica de Chile, Santiago. Current as: SSUC (herps). Ferraris 2007, Cuevas & Ramón IZUA Instituto de Zoología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia. Valdivia Chile L85 F&E Formas 2005, Nuñez et al. 2012 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Centro de Investigaciones del CIMAR Valparaíso Chile L85 F&E Mar, Valparaíso. Estación de Biología Marina de Montemar, Universidad de Valparaíso EBMC Valparaíso Chile L85 F&E [formerly Chile], Viña del Mar, Valparaíso. Museo de Historia Natural de Valparaíso, Valparaíso. Note: original museum founded by Eduardo de la Barra in 1878 and largely destroyed by earthquake MHNV Valparaíso Chile L85 Schell and fire in 1906; remains of collection moved to Santiago and returned to Valparaíso in 1912. Current as: MHNV. AHU School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei. Anhui China Wallach et al. 2014 Huangshan University Museum, Huangshan. Current as: HSU (herps). Also HSU Anhui China Shi et al. 2018 as: HUM (herps). HUM See HSU. Anhui China Peng et al. 2014 ASIZB See NZMC. Beijing China L85 F&E Kottelat 2013, Ye et al. 2015 Kottelat 2012, Bohlen & BMAM See BMNHC. Beijing China L85 F&E Šlechtová 2017 BMNH See BMNHC. Beijing China Beijing Museum of Natural History, Dongcheng District, Beijing. Formerly: National Central Museum of Natural History (1951-1962). Current as: BMAM BMNHC Beijing China Liu et al. 2017 (Recent fishes), BMNHC (fossils). Also as: BMNH (fossils), CNHM (herps), NHBM (fishes). CAGS-IG See IGCAGS. Beijing China Joyce 2014 CAS See NZMC. Beijing China Seah et al. 2015 CNHM See BMNHC. Beijing China Nguyen et al. 2009 FMIB See NZMC. Beijing China F&E Geological Museum of Peking University, Beijing. Formerly: Geological Showroom of Peking University founded in 1909, renamed Geological Pritchard et al. 2013, Liu et al. GMPKU Exhibition Hall in 1923, incorporated into Peking Geology College in 1952, Beijing China 2017 Geological Museum re-established in 1955. Obsolete as: PKUP (fossils). Current as: GMPKU (fossils). GMV National Geological Museum of China, Beijing. Current as: GMV (fossils). Beijing China Dong et al. 2013 Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences [Academia IGCAGS Beijing China Liu 2018 Sinica], Beijing. Obsolete as: CAGS-IG. Current as: IGCAGS (fossils). Nguyen et al. 2013, Zhu et al. IOZ See NZMC. Beijing China 2014, Shi et al. 2018 Watanabe et al. 2002, Zhang et IOZCAS See NZMC. Beijing China al. 2002, Bain et al. 2009 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Chen et al. 2005:493, Dong et Academy of Sciences [Academia Sinica], Beijing. Formerly: Institute of IVPP Beijing China al. 2013, Wallach et al. 2014, Vertebrate Paleontology (1957–1960). Current as: IVPP V (vertebrate Shi et al. 2018 fossils). See also: NZMC (Recent fishes & herps). IZAC See NZMC. Beijing China Wilson & Reeder 2005 IZAS See NZMC. Beijing China Lin & Holzschuh 2013 NHBM See BMNHC. Beijing China Xing et al. 2015 National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Academia Sinica], Chaoyang District, Beijing. Formerly: Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, 1928-1962 (FMIB, ZMFIB, ZMFMIB), Institute NZMC Beijing China Xing et al. 2015, Ye et al. 2015 of Zoology, Academia Sinica (IZAC, IZAS). Obsolete as: CAS, FMIB, IOZ, IOZCAS, IZAS, ZMFIB, ZMFMIB. Current as: NZMC. Also as: ASIZB, IZAC (mammals). See also: IVPP (fossils). PKUP See GMPKU. Beijing China Chiappe et al. 2014 ZMFIB See NZMC. Beijing China Kottelat 2012:13 ZMFMIB See NZMC. Beijing China F&E Ferraris 2007, Kottelat 2013 CNHM Chongqing Natural History Museum, Chongqing. Chongqing China Frost 2016 FM Department of Nature, Fujian Provincial Museum, Fuzhou. Fujian China F&E Kottelat 2012:12 FNU Fujian Normal University, Department of Biology, Fuzhou. Fujian China Ting & T'sai 1979 Jimei University, Fisheries College, Xiamen. Formerly: Xiamen Fisheries XFCFC Fujian China F&E College. Zoological Museum, Department of Biology, College of Life Science, Xiamen ZMUA Fujian China F&E University, Xiamen. Formerly: University of Amoy. DBLU Department of Biology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou. Gansu China Kottelat 2012:12 NWSD Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou. Gansu China Yang et al. 2014 BLG See SYS. Guangdong China Kottelat 2012:12, Kottelat 2013 DBJU See JNU. Guangdong China Kottelat 2012:12 DBSCNU See SCNU. Guangdong China F&E Dexu Institute of Paleontology, Chaozhou. Current as: DIP-V (vertebrate DIP Guangdong China Lambertz 2017 fossils). FCSCNU See SCNU. Guangdong China F&E FESC See PRFRI. Guangdong China F&E Kottelat 2012:12, Kottelat 2013 Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, GZIG Guangdong China Chen et al. 2016 Guangzhou [Canton]. JNH See JNU. Guangdong China Kottelat 2013 Department of Biology, Jinan [Ji-Nan] University, Guangzhou [Canton]. Also JNU Guangdong China F&E Ferraris 2007 as: DBJU, JNH. LNHSM See SYS. Guangdong China F&E Kottelat 2012:12 LUG See SYS. Guangdong China Kottelat 2013 Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery PRFRI Sciences, Guangzhou [Canton]. Formerly: Fishery Experimental Station Guangdong China F&E Li et al. 2014 Canton (FESC). In error as: PFRI. Obsolete as: FESC. Current as: PRFRI. South China Normal University, School of Life Science, Guangzhou [Canton]. SCNU Obsolete as: DBSCNU (Department of Biology), FCSCNU. Current as: Guangdong China F&E Lan et al. 2014, Zhu et al. 2014 SCNU. South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery SCSFRI Guangdong China F&E White & Last 2013 Sciences, Guangzhou [Canton]. In error as: SSCFRI. Current as: SCSFRI. SSCFRI See SCSFRI. Guangdong China White & Last 2013 Biological Museum of Sun Yat-Sen University [Zhongshan University], Guangzhou [Canton]. Formerly: Chung Shan University which incorporated Wallach et al. 2014, Zhu et al. SYS Lingnan University in 1953. Note: present status unknown for collections of Guangdong China 2014, Wang et al. 2015 Lingnan University Natural History Survey and Museum (LNHSM or LUG). Obsolete as: BLG (fishes), SYSU, ZLSYU. Current as: SYS (fishes & herps). SYSU See SYS. Guangdong China F&E ZLSYU See SYS. Guangdong China F&E ZX See IHB. Guangdong China Ferraris 2007 GAS Longgang National Nature Reserve, Longzhou [Chongzuo]. Guangxi China Wen 1998 Guangxi Institute of Fisheries, Nanning. Obsolete as: GXIF. Current as: Kottelat 2012:12, Xiu et al. GIF Guangxi China GIF (fishes). 2014:376 GMC See GMU. Guangxi China Wen 1992 Department of Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning. Formerly: GMU Guangxi Medical College (GMC). Obsolete as: GMC. Current as: GMU. Also Guangxi China Wen 1998, Wallach et al. 2014 as: GMXU and GXMU (amphibians). GMXU See GMU. Guangxi China Frost 2016 GXIF See GIF. Guangxi China F&E GXMESGXUA See MESH. Guangxi China Frost 2016 GXMU See GMU. Guangxi China Frost 2016 GXNHM See NHMG. Guangxi China Frost 2016 GXNU See GXSD. Guangxi China Frost 2016 GXSD College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin. Also as: GXNU. Guangxi China Yang et al. 2014 GXUA College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning. Guangxi China Zhou et al. 2006 Guangxi Maoershan National Nature Reserve collection, Guilin. Obsolete as: MESH Guangxi China Zhou et al. 2006 GXMESGXUA. Current as: MESH. Natural History Museum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning. Chen et al. 2005, Matsui et al. NHMG Current as: NHMG (herps, fossils). Also as: GXNHM (amphibians), Guangxi China 2015 NHMGZAR (fishes). See also: GMU. NHMGZAR See NHMG. Guangxi China F&E BJC Bijie College, Bijie. Current as: BJC (herps). Guizhou China Frost 2016 GZNU See GNUG. Guizhou China Gu et al. 2012 National Kweiyang Medical College, Division of Biology, Kweiyang. Note: NKMC Guizhou China F&E Kottelat 2013 present status unknown. Zunyi Medical College, Department of Biology, Zunyi. Obsolete as: TMC. ZMC Guizhou China F&E Frost 2016 Current as: ZMC (herps). Also as: ZMCZ. ZMCZ See ZMC. Guizhou China Kottelat 2012:13 Guizhou Normal University, Animal Specimen Room of the School of Life Deng et al. 2016, Jiang Zhou GNUG Sciences, Guiyang. Obsolete as: GZNU (herps). Current as: GNUG. Also Guizhou China pers. comm. 2016 as: GZNULS (entomology). TMC See ZMC. Guizhou China Zhou et al. 1982 HAINNU Department of Biology, Hainan Normal University, Haikou. Hainan China Frost 2016 Godefroit et al. 2011, Georgalis GMH Geological Museum of Heilongjiang, Harbin. Current as: GMH (fossils). Heilongjiang China & Joyce 2017 Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Kottelat 2012:12, Xing et al. HFRI Heilongjiang China Sciences, Harbin. Obsolete as: HRFRI. Current as: HFRI (fishes). 2015 http://www.cafs.ac.cn/english/m HRFRI See HFRI. Heilongjiang China ap1-4.html North Manchurian Museum, Harbin. Note: museum listed by Leviton et al. NMMH Heilongjiang China L85 F&E 1985:813 presumably refers to the Heilongjiang Provincial Museum. HENNU See HNNU. Henan China Frost 2016 Henan Biological Specimen Museum, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal HNNU University, Xinxiang. Formerly: Xinxiang Normal College (XNC) ca. Henan China Wang et al. 2015 1956–1985. Also as: HENNU (amphibians). Henan University of Science and Technology Museum, Luoyang. Formerly: HSTUM Henan China Xiong et al. 2011 Luoyang Institute of Technology (1952–2002). Current as: HSTUM (herps). XNC See HNNU. Henan China Frost 2016 CUHK See MSLH. Hong Kong China Lau et al. 2003 Hong Kong Fisheries Research Station, Aberdeen. Note: formerly with HKFRS Hong Kong China L85 F&E University of Hong Kong, Department of Zoology (1952-1960). KFBG Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Hong Kong. Current as: KFBG (herps). Hong Kong China Yang 2015 MSL See MSLH. Hong Kong China Fricke 1981 Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, Department of Biology, Chinese MSLH University of Hong Kong (CUHK). Formerly: Marine Science Laboratory Hong Kong China L85 F&E (MSL) from 1970–2002. Stephen Hui Geological Museum, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Hong SHGM Hong Kong China Tse et al. 2015 Kong. Current as: SHGM (fossils). See also: SWIMS. Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Cape SWIMS d'Aguilar Road, Shek O, Hong Kong. Note: division of Hong Kong University Hong Kong China Frable et al. 2018 School of Biological Science. Current as: SWIMS (fishes). See also: SHGM. College of Fishery, Huazhong Agriculture Collection, Huazhong Agricultural HACW Hubei China F&E Kottelat 2012:12 University, Wuhan. IHASW See IHB. Hubei China F&E Ferraris 2007 Museum for Aquatic Organisms, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Academia Sinica], Wuhan. Includes: specimens from Zhuhai Fisheries Science Research Institute (ZX). Note: established in 1950 via Tang et al. 2013, Li & Li 2014, IHB Hubei China F&E merger involving Institute of Zoology of Academia Sinica located in Shanghai Gong et al. 2018 (ZIAS); relocated to Wuhan in 1954. Obsolete as: IHASW, IHBCAS, IHCAS. Current as: IHB (fishes). IHBCAS See IHB. Hubei China Borkenhagen 2014 IHCAS See IHB. Hubei China F&E Yichang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Yichang. Current as: Tapanila & Pruitt 2013, YIGM Hubei China YIGM (fossils). Georgalis & Joyce 2017 FRIHP Fisheries Research Institute, Changsha. Hunan China F&E Management Bureau of Hunan Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Shimen HHNNR Hunan China Kang et al. 2016 County. Current as: HHNNR (fishes). HNNU See HNUL. Hunan China Frost 2016 HNNUL See HNUL. Hunan China Frost 2016 HNU See HNUL. Hunan China Wallach et al. 2014 Zoological Museum of Hunan Normal University, Changsha. Also as: HNU, HNUL Hunan China Yang et al. 2014 HNNU, HNNUL. IMM Inner Mongolia Museum, Hohhot. Inner Mongolia China Sullivan & Robinson 2015 Long Hao Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Hohhot. Current as: LH V LH Inner Mongolia China Allain et al. 2014 (vertebrate fossils). FFRIJ Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing. Jiangsu China Kottelat 2012:12 JS See FFRIJ. Jiangsu China F&E Nanjing Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Academia Sinica], Nanjing. MMNHN Jiangsu China F&E Kottelat 2012:13, Kottelat 2013 Formerly: Metropolitan Museum of Natural History. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of MV Jiangsu China Dong et al. 2013 Sciences [Academia Sinica]. Current as: MV (fossils). NGI See NIGLAS. Jiangsu China F&E Kottelat 2012:13 NIG See NIGLAS. Jiangsu China F&E Kottelat 2013 NIGL See NIGLAS. Jiangsu China F&E Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of NIGLAS Sciences, Nanjing. Formerly: Academia Sinica, Geographic Institute of China Jiangsu China F&E (1940-1953). Obsolete as: NIG, NIGL, NGI. Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing. Obsolete as: NNC, NNU (herps). NJNU Jiangsu China Yan et al. 2016 Current as: NJNU (herps). Also as: NJNUh (herps). NJNUh See NJNU. Jiangsu China Guo et al. 2015 NNC See NJNU. Jiangsu China Zhou et al. 1982 NNU See NJNU. Jiangsu China Ji et al. 2009 National Research Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences NRIBAS [Academia Sinica], Nanjing. Formerly: Museum of the Biological Laboratory Jiangsu China F&E Kottelat 2012:13 of the Science Society of China (SSCN), established in 1922. Also as: SSCN. SSCN See NRIBAS. Jiangsu China F&E Kottelat 2012:13 CUST Museum of Jilin University, Changchun. Current as: CUST (fossils). Jilin China Godefroit et al. 2011 CYH Chaoyang Bird Fossil National Geopark, Chaoyang, Liaoning. Liaoning China Dong et al. 2013 Dalian Fisheries Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian. Also known DFI Liaoning China F&E as: Liaoning Marine Fisheries Research Institute. Dalian Natural History Museum, Dalian. Current as: DLNM (herps). Also as: DLNM Liaoning China Zhu et al. 2014 DMNH, DNHM, DNM D (fossils). DMNH See DLNM. Liaoning China Wang et al. 2015 DNHM See DLNM. Liaoning China Chiappe et al. 2014 DNM See DLNM. Liaoning China Dong et al. 2013 LPM See PMOL. Liaoning China Dong et al. 2013 Paleontological Museum of Liaoning, Shenyang. Note: museum on campus of Shenyang Normal University. Obsolete as: LMP (Liaoning Paleontology PMOL Liaoning China Hu et al. 2012, Rabi et al. 2013 Museum). Current as: PMOL (fossils), PMOL-SGP (Sino-German Cooperation Project, fossils). RIFFL Research Institute for Freshwater Fisheries of Liaoning Province, Liaoyang. Liaoning China F&E Arai et al. 1995 SYNU Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang. Current as: SYNU (herps). Liaoning China Qi et al. 2018 NXU Ningxia University, Yinchuan. Ningxia Hui China Zhu et al. 2014 Nguyen et al. 2009, Kottelat NPIB See NWIPB. Qinghai China L85 F&E 2012:13 Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining. Wang et al. 2016, Shi et al. NWIPB Qinghai China Obsolete as: NPIB. Current as: NWIPB. 2018 DBSNU See IZSNU. Shaanxi China Frost 2016 Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an. Current as: IZSNU. IZSNU Shaanxi China Also as: DBSNU (Department of Biology), SNUIZ (fishes). Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an [Xian]. Also known as: Northwest Institute of Endangered Zoological Species. Note: established in 1978 based Iverson 1992:ix, Kottelat IZSX Shaanxi China on Shaanxi Institute of Biology and the SAS Survey Team for Qinling 2012:12 Biological Resources. Also as: SIZ (herps). Department of Forest Insects, Northwest College of Forestry [presumably at NCF Shaanxi China Wallach et al. 2014 Northwest University], Xi'an [Xian]. SIZ See IZSX. Shaanxi China Iverson 1992:ix SNUIZ See IZSNU. Shaanxi China F&E ASIO See IOCAS. Shandong China L85 F&E Kottelat 2013 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao. Formerly: IOCAS Nanhai Oceanographic Institute. Current as: IOCAS (fishes). Also as: ASIO, Shandong China F&E MBMCAS (Marine Biological Museum), NOI. NOI See IOCAS. Shandong China F&E OUC Ocean University of China [Haida], Qingdao. Shandong China Kottelat 2013 STM Shandong Tianyu Museum of Nature, Pingyi. Current as: STM (fossils). Shandong China Chiap Ludong University, Yantai. Formerly: Yantai Normal College (1958–1984) YT Shandong China Frost 2016 and University (1984–2006). Laboratory of the Biology Department, Shanghai Science Institute, Shanghai. BDSSI Shanghai China Kottelat 2013 Note: present status unknown. DHFRI Dong Hai [Donghai] Fishery Research Institute, Shanghai. Shanghai China F&E Kottelat 2013 DHFRIS See DHFRI. Shanghai China Davie 2002 East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery ECSFI Shanghai China F&E Kottelat 2013 Science (CAFS), Shanghai. FDU See FU. Shanghai China Nguyen et al. 2009 Fudan University, Department of Biology, Shanghai. In error as: Fujian FU University (Wallach et al. 2014; holotype of Trimeresurus tibetanus is from Shanghai China L85 Wallach et al. 2014, Frost 2014 Fudan University). Also as: FDU (herps). Motomura et al. 2001, Ho et al. SFC See SFU. Shanghai China F&E 2013 Shanghai Ocean University (SHOU, SOU), Shanghai. Formerly: Shanghai Kimura et al. 2005, Kume & SFU Fisheries College (SFC, 1952–1985), Shanghai Fisheries University (SFU, Shanghai China F&E Yoshino 2008 1985–2008). Obsolete as: SFC. Current as: SFU. SMNH See SNHM. Shanghai China David et al. 2007 SMNHC See SNHM. Shanghai China Wallach et al. 2014 Shanghai Natural History Museum, Jing'an, Shanghai. Note: established in 1956 based on collections from the Xujiahui Museum founded in 1868 SNHM (renamed Zhendan Museum in 1933) and Shanghai Museum of the Asiatic Shanghai China F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Society founded in 1874; SNHM merged with Shanghai Science and Technology Museum in 2001. Also as: SMNH, SMNHC SOU See SFC. Shanghai China Kottelat 2012:13 ZIAS See IHB. Shanghai China L85 CCCGS See LPV. Sichuan China Lui et al. 2017 Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Academia Nguyen et al. 2009, Xiong et al. Sinica], Chengdu. Formerly: Sichuan Biological Research Institute (SBRI). CIB Sichuan China L85 F&E 2012, Blanck et al. 2017, Shi et Obsolete as: CIS, SBRI, SERI, SIBAC (Southwest Institute of Biology), ZS al. 2018 (herps). Current as: CIB. CIGMRC See LPV. Sichuan China Yuwen 1984 CIS See CIB. Sichuan China Wallach et al. 2014 Wallach et al. 2014, Wang et al. CWNU China West Normal University, Nanchong. Current as: CWNU (herps). Sichuan China 2015 Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources (CIGMRC), Chengdu. LPV Also known as: Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey (CCCGS). Sichuan China Wen et al. 2012 Current as: LPV (Luoping County Vertebrate fossil collection). MSINR See SPNRI. Sichuan China F&E Ferraris 2007, Kottelat 2012:12 SAU See SICAU. Sichuan China Zhou et al. 2011 SAUS See SICAU. Sichuan China F&E SBRI See CIB. Sichuan China Wallach et al. 2014 SCNU See SNC. Sichuan China Hou et al. 2017 Bain et al. 2009, Wallach et al. Sichuan University Museum, Chengdu. Formerly: West China Union SCUM Sichuan China 2014, Zhu et al. 2014, Wang et University Museum (WCUUM). Obsolete as: WCUUM. Current as: SCUM. al. 2015 SERI See CIB. Sichuan China Wallach et al. 2014 SIBAC See CIB. Sichuan China L85 Wallach et al. 2014 Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an. Formerly: Sichuan Agricultural SICAU College (1956–1985). Note: SICAU with three campuses in Chengdu, Ya'an Sichuan China Zhu et al. 2014 and Dujiangyan. Obsolete as: SAUS. Current as: SICAU. Also as: SAU. Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu. Formerly: Sichuan Teachers College SNC Sichuan China F&E (1952–1985). Current as: SNC (fishes). Also as: SCNU (herps). Sichuan Provincial Natural Resources Research Institute, Chengdu. Also as: SPNRI Sichuan China F&E Ferraris 2007, Kottelat 2012:13 MSINR. WCUUM See SCUM. Sichuan China L85 Wallach et al. 2014, Guo et al. YBU Yibin University, College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Yibin. Sichuan China 2014, Zhu et al. 2014 ZS See CIB. Sichuan China Nguyen et al. 2009 Nankai University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, NUMZ Tianjin China F&E Department of Environmental Science, Museum of Zoology, Tianjin. Tianjin Natural History Museum, Tianjin. Formerly: Musée Hoang-ho Pai-ho, TNZ Tianjin China F&E founded in 1914. FACQR See FAQ. Yunnan China Kottelat 2012:12 FAQ Fisheries Administration of Qujing, Qujing. Yunnan China F&E Heilongtan Reservoir Administration, Shilin County. Also as: RHLCY, RHS, HRA Yunnan China F&E HRSC, HRAS. HRAS See HRA. Yunnan China Kottelat 2012:12 Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming. Nguyen et al. 2009, Nguyen et KIZ Yunnan China L85 F&E Current as: KIZ (fishes & herps). al. 2013 MSTFM Middle School of the Third Factory Machinery, Luliang, Qujing. Yunnan China F&E MZYU See YU. Yunnan China F&E QAMS Qujing Aquatic Management Station, Qujing. Also as: YQAMS. Yunnan China F&E RHLCY See HRA. Yunnan China F&E RHS See HRA. Yunnan China F&E Southwest Forestry University, Museum of Zoology, Kunming. Formerly: SFU Southwest Forestry College (SWFC). Obsolete as: SWFC, SWUF. Current Yunnan China Kang et al. 2016 as: SFU (fishes). Zhou et al. 2011, Kottelat SWFC See SFU. Yunnan China F&E 2012:13 SWUF See SFU. Yunnan China F&E YNUK Yunnan Normal University, Biology Department, Kunming. Obsolete as: YU. Yunnan China Jäger & Yin 2001 YQAMS See QAMS. Yunnan China F&E Yunnan University, Department of Biology, Kunming. Formerly: Private Nguyen et al. 2009, Kottelat YU University of the Eastern Land (1922-1934). Current as: YU (herps). Also Yunnan China L85 F&E 2013, Frost 2016 as: MZYU. See also: YNUK (separate institution) HTC Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou. Zhejiang China Frost 2016 HU See ZJU. Zhejiang China Frost 2016 Laboratory of Fishes, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan [Chusan]. LFZFC Zhejiang China Kottelat 2012:12 Formerly: Zhejiang Fisheries College. WLMH See ZPM. Zhejiang China F&E Zhejiang University [Che Kiang University], Hangzhou. Includes: three historical universities, Hangzhou University, Zhejiang Agricultural University ZJU Zhejiang China Zhu et al. 2014 and Zhejian Medical University; combined with Zhejiang University in 1998. Current as: ZJU (reptiles). Also as: HU (amphibians). Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou. Formerly: West Lake Kottelat 2012:13, Dong et al. ZMNH Museum (1929–1952), Zhejiang Provincial Museum (1952–1984). Obsolete Zhejiang China F&E 2013, Frost 2016 as: WLMH, ZPM. Current as: ZMNH (fishes & herps), ZMNH M (fossils). ZPM See ZMNH. Zhejiang China Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Roa-Fuentes et al. 2010, CIACOL See SINCHI. Amazonas Colombia DoNascimiento et al. 2017 Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas SINCHI, Leticia. Current Acosta-Santos et al. 2016, SINCHI as: CIACOL (fishes, Colección Ictiológica de la Amazonía Colombiana), Amazonas Colombia Passos et al. 2018 SINCHI-R (reptiles). Also as: SINCHI-CIACOL (fishes). SINCHI-CIACOL See SINCHI. Amazonas Colombia Crampton et al. 2016 Colección de Ictiología del Instituto de Biología de la Universidad de Agudelo-Zamora et al. 2009, Antioquia, Medellín. Note: collection separate from Museo Universitario, Donald Taphorn pers. comm. CIUA Antioquia Colombia Universidade de Antioquia (MUA). Current as: CIUA (fishes). See also: MUA 2010,Henry Agudelo pers. (fishes), MHUA (herps). comm. 2017 Colección de Peces, Universidad Católica de Oriente, Rionegro. Current as: CP-UCO Antioquia Colombia Jaramillo-Villa et al. 2008 CP-UCO (fishes). Colegio de San José, Museo de Historia Natural, Medellín. Note: currently Wallach et al. 2014, Grant & administered by Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano (ITM), Biodiversidad y CSJ Antioquia Colombia L85 Bolívar 2014, Henry Agudelo Recursos Naturales. Current as: CSJ-I (fishes), CSJ-h (herps). Also as: pers. comm. 2017 MHN-CSJ. MHNCSJ See CSJ. Antioquia Colombia Pinto et al. 2010 Museo de Herpetología de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. Note: Daza et al. 2009, Rivera-Correa established in 1998 and administered by Grupo Herpetológico de Antioquia MHUA Antioquia Colombia et al. 2013, Ortiz-Yusty et al. (GHA). Current as: MHUA-A (amphibians), MHUA-R (reptiles), MHUA-L 2015 (larvae). See also: CIUA (fishes), MUA (fishes). Colección de Ciencias Naturales, Museo Universitario, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. Note: collection separate from Colección de Ictiología, Henry Agudelo pers. comm. MUA Antioquia Colombia Universidad de Antioquia (CIUA). Current as: MUA (fishes). Also as: MUUA. 2017 See also: CIUA (fishes), MHUA (herps). Henry Agudelo pers. comm. MUUA See MUA. Antioquia Colombia 2017 Private collection of Carlos A. Ardila Rodríguez, Barranquilla. Current as: Netto-Ferreira et al. 2011, CAR Atlántico Colombia F&E CAR (fishes). Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2013 Colegio Biffi La Salle, Barranquilla. Note: small natural history collection assembled in the early to mid 1900s by Brothers of the De La Salle religious Pinto et al. 2010, Wallach et al. CBB Atlántico Colombia order; part of collection lost during transport to new building; current status 2014 unknown. museo de colecciones científicas, programa de Biología, Universidad del Garcia-Alzate et al. 2015, UARC Atlántico Colombia Atlántico [Uniatlántico], Barranquilla. Current as: UARC-IC (fishes) Morales & Garcia-Alzate 2016 Centro de Investigaciones Pesqueras, Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales Renovables y del Ambiente (INDERENA), Cartagena. Note: INDERENA is government environmental agency created in 1968 and Aguilera et al. 1983, Henry CIP Bolívar Colombia F&E replaced by Ministerio del Medio Ambiente in 1993; CIP transfered to the Agudelo pers. comm. 2017 Instituto Nacional de Pesca y Acuicultura (INPA) in 1990; collections lost or status unknown. See also: IND, Bogotá. Colección privada de la Fundación Santa Teresa de Ávila, Villa de Leyva. CFSTA Boyacá Colombia Páramo Fonseca 2015 Current as: CFSTA (fossils). Colección privada del Centro de Investigaciones Paleontológicas, Villa de CIP Boyacá Colombia Páramo Fonseca 2015 Leyva. Current as: CIP (fossils). Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Villa de Leyva. Includes: amphibian collection from Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales Renovables y del Ambiente (IND-AM); freshwater fishes DoNascimiento et al. 2016, (including types of Corydoras ) originally deposited at Museo del Mar (MM), Carlos DoNascimiento pers. IAvH Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano (UBJTL) and later transferred to Boyacá Colombia F&E comm. 2016 & 2017, Frost INVEMAR (some apparently lost during transfers). Obsolete as: IAVHP 2016, Arbeláez-Cortés et al. (fishes). Current as: IAvH-CB (Colecciones Biológicas), IAvH-CT (tissue 2017 collection), IAvH-P (fishes), IAvH-Am (amphibians), IAvH-R (reptiles). See also: INVEMAR. de Santana & Cox Fernandes IAVHP See IAVH. Boyacá Colombia 2012:283 Museo de la Junta de Acción Comunal de la vereda Monquirá, Villa de Leyva. MJACM Boyacá Colombia Páramo Fonseca 2015 Current as: MJACM (fossils) Colecciones paleontológicas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Villa de UN MPVL Boyacá Colombia Páramo Fonseca 2015 Leyva. Current as: UN MPVL (fossils). See also: ICNMHN. Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales. Current as: MHN-UCa Caldas Colombia Zuluaga-Isaza et al. 2015 MHN-UCa (herps). Also as: MHNUC (herps). MHNUC See MHN-UCa. Caldas Colombia Sánchez-Pacheco et al. 2011 Henry Agudelo pers. comm. UAM Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad de la Amazonía, Florencia. Caquetá Colombia 2017, Passos et al. 2018 CR PNNG See PNNG. Cauca Colombia Mejía-Ladino et al. 2009 Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Cauca, Popayán. Obsolete Lehmann & Reis 2004, Ayerbe MHNUC as: UCP. Current as: MHNUC (fishes), MHNUC-Cr (Crocodylia), MHNUC-Te Cauca Colombia F&E González et al. 2007 (Testudinata), MHNUC-Sa (Sauria), MHNUC-Se (Serpentes). Acero & Franke 1993, Rojas & MMGPe See PNNG. Cauca Colombia F&E Zapata 2006 Colección de Referencia del Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona, Estación PNNG Científica "Henry von Prahl", Isla Gorgona. Current as: MMGPe (fishes, Cauca Colombia Mejía-Ladino et al. 2009 Museo Marino Gorgona Peces). Also as: CR PNNG. UCP See MHNUC. Cauca Colombia L85 Wallach et al. 2014 CHbCH See UTCH. Chocó Colombia Palacios Valdes et al. 2015 COLZOOCH-H See UTCH. Chocó Colombia Renteria-Moreno et al. 2012 Colección Científica de Referencia Zoológica del Chocó, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó (UTCH), Quibdó. Current as: CHbCH (fishes, UTCH Chocó Colombia Renteria-Moreno et al. 2012 Colección Hidrobiológica), COLZOOCH-H (herps, administered by Grupo de Investigaciones en Herpetología) Museo de Historia Natural Andes, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Andrew J. Crawford, pers. ANDES Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá. Obsolete as: ULAB. Current as: ANDES- Distrito Capital Colombia comm. 2012 A (amphibians), ANDES-R (non-avian reptiles), ANDES-I (fishes). DON See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Fischer et al. 2016 I.C.N.B. See ICN-MHN. Distrito Capital Colombia Schultz & Miles 1943 Londoño-Burbano et al. 2011, ICN See ICN-MHN. Distrito Capital Colombia Rivera-Correa et al. 2016 Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. Note: zoological collections began in 1938, fish collection in 1941. Includes: fishes collected by Cecil Miles and George Mojica & Castellanos 2009, ICN-MHN Distrito Capital Colombia F&E Dahl. Obsolete as: I.C.N.B. (Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Bogotá), Mojica & Agudelo-Zamora 2018 ICNMNH, ICN/MHN, ICNMHN, MHN-UNC, MHNUNC. Current as: ICN-MHN (fishes), ICN (herps), UN ICNMHNR (fossils). See also: UN MPVL (fossils). Ferraris 2007, Acero & Franke ICNMHN See ICN-MHN. Distrito Capital Colombia L&G F&E 1993, Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2013, Páramo Fonseca 2015 ICNMNH See ICN-MHN. Distrito Capital Colombia L85 L&G F&E IGM See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Antoine et al. 2013 IGMp See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Carrillo-Briceño et al. 2016 ILS See MLS. Distrito Capital Colombia Wallach et al. 2014 Laboratoria de Fauna, Division de Fauna Terrestre, Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales Renovables y del Ambiente (INDERENA), Bogotá. Note: government environmental agency created in 1968 and replaced by IND Distrito Capital Colombia L&G Wallach et al. 2014, Frost 2016 Ministerio del Medio Ambiente in 1993; amphibian collection (IND-AM) transferred to Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH-Am). See also: CIP, Cartagena. ING See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Grande 2010 INIGM See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Wallach et al. 2014 Henry Agudelo pers. comm. Serpentario del Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá. Current as: INS-SR INS-SR Distrito Capital Colombia 2017, Juan Pablo Hurtado pers. (herps). comm. 2018 IPN-EAC See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Cadena et al. 2013 IPN/MGJRG See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Cadena & Joyce 2015 Colección de Referencia del Museo de Ciencias, Universidad El Bosque, Henry Agudelo pers. comm. MCUB Distrito Capital Colombia Bogotá. Current as: MCUB-R-PE (fishes), MCUB-R-RE (herps). 2017 MGJRG See SGC. Distrito Capital Colombia Cadena et al. 2013 MHN-UNC See ICN-MHN. Distrito Capital Colombia F&E MHNUNC See ICN-MHN. Distrito Capital Colombia F&E Thomerson 1974, Lynch 1994 Museo de Historia Natural de La Salle, Bogotá. Note: original collection Villa-Navarro et al. 2006, Ballen MLS destroyed by fire 9–10 Apr 1948. Obsolete as: ILS (Instituto de La Salle). Distrito Capital Colombia L85 2012, Wallach et al. 2014, Current as: MLS (fishes & herps). Jiménez et al. 2015 MM See INVEMAR. Distrito Capital Colombia F&E Aguilera et al. 1983 Museo Javeriano de Historia Natural "Lorenzo Uribe, S.J.", Pontifica MPUJ Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá. Current as: MPUJ (fishes). Also as: MUJ Distrito Capital Colombia F&E Ortega-Lara et al. 2011 (herps). MUD Museo de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Bogotá. Distrito Capital Colombia Mantilla-Meluk & Baker 2010 Prudente & Passos 2008, MUJ See MPUJ. Distrito Capital Colombia Sánchez-Pacheco et al. 2011 Museo Geológico José Royo y Gómez, Instituto de Investigaciones en Geociencias, Minería y Química, Servicio Geológico Colombiano [formerly INGEOMINAS], Bogotá. Also known as: Museo Geológico Nacional; Geological Survey of Colombia. Formerly: Instituto Nacional de SGC Distrito Capital Colombia Páramo Fonseca 2015 Investigaciones Geológico Mineras (1968–1991). Obsolete as: ING, INIGM (fossils). Current as: SGC (fossils) followed by a variety of collection codes (e.g., DON, IGMp, IPN, MP, OB, RB, VL). Also as: DON (fossils), IGM, IGMp (fossil sharks), IPN-EAC, MGJRG IPN and IPN/MGJRG (fossil turtles). UBJTL See INVEMAR. Distrito Capital Colombia F&E Bogotá-Gregory & Maldonado- UBJTLMM See INVEMAR. Distrito Capital Colombia Ocampo 2006:56 ULAB See ANDES. Distrito Capital Colombia L85 UN ICNMHNR See ICN-MHN. Distrito Capital Colombia Páramo Fonseca 2015 Polanco Fernández & Fernholm INV PEC See INVEMAR. Magdalena Colombia 2014 Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras "José Benito Vives de Andréis", Museo de Historia Natural Marina de Colombia (MHNMC), Rodadero Sur, Santa Marta. Formerly: Instituto Colombo-Alemán de Investigaciones Smith-Vaniz 1980, Acero & Científicas Punta de Betín (ICAL) from 1963–1974, and Colección de Franke 1993, Mok et al. 2001, Referencia de Organismos Marinos del Invemar (CRM) from 1974–1994. Caldas A. et al. 2009, Polanco Includes: marine fishes from Colección del Museo del Mar (MM), INVEMAR Magdalena Colombia L85 F&E et al. 2009, Marceniuk et al. Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano (UBJTL; some apparently lost 2012, Polanco 2016, Andrea during transfer); marine fishes from INDERENA (received from IAvH). Polanco pers. comm. 2013 & Current as: INVEMAR PEC (fishes cited in publications) and INVPEC 2017 (specimen labels and publications). Also as: INVEMAR, INVEMAR-P, INVEMAR-PEC & INV-PEC (fishes), MHNMC (IAvH registry). See also: IAvH (freshwater fishes from MM/UBJTL). MHNMC See INVEMAR. Magdalena Colombia Ibagón et al. 2010 PSO-CZ Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Nariño, San Juan de Pasto. Nariño Colombia Sánchez-Pacheco et al. 2011 CSJP Colégio San José de Pamplona, Pamplona. Also as: SJP. Norte de Santander Colombia Wallach et al. 2014 SJP See CSJP. Norte de Santander Colombia Wallach et al. 2014 Henry Agudelo pers. comm. HERPETOS-UQ See UQ. Quindío Colombia 2017 Ferraris 2007, Taphorn et al. IUQ See UQ. Quindío Colombia F&E 2013 Universidad del Quindío, Armenia. Current as: IUQ (fishes, Laboratorio de Ferraris 2007, Taphorn et al. UQ Ictiología, Departamento de Biología), HERPETOS-UQ (herps, Centro de Quindío Colombia F&E 2013, Henry Agudelo pers. Estudios e Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología [CIBUQ]). comm. 2017 Colección Ictiológica de César A. Castellanos-Corporación Autónoma para la CAC-CDMB Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga. Current as: CAC- Santander Colombia F&E Castellanos-Morales 2010 CDMB (fishes). MCG Museo del Colegio San José de Guanentá, San Gil. Santander Colombia Wallach et al. 2014 Castellanos-Morales 2008, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga. Current as: UIS-T UIS Santander Colombia F&E Torres-Mejia et al. 2012, (fishes), UIS-R (reptiles). Also as: UIST (fishes). Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2013 UIS-R See UIS. Santander Colombia Meza-Joya 2015 UIST See UIS. Santander Colombia Colección Zoológica, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué. Current as: CZUT-IC Ballen 2012, Vanegas-Ríos et CZUT Tolima Colombia F&E (fishes). al. 2013 CD See UVC. Valle del Cauca Colombia Grant & Bolívar 2014 CIRUV See UVC. Valle del Cauca Colombia F&E Ibagón et al. 2010 E.S.A.T. See IMCN. Valle del Cauca Colombia Miles 1943, Schultz & Miles 1943 de Santana & Maldonado- ICMN See IMCN. Valle del Cauca Colombia F&E Ocampo 2005 Colección Zoológica de Referencia Cientifica, Museo de Ciencias Naturales Federico Carlos Lehmann Valencia del INCIVA, Cali. Formerly: Museo Departamental de Historia Natural de Cali (1963–1974). Includes: some of Cecil Miles' fishes from Museo Ictiológico de la Escuela Superior de Agricultura Tropical (E.S.A.T.), Cali, and Facultad de Agronomía del Vanegas-Ríos et al. 2013, J.A. Departamento del Valle del Cauca, Palmira (now part of Universidad Nacional Vanegas-Ríos pers. comm. de Colombia); Miles' collection largely lost due to flood in 1980 and IMCN Valle del Cauca Colombia F&E 2013, Jiménez-Prado et al. subsequent burial (48 lots unearthed in 1983 and eventually returned to 2015, Ortega-Lara et al. 2009, IMCN). Note: Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Cali and Jardín Botánico Juan Ardila Rodríguez 2018 María Céspedes merged in 1979 to form Instituto Vallecaucano de Investigaciones Científicas (INCIVA), renamed Instituto para la Investigación y Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca in 2000 (abbreviation INCIVA retained). In error as: ICMN (fishes). Current as: IMCN (fishes). Also as: INCIVA (fishes). UV See UVC. Valle del Cauca Colombia L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 UV-C See UVC. Valle del Cauca Colombia Sánchez-Pacheco et al. 2011 Universidad del Valle (Univalle), Cali. Note: herps in teaching collection Sheil & Grant 2001, Llano-Mejía sometimes cited as CD (Colección Vertebrados de Docencia), separate from UVC Valle del Cauca Colombia et al. 2010, Wallach et al. 2014, UVC (Coleccion de Anfibios y Reptiles). Obsolete as: UV, UV-C. Current as: Frost 2016 CIRUV (fishes, Colección Ictiológica de Referencia), UVC (herps). Centre de Recherche en Hydrobiologie, Uvira [formerly in Zaire]. Current CRH Sud-Kivu Congo (DRC) F&E Van Steenberge et al. 2011 as: CRH (fishes). Also as: CRHU. CRHU See CRH. Sud-Kivu Congo (DRC) F&E Private collection of Alejandro Solórzano, Serpentario Nacional de Costa Rica, ASL San José Costa Rica Daza et al. 2009 San José. Instituto "Clodomiro Picado", research unit of Universidad de Costa Rica, ICP San José Costa Rica Daza et al. 2009 Coronado. Also as: MICP (herps) MICP See ICP. San José Costa Rica Wallach et al. 2014 MNCR Museo Nacional de Costa Rica, San José. San José Costa Rica L85 Wallach et al. 2014 MZUCR See UCR. San José Costa Rica Bessesen & Galbreath 2017 Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Savage et al. 2013, Angulo & UCR Pedro de Montes de Oca. Current as: UCR (fishes & herps). Also as: MZUCR San José Costa Rica L85 F&E Gracian-Negrete 2013, Angulo (herps). et al. 2016 LHUC Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie, UFR Biosciences, Université de Cocody, Abidjan. Côte d'Ivoire F&E UACI Universite Nationale de Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan. Obsolete as: UAIC. Côte d'Ivoire L&G UAIC See UACI. Côte d'Ivoire L85 L&G IORD Oceanographic and Fisheries Institute, Dubrovnik. Current as: IORD (fishes). Dubrovnik-Neretva Croatia Holčík et al. 2004 NHMD Dubrovnik Natural History Museum, Dubrovnik. Dubrovnik-Neretva Croatia Lazar et al. 2008 Centar za istraživanje mora, Institut Ruđer Bošković [Center for Marine Research, Rudjer Boskovic Institute], Rovinj. Also known as: Center for Marine Research Rovinj and Rovinj Marine Station. Note: established in 1891 Zavodnik 1995, Zavodnik et al. CMRI as field station of Berlin Zoological Garden and Aquarium; original institute Istria Croatia 2001 demolished and collections transferred to Italy during WWII with historical specimens extant at Stazione Idrobiologica, Chioggia. Current as: CMRI (fishes). Also as: CMRR (bryozoans). CMRR See CMRI. Istria Croatia Hayward & McKinney 2002 Holčík et al. 2004, Lazar et al. NHMR See PMR. Primorje-Gorski Kotar Croatia 2008 Prirodoslovni muzej Rijeka [Natural History Museum Rijeka], Rijeka. Current Mustafić et al. 2008, Kovačić & PMR Primorje-Gorski Kotar Croatia F&E as: PMR. Also as: NHMR (herps), PMR VP (fishes). Bogorodsky 2013 IOR See SE-IOR. Split-Dalmatia Croatia Dulčić & Dragičević 2014 Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split. Current as: SE-IOR (fishes). SE-IOR Split-Dalmatia Croatia Dulčić et al. 2018 Also as: IOR (fishes). CBSS See CPZM. Zagreb Croatia Stoev et al. 2015 Zupančič & Bogutskaya 2002, CNHM See CPZM. Zagreb Croatia F&E Lazar et al. 2008, Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Hrvatski prirodoslovni muzej [Croatian Natural History Museum], Zagreb. Includes: Hrvatski narodni zoološki muzej (HZM) [Croatian National Zoological Museum] and Geološko-paleontološki muzej [Geological- CPZM Palaeontological Museum], both descended from Narodni muzej [National Zagreb Croatia L85 F&E Holčík et al. 2004 Museum] established in 1846; Croatian Biospeleological Society Collection (CBSS); personal collection of Primož Zupančič (PZC). Obsolete as: HZM. Current as: CPZM (fishes). Also as: CNHM (fishes, herps, fossils). HZM See CPZM. Zagreb Croatia F&E Mrakovčić et al. 1996 Zoologijski zavod, Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet, Sveučilišta u Zagrebu [Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb], Zagrebu. PMF Zagreb Croatia F&E Mustafić et al. 2008 Obsolete as: ZU, ZZSZ. Current as: PMF (fishes). Also as: ZIUZ (fishes & herps). PZC See CPZM. Zagreb Croatia Zupančič & Bogutskaya 2002 ZIUZ See PMF. Zagreb Croatia L85 Holčík et al. 2004, Frost 2016 ZU See PMF. Zagreb Croatia Zupančič & Bogutskaya 2002 ZZSZ See PMF. Zagreb Croatia F&E Mrakovčić et al. 1996 Hrvatsko društvo za biološka istraživanja [Croatian Biological Research HDBI Croatia Bogutskaya et al. 2017 Society], Croatian Institute for Biodiversity, Zagrebu. Current as: HDBI. Museo de Historia Natural Carlos de la Torre y Huerta, Holguín. Current as: MHNCT Holguín Cuba Ortiz & Bertani 2005 MHNCT. Also as: MHNH (herps). MHNH See MHNCT. Holguín Cuba Díaz et al. 2005 Acuario Nacional de Cuba, La Habana [Havana]. Includes: fish collection Ortiz et al. 2012, Faloh- from Centro de Colecciones Naturales Marinas (CCNM), Instituto de Gandarilla et al. 2016, Orozco- ANC Oceanología, Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, La Habana (IdO, IOH) La Habana Cuba Llerena & Gutiérrez de Los transferred in 2005. Current as: ANC (fishes, Colección de Peces), IdO Reyes 2016 (fishes, Instituto de Oceanología). ANC See IOH. La Habana Cuba F&E CARE Private collection of Alberto R. Estrada, La Habana [Havana]. La Habana Cuba Díaz et al. 2005, Frost 2016 Orozco-Llerena & Gutiérrez de CCNM See ANC. La Habana Cuba Los Reyes 2016 Díaz & Hedges 2008, Wallach et CTR See CZACC. La Habana Cuba al. 2014 Colecciones Zoológicas de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática (IES), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente (CITMA), La Habana [Havana]. Includes: Charles T. Ramsden Chamizo Lara et al. 2005, Díaz hepetological collection (CTR); herps from Orlando H. Garrido. Note: created CZACC La Habana Cuba & Hedges 2008, García- in 1987 to house specimens formerly in Instituto de Zoología (IZ or IZAC) Rodríguez et al. 2016 and its predecessor, Instituto de Biología (IB); IB & IZ specimens recataloged with new CZACC numbers. Current as: CZACC (herps). Also as: IES (herps) & IZAC (fishes). Departamento de Zoologia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, DZUH La Habana Cuba F&E Universidad de La Habana, La Habana [Havana]. See also: MFP. IB See CZACC. La Habana Cuba Chamizo Lara et al. 2005 Orozco-Llerena & Gutiérrez de IdO See ANC. La Habana Cuba Los Reyes 2016 Díaz et al. 2005, Chamizo Lara IES See CZACC. La Habana Cuba et al. 2005, Wallach et al. 2014 IOH See ANC. La Habana Cuba L85 F&E Garrido et al. 2008 IZ See CZACC. La Habana Cuba Chamizo Lara et al. 2005 IZAC See CZACC. La Habana Cuba L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Museo y Biblioteca de Zoología, La Habana [Havana]. Note: current status MBZH La Habana Cuba L85 unknown. Museo de Historia Natural Felipe Poey, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana [Havana]. Also known as: Museo Felipe Poey. Formerly: Museo de Historia Díaz & Hedges 2008, García- MFP Natural de la Real y Pontificia Universidad de La Habana established in 1842. La Habana Cuba L85 Machado et al. 2011, Rodríguez- Obsolete as: UHMP (fishes). Current as: MFP (fishes & herps). See also: Silva 2016 DZUH. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Cuba, La Habana [Havana]. Díaz et al. 2005, Díaz & Hedges Formerly: Museo de Ciencias Felipe Poey (1962–1980), preceded by Museo MNHNCu La Habana Cuba 2008, Wallach et al. 2014, Cubano de Ciencias Naturales (1959–1961). Current as: MNHNCu (herps, Cadena & Joyce 2015 fossils). Private fish and herp collection of Orlando H. Garrido, La Habana [Havana]. OHG La Habana Cuba F&E Garrido et al. 2008 Note: some herps deposited at CZACC and some fishes at ANC. UHMP See MFP. La Habana Cuba Fink 1971 Private herp collection of Ansel Fong G. Note: some specimens deposited at AFG Santiago de Cuba Cuba Garrido & Hedges 2000 BSC and MNHNCu. Herpetological Collection of Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad Díaz et al. 2005, Fong & Armas BSC (BIOECO), Museo de Historia Natural "Tomás Romay", Santiago de Cuba. Santiago de Cuba Cuba 2011, Domínguez et al. 2013 Includes: herps deposited by Ansel Fong G. Current as: BSC.H (herps). Private herp collection of Bohumil Král, Brně [Brno]. Note: based on Jihomoravský [South AFG Czech Republic Wagner et al. 2016 publications; whereabouts of collection unknown. Moravian] Jihomoravský [South Roselaar 2003, Wallach et al. LMB See MZM. Czech Republic L85 Moravian] 2014 Jihomoravský [South Schätti et al. 2014, Micklich et MMB See MZM. Czech Republic F&E Moravian] al. 2016, Wagner et al. 2016 Moravské zemské muzeum [Moravian Museum], Brně [Brno]. Also known Jihomoravský [South Prokofiev 2006, Reichenbacher MZM as: Mährische Landesmuseum. Obsolete as: LMB. Current as: MMB (fishes Czech Republic Moravian] et al. 2017 & herps), MZM Ge (fossils). Also as: MMB-Ge (fossils). Olomoucký VMO Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci, Olomouc. Current as: VMO (sharks). Czech Republic De Maddalena 2006 [Olomouc] Chlupáč's Museum of Earth History, Univerzita Karlova [Charles University], Praha [Prague]. Also known as: Chlupáčovo muzeum historie Země. Includes: collection of Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Univerzita CHMHZ Praha [Prague] Czech Republic Hyžný et al. 2015 Karlova [Charles University]. Obsolete as: DP-FNSP (Department of Paleontology, fossils). Current as: CHMHZ (fossils). See also: CUP (Recent fishes & herps). Univerzita Karlova [Charles University], Praha [Prague]. Includes: fish types Šanda et al. 2010, Mlíkovský et CUP of Vadim Vladykov. Obsolete as: DZCHU, ZICU, ZICUP. Current as: CUP Praha [Prague] Czech Republic L85 F&E al. 2011 (fishes & herps). See also: CHMHZ (fossils). DP-FNSP See CHMHZ. Praha [Prague] Czech Republic Čerňanský 2010 DZCHU See CUP. Praha [Prague] Czech Republic Böhme 2010 MHP See NMP. Praha [Prague] Czech Republic Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Roselaar 2003, Wallach et al. MNHP See NMP. Praha [Prague] Czech Republic L85 2014 Köhler & Güsten 2007, Böhme Národní muzeum [National Museum], Praha [Prague]. Formerly: Patriotic 2010, Šanda et al. 2010, Museum, Bohemian Museum, Museum of the Bohemian Kingdom. Includes: NMP Praha [Prague] Czech Republic Mlíkovský et al. 2011, Bohlen et fish types of Vadim Vladykov. Obsolete as: MHP, MNHP. Current as: NMP al. 2016, Jiří Moravec pers. (fishes), NMP-P6V (herps). Also as: NMP6V (The Reptile Database). comm. 2018 Moravec & Böhme 1997, NMP6V See NMP. Praha [Prague] Czech Republic Moravec et al. 2018 ZICU See CUP. Praha [Prague] Czech Republic Holčík & Hensel 1974 ZICUP See CUP. Praha [Prague] Czech Republic F&E Ústí nad Labem DB See SGDB. Czech Republic Kvaček et al. 2004 [Ústecký] Muzeum města Ústí nad Labem [Municipal Museum of Ústí nad Labem], Ústí Ústí nad Labem MMUL Czech Republic Georgalis & Joyce 2017 nad Labem [Aussig]. Current as: MMUL. [Ústecký] Ústí nad Labem OMM Oblastní muzeum v Mostě, Mostě [Most]. Current as: OMM (fossils). Czech Republic Georgalis & Joyce 2017 [Ústecký] Sbírky geologie Doly Bílina [Bílina Mines Geology Collection], Bílina Mine Ústí nad Labem Ivanov 2002, Wallach et al. SGDB Headquarters, Bílina. Also known as: geological collection of the Bílina Czech Republic [Ústecký] 2014, Daza et al. 2014 opencast mine. Current as: SGDB (fossils). Also as: DB (fossil fishes). Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Středočeský [Central IAPG Czech Republic Bohlen & Šlechtová 2011 Liběchov. Current as: IAPG (fishes) Bohemian] Marine Biological Laboratory, Københavns Universitet [University of MBLC Denmark Wallach et al. 2014 Copenhagen], Copenhagen. See also: SNM. MGUH See SNM. Denmark Borgen & Nakrem 2016 Naturhistorisk Museum Aarhus, Århus [Aarhus]. Current as: NHMA (all Hans Viborg Kristensen pers. NHMA Denmark collections) comm. 2012 Statens Naturhistoriske Museum (SNM), Københavns Universitet [Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen], Copenhagen. Note: established in 2004 via merger of Botanic Garden, Botanical Museum and Library, Geological Museum [Museum Geologicum Universitatis NHMD Denmark Agnolin et al. 2018 Hafniensis (MGUH)] and Zoological Museum [Zoologisk Museum (ZMUC)]. Obsolete as: UZM, UZMK. Current as: ZMUC-P (fishes), ZMUC-R (herps), MGUH.VP (fossils). Also as: NHMD (fossils). See also: MBLC (Marine Biological Laboratory, Københavns Universitet). UZM See SNM. Denmark Wallach et al. 2014 UZMK See SNM. Denmark F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Nguyen et al. 2009, Böhme ZMUC See SNM. Denmark L85 F&E 2010, Hans Viborg Kristensen pers. comm. 2011 Dominican MHD Museo del Hombre Dominicano, Santo Domingo. Current as: MHD (fossils). Albury et al. 2018 Republic Landestoy & Ortíz 2015, Albury Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Professor Eugenio de Jesús Marcano, Dominican MNHNSD L85 F&E et al. 2018, Torres-Pineda et al. Santo Domingo. Current as: MNHNSD (fishes & herps). Republic 2019 Museo de Zoología, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca. Obsolete as: UDAR. MZUA Azuay Ecuador Sánchez-Nivicela et al. 2018 Current as: MZUA (herps), ZOOA.V.Pe. [or Z00A.V.Pe.] (fishes). UDAR See MZUA. Azuay Ecuador Torres-Carvajal 2000 Z00A See MZUA. Azuay Ecuador Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015 ZOOA See MZUA. Azuay Ecuador Crampton et al. 2016 Colección de peces de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Sede CEMZ-P Esmeraldas Ecuador Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015 Esmeraldas, Esmeraldas. Vertebrate Collection, Charles Darwin Research Station, Puerto Ayora, Santa VCCDRS Galápagos Ecuador Miralles et al. 2017 Cruz. Also known as: museo de vertebrados. Current as: VCCDRS. Instituto de Nacional de Higiene y Medicina Tropical Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez, Campbell & Lamar 1992, INHMT Guayaquil. Currently known as: Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Guayas Ecuador Wallach et al. 2014 Salud Pública (INSPI). MFCN-UG See MUGT. Guayas Ecuador Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015 Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil [University of Aguirre et al. 2013, Jiménez- MUGT Guayaquil], Guayaquil. Obsolete as: MFCN-UG, UG. Current as: MUGT Guayas Ecuador Prado et al. 2015, Malato et al. (fishes). 2017 UG See MUGT. Guayas Ecuador Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015 Centro Jambatu de Investigación y Conservación de Anfibios, Fundación Coloma et al. 2012, Luis CJ Pichincha Ecuador Otonga, Quito. Current as: CJ (amphibians). Coloma pers. comm. 2013 DFCH-USFQ See USFQ. Pichincha Ecuador Duellman 2015, Frost 2016 Brito et al. 2014, Frost 2016, DHMECN See MECN. Pichincha Ecuador Sánchez-Nivicela et al. 2018 EDP See QCAZ. Pichincha Ecuador Duellman 2015 Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. EPN See MEPN. Pichincha Ecuador L85 F&E 2014 Sheehy et al. 2014, Wallach et FHGO Fundación Herpetológica "Gustavo Orcés", Quito. Current as: FHGO (herps). Pichincha Ecuador al. 2014 FHGO-USFQ See USFQ. Pichincha Ecuador Faivovich et al. 2006 Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Quito. Note: created as government organization in 1977; associated with Instituto Nacional de Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015, MECN Biodiversidad (INABIO), public research institute created in 2014. Current Pichincha Ecuador Valdiviezo-Rivera 2016 as: MECN (fishes & herps). Also as: MECN-DP (fishes), DHMECN (División de Herpetología, herps). MECN-DP See MECN. Pichincha Ecuador Armbruster & Tan 2012 Ferraris 2007, Ana Almendariz Museo de Historia Natural "Gustavo Orcés V.", Instituto de Ciencias pers. comm. 2013, Brito et al. MEPN Biológicas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito. Obsolete as: EPN. Current Pichincha Ecuador F&E 2014, Barriga-Salazar et al. as: MEPN (fishes & herps). 2016 Museo de Zoología, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Quito. Current MZUTI Pichincha Ecuador Coloma et al. 2012 as: MZUTI (herps) Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Böhme 2010, Coloma et al. QCAZ Católica del Ecuador, Quito. Includes: Eugenia del Pino Collection (EDP). Pichincha Ecuador 2012, Wallach et al. 2014 Current as: QCAZ. Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito. Current as: DFCH-USFQ (herps, Faivovich et al. 2006, Duellman USFQ Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia collection), FHGO-USFQ (herps, Fundación Pichincha Ecuador 2015, Frost 2016 Herpetológica G. Orcés collection). Al-Azhar University Zoological Collection, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo. Note: smaller collections of fishes and Saleh & Sarhan 2016, Mostafa AUZC Egypt other fauna associated with other Al-Azhar campuses (e.g., Asyut), but not Saleh pers. comm. 2018 part of AUZC. Current as: AUZC (herps). Egyptian Geological Museum, Cairo. Also known as: Cairo Geological Mohabey et al. 2011, Wallach et CGM Museum. Note: museum established in 1904 as part of the Egyptian Egypt al. 2014 Geological Survey (EGS) founded in 1896. Current as: CGM (fossils). Marine Biological Station Hurghada [Al-Ghardaqa], National Institute of MBSH Egypt F&E Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Hurghada [Al-Ghardaqa]. Mansoura University Vertebrate Paleontology Center, Department of MUVP Egypt El-Sayed et al. 2017 Geology, Mansoura. Current as: MUVP (fossils). Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador. Note: collections assembled in the 1950s and associated with the Chicas-Batres & González-Leiva ICMARES Instituto Tropical de Investigaciones Científicas (ITIC) neglected and El Salvador 2016 eventually lost; current fish collection established ca. 2005. Current as: ICMARES (fishes). Chicas-Batres & González-Leiva ITIC See ICMARES. El Salvador 2016 Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador, San Salvador. Note: fish collection Daza et al. 2009, Chicas-Batres MUHNES established in 1970, but damaged during earthquake in 2001. Current as: El Salvador & González-Leiva 2016 MUHNES (fishes, herps). Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn. Current as: GIT Estonia NATARC, 2018 GIT (fossils). Also as: Pi (fossils). MZT See TUZ. Estonia Iverson 1992 Pi See GIT. Estonia Mark-Kurik & Young 2003 TAMG See TAMZ. Estonia NATARC, 2018 Eesti Loodusmuuseum [Estonian Museum of Natural History], Tallinn. TAMZ Estonia NATARC, 2018 Current as: TAMZ (fishes & herps), TAMG (fossils). TUG See TUZ. Estonia NATARC, 2018 University of Tartu Natural History Museum, Tartu. Obsolete as: MZT TUZ Estonia NATARC, 2018 (Zoological Museum, Tartu). Current as: TUZ (fishes), TUG (fossils). AAU See ZNHM-AAU. Ethiopia L85 Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, Addis Ababa. Formerly: Institute of EBI Biodiversity Conservation (IBC, 2004–2013), preceded by Institute of Ethiopia Teme et al. 2016 Biodiversity Conservation and Research (IBCR, 1998–2004). MA Awash National Park. Note: status of zoological collections unknown. Ethiopia L85 NHMAA See AAU. Ethiopia Largen 1974 Zoological Natural History Museum, Addis Ababa University. Obsolete as: ZNHM-AAU Ethiopia Mengistu 2012 AAU, NHMAA. Faroe Islands NHMT Natural History Museum, Tórshavn. Møller 2001 (Denmark) SUVA See USPS. Fiji Fisher et al. 2017 USP See USPS. Fiji L85 F&E University of the South Pacific, Faculty of Science, Technology and USPS Environment, School of Marine Studies, Suva. Obsolete as: USP. Current Fiji F&E as: SUVA H (herps), USPS (fishes). Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoological Museum, University of MZH Finland F&E Kottelat 2012:13 Helsinki, Helsinki. Also as: ZMUH (birds). UAZM Åbo Akademi University, Zoological Museum, Turku. Finland F&E ZMUH See MZH. Finland Roselaar 2003 MGF See Rh-E.F. Allier France Wallach et al. 2014 Musée Yves-Machelon, Gannat. Also known as: Musée de Gannat; Natural Wallach et al. 2014, Caldwell et Rh-E.F. Allier France History Museum of Gannat. Obsolete as: MGF. Current as: Rh-E.F. (fossils). al. 2015 Réserve naturelle géologique de Haute-Provence, Digne-les-Bains. Current Alpes-de-Haute- RGHP France Fischer et al. 2016 as: RGHP (fossils). Provence MHNN Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de la ville de Nice, Nice. Also as: MHNNice. Alpes-Maritimes France Bezděk 2012 MHNNice See MHNN. Alpes-Maritimes France F&E Chassaing et al. 2011 Grande 2010, Pérez-García et MDE Le Musée des Dinosaures, Espéraza. Current as: MDE (fossils). Aude France al. 2013 MZS See MZUS. Bas-Rhin France F&E Roselaar 2003 Musée Zoologique de la ville de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg. Includes: natural history collections of Johann Hermann, (purchased in 1802) and Université Louis-Pasteur. Note: partially destroyed MZUS Bas-Rhin France L85 Wallach et al. 2014 in 1943-1944 during WWII; Université de Strasbourg separated into three institutions including Université Louis-Pasteur (Strasbourg I) from 1970 to 2009. Also as: MZS MHNM See MMNH. Bouches-du-Rhône France Pérez-García et al. 2013 MHNMF See MMNH. Bouches-du-Rhône France Wallach et al. 2014 Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Marseille. Also as: MHNM (fossils), MHNMF MMNH Bouches-du-Rhône France L85 (herps) Le Musée d'Angoulême, Angoulême. Formerly: Musée des beaux-arts Allain et al. 2014, Tennant et al. LMA d'Angoulême. Current as: ANG (Angeac-Charente Collection, fossils), CHE Charente France 2016 (Cherves-de-Cognac Collection, fossils). Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, La Rochelle. IFREMER Note: fish types moved to MNHN (Paris) and Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Charente-Maritime France F&E La Rochelle (MHNRL). Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de La Rochelle, La Rochelle. Includes: fish Ferraris 2007, Quéro et al. MHNLR Charente-Maritime France L85 F&E types from IFREMER. Current as: MHNLR (fishes). Also as: MHNR (herps). 2009, Wallach et al. 2014 MHNR See MHNLR. Charente-Maritime France Wallach et al. 2014 MO Le Musée de l'île d'Oléron, Saint-Pierre-d'Oléron. Current as: MO (fossils). Charente-Maritime France Tennant et al. 2016 Laboratoire Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne [University of LBG-UD Côte-d'Or France Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Burgundy], Dijon. Current as: LBG-UD (fossils). MMBR Musée de la Marine, Brest. Finistère France Wallach et al. 2014 MHNB Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Bordeaux, Bordeaux. Gironde France Georgalis & Joyce 2017 MHNBX See MHNB. Gironde France http://www.asih.org/codons.pdf Université des Antilles [University of the French West Indies], Guadaloupe. UAG Formerly: Centre Université Antilles-Guyane, Laboratoire de Biologie et Guadaloupe France L85 Physiologie Animales. Guiana [French IPG Institut Pasteur de Guyane, Cayenne. France Frost 2016 Guiana] Laboratoire d'Ichtyologie Appliquée, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique LIAT Haute-Garonne France Elvira 1987 de Toulouse (ENSAT), Auzeville-Tolosane. Muséum d'histoire naturelle de la ville de Toulouse. Also known as: Musée Joyce 2014, Georgalis & Joyce MHNT Haute-Garonne France de Toulouse (MT). Current as: MHNT (fossils). Also as: MT. 2017 MT See MHNT. Haute-Garonne France Wallach et al. 2014 Collection Biogéographie et Ecologie des Vertébrés, Laboratoire de biogéographie et écologie des vertébrés, Montpellier. Note: collection established in 1967 and housed at Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive (CEFE) established in 1987 under the guardianship of Centre BEV Hérault France Böhme 2010 National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) and École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) among others. Current as: BEV (herps). Also as: EPHE (herps). BRT See USTL. Hérault France Wallach et al. 2014 Collection of Alexandre Westphal-Castelnau, L'École nationale supérieure Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, CW-C agronomique de Montpellier (ENSAM), Montpellier. Note: specimens Hérault France Crother et al. 2011 transferred to MNHN, Paris. EPHE See BEV. Hérault France Mateo et al. 1998 ISE-M See USTL. Hérault France Antoine et al. 2013 Köhler & Güsten 2007, Böhme LBUM See USTL. Hérault France 2010 LG-FSM See USTL. Hérault France Georgalis & Joyce 2017 UM See USTL. Hérault France Ramdarshan et al. 2015 Université de Montpellier, Montpellier. Note: collections originally associated with Faculté des Sciences created in 1808 which became Université des sciences et techniques du Languedoc (USTL), administratively known as Université Montpellier 2, in 1968; Montpellier 1 & 2 universities began to CNE 1993, Wallach et al. 2014, USTL merge in 2012 and the new Université de Montpellier was founded in 2015; Hérault France Bolet et al. 2015, Čerňanský et historical collections partially destroyed in 1944 during World War II. al. 2015 Obsolete as: BRT. Current as: USTL (fossils). Also as: ISE-M (Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution, Université Montpellier 2), LBUM (herps, Laboratoire de Biogéographie), LG-FSM (Laboratoire de Geologie, fossils), UM (fossils). Musée du Savignéen, Savigné-sur-Lathan. Note: fossil specimens cited as year of registration (last three digits or all four), two-letter code for site and Augé & Pouit 2009, Gagnaison MS specimen number (e.g., 007-PM-295, 2012.VG.1). Current as: MS (general Indre-et-Loire France 2013, Gagnaison 2015 fossils), GM (fossils from La Guimardière), PM (fossils from Pelmer), VG (fossils from Vigneaux). MAJ Musée d’archéologie du Jura, Lons-le-Saunier. Current as: MAJ (fossils). Jura France Anquetin et al. 2014 Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), ISTPM Nantes. Formerly: Institut Scientifique et Technique des Pêches Maritimes Loire-Atlantique France L85 F&E (1918-1984). MHNNT Museum d’Histoire Naturelle de Nantes, Nantes. Loire-Atlantique France Roselaar 2003 CPS-UL See UCBL-FSL. Lyon France Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Gayet et al. 1994, Ferraris et al. CST See UCBL-FSL. Lyon France 2017 Université Catholique Lyon, Lyon. Formerly: Faculté Catholique Lyon. FCL Lyon France Thies & Leidner 2011 Current as: FCL (fossils). LMHN See MHNL. Lyon France John Bruner pers. comm. 2015 Peräla 2002, Reynolds et al. MG See MHNL. Lyon France L85 F&E 2007 MGHNL See MHNL. Lyon France F&E Kottelat 2012:13 MGL See MHNL. Lyon France Böhme 2010 Böhme 2010, Thies & Leidner musée des Confluences, Lyon. Formerly: Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon 2011, John Bruner pers. comm. (MHNL), descended from Musée Guimet d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon (MG, MHNL Lyon France F&E 2015, Wallach et al. 2014, MGL or MGHNL). Obsolete as: LMHN, MG, MGHNL, MGL, MMC. Current as: Konwert 2016, Cécile Mourer- MHNL. Chauviré pers. comm 2016 MMC See MHNL. Lyon France Wallach et al. 2014 Daza et al. 2014, Cécile Mourer- UCBL See FSL. Lyon France F&E Chauviré pers. comm 2016 Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, paleontology collection, Villeurbanne. Also known as: University of Lyon 1 (UL1). Note: includes fossils formerly Konwert 2016, Cécile Mourer- in Faculté des Sciences de Lyon (FSL) at UCBL; collection distinct from Chauviré pers. comm 2016, UCBL-FSL Lyon France musée des Confluences (MHNL). Obsolete as: CST (Centre des Sciences de Emmanuel Robert pers. comm. lat Terre), FSL, UL1. Current as: UCBL-FSL (fossils). Also as: CPS-UL 2017 (fossils). UL1 See UCBL-FSL. Lyon France Joyce 2016 Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy, Institut de Zoologie, Université de Nancy, MAN Nancy. Formerly: L'Ancienne Université, among others. Also as: MZUVN, Meurthe-et-Moselle France F&E Roselaar 2003 MZN. MZN See MAN. Meurthe-et-Moselle France F&E Elvira 1987 MZUVN See MAN. Meurthe-et-Moselle France F&E MHNP See MNHN. Paris France Ganesh et al. 2014 Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Includes: herp collection of M. Alexandre Westphal-Castelnau formerly at L'École nationale supérieure agronomique de Montpellier (ENSAM); collections from Laboratoire des Ivan Ineich pers. comm. 2010, Sciences Naturelles, Université-Indochinoise, Hanoi (LSNUI) and Office de la MNHN Paris France L85 F&E Salvador Bailon pers. comm. Recherche scientifique et Technique d'Outre-mer (ORSTOM). Obsolete as: 2010 MHNP. Current as: MNHN (fishes & herps), MNHN.F (fossils). Also as: MNHNP (amphibians), MNHN-ZA (osteological specimens of fishes, amphibians & reptiles). Salvador Bailon pers. comm. MNHN-ZA See MNHN. Paris France 2010 MNHNP See MNHN. Paris France González-Fernández et al. 2009 collection de paléontologie, Sorbonne Université. Note: Sorbonne Université established in 2018 via merger of Université Paris-Sorbonne and Université PMC Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC, also known as Université Paris VI). Obsolete Paris France Tennant et al. 2016 as: UPVI. Current as: PMC (Laboratoire de Paléontologie des Vertébrés, Université Pierre et Marie Curie). UPVI See UPMC. Paris France Wallach et al. 2014 IES Institut H. E. Sauvage, Saint-Étienne-au-Mont. Current as: IES (fishes). Pas-de-Calais France Randall et al. 2013 MMB Musée de la Mer, Biarritz. Pyrénées-Atlantiques France L85 L&G LEMUR See MHN RUN. Réunion France F&E Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de la Réunion, Saint-Denis, La Réunion. MHN RUN Obsolete as: URUN. Current as: MHN RUN (fishes). Also as: LEMUR Réunion France Quéro et al. 2009 (Laboratoire d'Écologie Marine, Université de La Réunion), MHNRUN (fishes). MHNRUN See MHN RUN. Réunion France F&E URUN See MHN RUN. Réunion France Randall & Victor 2015 Fischer et al. 2016, López- MHNH Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle du Havre, Le Havre. Current as: MHNH (fossils). Seine-Maritime France Arbarello & Sferco 2018 Tabuce et al. 2013, Tennant et UP Université de Poitiers, Poitiers. Current as: UP (fossils). Vienne France al. 2016 Private fish collection of Jacques Géry (1917–2007). Note: no longer extant; CJG France Neumann 2011 some specimens deposited at ANSP, ZSM, MHNG (as GSC). Private collection of Charles Lucien Bonaparte (1803–1857). Note: extant CLB collections of fishes and herps currently at The Academy of Natural Sciences France Wallach et al. 2014 of Philadelphia (ANSP). GSC See CJG. France Ferraris et al. 2017 Museo Humphrediano [Humphredianis]. Note: cited in Hermann (1804), MH perhaps in reference to private collection of Humphrey Waldo Sibthorp France Wallach et al. 2014 and/or his son John Sibthorp. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement. Formerly: Office de la Recherche scientifique et Technique d'Outre-mer. Note: multiple collections ORSTOM France F&E Wallach et al. 2014 including those in Nouméa, New Caledonia; Dakar, Senegal (IRD); Trinidad, Bolivia; some collections moved to MNHN. Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale, Centre National de la Recherche IRET Gabon F&E Scientifique et Technologique (CENAREST), Libreville. Note: founded in 1985. Georgian National Museum, Tbilisi [Tiflis]. Formerly: Georgian State Museum (GSM). Includes: collections of Georgian Institute of Paleobiology Schätti et al. 2014, GNM (IPGAS) and Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia (ZMT). Obsolete as: GSM Georgia Bukhsianidze 2015, Turan et al. (fossils), IP (fossils), TMT (Tiflis Museum). Current as: GNM (fishes & 2016 herps), IPGAS (Institue of Palaeobiology, fossils). See also: ZMT. GSM See GNM. Georgia Van der Made 2015 IP See GNM. Georgia Joyce 2014 Danilov & Vitek 2013, Joyce IPGAS See GNM. Georgia 2016, Georgalis & Joyce 2017 TMT See GNM. Georgia Wallach et al. 2014 Ilia State University, Institute of Zoology, Zoological Collections, Tbilisi [Tiflis]. Formerly: Institute of Zoology, Georgian National Academy of ZIT Sciences (1941–2009), descended from the Georgian branch of the Russian Georgia L85 Böhme 2010 Academy of Sciences and Tbilisi State University. Current as: ZIT (amphibians). Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia, Tbilisi [Tiflis]. Includes: collections of the Georgian Museum (1919–1947), formerly Caucasus Museum (1865–1919, also known as Caucasus Natural History Museum), descended Kottelat 2012:13, Wallach et al. ZMT Georgia L85 F&E from the Museum of the Caucasian Department of the Russian Royal 2014 Geographic Society founded in 1852. Note: museum incorporated into Georgian National Museum (GNM) in 2004. See also: GNM. Abkhazian Museum of Regional Studies, Sukhumi [Sokhumi]. Also known Georgia Danil'chenko 1967, Monsch & AMRS as: Abkhazian State Museum of Local Lore. Current as: AMRS (fossils). [Abkhazia] Bannikov 2012 CGDBK Collection Grande Duke of Baden, Karlsruhe. Current as: CGDBK (fossils). Baden-Württemberg Germany Venczel & Codrea 2018 Private fish collection of Thomas Litz, Attenweiler. Note: some specimens deposited at Museo Nacional de Historia Natural y Antropología, Montevideo CTL Baden-Württemberg Germany Costa 2006, Neumann 2011 (MUNHINA) and at Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM) with ZSM catalog numbers. Institut für Geowissenschaften Universität Heidelberg, Heidelburg. Current GEOW Baden-Württemberg Germany Maxwell et al. 2016 as: GEOW (fossils). See also: ZMUH. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen [University of Tübingen], Museum der Universität (MUT), Paläontologische Sammlung, Tübingen. Formerly: Thies & Leidner 2011, Schultze GPIT Institut für Geowissenschaften der Universität Tübingen. Obsolete as: Baden-Württemberg Germany & Arratia 2013:189 TIMGP, UT. Current as: GPIT (fossils). Also as: Pi (fossils, mistakenly associated with Georg-August-Universität). See also: ZST (herps). Private fish collection of Kai Erik Witte, Tübingen. Note: some specimens KEWI Baden-Württemberg Germany Neumann 2011 deposited at ZSM with ZSM catalog numbers LNK See SMNK. Baden-Württemberg Germany L85 Städtische Museen: Museum Natur und Mensch [Museum of Nature and Man], Freiburg im Breisgau. Formerly: Adelhausermuseum für Naturkunde und Völkerkunde (established in 1996), descended from Städtisches Museum MFB Baden-Württemberg Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 für Naturkunde und Völkerkunde, founded in 1895. Note: naturkundlichen Sammlungen [natural history collection] housed at Zentralen Kunstdepot since 2012-2013. Urweltmuseum Hauff [Hauff Museum], Holzmaden. Current as: MHH Maxell et al. 2012, Chiarenza et MHH Baden-Württemberg Germany (fossils). al. 2013 Muschelkalkmuseum Hagdorn Stadt Ingelfingen, Ingelfingen. Current as: Diedrich 2009, Diedrich & MHI Baden-Württemberg Germany MHI (fossils). Gradinaru 2013 MNS See SMNS. Baden-Württemberg Germany F&E Pi See GPIT. Baden-Württemberg Germany Schultze & Arratia 2013:189 PSGV Private collection of Gernot Vogel, Heidelburg. Current as: PSGV (herps). Baden-Württemberg Germany Jiang et al. 2012 SMG Städtische Naturkundliche Museum Göppingen. Current as: SMG (fossils). Baden-Württemberg Germany Maxell et al. 2012 SMNHS See SMNS. Baden-Württemberg Germany Kovalchuk & Ferraris 2016 Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe [Karlsruher Morlo et al. 2004, Wallach et al. SMNK Naturkundemuseum], Karlsruhe. Formerly: Landessammlungen für Baden-Württemberg Germany 2014, Maxwell et al. 2016 Naturkunde Karlsruhe (LNK). Current as: SMNK, SMNK-PAL (fossils) Karl 2007, Jay Savage pers. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde [Stuttgart State Museum of Natural comm. 2010, Randall et al. SMNS History], Stuttgart. Obsolete as: MNS. Current as: SMNS (fishes, herps & Baden-Württemberg Germany L85 F&E 2013, Wallach et al. 2014, fossils). Also as: SMNHS (fossils). Merker & Staniczek 2018 TIMGP See GPIT. Baden-Württemberg Germany John Bruner pers. comm. 2015 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg [Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg], UFR Baden-Württemberg Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Zoologische Sammlung, Freiburg im Breisgau. UT See GPIT. Baden-Württemberg Germany Diedrich 2013 UTZI See ZST. Baden-Württemberg Germany F&E ZIH See ZMUH. Baden-Württemberg Germany Fricke 2005 Zoologisches Museum der Universität Heidelberg, Heidelburg. Note: founded as Zoologisches Cabinet in 1819 by Friedrich Tiedemann (1781–1861); some Fricke 2005, Jay Savage pers. ZMUH Baden-Württemberg Germany fishes transferred to SMF and SMNS. Current as: ZMUH (herps). Also as: comm. 2010, Storch 2018 ZIH (Zoologisches Institut, fishes). See also: GEOW (fossils). Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen [University of Tübingen], Museum der ZST Universität (MUT), Zoologische Sammlung, Tübingen. Obsolete as: UTZI Baden-Württemberg Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 (Zoologisches Institut). Current as: ZST (herps). See also: GPIT (fossils). BMM-S See BMMS. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Arratia & Schultze 2013:88 Bürgermeister-Müller-Museum, Solnhofen. Current as: BMMS (fossils). Also BMMS Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Thies & Leidner 2011 as: BMM-S. BSM See BSPG. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany McCune 1986 Smith et al. 2006, Diedrich & BSP See BSPG. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Gradinaru 2013 Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie [Bavarian State Collection for Paleontology and Geology], München [Munich]. Also known as: Paläontologisches Museum München [Paleontological Museum Munich] Arratia & Schultze 1990, (PMM) used for public part of BSPG. Formerly: Bayerische Staatssammlung Schneider et al. 2011:785, BSPG für Paläontologie und Historische Geologie (BSPHG). Note: one of multiple Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Schultze & Arratia 2013:189, institutions comprising and administered by Staatliche Wallach et al. 2014, Georgalis & Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns [Bavarian Natural History Joyce 2017 Collections] (SNSB). Obsolete as: BSM, BSP, BSPHG (fossils), BSPHM (amphibians). Current as: BSPG (fossils). Also as: SNSB-BSPG (fossils). BSPHG See BSPG. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Thies & Leidner 2011 BSPHM See BSPG. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Frost 2016 Paläontologische Sammlung, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen- Mihaela-Cristina Krause & Nürnberg [University of Erlangen-Nuremburg], Erlangen. Formerly: FAU Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Wolfgang Kießling pers. comm. Sammlungen des Palaontologischen Lehrstuhls des Universität Erlangen. 2018 Obsolete as: SPLUE. Current as: FAU (fossils). JM See JME. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany López-Arbarello & Sferco 2018 JM-E See JME. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Arratia & Schultze 2013 Jura-Museum Eichstätt [Jura Museum Eichstaett], Eichstätt. Note: one of multiple institutions comprising and administered by Staatliche Schultze & Arratia 2013:189, JME Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns [Bavarian Natural History Konwert 2016 Collections] (SNSB). Current as: JME (fossils). Also as: JM (fossils). Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt [Bavarian State Office for the LfU Environment], Geologische Sammlung [Gesteinssammlung], München Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Schneider et al. 2011 [Munich], Bavaria. Current as: LfU (fossils). Münchner Tierpark Hellabrunn A.G. [Hellabruun Zoo], München. Note: old MTH Bayern [Bavaria] Germany F&E Wallach et al. 2014 collection destroyed in 1944 during WWII. Naturkunde-Museum Bamberg, Bamberg. Note: one of multiple institutions comprising and administered by Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche NKMB Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Mäuser 2018 Sammlungen Bayerns [Bavarian Natural History Collections] (SNSB). Obsolete as: NMB (fossils). Current as: NKMB (fossils). Naturmuseum Augsburg, Augsburg. Current as: NMA (fossils). Also as: NMA Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Böhme 2012 NMSA (Naturmuseum der Stadt Augsburg). Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, NMB See NKMB. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Diedrich & Gradinaru 2013 Naturkundemuseum Coburg, Coburg. Current as: NMC. Also as: NMCL NMC Bayern [Bavaria] Germany López-Arbarello 2012 (fossils). NMCL See NMC. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Georgalis & Joyce 2017 NMR Naturkundemuseum Ostbayern, Regensburg. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Georgalis & Joyce 2017 NMSA See NMA. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 PIW Institut für Paläontologie, Würzburg. Current as: PIW (fossils). Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Tëmkin & Pojeta 2010 PMM See BSPG. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany SNSB-BSPG See BSPG. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Maxwell & López-Arbarello 2018 SoS See JME. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Arratia & Schultze 1990 SPLUE See FAU. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Wallach et al. 2014 TRF Private collection of Helmut Tischlinger, Stammham. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany López-Arbarello & Sferco 2018 U-MO See UMO. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Diedrich 2009, Diedrich 2013b U-MOB See UMO. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Diedrich & Gradinaru 2013 UM-O See UMO. Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Diedrich 2009, Diedrich 2013a,b Urwelt-Museum Oberfranken, Bayreuth. Formerly: Oberfränkische Kreisnaturalienkabinett [Kreis-Naturalien-Cabinet]. Note: one of multiple institutions comprising and administered by Staatliche UMO Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Sobral et al. 2016 Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns [Bavarian Natural History Collections] (SNSB). Obsolete as: U-MO, UM-O, U-MOB (fossils). Current as: UMO (fossils). Zoologische Präparatesammlung der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München [Zoological objects collection of the Ludwig Maximilians University Munich]. Note: historically distinct from Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM); "valuable historic material...imprudently discarded" during ZPLMU Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Neumann 2011 reorganization of the university in the 1970s (D. Schaller in Neumann 2011:235); bulk of remaining ZPLMU fish collection transferred to ZSM in 2004; only few historic anatomical specimens retained in ZPLMU Institute of Zoology. See also: ZSM. Zoologische Staatsammlung München, München [Munich]. Formerly: Zoologisches Sammlung des Bayerischen Staates [Bavarian State Collection of Zoology]. Includes: fishes from NMW (Kähsbauer Donation) and Zoologische Präparatesammlung der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Franzen & Glaw 2007, Köhler & (ZPLMU) as part of ZSM Old Collection, partially destroyed during WWII (24- Güsten 2007, Rückert-Ülkümen 25 Apr 1944 and 11 Apr 1945); holotype of Diaphorolepis wagneri from & Yiğitbaş 2007, Böhme 2010, ZSM Bayern [Bavaria] Germany L85 F&E Museum of Monaco (MM); Hans Hermann Schleich collection of Nepalese and Wallach et al. 2014, Frank Tillck Indian amphibians and reptiles (VW/D); part of Philipp Wagner private pers. comm. 2016, Wagner et collection (PWC, herps). Note: one of multiple institutions comprising and al. 2016 administered by Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns [Bavarian Natural History Collections] (SNSB). Current as: ZSM (fishes, herps & fossils). Private collection of Maurice Kottelat (CMK) at ZSM. Note: fishes published ZSM/CMK as ZSM/CMK were never intended for final deposition at ZSM and never part Bayern [Bavaria] Germany Neumann 2011 of ZSM collection. Obsolete as: ZSM/CMK (replaced by CMK). Introduced by Maurice Kottelat (1990) to identify types to be temporarily stored at ZSM for later exchange and final deposition in Indonesia; ZSM/LIPI ZSM/LIPI material is not traceable at ZSM and was never transferred to LIPI, Bogor, Bayern [Bavaria] Germany F&E Neumann 2011 but may be available at ZRC. Obsolete as: ZSM/LIPI (not referable to specimens at ZSM or LIPI). Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe [Federal Institute for BGR Berlin Germany Tëmkin & Pojeta 2010 Geosciences and Natural Resources], Berlin. Current as: BGR (fossils). FSJF Private fish collection [Fischsammlung] of Jörg Freyhof, Berlin. Berlin Germany F&E Kottelat 2012:12 HMN MB See ZMB. Berlin Germany Gianechini et al. 2018 Freie Universität Berlin [Free University of Berlin], Institut für Geologische IPFUB Wissenschaften, Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Berlin. Current as: IPFUB Berlin Germany Kriwet et al. 1999 (fossils). ISZ See ZMB. Berlin Germany Roselaar 2003 ISZZ See ZMB. Berlin Germany F&E Museo Blochiano [Blochianum], Berlin. Note: private collection of Marcus Böhme et al. 1998, Wallach et MB Berlin Germany Elieser Bloch; extant specimens at ZMB. al. 2014 Arratia & Schultze 2013:88, MB See ZMB. Berlin Germany Tennant et al. 2016 MfN See ZMB. Berlin Germany Tennant et al. 2016 MHUB See ZMB. Berlin Germany Sprent 1988 Georgalis et al. 2013, Wallach TUB Technischen Universität Berlin [Technical University of Berlin], Berlin. Berlin Germany et al. 2014 Museum für Naturkunde (MfN), Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin [Humboldt Böhme 2010, Mark-Oliver Rödel University of Berlin], Berlin. Formerly: Zoologischen Museum Berlin. pers. comm. 2010, Frank Tillack ZMB Includes: extant specimens of Museo Blochiano [Blochianum], private Berlin Germany L85 F&E pers. comm. 2016, Giere et al. collection of Marcus Elieser Bloch. Obsolete as: ISZZ, ZMHU, ZMBP. 2018 Current as: MB (fossils), ZMB (fishes & herps). Also as: HMN MB (fossils), ISZ (birds), MfN, MHUB (parasites). ZMBP See ZMB. Berlin Germany Wallach et al. 2014 ZMHU See ZMB. Berlin Germany F&E Naturkundemuseum Potsdam [Natural History Museum of Potsdam], NKMP Brandenburg Germany Knuth et al. 2018 Potsdam. Formerly: Municipal or District Museum of Potsdam. Geowissenschaftliche Sammlung [Geosciences Collection], Universität GSUB Bremen [Bremen] Germany Grande 2010, Lehmann 2018 Bremen [University of Bremen], Bremen. Current as: GSUB (fossils). Überseemuseum, Bremen. Formerly: Gesellschaft Museum (1783-1896); Roselaar 2003, Glaw 2015, UMB Städtisches Museum für Natur-, Völker- und Handelskunde (1896-1951). Bremen [Bremen] Germany L85 F&E Stiller et al. 2018 Current as: UMB (herps). ZHM See ZMH. Bremen [Bremen] Germany Freyhof et al. 2018 ISH See ZMH. Hamburg Germany L85 F&E Santos et al. 1997, Melo 2009 Private collection of J.G. Fischer, Hamburg. Note: some herps deposited at JGF Hamburg Germany Wallach et al. 2014 ZMH. Museum Godeffroy (1861-1885), Hamburg. Note: collections sold to various MGH Hamburg Germany F&E Frank Tillack pers. comm. 2016 museums including NHMUK, SMNS, ZMH and ZMB. NMH See ZMH. Hamburg Germany F&E ZIM See ZMH. Hamburg Germany F&E Centrum für Naturkunde (CeNak), Zoologisches Museum, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg. Formerly: Naturhistorisches Museum zu Hamburg Hallermann 1998, Köhler & (NMH) founded in 1843, partially destroyed July 1943 during WWII; museum Güsten 2007, Nguyen et al. ZMH and staff became part of Universität Hamburg in 1969. Note: includes fishes Hamburg Germany L85 F&E 2009, Böhme 2010, Polgar et from Institut für Seefischerei, Hamburg (ISH); herps described by J.G. al. 2013, Wallach et al. 2014, Fischer. In error as: Z.M.B. (Roze 1967). Obsolete as: ISH, NMH, ZHM, Frost 2016, Glaubrecht 2018 ZIM. Current as: ZMH (fishes & herps). Giessen Zoological Museum, Gießen [Giessen]. Obsolete as: MG. Current GZM Hesse [Hessen] Germany Mecke et al. 2016 as: GZM. HLD See HLMD. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Frost 2016 Morlo et al. 2004, Kammerer et Hessisches Landesmuseum, Darmstadt. Includes: Norbert Micklich fossil fish al. 2005, Köhler & Güsten 2007, reference collection (SMFF) and extant fish reference collection (SMFR); HLMD Hesse [Hessen] Germany Nguyen et al. 2009, Böhme fossil vertebrate collection, Natural History Department (WT). Obsolete as: 2010, Micklich et al. 2016, HLD. Current as: HLMD (herps, fossils). Köhler & Garcia 2018 HLMW See MWNH. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Joger 1993 Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, MG See GZM. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Peter Uetz pers. comm. 2014 MW See MWNH. Hesse [Hessen] Germany F&E MWHN See MWNH. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Roselaar 2003 Museum Wiesbaden, Naturhistorische Landessammlung, Wiesbaden. Note: Köhler & Güsten 2007, Köhler partially destroyed during World War II, but most types survived. Obsolete 2009:57, Wallach et al. 2014, MWNH Hesse [Hessen] Germany as: HLMW, MW, MWHN, NMSW, NSMW, NWNH, SMW (Staatliches Museum, Geller-Grimm 2018, Marques et Wiesbaden). Current as: MWNH (herps). al. 2018 MZC See PUM. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Hempel & Beck 2018 NMS See SMF. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Lanza et al. 2009 NMSW See MWNH. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Wallach et al. 2014 NSMW See MWNH. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 NWNH See MWNH. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Wallach et al. 2014 Philipps-Universität Marburg [University of Marburg], Marburg. Current as: Glaw 2015, Georgalis & Joyce PUM Hesse [Hessen] Germany MZC (Marburg Zoological Collection), PUM (fossils). 2017, Hempel & Beck 2018 SENCK See SMF. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Iverson 1981 SenkM See SMF. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Arratia & Schultze 2013:88 SFM See SMF. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Miralles et al. 2017 SFN See SMF. Hesse [Hessen] Germany De Maddalena 2006 Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum [Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum], Frankfurt am Main. Includes: Morlo et al. 2004, Karl 2007, collections assembled by Eduard Rüppell and Oskar Boettger (1844–1910). Köhler & Güsten 2007, Gill et SMF Note: headquarters of Senckenberg Collections composed of six institutes Hesse [Hessen] Germany L85 F&E al. 2013, Wallach et al. 2014, with stations at 10 locations including Dresden (MMG, MTD) and Görlitz Türkay et al. 2018 (SMNG). In error as: SFM. Obsolete as: NMS, SENCK. Current as: SMF (fishes, herps, fossils). Also as: SFN (sharks). SMFF See HLMD. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Micklich et al. 2016 SMFR See HLMD. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Micklich et al. 2016 SMW See MWNH. Hesse [Hessen] Germany L85 L&G UVF Ur- und Vorgeschichtsmuseum Fritzlar, Fritzlar. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Georgalis & Joyce 2017 WT See HLMD. Hesse [Hessen] Germany Micklich et al. 2016 Moritz & Schliewen 2016, Timo Deutsches Meeresmuseum [German Oceanographic Museum], Stralsund. Mecklenburg- DMM Germany Moritz pers. comm. 2016, Current as: DMM. Vorpommern Reinicke 2018 Mecklenburg- GAM Deutsches Bernstein-Museum, Ribnitz-Damgarten Germany Daza et al. 2014 Vorpommern Institut für Geographie und Geologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Mecklenburg- GG [University of Greifswald], Greifswald. Current as: GG (fossils). See also: Germany Konwert 2016 Vorpommern ZMG. Mecklenburg- ZMG Zoologischen Museums Greifswald, Greifswald. See also: GG (fossils). Germany Frost 2016 Vorpommern Zoologische Sammlung der Universität Rostock [University of Rostock], Mecklenburg- ZSRO Germany Richter & Bick 2018 Rostock. Current as: ZSRO. Vorpommern Niedersachsen AZM See ZMUG. Germany Curini-Galletti et al. 2007 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen BDNLTM See DMB. Germany Lambert et al. 2014 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen BGHan See BGRHB. Germany Schultze & Arratia 2013:189 [Lower Saxony] Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe [Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources] of Hannover-Buchholz, Hannover Niedersachsen BGRHB Germany Taverne & Liston 2017 [Hanover]. Note: one of three institutions in Geozentrum Hannover. [Lower Saxony] Obsolete as: BGHan. Current as: BGRHB (fossils). See also: BGR (fossils). Niedersachsen GOE See GZG. Germany Arratia & Schultze 1990 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen http://www.dinohunter.info/html GPI See GZG. Germany [Lower Saxony] /museums.htm Niedersachsen GPIG/GZG See GZG. Germany Joyce 2016 [Lower Saxony] Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Hornung & Reich 2015, López- [Göttingen University], Göttingen. Also known as: Geowissenschaftliches Niedersachsen GZG Germany Arbarello 2012, Tennant et al. Museum. Obsolete as: GPIG/GZG, MGAU (fossils). Current as: GZG.V [Lower Saxony] 2016 (fossil vertebrates). See also: ZMUG. herpetologischen Sammlung [herpetological collection], Landesmuseum für Niedersachsen Kucharzewski et al. 2009, LMNMO Natur und Mensch, Oldenburg. Formerly: Grossherzogliche Museum Germany [Lower Saxony] Wallach et al. 2014 Oldenburg. Current as: LMNMO (herps). Niedersachsen MGAU See GZG. Germany McCune 1986 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen MLH Museum Lampianum, Hanover [Hannover]. Note: no longer extant. Germany Wallach et al. 2014 [Lower Saxony] Staatliches Naturhistorisches Museum, Braunschweig. Formerly: Herzogliches Naturhistorisches Museum from 1857-1918. Obsolete as: Niedersachsen Busais & Joger 2011, Šmíd et NHM-BS Germany NMB, SNHM, SNMBR, SNMB. Current as: NHM-BS (herps). Also as: SNHMB [Lower Saxony] al. 2013 (fishes), SNMBG (birds). Niedersachsen NMB See NHM-BS. Germany F&E Wallach et al. 2014 [Lower Saxony] Museum am Schölerberg, Osnabrück. Also known as: städtisches Museum Niedersachsen Diedrich 2009, Diedrich 2013, NMO Germany für Natur und Umwelt Osnabrück. Current as: NMO (fossils). [Lower Saxony] Diedrich & Gradinaru 2013 Niedersachsen SMSS Städtisches Museum Schloss Salder, Salzgitter. Current as: SMSS (fossils). Germany Fischer et al. 2016 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen SNHM See NHM-BS. Germany Böhme 2010, Fischer et al. 2016 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen SNHMB See NHM-BS. Germany L&G Fricke 2005 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen SNMB See NHM-BS. Germany Elzen et al. 2005 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen SNMBG See NHM-BS. Germany Roselaar 2003 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen SNMBR See NHM-BS. Germany F&E Wallach et al. 2014 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen ZIUG See ZMUG. Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 [Lower Saxony] Niedersachsen ZMG See ZMUG. Germany Wallach et al. 2014 [Lower Saxony] Zoologisches Museum, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen [Göttingen University], Göttingen. Formerly: Zoologisches Institut und Museum Myers & Böhme 1996, Willmann Niedersachsen ZMUG Universität Göttingen (ZIUG), descended from Königliche Academische Germany 2018, Gert Tröster pers. comm. [Lower Saxony] Museum founded in 1773. Note: herpetological collection transferred to 2019 ZFMK in 1977. Obsolete as: ZIUG, ZMG. Current as: ZMUG. Also as: AZM (flatworms). See also: GZG (fossils). Nordrhein-Westfalen Collection de l'École technique (Realschule) de Cologne, Köln [Cologne]. CETC [North Rhine- Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Note: collection cited by Jan & Sordelli (1865), apparently no longer extant. Westphalia] Dobergmuseum – Geologisches Museum Ostwestfalen-Lippe, Bünde. Note: Nordrhein-Westfalen DMB part of the Museum Bünde network. Obsolete as: BDNLTM. Current as: [North Rhine- Germany Diedrich 2013c DMB (fossils). Westphalia] Nordrhein-Westfalen Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Universität zu Köln [University of GCC [North Rhine- Germany Amler & Herbig 2018 Cologne], Köln [Cologne]. Current as: GCC (fossils). Westphalia] Nordrhein-Westfalen GPIBO See STIPB. [North Rhine- Germany Wallach et al. 2014 Westphalia] Nordrhein-Westfalen IPB See STIPB. [North Rhine- Germany Klein & Albers 2009, Joyce 2016 Westphalia] Nordrhein-Westfalen LLM Lippisches Landesmuseum, Detmold. Current as: LLM (fossils). [North Rhine- Germany Diedrich 2013 Westphalia] Nordrhein-Westfalen Naturkunde-Museum Bielefeld, Bielefeld. Formerly: Museum der Stadt NAMU [North Rhine- Germany Witzmann et al. 2016 Bielefeld (founded in 1889). Current as: NAMU (fossils). Westphalia] Nordrhein-Westfalen PIUB See STIPB. [North Rhine- Germany Roček 1996, Wallach et al. 2014 Westphalia] Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Paläontologie [Steinmann Institute for Mineralogy, Geology and Palaeontology], Rheinische Friedrich- Wilhelms-Universität Bonn [University of Bonn], Bonn. Founded: 2007. Nordrhein-Westfalen Georg Heumann pers. comm. STIPB Formerly: Institut für Paläontologie Bonn (IPB), Geologisch- [North Rhine- Germany 2016 Paläontologisches Institut Bonn (GPIBO) and Goldfuß Museum [Goldfuss Westphalia] Museum]. Obsolete as: GPIBO, IPB, PIUB. Current as: STIPB (fossils). See also: SUB. Nordrhein-Westfalen Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn [University of Bonn], Institut SUB [North Rhine- Germany L85 F&E für Zoologie, Sammlung der Universität, Bonn. See also: STIPB (fossils). Westphalia] Nordrhein-Westfalen Hans Hermann Schleich collection of Nepalese and Indian amphibians and VW/D [North Rhine- Germany Frank Tillack pers. comm. 2016 reptiles, Fuhlrott-Museum, Wuppertal. Note: transferred to ZSM in 2012. Westphalia] Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig [Zoological Research Myers & Böhme 1996, Roselaar Museum Alexander Koenig], Bonn. Formerly: Forschungsinstitut und Nordrhein-Westfalen 2003, Ursula Bott & Wolfgang ZFMK Museum. Includes: University of Göttingen herpetological collection, [North Rhine- Germany L85 F&E Böhme pers. comm. 2010, acquired in 1977; part of Philipp Wagner private collection (PWC, herps). Westphalia] Nguyen et al. 2013 Current as: ZFMK (fishes & herps). Rheinland-Pfalz Private collection of Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied, CPN [Rhineland- Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Wied [Hausen]. Note: herps now at AMNH Palatinate] Rheinland-Pfalz Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Geowissenschaften, GPIM [Rhineland- Germany Daza et al. 2014 Mainz. Current as: GPIM (fossils). Palatinate] Rheinland-Pfalz MHMZ See NHMM. [Rhineland- Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Palatinate] Naturhistorisches Museum Mainz, Mainz. Also known as: Landessammlung für Naturkunde Rheinland-Pfalz [State Collection of Natural History of Rheinland-Pfalz Böhme et al. 2012, Renker et NHMM Rhineland-Palatinate]. Note: major parts of historical collection assembled [Rhineland- Germany al. 2018 by Rheinische Naturforschende Gesellschaft (RNG) destroyed during British Palatinate] air raid in 1945. Current as: NHMM (fossils). Also as: MHMZ, NMM (fossils). Rheinland-Pfalz NMM See NHMM. [Rhineland- Germany Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Palatinate] Rheinland-Pfalz Pollichia Geoscience Collections, Urweltmuseum GEOSKOP, Thallichtenberg. POL [Rhineland- Germany Schoch & Witzmann 2009 Current as: POL (fossils). Palatinate] Rheinland-Pfalz SB Private collection of Hans Bath, Pirmasens. [Rhineland- Germany Bath 2002, Fricke 2005 Palatinate] Rheinland-Pfalz SSN Paläontologisches Museum Nierstein, Nierstein. Current as: SSN (fossils). [Rhineland- Germany Böhme et al. 2012 Palatinate] Zoologischen Institut, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken. Note: ZIS Saarland Germany L85 collection apparently no longer at university as of 2011. BAF See FG. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Karl 2007 Schneider and Scholze collection, Department of Palaeontology and Schoch 2010, Schneider & FG Stratigraphy, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Scholze 2016 Current as: FG (fossils). Also as: BAF FG (fossils). Geologische Landesuntersuchung GmbH, Freiberg. Formerly: Geologische GFEF Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Karl 2007 Forschung und Erkundung Freiberg. Geologische und Paläontologische Sammlung, Institut für Geophysik und Geologie, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig. Current as: GPSL (fossil Janssen 2015, Löser & Heinrich GPSL Sachsen [Saxony] Germany invertebrates). Also as: PMUL (Paläontologisches Museum der Universität 2018 Leipzig, fossil herps). See also: MUL. LM See NML. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Wallach et al. 2014 MLEP See NML. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen (SNSD), Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Dresden. Formerly: Königliches Naturalienkabinett; Dresdener MMG Hof-Mineralien-Cabinet. Includes: collection of Gustav Freiherr von Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Schneider et al. 2011 Stockheim including fossils formerly known as Ortenburger Kreide. Current as: MMG (fossils). Also as: SNSD-MMG (fossils). Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen, Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden. Note: established in 1728 in the "Palais de Sciences" [Dresden Zwinger]; majority of zoolgical specimens destroyed by fire in 1849 during Dresden May Uprising; partially destroyed 7 Oct 1944 and 13–14 Feb 1945 Nguyen et al. 2010, Böhme during World War II; MTD combined with Museum für Mineralogie und 2010, García-Dávila et al. 2013, MTD Sachsen [Saxony] Germany F&E Geologie (MMG) in 1999 to form Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Mecke et al. 2016, Türkay et al. Dresden which merged with Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung in 2018 2009. Includes: original zoological collections of Universität Leipzig (MUL) transferred in 1970-1971. Current as: MTD F (fishes), MTD (herps). Also as: MTKD (herps), SMTD (birds). Köhler & Güsten 2007, Nguyen MTKD See MTD. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany L85 F&E et al. 2009, Böhme 2010, Valdesalici & van der Voort 2015 Universität Leipzig, Institut für Zoologie, Zoologische Lehrsammlung, Leipzig. Note: original zoological collection dissolved in 1968 and partly transferred MUL Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Mecke et al. 2016 to Museum für Tierkunde in Dresden (MTD) in 1970-1971. Also as: ULIZ. See also: GPSL (fossils). NKML See NML. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Roselaar 2003 Naturkundemuseum Leipzig [Leipzig Museum], Leipzig. Note: partially NML destroyed during WWII. Obsolete as: LM (herps), MLEP (herps). Current Sachsen [Saxony] Germany F&E Karl 2007 as: NML (fishes, herps, fossils). Also as: NKML (birds). PMUL See GPSL. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Karl 2007, Karl & Müller 2008 Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde, Abteilung Zoologie, Görlitz. John Hutchinson pers. comm. SMNG Formerly: Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz; merged with Sachsen [Saxony] Germany 2018 Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung in 2009. Current as: SMNG. SMTD See MTD. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Roselaar 2003 SNSD See MMG. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany Joyce 2016 ULIZ See MUL. Sachsen [Saxony] Germany F&E Institut für Zoologie, Technische Universität Dresden [Dresden Technical ZIDTU University], Dresden. Note: currently a teaching collection [Zoologische Sachsen [Saxony] Germany L85 Lehrsammlung]. Köhler & Güsten 2007, Frank Private collection of Herbert Rösler, Thale. Note: specimens to be deposited Sachsen-Anhalt CPHR Germany Tillack pers. comm. 2016, Uwe in ZMB, MTKD and probably ZSM. Current as: CPHR (herps). [Saxony-Anhalt] Fritz pers. comm. 2019 Sachsen-Anhalt GM See MLUH. Germany Wallach et al. 2014 [Saxony-Anhalt] Diedrich 2009, Diedrich & Sachsen-Anhalt IZH See MLUH. Germany Gradinaru 2013, Cacciali et al. [Saxony-Anhalt] 2017 Museum für Naturkunde, Magdeburg. Also known as: Kulturhistorisches Sachsen-Anhalt KHMM Museum Magdeburg; Magdeburger Museen (MM). Current as: KHMM Germany L85 F&E Böhme 2010 [Saxony-Anhalt] (herps). Also as: MM (herps). Diedrich 2009, Diedrich & Sachsen-Anhalt MLU See MLUH. Germany L85 Gradinaru 2013, Wallach et al. [Saxony-Anhalt] 2014 Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Zentralmagazin Naturwissenschaftlicher Sammlungen (ZNS), Halle (Saale). Formerly: Institut für Zoologie, Halle (IZH); Geiseltal Museum (GM). Note: Founded in 1769 as natural history cabinet by J.F.G. Goldhagen; MLU created in 1817 Hellmund 2018, Schneider & via merger of Universität Wittenberg and Universität Halle; collections of Sachsen-Anhalt MLUH Germany Steinheimer 2018, Frank Geiseltal Museum relocated to ZNS in 2009. Obsolete as: GM, MLU, ZIH, [Saxony-Anhalt] Steinheimer pers. comm. 2018 ZMUH, ZNS. Current as: MLUH (fishes, herps, fossils), MLUH (IZH-P), MLUH (IZH-A), MLUH (IZH-R) (historical specimens of fishes, amphibians & reptiles, respectively), MLUH (GMH) (Geiseltal fossils, Eocene), MLUH (Ifg) (Geology Department, other fossils). Sachsen-Anhalt Köhler & Güsten 2007, Böhme MM See KHMM. Germany [Saxony-Anhalt] 2010 Sachsen-Anhalt ZIH See MLUH. Germany Böhme 2010 [Saxony-Anhalt] Sachsen-Anhalt ZMUH See MLUH. Germany Wallach et al. 2014 [Saxony-Anhalt] Sachsen-Anhalt ZNS See MLUH. Germany [Saxony-Anhalt] Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland [Heligoland]. Formerly: Königlich BAH Preußische Biologische Anstalt Helgoland founded in 1892. Note: part of the Schleswig-Holstein Germany L85 F&E Alfred-Wegener-Institut since 1998. Institut für Geowissenschaften der Christian-Albrechts-Universität (CAU) zu CAUK Schleswig-Holstein Germany Hornung & Reich 2015 Kiel [University of Kiel], Kiel. Current as: CAUK (fossils). See also: ZMK. IFM See ZMK. Schleswig-Holstein Germany IMUK See ZMK. Schleswig-Holstein Germany Smith-Vaniz 1976 KIEL See ZMK. Schleswig-Holstein Germany F&E LNHM See MNUL. Schleswig-Holstein Germany Wallach et al. 2014 Museum für Natur und Umwelt, Lübecker Museen, Lübeck. Also known as: Museum Lübeck, Naturhistorisches Museum zu Lübeck. Note: original MNUL museum destroyed 28 Mar 1942 during WWII; reopened in 1963 as Schleswig-Holstein Germany F&E Füting 2018 Naturhistorisches Museum—Museum für Natur und Naturgeschichte in Schleswig-Holstein. Also as: LNHM (herps) Zoologische Museum der Christian-Albrechts-Universität (CAU) zu Kiel [University of Kiel], Kiel. Also known as: Zoologischen Museum Kiel. Note: closely associated with Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel (GEOMAR), successor to the Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften ZMK Schleswig-Holstein Germany Geburzi et al. 2015 [Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences], itself established in 2004 via merger of Institut für Meereskunde (IfM, IMUK) and Forschungszentrum für Marine Geowissenschaften (GEOMAR). Obsolete as: KIEL. Current as: ZMK. See also: CAUK (fossils). Heimat- und Salinemuseum Bad Sulza. Includes: fossils from quarry HSBS Thüringen [Thuringia] Germany Diedrich 2013 "Krähenhütte", Bad Sulza. Current as: HSBS (fossils). MJU Museo Jenensis Universitatis, Jena. Note: no longer extant. Thüringen [Thuringia] Germany Wallach et al. 2014

MMA Naturkundemuseum Mauritianum Altenburg. Current as: MMA. Thüringen [Thuringia] Germany Karl 2007

MNG Museum der Natur Gotha, Gotha. Current as: MNG (fossils). Thüringen [Thuringia] Germany Berman et al. 2000 Naturkundemuseum, Erfurt. Includes: fossils from quarry "Krähenhütte", Diedrich 2009, Diedrich 2013, NME Thüringen [Thuringia] Germany Bad Sulza. Current as: NME (fossils), NME R (reptiles). Frank Tillack pers. comm. 2016 Phyletisches Museum [Phyletic Museum], Jena. Formerly: Großherzogliches Konstantinidis et al. 2016, PMJ Zoologisches Museum until ca. 1907, itself descended from Carl August Thüringen [Thuringia] Germany Brehm et al. 2018 Museum. Current as: PMJ. Private collection of Hermann von Meyer (1801–1869). Note: status HvM Germany Wallach et al. 2014 unknown. Private collection of Johannes Peter Müller (1801–1858). Note: status JWM Germany Wallach et al. 2014 unknown. KWF Private collection of Herr Klaus Weis. Current as: KWF (fossils). Germany Parin & Astakhov 2007 PWC See ZFMK and ZSM. Germany Wagner et al. 2016 UGA University of Ghana, Legon-Accra. Ghana L85 Athens Museum of Palaeontology and Geology, National and Kapodistrian Georgalis & Kear 2013, Vlachos AMPG University of Athens (UoA), Athens. Also known as: University of Athens. Attica Greece et al. 2014 Current as: AMPG (fossils). See also: ZMUA (Zoological Museum). The Goulandris Natural History Museum, Kifissia. Current as: GNHM (fishes GNHM Attica Greece Maria Dimaki pers. comm. 2013 & herps). Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters (IMBRIW), Anavyssos [Anavissos]. Formerly: National HCMR Attica Greece F&E Barbieri et al. 2017 Center for Marine Research (NCMR). Obsolete as: IOAKE, NCMR. Current as: HCMR. IOAKE See HCMR. Attica Greece L85 MZUA See ZMUA. Attica Greece L85 NCMR See HCMR. Attica Greece F&E Zoological Museum, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (UoA), ZMUA Athens. Also known as: University of Athens. Current as: ZMUA (mollusks Attica Greece Roselaar 2003 & birds). Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Department of ATEITh Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, ichthyological collection, Nea Central Macedonia Greece Minos et al. 2012 Moudania. AUT See AUTH. Central Macedonia Greece Van der Made 2015 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki. Obsolete as: MZUTH (Museum of Zoology), ZMUT. Current as: AUTH (fishes & fossils). Also as: AUTH AUT (fossils), DZAUT and MDZAUT (Department of Zoology, fishes), LGPUT Central Macedonia Greece Georgalis & Kear 2013 (Laboratory of Geology and Paleontology), LZUT (Laboratory of Zoology, fishes). DZAUT See AUTH. Central Macedonia Greece F&E Kottelat 2012:12 LGPUT See AUTH. Central Macedonia Greece Vlachos & Rabi 2017 LZUT See AUTH. Central Macedonia Greece L85 F&E Holčík et al. 2004 MDZAUT See AUTH. Central Macedonia Greece Tzomos et al. 2010 MZUTH See AUTH. Central Macedonia Greece F&E ZMUT See AUTH. Central Macedonia Greece F&E Hydrobiological Station of Rhodes, Rhodes. Formerly: Reale Istituto di Ricerche Biologiche di Rodi, built in 1934-1935 during Italian occupation of HSR Crete Greece Corsini-Foka 2009 the Dodecanese (1912-1943). Note: currently part of Hellenic Centre for Marine Research. Current as: HSR (fishes). Natural History Museum of Crete, University of Crete, Heraklion [Irákleio]. NHMC Crete Greece Lymberakis et al. 2008 Current as: NHMC (herps). Fisheries Research Institute (FRI) of Nea Peramos, Kavala. Current as: East Macedonia and FRINP Greece Holčík et al. 2004 FRINP (fishes). Thrace Natural History Museum of the Aegean, Paleontological Museum, Mytilene NHMAS [Mytilini, Mitilinii], Samos Island. Note: established by Konstantinos and North Aegean Greece Maria Dimaki pers. comm. 2013 Maria Zimalis Foundation. VM Vrisa Natural History Museum, Lesvos [Lesbos]. North Aegean Greece Vlachos et al. 2014 Paleontological and Paleobotanical Museum, Nostimo Kastorias. Also known as: Nostimo Museum of Palaeontology (NMP). Note: formally affiliated with Georgalis et al. 2013, Georgalis NMP Western Macedonia Greece Athens Museum of Palaeontology and Geology (AMPG). Current as: NMP V & Kear 2013 (fossils). University of Guam, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Western Pacific UGM Tropical Research Center (WPTRC), Mangilao. Also known as: Unibetsedåt Guam L85 F&E Fraser 2008 Guåhan. Current as: UGM (fishes). Also as: UTIO-F (fishes). UTIO-F See UGM. Guam Ho & Shao 2011 David B. Wake pers. comm. 2010, Morales-Cazan & Albert Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala USAC Guatemala 2012, Vásquez-Almazán & (MUSHNAT), Guatemala City. Current as: USAC (fishes & herps). Rovito 2014, VertNet 2016, Quintana et al. 2016 UVG Universidad del Valle Guatemala, Guatemala City. Current as: UVG. Guatemala L85 Wallach et al. 2014 Center for the Study of Biological Diversity, University of Guyana, Wake & Donnelly 2010, Georgetown. Note: some fish holotypes dual-accessioned at CSBD and AUM Valdesalici & García Gil 2015, CSBD (Auburn University Natural History Museum) for temporary storage at AUM. Guyana Tan et al. 2016, Ferraris et al. Obsolete as: HA or CSBD no. HA (herps), UG, CSBD/UG, UG/CSBD. 2017 Current as: CSBD, CSBD F (fishes). CSBD/UG See CSBD. Guyana Stewart 2013 GNMGG Guyana National Museum, Georgetown. Note: no longer extant. Guyana F&E Ronald Fricke pers. comm. 2018 HA See CSBD. Guyana Noonan & Bonett 2003 UG See CSBD. Guyana F&E UG/CSBD See CSBD. Guyana Ferraris 2007 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Museo de Historia Natural, UNAH Honduras L85 Solís et al. 2016 Tegucigalpa. Current as: UNAH (herps). Geological Institute of Hungary, Geological Museum, Budapest. Formerly: Royal Hungarian Geological Institute founded in 1869. Note: many fossils GIH transferred to other institutions (HNHM, NHMUK); merged into Magyar Hungary Pálfy 2009, Wallach et al. 2014 Földtani és Geofizikai Intézet (MFGI) in 2012. Also as: HGIM, MHGI, MNGL. See also: MFGI. HGIM See GIH. Hungary Wallach et al. 2014 Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum [Hungarian Natural History Museum], Budapest. Also known as: Musei Nationalis Hungarici/Musée National Hongrois (MNH). Formerly: part of the Hungarian National Museum (HNM) or Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum. Includes: fossils donated from Geological Balazs Farkas pers. comm. HNHM Institute of Hungary (GIH) and Eötvös University, Budapest. Note: Hungary 2010, Pálfy et al. 2008 collections destroyed in part by fire during Hungarian uprising in 1956. Obsolete as: HNM, MNH, MNSB, NHMB. Current as: HNHM (fishes, herps, fossils). Also as: MTM (fossils), PG-HNHM (Department of Paleontology and Geology). HNM See HNHM. Hungary Pálfy 2009 Magyar Földtani és Geofizikai Intézet [Hungarian Institute of Geology and Geophysics], Budapest. Note: established in 2012 via merger of Geological MFGI Hungary Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Institute of Hungary (GIH) and Eötvös Loránd Geophysical Institute. Current as: MFGI (fossils). See also: GIH. MHGI See GIH. Hungary Wallach et al. 2014 MNGL See GIH. Hungary Wallach et al. 2014 MNH See HNHM. Hungary L85 F&E Kottelat 2012:13 MNSB See HNHM. Hungary F&E Ferraris 2007 MTM See HNHM. Hungary Tennant et al. 2016 NHMB See HNHM. Hungary Tomović et al. 2014 PG-HNHM See HNHM. Hungary Pálfy 2009 Hafrannsóknastofnun [Marine Research Institute of Iceland], Reykjavik. HAF Iceland F&E Møller et al. 2005 Obsolete as: MRII. Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Reykjavik. Formerly: Iceland Museum IINH Iceland F&E Roselaar 2003 of Natural History. Also as: IMNH, NHMR. IMNH See IINH. Iceland F&E Roselaar 2003 MRII See HAF. Iceland Møller 2001 NHMR See IINH. Iceland L85 F&E Roselaar 2003 Museum of the Zonal Base, Fishery Survey of India, Port Blair, Andaman Andaman and MUS.FSI.PB India Shirke et al. 2017 Islands. Current as: MUS.FSI.PB/EB (elasmobranchs). Nicobar Islands Museum of Department of Ocean Studies and Marine Biology, Pondicherry Andaman and PUMB India Kumar et al. 2018 University, Port Blair Campus, Andaman Islands. Current as: PUMB (fishes). Nicobar Islands Zoological survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre. Also as: Andaman and ZSI-ANRC India Chandra et al. 2017 ZSI/ANRC. Nicobar Islands Andaman and ZSI/ANRC See ZSI-ANRC. India Plamoottil 2016c Nicobar Islands AU/DMLR See ZMAU. Andhra Pradesh India Velamala & Naranji 2018 FBRC/ZSI See ZSI-FBRC. Andhra Pradesh India Plamoottil 2016a MDZAU See ZMAU. Andhra Pradesh India F&E ZDAU See ZMAU. Andhra Pradesh India Gudivada et al. 2010 Zoology Museum, Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam ZMAU [Vizag, Waltair]. Also as: AU/DMLR (Department of Marine Living Resources, Andhra Pradesh India F&E Kottelat 2013 fishes), MDZAU (fishes), ZDAU (parasites). APFS/ZSI See ZSI-APRC. Arunachal Pradesh India F&E BioLab of Seshachalam Hills, Wildlife Management Circle, Kapilatheertham, Ganesh, S.R., V. Sharma & M.B. BLT Arunachal Pradesh India Tirupati. Also known as: BioLab of Tirupati. Current as: BLT (herps). Guptha G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable GBP-NE Development, North East Unit, Vivek Vihar, Itanagar. Current as: GBP-NE Arunachal Pradesh India Tamang et al. 2006 (fishes). Rajiv Gandhi University Museum of Fishes, Rono Hills, Doimukh, Itanagar. Darshan et al. 2011, Ng. et al. RGUMF Arunachal Pradesh India F&E Current as: RGUMF (fishes) 2013, Tamang & Sinha 2014 Zoological Survey of India, Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre [formerly ZSI-APRC Field or Regional Station], Itanagar. Obsolete as: ZSI/APFS, APFS/ZSI, ZSI- Arunachal Pradesh India Ng et al. 2013 APRS. Current as: ZSI-APRC. Also as: ZSI/APRC, ZSI/V/APRC/P (fishes). Nebeshwar & Wishwanath ZSI-APRS See ZSI-APRC. Arunachal Pradesh India 2013:100 ZSI/APFS See ZSI-APRC. Arunachal Pradesh India F&E Tamang & Sinha 2014 ZSI/APRC See ZSI-APRC. Arunachal Pradesh India Darshan et al. 2018 Animal Biodiversity Museum of the Department of Ecology & Environmental AU-Ecol/ABM Assam India Das & Gupta 2011, 2015 Science, Assam University, Silchar. Current as: AU-Ecol/ABM (herps). Zoology Department, Arya Vidyapeeth College, Tarun Nagar, Guwahati. Mahony et al. 2009, Dutta et al. AVC Note: affiliated with Gauhati University. Current as: AVC (herps). Also as: Assam India 2013 AVCM (herps). AVCM See AVC. Assam India Das et al. 2010 F/GUZ See GUZM. Assam India F&E Ferraris 2007 GUMF See GUZM. Assam India F&E Basumatary et al. 2016 GUZ See GUZM. Assam India F&E Kottelat 2013 Gauhati University Zoological Museum, Guwahati. Also as: GUMF (Museum GUZM Assam India Pathak et al. 2013 of Fishes), F/GUZ, GUZ. Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati. Current IASST Assam India Frost 2016 as: IASST (amphibians). Lakhimpur Girls' College Fish Museum, Lakhimpur. Current as: LGCFM LGCFM Assam India Darshan et al. 2018 (fishes). Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University, Department of Zoology Museum, TMBU Bihar India F&E Kottelat 2013 Bhagalpur. Formerly: Bhagalpur University. Current as: TMBU (fishes). Zoological Survey of India, High Altitude Regional Center, Solan. Current ZSI Solan Himachal India Sharma & Dhanze 2018 as: ZSI Solan F (fishes). BJRG See JU. Jammu and Kashmir India Duda & Sahi 1978 University of Jammu, Jammu. Note: Department for Biosciences split into JU Department of Zoology and Department of Botany in 1998. Current as: Jammu and Kashmir India Wallach et al. 2014 BJRG (herps), JU (fossils, Department of Geology). DAVK Dayanand Anglo Vaidik Mahavidyalaya (DAV College), Civil Lines. Kanpur India F&E Museum of Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, ATREE Karnataka India Subba et al. 2015 Bengaluru [Bangalore]. Current as: ATREE. Museum of Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru BUB Karnataka India Venu et al. 2016 [Bangalore]. Current as: BUB (herps). See also: CCB. Central College of Bangalore Museum, Bengaluru [Bangalore]. Note: CCB originally affiliated with University of Mysore which became Bangalore Karnataka India L85 F&E Frost 2016 University in 1964. See also: BUB. Deepak et al. 2016, Frank Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Sciences (IISc), Bengaluru Tillack pers. comm. 2016, CES Karnataka India [Bangalore]. Current as: CES (herps). Also as: CESL (lizards). Zeeshan Mirza pers. comm. 2018 Mirza et al. 2014, Srikanthan et CESL See CES. Karnataka India al. 2018, Zeeshan Mirza pers. comm. 2018, Pal et al. 2018 Arunachalam & Nandagopal CMA Private collection of M. Arunachalam. Current as: CMA (fishes) Karnataka India F&E 2014 GSI Geological Society of India, Bengaluru [Bangalore]. Current as: GSI (fossils). Karnataka India Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Deepak et al. 2016, Frank NCBS National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru [Bangalore]. Karnataka India Tillack pers. comm. 2016 Marine Biodiversity Museum, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi [Cochin]. Note: museum inaugurated in 2006, recognized as Manisseri et al. 2012, Nair et al. Designated National Repository (DNR) by Government of India in 2007; 2013, Randall & Bineesh 2014, museum separate from older one in Mandapam, Tamil Nadu. Obsolete as: CMFRI Kerala India Bineesh 2015, Ebert et al. DNR GB (fishes), GB. Current as: CMFRI GA (cartilaginous fishes), CMFRI 2018, K.K. Bineesh pers. comm. GB (bony fishes). Also as: CMFRI/PFD (Pelagic Fisheries Division, fishes), 2018 MBM. See also: MMMC (Mandapam, Tamil Nadu), NBFGR (genetic resources). CMFRI/PFD See CMFRI Kerala India Anderson & Bineesh 2011 Centre for Marine Living Resources & Ecology, Government Ministry of Earth CMLRE Kerala India Ho et al. 2016 Sciences, Kochi [Cochin]. Current as: CMLRE (fishes). Conservation Research Group Collection, St. Albert's College, Kochi. Current Britz et al. 2012, Katwate et al. CRG-SAC Kerala India as: CRG-SAC (fishes) 2014 Museum of the Department of Marine Biology, Microbology and Biochemistry (DMMB), School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Ng et al. 2013, Subash Babu CUSAT Kerala India Technology, Kochi [Cochin]. Formerly: University of Cochin. Current as: 2012:51, Lundberg et al. 2014:3 CUSAT (fishes). DAB-UoK See DABFUK. Kerala India Bijukumar et al. 2013 Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, University of Kerala, DABFUK Thiruvananthapuram [ex Trivandrum]. Obsolete as: DAB-UoK (fishes). Kerala India Fernholm et al. 2017 Current as: DABFUK-FI (fishes). DNR GB See CMFRI Kerala India Anderson & Bineesh 2011 GB See CMFRI Kerala India Manisseri et al. 2012 Museum of the Marine Research Laboratory of the Integrated Fisheries Project, Kochi [Cochin]. Note: descended from fishing centre established in Cochin in 1957 by Indo Norwegian Project, became IFP managed by IFP Kerala India F&E Oommen 1977 Government of India in 1972 and renamed National Institute of Fisheries Post Harvest Technology and Training (NIFPHATT) in 2008; status of natural history collections unknown. See also: CMFRI. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram [ex IISER-TVM Trivandrum]. Note: IISER-TVM is abbreviation for institution, but VPC-GK Kerala India Srikanthan et al. 2018 used to cite gecko specimen in collection. Kerala Agricultural University Natural History Museum, Thrissur. Current as: KAUNHM Kerala India Padhye et al. 2015 KAUNHM (herps). KFRI Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi. Kerala India F&E Kottelat 2012:12 MBM See CMFRI Kerala India Manisseri et al. 2012 Museum of M.E.S. Ponnani College [affiliated with Calicut University], Ponnani, Malappuram District. Note: museum cited as repository for fish Ng et al. 2013, H.H. Ng pers. MESPC type specimens but mistakenly associated with collection at Cochin Kerala India comm. 2017 University of Science and Technology (CUSAT); existence of fish collection at Ponnani College not confirmed and MESPC arbitrarily assigned here. Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), National Bureau of Fish Bineesh et al. 2013, Lal et al. Genetic Resources, Kochi Unit, CMFRI Campus, Kochi [Cochin]. Note: NBFGR Kerala India 2015, Ho et al. 2016, founded in 1983. Current as: NBFGR-CH (fish tissues). Also as: NBFGR Abdussamad et al. 2016 CHN, NBFGR/LRT. See also: MBM. PCMP Private collection of Mathews Plamoottil. Kerala India Plamoottil 2016a Natural History Museum, Thiruvananthapuram [ex Trivandrum]. Current as: TNHM Kerala India Chandra et al. 2017 TNHM (herps). WGRS See ZSI-WGRC. Kerala India F&E ZMCC Zoology Museum, Christ College, Irinjalakuda. Current as: ZMCC F (fishes). Kerala India Vincent & Thomas 2011 Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghats Regional Centre [formerly Zachariah et al. 2011, Station], Kozhikode [Calicut]. Obsolete as: WGRS, ZSI/CLT [Calicut ZSI-WGRC Kerala India Plamoottil 2014, Garg & Biju Station], ZSI/WGFRS (Field Research Station), ZSI/WGRS. Current as: ZSI- 2016 WGRC (fishes & herps). ZSI-WRS See ZSI-WRC. Kerala India Frost 2016 Gopi 2001, Radhakrishnan et al. ZSI/CLT See ZSI-WGRC. Kerala India 2007, Gower et al. 2013, Randall & Bineesh 2014 K.V. Gururaja et al. 2007, Frost ZSI/WGFRS See ZSI-WGRC. Kerala India 2016 Vincent & Thomas 2011, ZSI/WGRS See ZSI-WGRC. Kerala India Kottelat 2012:13, Ng. et al. 2013 ZSI/WRC See ZSI-WRC. Kerala India Wagh et al. 2018 Deepak et al. 2016b, Frank ZSIP See ZSI-WRC. Kerala India Tillack pers. comm. 2016 CRS-ZSI See ZSI-CRC. Madhya Pradesh India F&E Zoological Survey of India, Central Regional Centre [formerly Station], ZSI-CRC Madhya Pradesh India Jabalpur. Obsolete as: ZSI-CRS. Current as: ZSI-CRC. ZSI-CRS See ZSI-CRC. Madhya Pradesh India AGC-ZRL See AGCZRL. Maharashtra India Padhye et al. 2015 Abasaheb Garware College, Zoology Research Laboratory, Pune. Obsolete AGCZRL Maharashtra India Padhye et al. 2017 as: AGC-ZRL. Current as: AGCZRL (herps). David & Vogel 1998, Schätti et BNHM See BNHS. Maharashtra India L85 F&E al. 2014 Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai [Bombay]. Includes: specimens Katwate et al. 2013, Katwate deposited at Konkan field station museum, Ratnagiri. Note: unregistered et al. 2014, Peter Uetz pers. BNHS Maharashtra India fishes from old BNHS collection tranferred to ZSI-WRC. Obsolete as: BNHM. comm. 2014, Unmesh Katwate Current as: BNHS (herps), BNHS A (amphibians), BNHS FWF (fishes). pers. comm. 2014 BNHS FWF See BNHS. Maharashtra India Katwate et al. 2014 Institute of Natural History Education and Research, Kothrud, Pune. Current INHER Maharashtra India Dahanukar et al. 2017 as: INHER (herps). Fish Genetics and Biotechnology laboratory, Indian Council of Agricultural NKGMF Research (ICAR), Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai [Bombay]. Maharashtra India Pavan-Kumar et al. 2017 Current as: NKGMF (fish specimens), VIZNK (tissue samples). VIZNK See NKGMF. Maharashtra India Pavan-Kumar et al. 2017 Department of Zoology, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Palus, Sangli ZID Maharashtra India Kumbar & Lad 2014 District. Current as: ZID (fishes). Zoological Survey of India, Western Regional Centre [formerly Station], Pune. Includes: unregistered fishes from the old Bombay Natural History Raghavan et al. 2013, Unmesh ZSI-WRC Society collection (BNHS) currently housed at ZSI-WRC, but not cataloged or Maharashtra India Katwate pers. comm. 2014, registered into ZSI-WRC collection as of 2014. Obsolete as: ZSI-WRS. Dahanukar et al. 2017 Current as: ZSI-WRC (fishes & herps). Also as: ZSIP, ZSI/WRC P/ (fishes). Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Ministry of Science IBSD Manipur India F&E Arunkumar & Basudha 2003 and Technology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal. MUFM See MUMF. Manipur India F&E Pathak et al. 2013 MUM See MUMF. Manipur India Arunkumar & Moyon 2016 Manipur University Museum of Fishes, Chanchipur. Obsolete as: MUFM Darshan et al. 2011, Kottelat (fishes). Current as: MUMF (fishes). Also as: MUMF-Per 95 (W. Vishwanath MUMF Manipur India F&E 2012:13, Chandra et al. 2017, personal collection), MUM (Manipur University Central Museum, fishes), Darshan et al. 2018 RCMMF (Research Centre, fishes). MZMLC Museum of Zoology, Mayai Lambi College, Yumnam Huidrom. Manipur India F&E RCMMF See MUMF. Manipur India Geetakumari & Basudha 2012 ERS/ZSI See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India F&E Fish Biology Lab Museum, Department of Zoology, North Eastern Hill FBLM Meghalaya India Dey et al. 2015 University, Shillong. Current as: FBLM (fishes). NERC/ZSI See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India Saikia et al. 2017 V/A/ERS See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India F&E V/ERS See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India Singh et al. 1982 ZSI-E See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India Frost 2016 Zoological Survey of India, North Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong. Formerly: Eastern Regional Centre/Station. Obsolete as: ERS/ZSI, David et al. 2007, Kottelat ZSI-NERC Meghalaya India V/A/ERS, V/ERS, ZSI-ERC, ZSI/ERS, ZSI-E, ZSI-S. Current as: ZSI-NERC 2012:13, Das et al. 2013 (fishes & herps). Also as: NERC/ZSI (herps). ZSI-S See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India Frost 2016 ZSI/ERS See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India ZSI/NERC See ZSI-NERC. Meghalaya India Plamoottil 2016b Departmental Museum of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl. Current as: MZMU Mizoram India Vogel et al. 2017 MZMU (herps). See also: PUCMF. Pachhunga University College Museum of Fishes, Aizawl. Note: constituent Ng & Lalramliana 2012, Ng et PUCMF college of Mizoram University, Aizawl. Current as: PUCMF (fishes). See Mizoram India al. 2013 also: MZMU. KSC Kohima Science College, Kohima. Also as: MA (amphibians). Nagaland India David et al. 2007 MA See KSC. Nagaland India Ao et al. 2003 National Museum of Natural History, New Delhi. Note: destroyed by fire 26 NMND New Delhi India L&G April 2016. Obsolete as: NMNH, NMNHI. Current as: NMND. NMNH See NMND. New Delhi India L85 L&G F&E NMNHI See NMND. New Delhi India Inger et al. 1984 University of Delhi, Department of Environmental Studies, Systematics Lab, SDBDU New Delhi India Garg & Biju 2016 Delhi. Current as: SDBDU (herps). Regional Museum of Natural History, Bhubaneswar. Current as: RMNH- RMNH-BBSR Odisha [ex Orissa] India Das et al. 2010 BBSR-R (reptiles). BSRM See CASAU. Tamil Nadu India F&E Ramanathan & Natarajan 1980 Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, CASAU Parangipettai. Formerly: Biological Station Reference Museum at Porto Novo Tamil Nadu India Ng et al. 2018 (BSRM). Obsolete as: BSRM. Current as: CASAU. Murty 1968, Jones 1969, CMFRI F See MMMC. Tamil Nadu India Bineesh 2015 Chennai Snake Park Trust, Chennai. Formerly: Madras Snake Park (MSP). Ganesh & Ramanujam 2014, CSPT Obsolete as: MSP. Current as: CSPT (herps), CSPT/L (lizards), CSPT/S Tamil Nadu India Ganesh 2017, Ganesh & Vogel (snakes). 2018 Fisheries College Reference Museum, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thoothukudi [Tuticorin]. Note: Fisheries College FCRM Tamil Nadu India F&E Venkataramanujam et al. 1993 established in 1977 as constituent unit of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University at Thoothukkudi; currently Fisheries College and Research Institute (FCRI). FMRI See MMMC. Tamil Nadu India L85 L&G F&E Government Museum Chennai, Egmore, Chennai. Also known as: Madras Smith et al. 2008, Ganesh & MAD Museum, Madras Government Museum (MGM). Obsolete as: MGM. Current Tamil Nadu India L85 L&G Asokan 2010, Frost 2016 as: MAD (herps). MGM See MAD. Tamil Nadu India Wallach et al. 2014 Private collection of J.D. Marcus Knight, Chennai. Note: to be deposited at Knight et al. 2013, Marcus MKC Tamil Nadu India ZSI-SRC. Current as: MKC (fishes). Knight pers. comm. 2016 Marine Biodiversity Museum of Mandapam Regional Centre, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Mandapam, Ramanathapuram District. Formerly: Museum of the Regional Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Saravanan et al. 2017, K.K. MMMC Research Institute, Mandapam Camp. Note: established in 1947; CMFRI Tamil Nadu India Bineesh pers. comm. 2018 headquarters shifted from Mandapam to Kochi [Cochin] with second museum established in Kochi. Current as: MMMC. Also as: CMFRI F (fishes), FMRI (fishes). See also: CMFRI (Kochi [Cochin], Kerala). MSP See CSPT. Tamil Nadu India L85 L&G Wallach et al. 2014 Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Museum of Natural History, Sri Arunachalam & Nandagopal MSUMNH Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Sciences (SPKCES), Alwarkurichi. Tamil Nadu India F&E 2014 Current as: MSUMNH (fishes). Also as: SPKCES SACON Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Coimbatore [Kovai]. Tamil Nadu India F&E Manimekalan & Das 1998 SPKCES See MSUMNH Tamil Nadu India F&E Arunachalam & Johnson 2003 SRC-ZSI See ZSI-SRC. Tamil Nadu India Ali et al. 2014 SRS/ZSI See ZSI-SRC. Tamil Nadu India F&E Ferraris 2007 Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society, Coimbatore [Kovai]. Current as: WILD (fishes & herps). Note: cited as code, two-digit year of Katwate et al. 2014, Katwate WILD registration, collection abbreviation and catalog number. Current as: WILD- Tamil Nadu India pers. comm. 2014, Krutha et al. 15-PIS (fishes registered in 2015), WILD-13-AMP (amphibians registered in 2017 2013). ZSI-MBRC Zoological Survey of India, Marine Biology Regional Centre, Chennai. Tamil Nadu India Pavan-Kumar et al. 2017 Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Centre [formerly Station], Chennai. Also known as: Zoological Survey of India, Madras (ZSIM). Pramod et al. 2010, Marcus ZSI-SRC Tamil Nadu India F&E Obsolete as: SRC-ZSI, SRS/ZSI, ZSI-SRS, ZSI/SRS, ZSIC, ZSIM. Current Knight pers. comm. 2016 as: ZSI-SRC. Also as: ZSI/SRC. ZSI-SRS See ZSI-SRC. Tamil Nadu India Ali et al. 2013, Frost 2016 ZSI/SRC See ZSI-SRC. Tamil Nadu India Plamoottil 2016b Ferraris 2007, Arunachalam & ZSI/SRS See ZSI-SRC. Tamil Nadu India Nandagopal 2014 Das et al. 2010, Wallach et al. ZSIC See ZSI-SRC and ZSI. Tamil Nadu India 2014 Gower et al. 2008, Srinivasulu ZSIM See ZSI-SRC. Tamil Nadu India et al. 2013 Telangana [ex FBS See ZSI-FBRC. India Srinivasulu et al. 2013 Andhra Pradesh] Natural History Museum of Osmani University, Department of Zoology, Srinivasulu et al. 2013, Telangana [ex NHM.OU College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad. Current as: NHM.OU.F India Srinivasulu et al. 2015, Andhra Pradesh] (fishes), NHM.OU.AMPH (amphibians), NHM.OU.REP (reptiles). Shyamsundar et al. 2017 Zoological Survey of India, Freshwater Biology Regional Centre, Hyderabad. Telangana [ex ZSI-FBRC Current as: ZSI-FBRC (fishes). Also as: FBRC/ZSI, FBS (Freshwater Biology India Chandra et al. 2017 Andhra Pradesh] Station). Natural History Referral Museum, College of Fisheries, Central Agriculture COF-CAU Tripura India Dhanze et al. 2018 University (I), Lembucherra, Agartala. Current as: COF-CAU (fishes). Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Department of Zoology, DDUGU Uttar Pradesh India F&E Gorakhpur. FM Faizabad Museum, Faizabad. Note: presumably defunct. Uttar Pradesh India Wallach et al. 2014 LUGD See LUVP. Uttar Pradesh India Kroh 2010 Vertebrate Paleontology Laboratory, Geology Department, Lucknow LUVP University, Lucknow. Current as: LUVP (fossils). Also as: LUGD (fossil Uttar Pradesh India Ferraris 2007, Rai et al. 2013 echinoderms), ULM. St. John's College, Agra. Note: herp collection no longer extant; later SJC maintained by the Academy of Zoology, Khandari Road, Agra, but that Uttar Pradesh India Das et al. 1998 institution appears to be defunct. ULM See LUVP. Uttar Pradesh India L85 Wallach 1999, Wallach et al. ZM Zoologische Museum, Kanpur. Note: presumably defunct. Uttar Pradesh India 2014 Fish Museum, Directorate of Coldwater Fisheries Research, Bhimtal, Nainital. DCFR Uttarakhand India Darshan et al. 2013 Current as: DCFR (fishes). Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Department of Geology, R.S. Folie et al. 2013, Wallach et al. GU/RSR/VAS Rana Vastan Lignite Mine collection, Srinagar. Obsolete as: VAS. Current Uttarakhand India 2014 as: GU/RSR/VAS (fossils). Vertebrate Paleontology Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee. Formerly: University of Roorkee (RUSB) Bajpai & Kapur 2004, Folie et IITR until 2001. Includes: fossils from Vastan lignite mine, Taluka Mangrol, Surat Uttarakhand India al. 2013, Wallach et al. 2014 District, Gujarat. Obsolete as: RUSB. Current as: IITR (fossils). Also as: IITR/SB/VLM (fossils). NRS/ZSI See ZSI-NRC. Uttarakhand India F&E Bajpai & Thewissen 2000, RUSB See IITR. Uttarakhand India Wallach et al. 2014 VAS See GU/RSR/VAS. Uttarakhand India Wallach et al. 2014 Wildlife Institute of India [vertebrate collections], Dehradun [Dehra Dun]. WII Uttarakhand India Chandramouli et al. 2016 Current as: WII (herps). Zoological Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre [formerly Station], ZSI-NRC Dehradun [Dehra Dun]. Obsolete as: NRS/ZSI, ZSI/NRS. Current as: ZSI- Uttarakhand India F&E NRC. Also as: ZSI/NRC. Thomson & Page 2006, Ferraris ZSI/NRS See ZSI-NRC. Uttarakhand India 2007 Aquatic Animal Biodiversity Museum, Department of Industrial Fish and AC-IFF/AABM Fisheries, Asutosh College, Kolkata [Calcutta]. Current as: AC- West Bengal India Das 2018 IFF/AABM/Pisces/ (fishes). ASB See ASK. West Bengal India F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (ASB), Kolkata [Calcutta]. Also known as: Oriental Museum of the Asiatic Society. Note: orginal natural Das et al. 1998, Wallach et al. ASK history collection established ca. 1828, transferred to Indian Museum, West Bengal India F&E 2014 Calcutta (IMC) in 1866 and then to Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) in 1916. Current as: ASK. Bengal Natural History Museum, Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park, BNHMD Darjeeling. Note: incorporated into West Bengal Zoo Authority (WBZA) in West Bengal India L85 L&G 2015. Museum of Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Indian Council for CIFE/KOL West Bengal India Pradhan & Mahapatra 2017 Agricultural Research (ICAR), Kolkata. Current as: CIFE/KOL (fishes). Geological Survey of India, Kolkata [Calcutta]. Current as: GSI (fossils). GSI West Bengal India Mohabey et al. 2011 Also as: GSI/PAL/CR, GSI/GC GSI/GC See GSI. West Bengal India Wilson et al. 2010 GSI/PAL/CR See GSI. West Bengal India Mohabey et al. 2011 IMC See ASK. West Bengal India Wallach et al. 2014 IMC See ZSI. West Bengal India Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Indian Statistical Institute, Geological Studies Unit, Palaeontological ISI collections, Kolkata [Calcutta]. Current as: ISI P (fossil fishes), ISIR (fossil West Bengal India Jain 1974, Sengupta et al. 2017 reptiles). Also as: GSU:ISI (fossil fishes). MARC/ZSI See ZSI-MARC. West Bengal India Ray & Mohapatra 2016 Museum of the Calcutta Medical College, Kolkata. Formerly: Medical College of Bengal, established in 1835. Note: status of natural history collections MCMC West Bengal India F&E unknown; college closely associated with the Indian Museum in Calcutta (IMC) in late 1800s. MCMK See MCMC. West Bengal India F&E Museum of the PG Department of Zoology, Raja N.L. Khan Women's College, NLK West Bengal India Paul & Chanda 2015 Midnapur. NZC See ZSI. West Bengal India Chandra et al. 2017 UCDZ University of Calcutta, Department of Zoology, Kolkata. West Bengal India F&E Kottelat 2013 Zoological Survey of India collections at the Indian Museum (IMC), Kolkata [Calcutta]. Also known as: National Zoological Collection (NZC). Includes: Das et al. 1998, Das & ZSI collections transferred from Asiatic Society of Bengal (ASK) to IMC in 1866. West Bengal India L85 L&G F&E Dattagupta 1998, Tamang et al. Obsolete as: ZSIC. Current as: ZSI. Also as: IMC (fossils), ZSIF (fishes), 2008, Nguyen et al. 2009 ZSI-K, ZSIK. ZSI-K See ZSI. West Bengal India Sayyed et al. 2016 Zoological Survey of India, Marine Aquarium and Regional Centre, Digha. ZSI-MARC West Bengal India Chandra et al. 2017 Current as: ZSI-MARC. Also as: MARC/ZSI. ZSIC See ZSI. West Bengal India ZSIF See ZSI. West Bengal India Mohapatra et al. 2017 Deepak et al. 2016b, Frank ZSIK See ZSI. West Bengal India Tillack pers. comm. 2016 Muchlisin et al. 2017, Universitas Syiah Kuala [Syiah Kuala University], Faculty of Marine and USK Aceh Indonesia Muhammad Nasir & Zainal A. Fisheries, Laboratory of Ichthyology, Banda Aceh. Current as: USK (fishes). Muchlisin pers. comm. 2018, Indonesian Biodiversity Research Center, Denpasar City. Note: opened in June 2010 as a collaboration between Udayana University, Diponegoro IBRC Bali Indonesia Frable et al. 2018 University, the State University of Papua, University of California Los Angeles and the Smithsonian Institution. Current as: IBRC (fishes). LON See NCIP. Jakarta Indonesia F&E LON NCIP See NCIP. Jakarta Indonesia F&E http://oseanografi.lipi.go.id/seja LOZ See NCIP. Jakarta Indonesia rah National Catalogue for Indonesian Pisces, Koleksi Rujukan, Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi [reference collection, Oceanographic Research Center], Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI), Ancol. Formerly: Visscherij Station (1905–1915); Visscherij Station te Batavia (1915–1922); Laboratorium Voor Het Onderzoek der Zee (LOZ; 1922–1949); Laboratorium/Lembaga Penyelidikan Laut [Laboratory/Institue of Marine Marwayana 2010, Randall & NCIP Investigation] (1949–1962); Lembaga Penelitian Laut (1962–1970); Jakarta Indonesia L85 F&E Allen 2010:282, Fahmi pers. Lembaga Oseanologi Nasional (LON) [National Oceanographic Institute], part comm. 2018 of LIPI (1970–1986); Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Oseanologi [Center for Oceanographic Research and Development] (1986–2001). Note: fishes cataloged under NCIP remain housed in Ancol as of 2018, but eventually may be transferred to MZB in Cibinong. Obsolete as: LOZ, LON, LON NCIP, NCIV [typo]. Current as: NCIP. NCIV See NCIP. Jakarta Indonesia F&E Randall 2006 LIPI See MZB and NCIP. Jakarta/West Java Indonesia Arlyza et al. 2013 Center for Research and Development of Oceanology, Indonesian Institute of CRDOA Maluku Indonesia Motomura et al. 2001 Science, Ambon. Current as: CRDOA (fishes). DTI See ITB. West Java Indonesia Iskandar et al. 2011 School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung. Note: some herp specimens (including types) to be transferred to ITB West Java Indonesia Iskandar et al. 2011 MZB; abbreviations DTI or ITB.DTI used for herps collected by Djoko T. Iskandar. Current as: ITB (herps), PALITB (Paleontology Collections). LBN See MZB. West Java Indonesia F&E Bidang Zoologi, Pusat Penelitian Biologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Ferraris 2007, Böhme 2010, Indonesia (LIPI), Cibinong, Bogor Regency. Formerly: Museum Zoologicum Kottelat 2013, Liao & Tan 2014, MZB West Java Indonesia L85 F&E Bogoriense (1894–1997). Obsolete as: LBN. Current as: MZB (fishes & Wallach et al. 2014. Peter Uetz herps). Also as: MZB.Lace (Lacertilia), MZB.Ophi (Ophidia). pers. comm. 2018 PALITB See ITB. West Java Indonesia Murray et al. 2015 Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Kampus UI, UIMZ West Java Indonesia Amarasinghe et al. 2017 Depok. Current as: UIMZ (herps). Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Hessarak, Karaj. Also known RSI as: Razi State Institute; Razi Institute (RI). Note: reptile collection Alborz Iran Rajabizadeh et al. 2011b inaccessible after death of Mahmoud Latifi in 2005. Gholamifard & Esmaeili 2009, CBSU See ZM-CBSU. Fars Iran Rajabizadeh et al. 2011c Zoological Museum of Shiraz University, Collection of Biology Department, Esmaeili et al. 2014, ZM-CBSU Shiraz. Formerly: Pahlavi University. Current as: ZM-CBSU (fishes & Fars Iran Rajabizadeh et al. 2016 herps). Also as: CBSU (herps). Fish Collection of Kiavash Golzarianpour, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad- FCKG Golestān Iran Golzarianpour et al. 2013:42 e Kāvus. Current as: FCKG (fishes) GUZM See ZMGU. Golestān Iran Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2011 Rajabizadeh et al. 2011b, Zoological Museum of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ZMGU Golestān Iran Sadeghi et al. 2014, Resources. Current as: ZMGU (herps). Also as: GUZM. Rajabizadeh et al. 2018 Ichthyological Museum, Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Kottelat 2012:12, Mousavi- GUIC Guilan Iran Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara. Current as: GUIC (fishes). Sabet & Eagderi 2016a Zoological Museum of Hamedan University, Hamadān. Current as: ZMHU ZMHU Hamadan Iran Sadeghi et al. 2014 (herps) Department of the Environment of Hormozgan Province Zoological Collection. DHZC Hormozgan Iran Rajabizadeh et al. 2016 Current as: DHZC (herps). Department of the Environment of Isfahan Province Zoological Collection, Rajabizadeh et al. 2011c, DEZC Isfahan Iran Isfahan. Current as: DEZC (herps). Rajabizadeh et al. 2016 Isfahan University of Technology Ichthyology Museum, Isfahan. Current as: IUT-IM Isfahan Iran Keivany pers. comm. 2016 IUT-IM (fishes). International Center for Science, High Technology, and Environmental ICSTZM Sciences, Zoological Museum, Kerman. Current as: ICSTZM (herps). Also Kerman Iran Rajabizadeh et al. 2016, 2018 as: ZCSK. ZCSK See ICSTZM. Kerman Iran Schätti et al. 2014 ZM-SBUK See ZMSBUK. Kerman Iran Manizadeh et al. 2018 Zoological Museum of Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman. Current as: ZM- ZMSBUK Kerman Iran Rezaie-Atagholipour et al. 2016 SBUK (fishes), ZMSBUK.HD (herps). RUZM Razi University Zoological Museum, Kermanshah. Current as: RUZM (herps). Kermanshah Iran Rajabizadeh et al. 2016 Kohgiluyeh and YUZM Yasouj University Zoological Museum, Yasuj. Current as: YUZM (herps). Iran Fathinia et al. 2017 Boyer-Ahmad Private collection of Farhang Torki, Nurabad [Noor Abad]. Note: cited as Farhang Torki Herpetological Museum (FTHM) and Farhang Torki Ecology and Torki et al. 2011, Peter Uetz FTHM Lorestan Iran Herpetology Center for Research (FTEHCR). Current as: FTHM (herps). Also pers. comm. 2019 as: FTHR (herps). FTHR See FTHM. Lorestan Iran Schätti et al. 2014 MKQ Private collection of Mahdi Kazemi, Qom. Qom Iran Schätti et al. 2014 Private collection of Eskandar Rastegar-Pouyani. Note: associated with ERP Razavi Khorasan Iran Rajabizadeh et al. 2011c Hakim Sabzevari University (SUHC). Current as: ERP (herps). Hakim Sabzevari University Herpetological Collection, Sabzevar. Formerly: Yousofi et al. 2015, Rounaghi et SUHC branch of Tarbiat Moallem University (SUZM), Tehran. Current as: SUHC Razavi Khorasan Iran al. 2018 (herps). Also as: SUZM, TMUS. See also: ERP. SUZM See SUHC. Razavi Khorasan Iran Oraie et al. 2011 TMUS See SUHC. Razavi Khorasan Iran Schätti et al. 2014 Gilan Attaran Farmiani via Zoological Museum of Chabahar Maritme University, Chabahar. Current as: Sistan and ZMCMU Iran Victor Springer pers. comm. ZMCMU (fishes). Baluchestan 2018 Abbassi 2007, Sadeghi et al. Muzeye Melli-e Tarikh-e Tabiei, Tehran. Also known as: Muze-ye Melli-ye MMTT Tehran Iran L85 F&E 2014, Schätti et al. 2014, Tarikh-e Tabi'i [National Museum of Natural History]. Current as: MMTT. Rajabizadeh et al. 2018 TUZM See ZUTC. Tehran Iran H. Oraie et al. 2009 VMFC Private fish collection of Vatandoust and Mousavi-Sabet. Tehran Iran Mousavi-Sabet & Eagderi 2016b Zoological Museum, University of Tehran Collection, Tehran. Current as: ZUTC Tehran Iran Rajabizadeh 2011c ZUTC. Also as: TUZM. Schätti et al. 2014, Mohamad et IMNH See INHRCM. Iraq al. 2015 IMNHB See INHRCM. Iraq Afrasiab et al. 2013 Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad, Al- Waziriya, Baghdad. Formerly: Iraq Museum of Natural History (IMNH, Afrasiab et al. 2013, Al-Dulaimi IMNHB). Includes: collection assembled by A.D. Niazi and staff at the & Al-Sheikhly 2015, Afrasiab et INHRCM Natural History Museum of the University of Baghdad. Note: some fossils in Iraq al. 2018, Saman R. Afrasiab INHRCM, others in Department of Earth Science [Geology], College of pers. comm. 2018 Science. Obsolete as: IMNH, IMNHB, IRAQ. Current as: INHRCM (herps, fossils). IRAQ See IMNH. Iraq L85 Elvira 1987 Kurdistan Museum of Natural History, Salahaddin University, Erbil (SUE), Afrasiab & Mohamad 2014, KMNH Iraq Kurdistan. Afrasiab et al. 2017 UBI University of Basrah, Marine Science Center, Basrah. Iraq L85 National Museum of Ireland (Natural History), Dublin. Also as: NMING NMI Ireland L85 F&E (fossils), NMINH (Natural History Division, fishes). Wyse Jackson & Monaghan NMING See NMI. Ireland 1995, Benson et al. 2012 NMINH See NMI. Ireland Quigley et al. 2018 Trinity College of Dublin, Geological and Zoological Museums. Includes: Huxley and Wright fossils (fishes and amphibians) that were moved to the TCD Ireland Wyse Jackson & Monaghan 1995 National Musem of Ireland in 1959 and returned in 1994. Current as: TCD (fossils). HUJF See HUJ. Israel Fricke 2005 SFRS Sea Fisheries Research Station, Haifa. Current as: SFRS (fishes). Israel L85 F&E Smith et al. 2012 SMNHTAU See TAU. Israel Randall & Victor 2015 Tel Aviv University Zoological Museum, part of Steinhardt Museum of Natural Kottelat 2012:13, Tamar et al. TAU History (SMNH), Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Tel Aviv. Israel L85 F&E 2016 Current as: TAU (fishes & herps). Also as: SMNHTAU, TAUM, UTAI. TAUM See TAU. Israel Šmíd et al. 2015 UTAI See TAU. Israel F&E The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Zoological Museum, Jerusalem. Randall et al. 2013, Mahlow et HUJ Israel L85 F&E Current as: HUJ-F (fishes), HUJ-R (herps), HUJ-PAL (paleo) al. 2013, Wallach et al. 2014 Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali "Enrico Caffi", Bergamo. Obsolete as: Schultze & Arratia 2013:189, MCSNB Bergamo Italy MCSN. Current as: MCSNB (fossils). Also as: MCSNBG (fossils). Lui et al. 2017 MCSNBG See MCSNB. Bergamo Italy Lombardo & Tintori 2005 IBI See MZUB. Bologna Italy Wallach et al. 2014 MACB See MZUB. Bologna Italy De Maddalena 2006 MB See MGGC. Bologna Italy Bianucci 2001 Museo Archeologico e Naturalistico "Giuseppe Scarabelli", Imola. Also Marsili 2007, Mazzotti & MCGS known as: Museo Civico Giuseppe Scarabelli. Note: founded in 1857. Bologna Italy Miserocchi 2009 Current as: MCGS (fossils). Museo Geologico "Giovanni Capellini", Università di Bologna, Bologna. Also known as: Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia (MB); Capellini Museum. Sarti 2012, Sarti & Lanzetti MGGC Note: founded 8 March 1860, dedicated to Giovanni Capellini in 1911; some Bologna Italy 2014, Fanti et al. 2016 artifacts and fossils transferred to Palazzo Poggi (PP) in 2000. Current as: MGGC (fossils). See also: MZUB (fishes & herps), PP (herps). MZ See MZUB. Bologna Italy Bauer et al. 2013 Museo di Zoologia, Università di Bologna, Bologna. Includes: Collezione/Museo di Anatomia Comparata (MACB) assembled by Antonio Roselaar 2003, Wallach et al. MZUB Alessandrini (1786–1861). Obsolete as: IBI. Current as: MZUB (fishes & Bologna Italy F&E 2014, Marques et al. 2018 herps). Also as: MZ (two herp specimens attributable to Ulisse Aldrovandi collection). See also: MGGC (fossils), PP (herps). Museo Ulisse Aldrovandi in the Palazzo Poggi, Bologna. Includes: part of Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) collection including world's oldest PP herpetological museum specimens; fossils formerly held by Capellini Museum Bologna Italy Sarti 2012, Bauer et al. 2013 (MGGC). Current as: PP (herps). See also: MGGC (fossils), MZUB (fishes & herps). Tintori & Olivetti 1988, Mazzotti MCSNBS Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali, Brescia. Current as: MCSNBS (fossils). Brescia Italy & Miserocchi 2009, Bona et al. 2016 DSTC See MDLCA. Cagliari Italy Corradini & Corriga 2010 Collezione Zoologica, Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia, IZUCS Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia. Obsolete as: MZUC. Current as: Cagliari Italy L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 IZUCS. See also: MDLCA (fossils). Museo Sardo di Geologia e Paleontologia "Domenico Lovisato", Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche (DSCG), Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Delfino et al. 2014, Georgalis & MDLCA Sardinia. Formerly: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra (DSTC), combined Cagliari Italy Joyce 2017, Zoboli & Pillola 2017 with other departments in 2012 to form DSCG. Obsolete as: DSTC (fossils). Current as: MDLCA (fossils). See also: IZUCS (fishes, herps). MZUC See IZUCS. Cagliari Italy Lanza et al. 2009 Museo di Scienze della Terra, Università di Catania, Catania. Current as: MSTC Catania Italy Chiarenza et al. 2013 MSTC (fossils). Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Ferrara. Includes: herpetological collection Mazzotti & Miserocchi 2009, MCSNFE of Guido Campadelli (Collezione Campadelli) donated in 2005. Current as: Ferrara Italy 2010, Stefano Mazzotti pers. MCSNFE. comm. 2018 Museo di Storia Naturale, collezioni della Sezione di Geologia e Paleontologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze [Florence]. Formerly: Institute of Bartolini et al. 2014, Georgalis IGF Firenze [Florence] Italy Geology, Firenze [Florence]. Obsolete as: MGPF, MGPUF, MGUF. Current & Joyce 2017 as: IGF (fossils). See also: MZUF (fishes & herps). IMRC See MZUF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 IRMC See MZUF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 ISMF Istituto [Scuola] di Sanità Militare di Firenze, Firenze [Florence]. Firenze [Florence] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 MF See MZUF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Hulselmans 1977 MGPF See IGF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 MGPUF See IGF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 MGUF See IGF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 MRF See MZUF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 MZF See MZUF. Firenze [Florence] Italy Mayer & Tortonese 1977 Museo di Storia Naturale, collezioni della Sezione di Zoologia "La Specola", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze [Florence]. Also known as: Museo Ferraris 2007, Reynolds et al. di Storia Naturale di Firenze; Museo Zoologico La Specola. Formerly: 2007, Böhme 2010, Sindaco et MZUF Imperiale e Reale Museo di Fisica e Storia Naturale (IMRC, IRMC, MRF). Firenze [Florence] Italy L85 F&E al. 2014, Wallach et al. 2014, Includes: new herpetological collection of Benedetto Lanza (NHCL); Mazuch et al. 2018 Obsolete as: IMRC, IRMC, MF, MRF, MZF, NHCL. Current as: MZUF (fishes & herps). See also: IGF (fossils). Lanza et al. 2009, Wallach et al. NHCL See MZUF. Firenze [Florence] Italy 2014 DTRG See IZUG. Genova [Genoa] Italy De Maddalena 2006 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università di Genova [University of Genoa], Genova [Genoa] Note: DISTAV derived from merger of multiple institutes and departments including Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, IZUG Genova [Genoa] Italy Dipartimento del Territorio e delle sue Risorse (DTRG), Istituto di Scienze Böhme 2010 Ambientali Marine and Istituto di Zoologia. Current as: IZUG. Also as: DTRG (sharks). MCG See MSNG. Genova [Genoa] Italy Jiménez-Prado et al. 2015 MCSN See MSNG. Genova [Genoa] Italy Notton 2004 MCSNG See MSNG. Genova [Genoa] Italy Kottelat 2012:13 Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" [Civic Museum of Natural Nguyen et al. 2009, Polgar et History], Genova [Genoa]. Includes: Collection of Marquis Giacomo Doria MSNG Genova [Genoa] Italy L85 F&E al. 2013, Bezdek 2006, Wallach (MSNGD). Obsolete as: MCG, MCSNG. Current as: MSNG (fishes & herps). et al. 2015 Also as: MCSN (insects). MSNGD See MSNG. Genova [Genoa] Italy Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Museo di Storia Naturale della Maremma [Maremma Natural History MNHM Grosseto Italy Sforzi 2017 Museum], Grosseto. Current as: MNHM. Istituto di Zoologia, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, L'Aquila. Note: status IZA L'Aquila Italy L85 F&E Kottelat 2013 unknown; some specimens moved to Università di Napoli Federico II (MZN). Museo di storia naturale del Mediterraneo, Livorno. Current as: MSNL MSNL Livorno Italy De Maddalena 2006 (sharks). IIG See MFV-ME. Messina Italy De Maddalena 2006 Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Laboratory of Milazzo ISPRA Messina Italy Battaglia et al. 2015 ichthyological collection, Milazzo, Island of Sicily. Current as: ISPRA (fishes). Museo della Fauna, Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie, Università di Messina, Messina. Note: Università di Messina formerly associated with Cavallaro et al. 2017, Villari MFV Messina Italy Istituto di Idrobiologia in Ganzirri (IIG), institute apparently no longer exists 2017 and status of collections unknown. Current as: MFV-ME (mollusks). CSI Acquario e civica stazione Idrobiologica, Milano [Milan]. Milano [Milan] Italy L85 MCSN See MSNM. Milano [Milan] Italy Pritchard et al. 2013 Museo Paleontologia Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano [Milan]. Current MPUM Milano [Milan] Italy Lombardo & Brambillasca 2005 as: MPUM (fossils). Stefano Scali pers. comm. 2013 Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano [Milan]. Note: partially destroyed in (via Edoardo Razzetti), Wallach MSNM August 1943 during World War II. Includes: extant collection assembled by Milano [Milan] Italy L85 F&E et al. 2014, Blackburn & Scali Giorgio Jan (1791–1866). Obsolete as: MCSN (fossils). Current as: MSNM. 2014, Marramà et al. 2018, Marques et al. 2018 Museo di Storia Naturale e della Strumentazione Scientifica dell'Università di MSNM Modena Italy De Maddalena 2006 Modena. Current as: MSNM (sharks). Museo Zoologico, Centro Museale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli [Naples]. Formerly: Museo Zoologico della Regia Università degli Studj, founded in 1813; Regio Museo Zoologico (RMZ). Includes: fishes from Maio et al. 2004, De Maddalena MZN Instituto di Zoologia, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila (IZA); herps from Napoli [Naples] Italy 2006 university gabinetto di anatomia comparata (GAC), gabinetto di anatomia generale et patologica (GAGP). Obsolete as: MZUN, UNZM. Current as: MZN (fishes & herps). Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. MZUN See MZN. Napoli [Naples] Italy 2014 Psomadakis et al. 2011, SZN Stazione Zoologica "Anton Dohrn", Napoli [Naples]. Current as: SZN. Napoli [Naples] Italy L85 Wallach et al. 2014 UNZM See MZN. Napoli [Naples] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 IGB See MZP. Padova [Padua] Italy Wallach et al. 2014 Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia, Centro di Ateneo per i Musei, Università Lambert et al. 2014, Marramà MGP degli Studi di Padova [University of Padua], Padova. Current as: MGP Padova [Padua] Italy et al. 2018 (fossils). Also as: MGP-PD (fossils). See also: MZP. MGP-PD See MPG. Padova [Padua] Italy Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Museo di Zoologia, Centro di Ateneo per i Musei, Università di Padova [Università degli Studi di Padova, University of Padua], Padova. Also known as: Museo di Zoologia di Padova. Includes: Gabinetto di Storia Naturale De Maddalena 2006, Meneghini MZP assembled by Antonio Vallisneri, Jr., and his father, Antonio Vallisneri, Sr.; Padova [Padua] Italy et al. 2009 Vallisneri collection donated to University of Padova ca. 1734. Obsolete as: IGB (Instituto Gabinetto). Current as: MZP (fishes). See also: MPG (fossils). Also as: MZUP (arachnids). Richard & Fuente 1991, Gardini MZUP See MZP. Padova [Padua] Italy et al. 2017 ZMUP See MZP. Padova [Padua] Italy King & Burke 1989 Museo Regionale di Palazzo d’Aumale, Collezione Naturalistica, Terrasini. Boakes et al. 2010, Falautano MRST Also known as: Museo Regionale di Storia Naturale di Terrasini. Current Palermo Italy et al. 2014 as: MRST. MZDP See MZUP. Palermo Italy De Maddalena 2006 MZP See MZUP. Palermo Italy Psomadakis et al. 2009 MZPA See MZUP. Palermo Italy Mannino et al. 2015 Museo Zoologia Pietro Doderlein, Università di Palermo, Palermo. Obsolete Psomadakis et al. 2011, Masseti MZUP Palermo Italy L85 as: MZDP, MZP, MZPA. Current as: MZUP. 2016 Museo Paleontologico Parmense, Parma. Note: originated as sezione MPP paleontologica del Gabinetto di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Parma. Parma Italy Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Current as: MPP (fossils). MCNPV See MSNPV. Pavia Italy Wasonga & Channing 2013 MPI See MSNPV. Pavia Italy Wallach et al. 2014 Museo di Storia Naturale, Università di Pavia, Pavia. Also known as: Museo Sindaco et al. 2009, Edoardo MSNPV di Pavia, Lombardy (MPI). Obsolete as: MCNPV, MZUP. Current as: MSNPV Pavia Italy Razzetti pers. comm 2013 (fishes, herps & fossils). MZUP See MSNPV. Pavia Italy Kottelat 2012:13 Galleria di Storia Naturale di Casalina (Deruta) [Natural History Gallery of Casalina], Casalina. Includes: historical collections of the Museo Zoologico Lucentini et al. 2011, GS Perugia Italy della Libera Università di Perugia and Museo di Scienze Naturali del Chakrabarty et al. 2013 Seminario Arcivescovile di Perugia. Current as: GS (fish), GSDNA (fish DNA). Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Piacenza. Also known as: Museo di Storia MCSNP Piacenza Italy Mazzotti & Miserocchi 2009 Naturale. Note: abbreviation assigned here. Lezzi 2017, Georgalis & Joyce MSNP See MSNUP. Pisa Italy 2017 MSNT See MSNUP. Pisa Italy De Maddalena 2006 Museo di Storia Naturale dell’Università di Pisa [Natural History Museum of the University of Pisa], Calci. Also known as: Museo di Storia Naturale e del MSNUP Territorio di Calci (MSNT), Museo di Storia Naturale di Pisa (MSNP). Pisa Italy Bianucci & Sorbini 2014 Obsolete as: MSNT, PUM. Current as: MSNUP (fossils). Also as: MSNP (invertebrates, fossils). PUM See MSNUP. Pisa Italy L85 Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Istituto Tecnico Commerciale Archimede, Modica. Current as: ITCAM ITCAM Ragusa Italy Georgalis & Joyce 2017 (fossils). Mazzotti & Miserocchi 2009, MCRE Musei Civici di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia. Current as: MCRE (fossils). Reggio Emilia Italy Danise & Dominici 2014 BBCD See MDBR. Roma [Rome] Italy Società Romana di Scienze Naturali, Roma [Rome]. Current as: CVSRSN CVSRSN Roma [Rome] Italy Crucitti & Bufalieri 2012 (herps). Also as: SRSN (herps). MACR See MDBR. Roma [Rome] Italy De Maddalena 2006 MBC See MDBR. Roma [Rome] Italy Lanza et al. 2009 Museo Civico di Zoologia, Roma [Rome]. Includes: herp collections donated by Massimo Capula between 1975–2009, Claudio Bagnoli in 2007 and Sergio Zerunian in 2007; herp collections acquired in 2007–2008 from Istituto di Zoologia "F. Raffaele", Sapienza Università di Roma, and in 2009 from Capula et al. 2010, Polgar et al. MCZR Laboratorio Centrale di Idrobiologia. Note: collection temporarily associated Roma [Rome] Italy F&E 2013, Blackburn & Scali 2014 with Giardino Zoologico di Roma (MZGZ) from ca. 1932 to 1980s. Obsolete as: MZGZ. Current as: MCZR (fishes & herps). Also as: MCZRVR (reptiles). See also: MDBR (Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo), MPUR (fossils). MCZRVR See MCZR. Roma [Rome] Italy Cattaneo 2014 Museo di Anatomia Comparata "Battista Grassi", Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie Charles Darwin (BBCD), Università "La Sapienza", Roma [Rome]. Formerly: Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo until 2010. Lanza et al. 2009, Mazzotti & MDBR Roma [Rome] Italy Includes: Marco Bologna Collection (MBC). Current as: MDBR (herps). Miserocchi 2009 Also as: MACR (sharks). See also: MCZR (Museo Civico di Zoologia, Roma), MPUR (fossils). Museo Paleontologia Università Roma, "La Sapienza" Università di Roma [Sapienza University of Rome], Roma [Rome]. Note: currently part of Museo Manni 2006, Paparella et al. MPUR Universitario di Scienze della Terra (MUST). Current as: MPUR (fossils). See Roma [Rome] Italy 2018 also: MCZR (fishes & herps), MDBR (Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo). MUST See MPUR. Roma [Rome] Italy MZGZ See MCZR. Roma [Rome] Italy L85 F&E Museo di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata [Museum of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy], Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Roma [Rome]. Mazzotti & Miserocchi 2009, MZURT Includes: Marco A. Bologna Collection. Note: founded in 2001–2002 in Roma [Rome] Italy Evenhuis 2018 Department of Biology, transferred to Department of Environmental Biology in 2008. Current as: MZURT (insects). SRSN See CVSRSN. Roma [Rome] Italy Franzen & Glaw 2007 Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Accademia dei Fisiocritici, Siena. Current as: MUSNAF Siena Italy Georgalis & Joyce 2017 MUSNAF (fossils). Dolomythos-Museum, Innichen [San Candido]. Also known as: DoloMythos–The Natural Heritage of Humanity Museum; Museo Dolomythos. DMMI South Tyrol Italy Wachtler 2018 Note: code for museum not found, DMMI assigned here; fossils cited according to locality, as in PZIF (fossils from Piz da Peres, Furkel Pass). KUH See PZO. South Tyrol Italy Renesto & Posenato 2003 MGR Museo Geologico di Redagno, Bolzano [Bozen]. Current as: MGR (fossils). South Tyrol Italy Bernardi et al. 2015 NMB See PZO. South Tyrol Italy Lukeneder & Aspmair 2006 NMS See PZO. South Tyrol Italy Bernardi et al. 2015 Museo di Scienze Naturali dell’Alto Adige [Museum of Natural Sciences of South Tyrol], Bolzano [Bozen]. Also known as: Natur-Museum Bozen PZO (NMB), Naturmuseum Südtirol (NMS). Includes: fossils from Kühwiesenkopf South Tyrol Italy Bernardi et al. 2015 (KUH or KÜH). Obsolete as: NMB. Current as: PZO (fossils). Also as: NMS (fossils). Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IAMC-CNR Taranto Italy F&E Pastore 2009 Taranto Private collection of G.A.C Balma & G.B. Delmastro, Torino [Turin]. Also CBD Torino [Turin] Italy F&E Delmastro & Balma 1990 known as: Collezione Ittiologica Balma-Delmastro. IMZUT See MRSN. Torino [Turin] Italy Gans 2005 MACUT See MRSN. Torino [Turin] Italy Cacciali et al. 2016 Sindaco et al. 2009, Böhme MCC See MCCI. Torino [Turin] Italy 2010, Glaw 2015 Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Carmagnola, Torino [Turin]. Note: distinct Giovanni Boano pers. comm. MCCI from Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino (MRSN). Obsolete as: Torino [Turin] Italy 2013 MCC, MCSNC, MSNC. Current as: MCCI (fishes & herps). MCSNC See MCCI. Torino [Turin] Italy F&E Kottelat 2012:13 Massimo Delfino Herpetological Collection, Dipartimento di Scienze della Bolet et al. 2014, Villa et al. MDHC Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino [University of Turin], Torino [Turin]. Torino [Turin] Italy 2018 Current as: MDHC (herps). See also: MRSN. Georgalis & Joyce 2017, Pavia MGPT-PU See MRSN. Torino [Turin] Italy et al. 2017 Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino, Torino [Turin]. Includes: historical collections owned by Università degli Studi di Torino [University of Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, Turin], but housed and managed by MRSN, specifically Museo di Zoologia Andreone & Gavetti 2010, (MZUT), Museo di Anatomia Comparata (MACUT) and Museo di Geologia e MRSN Torino [Turin] Italy Böhme 2010, Lehtinen et al. Paleontologia (MGPT-PU); recent collections assembled after MRSN 2012, Elena Gavetti pers. established in 1978. Obsolete as: IMZUT, MRSNT, MSNT, MSNTO, MUZT. comm. 2013 Current as: MRSN (modern collections), MACUT & MZUT (Università di Torino historical collections), MGPT-PU (fossils). See also: MDHC. MRSNT See MRSN. Torino [Turin] Italy F&E MSNC See MCCI. Torino [Turin] Italy F&E MSNT See MRSN. Torino [Turin] Italy Lanza et al. 2009 MSNTO See MRSN. Torino [Turin] Italy L85 MUZT See MRSN. Torino [Turin] Italy Harvey 1999 Edoardo Razzetti pers. comm. MZUT See MRSN and MDHC. Torino [Turin] Italy L85 F&E 2013, Wallach et al. 2014 Museo delle Scienze di Trento (MUSE), Trento. Formerly: Museo civico di Menegon et al. 2011; P. Uetz MTSN storia naturale di Trento (1922–1964), Museo Tridentino di Scienze Naturali Trentino Italy pers. comm. 2015 (1964–2013). Current as: MTSN (herps). Also as: MUSE (fossils). MUSE See MTSN. Trentino Italy Bernardi et al. 2015 MCSN See MCSNT. Trieste Italy Iwan et al. 2010 Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Trieste [Civic Museum of Natural History of MCSNT Trieste], Trieste. Obsolete as: MCSN, MCST (insects), MSNT (fossils). Trieste Italy Bordoni 2012 Current as: MCSNT. MCST See MCSNT. Trieste Italy Bezdek 2006 MSNT See MCSNT. Trieste Italy L85 F&E Palci & Caldwell 2007 MFSN Museo Friulano di Storia naturale, Udine. Current as: MFSN (fossils). Udine Italy Lui et al. 2017 Lombardo & Brambillasca 2005, CMISNIO See MCSNIO. Varese Italy Mazzotti & Miserocchi 2009 Civico Museo Insubrico di Storia Naturale, Induno Olona. Current as: MCSNIO Varese Italy Tintori & Lombardo 2007 MCSNIO (fossils). Also as: CMISNIO (fossils). Nicola Novarini pers. comm. MSNV See MSNVE. Venezia [Venice] Italy L85 F&E 2012 Museo di Storia Naturale di Venezia, Venezia. Formerly: Museo Civico di Nicola Novarini pers. comm. MSNVE Storia Naturale di Venezia. Obsolete as: MSNV, MVEN (formally replaced). Venezia [Venice] Italy 2012 Current as: MSNVE. MVEN See MSNVE. Venezia [Venice] Italy http://www.asih.org/codons.pdf Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Domodossola, Domodossola. Also known Andreone et al. 2005, Mazzotti MSND as: Museo di Storia Naturale "G.G. Galletti" di Domodossola. Note: founded Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Italy & Miserocchi 2009 in 1875. Current as: MSND (herps). Tyler & Santini 2005, Carnevale Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Verona. Includes: Museo & Pietsch 2009, Bannikov & MCSNV Zangheri della Romagna. Current as: MCSNV (fossils). Also as: MCVR Verona Italy Fraser 2016, Marramà et al. (Lepidoptera), MSNV (Coleoptera), MSNVR (decapods). 2018 MCVR See MCSNV. Verona Italy F&E MSNV See MCSNV. Verona Italy Bologna et al. 2008 MSNVR See MCSNV. Verona Italy L85 F&E Museo Naturalistico Archeologico, Musei Civici Vicenza, Vicenza. Current as: Mazzotti & Miserocchi 2009, MCV Vicenza Italy MCV (fossils). Wallach et al. 2014 Museo Illustrissimi Comitis Francisci Annibalis Turriani. Note: no longer Klaver & Böhme 1997, Wallach FAT Italy extant; specimens apparently not at MRSN (Torino) or NMW (Wien). et al. 2014 AKPM Akita Prefectural Museum, Akita. Current as: AKPM (fishes). Akita Japan F&E FishNet 2 Aquaculture Center of Aomori Prefecture [Aomoriken Suisan Zoshoku Senta], ACAP Aomori Japan L85 F&E Higashitsugaru. Current as: ACAP (fishes) APM Aomori Prefectural Museum, Aomori. Aomori Japan F&E Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba. Obsolete as: CMNH (Coastal CBM Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute). Current as: CBM-ZF Chiba Japan F&E Tang et al. 2013 (fishes). Imamura 2011, Akihito et al. CMNH See CBM. Chiba Japan 2002 EUB Ehime University, Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Science, Matsuyama. Ehime Japan F&E Iwata et al. 1985 MGHSJ Matuyama Girl's High School, Matuyama. Ehime Japan F&E Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum, Katsuyama. Includes: fossil collection Danilov & Vitek 2013, Sonoda & FPDM transferred from Hayashibara Museum of Natural Sciences (HMNS) following Fukui Japan Noda 2016 its closure in 2015. Current as: FPDM (fossils fishes & herps). Danilov & Vitek 2013, Sonoda & HMNS See FPDM. Fukui Japan Noda 2016 FUE Fukuoka University of Education, Munakata. Current as: FUE (amphibians). Fukuoka Japan L&G Kuramoto & Wang 1987 Private collection of Jun Nakajima, Fukuoka Institute of Health and JNC Fukuoka Japan Nakajima 2012 Environmental Sciences, Dazaifu. Current as: JNC (fishes). Also as: JNCP. JNCP See JNC. Fukuoka Japan Kano et al. 2018 KMNH Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, Kitakyushyu. Fukuoka Japan L85 Watanabe & Uyeno 1999 Kyushu University, Laboratory of Fishery Biology, Fukuoka. Formerly: LFBKU Fukuoka Japan F&E Kyushu Imperial University. Private collection of Yuichi Kano, Kyushu University, Fukuoka. Current as: QUYK Fukuoka Japan Kano et al. 2018 QUYK (fishes & herps). IMCF Iwaki Museum of Coal and Fossils, Iwaki. Current as: IMCF (paleo). Fukushima Japan Sato et al. 2012 GPM Gifu Prefectural Museum, Seki. Current as: GPM (paleo). Gifu Japan Sato et al. 2012 MFM Mizunami City Fossil Museum, Mizunami. Current as: MFM (fossils) Gifu Japan Georgalis & Joyce 2017 GMNH Gunma Museum of Natural History, Tomioka. Current as: GMNH PV (paleo). Gumna Japan Smith & Ksepka 2015 Matsui & Okada 1968, Lisle et JSC Japan Snake Center, Ota. Gunma Japan al. 2013 HNSM Hiwa Natural Sciences Museum, Hiwa. Current as: HNSM (fossils). Hiroshima Japan Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Institute for Amphibian Biology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima. Masayuki Sumida pers. comm. IABHU Hiroshima Japan Current as: IABHU (amphibians). See also: ZIHU. 2010, Frost 2016 Hiroshima University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences ZIHU Hiroshima Japan L85 F&E [formerly Zoological Institute], Hiroshima. See also: IABHU (amphibians) BIHM Bihoro Museum, Abashiri. Current as: BIHM (fishes). Hokkaido Japan Miyazaki et al. 2013 Hakodate City Museum, Hakodate. Formerly: Hakodate Museum. Note: Amaoka et al. 1986, Miyazaki et HCM Hokkaido Japan some historical specimens lost. al. 2013 HMC Hidaka Mountain Center, Hidaka. Current as: HMC (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 HMG Hobetsu Museum, Mukawa. Current as: HMG (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 HMH Historical Museum of Hokkaido, Sapporo. Current as: HMH (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 The Hokkaido University Museum, Sapporo, and Fisheries Science Center, Shinohara et al. 2011, Sato et HUMZ Hakodate. Formerly: Hokkaido University, Marine Zoology Laboratory. Hokkaido Japan L85 F&E al. 2012, Kai 2015 Obsolete as: HUNHM. Current as: HUMZ (fishes). See also: UHR (paleo). HUNHM See HUMZ. Hokkaido Japan Wilson & Reeder 2005 MCM Mikasa City Museum, Mikasa. Current as: MCM (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 NFL Numata Fossils Laboratory, Numata. Current as: NFL (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 NM Nakagawa Museum, Nakagawa. Current as: NM (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 OM Obira Museum, Obira. Current as: OM (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 SMAC Sapporo Museum Activity Center, Sapporo. Current as: SMAC (paleo). Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 The Hokkaido University Museum, Sapporo. Current as: UHR (paleo). See UHR Hokkaido Japan Sato et al. 2012 also: HUMZ. Tatsuo Tanaka Memorial Biological Laboratory, Ako, Miyake-jima, Izu TMBS Hyogo Japan L85 F&E Islands. Note: lab closed, collection transferred to NSMT. Watanabe & Uyeno 1999, Geological Survey of Japan, Geological Museum, Tsukuba. Current as: GSJ GSJ Ibaraki Japan Ferraris 2007, Sato et al. 2012, (fossils). Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba. Also as: IGUT IBUT Ibaraki Japan L&G (Institute of Geoscience, fossils). IGUT See IBUT. Ibaraki Japan Agematsu et al. 2008 FSKU Kitasato University, School of Fisheries Sciences. Iwate Japan L85 F&E IPMM Iwate Prefectural Museum, Morioka. Current as: IPMM (paleo). Iwate Japan Sato et al. 2012 Kagoshima University Museum, Korimoto. Includes: fishes donated from Motomura & Fukumoto 2006, H. Kagoshima University Faculty of Fisheries except T. Ozawa larval fish Motomura pers. comm. 2010, KAUM collection (disposed of in 2003). Obsolete as: KMJ (herps). Current as: Kagoshima Japan F&E Matsunuma et al. 2010, Seah et KAUM or KAUM-I (fishes), KAUM-II (fish images), KAUM-VE (vertebrates al. 2015 including herps but not fishes), KGU (paleo). KGU See KAUM. Kagoshima Japan Sato et al. 2012 KMJ See KAUM. Kagoshima Japan Wallach et al. 2014 Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, Odawara. Includes: fishes Imamura et al. 2010, Asai et al. KPM fromt Izu Oceanic Park (IOP, IOPM), Ito, Shizuoka. Current as: KPM-NI Kanagawa Japan F&E 2011, Han et al. 2017 (fishes) Iwata et al. 1985, FishNet2, YCM Yokosuka City Museum, Yokosuka. Current as: YCM-P (fishes). Kanagawa Japan L85 F&E Kottelat 2013 Kochi University, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Shinohara et al. 2011, Ho & Technology, Kochi. Formerly: Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Johnson 2013, Kai 2015, BSKU Science until April 2017. Includes: material from Usa Marine Biological Kochi Japan L85 F&E Hiromitsu Endo pers. comm. Laboratory and Kochi University, Faculty of Agriculture (FAKOU). Obsolete 2017 as: FAKOU, ZIKU. Current as: BSKU (fishes), KCU (paleo). See also: KCU. FAKOU See BSKU. Kochi Japan F&E Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Yoshida (main campus), Sakyo. Formerly: Kyoto Imperial University (1897–1947). Note: FAKU established in 1947 by Kiyomatsu Matsubara (1907–1968) in the Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Maizuru campus; expanded to Yoshida campus upon relocation of Department of Fisheries in 1972 and continued at Maizuru campus in newly established Fisheries Research Station; Yoshida campus collection moved to Kyoto University Museum (KUM) in 2001 (FAKU 60000- Kottelot 2013, Kai 2015, FAKU Kochi Japan L85 F&E 99999, ≥200000 and FAKU P) which also houses specimens formerly at Yoshiaki Kai pers. comm. 2016 Kyoto University Seto Marine Biological Laboratory (SMBL) and Otsu Hydrobiological Station (OHS); Maizuru Fisheries Research Station, Aquatic Natural History Museum, houses other part of FAKU collection (FAKU 1000~59999 and 100000~199999 [ex FRSKU]) including some specimens formerly at MIKU. Obsolete as: FRSKU, KUM. Current as: FAKU (fishes). See also: KUHE (herps), KUZ (Department of Zoology), MIKU, SMBL. HSHS See KSHS. Kochi Japan Matsunuma et al. 2018 Kochi University, Kochi. Current as: KCU (paleo). See also: BSKU (Recent KCU Kochi Japan Sato et al. 2012 fishes). Kochi Senior High School, Kitabata, Kochi City. Note: Takeshi Yamakawa fish Endo et al. 2016; Hiromitsu KSHS collection at KSHS transferred to National Museum of Nature and Science Kochi Japan L85 F&E Endo pers. comm. 2017 (NSMT) in 2012. Also as: HSHS. See also: NSMT. ZIKU See BSKU. Kochi Japan F&E MDM Mifune Dinosaur Museum, Mifune. Kumamoto Japan Averianov 2014 FRSKU See FAKU. Kyoto Japan L85 F&E Kyoto University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies. KUHE Current as: KUHE (herps). See also: FAKU (fishes), KUZ (Department of Kyoto Japan Nguyen et al. 2009, Matsui 2013 Zoology). KUM See FAKU. Kyoto Japan Wallach et al. 2014 Kyoto University, Department of Zoology Museum, Kyoto. Current as: KUZ. KUZ Kyoto Japan Nguyen et al. 2009 Also as: KUZR. See also: FAKU (fishes), KUHE (herps). KUZR See KUZ. Kyoto Japan Zhu et al. 2014 Kai 2015, Yoshiaki Kai pers. OHS See FAKU. Kyoto Japan comm. 2016 Ferraris 2007, Seishi Kimura Fish Collection of the Fisheries Research Laboratory, Mie University, Wagu, FRLM Mie Japan L85 L&G F&E pers. comm. 2010, Nakajima Shima. Current as: FRLM (fishes). 2012 Mie Prefectural Museum, Tsu. Note: opened on new site in 2014; former Mie MPM Prefectural Museum opened in 1953 and closed in 2014. Current as: MPM Mie Japan Nakajima 2012 (fishes). Also as: MPMQ. MPMQ See MPM. Mie Japan Kano et al. 2018 TU See TUM. Miyagi Japan Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Tohoku University Museum, Sendai. Obsolete as: TU (fossils). Current as: TUM Miyagi Japan Sato et al. 2012 TUM (fossils). FLMU Fisheries Laboratory, Miyazaki University. Miyazaki Japan Yoshino & Kishimoto 2008 MUDF See MUFS. Miyazaki Japan Akazaki & Iwatsuki 1987:324 Division of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Yukio Iwatsuki pers. comm. MUFS Miyazaki Japan F&E Miyazaki. Obsolete as: MUDF. Current as: MUFS (fishes). 2012, Kai 2015 Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki. Obsolete as: FNU. FFNU Nagasaki Japan Matsunuma et al. 2018 Current as: FFNU (fishes). FNU See FFNU. Nagasaki Japan L85 F&E NUFES Nagasaki University Fisheries Experimental Station, Nagasaki. Nagasaki Japan L85 SNFR Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Nagasaki. Nagasaki Japan Kawai 2011 FAK See KUN. Nara Japan F&E FKUN See KUN. Nara Japan Takeuchi et al. 2009 Takeuchi et al. 2009, Asai et al. Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi. Formerly: Kinki 2011, Kawase & Hosoya 2010, KUN University until 2016. Obsolete as: FAK (in use 1964–2000) and FKUN (in Nara Japan Hosoya pers. comm. 2012, Kai use 2000–2008 for Department of Fisheries). Current as: KUN-P (fishes). 2015, Mizuki Matsunuma pers. comm. 2018 NUSMBS Niigata University, Faculty of Science, Sado Marine Biological Station, Niigata. Niigata Japan L85 F&E KHPC Private collection of Kazuo Hoshino, Ōita. Current as: KHPC (fishes). Ōita Japan Matsunuma et al. 2018 Okinawa Churashima Foundation Research Center, Kunigami. Includes: fish collection cataloged at the University of the Ryukyus by Mr. Tetsuo Yoshino Akihito et al. 2002, Hiroyuki OCF first using the code URB and later URM, URM-P and URM-PL. Current as: Okinawa Japan Motomura & Kei Miyamoto pers. OCF-P (fishes), although specimens formerly deposited at the University of comm. 2013, Tahsiro et al. 2017 the Ryukyus still cited as URM-P. OPM Okinawa Prefectual Museum & Art Museum, Naha. Okinawa Japan L85 F&E Subtropical Marine Laboratory, Iriomote Marine Research Centre [formerly SMLVO Okinawa Japan L85 Rennis & Hoese 1985 Station], Tokai University, Iriomote Island URB See OCF. Okinawa Japan L85 F&E Akazaki & Iwatsuki 1987:324 Agriculture and Home Economics Division, University of the Ryukyus, URJ Nishihara, Ryukyu Islands. Note: entire fish collection transferred to Okinawa Okinawa Japan Wallach et al. 2014 Churashima Foundation (OCF) in 2011. Kottelat 2013, Ishimori et al. URM See OCF. Okinawa Japan L85 F&E 2015, Kai 2015 KSNHM Natural History Museum, Kishiwada. Current as: KSNHM (paleo). Osaka Japan Sato et al. 2012 Misaki Marine Biological Institute, Misaki-Koen. Note: founded in 1958, closed ca. 1970; collection included fishes from 1958 Amami (Kagoshima) Expedition by K. Matsubara; most specimens lost, some transferred to FAKU Ferraris 2007, Kai 2015, MIKU Osaka Japan F&E (Kyoto University Museum and Maizuru Fisheries Research Station). Yoshiaki Kai pers. comm. 2016 Collection distinct from Misaki Marine Biological Station of the University of Tokyo. See also: FAKU. Osaka Kyoiku University, Department of Arts and Sciences, Division of OKU Osaka Japan F&E Natural Sciences. Nguyen et al. 2009, Kawase & Osaka Museum of Natural History, Osaka. Current as: OMNH (fishes, herps, Hosoya 2010, Böhme 2010, OMNH Osaka Japan L85 F&E paleo). Sato et al. 2012, Wallach et al. 2014, GBIF 2016 Takahashi & Nakaya 2003, LBM Lake Biwa Museum, Oroshimo, Kusatsu. Current as: LBM (fishes). Shiga Japan Kawase & Hosoya 2010 SAHIMEL See SSOFM. Shimane Japan F&E Shimane Nature Museum of Mt. Sanbe, Shimane. Formerly: Sanbe SSOFM Shimane Japan F&E Shizenkan Open Field Museum. Also as: SAHIMEL. FSFL See FSFRL. Shizuoka Japan L85 F&E National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Fisheries Research Agency, K. Matsuura pers. comm. in Ho FSFRL Shimizu, Shizuoka. Formerly: Far Seas Fisheries Research Laboratory Shizuoka Japan F&E & Shao 2010 (FSFL). Note: fishes transferred to NSMT ca. 2009. Heda Shipbuilding Local Data/Bottom Feeder Museum, Heda [town merged http://www.shizutou- HVMSH Shizuoka Japan F&E with Numazu] cb.jp/english/town/numazu.html IOP See KPM. Shizuoka Japan F&E Imamura et al. 2010 IOPM See KPM. Shizuoka Japan L85 F&E Institute of Oceanic Research and Development, Tokai University, Shimizu. IORD Shizuoka Japan L85 F&E Rennis & Hoese 1985 Note: includes Okada Collection. Marine Science Museum, Tokai University, Shimizu, Shizuoka. Current as: MSM Shizuoka Japan L85 F&E Okamoto et al. 2011 MSM. See also: TMFE. Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka. Current as: SPMN SPMN Shizuoka Japan Matsunuma et al. 2018 (fishes). Elasmobranchii Collection, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science TMFE and Technology, Tokai University, Shimizu, Shizuoka. Obsolete as: TUMF. Shizuoka Japan F&E Yano & Tanaka 1983 Current as: TMFE (fishes). See also: MSM. TUMF See TMFE. Shizuoka Japan Tominaga & Kubota 1972 TKPM Tokushima Prefectural Museum, Tokushima. Current as: TKPM (fishes). Tokushima Japan F&E FishNet2 Private collection of Tokiharu Abe. Note: some fish types were housed at ABE Tokyo Japan F&E Tokyo fish market; collection to be transferred to ZUMT. BLIH See BLIP. Tokyo Japan F&E Akihito et al. 2002 Biological Laboratory, Imperial Palace, Tokyo. Obsolete as: BLIH (Imperial Household), LIAIP (Laboratory of Ichthyology, Akasaka Imperial Palace), BLIP Tokyo Japan F&E Shibukawa & Murdy 2012 LICPP (Laboratory of Ichthyology, The Crown Prince's Palace). Current as: BLIP (fishes). FUMT See ZUMT. Tokyo Japan L85 F&E Okamoto et al. 2011 IBRP Institute for Breeding Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo. Tokyo Japan F&E Sawada 1982 IFI See MTUF. Tokyo Japan F&E LIAIP See BLIP. Tokyo Japan F&E Akihito et al. 2002 Rennis & Hoese 1985, Akihito et LICPP See BLIP. Tokyo Japan L85 F&E al. 2002 Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Museum of Fishery Sciences, Tokyo. Formerly: Museum of Tokyo University of Fisheries, MTUF Tokyo Japan L85 F&E Iwata et al. 1985 descended from the Imperial Fisheries Institute (IFI). Obsolete as: TUFIL, TUFLFB (Laboratory of Fishery Biology). Current as: MTUF (fishes). MUT See ZUMT. Tokyo Japan F&E NIPR National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo Tokyo Japan L&G NMNS See NSMT. Tokyo Japan Durand et al. 2012 National Museum of Nature and Science, Ueno Park, Tokyo. Formerly: National Science Museum, Ueno Museum, Tokyo Museum, Tokyo Science Watanabe & Uyeno 1999, Museum, Tokyo Zoological Museum (TZM). Includes: fishes from National Gleadall 2003, Ho & Shao 2010, Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries (FSFL/FSFRL) and Tatsuo Tanaka Kawase & Hosoya 2010, Durand NSMT Tokyo Japan L85 F&E Memorial Biological Laboratory (TMBS), Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo; Takeshi et al. 2012, Sato et al. 2012, Yamakawa’s fish collection transferred from Kochi Senior High School (KSHS) Ho & Johnson 2013, Wallach et in 2012. Obsolete as: NMNS, NSMT-PL (typographic error), TZM. Current al. 2014, Endo et al. 2016 as: NSMT-P (fishes), NSM-PV (paleo). University of Tokyo, Ocean Research Institute, Tokyo. Note: most fish types ORIT Tokyo Japan L85 F&E now at ZUMT. Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo. Obsolete as: TUTg (Teikyo University of THUg Tokyo Japan Sato et al. 2012 Technology). Current as: THUg (paleo). TIU See ZUMT. Tokyo Japan L85 Wallach et al. 2014 TUFIL See MTUF. Tokyo Japan L85 F&E TUFLFB See MTUF. Tokyo Japan Akihito et al. 2002 TUTg See THUg. Tokyo Japan Sato et al. 2012 TZM See NSMT. Tokyo Japan L85 Gleadall 2003 Sato et al. 2012, Tapanila & UMUT See ZUMT. Tokyo Japan Pruitt 2013 WIRI Watanabe Ichthyological Research Institute, Tokyo. Tokyo Japan Ho & Shao 2011 ZMUT See ZUMT. Tokyo Japan F&E Ferraris 2007 The University Museum, University of Tokyo, Tokyo. Formerly: Tokyo Imperial University (TIU) from 1897–1947; University Storage Center for Research Materials (FUMT) from 1966–1997. Includes: specimens formerly Akazaki & Iwatsuki 1987:324, ZUMT in the Fisheries Bureau of the Imperial Department of Agriculture and Tokyo Japan L85 F&E Akihito et al. 2002, Gleadall Commerce and most fish types from University of Tokyo Ocean Research 2003 Institute (ORIT). Obsolete as: FUMT (Department of Fisheries), MUT, TIU, UMUTZ, ZIUT, ZMUT. Current as: UMUT (fossils), ZUMT (fishes & herps). TOYA Toyama Science Museum, Toyama. Current as: TOYA-P (fishes) Toyama Japan Akihito et al. 2002 KMPC Kushimoto Marine Park Center, Kushimoto-chu, Nishimuro-gun, Kii Peninsula. Wakayama Japan F&E Kyoto University Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Shirahama, Nishimuro District. Established: 1922, integrated into Field Science Education and Ferraris 2007, Kai 2015, SMBL Research Center (FSERC) in 2003. Note: SMBL collection developed by Wakayama Japan L85 F&E Yoshiaki Kai pers. comm. 2016 Chuichi Araga; most specimens transferred to Kyoto University Museum and recataloged under FAKU. See also: FAKU. Wakayama Prefectural Museum of Natural History, Kainan. Current as: WMNH Wakayama Japan Matsunuma et al. 2018 WMNH (fishes). Incorporated Administractive Agency National Fisheries University, SUF Shimonoseki. Formerly: Shimonoseki University of Fisheries (1963-1994) Yamaguchi Japan L85 F&E among others. YFTC Yamanashi Prefectural Fisheries Technology Center, Ushiku, Kai Yamanashi Japan Muto et al. 2013 MSSA Marine Science Station, Aqaba. Jordan Anderson et al. 2011 UJZM University of Jordan, Zoological Museum, Amman. Jordan L85 Jordanian Natural History Museum, Al Yarmouk University, Irbid. Current YU as: YUPS (Palaeontology-Selachii, Department of Earth and Environmental Jordan Zalmout & Mustafa 2001 Sciences). Museum of Biology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi DBQA Kazakh National University, Almaty [formerly Alma-Ata and Verny]. Current Kazakhstan Schätti et al. 2014 as: DBQA (herps). Also as: KNU (fishes). IZASK See IZK. Kazakhstan Kurochkin 2000 Institute of Zoology, Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences [Kazakh Academy of Danilov & Vitek 2013, Georgalis IZK Sciences], Almaty [formerly Alma-Ata and Verny]. Current as: IZK (fossils). Kazakhstan & Joyce 2017 Also as: IZASK, ZIA (Zoological Institute). KNU See DBQA. Kazakhstan Vasil'eva et al. 2016 ZIA See IZK. Kazakhstan Zinenko et al. 2015 BK Bio-Ken Snake Farm, Watamu. Kenya Wallach et al. 2014 KNM See NMK. Kenya Zipfel & Berger 2009 National Museums of Kenya, Directorate of Research and Collections, Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. Zoology Department, Nairobi. Formerly: Coryndon Museum (1930–1964). NMK Kenya L85 F&E 2014, Schmidt et al. 2015, Obsolete as: KNM (fossils). Current as: NMK FW (fishes) and NMK (herps, Georgalis & Joyce 2017 fossils). Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of the IBKB Kyrgyzstan Schätti et al. 2014 Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek. DFV See LARReC. Vientiane Laos F&E Kottelat 1998 Living Aquatic Resources Research Centre, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute (NAFRI), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane. IUCN 2013, Chen & Kottelat LARReC Vientiane Laos F&E Obsolete as: DFV (Division of Fisheries), LARRI. Current as: LARReC 2003 (fishes). LARRI See LARReC. Vientiane Laos F&E Kottelat 2000, Ng & Lim 2008 Nam Lik Eco Village Museum, Ban That-Wang Monh. Also known as: Namlik NEM Vientiane Laos Schneider et al. 2014 Ecovillage. Current as: NEM (herps). National University of Laos (NUoL), Zoological Collection, Vientiane. Current Nguyen et al. 2010, Böhme NUOL as: NUOL (fishes & herps). Also as: FES (mammals, Faculty of Vientiane Laos 2010, Sanamxay et al. 2013 Environmental Sciences). Latvijas Dabas muzejs [Latvian Museum of Natural History], Riga. Includes: natural history collections of the Himsel Museum, Riga. Note: originated LDM Latvia Vasiļkova et al. 2012 from museum of Riga Naturalist Society founded in 1845. Current as: LDM (fossils). Also as: LMNH (entomology). LMNH See LDM. Latvia AUB See AUBM. Lebanon Benda et al. 2011 American University of Beirut, Natural History Museum, Beirut. Current as: AUBM Lebanon Bariche & Freyhof 2016 AUBM (fishes). Also as: AUB (mammals). Univeristy of Tripoli [Al-Fateh University], Department of Earth Science, Paleontological Collections, Tripoli. Note: some fossils temporarily held at DT Libya Otero et al. 2015 Université de Poitiers, France (UP). Current as: DT (fossils, Dur At-Talah fossiliferous site, Libya) Assaraya Alhamra Museum [The Red Castle or The Red Fort], Tripoli. Also known as: Libyan Museum of Natural History. Note: Founded in 1919 during Italian occupation, renamed Classical Museum in 1930s, became The Ferretti et al. 2003, Marangoni NHMT Libya Libyan Museum in 1948 during British occupation; opened to public as et al. 2017 Assaraya Alhamra Museum, vandalized 20 August 2011 during civil war. Current as: NHMT (fossils). MHNL See MNHNL. Luxembourg Ferraris 2007 Nationalmusée fir Naturgeschicht [Musée national d'histoire naturelle, MNHNL National Museum of Natural History], Luxembourg. Obsolete as: MHNL, Luxembourg Vitali 2010 MNHNLU. Current as: MNHNL (beetles). MNHNLU See MNHNL. Luxembourg F&E MHNNS See MMNHS. Macedonia Elvira 1987 MMNHS Macedonian Museum of Natural History, Skopje. Macedonia F&E Kottelat 2012:13 Private collection of Charles A. Domergue (herps). Note: presumably in CAD Madagascar Wallach et al. 2014 Madagascar. CNRO Centre National de Recherches Oceanographiques, Nosy-Be [Nossi-bé]. Madagascar L85 F&E Institut de Recherche Scientifique de Madagascar (1946-1957), Antananarivo IRSM Madagascar F&E Kottelat 2013 [Tananarive or Tana]. Note: fishes mostly transferred to MNHN (Paris). Wallach et al. 2014, Agnolin et UA See UADBA. Madagascar al. 2010, Gianechini et al. 2018 Université d'Antananarivo, Département de Biologie Animale, Antananarivo. Böhme 2010, Lehtinen et al. UADBA Obsolete as: ZIAU (Zoological Institute). Current as: UADBA (herps). Also Madagascar 2012, Bletz et al. 2018 as: UA and UAN (fossils). UAN See UADBA. Madagascar Grande 2010 Malawi Fisheries Research Unit, Ministry of Forestry, Fisheries and MFRU Malawi F&E Eccles et al. 2011 Environmental Affairs, Monkey Bay. Also as: MFU. MFU See MFRU. Malawi F&E UMBC University of Malawi, Bunda College of Agriculture, Lilongwe. Malawi F&E Langkawi Research Center of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Pulau LRCUKM Langkawi (island). Current as: LRCUKM (herps). See also: HC (herp Kedah Malaysia Grismer et al. 2017 collection at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi). Ng & Kim 2008, Baharuddin et BIRCUM See UMKL. Kuala Lumpur Malaysia F&E al. 2014 FMSM See NMM. Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Wallach et al. 2014 IMRKL Institute of Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Wallach et al. 2014 National Museum Malaysia [Muzium Negara], Kuala Lumpur. Formerly: Selangor State Museum (SM or SSMKL), member of Federated Malay States Alfred 1963:165, Wallach et al. NMM Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Museums (FMSM), partially destroyed 10 Mar 1945 during WWII, although 2014 some Duncker specimens survived at NHMUK. SM See NMM. Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Wallach et al. 2014 SSMKL See NMM. Kuala Lumpur Malaysia F&E Wallach et al. 2014 University of Malaya, Institute of Biological Sciences, Museum of Zoology. UMKL Kuala Lumpur Malaysia L85 Ng & Kim 2008 Also as: BIRCUM. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong. Also known as: Institut Kuala FRIM Malaysia Onn & Grismer 2008 Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysia. Current as: FRIM (herps). Lumpur/Selangor FRIGL Fisheries Research Institute, Glami Lemi, Jelebu. Current as: FRIGL (fishes). Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Baharuddin et al. 2014 Zoological Museum, Institute for Biodiversity (IBD), Department of Wildlife Rovie-Ryan et al. 2008, Grismer DWNP and National Parks (PERHILITAN), Lanchang. Current as: DWNP (fishes & Pahang Malaysia et al. 2017 herps). FRI Fisheries Research Institute, Glugor [Gelugor]. Penang Malaysia L85 Universiti Sains Malaysia Herpetological Collection, School of Biological USMHC Penang Malaysia Grismer et al. 2016 Sciences, Gelugor. Current as: USMHC (herps). BMRI See IPMB. Sabah Malaysia F&E BORN See ITBC. Sabah Malaysia Matsui et al. 2015 FRC Forest Research Centre, Sabah Forestry Department, Sepilok. Sabah Malaysia Tachi & Rahman 2003 Fisheries Research Centre [Pusat Penyelidikan Perikanan], Likas, Kota Russell & Chin 1996, Kottelat FRCL Sabah Malaysia F&E Kinabalu 2012:12 Institut Penyelidikan Marin Borneo, Aquarium & Marine Museum of University Malaysia Sabah [Universiti Malaysia Sabah], Kota Kinabalu. Also known as: Naruse et al. 2015, Last et al. IPMB Sabah Malaysia F&E Borneo Marine Research Institute (BMRI). Obsolete as: BMRI. Current as: 2016 IPMB. Also as: ?UMSB. See also: ITBC. Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation Zoological Collection ITBC [BORNEENSIS], Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Kota Kinabalu. Current Sabah Malaysia Tachi & Rahman 2003 as: ITBC. Also as: BORN (amphibians), ?UMSB. See also: IPMB. Muzium Sabah [Sabah Museum], Jalan Muzium, Kota Kinabalu. Also known Tachi & Rahman 2003, Tan as: Sabah State Museum (SSM). Formerly: North Borneo Museum, 2006, Compagno 2010, Kottelat MUS Sandakan. Obsolete as: SBM, SM, SSM. Current as: MUS (bony fishes & Sabah Malaysia 2012:13, Kottelat 2013, Puan herps), SMEC (elasmobranchs) with registration no. for zoological specimens Su Chin Sidih pers. comm. 2016 preceded by NH. Ng et al. 2000, Ferraris 2007, SBM See MUS. Sabah Malaysia F&E Ng & Lim 2008 SM See MUS. Sabah Malaysia F&E Tachi & Rahman 2003 SMEC See MUS. Sabah Malaysia F&E Compagno 2010 Sabah Parks Natural History Museum [Kinabalu Park Museum], Kinabalu Tachi & Rahman 2003, Wallach SP Conservation Center at at Kinabalu Park Headquarter. Obsolete as: SPM. Sabah Malaysia et al. 2014 Current as: SP (fishes & herps). SPM See SP. Sabah Malaysia Tachi & Rahman 2003 Stuebing & Goh 1993, Murphy & SSM See MUS. Sabah Malaysia Voris 2014 UMSB See IPMB and ITBC. Sabah Malaysia Kottelat 2012:13, Kottelat 2013 FRCS See SRC. Sarawak Malaysia Yamasaki et al. 2016 Institut Penyelidikan Perikanan Sarawak [Fisheries Research Institute IPPS Sarawak Malaysia F&E Last & Lim 2010 Sarawak (FRIS)], Kuching. SBC Sarawak Biodiversity Center, Kuching. Note: founded in 1998. Sarawak Malaysia Kottelat 2012:13 SM See SMK. Sarawak Malaysia F&E Muzium Sejarah Semulajadi [Sarawak Natural History Museum], Kuching. Nguyen et al. 2009, Kottelat SMK Sarawak Malaysia L85 F&E Also as: SM. 2012:13, Wallach et al. 2014 Sarawak Research Collections, Forest Research Center, Kuching. Current SRC Sarawak Malaysia Kurita et al. 2017 as: SRC (herps). Also as: FRCS (arachnids). Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kuching. Current as: SRWK-P (fishes). Also SRWK Sarawak Malaysia Kano et al. 2013 as: UNIMAS (fishes) UNIMAS See SRWK. Sarawak Malaysia F&E Manica et al. 2002 Onn & Grismer 2008, Grismer HC See UKMHC. Selangor Malaysia et al. 2015 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Herpetological Collection, Bangi. Also known as: National University of Malaysia. Current as: UKMHC (herps). UKMHC Selangor Malaysia Onn & Ahmad 2010 Also as: HC (herps). See also: LRCUKM (Langkawi Research Center of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia). South China Sea Biodiversity Museum at Institute of Oceanography, Matsunuma et al. 2010, Seah et UMT Terengganu Malaysia University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu. Current as: UMT (fishes) al. 2015 Conservation Biology Research Group Laboratory, Department of Biology, CBRG Malta Vella et al. 2016 University of Malta, Msida. Current as: CBRG/F. (fishes) National Museum of Natural History, Mdina. Includes: some sharks from NMNHM Malta Schembri et al. 2003 Guido Lanfranco collection. Note: abbreviation assigned here. NHMI Natural History Museum and Institute, Port Louis. Mauritius F&E UAA Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Museo de Zoología, Aguascalientes. Aguascalientes Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 CI-UABC See UABC. Baja California Mexico Ruiz-Campos et al. 2016 CMMEX See UABC. Baja California Mexico Lemos-Espinal 2016 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada. Current as: CI-UABC Castro-Aguirre et al. 2002, UABC Baja California Mexico (fishes), CMMEX (herps). Also as: UABC (fishes). García-Ramírez et al. 2007 CI See CICIMAR. Baja California Sur Mexico Castro-Aguirre et al. 2002 CI-CICIMAR See CICIMAR. Baja California Sur Mexico Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015 Castro-Aguirre et al. 2002, CIB Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR), La Paz. Baja California Sur Mexico Wison & Reeder 2005 CIBM See CIB. Baja California Sur Mexico F&E Ruiz-Campos & Castro-Aguirre Colección Ictiológica del Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, 2002, González-Acosta et al. CICIMAR Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), La Paz. Current as: CICIMAR-CI (fishes, Baja California Sur Mexico F&E 2010, De la Cruz-Agüero et al. non-ichthyoplankton), CICIMAR (ichthyoplankton). Also as: CI, CI-CICIMAR. 2016 MZUABCS See UABCS. Baja California Sur Mexico F&E Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz. Also as: MZUABCS UABCS Baja California Sur Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 (fishes) CFSHER See ECOSC. Chiapas Mexico Nieto-Montes de Oca et al. 2001 ECO-SC See ECOSC. Chiapas Mexico Rodiles-Hernández et al. 2005 Ferraris 2007, Oscar Flores- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), San Cristóbal de Las Casas. Villela & Rocío Rodiles- Includes: herp collection formerly at Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones ECOSC Chiapas Mexico F&E Hernández pers. comm. 2010. En Recursos Bióticos (INIREB). Obsolete as: CFSHER (herps). Current as: Rodiles-Hernández & González- ECO-SC-P (fishes), ECO-SC-H (herps). Díaz 2016 Instituto de Historia Natural de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Formerly: Museo Flores-Villela & Hernández IHN Chiapas Mexico de Zoología de Tuxtla Gutiérrez (MZTG). Obsolete as: MZTG. 1992, Nieto-Montes de Oca 2003 MZ-ICACH See MZ-ICACH. Chiapas Mexico Köhler et al. 2007 MZ-P-UNICACH See UNICACH-MZ Chiapas Mexico Velázquez-Veláquez et al. 2016 MZTG See IHN. Chiapas Mexico L85 Universidad de Ciencias y Artes del Estado de Chiapas, Museo Zoológico, UNICACH-MZ Tuxtla Gutiérrez. Current as: UNICACH-MZ-P (fishes). Also as: MZ-ICACH Chiapas Mexico Matamoros et al. 2018 (herps), MZ-P-UNICACH (fishes). Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua. Current as: BMCHIHUAHUA Chihuahua Mexico Mendoza-Portillo 2016 BMCHIHUAHUA (fishes). Colección Herpetológica Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez CHFCB Durango Mexico Díaz-Cárdenas et al. 2017 del Estado de Durango (UJED), Durango. Current as: CHFCB (herps). Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional CIIDIR-DGO Durango Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 (CIIDIR), Durango. ADM See MADUG. Guanajuato Mexico Wallach et al. 2014 Museo de Historia Natural "Alfredo Dugès", Universidad de Guanajuato, Flores-Villela & Hernández Guanajuato. Includes: fishes and herps used by Alfredo Augusto MADUG Guanajuato Mexico 1992, Magaña-Cota & Duque- Delsescautz Dugès (1826–1910). Obsolete as: ADM. Current as: MADUG- Dávila 2016 IC (Colección Ictiológica, fishes), MDUG (herps). Flores-Villela et al. 2010, Oscar MDUG See MADUG. Guanajuato Mexico L85 Flores-Villela pers. comm. 2010, Wallach et al. 2014 González-Rodríguez & Ramírez- CI-CIB See CIB. Hidalgo Mexico Pérez 2016 Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Centro de Investigaciones González-Rodríguez et al. 2013, CIB Biológicas CIB), Pachuca. Current as: CI-CIB (Colección Ictiológica, fishes), Hidalgo Mexico Lara-Tufiño et al. 2016 CIB (herps), UAHMP (fossils, Museo de Paleontología). ITAH Instituto Tecnológico Agropecuario de Hidalgo, Huejutla de Reyes. Hidalgo Mexico Daza et al. 2009 González-Rodríguez et al. 2013, UAHMP See CIB. Hidalgo Mexico Schultze & González-Rodríguez 2016 http://www.conabio.gob.mx/info rmacion/catalogo_autoridades/a COHERP-UAG See UAG. Jalisco Mexico utorescolectorescolecciones/Insti tuciones_Colecciones.xls Universidad de Guadalajara, Instituto Manantlán de Ecología y Conservación http://www.conabio.gob.mx/info de la Biodiversidad, Colección de Vertebrados. Formerly: Colección rmacion/catalogo_autoridades/a IMECBIO Jalisco Mexico Zoológica del Laboratorio Natural Las Joyas de la Sierra de Manantlán. Also utorescolectorescolecciones/Insti as: LNLJ. tuciones_Colecciones.xls LNLJ See IMECBIO. Jalisco Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Colección Herpetológica, UAG Jalisco Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 Guadalajara. Also as: COHERP-UAG. Colección Ictiológica del Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, CI-ICMYL Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City. Current as: CI- Mexico City Mexico ICMYL (fishes). Montes-Domínguez & González- CLAC-FESI See UBIPRO. Mexico City Mexico Isáis 2016 CMRC See IGM. Mexico City Mexico Alvarado-Ortega et al. 2016 Colección Nacional de Anfibios y Reptiles, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City. Includes: herps from Dirección General de Fauna Silvestre Secretaria de Desarrollo Urbano y Oscar Flores-Villela pers. comm. CNAR Ecología, Coyoacán (DGFSSEDUE), Escuela Nacional de Estudios Mexico City Mexico 2010, Wallach et al. 2014 Profesionales, Unidad Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz (ENEPI) and Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chapultepec (MNHNM). Obsolete as: IBH, IBHUNAM, IBM. Current as: CNAR (herps). See also: MZFC. CNP-IBUNAM See CNPE-IBUNAM. Mexico City Mexico F&E Pérez-Rodríguez et al. 2009 Colección Nacional de Peces, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City. Includes: fishes from Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chapultepec (MNHNM) and Escuela Nacional de Héctor Espinosa Pérez pers. CNPE-IBUNAM Estudios Profesionales, Unidad Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz (ENEPI). Mexico City Mexico comm. 2010, Mendoza-Portillo Obsolete as: CNP-IBUNAM, IBUNAM-CNPE, IBUNAM-P, UNAM, UNAM-CNP, 2016 UNAM-CNPE. Current as: CNPE-IBUNAM (preferred for citation in publications although IBUNAM currently used to catalog fishes). CPFESI See UBIPRO. Mexico City Mexico Sancho-Vazquez et al. 2015 Oscar Flores-Villela pers. comm. DGFSSEDUE See CNAR. Mexico City Mexico 2010 EBMP-INP See INIBP. Mexico City Mexico CONABIO Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Castro-Aguirre et al. 2002, Mexico City. Obsolete as: IPN, IPN-ENCB, IPNM. Current as: ENCB (herps), Rodiles-Hernández et al. 2005, ENCB ENCB-IPN-P (fishes, Colección Nacional de Peces Dulceacuícolas Mexicanos), Mexico City Mexico L85 F&E Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015, ENCB-IPN-LEM (fishes, Colección de Peces del Laboratorio de Ecología Mendoza-Portillo 2016, Soto- Marina). Galera et al. 2016 Castro-Aguirre et al. 2002, ENCB-IPN See ENCB. Mexico City Mexico L85 Rodiles-Hernández et al. 2005 Flores-Villela & Hernández ENEPI See CNAR. Mexico City Mexico 1992, Daza et al. 2009, Oscar Flores-Villela pers. comm. 2010 Museo Zoológico de la Escuela Nacional de Estudios Profesionales, Zaragoza, ENEPZ Mexico City Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 Campus II, Mexico City. Geographical and Exploring Commission of the Republic of México collection of the World Exhibition in New Orleans, LA, 1879–1885. Note: original GECM Mexico City Mexico Wallach et al. 2014 collection destroyed by fire 29 Aug 1884, second collection Oct 1884–Jan 1885. IBH See CNAR. Mexico City Mexico L85 F&E Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 IBHUNAM See CNAR. Mexico City Mexico Wallach et al. 2014 IBM See CNAR. Mexico City Mexico Wallach et al. 2014 IBUNAM See CNPE-IBUNAM. Mexico City Mexico F&E Castro-Aguirre et al. 2002 IBUNAM-CNPE See CNPE-IBUNAM. Mexico City Mexico Angulo & Gracian-Negrete 2013 Blanco-Piñon & Alvarado-Ortega Colección Nacional de Paleontología, Museo María del Carmen Perrilliat, 2007, John Bruner pers. comm. Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), IGM Mexico City Mexico 2015, Del Moral-Flores et al. México City. Obsolete as: IGM-CMR (Recent fishes). Current as: IGM 2015, Alvarado-Ortega et al. (fossils), CMRC (Colección de Material Reciente para Comparación, fishes). 2016 Instituto Nacional de la Pesca (INP), Santa Cruz Atoyac, Mexico City. INIBP Formerly: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Biológico Pesqueras Mexico City Mexico F&E Dawson 1969 (1962–1971). Also as: EBMP-INP, INP. INP See INIBP. Mexico City Mexico F&E IPN See ENCB. Mexico City Mexico L85 F&E Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 IPN-ENCB See ENCB. Mexico City Mexico Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004 IPNM See ENCB. Mexico City Mexico F&E Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Biológico Pesqueras, Laboratorio LBT Mexico City Mexico Gilbert 1998 Biológico, Mexico City. LEUBIPRO See UBIPRO. Mexico City Mexico Lemos-Espinal et al. 2018 Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Chapultepec, Mexico City. Also known as: Museo de Historia Natural de la Ciudad de México; currently Museo de http://www.sma.df.gob.mx/mhn MNHNM Mexico City Mexico L85 F&E Historia Natural y Cultura Ambiental. Note: various collections transferred to /index.php?op=07habiaunavez CNPE-IBUNAM (fishes) and CNAR (herps). Flores-Villela & Hernández Museo de Zoología "Alfonso L. Herrera", Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad 1992, Meik et al. 2005, Daza et MZFC Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City. Current as: MZFC (herps). Also Mexico City Mexico al. 2009, Wallach et al. 2014, as: MZFC-HE (herps). Pavón-Vázquez et al. 2017 Unidad de Biotecnología y Prototipos (UBIPRO), Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalnepantla de Baz. Formerly: Escuela Nacional de Estudios Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016, Profesionales, Unidad Iztacala (ENEPI). Note: historical collections Montes-Domínguez & González- associated with ENEPI transferred to CNAR (herps), CNPE-IBUNAM (fishes), Isáis 2016, Julio A. Lemos- UBIPRO Mexico City Mexico other Mexican institutions (fishes in part) or destroyed (fishes in part). Espinal pers. comm. 2018, Luis Obsolete as: CPFESI (fishes). Current as: CIFI (Colección Ictiológica, Fernando Del Moral-Flores pers. Laboratorio de Ictiología, fishes), LEUBIPRO (Laboratorio de Ecología, herps). comm. 2018 Also as: CLAC-FESI (Laboratorio de Anatomía Comparada, Chondrichthyes and other marine fishes), UBIPRO (herps). See also: CNAR. Ferraris 2007, Del Moral-Flores UNAM See CNAR (herps), CNPE-IBUNAM (fishes), IGM (fossils). Mexico City Mexico L85 F&E et al. 2015 UNAM (IGM-CMR) See IGM. Mexico City Mexico Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015 UNAM-CNPE See CNPE-IBUNAM. Mexico City Mexico Lyons & Mercado-Silva 2004 Domínguez-Domínguez et al. Colección de Peces de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 2016, Omar Domínguez- CPUM Morelia. Obsolete as: UMSNH (fishes). Current as: CPUM (fishes). See Michoacán Mexico F&E Domínguez pers. comm. 2016, also: INIRENA (herps). Madrigal-Guridi & Domínguez- Domínguez 2016 Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, Universidad Alvarado-Díaz, et al. 2007, INIRENA Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia. Current as: INIRENA Michoacán Mexico Wallach et al. 2014 (herps). Also as: UMSNH. See also: CPUM (fishes). Flores-Villela & Hernández UMSNH See CPUM (fishes) and INIRENA (herps). Michoacán Mexico 1992, Mendoza-Portillo 2016 CARUM See UAEM. Morelos Mexico Montalbán et al. 2012 EBUM See UAEM. Morelos Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (CIB-UAEM), Chamilpa, Cuernavaca. Obsolete as: EBUM. UAEM Morelos Mexico Mejía-Mojica et al. 2016 Current as: CICIB-UAEM (Colección Ictiológica "Dr. Edmundo Díaz Pardo", fishes), CARUM (colección de anfibios y reptiles, herps). FCB-UANL See UANL. Nuevo León Mexico Mendoza-Portillo 2016 Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Blanco-Piñon & Alvarado-Ortega FCT Nuevo León Mexico campus Linares. Current as: FCT. See also: UANL. 2007 Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Flores-Villela & Hernández Nicolás de los Garza. Obsolete as: UNL (fishes). Current as: UANL. Also 1992, Gilbert 1998, Wallach et UANL Nuevo León Mexico L85 F&E as: FCB-UANL (Colección Ictiológica, fishes). See also: FCT (campus al. 2014, Lozano-Vilano & Linares). García-Ramírez 2016 UNL See UANL. Nuevo León Mexico Kallman et al. 2004 R. Rodiles-Hernández 2012, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional pers. comm., González-Acosta CIDOAX (CIIDIR), Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Santa Cruz Oaxaca Mexico & Rodiles-Hernández 2013, Xoxocotlán. Current as: CIDOAX (fishes). Martínez-Ramírez et al. 2016 CP-UMAR See UMAR. Oaxaca Mexico Del Moral-Flores et al. 2015 Colección Ictiológica, Laboratorio de Ictiología y Biología Pesquera, UMAR Universidad del Mar, campus Puerto Ángel, San Pedro Pochutla. Current as: Oaxaca Mexico Anislado-Tolentino et al. 2016 UMAR (fishes). Also as: CP-UMAR (Colección de Peces, fishes). Flores-Villela & Hernández Escuela de Biología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla. EBUAP Puebla Mexico 1992, Daza et al. 2009, Wallach Current as: EBUAP (herps). et al. 2014 Cedeño-Vázquez et al. 2003, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Chetumal. Obsolete as: ECOCHH Valdez-Moreno & Schmitter- ECO-CH Quintana Roo Mexico F&E (herps). Current as: ECO-CH (fishes), ECO-CH-H (herps). Also as: ECOCH. Soto 2016, Barrientos-Villalobos et al. 2018 Rocío Rodiles-Hernández pers. ECOCH See ECO-CH. Quintana Roo Mexico F&E comm. 2010, Victor 2012 ECOCHH See ECO-CH. Quintana Roo Mexico Lara-Tufiño et al. 2016 Colección de Vertebrados, Instituto de Investigaciones de Zonas Desérticas, IIZD San Luis Potosí Mexico Lemos-Espinal et al. 2016 Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Colección de Referencia de Peces (CRP), Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y van der Heiden & Plascencia CIAD Manejo Ambiental del Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo Sinaloa Mexico González 2005, van der Heiden A.C. (CIAD), Mazatlán. Current as: CIAD (fishes). et al. 2016 CES Colección Herpetológica Centro Ecológico de Sonora, Hermosillo. Sonora Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 USON Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo. Current as: USON (fishes). Sonora Mexico Mendoza-Portillo 2016 Instituto Technológico de Ciudad Victoria, Ciudad Victoria. Current as: ITCV ITCV Tamaulipas Mexico Lara-Tufiño et al. 2016 (herps). Also as: ITT (herps). ITT See ITCV. Tamaulipas Mexico Wallach et al. 2014 CAR-EBTT See IBH-LT. Veracruz Mexico Lara-Tufiño et al. 2016 Colección de Anfibios y Reptiles del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., El Haya, CARIE Veracruz Mexico Sandoval-Comte et al. 2017 Xalapa [Jalapa]. Current as: CARIE (herps). EBMTV Estación de Biología Marina, Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz (ITV). Veracruz Mexico F&E Estación de Biología Tropical de Los Tuxtlas, Instituto de Biología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), near San Andrés Tuxtla. Nieto-Montes de Oca et al. IBH-LT Veracruz Mexico Note: herp collection to be incorporated into CNAR. Obsolete as: CAR- 2001, 2013 EBTT, UNAM-LT (herps). Current as: IBH-LT (herps). Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB), Universidad Veracruzana, Lara-Tufiño et al. 2016, IIB-UV Xalapa Enríquez. Obsolete as: MZUV (Museo de Zoología). Current as: IIB- Veracruz Mexico González-Christen & Delfín- UV (herps, mammals). See also: VER. Alfonso 2016 Flores-Villela & Hernández Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones En Recursos Bióticos, Xalapa [Jalapa]. 1992, Oscar Flores-Villela & INIREB Veracruz Mexico Note: herp collection transferred to ECOSC. Rocío Rodiles-Hernández pers. comm. 2010 Colección Científica de Flora y Fauna Silvestre del Instituto Tecnológico ITSZ Veracruz Mexico Canseco-Márquez et al. 2016 Superior de Zongolica, Zongolica. Current as: ITSZ (herps). MZUV See IIB-UV. Veracruz Mexico Flores-Villela & Hernández 1992 UNAM-LT See IBH-LT. Veracruz Mexico Pérez-Higareda et al. 2002 González-Gándara & De la Cruz- Universidad Veracruzana, Facultad de Ciecias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, VER Veracruz Mexico Francisco 2014, González- Tuxpan. Current as: VER-PEC (fishes). See also: IIB-UV. Gándara et al. 2016 CIIR See UMDI. Yucatán Mexico Gallardo-Torres et al. 2016 Colección Ictiológica (CI) del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Vega-Cendejas & Hernández-de CINV-NEC Mérida [Mérida Campus], Mérida. Note: established in 1986 and maintained Yucatán Mexico Santillana 2016 within Laboratorio de Taxonomía y Ecología de Peces. Current as: CINV-NEC (fishes). CZOO-CCBA- See UADY. Yucatán Mexico Barrientos-Villalobos et al. 2018 UADY Colecciones Zoológicas de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Barrientos-Medina & Chumba- Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias (CCBA), Mérida. Current as: Segura 2007, Del Moral-Flores UADY Yucatán Mexico UADY (Colección Ictiológica Regional, fishes). Also as: CZOO-CCBA-UADY et al. 2015, Chumba-Segura et (fishes). al. 2016 Colección Ictiológica Regional de Referencia (CIRR), Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación (UMDI), Unidad Académica Sisal [Sisal Campus], UMDI Yucatán Mexico Gallardo-Torres et al. 2016 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sisal. Current as: CIIR UMDI (fishes). Geological and Paleontological Museum, Taras Shevchenko Transnistria State University, Tiraspol. Note: university descended from Institute for Public Education of Moldova founded in Tiraspol in 1930, although Tiraspol State Gol'din & Marareskul 2013, GPMTSU Moldova University in Chișinău (TSU) is the legal successor of that institute. Obsolete Kovalchuk 2014 as: SIPT (State Pedagogical Institute, Tiraspol). Current as: GPMTSU (fossils). National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History, Chișinău [Kishinev]. Formerly: National Museum of Natural History of Chisinau (1926–1937), NMENHM Moldova Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Regional Museum of Bessarabia (1937–1940), State Museum of History and Study of the Motherland (1957–1983), among others. SIPT See GPMTSU. Moldova Wallach et al. 2014 Tiraspol State University, Department of Geography, Chișinău [Kishinev]. Note: considered legal successor to Institute for Public Education of TSU Moldova Sinitsa & Delinschi 2016 Moldova, founded in Tiraspol in 1930 and renamed Moldovan Pedagogical Institute (1933–1939). Current as: TSU (fossils). MM See ZSM. Monaco Wallach et al. 2014 Nielsen et al. 2015, Berning et MOM Musée Oceanographique de Monaco. Current as: MOM (fishes). Monaco L85 F&E al. 2017 Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Biological Institute, Ulaanbaatar [Ulan BIUB Mongolia L85 Böhme 2010 Bator]. Current as: BIUB (herps). GI DPS See MPC. Mongolia Allain et al. 2014 IGM See MPC. Mongolia Gianechini et al. 2018 MGI See MPC. Mongolia Kurochkin 2000 Paleontological Center, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar [Ulan Sullivan & Robinson 2015, MPC Bator]. Current as: MPC (fossils). Also as: GI DPS (fossils), IGM or MGI Mongolia Georgalis & Joyce 2017 (Geological Institute), MPS. MPS See MPC. Mongolia Danilov & Vitek 2013 BIP See UMFSP. Montenegro F&E BZF See UMFSP. Montenegro F&E BZT See UMFSP. Montenegro F&E FSUM See UMFSP. Montenegro Marić & Šorić 2009 Prirodnjački muzej Crne Gore [Natural History Museum of Montenegro], NHMM Podgorica. Note: collections originally associated with Republican Institute Montenegro Marić 2010 for Nature Protection established in 1961. Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro [Univerzitet Crne Gore], Podgorica. Obsolete as: BIP (Biological Institute, UMFSP Montenegro Marić 2010 Podgorica), BZF, BZT, FSUM (Faculty of Sciences). Current as: UMFSP (fishes). Institut scientifique de Rabat, Rabat. Formerly: Institut Scientifique ISCM Morocco Wallach et al. 2014 Chérifien (ISCR). Also as: ISCR, ISR (herps). ISCR See ISCM. Morocco Gans 2005 ISR See ISCM. Morocco Geniez et al. 2006 Estação de Biologia Marítima da Inhaca, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Broadley 1981, Broadley & EBM Mozambique Eduardo Mondlane. Also as: EBMI. Wüster 2004 EBMI See EBM. Mozambique Private collection of J.P. Tello, Maputo [formerly Lourenço Marques]. Note: Broadley 1981, Broadley & JPT Mozambique herp collection questionably destroyed. Wüster 2004 LMM See UEMM. Mozambique F&E MHNMM See UEMM. Mozambique F&E Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Museu de História Natural, Maputo UEMM [formerly Lourenço Marques]. Formerly: Museu Provincial, then Museu Dr. Mozambique L85 Álvaro de Castro. Also as: LMM (Lourenço Marques Museum), MHNMM. Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity Research Group, Southeast Asia SEABRI Biodiversity Research Institute, Forest Research Institute (FRI), Yezin. Myanmar Qin et al. 2017 Current as: SEABRI (fishes). Zoological Museum, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yangon University, ZMYU Myanmar F&E Kamayut Township, Yangon. Formerly: University of Rangoon. National Earth Science Museum, Geological Survey of Namibia, Windhoek. GSN Namibia Mocke 2018 Current as: GSN (fossils). HF See NMNW. Namibia Broadley & Wüster 2004 NMN See NMNW. Namibia F&E National Museum of Nambia, Windhoek. Formerly: Staatsmuseum Windhoek. Includes: Helmut Finkeldey collection, Windhoek (HF). Note: Bauer & Lamb 2003, Böhme NMNW many uncataloged herp specimens stolen (denoted by "B" prefix in Broadley Namibia 2010 & Wüster 2004). Obsolete as: NMN, NMWN, SMWN. Current as: NMNW (herps). NMWN See NMNW. Namibia Broadley & Wüster 2004 SMS Swakopmund Museum, Swakopmund. Namibia L85 Wallach et al. 2014, Marques et SMWN See NMNW. Namibia L85 al. 2018 Tribhuvan University, Central Department of Zoology Museum, Kirtipur, CDZMTU Kathmandu. Obsolete as: ZICT (Zoological Institution Committee). Current Nepal Budha et al. 2017 as: CDZMTU (gastropods) Also as: TUK, TZC (fishes). See also: NHMTU. NHM See NHMTU. Nepal Kuch et al. 2005 Natural History Museum of Nepal, Swoyambhu [Soyambhu], Kathmandu. Note: founded in 1975 and managed by Institute of Science and Technology, NHMTU Tribhuvan University; fishes collected by D. Edds (1984–1986) found Nepal Shrestha & Edds 2012 desiccated in 1996. Current as: NHMTU (fishes). Also as: NHM (herps). See also: CDZMTU. TUK See CDZMTU. Nepal Kottelat 2012:13 TZC See CDZMTU. Nepal Shrestha & Edds 2012 ZICT See CDZMTU. Nepal F&E Academie Groningen, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen. Note: AG Groningen Netherlands Wallach et al. 2014 destroyed by fire in 1906. Monsch & Bannikov 2012, Teylers Museum, Haarlem. Also known as: Teylers Strichtina Museum. TM North Holland Netherlands Tennant et al. 2016, Georgalis Current as: TM. Also as: TMH, TSMHN. & Joyce 2017 TMH See TM. North Holland Netherlands Van der Made 2015 TSMHN See TM. North Holland Netherlands L85 Street & Caldwell 2016 Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam. Also known as: Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, ZMA Zoological Museum Amsterdam. Note: collections officially part of Naturalis North Holland Netherlands L85 F&E Jan Mol pers. comm. 2010 Biodiversity Center and relocated to RMNH, Leiden in 2012. See also: RMNH. ME See NME. Overijssel Netherlands Diedrich & Gradinaru 2013 Natuurmuseum Enschede, Enschede [Eanske]. Obsolete as: ME. Current Bickelmann & Sander 2008, NME Overijssel Netherlands as: NME (fossils). Klein & Albers 2009 De Museumfabriek, Enschede. Formerly: Museum TwentseWelle [Twentse TW Overijssel Netherlands Neenan et al. 2013 Welle Museum]. Current as: TW (fossils). Museo Laurentii Theodori Gronovii, Lugdunum Batavorum [Leiden]. Also MG known as: Museum Gronovianum, Museo Lugdunensi Batavorum (MLB). South Holland Netherlands Wallach et al. 2014 Note: no longer extant; some fishes at NHMUK. MHNPB See RMNH. South Holland Netherlands Wallach et al. 2014 MLB See MG. South Holland Netherlands Wallach et al. 2014 MPB See RMNH. South Holland Netherlands Wallach et al. 2014 NMNHL See RMNH. South Holland Netherlands Klein & Albers 2009 NMR Natuurhistorisch Museum Rotterdam. Current as: NMR. South Holland Netherlands Roselaar 2003, VertNet 2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden. Note: established in 2013 as merger of Naturalis–Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum [formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie (RNHL), preceded by Museum d’Histoire Naturelle Pays- Köhler & Güsten 2007, Nguyen Bas (MHNPB, MPB)], Zoological Museum Amsterdam (ZMA), and branches of et al. 2009, Jan Mol pers. RMNH National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Leiden. Includes: collections from South Holland Netherlands L85 F&E comm. 2010, Ronald de Ruiter Universiteit Utrecht Zoological Museum (UZ). Obsolete as: NMNHL (National pers. comm. 2010, 2013, Museum for Natural History, Leiden), MHNPB, MPB, RNHL. Current as: Marques et al. 2018 RMNH & ZMA (i.e., original catalog numbers retained; e.g., RMNH.PISC & ZMA.PISC for fishes) RNHL See RMNH. South Holland Netherlands Kluge 1975, Nguyen et al. 2009 Universiteitsmuseum Utrecht, Universiteit Utrecht [University of Utrecht], Wallach et al. 2014, Georgalis UU Utrecht. Note: Universiteit Utrecht Zoological Museum (UZ) incorporated Utrecht Netherlands et al. 2016, Marques et al. 2018 into RMNH. Current as: UU (fossils). UZ See UU. Utrecht Netherlands Marques et al. 2018 Auckland War Memorial Museum, Auckland. Formerly: Auckland Institute Tom Trnski and Brian Gill pers. and Museum until 1996. Includes: herpetological collection of Joan Robb, AIM Auckland New Zealand L85 F&E comm. 2010, Matt Rayner pers. University of Auckland (AUZ). Current as: AIM (fishes & herps, retained for comm. 2014 consistency) The University of Auckland, Geological Collections, Auckland. Current as: AU Auckland New Zealand Worthy 1991, Gill & Eagle 2014 AU (fossils). AUZ See AIM. Auckland New Zealand Hardy 1977 CM See CMC. Canterbury New Zealand Hardy 1977, Patterson 1997 Canterbury Museum, Christchurch. Obsolete as: CM (herps). Current as: Russell 1996, Conway et al. CMC Canterbury New Zealand L85 F&E CMC (fishes). 2017 Edward Percival Field Station, Department of Zoology, University of KA Canterbury New Zealand Anderson Jr. et al. 2015 Canterbury, Kaikoura. NIWA National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Christchurch. Canterbury New Zealand F&E WRM Whanganui Regional Museum, Whanganui [Wanganui]. Manawatu-Wanganui New Zealand Hardy 1977 Hardy 1977, Russell 1996, OM Otago Museum, Dunedin. Current as: OM (fishes & herps). Otago New Zealand L85 F&E Patterson 1997 Geology Museum, Department of Geology, University of Otago, Dunedin. OU Otago New Zealand Köhler 1995, Conran et al. 2014 Current as: OU (fossils). SMAG Southland Museum and Art Gallery, Invercargill. Southland New Zealand F&E WO Waitomo Museum of Caves, Waitomo Caves. Current as: WO (fossils). Waikato New Zealand Worthy 1991 DM See NMNZ. Wellington New Zealand Fricke 2005 ED See NMNZ. Wellington New Zealand Patterson 1997 NFTC See VUW. Wellington New Zealand Chapple et al. 2009 Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington. Formerly: Colonial Museum founded in 1865, renamed Dominion Museum (DM) in 1907, then National Museum of New Zealand from 1972–1992. Includes: collections NMNZ Wellington New Zealand L85 L&G F&E Fricke 2005, Russell 1996 from Victoria University of Wellington (VUW, VUZ) and Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ecology Division (ED). Current as: NMNZ P. (fishes) New Zealand Oceanographic Institute, Wellington. Note: currently National NZOI Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA); fishes possibly sent to Wellington New Zealand F&E NMNZ. Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington. Includes: National Frozen VUW Tissue Collection (NFTC). Note: herp collection formerly deposited in Wellington New Zealand L85 L&G F&E Hardy 1977, Chapple et al. 2009 Department of Zoology (VUZ) transferred to NMNZ. Museo Herpetológico de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua- Sunyer et al. 2010, David B. MHUL Nicaragua León, León. Current as: MHUL (herps). Wake pers. comm. 2010 University of Ibadan, Faculty of Science, Zoological Institute, Ibadan. Also UI Nigeria L85 F&E as: ZM/UI. ZM/UI See UI. Nigeria F&E Custody Museum, Institute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang. CMIZASDPRK North Korea F&E Also as: MIZASP. MIZASP See CMIZASDPRK. North Korea Kottelat 2012:13 BMN See ZMUB. Hordaland Norway Fricke 2005 Havforskningsinstituttet [Institute of Marine Research], Bergen. Current as: Uiblein Franz pers. comm. HIFIRE Hordaland Norway HIFIRE (fishes). 2015, Uiblein et al. 2017 ZMBN See ZMUB. Hordaland Norway Roselaar 2003 Universitetsmuseet i Bergen, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen. Formerly: ZMUB Bergens Museum, founded in 1825. Obsolete as: BMN. Current as: ZMUB Hordaland Norway L85 F&E Bakken 1999 (fishes & herps), ZMBN (invertebrates, birds). NHMO See ZMUO. Oslo Norway VertNet 2016 Diedrich 2013, Borgen & PMO See ZMUO. Oslo Norway Nakrem 2016 UZMO See ZMUO. Oslo Norway Frost 2016 ZMK See ZMUO. Oslo Norway Wallach et al. 2014, Frost 2016 Zoologisk Museum [Robert Colletts hus], Universitetet i Oslo (UiO) [University of Oslo], Oslo. Includes: specimens from Zoologisk museum, Bakken 1999, Roselaar 2003, ZMUO Oslo Norway L85 F&E Kristiania (ZMK). Current as: ZMUO (fishes & herps), PMO (fossils, Ferraris 2007 Paleontological Museum). Also as: NHMO, UZMO. Tromsø Museum, Universitetsmuseet, Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges TMU arktiske universitet, Tromsø. Obsolete as: TSZV, ZMUT. Current as: TMU Troms Norway Uiblein Franz pers. comm. 2015 (fishes). TSZV See TMU. Troms Norway Roselaar 2003 ZMUT See TMU. Troms Norway Bakken 1999 Vitenskapsmuseet, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet i Trondheim, Trondheim. Alternatively: Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Formerly: Bakken 1999, Lynghammar et NTNU Trøndelag Norway Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS), Museet (1926-1984); al. 2014 University of Trondheim until 1996. Obsolete as: VSM. Current as: NTNU- VM (fishes). VSM See NTNU. Trøndelag Norway L85 F&E Omani Aquarium and Marine Science and Fisheries Centre, Muscat. Current OMMSFC Oman Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2018 as: OMMSFC (fishes) Oman Natural History Museum, Al Khuwair, Muscat. Current as: ONHM ONHM Oman Carranza et al. 2016 (herps). SQU Sultan Qaboos University, Al Khoudh, Muscat. Current as: SQU (herps). Oman Carranza et al. 2016 Quetta Museum, Quetta. Note: original natural history collection apparently QMP Baluchistan Pakistan Wallach et al. 2014 destroyed. GSP Geological Survey of Pakistan, Islamabad. Current as: GSP (fossils). Capital Territory Pakistan Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Harvard-Geological Survey of Pakistan Project. Note: specimens to be H-GSP Capital Territory Pakistan Wallach et al. 2014 deposited at Pakistan Museum of Natural History (PMNH). PMNH Pakistan Museum of Natural History, Islamabad. Current as: PMNH. Capital Territory Pakistan Baig 1989, Böhme 2010 Government College University, Department of Zoology, Lahore. Also as: GCM Punjab Pakistan L85 F&E Kottelat 2013 GCMNH. GCMNH See GCM. Punjab Pakistan Kottelat 2012:12 MSK Private collection of Muhammed Sharif Khan, Chenab Nagar [Rabwah]. Punjab Pakistan Wallach et al. 2014 University of the Punjab, Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, PU Punjab Pakistan F&E Lahore. Current as: PUPC (fossils). Center of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi. Note: Panhwar et al. 2017, Siddiqui et CEMB uncertain whether collections are separate from Marine Reference Collection Sindh Pakistan L85 F&E al. 2014 and Resource Centre (MRCC). Current as: CEMB-P (fishes). CEMB See CEMBP. Sindh Pakistan Panhwar et al. 2017 MRCC See CEMBP. Sindh Pakistan Davie & Ghani 1993 Zoological Museum, Zoological Survey Department of Pakistan (ZSD), ZSP Sindh Pakistan L85 F&E Auffenberg et al. 2010 Nishtar, Karachi. Also known as: Zoological Survey of Pakistan. Museo Herpetologica de Chiriquí, Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí MHCH (UNACHI), San José de David. Current as: MHCH (herps). See also: Chiriquí Panama Köhler et al. 2007 MUPADI (fishses). Museo de Peces de Agua Dulce e Invertebrados, Universidad Autónoma de Bernal-Vega & Vargas Jaramillo MUPADI Chiriquí (UNACHI), San José de David. Current as: MUPADI (fishes). See Chiriquí Panama 2016 also: MHCH (herps). Savage et al. 2013, Jay Savage CHP See STRI. Panamá Panama pers. comm. 2013 Colección Zoológica Dr. Eustorgio Méndez, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama City. Formerly: Colección de CoZEM Panamá Panama Ángel Sosa pers. comm. 2012 Referencia del Laboratorio Conmemorativo Gorgas, founded in 1957. Current as: CoZEM (fishes & herps). Museo de Vertebrados, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City. Obsolete as: MVUP Panamá Panama Köhler et al. 2007 UP. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón. Note: houses and STRI Panamá Panama L85 F&E Jay Savage pers. comm. 2013 maintains herp collection of Circulo Herpetologico de Panama (CHP). UP See MVUP. Panamá Panama L85 Papua New DPI See KFRS. Mees & Kailola 1977 Guinea Papua New FO See KFRS. Rennis & Hoese 1985 Guinea Kanudi Fisheries Research Station, Konedobu. Note: associated with National Fisheries Authority (previously Department of Fisheries and Marine Papua New KFRS L85 L&G F&E Fricke 2005, Allen et al. 2016 Resources), descended from Department of Primary Industry (DPI); station Guinea abandoned with some specimens transferred to UPNG. Also as: DPI, FO. Papua New Guinea National Museum and Art Gallery, Port Moresby. Current Papua New PNGM L85 L&G F&E Thomson et al. 2015 as: PNGM. Also as: PNGNM. Guinea Papua New PNGNM See PNGNM. Greer & Simon 1982 Guinea University of Papua and New Guinea, Natural Sciences Resource Centre, Port Papua New Richards & Oliver 2006, Wallach UPNG Moresby. Includes: specimens salvaged from Kanudi Fisheries Research L85 L&G Guinea et al. 2014 Station (KFRS). Current as: UPNG (fishes & herps). MAI See MHNIB. Alto Paraná Paraguay Cacciali et al. 2016 Museo de la Tierra Guaraní de Itaipu Binacional, Hernandarias. Current as: MHNIB Alto Paraná Paraguay Kullander & Lucena 2013 MHNIB (fishes). Also as: MAI (Museo Ambiental de Itaipú, herps). CEBM Estación Biológica de la Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú. Canindeyú Paraguay Cacciali et al. 2016 Colección Zoológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FACENA), Calegari et al. 2011, Andrea CZCEN Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo. In error as: CZFCEN. Central Paraguay F&E Weiler pers. comm. 2015, Current as: CZCEN (fishes & herps). See also: MSUNA. Cacciali et al. 2016 CZFCEN See CZCEN. Central Paraguay Ota et al. 2015:220 Weitzman 1985, Bornschein et MHNP See MNHNP. Central Paraguay al. 2015 Ferraris 2007, Kullander & Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay, San Lorenzo [near MNHNP Central Paraguay L85 F&E Lucena 2013, Wallach et al. Asunción]. Current as: MNHNP. Obsolete as: MHNP (fishes & herps). 2014 Museo de Zoología "Francisco Schade", Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, MSUNA Central Paraguay Cacciali et al. 2016 Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo. See also: CZCEN. Instituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Asunción. Note: includes IIBP Gran Asunción Paraguay Kolenc et al. 2011:514 herps from Colección Biológica Arnoldo de Winkelried Bertoni. Colección Zoológica Para la Tierra, Santa Rosa del Aguaray. Current as: CZPLT San Pedro Paraguay Cacciali et al. 2016 CZPLT (herps) Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional de San Agustín, Arequipa. Includes: collection of Dr. Alfredo Corzo Masías from University of Santa-Cruz et al. 2016, R. MUSA Arequipa Peru Arequipa Department of Zoology (UADZ). Current as: MUSA (herps). Santa-Cruz pers. comm. 2016 Obsolete as: U.A., UADZ. U.A. See MUSA. Arequipa Peru Schmidt & Walker 1943 UADZ See MUSA. Arequipa Peru Wallach et al. 2014 GZ See MHNC. Cusco Peru Doan et al. 2005 Museo de Historia Natural del Cusco, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio MHNC Abad de Cusco. Current as: MHNC (herps). Also as: GZ (herps, Gabinete Cusco Peru Doan et al. 2005 de Zoología). Obsolete as: MHNCP, UNSAAC. MHNCP See MHNC. Cusco Peru Böhme 2010 MUBI Museo de Biodiversidad del Perú, Cusco. Current as: MUBI. Cusco Peru Carrasco et al. 2019 UNSAAC See MHNC. Cusco Peru Doan et al. 2005 Venegas et al. 2013, Peter Uetz CORBIDI Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad, Lima. Current as: CORBIDI (herps). Lima Peru pers. comm. 2014 IMARPE Instituto del Mar del Perú, Callao, Lima. Lima Peru L85 F&E Instituto Nacional de Salud, Division de Animales Venenosos, Lima. Current INSDAV Lima Peru Feitosa et al. 2015 as: INSDAV (herps). MHNJP See MUSM. Lima Peru L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. MHNSM See MUSM. Lima Peru 2014 Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima. Also known as: Museo de Historia Natural "Javier Prado" (MHNJP). Böhme 2010, Scheyer & Delfino MUSM Lima Peru F&E Obsolete as: MHNJP, MHNSM, UNMSM. Current as: MUSM (fishes, herps & 2016, Ortega & Hidalgo 2016 fossils). UNMSM See MUSM. Lima Peru Museo de Historia Natural "Vera Alleman H.", Universidad Ricardo Palma, URP Lima Peru Böhme 2010 Santiago de Surco, Lima. Current as: URP (amphibians). GGU-IIAP See IIAP. Loreto Peru Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos. Current as: IIAP Loreto Peru García-Dávila et al. 2013 GGU-IIAP (Giussepe Gagliardi collection), IIAP (fishes & herps). Museo de Zoologia, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos. MZUNAP Loreto Peru Poe et al. 2015 Current as: MZUNAP. Obsolete as: UNAP (fishes). UNAP See MZUNAP. Loreto Peru Sousa & Rapp Py-Daniel 2005 UPMIN University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao, Mindanao Island. Davao Philippines Helgen et al. 2007 Aquaculture Department Museum, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development AQDM Iloilo Philippines L&G Center, Tigbauan, Panay Island. Museum of Natural Sciences, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Matsunuma et al. 2018, Uiblein UPVMI Iloilo Philippines University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao. Current as: UPVMI (fishes) et al. 2018 University of the Philippines Los Baños, Animal Biology Division, Institute of Randall & Allen 2010:282, UPLB Laguna Philippines Biological Sciences, Los Baños. Current as: UPLB (fishes). Gerry Allen pers. comm. 2014 Nguyen et al. 2009, Wallach et BSM See BSMP. Metro Manila Philippines al. 2014 Bureau of Science (BSM), Manila, Luzon. Note: completely destroyed Jan Ferraris 2007, Wallach et al. BSMP Metro Manila Philippines F&E 1945 during World War II 2014 NMCR See PNM. Metro Manila Philippines Mendoza & Naruse 2010 P1L See UPMSI. Metro Manila Philippines Licuanan & Aliño 2009 PBRC See UPMSI. Metro Manila Philippines Rosenberg & Stahlschmidt 2011 Rösler et al. 2006, Last et al. National Museum of the Philippines, Manila, Luzon. Obsolete as: PNMI. PNM Metro Manila Philippines L85 F&E 2014, Siler et al. 2016, Ebert et Current as: PNM (fishes & herps). Also as: NMCR (crustaceans). al. 2018 PNMI See PNM. Metro Manila Philippines F&E STUM University of Santo Tomas (UST), Manila. Metro Manila Philippines L85 Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City. UPMSI Also as: P1L (corals), PBRC (Philippine Biodiversity Resource Center, Metro Manila Philippines F&E mollusks). Silliman University Marine Laboratories, Dumaguete. Note: some fishes Last et al. 2014, Ebert et al. SUML transferred to PNM as types. Current as: SUML (fishes). Also as: SUP Negros Oriental Philippines 2018 (herps) SUP Silliman University, Dumaguete. Also as: SUML (fishes) Negros Oriental Philippines Wallach et al. 2014 Western Philippines University, Puerto Princesa City Campus, Puerto WPU-PPC Palawan Philippines F&E Maeda & Palla 2015 Princesa, Palawan Island. Current as: WPU-PPC (fishes). Muzeum Przyrodnicze Instytutu Systematyki i Ewolucji Zwierząt (ISEZ), Polskiej Akademii Nauk [Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, ISEA Polish Academy of Sciences], Kraków [Cracow]. Formerly: Institute of Lesser Poland Poland Roselaar 2003, Stebnicka 2005 Systematic and Experimental Zoology (ZZSD) until 1989. Current as: ISEA (entomology, birds), ZZSiD (fossils). Also as: ISEZ, ZZS, ZZSD. ISEZ See ISEA. Lesser Poland Poland KM See ZMJU. Lesser Poland Poland L85 Coloma et al. 2007 Muzeum Zoologiczne Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego [Zoological Museum of the ZMJU Jagiellonian University], Kraków [Cracow]. Current as: ZMJU. Also as: KM Lesser Poland Poland Duellman 2015 (herps). ZZS See ISEA. Lesser Poland Poland Wallach et al. 2014 ZZSD See ISEA. Lesser Poland Poland Wallach et al. 2014 ZZSiD See ISEA. Lesser Poland Poland Ivanov & Čerňanský 2017 Muzeum Geologiczne, Instytutu Nauk Geologicznych Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego [Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Wroclaw], HTW Mazovia Poland Klinger & Kennedy 2001 Wrocław [Breslau]. Also known as: Henryk Teisseyre Geological Museum. Current as: HTW (fossils). See also: MNHW. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii, Polskiej Akademii Nauk [Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences], Warszawa [Warsaw]. Formerly: Zoological Cabinet of predecessors to the University of Warsaw including Royal University of Warsaw (1819–1831), Main School (1862–1869), and Imperial University of Warsaw (1869–1915); National Museum of Natural History, Zoology Department [Narodowe Muzeum Przyrodnicze, Dział Kazubski 1996, Kottelat 2013, IZPAN Zoologiczny (NMPW)] (1919–1921), Polish State Museum of Natural History Mazovia Poland F&E Wallach et al. 2014 (1921–1928), renamed State Zoological Museum [Państwowe Muzeum Zoologiczne (PMZW)] in 1928; became part of the Zoological Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1952. Includes: Muzeum Zoologiczne Branickich (MZBW); part of Zoologische Sammlung zu Stettin [Szczecin] (ZSS) salvaged in 1945. Obsolete as: NMPW, PMZW, ZPPAN. Also as: MIZ (birds), MZPW (birds). See also: ZPAL (fossils). Muzeum Ewolucji, Polskiej Akademii Nauk [Museum of Evolution, Polish Academy of Sciences], Warszawa [Warsaw]. Note: public display part of MEPAN Mazovia Poland F&E Rembiszewski 1980, 1981 both IZPAN and ZPAL; fluid-preserved fishes cited as MEPAN presumably at IZPAN. See also: IZPAN (fishes, herps), ZPAL (fossils). MIZ See IZPAN. Mazovia Poland Mlíkovský 2009 Muzeum Przyrodnicze Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego [Museum of Natural History, University of Wroclaw], Wrocław [Breslau]. Also known as: Władysław Rydzewski Museum of Natural History. Formerly: Zoological Museum Breslau. Note: fossils from Instytut Paleobiologii, Warszawa, Jałoszyński et al. 2014, Wanat MNHW Mazovia Poland apparently housed separately in Instytut Biologii Środowiskowej, Zakład & Pokryszko 2014 Paleozoologii [Department of Paleozoology] (ZPALUWr). Obsolete as: NMHW, ZPW (Zakład Paleozoologii), ZPWM (Zakład Mineralogii). Current as: MNHW. Also as: MPUW (birds), UWZM (herps). See also: HTW (fossils). MPUW See MNHW. Mazovia Poland Roselaar 2003 Muzeum Wydziału Geologii, Uniwersytet Warszawski [Museum of the Faculty MWGUW Mazovia Poland Ginter et al. 2011 of Geology, University of Warsaw], Warszawa [Warsaw]. Muzeum Zoologiczne Branickich [Branicki Zoological Museum], Warszawa [Warsaw]. Note: established in 1887; after WWI, transferred to National MZBW Mazovia Poland Kazubski 1996, Mlíkovský 2009 Museum of Natural History (NMPW), now Museum and Institute of Zoology (IZPAN), Warsaw. See also: IZPAN. MZPW See IZPAN. Mazovia Poland Roselaar 2003 NMHW See MNHW. Mazovia Poland Kottelat 2012:13 NMPW See IZPAN. Mazovia Poland Mlíkovský 2009 PMZW See IZPAN. Mazovia Poland Mlíkovský 2009 Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław [Breslau]. UPW Mazovia Poland Kovalchuk & Ferraris 2016 Current as: UPW (fossils). UWZM See MNHW. Mazovia Poland F&E Borczyk 2013 Instytut Paleobiologii, Polskiej Akademii Nauk [Institute of Paleobiology, Sulimski et al. 1979, Rees Polish Academy of Sciences], Warszawa [Warsaw]. Note: some fossils 2005, Brusatte et al. 2009, ZPAL Mazovia Poland housed at Wrocław University Department of Paleozoology (see MNHW). Daza et al. 2014, Allain et al. Current as: ZPAL (fossils). See also: IZPAN (fishes & herps). 2015 Van der Made 2015, Badura et ZPALUWr See MNHW. Mazovia Poland al. 2017 ZPALWr See MNHW. Mazovia Poland Micklich et al. 2016 ZPPAN See IZPAN. Mazovia Poland Wallach et al. 2014 ZPW See MNHW. Mazovia Poland Wallach et al. 2014 ZPWM See MNHW. Mazovia Poland Wallach et al. 2014 HEL See HML. Pomeranian Poland http://www.asih.org/codons.pdf Hel Marine Station [formerly Laboratory], University of Gdańsk [Stacja HML Pomeranian Poland F&E Morska Instytutu Oceanografii Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego], Hel. Also as: HEL. Muzeum Przyrody i Techniki [Museum of Nature and Technology (MNtS)], MPT Starachowice. Formerly: Museum of History of Material Culture (MHkM). Świętokrzyskie Poland Sulej & Niedźwiedzki 2013 Current as: MPT.P (fossils). Zoologische Sammlung zu Stettin, Szczecin [Stettin]. Note: collection Roselaar 2003, Wallach et al. ZSS damaged during WWII, remaining part transferred to IZPAN, Warszawa West Pomeranian Poland 2014 [Warsaw] in 1945. DOP/UA See Uaç. Azores Portugal Santos et al. 1997 Museu Carlos Machado, Ponta Delgada, São Miguel Island. Current as: MCM Santos et al. 1997, Carneiro et MCM Azores Portugal L85 F&E (fishes) al. 2014 Universidade dos Açores [University of the Azores], Departamento de Ciências Agrárias (DCA), Angra do Heroísmo, island of Terceira, and Departamento de Oceanografia e Pescas (DOP), Horta, island of Faial. Note: fish specimens vouchered separately at DOP and Anatomy Laboratory of Barreiros et al. 2011, Barreiros UAç Azores Portugal DCA; DOP restructured in 2015, split between Faculdade de Ciências e et al. 2014 Tecnologia and new Okeanos R&D center in Horta. Current as: Uaç-DCA (Dept. Ciências Agrárias, fishes), Uaç-DOP (Dept. Oceanografia e Pescas, fishes). Also as: DOP/UA. Museu da Ciência da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra. Formerly: Museu Ceríaco & Bauer 2017, Luis MCUC Coimbra Portugal de Zoologia. Current as MCUC/ZOO (zoology). Ceríaco pers. comm. 2019 MZC See MCUC. Coimbra Portugal L85 Aquário Vasco da Gama, Lisboa [Lisbon]. Includes: Oceanographic AVG Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal L85 Carneiro et al. 2014 Collection of D. Carlos I. Current as: AVG (fishes). BML See MUHNAC. Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal Wallach et al. 2014 Gans 1976, Roselaar 2003, P. CZ-IICT See IICT. Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal Uetz pers. comm. 2014 Gans 1976, P. Uetz pers. CZL See IICT. Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal comm. 2014, Marques et al. 2018 Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, Centro de Zoologia, Lisboa [Lisbon]. Formerly: Junta de Investigações Científicas do Ultramar (JICU) Monteiro et al. 2014, Ceríaco et IICT ca. 1973-79. Note: collections housed at MUHNAC, but remain independent. Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal al. 2016, Luis Ceríaco pers. Obsolete as: CZL. Current as: IICT (herps, birds). Also as: CZ-IICT. See comm. 2019 also: MUHNAC. Instituto Nacional de Investigaçao das Pescas e do Mar, Algés, Oeiras. Includes: fishes formerly deposited at Centro de Biologia Piscatória, Lisboa. Note: IPIMAR and Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária (INIA) merged INIP to become Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e das Pescas (INIAP) in Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal L85 F&E Edwards 1986 2002, which merged with Laboratório Nacional de Investigação Veterinária (LNIV) to become Instituto Nacional de Recursos Biológicos (INRB I.P./L- IPIMAR) in 2006. Santos et al. 1997, Roselaar MB See MUHNAC. Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal L85 F&E 2003, Wallach et al. 2014, Mateus et al. 2013 Bogutskaya 2000, González- MBL See MUHNAC. Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal Fernández et al. 2009 Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa [Lisbon]. Also known as: Museu Bocage (MB) since 1904. Formerly: Museu Nacional de História Natural (MNHN) de Lisboa (1926–2011). Note: Ceríaco et al. 2016, Ceríaco & original collection destroyed by fire 18 Mar 1978, but historical archives Bauer 2017, Ceríaco et al. MUHNAC Lisboa [Lisbon] Portugal largely survived; IICT collections housed at MUHNAC, but remain 2018, Marques et al. 2019, Luis independent. Obsolete as: BML, MB, MBL. Current as: MUHNAC, Ceríaco pers. comm. 2019 MUHNAC/MB06 (cartilaginous fishes), MUHNAC/MB05 (bony fishes), MUHNAC/MB04 (amphibians), MUHNAC/MB03 (reptiles). See also: IICT. Museu de História Natural do Funchal, Departamento de Ciência da Câmara MHNF Municipal do Funchal, Funchal. Formerly: Museu Regional da Madeira Madeira Portugal L85 F&E Wirtz 1998, Carneiro et al. 2014 (1929–1933), Museu Municipal (História Natural) do Funchal. Also as: MMF. MMF See MHNF. Madeira Portugal González et al. 2014 Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto, Porto. Formerly: Instituto de Zoologia which incorporated the museum, Estação de Biologia Marinha and general laboratory of Universidade do Porto under the directorship of Augusto Nobre in 1921; Museu de História Natural da MHNCUP Porto Portugal Luis Ceríaco pers. comm. 2019 Universidade do Porto (MHNFCP). Note: Universidade do Porto established in 1911, descended from Academia Politécnica do Porto established in 1837. Obsolete as: MUP, MZP, MHNFCP. Current as: MHNCUP/ICT (fishes), MHNCUP/AMP (amphibians), MHNCUP/REP (reptiles). MHNFCP See MHNCUP. Porto Portugal Ceríaco et al. 2014 MUP See MHNCUP. Porto Portugal Marques et al. 2018 MZP See MHNCUP. Porto Portugal L85 Museo Zoológico, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras. Note: collection Mahmoud Aboukheir, pers. MZUPRRP separate from University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez (UPRM). Obsolete as: Puerto Rico comm. 2013 UPRRP. Current as: MZUPRRP. UPR See UPRM. Puerto Rico F&E Wallach et al. 2014 University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez. Note: collection separate from Museo Zoológico, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras (MZUPRRP). Current as: UPRM Puerto Rico L85 Poss & Collette 1995:69 UPRM (fishes & herps), UPRMP (Department of Geology Paleontology Collection, fossils). Also as: UPR. UPRMP See UPRM. Puerto Rico Vélez-Juarbe et al. 2007 UPRRP See MZUPRRP. Puerto Rico L85 Muzeul Țării Crișurilor [Muzeul Tarii Crisurilor; Cris Country Museum], TCM Bihor Romania Vremir et al. 1997 Oradea. Current as: TCM (fossils). Csiki et al. 2005, Diedrich & Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, Universitatea din București [University of FGGUB București [Bucharest] Romania Grandinaru 2013, Tennant et al. Bucharest], București [Bucharest]. Current as: FGGUB (fossils). 2016 GAMNH See MGAB. București [Bucharest] Romania Roselaar 2003 L'Institut d'Anatomie et de Chirurgie [Institue of Anatomy and Surgery], București [Bucharest]. Note: established in late 1800s in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Bucharest; deposition of holotype of Glauconia Jacquet 1896, Wallach et al. IACB algeriensis Jacquet, 1896 not confirmed here, but presumably originally București [Bucharest] Romania 2014, Van Wallach pers. comm. associated with IACB; holotype also questionably associated with Institutul 2018 National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Stirte Biologice, Bucharest (INCDS) by Wallach et al. (2014). Fuhn 1970, Holčík & Hensel IBTS See ISBB. București [Bucharest] Romania L85 F&E 1974 INCDS See IACB. București [Bucharest] Romania Wallach et al. 2014 ISB See ISB. București [Bucharest] Romania Smith & Codrea 2015 Institutul de Biologie Bucureşti, București [Bucharest]. Formerly: Institutul de Biologie "Traian Săvulescu" (IBTS) established in 1960, part of Institutului ISBB Central de Biologie (ICEBIOL) (1973–1990), became Institutul de Biologie București [Bucharest] Romania L85 F&E Singh et al. 1982, Kottelat 2013 Bucureşti within Academiei Române in 1990. Obsolete as: IBTS. Current as: ISBB. Institutul Speologie "Emil G. Racoviţă", București [Bucharest]. Note: founded in 1920 by Emil Racovita (1868–1947) in the Faculty of Sciences at University of Cluj (now Babeș-Bolyai University); reorganized in 1956 with ISER București [Bucharest] Romania F&E Tabacaru & Giurginca 2003 main headquarters in Bucharest and branch in Cluj-Napoca. Current as: ISER (biospeleological collection). Also as: ISB (paleontological collection, fossils). Muzeul Național de Istorie Naturală "Grigore Antipa", București [Bucharest]. MGAB București [Bucharest] Romania L85 F&E Kottelat 2012:13, Kottelat 2013 Obsolete as: MHNGA, MIN G (herps), MINB. Current as: MGAB. MIN G See MGAB. București [Bucharest] Romania Fuhn 1970 MINB See MGAB. București [Bucharest] Romania F&E Singh et al. 1982 NHMB See MGAB. București [Bucharest] Romania F&E BBU See UBB. Cluj-Napoca Romania Cadena & Joyce 2015 MPS-BBU-CN See UBB. Cluj-Napoca Romania Săsăran 2016 Vremir et al. 1997, Georgalis & MTB See UBB. Cluj-Napoca Romania Joyce 2017 Museum of Zoology, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai [Babeș-Bolyai University], MZBBU Cluj-Napoca. Current as: MZBBU (insects). See also: ISER (Institutul Cluj-Napoca Romania Kolcsár et al. 2015 Speologie, Bucharest), UBB (fossils). TBM See UBB. Cluj-Napoca Romania Csiki et al. 2005 Museum of Paleontology-Stratigraphy, Department of Geology, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai [Babeș-Bolyai University], Cluj-Napoca. Note: established in 1959 via merger of Victor Babeş University (name adopted in 1948) and Bolyai University (name adopted in 1945); Victor Babeş University formerly known as Hungarian University of Cluj (1872–1881), Franz Joseph University (1881–1919), Romanian University of Cluj (1919–1927), and King Ferdinand UBB Cluj-Napoca Romania Tissier et al. 2018 I University (1919–1948). Includes: Stratigraphic Collection of the Transylvanian Basin, also known as Museum of the Transylvania Basin (MTB) and Transylvanian Basin Museum (TBM). Obsolete as: BBU, MTB, TBM (fossils). Current as: UBB MPS (fossils). Also as: MPS-BBU-CN (fossils). See also: ISER (Institutul Speologie, Bucharest), MZBBU (Museum of Zoology). MCDRD Muzeul Civilizatiei Dacice si Romane, Deva. Current as: MCDRD (fossils). Hunedoara Romania Tennant et al. 2016 Geological Institute, University of Iași, Iași [Jassy, Iassy]. Also known as: GIUI Iași [Jassy, Iassy] Romania Joyce 2016 Alexandru Ioan Cuza University. Current as: GIUI (fossils). Museum of Natural Sciences, Târgu Mureș. Current as: MNSTM (fossil MNSTM Mureș Romania Trif et al. 2017 sharks). Muzeul de Ştiinţe Naturale Piatra-Neamţ, Piatra Neamț. Current as: MSNPN MSNPN Neamț Romania Monsch & Bannikov 2012 (fossils). Muzeul de Istorie Naturală Sibiu [Museum of Natural History Sibiu], Sibiu. BNM Includes: Richard Breckner fossil collection. Note: part of Muzeul Naţional Sibiu Romania Stan 2010, Ciobanu & Trif 2016 Brukenthal [Brukenthal National Museum]. Current as: BNM (entomology). Amur Natural History Museum, Blagoveshchensk. Current as: AEHM AEHM Amur Oblast Russia Godefroit et al. 2011 (fossils). Russian Museum of Biodiversity Hotspots, N. Laverov Federal Center for Jamie M. Smith pers. comm. RMBH Arkhangelsk Oblast Russia Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk. 2018 Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Current Central Federal GIN Russia Frost 2016 as: GIN (fossils). District A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Also known as: Institute of Animal Evolutionary Central Federal IEE Russia Kucheryaviy et al. 2017 Morphology and Ecology. Note: founded in 1934. Current as: IEE (fishes). District Also as: IEMEM (herps). Central Federal Darevsky 1992, Barabanov & IEMEM See IEE. Russia District Milto 2017 Central Federal IOAN See IORAS. Russia L85 Wallach et al. 2014 District Central Federal IOM See IORAS. Russia F&E District Central Federal IORAN See IORAS. Russia F&E Kotlyar 2009 District P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Central Federal Borodulina 2008, Shakhovskoy IORAS Russia Moscow. Obsolete as: IOAN, IOM, IORAN, PPSIO. District & Parin 2013 Central Federal MMGU See ZMMU. Russia Schätti et al. 2014 District Central Federal MMSU See ZMMU Russia L85 L&G F&E District Central Federal PIAN See PIN. Russia Wallach et al. 2014 District Orlov Paleontological Museum, Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Central Federal Daza et al. 2014, Kovalchuk & PIN Russia Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Current as: PIN (fossils). Also as: PIAN. District Ferraris 2016 Central Federal PPSIO See IORAS. Russia F&E District Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow. Note: founded in 1933 via merger of The State Oceanographic Institute Central Federal VNIRO Russia Shandikov et al. 2012 (GOIN) All-Russian Research Institute of Marine Fishery (VNIIMORKh). District Current as: VNIRO (fishes). Central Federal ZMM See ZMMU. Russia Frost 2016 District Central Federal ZMMGU See ZMMU. Russia L&G F&E District Central Federal Ho et al. 2008, Zinenko et al. ZMMSU See ZMMU. Russia District 2015 Zoological Museum of Mikhail V. Lomonosov, Moscow State University. Ferraris 2007, Kotlyar 2008, Formerly: Natural History Cabinet of Moscow Imperial University (1791- Central Federal ZMMU Russia F&E Nguyen et al. 2009, Böhme 1930). Obsolete as: MMGU, MMSU, ZMMGU, ZMMSU. Current as: ZMMU District 2010 (fishes & herps). Institute of the Earth's Crust, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Formerly: Institute of Geology, East-Siberian Branch of the USSR IEC SB RAS Irkutsk Oblast Russia Syromyatnikova 2015 Academy of Sciences founded in 1949, renamed East-Siberian Geological Institute (1957–1962). Current as: IEC SB RAS (fossils). ZMISU Zoological Museum of Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk. Irkutsk Oblast Russia F&E Knizhin & Weiss 2009 Atlantic Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, AtlantNIRO Kaliningrad Oblast Russia Prokofiev 2006 Kaliningrad. Nikolai M. Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Murmansk. Formerly: State Oceanographic Institute of the PINRO Murmansk Oblast Russia L&G USSR (SOI) from 1929–1933, descended from the Floating Marine Research Institute founded in 1921. Northwestern Federal AHCCCP See CCMGE. Russia Wallach et al. 2014 District Northwestern Federal AIS See ZISP. Russia Wallach et al. 2014 District Chernyshev Central Museum of Geological Exploration, St. Petersburg [formerly Leningrad]. Also known as: F.N. Chernyshev Central Scientific Research and Geological Exploration Museum. Formerly: Central Geological Syromyatnikova 2011, Museum (1930–1935). Note: closely associated with All-Russian Geological Northwestern Federal Averianov & Archibald 2013, CCMGE Russia Institute, formerly All-Union Geological Institute (VSEGEI, 1939–1992), District Danilov & Vitek 2013, Joyce descended from Central Geoglogical Survey Scientific Research Institute 2014, Georgalis & Joyce 2017 (TsNIGRI, 1929–1939). Obsolete as: AHCCCP. Current as: CCMGE (fossil vertebrates). Also as: CNIGR, TsNIGR, TsNIGRI (fossils). Monsch & Bannikov 2012, Northwestern Federal CNIGR See CCMGE. Russia Wallach et al. 2014, Popov et District al. 2015, Russian State Geological Prospecting University, Moscow. Formerly: Moscow Northwestern Federal MGRI Geologigal Prospecting Institute, descended from Moscow Mining Academy Russia Fischer et al. 2016 District founded in 1918. Current as: MGRI (fossils). Northwestern Federal MLSU See MSPGU. Russia L85 District Zoologicheskij Muzej, Sankt-Peterburgskij Gosudarstvennyj Universitet [St. Northwestern Federal MSPGU Petersburg State University (SPSU)], St. Petersburg [formerly Leningrad]. Russia Schätti et al. 2014 District Also as: MLSU. Northwestern Federal TsNIGR See CCMGE. Russia Tapanila & Pruitt 2013 District Northwestern Federal TsNIGRI See CCMGE. Russia Kurochkin 2000 District Northwestern Federal ZIAN See ZISP. Russia Bianco & Bănărescu 1982 District Northwestern Federal ZIAS See ZISP. Russia F&E District Northwestern Federal ZIL See ZISP. Russia L85 L&G Böhme 2010 District Ferraris 2007, Syromyatnikova Northwestern Federal ZIN See ZISP. Russia L&G F&E 2011, Danilov & Vitek 2013, District Wallach et al. 2014 Zoologicheskii Institut, Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk [Zoological Institute, Ferraris 2007, David et al. Russian Academy of Sciences], St. Petersburg [formerly Leningrad]. 2007, Nguyen et al. 2009, Formerly: Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint Northwestern Federal ZISP Russia F&E Barabanov & Milto 2017, Andrei Pétersbourg. Obsolete as: AIS, ZIAN, ZIAS, ZIL. Current as: ZISP (fishes, District Barabanov & Konstantin Milto herps, fossils). Also as: ZIN (fishes), ZIN PH (paleoherpetological collection, pers. comm. 2018 fossils). Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the ISEA Novosibirsk Oblast Russia Wagner et al. 2016 Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Current as: ISEA (herps). https://www.legendtour.ru/rus/r DVGU See ZMFESU. Primorsky Krai Russia ussia/vladivostok/zoological- museum.shtml FESU See ZMFESU Primorsky Krai Russia Museum of A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of Vladimir E. Kharin pers. comm. MIMB the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Current as: MIMB (fishes & Primorsky Krai Russia F&E 2010 herps). MT See TINRO. Primorsky Krai Russia F&E Marine Museum of Pacific Fisheries Research Center, Vladivostok. Obsolete Cheblukov et al. 2007, TINRO as: MT. Current as: TINRO (fishes & herps). Also as: TINRO-center, TINRO- Primorsky Krai Russia L&G F&E Ivankova 2007, Vladimir E. tsentr. Kharin pers. comm. 2010 Cheblukov et al. 2007, Kharin Zoological Museum of Far Eastern State University, Vladivostok. Current as: ZMFESU Primorsky Krai Russia 2005, Vladimir E. Kharin pers. ZMFESU (fishes & herps). Also as: DVGU. comm. 2010 Kalmytskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet [Kalmyk State University], Elista. KGU Republic of Kalmykia Russia Naseka et al. 2005 Current as: KGU (fishes). Southern Federal CSBR See SNP. Russia Wallach et al. 2014 District Southern Federal CSNBR See SNP. Russia Wallach et al. 2014 District Southern Federal SD CSNBR See SNP. Russia Wallach et al. 2014 District Sochi National Park, Scientific Department, Sochi. Includes: collections of fishes, amphibians and reptiles began in 1977 by Boris Tuniyev and formerly Southern Federal Zinenko et al. 2015, Boris SNP stored at Caucasian State Nature Biosphere Reserve (CSBR, CSNBR, SD Russia District Tuniyev pers. comm. 2018 CSNBR). Obsolete as: CSBR, CSNBR, SD CSNBR (Scientific Department). Current as: SNP (fishes & herps). EMKSU Eversmann Zoology Museum, Kazan State University, Kazan [Kasan]. Tatarstan Russia de Lisle 2009 DVZeE TSU See ZMTU. Tomsk Oblast Russia Yartsev & Kuranova 2015 Zoological Museum of Tomsk State University, Tomsk. Formerly: Siberian Imperial University (founded in 1888). Note: first herpetological collections ZMTU Tomsk Oblast Russia F&E Moskvitin & Kuranova 2006 received in 1890. Current as: ZMTU (fishes & herps). Also as: DVZeE TSU (Department of Vertebrate Zoology and Ecology, Institute of Biology). I.A. Goncharov Ulianovskiy Regional Studies Museum, Ulyanovsk. Current YKM Ulyanovsk Oblast Russia Fischer et al. 2016 as: YKM (fossils). Volgograd Provincial Museum, Volgograd. Also known as: Volgograd Volgogradskaya VPM Russia Kurochkin 2000 Regional Museum. Current as: VPM (fossils). Oblast King Abdulaziz University Marine Museum, Jeddah. Current as: KAU KAU (fishes). Also as: KAUMM (fishes temporarily housed at Senckenberg Saudi Arabia Iwatsuki & Heemstra 2018 Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Frankfurt am Main). KAUMM See KAU. Saudi Arabia Craig et al. 2015 The National Museum, Department of Natural History, Riyadh. Also known SNMNH Saudi Arabia F&E as: Saudi National Museum Natural History. TUZC Taif University Zoological Collection, Taif. Saudi Arabia Šmíd et al. 2013 Département de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université SNB Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar [University of Dakar], Dakar. Current as: SNB Senegal Claeson et al. 2015 (fossils). Fricke 2005, Köhler & Güsten Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire, Dakar. Formerly: Institut Français IFAN Senegal L85 F&E 2007, Böhme 2010, Wallach et d'Afrique Noire (1938–1966). Current as: IFAN (fishes & herps). al. 2014 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (ORSTOM), Hann, Dakar. Wallach et al. 2014, Hoinsoude IRD Note: includes herps deposited by Jean-François Trape (Coll. JFT). Current Senegal Segniagbeto et al. 2015 as: IRD (herps). Geology Institute, University of Belgrade, Belgrade. Obsolete as: GIU DPFMGB (Geology Institute, fossils). Current as: DPFMGB. See also: IBISS Belgrade Serbia Van der Made 2015 (amphibians). Department of Paleontology, Faculty of Mining and Geology, University of GIU Belgrade, Belgrade. Obsolete as: GIU (Geology Institute, fossils). See also: Belgrade Serbia Pickford & Laurent 2014 IBISS (amphibians). University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Ljubisavljević et al. 2007, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Belgrade. Also known as: Institut Tomović et al. 2014, Arntzen et za biološka istraživanja "Siniša Stanković". Includes: herps collected by IBISS Belgrade Serbia al. 2015, Džukić et al. 2015, Milutin Radovanovic (1900–1968), transferred from Natural History Museum Milena Cvijanović pers. comm. in Belgrade (NHMBEO). Current as: IBISS (amphibians). See also: DPFMGB 2018 (fossils). Prirodnjački muzej, Belgrade. Also known as: Natural History Museum in Belgrade. Note: founded in 1895 as Jestastvenički muzej srpske zemlje Jovanović 2008, Gol'din & NHMBEO Belgrade Serbia (Natural Science Museum of Serbian Land). Includes: osteological collection Radović 2018 of amphibians and reptiles. Current as: NHMBEO (fossils). BIK See BIKU. Šumadija Serbia F&E Department [Institute] of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac. Current as: BIKU BIKU Šumadija Serbia Kottelat 2012:12 (fishes). Also as: BIK (Biological Institute Kragujevac), FSUK (Faculty of Sciences, fishes). Holčík et al. 2004, Marić & Šorić FSUK See BIKU. Šumadija Serbia 2009 LKCNHM See ZRC. Singapore Tong et al. 2016 NMS See ZRC. Singapore L85 F&E NUS See ZRC. Singapore Wallach et al. 2014 RM See ZRC. Singapore Wallach et al. 2014 Wilson & Reeder 2005, Wallach RMBR See ZRC. Singapore F&E et al. 2014 USDZ See ZRC. Singapore L85 Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum (LKCNHM), National University of Singapore. Formerly: Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research (RMBR, 1998–2014) which housed the Zoological Reference Collection (ZRC) of the National Museum of Singapore (NMS or SNM, est. 1965), descended from Ng & Kim 2008, Böhme 2010, ZRC Singapore F&E the original Raffles Museum (est. 1878). Includes: collections of the former Bohlen et al. 2016 National University of Singapore (NUS or USDZ) and Nanyang University. Obsolete as: LKCNHM, NMS, NUS, RM, RMBR, USDZ, ZRCS. Current as: ZRC (fishes & herps). ZRCS See ZRC. Singapore F&E BM See SNM. Bratislava Slovakia Wallach et al. 2014 Comenius University, Bratislava. Current as: DE (Department of Ecology, CU herps), KGP (Department of Geology and Palaeontology, fossils). Also as: Bratislava Slovakia Holčík & Hensel 1974 CU-RY (fishes). Čerňanský et al. 2016, DE See CU. Bratislava Slovakia Klembara et al. 2016 KGP See CU. Bratislava Slovakia Hyžný et al. 2017 Laboratory of Fishery Research and Hydrobiology, Slovak Academy of LFRH Bratislava Slovakia Holčík & Hensel 1974 Agricultural Sciences, Bratislava. LFRHB See LFRH. Bratislava Slovakia Elvira 1987 Slovak National Museum [Slovenské národné múzeum], Natural Science SNM Museum, Bratislava. Formerly: Bratislava Museum (BM), partially destroyed Bratislava Slovakia F&E Kottelat 2012:13, Bucsek 2016 9 Sep 1944. Obsolete as: BM. Current as: SNM. Also as: SNMB. Ferraris 2007, Holčík & Hensel SNMB See SNM. Bratislava Slovakia L85 F&E 1974 DBUL See LU. Slovenia Lanza et al. 2009 Univerza v Ljubljani [University of Ljubljana], Ljubljana. Current as: LU LU (fishes). Also as: DBUL (Department of Biology), OBL (Oddelek za Biologijo, Slovenia Zupančič & Bogutskaya 2002 herps). ML See SMNH. Slovenia L85 Ursenbacher et al. 2006 OBL See LU. Slovenia Lanza et al. 2009 PZC Private collection of Primož Zupančič, Ljubljana. Slovenia Jelić et al. 2018 Prirodoslovni muzej Slovenije [Slovenian Museum of Natural History], SMNH Slovenia Bogutskaya et al. 2012 Ljubljana. Current as: SMNH (fishes). Also as: ML (herps). A.M. See AMG. Eastern Cape South Africa Fitzsimons 1941 AM See AMG. Eastern Cape South Africa Broadley 1981 Albany Museum, Grahamstown. Note: herp collection transferred to Port Elizabeth Museum (PEM) in 1993; fish collection transferred to South African FitzSimons 1941, Wallach et al. AMG Eastern Cape South Africa L85 F&E Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB). Also as: AM, A.M. (herps), 2014, Frost 2016 AMSA/P. AMSA/P See AMG. Eastern Cape South Africa Eccles et al. 2011 ELM East London Museum, East London. Eastern Cape South Africa Hamer 2012 JDV Private collection of J.D. Visser, Jeffreys Bay. Also known as: JV. Eastern Cape South Africa Broadley & Wüster 2004 JV See JDV. Eastern Cape South Africa Poynton & Broadley 1985 Amathole [Amatola] Museum, King William's Town. Formerly: Kaffrarian KMK Museum (1884–1999). Note: herp collections transferred to Port Elizabeth Eastern Cape South Africa L85 Museum (PEM). Port Elizabeth Museum, Bayworld complex, Port Elizabeth. Note: founded in Poynton & Broadley 1985, 1856. Includes: herp collections from Albany Museum (AMG), Kaffarian PEM Eastern Cape South Africa L85 F&E Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. Museum (KMK) and Cape Nature Conservation, Jonkershoek. Current as: 2014, Conradie et al. 2015 PEM (herps), PEM R (reptiles). RUSI See SAIAB. Eastern Cape South Africa L85 F&E South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown. Formerly: Rhodes University, J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology (RUSI). Includes: SAIAB fish collections from Albany Museum, Grahamstown (AMG) and KwaZulu- Eastern Cape South Africa F&E Igor Muratov pers. comm. 2018 Natal Museum (NMSA; on permanent loan). Obsolete as: RUSI. Current as: SAIAB (fishes & herps). Poynton & Broadley 1985, National Museum, Bloemfontein. Obsolete as: NMBO. Current as: NMB NMB Free State South Africa López-Arbarello 2012, Bates (fishes), NMB R (reptiles). Also as: NMQR (fossils). 2013, Conradie et al. 2015 NMBO See NMB. Free State South Africa L85 Broadley 1981 NMQR See NMB. Free State South Africa Pritchard et al. 2013 Bernard Price Institute (BPI) for Palaeontological Research, University of the Zipfel & Berger 2009, Pritchard BP Gauteng South Africa Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. Current as: BP (fossils). See also: WUM. et al. 2013 BPI See BP. Gauteng South Africa Zipfel & Berger 2009 Ditsong National Museum of Natural History, Pretoria [Tshwane]. Formerly: Wallach et al. 2014, Adams et DNMNH Transvaal Museum (TM, TMP), Northern Flagship Institution. Note: fish types Gauteng South Africa L85 F&E al. 2015 at AMG. Obsolete as: TMP, TMSA. Current as: DNMNH. Also as: TM. Fitzsimons 1941, Böhlke 1984:127, Ferraris 2007, TM See DNMNH. Gauteng South Africa Böhme 2010, Marques et al. 2018 Reynolds et al. 2007, Wallach et TMP See DNMNH. Gauteng South Africa L85 F&E al. 2014 Salvidio et al. 2004, P. Uetz TMSA See DNMNH. Gauteng South Africa pers. comm. 2015 WUM University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. See also: BP. Gauteng South Africa L85 Hamer 2012 Private collection of Angelo J. Lambiris, Hillcrest. Note: to be incorporated Broadley & Wüster 2004, Bates AJL KwaZulu-Natal South Africa into Durban Natural Science Museum (DNSM). & Broadley 2018 DM See DNSM. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa L85 Poynton & Broadley 1985 Durban Natural Science Museum, Durban. Also known as: Durban Museum DNSM (DM). Note: founded in 1887, managed by the eThekwini Municipality. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Olbers et al. 2013 Obsolete as: DM. Current as: DNSM (fishes & herps). DSP FitzSimons' Snake Park, Durban. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa L85 Broadley 1981 Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife collections, Durban. Note: provinical agency EKZNW established in 1994 via merger of the Natal Parks Board (NPB) formed in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa F&E Olbers et al. 2015 1947 and KwaZulu Directorate of Nature Conservation formed in 1972. K.M. See MMK. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Fitzsimons 1941 Broadley 1981, Poynton & NM See NMSA. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Broadley 1985 NMP See NMSA. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa L85 F&E Conradie et al. 2015 KwaZulu-Natal Museum (KZN), Pietermaritzburg. Formerly: Natal Musem. Muratov & Davis 2011, Muratov Note: entire fish collection on permanent loan to SAIAB. Obsolete as: NM NMSA KwaZulu-Natal South Africa F&E 2014, Igor Muratov pers. (although apparent on labels for ca. 8000 herp specimens), NMP. Current comm. 2018 as: NMSA (all collections), NMSA HRP (herps). NPB See EKZNW. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa F&E Crass 1960 Oceanographic Research Institute, South African Association for Marine ORI KwaZulu-Natal South Africa L85 F&E Biological Research (SAAMBR), Durban. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban. Note: formed in 2004 after merger of University of Natal (UND) and University of Durban-Westville (UDW); small UKZN KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Igor Muratov pers. comm. 2018 vertebrate collection used mainly for teaching purposes (research specimens generally transferred to other museums). UND See UKZN. KwaZulu-Natal South Africa L85 LRC Private collection of L. Raw, Merrivale. Current as: LRC (herps). KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Glaw 2015 Skukuza Biological Reference Collection, Kruger National Park, Transvaal. KNP Mpumalanga South Africa L85 Note: founded in the 1950s. African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, North-West University, AACRG North West South Africa Zimkus et al. 2016 Potchefstroom. Current as: AACRG (amphibians) MM See MMK. Northern Cape South Africa Poynton & Broadley 1985 McGregor Museum, Kimberley, Cape Province. Also known as: Alexander Conradie et al. 2015, Marques MMK McGregor Memorial Museum. Obsolete as: K.M. and MM (herps). Current Northern Cape South Africa L85 et al. 2018 as: MMK (herps). Poynton & Broadley 1985, Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town. Note: founded in 1825. Current SAM Western Cape South Africa L85 F&E Anderson Jr. et al. 2015, as: SAM (fishes & herps). Also as: SAMC (fishes), SAM-K (fossils). Wallach et al. 2014 SAM-K See SAM. Western Cape South Africa Agnolin et al. 2010 SAMC See SAM. Western Cape South Africa White et al. 2017 SUM Stellenbosch University, John R. Ellerman Museum of Zoology, Stellenbosch. Western Cape South Africa L85 Ellis et al. 2017 NFRDA See NIFS. Busan South Korea Kim 2004 NFRDI See NIFS. Busan South Korea Kim 2004 National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan [formerly Pusan]. Formerly: National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) from NIFS 2002–2015. Includes: some poorly-preserved fishes from National Fisheries Busan South Korea Kim 2004 Research and Development Agency (NFRDA), predecessor to NFRDI; fish collection of Keitaro Uchida. See also: JIFRI. Pukyong National University, Department of Marine Biology, Busan [formerly PKU Busan South Korea Han et al. 2017 Pusan]. Current as: PKU (fishes). Department of Biology, Teacher's College, Kyungpook National University, BEKU Daegu South Korea F&E Kim 2004 Daegu [Taegu]. NSM National Science Museum, Daejeon. Current as: NSM. Also as: NSMK. Daejeon South Korea Kim 2004 NSMK See NSM. Daejeon South Korea GBIF 2018 Korean Institute for Ocean Life, Gapyeong. Note: listed among fish KIOLK Gyeonggi South Korea Kim 2004 collections in Korea by Kim (2004), but no such institute found in Gapyeong. Laboratory of Fisheries, Department of Ocean Science, College of Natural FSIU Incheon South Korea F&E Kim et al. 2013 Sciences, Inha University, Incheon. National Institute of Biological Resources, Korean Ministry of the Jeong et al. 2013, Kim et al. NIBR Environment, Incheon. Note: established in 2007. Current as: NIBR-P Incheon South Korea 2014, Han et al. 2017 (fishes), NIBRAM (amphibians). NIER National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon. Incheon South Korea Kim 2004 BCU See SUBC. North Chungcheong South Korea F&E BCUE See SUBC. North Chungcheong South Korea F&E Son et al. 1987, Ferraris 2007 Seowon University, Department of Biology, Cheongju. Formerly: Cheongju College of Education or Cheongju Normal University (清州師大 or 清州師範大學), descended from Cheongju Women's Junior College founded in Son & He 2005, Kottelat SUBC North Chungcheong South Korea 1968; reorganized into Seowon College in 1988 and promoted to Seowon 2012:13 University in 1992. Obsolete as: BCU, BCUE (Cheongju Normal University), SUC. Current as: SUBC (fishes). SUC See SUBC. North Chungcheong South Korea Kim 2004 Suk Laboratory Ichthyology Collection, Department of Life Sciences, SLIC North Gyeongsang South Korea Kim et al. 2014 Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan. Current as: SLIC (fishes). Kunsan National University, Department of Biology, Gunsan [Kunsan]. See BKNU North Jeolla South Korea F&E Kim 2004, Fricke 2005 also: MKUNU. CNU See CNUC. North Jeolla South Korea F&E Chonbuk National University, College of Natural Science, Jeonju [Chonju]. Kim & Amaoka 2001, Kim 2004, CNUC North Jeolla South Korea F&E Obsolete as: CNU, CNUCK, CUB, CUBK. Current as: CNUC (fishes). Kottelat 2012:12 CNUCK See CNUC. North Jeolla South Korea F&E CUB See CNUC. North Jeolla South Korea Son et al. 1987 CUBK See CNUC. North Jeolla South Korea F&E Kunsan National University, Faculty of Marine Living Resources, Gunsan MKUNU North Jeolla South Korea Kim et al. 2014 [Kunsan]. See also: BKNU. Conservation Genome Resources Bank for Korean Wildlife, College of CGRB Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University. Current as: CGRB. See Seoul South Korea Frost 2016 also: SNU. Ewha Womens University, Natural History Museum, Seoul. Includes: fish EWNHM types donated by Sang-Rin Jeon. Current as: EWNHM (fishes). Also as: Seoul South Korea F&E Kim 2004, Jeong et al. 2016 EWU (amphibians). EWU See EWNHM. Seoul South Korea Frost 2016 Korean Institute of Freshwater Biology (韓國淡水生物學研究所), Seoul. Note: institution cited by Ki-Chul Choi (1910-2002), professor at Seoul National Jeon & Choi 1980, Sawada KIFB University from 1948–1976; institution apparently defunct, majority of fish Seoul South Korea F&E 1982, Iwata 1985 collection perhaps donated to NSM (National Science Museum, Daejeon); some fish specimens transferred to SMU (Sang-myung University). KIU See SNU. Seoul South Korea F&E Sang-myung University, College of Natural Sciences, Life Science, Seoul. SMU Formerly: Sang-myung Women's University (SMWU) from 1986–1996. Seoul South Korea F&E Kawase & Hosoya 2010 Current as: SMU. SMWU See SMU. Seoul South Korea F&E Iwata et al. 1985 Seoul National University, Seoul. Formerly: Keijo Imperial University (KIU), Kyŏngsŏng University or Kyongseong Imperial University. Note: historical SNU collections, including fishes deposited by Tamezo Mori in the Laboratory of Seoul South Korea F&E Kim 2004 the Premedical Department, destroyed during Korean War (1950-1953). See also: CGRB. Soonchunhyang University, Collection of the Department of Life Science and SUC South Chungcheong South Korea Song & Bang 2015 Biotechnology, Asan. Current as: SUC (fishes). Laboratory of Marine Bio Education & Research Center, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong Campus, Inpyeong- GSNU South Gyeongsang South Korea Kim et al. 2013 dong, Tongyeong [Tongyoung]. Note: laboratory apparently associated with Institute of Marine Industry. Current as: GSNU (fishes). Jinhae Inland Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries JIFRI Science (NIFS), Changwon. Note: city of Jinhae merged into Changwon in South Gyeongsang South Korea Kim 2004 2010. Museo de Historia Natural da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, González Bueno & Baratas Díaz MHNUSC Santiago de Compostela. Also known as: Museum Luis Iglesias de Ciencias A Coruña Spain 2013, Bañón et al. 2018 Naturais. Current as: MHNUSC (fishes). Private collection of Víctor López Seoane (1832–1900). Note: no longer VLS extant; some specimens donated to MNHN, NHMUK, ZISP and other A Coruña Spain museums. Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Álava, Vitoria-Gasteiz. Current as: MCNA Wallach et al. 2014, Cadena & MCNA Álava Spain (fishes, herps & fossils). Joyce 2015, GBIF 2015 González Bueno & Baratas Díaz MUPE Museo Paleontológico de Elche, Elche. Alicante Spain 2013 Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Almería. Formerly: Instituto de García-Díez & González- EEZA Almería Spain Aclimatación de Almería. Current as: EEZA (herps). Fernández 2013 CEP Centro de Experimentación Pesquera, Museo-Acuario, Gijón. Asturias Spain Arronte & López 2008 Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Facultad de Biología, UNIOVI Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo. Formerly: Departamento de Zoología y Asturias Spain Braña & Bas 1983, Wirtz 1998 Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias. Note: abbreviation assigned here. AFORO-ICM See IIPB. Barcelona Spain GBIF 2015 CBR See IIPB. Barcelona Spain GBIF 2016 CRARC Centre de Recuperació d'Amfibis i Rèptils de Catalunya, Masquefa. Barcelona Spain GBIF 2015 Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Centre de Recursos de Biodiversitat Animal. Includes: Gabinete de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Barcelona established in 1847; zoological collections formerly Antoni Serra Sorribes pers. CRBA Barcelona Spain held in Universitat de Barcelona Department de Biologia Animal (formerly comm. 2017 Zoologia, DZV) and Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio). Current as: CRBA (fishes & herps). Also as: UBMZ, DZV (herps). Serra-Cobo 1993, González- DZV See CRBA. Barcelona Spain Fernández et al. 2009 IBAB See IIPB. Barcelona Spain Devaere et al. 2007 Institut de Biologia Evolutiva, Barcelona. Note: jointly operated by Consejo IBE Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CSIC- Barcelona Spain Carranza et al. 2016 UPF). Current as: IBE (herps). Also as: IBES. IBES See IBE. Barcelona Spain Šmíd et al. 2013 ICM See IIPB. Barcelona Spain F&E Institut Català de Paleontologia "Miquel Crusafont", Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès. Formerly: Institut de Paleontologia de González Bueno & Baratas Díaz ICP Barcelona Spain Sabadell (IPS), Museo Provincial de Paleontología de Barcelona. Current as: 2013, Bolet et al. 2014 ICP (fossils). Also as: IPS (fossils). See also: UAB (fishes). Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM) de Barcelona, Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Barcelona. Formerly: Instituto de Investigaciones Pesqueras (IIP) de Barcelona (1977/8–1987), descended from laboratory and headquarters of Instituto de Investigaciones Pesqueras established in Barcelona in 1957, itself descended from the Sección de Biología Marina (est. IIPB Barcelona Spain L&G F&E Anderson & Heemstra 2012:3 1949) of the Instituto de Biología Aplicada established in 1943 by Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and originally associated with zoology laboratory at the Universitat de Barcelona. Obsolete as: IBAB (fishes).Current as: IIPB (fishes), AFORO-ICM (otoliths). Also as: ICM, CBR (Colecciones Biológicas de Referencia). Delfino et al. 2012, Bolet et al. IPS See ICP. Barcelona Spain 2014, Wallach et al. 2014, Daza et al. 2014 Antoni Serra Sorribes pers. IRBio See CRBA. Barcelona Spain comm. 2017 Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona. Formerly: Museu de Zoologia (MZB) and Museu de Geologia (MGB), combined under new name (MCNB) in 2000. Includes: Museu Martorell [Municipal Museum of Barcelona (MMB)], MCNB built in 1878, currently houses geology and palaeontology collections. Barcelona Spain VerNet 2016, GBIF 2015 Obsolete as: MMB (fossils), MZBA (birds), MZBE (amphibians). Current as: MCNB (fishes & herps). Also as: MGB (fossils), MGB MGC (Museu Martorell, fossils), MZB (herps). Colegio La Salle de Bonanova, Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Barcelona. MCSBCN Barcelona Spain F&E Wildekamp & Malumbres 2004 Current as: MCSBCN (fishes). MGB See MCNB. Barcelona Spain Kriwet et al. 1999 MGB MGC See MCNB. Barcelona Spain Delfino et al. 2012 MGSB See MSCB. Barcelona Spain Kriwet et al. 1999 MMB See MCNB. Barcelona Spain Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Museu Geològic del Seminari Conciliar de Barcelona, Barcelona. Also known as: Museu Geològic del Seminari de Barcelona [Museo Geológico del MSCB Barcelona Spain Delfino et al. 2012 Seminario de Barcelona] (MGSB). Obsolete as: MGSB (fossils). Current as: MSCB (fossils). Serra-Cobo 1993, De MZB See MCNB. Barcelona Spain Maddalena 2006 MZBA See MCNB. Barcelona Spain Roselaar 2003 Serra-Cobo 1993, González- MZBE See MCNB. Barcelona Spain F&E Fernández et al. 2009 Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès. Note: UAB university distinct from Universitat de Barcelona. Current as: UAB (fishes). Barcelona Spain L85 F&E Matallanas 2009 See also: ICP (fossils). UBMZ See CRBA. Barcelona Spain F&E Sociedad de Oceanografía de Guipúzcoa, Museo, Gipuzkoa. Current as: SOG Basque Spain GBIF 2016 SOG-Mu Universidad del País Vasco [Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea; The University of UPV/EHU Biscay Spain Joyce 2016 the Basque Country], Bilbao. Current as: UPV/EHU (fossils). Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Santander, IEOST Cantabria Spain Bañón et al. 2014 Santander. VM Valltorta Museum, Tírig. Castellón Spain Cadena & Joyce 2015 Museo de Historia Natural, Instituto Aguilar y Eslava, Cabra. Current as: MHNAE Córdoba Spain GBIF 2015 MHNAE (fishes & herps). HUE See MCCM. Cuenca Spain Narváez et al. 2015 Museo de las Ciencias de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca. Current as: MCCM MCCM Cuenca Spain Poyato-Ariza et al. 2010 (fossils), HUE (fossils, Lo Hueco collection). ARAN Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, San Sebastián. Gipuzkoa Spain Braña & Bas 1983 CRTLA Centre de Reproducció de Tortugues de l'Albera, Garriguella. Girona Spain GBIF 2015 Museu Darder, Espai d'Interpretació de l'Estany, Banyoles. Current as: MDEIE Girona Spain GBIF 2015 MDEIE (fishes & herps). Serra-Cobo 1993, González- IPE Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Jaca. Current as: IPE (herps). Huesca Spain Fernández et al. 2009 Departamento de Zoologia y entomologia, Escuela Técnica Superior de ETSIM Ingenieros de Montes [Universidad Politécnica de Madrid], Madrid. Also as: Madrid Spain Elvira 1987 UPM. IFIE Instituto Forestal de Investigaciones y Experiencias, Madrid. Madrid Spain Elvira 1987 MG-IGME See MGM. Madrid Spain Georgalis & Joyce 2017 MG-VF See MGM. Madrid Spain GBIF 2016 Museo GeoMinero, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Madrid. Bermúdez-Rochas & Poyato- MGM Madrid Spain Current as: MGM (fossils). Also as: MG-IGME, MG-VF. Ariza 2015 Museu de les Mines de Cercs, Sant Corneli, Barcelona. Current as: MMC MMC Madrid Spain Blanco et al. 2014 (fossils). Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones González-Fernández 1997, Científicas (CSIC), Madrid. Note: founded in 1771 as Gabinete Real de González-Fernández et al. Historia Natural [Royal Cabinet of Natural History] by King Carlos III with the 2009, Böhme 2010, Kottelat MNCN Madrid Spain L85 F&E acquisition of Pedro Franco Dávila's cabinet. Includes: Unidad de Zoología 2012:13, García-Díez & Aplicada (UZA) herp collection. Current as: MNCN (fishes & herps). Also as: González-Fernández 2013, MNÇN. Wallach et al. 2014 MNÇN See MNCN. Madrid Spain Lanza et al. 2009 Real Colegio Alfonso XII Agustinos, San Lorenzo de El Escorial. Current as: RCAXII Madrid Spain GBIF 2015 RCAXII (fishes & herps). González Bueno & Baratas Díaz UPM See ETSIM. Madrid Spain 2013 Unidad de Zoología Aplicada, Madrid. Note: collections no longer extant; Elvira 1987, González- UZA herp, bird and mammal collections donated to MNCN by the Comunidad Madrid Spain F&E Fernández 1997 Autónoma de Madrid (CAM) Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Cátedra de Zoología de Vertebrados. VBCM Also known as: Museo de Anatomía Comparada de Vertebrados. Current Madrid Spain L85 F&E Elvira 1987 as: VBCM (fishes). Colecciones de Fauna Marina del Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Instituto González Bueno & Baratas Díaz CFM-IEOMA Málaga Spain Español de Oceanografía, Fuengirola. Current as: CFM-IEOMA. 2013 Museo de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona. Salinas & Ariño 2000, Rafael MZNA Navarre Spain Current as: MZNA (fishes & herps). Miranda pers. comm. 2010 Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Vigo. IEOV Pontevedra Spain F&E Randall & Yamakawa 2006 Note: founded in 1917. Current as: IEOV. See also: LV. Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas (IIM), Vigo. Formerly: Laboratorio de Vigo (LV) established in 1951 and associated with Instituto de LV Investigaciones Pesqueras de Barcelona; became independent as Instituto de Pontevedra Spain L85 Maul 1969 Investigaciones Pesqueras de Vigo in 1978; renamed Instituto de Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas in 1986. See also: IEOV. Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca. Jiménez-Fuentes et al. 1988, MCNUS Includes: Sala de las Tortugas [Chelonian Room], founded in 1988. Salamanca Spain Vlachos & Rabi 2017 Current as: MCNUS (fossils). Also as: STUS (fossils). STUS See MCNUS. Salamanca Spain Joyce 2014 Santa Cruz de CCML See DZUL. Spain F&E Brito 1989, Fricke et al. 2015 Tenerife Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, San Santa Cruz de COC Spain GBIF 2015 Andrés, Island of Tenerife, Canarias [Canary Islands]. Tenerife Santa Cruz de Mateo et al. 1998, Mateo et al. DBULPGC See ULPGC. Spain Tenerife 2001 Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Island of Tenerife, Canarias [Canary Islands]. Current as: CCML Santa Cruz de DZUL Spain Böhme 2010 (fishes, Colección Ictiologica, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas), DZUL Tenerife (herps). Also as: ZLU (herps), MZUL (arachnids). Santa Cruz de ICCM See ULPGC. Spain González et al. 2014 Tenerife Santa Cruz de MCNSC See TFMC. Spain Martín 1985, Böhme 2010 Tenerife Santa Cruz de MZUL See DZUL. Spain Gardini et al. 2017 Tenerife Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Tenerife, part of Museo de la Naturaleza y el Martín 1985, Fricke 2005, Hombre, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canarias [Canary Islands]. Formerly: Santa Cruz de TFMC Spain F&E Böhme 2010, González et al. Museo Insular de Ciencias Naturales (MCNSC) founded in 1951. Current as: Tenerife 2014, GBIF 2015 TFMC (fishes & herps). Also as: TFMC-VP. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canarias [Canary Islands]. Note: fish specimens/tissues associated with Instituto Canario de Ciencias Santa Cruz de ULPGC Spain Freitas et al. 2018 Marinas (ICCM). Current as: ULPGC (fishes). Also as: DB.ULPGC, DBULPGC Tenerife (Departamento de Biología, herps & fossils) Santa Cruz de ZLU See DZUL. Spain Martín 1985, Böhme 2010 Tenerife CET Centro de Estudios Tropicales, Sevilla [Seville]. Current as: CET (herps). Sevilla Spain Böhme 2010 González-Fernández et al. Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones EBD Sevilla Spain 2009, Böhme 2010, Stephen D. Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla [Seville]. Current as: EBD (fishes & herps). Busack pers. comm. 2015 González Bueno & Baratas Díaz MTTE Museo de las Tierras del Ebro, Amposta Tarragona Spain 2013 Colegio La Salle de Paterna, Museo de Ciencias Naturales "Hermano León", CLS-MHLP Valencia Spain GBIF 2015 Paterna. Also known as: Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Paterna. MGUV See UVDZ. Valencia Spain Botella et al. 2012 Universitat de València, València. Current as: MGUV (fossils, Museo de UVDZ Valencia Spain GBIF 2015 Geología), UVDZ (fishes, Departamento de Zoología). DPZ See MCNUZ. Zaragoza Spain Pickford & Laurent 2014 Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza. Note: established in 2013. Includes: fossil collections of Departamento de MCNUZ Zaragoza Spain Parrilla-Bel et al. 2013 Paleontología (DPZ) and Museo Paleontológico (MPZ), Universidad de Zaragoza. Current as: MPZ (fossils). Museo Paleontologico de la Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza. Current as: MPZ Zaragoza Spain Botella et al. 2012 MPZ (fossils). MPZ See MCNUZ. Zaragoza Spain Parrilla-Bel et al. 2013 University of Peradeniya, Department of Zoology Museum, Peradeniya. UPZM Central Province Sri Lanka Ganesh & Vogel 2018 Current as: UPZM (herps). Blue Resources Trust Ichthyology Collection, Marine Research and Daniel Fernando pers. comm. BRT Eastern Province Sri Lanka Consultancy, Kalkudah. Current as: BRT-I (fishes). 2018, Ebert et al. 2018 Department of Wildlife Conservation, National Wildlife Research and Training North Central DWC Sri Lanka Wickramasinghe et a. 2015 Center, Girithale. Current as: DWC (herps). Province WCSG Wildlife Conservation Society of Galle, Galle. Southern Province Sri Lanka Batuwita et al. 2013:122 CMS See NMSL. Western Province Sri Lanka L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 NARA National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency, Colombo. Western Province Sri Lanka F&E Allen & Rajasuriya 1995 NMC See NMSL. Western Province Sri Lanka Georgalis & Joyce 2017 The National Museum of Sri Lanka, Colombo. Also known as: National Museum of Colombo (NMC). Includes: fishes and herps formerly deposited Ferraris 2007, Batuwita & NMSL at Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, Colombo (WHT). Obsolete as: CMS, Western Province Sri Lanka F&E Pethiyagoda 2012, Pethiyagoda NMC. Current as: NMSL (fishes & herps), NMSL WHT (ex Wildlife Heritage et al. 2012 Trust). Batuwita & Pethiyagoda 2012, WHT See NMSL. Western Province Sri Lanka F&E Pethiyagoda et al. 2012, Wallach et al. 2014, Frost 2016 Sudan Natural History Museum, Khartoum. Formerly: University of SNHMK Khartoum Natural History Museum (UKS) which incorporated collections from Sudan F&E Gordon Memorial College in 1958. Current as: SNHMK. UKS See SNHMK. Sudan L85 National Zoological Collection of Suriname, Anton de Kom University of NZCS Suriname, Paramaribo. Includes: collections formerly at SMP (Surinaams Suriname Ouboter & Jairam 2012 Museum, Paramaribo) from 1981–1988. Current as: NZCS (fishes & herps). SMP See SMP. Suriname L85 Zoologiska museet, Lunds universitet [Museum of Zoology, Lund University], MZLU Lund. Obsolete as: MZUL, ZILU, ZML, ZMLU, ZMUL. Current as: MZLU Skåne Sweden Schätti et al. 2014, VerNet 2016 (herps). MZUL See MZLU. Skåne Sweden F&E ZILU See MZLU. Skåne Sweden Grandison 1961 ZML See MZLU. Skåne Sweden F&E ZMLU See MZLU. Skåne Sweden Frost 2016 ZMUL See MZLU. Skåne Sweden L85 F&E Ferraris 2007, Fritz et al. 2014 Wallach et al. 2014, Marques et NHR See NRM. Stockholm Sweden al. 2018 Nguyen et al. 2009, Sven NHRM See NRM. Stockholm Sweden L85 L&G F&E Kullander pers. comm. 2010 NHRS See NRM. Stockholm Sweden Naturhistoriska riksmuseet [Swedish Museum of Natural History], Departments of Vertebrate Zoology and Palaeozoology, Stockholm. Formerly: Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences until 1828. Includes: Köhler & Güsten 2007, Sven NRM alcohol preserved specimens from Museum Adolphi Friderici Regis (MAFR). Stockholm Sweden L&G F&E Kullander pers. comm. 2010, Obsolete as: NHR, NHRM, NHRS, NRMS, NRS, SMNH, SMS. Current as: Engelbrecht et al. 2018 NRM (fishes & herps), NRM-PZ C. (fossil Cyclostomata), NRM-PZ P. (fossil Pisces), NRM-PZ B. (fossil Batrachia), NRM-PZ R. (fossil Reptilia). Sven Kullander pers. comm. NRM-PZ See NRM. Stockholm Sweden 2010, Arratia & Schultze 2013:88 NRMS See NRM. Stockholm Sweden F&E NRS See NRM. Stockholm Sweden Roze 1989 SMNH See NRM. Stockholm Sweden F&E SMS See NRM. Stockholm Sweden Arratia & Schultze 2013:88 ZIUS Zoologiska institutionen, Stockholms Universitet, Stockholm. Stockholm Sweden L85 Wallach et al. 2014, Frost 2016 EM See UUZM. Uppsala Sweden VertNet 2016 Uppsala Universitet, Evolutionsmuseet, Paleontologi [Uppsala University, Museum of Evolution, Palaeontology]. Formerly: Paleontological Museum of PMU Uppsala University. Includes: fossil collections of Magnus Bromell, Charles Uppsala Sweden Poropat & Kear 2013 Sternberg, Carl Wiman and Otto Zdansky. Current as: PMU (fossils). See also: UUZM (fishes & herps). UUMZ See UUZM. Uppsala Sweden Marques et al. 2018 Uppsala Universitet, Evolutionsmuseet [Uppsala University, Museum of Wallin 1996, Wallin 2001, Evolution], Uppsala. Formerly: Uppsala University Zoological Museum. UUZM Uppsala Sweden F&E Kottelat 2013, Ferraris et al. Obsolete as: EM, UUMZ, ZIU, ZIUU, ZMU, ZMUU. Current as: UUZM (fishes 2017 & herps, Zoology section). See also: PMU (fossils) ZIU See UUZM. Uppsala Sweden Kottelat 2013 Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, ZIUU See UUZM. Uppsala Sweden Frost 2016 ZMU See UUZM. Uppsala Sweden F&E Ferraris 2007, Kottelat 2013, ZMUU See UUZM. Uppsala Sweden L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Köhler & Güsten 2007, Böhme GNHM See GNM. Västra Götaland Sweden F&E 2010 Roselaar 2003, Böhme 2010, Göteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum, Göteborg [Gothenburg]. Obsolete as: Wallach et al. 2014, GNM Västra Götaland Sweden L&G F&E GNHM, NHMG, NMG. Current as: GNM (fishes & herps). Lynghammar et al. 2014, Marques et al. 2018 Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. NHMG See GNM. Västra Götaland Sweden L85 L&G F&E 2014 NMG See GNM. Västra Götaland Sweden Zinenko et al. 2015 Private collection of Jonae Alströmer (1685–1761). Note: donated to Carl Rhodin & Carr 2009, Wallach et JA Sweden Linnaeus and eventually deposited at NRM and UUZM. al. 2014 Museum Adolphi Friderici Regis. Also known as: Museum Adolpho- Fridericianum; Museum principis (MP). Note: personal collections kept separately by King Adolf Fredrik (1710-1771) at Ulriksdal and his wife Queen Sven Kullander (NRM website), Lovisa Ulrika (1720–1782) at Drottningholm, including type specimens of Fernholm & Wheeler 1983, MAFR Carl Linnaeus (some donated to UUZM in 1745); collections united at Sweden Krecsák & Wahlgren 2008, Drottningholm in 1773 (Museum Drottningholmense); generally, the king's Wallach et al. 2014, Marques et collection (essentially specimens in alcohol) was transferred to NRM in 1801 al. 2018 and the queen's collection was transferred to UUZM in 1803. Also as: MDR, MP. MDR See MAFR. Sweden Wallach et al. 2014 MP See MAFR. Sweden Wallin 2001, Wallach et al. 2014 MH See NMB. Basel-Stadt Switzerland Cadena & Joyce 2015 MHNB See NMB. Basel-Stadt Switzerland L85 L&G NHMB See NMB. Basel-Stadt Switzerland Wallach et al. 2014 Naturhistorisches Museum Basel [Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Bâle], Basel. Carrillo-Briceño et al. 2015, NMB Note: founded in 1821. Obsolete as: MH, MHNB, NHMB. Current as: NMB. Basel-Stadt Switzerland Etter et al. 2018 Also as: NMBA. Ferraris 2007, Nguyen et al. NMBA See NMB. Basel-Stadt Switzerland L85 F&E 2009, Böhme 2010 NHM See NMBE. Bern Switzerland Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010 Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern, Bern. Current as: Böhme 2010, Kottelat 2013, NMBE Bern Switzerland L85 F&E NMBE. Wallach et al. 2014 Musée d'Histoire Naturelle de Fribourg, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg Roselaar 2003, Georgalis & MHNF Fribourg Switzerland [Freiburg]. Current as: MHNF (fossils). Joyce 2017 Muséum d'histoire naturelle, Genève [Geneva]. Includes: part of personal Wallach et al. 2014, Ferraris et MHNG Genève Switzerland L85 F&E collection of Jacques Géry (GSC). Obsolete as: MNG. Current as: MHNG. al. 2017 Private collection of Maurice Kottelat, Delémont [previously as Cornol]. CMK Jura Switzerland F&E Current as: CMK. See also: ZSM/CMK. Eidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung, Abwasserreinigung und EAWAG Gewässerschutz [Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology], Lucerne Switzerland L85 L&G F&E Kottelat 2012:12 Kastanienbaum. LCFM Musée d'histoire naturelle, La Chaux-de-Fonds. Also as: MHNC. Neuchâtel Switzerland Saiff 1970, Gans 2005 MHNC See LCFM. Neuchâtel Switzerland L85 Glaw 2015 MHNCF See LCFM. Neuchâtel Switzerland Grandison 1968, Perret 1996 Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel. Note: includes Musée Zoologique de Neuchâtel (MZN); MHNN also associated with Muséum de MHNN Neuchâtel Switzerland L85 L&G F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Historia Naturelle de Nantes, France. Current as: MHNN (herps). Also as: MHNNL (birds), MZN (herps). MHNNL See MHNN. Neuchâtel Switzerland Roselaar 2003 MZN See MHNN. Neuchâtel Switzerland Wallach et al. 2014 NMS Naturmuseum Solothurn, Solothurn. Current as: NMS (fossils). Solothurn Switzerland Cadena & Joyce 2015 Museo cantonale di storia naturale, Lugano. Current as: MCSN (fossils). MCSN Ticino Switzerland López-Arbarello et al. 2016 Also as: MCSNL (fossils). MCSNL See MCSN. Ticino Switzerland Lombardo 2013 Musée cantonal de zoologie, Lausanne. Current as: MCZL (fishes). Also as: MCZL Vaud Switzerland Kottelat 2013 MZL (birds). Musée cantonal de géologie, Lausanne. Note: hosted by Université de MGL Vaud Switzerland Georgalis & Joyce 2017 Lausanne. MZL See MCZL. Vaud Switzerland Roselaar 2003 PIMUT See PIMUZ. Zürich Switzerland Lui et al. 2017 Paläontologisches Institut und Museum der Universität Zürich, Zürich Karl 2007, Wallach et al. 2014, PIMUZ [Zurich]. Current as: PIMUZ (fossils). Also as: PIMUT (fossils). See also: Zürich Switzerland López-Arbarello et al. 2016 ZMZ. SH See ZMZ. Zürich Switzerland Eremchenko et al. 1998 ZMUZ See ZMZ. Zürich Switzerland L85 L&G Roselaar 2003 Zoologisches Museum der Universität Zürich, Zürich [Zurich]. Obsolete as: Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, ZMZ Zürich Switzerland L&G SH, ZMUZ. Current as: ZMZ. See also: PIMUZ (fossils). Wallach et al. 2014 EK Private collection of Eugen Kramer (1921-2004). Note: status unknown. Switzerland Wallach et al. 2014 Leon Yun-Chih Liao pers. NTHUB National Tsing Hua University, Department of Life Science, Hsinchu. Hsinchu County Taiwan comm. 2013 Kuo & Mok 1994, Mok & Kuo NSYSU See NSYU. Kaohsiung City Taiwan L&G F&E 2001 National Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Marine Biology, Kaohsiung. NSYU Kaohsiung City Taiwan F&E Ho & Shao 2011 Current as: NSYU (fishes). Also as: NSYSU, Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute, Keelung City. Note: descended in part from Freshwater Aquaculture Experiment Station, Hsiaoli and Marine Liao & Shao 2008, Leon Yun- FRIP Keelung City Taiwan Aquaculture Experiment Station, Taiwan. Obsolete as: TFRI (occupied in Chih Liao pers. comm. 2013 entomology by Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei). Current as: FRIP.

National Museum of Marine Science and Technology, Keelung City. Current Jang-Liaw et al. 2012, Leon Yun- NMMST Keelung City Taiwan F&E as: NMMSTP (fishes). Also as: NMSMP. Chih Liao pers. comm. 2013 Leon Yun-Chih Liao pers. NMMSTP See NMMST. Keelung City Taiwan comm. 2013 NMSMP See NMMST. Keelung City Taiwan Ho & Shao 2011 National Taiwan Ocean University, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Ho & Johnson 2013, Hong-Ming NTOU Marine Biology, Keelung City. Note: maintained separately from TOU-AE Keelung City Taiwan F&E Chen pers. comm. 2013 collection at same institution. Current as: NTOU P and NTOUP (fishes). NTOUP See NTOU. Keelung City Taiwan Jang-Liaw et al. 2012 Ho & Johnson 2013, Kottelat TFRI See FRIP. Keelung City Taiwan L85 F&E 2013 National Taiwan Ocean University, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Loh et al. 2011, Hong-Ming TOU-AE Department of Aquaculture, Keelung City. Note: maintained separately from Keelung City Taiwan F&E Chen pers. comm. 2013 NTOU collection at same institution. Current as: TOU-AE fishes. Fish Collection, Matsu [Mazu] Islands, Lienchiang [Lianjiang] County, Fujian Leon Yun-Chih Liao pers. MTP Lienchiang County Taiwan Province. comm. 2013 Catholic University Peking, New Taipei City [Xinbei]. Note: fossil herps CUP New Taipei City Taiwan Bruner 1991 incorporated into Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH PR). National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium (NMMBA), Checheng. Durand et al. 2012, Kaga & Ho Note: currently houses fishes transferred from Tonghai [Tunghai] University NMMB Pingtung County Taiwan F&E 2012, Ho & Johnson 2013, Ho (THUP) in 2004. Obsolete as: NMMBA, NMMBAP, NMMBP, NMMB P. Current pers. comm. 2016 as: NMMB-P (fishes). NMMB-P See NMMB. Pingtung County Taiwan Kaga & Ho 2012 Leon Yun-Chih Liao pers. NMMBA See NMMB. Pingtung County Taiwan comm. 2013, Seah et al. 2015 Leon Yun-Chih Liao pers. NMMBAP See NMMB. Pingtung County Taiwan comm. 2013 NMMBP See NMMB. Pingtung County Taiwan F&E Durand et al. 2012 NCHUZOOL National Chung Hsing University, Taichung. Current as: NCHUZOOL (herps). Taichung City Taiwan Wu et al. 2016 National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung. Includes: some herps from Nguyen et al. 2009, Wang et al. Tonghai [Tunghai] University (THUP), but apparently not type specimens NMNS Taichung City Taiwan 2017, Hui-Yun Tseng pers. (e.g., Takydromus hsuehslranensis ). Obsolete as: NMNSF. Current as: comm. 2018 NMNS (herps). Also as: NMNSF (fishes). NMNSF See NMNS. Taichung City Taiwan Wu et al. 2013:76 Tonghai [Tunghai] University, Science College, Department of Life Science, Ho & Shao 2011, Leon Yun-Chih Systematics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory [formerly Department of Liao pers. comm. 2013, Ho & Zoology], Taichung City. Note: fishes transferred to National Museum of THUP Taichung City Taiwan L85 F&E Johnson 2013; Hsuan-Ching Ho Marine Biology & Aquarium (NMMB) in 2004; disposition of herps unknown, pers. comm. 2018, Hui-Yun although some non-type specimens deposited at NMNS. Also as: TURL Tseng pers. comm. 2018 (herps). TURL See THUP. Taichung City Taiwan Lin & Cheng 1980 Biodiversity Research Museum, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Academia Sinica], Taipei City. Also known as: Biodiversity Research Center (BRCAS). Leon Yun-Chih Liao pers. Obsolete as: ASIZT (Institute of Zoology), ISFM, ISM (Institute of Science ASIZ Taipei City Taiwan F&E comm. 2013, Kottelat 2013, Museum), MISGF (Museum of the Institute of Science of the Government of Wallach et al. 2014 Formosa). Current as: ASIZ P (fishes), ASIZ AM (amphibians) ASIZ R (reptiles). http://museum.biodiv.tw/eng/co ASIZAM See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan de.php ASIZP See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan Kottelat 2013 http://museum.biodiv.tw/eng/co ASIZR See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan de.php Leon Yun-Chih Liao pers. ASIZT See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan L85 F&E comm. 2013 BRCAS See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan Jang-Liaw & Chou 2015 ISFM See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan Wallach et al. 2014 ISM See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan Wallach et al. 2014 MISGF See ASIZ. Taipei City Taiwan Wallach et al. 2014 National Taiwan Museum, Taipei City. Obsolete as: TMF, TMRL. Current as: Ho & Shao 2011, Leon Yun-Chih NTM Taipei City Taiwan NTMP (fishes & herps). Liao pers. comm. 2013 National Taiwan Normal University, Department of Life Science [formerly Department of Biology until 2003], College of Science, Taipei City. Lue et al. 1995, Leon Yun-Chih NTNUB Formerly: The Taiwan Provincial Normal College (formed from Taipei High Taipei City Taiwan L85 Liao pers. comm. 2013 School, pre-1946) and Taiwan Provincial Normal University established in 1955. Obsolete as: TNUB. Current as: NTNUB. NTU See NTUM. Taipei City Taiwan Lisle et al. 2013 National Taiwan University Museums, Institute of Zoology, Taipei City. Matsunuma et al. 2010, Ho & Formerly: Taihoku Imperial University (pre-1945), Institute of Zoology, Johnson 2013, Jang-Liaw & NTUM Taipei City Taiwan L85 F&E Taipei. Obsolete as: NTU. Current as: NTUM (fishes, herps, fossils). Also Chou 2015, Georgalis & Joyce as: NTUMA (amphibians) 2017 NTUMA See NTUM. Taipei City Taiwan Lue et al. 1995 TMF See NTM. Taipei City Taiwan F&E Ho & Shao 2011 TMRL See NTM. Taipei City Taiwan Lin & Yao 2016 TNUB See NTNUB. Taipei City Taiwan Chen & Lue 1987 TFRI-TT Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute, Taitung Branch museum. Taitung County Taiwan Chen et al. 1996 East African Marine Fisheries Research Organization. Note: EAMFRO established in 1953; Zanzibar laboratories became Institute of Marine EAMFRO Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, in 1978; Mombasa laboratories Tanzania F&E Morcos 2002 became Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI) in 1979. See also: TAFIRI. Private collection of Kim M. Howell (herps). Note: deposited (at least in part) Rasmussen et al. 1995, Trape KMH Tanzania at UDSM. et al. 2009 National Museum of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam. Note: developed from Nesbitt et al. 2010, Wallach et NMT Tanzania National Museum of Dar es Salaam. Current as: NMT (fossils). al. 2014 OGM Olduvai Gorge Museum, Olduvai Gorge, Ngorongoro Conservation Area. Tanzania Wallach et al. 2014 Serengeti Wildlife Research Centre, Serengeti National Park (SNP). SRI Tanzania L85 Formerly: Serengeti Wildlife Research Institute (SWRI) until 1980. Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute, Mwanza Centre on Lake Victoria. TAFIRI Formerly: station of East African Freshwater Fisheries Research Tanzania F&E Seehausen et al. 1998 Organization (EAFFRO). Current as: TAFIRI (fishes). University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam. Includes: herps from private UDSM Tanzania L85 collection of Kim M. Howell (KMH). Zanzibar Museum, Zanzibar City. Also known as: Peace Memorial Museum, ZMZ Tanzania F&E opened in 1925. CUB See CUMZ. Bangkok Thailand L85 F&E Nguyen et al. 2009 CUB MZ See CUMZ. Bangkok Thailand David et al. 2007 Chulalongkorn University, Museum of Zoology, Bangkok. Obsolete as: CUB, Bauer et al. 2002, Kottelat CUMZ Bangkok Thailand F&E CUB MZ, CUMZA (amphibians), CUZM. Current as: CUMZ (fishes & herps). 2013, Matsui et al. 2015 CUMZA See CUMZ. Bangkok Thailand McLeod 2010 CUZM See CUMZ. Bangkok Thailand Nguyen et al. 2009 Kasetsart University, Faculty of Agriculture, Museum of Fisheries, Bangkok. KUMF Note: separate from RLIKU (Research Laboratory of Ichthyology). Current Bangkok Thailand L85 F&E Kottelat 2012:12 as: KUMF (fishes). See also: ZMKU (herps). Laboratory, Department of Biology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok. LBSWU Bangkok Thailand Magtoon 2010 Current as: LBSWU. Marine Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Fisheries, Bangkok. Formerly: MFLB Siam Department of Fisheries, Thailand Bureau of Fisheries. Current as: Bangkok Thailand F&E Kottelat 2013 MFLB (fishes). Department of Mineral Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources and MNRER Bangkok Thailand Roberts 2014 Environment, Ratchatewi, Bangkok. Note: abbreviation assigned here. National Inland Fisheries Institute, Fish Taxonomy Division, Bangkok. Ferraris 2007, Suvarnaraksha NIFI Bangkok Thailand L85 F&E Current as: NIFI (fishes). 2013 NRCT See ZMKU. Bangkok Thailand David et al. 2007 David et al. 2007, Böhme 2010, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok. QSMI Bangkok Thailand Wallach et al. 2014, Murphy & Current as: QSMI (herps). Voris 2014 Research Laboratory of Ichthyology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok. Note: RLIKU curated by Prachya Musikasinthorn; separate from KUMF. Current as: Bangkok Thailand F&E Havird & Page 2010 RLIKU. See also: ZMKU (herps). Thailand Institute for Scientific and Technological Research, Ministry of TISTR Bangkok Thailand F&E Kottelat 2013 Science and Technology, Bangkok. Zoological Museum Kasetsart University, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science. Includes: questionably includes specimens cited as NRCT (National ZMKU Research Council of Thailand), a government agency with headquarters on Bangkok Thailand Rujirawan et al. 2013 the university campus. Current as: ZMKU AM (amphibians), ZMKU R (reptiles). See also: KUMF, RLIKU (both fishes). Maejo Aquatic Resources Natural Museum, Maejo University, Nong Han. MARNM Chiang Mai Thailand Suvarnaraksha 2012, 2013 Current as: MARNM (fishes). Sirindhorn Museum, Sahat Sakhan. Also known as: Sirindhorn Dinosaur Museum; Sahat Sakhan Dinosaur Research Centre, Department of Mineral Buffetaut & Ingavat 1984, TF Resources (DMR). Note: TF (Thai fossils) also refers to material in the Kalasin Thailand Claude et al. 2007, Khamha et collections of the Department of Mineral Resources in Bangkok. Current as: al. 2016 TF (fossils). Mahasarakham University, collections of the Palaeontological Research and Khamha et al. 2016, Tennant et PRC Maha Sarakham Thailand Education Centre. Current as: PRC (fossils). al. 2016 KZM Khorat Zoo Museum, Nakhon Ratchasima. Current as: KZM (herps). Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Sumontha et al. 2012 Collection of the Museum of Petrified Wood and Mineral Resources, Nakhon NRRU Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima. Current as: NRRU Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Joyce 2014 (fossils). Walailak University Reference Colleciton, Tha Sala District. Current as: Nakhon Si WURC Thailand F&E Kottelat 2013 WURC (fishes). Thammarat CTNRC See THNHM. Pathum Thani Thailand Chuaynkern et al. 2013 Matsui et al. 1999, Nguyen et NHMT See THNHM. Pathum Thani Thailand al. 2009 NSM See THNHM. Pathum Thani Thailand Wallach et al. 2014 RFI See THNHM. Pathum Thani Thailand Nguyen et al. 2009 Thailand Natural History Museum, National Science Museum (NSM), Technopolis, Klong Luang. Includes: specimens formerly vouchered as Chuaynkern et al. 2013, THNHM CTNRC or TNRC (Thai National Reference Collection); Robert F. Inger Pathum Thani Thailand Kottelat 2013, Wallach et al. collection (herps). Obsolete as: NHMT, TNSM (Thailand National Science 2014 Museum). Current as: THNHM (fishes & herps). David & Vogel 1998, Wallach et TNRC See THNHM. Pathum Thani Thailand al. 2014 TNSM See THNHM. Pathum Thani Thailand Honda et al. 1997 SHM Srisuk's House Museum, Khao Yoi. Current as: SHM (fossils). Petchaburi Thailand Cavin et al. 2009 Motomura et al. 2001, Randall PMBC Phuket Marine Biological Centre, Phuket. Current as: PMBC (fishes). Phuket Thailand F&E & Victor 2015 NICA National Institute of Coastal Aquaculture, Songkhla. Songkhla Thailand Imamura 2011 Prince of Songkla University, Zoological Collection. Also known as: The Fifty PSUZC Year Anniversary of Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Songkhla Thailand Sumontha et al. 2012 Museum. Current as: PSUZC-RT (Reptile Section). Chaiwut Grudpan pers. comm. Ubon Ratchathani Natural History Museum of Fisheries, Ubon Ratchathani UNMF Ubon Ratchathani Thailand 2010, Grudpan & Grudpan University, Warin Chamrap. Current as: UNMF (fishes). 2012, Kottelat 2013 UBL See UL. Togo L85 University of Lomé, Lomé. Formerly: Université du Bénin (1970–2001). Hoinsoude Segniagbeto et al. UL Includes: herps deposited by Gabriel Hoinsoude Segniagbeto (Coll. GHS-W, Togo 2015, Gabriel Hoinsoude coll. GHS-Togo). Obsolete as: UBL. Current as: UL. Segniagbeto pers. comm. 2016 Caribbean Epidemiology Centre, Federation Park. Formerly: Trinidad Trinidad & CAREC Trinidad Tikasingh 2003 Regional Virus Laboratory (TRVL). Note: herp collection. Tobago Coast Guard Museum, Chaguaramas. Note: collections of fishes and marine Trinidad & CGM Trinidad Tikasingh 2003 invertebrates by staff. Tobago Trinidad & IMA Institute of Marine Affairs, Chaguaramas. Trinidad L85 Tikasingh 2003 Tobago Ministry of Agriculture, Lands and Fisheries, Fisheries Division, Port of Spain. Trinidad & MALF Trinidad Tikasingh 2003 Note: collection of marine fishes by staff. Tobago Trinidad & TRS See WBTRS. Trinidad Eigenmann 1925 Tobago University of the West Indies at St. Augustine, Zoology Museum. Formerly: Trinidad & Tikasingh 2003, Vanegas-Ríos & UWIZM Trinidad Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture (1921–1960). Tobago Phillip 2013 William Beebe Tropical Research Station, Arima Valley. Also known as: Trinidad & WBTRS Simla. Formerly: New York Zoological Society's Tropical Research Station. Trinidad Tobago Obsolete as: TRS. Current as: WBTRS. Ichthyological Collection, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El FST Tunisia Ounifi-Ben Amor et al. 2016 Manar, Tunis. Current as: FST (fishes). Musée de l'Office National Des Mines, Ministère de l'Industrie et de la ONM NG Tunisia Fanti et al. 2016 Technologie, Tunis. Current as: ONM NG (fossils). Zoology Museum of Adıyaman Üniversitesi [Adiyaman University], Adıyaman Adıyaman ZMADYU Turkey Göçmen et al. 2014 [Adiyaman]. Current as: ZMADYU (herps). [Adiyaman] CGE Private collection of Fitnat Güler Ekmekçi, Hacettepe University, Ankara. Ankara Turkey F&E Turan et al. 2009 Hacettepe Üniversitesi [Hacettepe University], Faculty of Science, HUIC Department of Biology, Ichthyological Collection, Ankara. Current as: HUIC Ankara Turkey F&E Kottelat 2012:12 (fishes). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi [Middle East Technical University], Geology METUGM Ankara Turkey Murray & Hoşgör 2013 Museum. Current as: METUGM (fossils). KOC See ZMADU. Aydın [Aydin] Turkey Lanza et al. 2009 Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi (ADÜ) [Adnan Menderes University], Zooloji ZMADU Müzesi, Aydın [Aydin]. Includes: Kurtuluş Olgun Collection (KOC), Biological Aydın [Aydin] Turkey Fricke et al. 2007 Department. Piri Reis Museum, Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale. Current as: PRM PRM Çanakkale Turkey Smith et al. 2012 (fishes). Dicle Üniversitesi, Fen Fakültesi, zooloji müzesi [Dicle University, Faculty of Diyarbakır DUM Turkey F&E Bogutskaya et al. 2000 Science, Zoological Museum], Diyarbakır [Diyarbakir]. [Diyarbakir] Inland Fishes Collection, Eğirdir Su ürünleri Fakültesi [Faculty of Fisheries], IFC-ESUF Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi [Suleyman Demirel University], Isparta. Isparta Turkey Ekmekçi et al. 2015 Current as: IFC-ESUF (fishes). Private collection of Fahrettin Küçük, Eğirdir Su ürünleri Fakültesi [Faculty of SCFK-SDU Fisheries], Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi [Suleyman Demirel University], Isparta Turkey F&E Turan et al. 2016 Isparta. Ekmekçi et al. 2015, Turan et IUSHM See ZMUI. Istanbul Turkey F&E al. 2016 İstanbul Üniversitesi Zooloji Müzesi [Zoology Museum of Istanbul University], Özuluğ et al. 2013, Freyhof et ZMUI Fatih, Istanbul. Note: founded in the 1920s. Current as: ZMUI (herps). Istanbul Turkey F&E al. 2017, Kaya & Özuluğ 2017 Also as: IUSHM (Hydrobiology Museum, fishes). Ege Üniversitesi, Su Ürünleri Fakültesi [Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries], Turan et al. 2006:422, Küçük ESFM Bornova, İzmir [Izmir]. Current as: ESFM or ESFM-PISI (inland water fish İzmir [Izmir] Turkey F&E 2007, Frost 2016, Bilecenoğlu collection, Faculty of Fisheries). See also: ZDEU (herps). et al. 2017 Böhme 2010, Wallach et al. SZE See ZDEU. İzmir [Izmir] Turkey 2014 Sistematik Zooloji, Ege Üniversitesi [Zoology Department, Ege University], Bornova, İzmir [Izmir]. Note: museum founded in 1961. Obsolete as: SZE Avci et al. 2009:177, Tamar et ZDEU İzmir [Izmir] Turkey L85 (herps). Current as: ZDEU (herps). See also: ESFM (inland water fish al. 2016 collection, Faculty of Fisheries) Zoology Museum, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Turan et al. 2006, Kovačić & (RTEU), Rize. Formerly: Rize University (2006–2012) which separated from FFR Rize Turkey Engín 2008:74, Turan et al. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi [Black Sea Technical University] in 2006. 2014:276 Current as: FFR (fishes) Zoological Museum of Harran University [Harran Üniversitesi], Osmanbey ZMHRU Şanlıurfa [Urfa] Turkey Yildiz 2011, Šmíd et al. 2015 Campus, Şanlıurfa [Urfa]. Current as: ZMHRU (herps). Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi KZL [Karadeniz Technical University], Trabzon. Also known as: Black Sea Trabzon Turkey Kurnaz & Bülbül 2018 Technical University. Current as: KZL (herps). Private collection of Mahmut Elp, Fisheries Faculty, Van Yüzüncü Yıl YYU-ZF Van Turkey Elp et al. 2015 University, Van. Institute of Zoology, Türkmenistanyň Ylymlar akademiýasy [Turkmen IZTA Turkmenistan Schätti et al. 2014 Academy of Sciences], Ashgabat. MUZM Makerere University Zoology Museum, Kampala. Current as: MUZM (herps). Uganda Bates & Broadley 2018 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy CKRM Cherkasy Regional Museum, Cherkasy. Current as: CKRM. Cherkasy Ukraine 2014 The Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy, Cherkasy. Also Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMCKU Cherkasy Ukraine known as: Cherkasy National University. Current as: ZMCKU. 2014 Zoological Museum, Nizhyn Gogol State University, Nížyn [Nizhyn]. Current Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMNSU Chernihiv Ukraine as: ZMNSU. 2014 Zoological Museum, Yurii Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy CHER Chernivtsi Ukraine Chernivtsi. Current as: CHER. 2014 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy TNU V.I. Vernadsky Taurida National University, Simferopol. Current as: TNU. Crimea Ukraine 2014 Southern Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, YugNIRO Crimea Ukraine F&E Shandikov 2011 Kerch. Zoological Museum, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Dnipro [ex Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMDU Dnipropetrovsk]. Also known as: Dnipropetrovsk State University. Current Dnipropetrovsk Ukraine 2014 as: ZMDU. Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMKRU Kryvyi Rih National University, Kryvyi Rih [Krivoy Rog]. Current as: ZMKRU. Dnipropetrovsk Ukraine 2014 Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk. Current Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMPRU Ivano-Frankivsk Ukraine as: ZMPRU. 2014 KSU See MNKhU. Kharkiv Ukraine Wallach et al. 2014 MNKhNU See MNKhU. Kharkiv Ukraine Shandikov & Eakin 2013 Museum of Nature at V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University [Karazin University], Kharkiv [Kharkov]. Includes: Zoological Cabinet Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy MNKhU of Imperial Kharkiv University (ZCIKU). Obsolete as: KSU (Kharkov State Kharkiv Ukraine 2014 University), MNKhNU, MPKhU, ZCIKU, ZDKU. Current as: MNKhU. Also as: MNKNU (herps). Vedmederya et al. 2009, MNKNU See MNKhU. Kharkiv Ukraine Wallach et al. 2014, Zinenko et al. 2015, Wagner et al. 2016 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy MPKhU See MNKhU. Kharkiv Ukraine 2014 ZCIKU See MNKhU. Kharkiv Ukraine Vedmederya et al. 2009 ZDKU See MNKhU. Kharkiv Ukraine L85 Wallach et al. 2014 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMKNU Zoological Museum , Kherson State University, Kherson. Current as: ZMKNU. Kherson Ukraine 2014 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy IK See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine 2014 IZ See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Kovalchuk & Ferraris 2016 IZAN See NMNHU and SIZK. Kiev Ukraine Tkach et al. 2014, Zerova 1993 IZANU See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Shandikov 2008, Böhme 2010 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy IZAS See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine 2014 Joyce 2016, Barabanov & Milto IZASU See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine 2017 IZU See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Naseka 1996:151 NASU See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Shandikov 2011, Doronin 2012, NMNH See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine P. Uetz pers. comm. 2014 National Museum of Natural History, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Kyiv [Kiev]. Includes: M. Shcherbak Zoological Museum and V. Topachevsky Palaeontological Museum. Note: Zoological and Paleontological departments were part of Institute of Zoology, National Roselaar 2003, Kovalchuk 2013, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IZAN, now SIZK) in from 1939–1998. Kovalchuk, 2014, Kovalchuk & NMNHU Obsolete as: ННПМ НАНУ [NNPM NASU (herps)], IK, IZ (fossils), IZAN Kiev Ukraine Ferraris 2016, Wagner et al. (fossils), IZANU (fishes, herps), IZAS, IZASU (fossils), IZU (fishes), NMNH, 2016, Igor Zagorodniuk pers. NMNH NASU (fossils), NMNH-P (fossils), NNHMK, ZM NASU (fishes), ZMAU comm. 2018 (birds), ZIK, ZIKP (herps), ZMNHMK, ZMUAS (fishes). Current as: NMNHU, NMNHU-Z (Department of Zoology, fishes & herps), NMNHU-P (Department of Paleontology, fossils). See also: SIZK. Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy NNHMK See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine 2014 I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Petrov & Perkovsky 2008, Ukraine, Kyiv [Kiev]. Note: Zoological museum established in 1919; from Korneyev & Namin 2013, 1939–1998, Institute of Zoology (IZAN) included Zoological and SIZK Kiev Ukraine Perkovsky 2015, V.A. Korneyev, Paleontological departments that are now part of National Museum of Natural Vitaliy Kharchenko & Igor History, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NMNHU). Obsolete as: Zagorodniuk pers. comm. 2018 IZAN (parasites). Current as: SIZK. See also: NMNHU. ZIK See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine L85 F&E Roselaar 2003 ZIKP See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Wallach et al. 2014 ZM NASU See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Bogutskaya et al. 2017 ZMAU See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Roselaar 2003 Zoological Museum, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMKU [Kiev]. Also known as: Kiev University Zoological Museum, Kyiv National Kiev Ukraine 2014 University. Current as: ZMKU. ZMNHMK See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Zinenko et al. 2015 ZMUAS See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine F&E Kottelat 2013 Zoological Museum, Stepan Demyanchuk International Economic and Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMUD Kiev Ukraine Humanities University, Kyiv [Kiev]. Current as: ZMUD. 2014 ННПМ [NNPM] See NMNHU. Kiev Ukraine Kukushkin 2009 Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Starobilsk [ex Lugansk]. Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMLG Luhansk Ukraine Also known as: University of Luhansk. Current as: ZMLG. 2014 State Museum of Natural History, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy SNHM Lviv Ukraine Lviv. Current as: SNHM. 2014, Kaprus’ et al. 2016 Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv. Also known as: The Benedict Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMD Lviv Ukraine Dybowski Zoological Museum. Current as: ZMD. 2014 Zoological Museum, Lviv National Agrarian University, Dubliany. Current as: Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMLAU Lviv Ukraine ZMLAU. 2014 Zoological Museum, Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMLVU Lviv Ukraine Biotechnology, Lviv. Current as: ZMLVU. 2014 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy BZM See ZMOU. Odessa Ukraine 2014 ONUZM See ZMOU. Odessa Ukraine F&E Zoological Museum, I. Mechnikov Odessa National University, Odessa. Also Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMOU known as: Brauner Zoological Museum (BZM). Obsolete as: ONUZM. Odessa Ukraine 2014 Current as: ZMOU. IBSS See IMBR. Sevastopol Ukraine Yurakhno 2011 A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol. Formerly: A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (IBSS) from 1963–2014, IMBR descended from the Sevastopol Biological Station (SBS) founded in 1871. Sevastopol Ukraine Note: questionably associated with the Sevastopol Experimental Design Bureau for Underwater Investigation (SEKPB) listed by Leviton and Gibbs (1988:281). SEKPB See IMBR. Sevastopol Ukraine L&G Zoological Museum, Sumy State Pedagogical University, Sumy. Current as: Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMSPU Sumy Ukraine ZMSPU. 2014 Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatyuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil. Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMTPU Ternopil Ukraine Current as: ZMTPU. 2014 Zoological Museum, Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University, Vinnytsya Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMDONU Vinnytsya [Vinnytsia] Ukraine [Vinnytsia]. Current as: ZMDONU. 2014 Zoological Mukseum of Vinnytsya State Pedagogical University. Vinnytsya Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMVU Vinnytsya [Vinnytsia] Ukraine [Vinnytsia]. Current as: ZMVU. 2014 The Transcarpathian Museum of Regional Studies, Uzhhorod [Uzhgorod]. Formerly: Mukachiv Historical Regional Museum "Tyvodar Legotsky" (1924), TMRS Zakarpattia Ukraine Monsch & Bannikov 2012 "Prosvita" Regional Community Museum in Uzhgorod (1928). Current as: TMRS (fossils). http://www.uzhnu.edu.ua/en/ca UzhNU See UZZM. Zakarpattia Ukraine t/museums-zoo_museum Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy UZNU See UZZM. Zakarpattia Ukraine 2014 Zoological Museum, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod [Uzhgorod]. Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy UZZM Also known as: Zoological Museum of Uzhnu. Obsolete as: UzhNU, UZNU, Zakarpattia Ukraine 2014 ZMUZ, ZMUZU. Current as: UZZM. Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMUZ See UZZM. Zakarpattia Ukraine 2014 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMUZU See UZZM. Zakarpattia Ukraine 2014 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMZNU Zaporizhzhya National University, Zaporizhia. Current as: ZMZNU Zaporizhia Ukraine 2014 Zagorodniuk & Shydlovskyy ZMZHU Zhytomyr State University of Ivan Franko, Zhytomyr. Current as: ZMZHU. Zhytomyr Ukraine 2014 Alfred Gillett Trust Fossil Collection, Street, Somerset. Current as: AGT AGT England United Kingdom Benson et al. 2012 (fossils). AMSC See FPM. England United Kingdom Wallach et al. 2014

BCMAG See BMAG. England United Kingdom Roselaar 2003 British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham. Current as: BGS (fossils). Lamsdell et al. 2009, Bermúdez- BGS England United Kingdom Also as: BGS GSM (fossils). Rochas & Poyato-Ariza 2015 BM See NHMUK. England United Kingdom Bates & Broadley 2018 Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, Bristol. Current as: BMAG (fishes, fossils), De Maddalena 2006, Lamsdell BMAG England United Kingdom CBMAG (herps). Also as: BRSMG (fossils), BCMAG (birds). et al. 2009 Booth Museum of Natural History, Brighton. Current as: BMB (fossils). Also BMB England United Kingdom Milner 2004 as: BMNHB (fossils). Borgen & Nakrem 2016, BMNH See NHMUK. England United Kingdom L85 F&E Carnevale et al. 2017 BMNHB See BMB. England United Kingdom Taverne & Liston 2017

BRSMG See BMAG. England United Kingdom Fischer et al. 2016

BRSUG University of Bristol, Bristol. Current as: BRSUG (fossils). England United Kingdom Lamsdell et al. 2009 CAMSM See SM. England United Kingdom Fischer et al. 2016

CBMAG See BMAG. England United Kingdom Glaw 2015

CUMZ See UMZC. England United Kingdom Roselaar 2003 The Dorset County Museum, Dorchester, Dorset. Includes: fossils from Corfe Castle Museum transferred in 1894; much of non-type material at DCM Milner 2004, Brusatte et al. DCM England United Kingdom transferred to NHMUK in 1958. Current as: DCM (fossils). Also as: DORCM 2012 (fossils). DJ Collection of Palaeontology, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge. England United Kingdom Otero et al. 2013

DORCM See DCM. England United Kingdom Milner 2004 Museum of Natural History and Pathological Anatomy, Fort Pitt, Chatham. Also known as: Natural History Museum of the Army Medical Department (Burton 1838). Note: human anatomical museum established in 1814, natural history specimens separated in 1829; cited as "Military medical Burton 1838, Carter & Dolan FPM Museum in Chatham" by Valenciennes (1839:47); museum relocated to England United Kingdom 1978, Wallach et al. 2014 Royal Army Medical Department (R.A.M.) at Royal Victoria Hospital in Netley ca. 1862 (no longer extant); some specimens (bearing R.A.M. labels) eventually transferred to NHMUK (see Carter & Dolan 1978). Also as: AMSC (Wallach et al. 2014). Holophusicon: The Leverian Museum, London. Note: natural history and ethnographic collection assembled by Ashton Lever (1729–1788); located HLM first at Leicester House on Leicester Square (1775–1786), then Blackfriars England United Kingdom F&E Whitehead 1969 Bridge where it was often known as the Museum Leverianum; auctioned in 1806 and purchased by several museums, including NMW. Great North Museum: Hancock, Newcastle upon Tyne. Formerly: Hancock HM England United Kingdom Borgen & Nakrem 2016 Museum (1884–2006). Current as: HM (fossils). Haslar Medical Museum, Royal Naval Hospital, Gosport. Note: collections HMG England United Kingdom F&E transfered to NHMUK. Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, Godalming. Includes: Deacon Laboratory (IOSDL). Note: merged into Southampton Oceanography IOS England United Kingdom L85 F&E Santos et al. 1997 Centre and renamed National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS) in 1996; renamed Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) in 2005. http://www.dinosaurisle.com/ty IWCMS See MIWG. England United Kingdom pe.aspx KMAG Keswick Museum and Art Gallery, Keswick England United Kingdom F&E

LDHRN See NH. England United Kingdom http://www.asih.org/codons.pdf

LEICT New Walk Museum and Art Gallery, Leicester. Current as: LEICT (fossils). England United Kingdom Benson et al. 2012 The Linnean Society of London, London. Obsolete as: LS, LSL. Current as: LINN England United Kingdom LINN. LIV See LIVCM. England United Kingdom Frost 2016

LIVCM World Museum, Liverpool. Formerly: Liverpool Museum. Also as: LIV, WML. England United Kingdom L85 Roselaar 2003, Ferraris 2007

LMR Lyme Regis Museum, Lyme Regis, Dorset. England United Kingdom Fischer et al. 2016

LS See LINN. England United Kingdom L85 F&E Grande 2010

LSL See LINN. England United Kingdom F&E Kottelat 2013

MANCH See MM. England United Kingdom Milner 2004 Private collection of Malcolm A. Smith, London. Note: some herps MAS England United Kingdom Wallach et al. 2014 transferred to NHMUK. Dinosaur Isle Museum, Sandown. Formerly: Museum of Isle of Wight MIWG Geology (MIWG). Current as: MIWG (fossils) or IWCMS (Isle of Wight England United Kingdom Allain et al. 2015 County Museums Service, fossils from 1994 onwards). MJML Museum of Jurassic Marine Life, Ashfield, Kimmeridge, Dorset. England United Kingdom Fischer et al. 2016 Manchester Museum, University of Manchester, Manchester. Current as: MM MM England United Kingdom Borgen & Nakrem 2016 (fossils). Also as: MANCH (fossils). NERC See IOS. England United Kingdom Horniman Museum and Gardens, London. Includes: fossils collected by NH Walter H. Bennett, acquired from Croydon Natural History & Scientific England United Kingdom Hendrickx et al. 2015 Society in 1989. Current as: NH (fossils). NHM See NHMUK. England United Kingdom F&E Dunz et al. 2012:157

NHML See NHMUK. England United Kingdom Caldwell et al. 2015 Natural History Museum, London. Formerly: British Museum (Natural History). Includes: Walter Rothschild collection housed separately in Tring; NHMUK herps from the private collection of Malcolm A. Smith. Obsolete as: BM, England United Kingdom VertNet 2016 NHML. Current as: NHMUK (preferred for citing specimens as of 1 Jan 2011). Also as: BMNH, NHM P (fossils). NOCS See IOS. England United Kingdom F&E Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford. Includes: natural Davies & Hull 1976, Roselaar history collections held separately by Ashmolean Museum and Anatomical 2003, Nowak-Kemp & Fritz OUM England United Kingdom L85 F&E Museum of Christ Church, Oxford, both transferred to OUM between 2010, Ilaria Perzia pers. comm. 1860–1866. Current as: OUM. Also as: OUMNH, OUMNH.ZC. 2016 Benson et al. 2012, Miralles et OUMNH See OUM. England United Kingdom al. 2017 Penlee House Gallery and Museum, Penzance; formerly Penzance Museum, PHGM England United Kingdom F&E Penzance Natural History and Antiquarian Society R.A.M. See FPM. England United Kingdom Carter & Dolan 1978 Royal College of Surgeons of England Museum, London. Formerly: Company of Surgeons (1745–1800). Includes: collection of John Hunter (1728-1793), also known as Hunterian Collection or Museum, purchased in 1799. Note: RCSHC England United Kingdom Benton et al. 2015 collections partially destroyed during WWII on 10 May 1941. Obsolete as: RCSOM. Current as: RCSHC (fossils, Hunterian Collection). Also as: RCSL (fishes), RCSM (herps). RCSL See RCSHC. England United Kingdom F&E Iverson 1992, Wallach et al. RCSM See RCSHC. England United Kingdom 2014, Marques et al. 2018 RCSOM See RCSHC. England United Kingdom de Lisle 2009 Royal Naval Hospital Gillingham, Medical Museum, Chatham, London. Note: erroneously cited as repository for paralectotype of Carcharhinus falciformis RNHG England United Kingdom F&E (Müller & Henle 1839) which was originally deposited at Museum of Natural History and Pathological Anatomy, Fort Pitt, Chatham (FPM). Royal United Service Museum, Royal United Services Institute, Whitehall, RUSM London. Note: status unknown, collection probably donated in part to England United Kingdom F&E NHMUK. The Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, SM Cambridge. Current as: SM (fossils). Also as: CAMSM (fossils). See also: England United Kingdom Borgen & Nakrem 2016 UMZC. Somerset County Museum, Taunton. Also known as: Museum of Somerset. TTNCM England United Kingdom Benson et al. 2012 Current as: TTNCM (fossils). UCFP See UMZC. England United Kingdom F&E Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge. Formerly: Anatomical and UMZC Zoological Museum. Obsolete as: UCFP (Faculty of Philosophy). Current England United Kingdom Milner 2004 as: UMZC. See also: SM (Sedgwick Museum). University Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge. UMZC England United Kingdom F&E VertNet 2016 Obsolete as: ZMC. Also as: CUMZ (birds). UOP University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth. Current as: UOP (fossils). England United Kingdom Allain et al. 2015

WARMS Warwickshire Museum, Warwick. Current as: WARMS (fossils). England United Kingdom Maxwell & López-Arbarello 2018

WML See LIVCM. England United Kingdom F&E Wallach et al. 2014

ZMC See UMZC. England United Kingdom Zoological Society of London, London. Note: founded in 1825; collection ZSL England United Kingdom F&E Wheeler 1997 dispersed in 1854 to NHMUK and other local collections. BELUM The Ulster Museum, Department of Natural Sciences, Belfast. Northern Ireland United Kingdom F&E University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen. Current as: AUGD (fossils, Geology AUGD Scotland United Kingdom Benton & Spencer 1995 Department), AUZD (herps, Zoology Department). AUZD See AUGD. Scotland United Kingdom Benton & Spencer 1995 The D'Arcy Thompson Zoology Museum, Dundee College of Education collection, University of Dundee, Dundee. Note: founded in 1881 as DUNUC University College, Dundee, incorporated within University of St Andrews in Scotland United Kingdom Russell 1996 1897, regained independent status in 1967. Includes: fishes collected by Captain F.W. Hutton. Current as: DUNUC. The Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery, University of Glasgow, Glasgow. De Maddalena 2006, Fischer et GLAHM Obsolete as: GMNGZ, HMG. Current as: GLAHM (fishes, fossils). See also: Scotland United Kingdom al. 2012, Fischer et al. 2016 RCSHC. GMNGZ See GLAHM. Scotland United Kingdom L85 F&E

GSE British Geological Survey, Edinburgh. Current as: GSE (fossils). Scotland United Kingdom Sallan 2012

HMG See GLAHM. Scotland United Kingdom Wallach et al. 2014

NMS See NMSZ. Scotland United Kingdom Glaw 2015

NMSE See NMSZ. Scotland United Kingdom Roselaar 2003 National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh. Formerly: Edinburgh Museum of Ferraris 2007, Anderson & Science and Art opened in 1866, renamed Royal Scottish Museum (RSM) in Heemstra 2012:3, Sallan 2012, NMSZ Scotland United Kingdom F&E 1904. Includes: private collection of T.S. Traill (TST). Obsolete as: RSM. Wallach et al. 2014, Marques et Current as: NMSZ. Also as: NMS (herps, fossils), NMSE (birds). al. 2018 RCSE Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, Surgeons' Hall Museums, Edinburgh. Scotland United Kingdom F&E Wallach et al. 2014, Borgen & RSM See NMSZ. Scotland United Kingdom L85 Nakrem 2016 TST Private collection of T.S. Traill (herps). Note: incorporated into NMSZ. Scotland United Kingdom Marques et al. 2018

NMWC See NMWZ. Wales United Kingdom Roselaar 2003 National Museum Cardiff, Amgueddfa Cymru [National Museum of Wales], NMWZ Wales United Kingdom L85 Cardiff. Current as: NMWZ or NMW.Z (Zoology). Also as: NMWC (birds). Virtual Natural History Museum [website]. Current as: VNHM-ID (images of VNHM United Kingdom Marramà et al. 2018 fossils). Centro de Estudios de Ciencias Naturales, Montevideo. Note: herp collection housed at Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo (MHNM) since ca. CECN Uruguay Raúl Maneyro pers. comm. 2012 1996; specimens re-numbered, but also retain original CECN numbers too. Current as: CECN-A (amphibians) & CECN-R (reptiles) Gudynas et al. 1988:7, Raúl Centro Educativo Don Orione, Departamento de Biologia, Montevideo. Note: CEDO Uruguay L85 Maneyro & Francisco Kolenc collection apparently closed, disposition of specimens unknown. pers. comm. 2012 Diversidad de los Humedales del Este. Note: collection began under Programa para la Conservacion de la Biodiversidad y Desarrollo Sustentable de los Bañados del Este (PROBIDES) & United Nations Development DHE Uruguay Raúl Maneyro pers. comm. 2012 Programme; amphibians currently housed at ZVC (specimens re-numbered, but also retain original DHE numbers). Current as: DHE-A (amphibians) & DHE-R (reptiles). Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos, Montevideo. Formerly: Instituto Nacional de Pesca (INAPE). Note: antecedents include Instituto de Pesca, created in 1911 for scientific purposes, renamed Servicio de Oceanografía y DINARA Uruguay Loureiro et al. 2016 Pesca under the Dirección de la Armada in 1933 and replaced by Industrias Loberas y Pesqueras del Estado (ILPE) in 1976; fish collection transferred to MHNM. Cabrera & Colantonio 2001:115, DZVU See ZVC. Uruguay L85 F&E Raúl Maneyro & Francisco Kolenc pers. comm. 2012 Roccatagliata 1986, Loureiro et INAPE See DINARA. Uruguay al. 2016 Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo. Formerly: Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo. Includes: herp collection transferred from Centro de Estudios de Ciencias Naturale (CECN) ca. 1996; fishes from Cabrera & Colantonio Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos (DINARA, formerly Instituto 2001:115, Ferraris 2007, MHNM Nacional de Pesca, INAPE). Note: temporarily merged with Museo Nacional Uruguay L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2015, Loureiro et de Antropología (MNA) in 2001 to form Museo Nacional de Historia Natural y al. 2016, Marcelo Loureiro pers. Antropología (MUHINA, MUNHINA); MHNM and MNA re-established as comm. 2018 independent museums in 2009. Obsolete as: MNHN, MNHMU, MNHNM, MNHNU, MUHINA, MUNHINA. Current as: MHNM (fishes & herps). MNHMU See MHNM. Uruguay Wallach et al. 2014 Kolenc et al. 2011, Borteiro et MNHN See MHNM. Uruguay F&E al. 2013 MNHNM See MHNM. Uruguay Wallach et al. 2014 MNHNU See MHNM. Uruguay Wallach et al. 2014 MUHINA See MHNM. Uruguay Cacciali et al. 2016 MUNHINA See MHNM. Uruguay Costa 2006, Lucinda et al. 2006 Colección de Zoología Vertebrados de la Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Raúl Maneyro & Francisco la República, Montevideo. Includes: amphibian collection from Diversidad de Kolenc pers. comm. 2012, ZVC los Humedales del Este (DHE). Obsolete as: DZVU (Departamento Zoología Uruguay F&E Borteiro et al. 2013, Cacciali et Vertebrados), ZVCB, ZVCP, ZVCR. Current as: ZVC-P (fishes), ZVC-B al. 2016, Loureiro et al. 2016, (amphibians), ZVC-R (reptiles). Ferraris et al. 2017 Maneyro et al. 2008:189, Raúl ZVCB See ZVC. Uruguay Maneyro pers. comm. 2012 ZVCP See ZVC. Uruguay Raúl Maneyro pers. comm. 2012 ZVCR See ZVC. Uruguay Raúl Maneyro pers. comm. 2012 AL See ALMNH. Alabama USA F&E ALA See ALMNH. Alabama USA L85 L&G F&E Alabama Museum of Natural History, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Leslie Rissler pers. comm. Includes: vertebrate fossil collection from Geological Survey of Alabama 2010, Ehret & Ebersole 2014, ALMNH (GSA). Current as: ALMNH PV (fossils). Obsolete as: AL, ALA, UAM, Alabama USA Dana Ehret pers. comm. 2015, UAMNH, UNAL. See also: UA (fishes & herps administered separately by John Friel pers. comm. 2015 Department of Biological Sciences). AMRL Alabama Marine Resources Laboratory, Dauphin Island. Alabama USA L85 API See AUM. Alabama USA J. Armbruster pers. comm. 2010 AU See AUM. Alabama USA J. Armbruster pers. comm. 2010 Auburn University Museum of Natural History, Auburn. Formerly: Alabama Polytechnic Institute (API). Includes: fish holotypes dual-accessioned at Schwimmer et al. 1994, Gilbert AUM and CSBD (Center for the Study of Biological Diversity, University of AUM Alabama USA L85 L&G F&E 1998, J. Armbruster pers. Guyana) to be repatriated to Guyana. Obsolete as: API, AU, AUNHMLC, comm. 2010, Tan et al. 2016 UAA. Current as: AUM (fishes), AUFT (fish tissues), AUMP (Museum of Paleontology, fossils). AUMP See AUM. Alabama USA Ikejiri et al. 2013 AUNHMLC See AUM. Alabama USA Taggart et al. 2006 GSA See UA (fishes) and ALMNH (fossils). Alabama USA Ikejiri et al. 2013 GSA See UA. Alabama USA Gilbert 1998 McWane Science Center, Birmingham. Includes: Red Mountain Museum Ikejiri et al. 2013, Gentry et al. MSC Alabama USA (RMM) collections. Current as: MSC (fossils). 2018 RMM See MSC. Alabama USA Ikejiri et al. 2013 SHCIC Spring Hill College Ichthyological Collection, Mobile. Alabama USA Poss & Collette 1995:64 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Includes: fish collection assembled by Geological Survey of Alabama (GSA), UA Alabama USA Tuscaloosa. Current as: UAIC (fishes), UAHC (herps). See also: ALMNH (fossils). UAA See AUM. Alabama USA Grande 2010 UAHC See UA. Alabama USA Leslie Rissler pers. comm. 2010 UAIC See UA. Alabama USA L&G F&E UAM See ALMNH. Alabama USA Ikejiri et al. 2013 UAMNH See ALMNH. Alabama USA F&E UNAL See ALMNH. Alabama USA F&E University of Northern Alabama, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Michael Doosey pers. comm. UNOAL Alabama USA F&E Biology, Florence. 2010 University of South Alabama, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of USA Alabama USA L85 F&E Iverson 1981 Biological Sciences, Mobile. UWA See UWAZ. Alabama USA Ikejiri et al. 2013 The University of West Alabama, Zoology Collection, Livingston, AL. Also as: Michael Sandel pers. comm. UWAZ Alabama USA UWA (fossils). 2018 Auke Bay Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Division of National Oceanic and ABL Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Formerly: Northwest and Alaska Alaska USA Poss & Collette 1995:64 Fisheries Center (NWAFC), descended from Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC). Also as: ABML. ABML See ABL. Alaska USA L&G NWAFC See ABL. Alaska USA Arratia & Schultze 1990 UAJ University of Alaska, Juneau. Alaska USA L&G UAM University of Alaska Museum of the North, Fairbanks. Alaska USA L85 F&E Vernet 2016 Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, Tempe. Includes: one- ASU Arizona USA L85 F&E Carol Spencer pers. comm 2017 third of fish collection from University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV). MNA Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff. Arizona USA Gilbert 1998, Wallach et al. 2014 UA See UAZ. Arizona USA UALP See UAZ. Arizona USA Morgan & Harris 2015 University of Arizona, Museum of Natural History, Tucson. Obsolete as: UAZ UA.Current as: UAZ (fishes & herps), UALP (fossils, Laboratory of Arizona USA L85 F&E Vernet 2016 Paleontology). ARK See UAFMC. Arkansas USA L85 Arkansas State University, Museum of Zoology, State University. Note: Poss & Collette 1995:64, Stan ASUMZ collections unified under Arkansas Center for Biodiversity Collections (ACBC) Arkansas USA Trauth pers. comm. 2012, 2016 in 2016. Current as: ASUMZ (fishes & herps). Arkansas Tech University Fish Collection, Department of Biological Science, ATFC Arkansas USA Poss & Collette 1995:64 Russellville. Southern Arkansas University, Department of Biology, Magnolia. Formerly: SAU Arkansas USA F&E Poss & Collette 1995:64 Southern State College. UAFMC University of Arkansas Collections Facility, Fayetteville. Arkansas USA VertNet 2016 WCC Westark Community College Fish Collection, Fort Smith. Arkansas USA Poss & Collette 1995:64 Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California. Note: Fish AHF California USA F&E types transferred to LACM, non-type collection remains at AHF. BNHM See MVZ and UCMP. California USA Carol Spencer pers. comm. 2010 California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Includes: fishes from Department of Zoology, University of California, Berkeley (UCB teaching collection) and University of Nevada, Las Vegas (two-thirds of UNLV fish collection); specimens from George Vanderbilt Foundation (CAS-GVF) and Bhullar & Bell 2008, Carol Indiana University, Bloomington (CAS-IU); Stanford University (SU) Spencer pers. comm. 2010, CAS California USA L85 F&E collections of fishes (CAS-SU), amphibians (CAS-SUA) and reptiles (CAS- Jens Vindum pers. comm. 2014, SUR). Current as: CAS (fishes & herps). Also as: SU (Stanford University Dave Catania pers. comm. 2014 collections). Note: during computerization, 100000 added to each SU catalog number (e.g., SU 12345 databased as CAS 112345), but may be cited as SU 12345 or CAS-SU 112345. University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), Cheadle Center for Vernet 2016, S. Sweet pers. CCBER Biodiversity and Ecological Restoration. Obsolete as: UCSB. Current as: California USA comm. 2016 CCBER. CIT See LACM. California USA Wallach et al. 2014 Savage et al. 2013, Wallach et CRE See LACM. California USA al. 2014 California State University, Fullerton. Note: historical specimens largely Camm C. Swift and Rick Feeney CSF California USA L85 transferred to LACM in 1986. pers. comm. 2012 California State University, Long Beach. Note: historical specimens largely Camm C. Swift pers. comm. CSLB California USA L85 transferred to LACM in 1980s. Also as: CSULB. 2012 CSPU California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. California USA L85 CSUC California State University, Chico Vertebrate Museum. California USA VertNet 2016 CSULB See CSLB. California USA F&E California State University, Northridge. Current as: CSUN (fishes & herps). Robert Espinoza pers. comm. CSUN California USA Also as: REE-CSUN (Robert E. Espinoza herp collection) 2012, Lobo et al. 2012 CSUS See SSU. California USA Poss & Collette 1995:64 GVF See CAS. California USA F&E HSU Humboldt State University, Arcata. Current as: HSU (fishes), HSUVM (herps) California USA L85 John Reiss pers. comm. 2010 HSUVM See HSU. California USA John Reiss pers. comm. 2010 Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles. Includes: fishes formerly at California State University, Fullerton (CSF), California State University, Long Beach (CSLB) and University of California at Los Camm C. Swift, Christine Angeles (UCLA; part of collection also to SIO), herps from Costa Rica Thacker & Rick Feeney pers. LACM California USA L85 F&E Expeditions of Jay Savage (CRE), and fossils from California Institute of comm. 2012, Wallach et al. Technology, Los Angeles (CIT). Note: The Robert J. Lavenberg Fish 2014 Collection formally named in 1998. Obsolete as: LACMNH. Current as: LACM. LACMNH See LACM. California USA F&E Vance 1991 Loma Linda University, Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma LLU California USA Bell et al. 1995 Linda. Current as: LLU (fossils). LMK See SDNHM. California USA Wallach et al. 2014 La Sierra University Herpetological Collection, Riverside. Current as: LSUHC David et al. 2007, Grismer et al. LSUHC California USA (herps). 2015 MLML Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing. California USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 MLZ Occidental College, Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Los Angeles. Also as: OC. California USA Hu et al. 2000 MVP See UCMP. California USA Wallach et al. 2014 Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. Includes: specimens donated by Milton Hildebrand, University of California, Davis (UCD); University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) herp collection transferred in Nguyen et al. 2009, Carol MVZ 2009. Note: part of Berkeley Natural History Museums consortium (BNHM); California USA L85 F&E Spencer pers. comm 2010, 2017 fish collection associated with Department of Zoology, University of California, Berkeley (UCB) transferred to CAS. Obsolete as: UCMZ. Current as: MVZ (fishes & herps). See also: UCMP (fossils). Museum of Wildlife and Fish Biology, University of California, Davis. MWFB California USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 Obsolete as: UCD. National Marine Fisheries Service La Jolla Laboratory, Ichthyoplankton Poss & Collette 1995:65, NMFSLJ Collection, La Jolla. Current as: NMFSLJ (fishes) and SWFSC (bar coded fish California USA William Watson pers. comm. lots). 2015 OC See MLZ. California USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:64 REE-CSUN See CSUN. California USA Lobo et al. 2012 REE-SDSU See SDSU. California USA Lobo et al. 2012 San Bernardino County Museum, Earth Science Division, Redlands. Current SBCM California USA Bell et al. 1995 as: SBCM (herps & fossils). Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara. Current as: SBMNH California USA L85 Papenfuss & Parham 2013 SBMNH (herps). Sierra College Natural History Museum, Rocklin. Current as: SCNHM VAF Bonde et al. 2015, Henrici et al. SCNHM California USA (fossils). 2018 San Diego Natural History Museum, Balboa Park, San Diego. Formerly: San SDNHM Diego Society of Natural History (SDSNH). Includes: Laurence M. Klauber California USA VerNet 2016, Adams et al. 2018 private collection (LMK). Current as: SDNHM (herps). SDSNH See SDNHM. California USA L85 Wallach et al. 2014 San Diego State University Museum of Biodiversity, San Diego. Also as: REE- SDSU California USA L85 F&E Lobo et al. 2012 SDSU (Richard E. Etheridge herp skeletal collection). SFSU San Francisco State University, Vertebrate Museum, San Francisco. California USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:65 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Marine Vertebrate Collection, University of California San Diego, La Jolla. Includes: fishes (mostly marine) Poss & Collette 1995:65, H.J. SIO transferred from UCLA in 2014 (part of UCLA fish collection also to LACM). California USA L85 F&E Walker pers. comm. 2015, Ben Note: catalog number includes 2 digit prefix for year of accession (e.g., SIO Frable pers. comm. 2019 07-169). In error as: STO. Current as: SIO. SJSU San Jose State University, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, San Jose. California USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:65 SSCMNH See SSU. California USA Nussbaum 1976 Museum of Ectothermic Vertebrates, California State University, Sacramento. Ronald M. Coleman pers. SSU Formerly: Sacramento State College Museum of Natural History (SSCMNH). California USA L85 comm. 2019 Obsolete as: CSUS. Current as: SSU. STO See SIO. California USA Boguski et al. 2012 SU See CAS. California USA F&E D. Catania pers. comm. 2014 William Watson pers. comm. SWFSC See NMFSLJ. California USA 2015 UCB See CAS. California USA L85 Carol Spencer pers. comm. 2010 UCD See MVZ and MWFB. California USA F&E University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles. Note: fish collection UCLA California USA L85 F&E Ben Frable pers. comm. 2019 largely transferred to LACM and SIO. University of California Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley. Note: part of Carol Spencer pers. comm UCMP Berkeley Natural History Museums consortium (BNHM). Obsolete as: MVP. California USA 2010, Joyce 2016 Current as: UCMP (fossils). See also: MVZ (fishes & herps). UCMZ See MVZ. California USA Vance 1991 UCSB See CCBER. California USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 VC Ventura College Fish Collection, Department of Biology, Ventura. California USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 BSFC National Ecology Research Center, Biology Survey, Fort Collins. Colorado USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 CSTC Colorado State Teachers College, Greeley. Colorado USA L85 Colorado State University, Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Darrel E. Snyder pers. comm. CSU Unit, Fort Collins. Note: fishes distributed to various regional museums in Colorado USA L85 F&E 2010 1980s-90s such as LFL (Larval Fish Laboratory). Denver Museum of Nature and Science, Denver. Formerly: Denver Museum Schultze & Arratia 2013:189, DMNH of Natural History, descended from Colorado Museum of Natural History. Colorado USA Morgan & Harris 2015 Current as: DMNH (fossils). GSA Geological Society of America, Boulder. Colorado USA Tapanila & Pruitt 2013 Larval Fish Laboratory Collection, Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State Darrel E. Snyder pers. comm. LFL Colorado USA University, Fort Collins. Includes: fishes from Colorado Cooperative Fish and 2010 Wildlife Research Unit (CSU). UCM University of Colorado Museum of Natural History, Boulder. Colorado USA L85 Joyce 2016, VertNet 2016 BOC See YPM. Connecticut USA F&E PMNH See YPM. Connecticut USA Wallach et al. 2014 UCONN University of Connecticut, Biodiversity Research Collections, Storrs. Connecticut USA VertNet 2016 UCS See UCONN. Connecticut USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:65 WUM Wesleyan University, Museum, Middletown. Connecticut USA F&E Yale University, Peabody Museum of Natural History, New Haven. Includes: Bingham Oceanographic Collection (BOC) added in 1959; fossils from Milner 2004, Gregory Watkins- YPM Connecticut USA L85 F&E Princeton University (YPM-PU). Obsolete as: PMNH. Current as: YMP ICH Colwell pers. comm. 2016 (fishes), YPM HERA (amphibians), YPM HERR (reptiles), YPM VP (paleo). NMFS See USFC. District of Columbia USA Anderson & Heemstra 2012:3 Avila et al. 2010, Avila et al. NMNH See USNM. District of Columbia USA 2013 SIM See USNM. District of Columbia USA Wallach et al. 2014 United States Fish Commission. Note: established in 1871; reorganized as United States Bureau of Fisheries in 1903 which merged with the Bureau of Biological Survey to form the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) in 1940; USFC Bureau of Commercial Fisheries transferred from USFWS to Department of District of Columbia USA F&E Gilbert 1998 Commerce and renamed National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) controlled by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in 1970. Original USFC collections largely at USNM. USNH See USNM. District of Columbia USA Naseka 1996:151 Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History (NMNH). Formerly: Smithsonian Institution Museum (SIM), Department of Vertebrate Reynolds et al. 2007, Avila et USNM District of Columbia USA L85 F&E Zoology. Includes: fossils from Florida Geological Survey (FGS). Obsolete al. 2010 as: SIM. Current as: USNM. Also as: NMNH (herps) FAU Florida Atlantic University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boca Raton. Florida USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:65 Alfred Thomas pers. comm. FDNR See FSBC. Florida USA L85 F&E 2017 Florida Geological Survey Geologic Collections, Tallahassee. Note: some FGS Florida USA Joyce 2016 fossils now at USNM and UF. Current as: FGS (fossils). Taggart et al. 2006, Portell et FLMNH See UF. Florida USA al. 2008 (locality reference) FNHM See UF. Florida USA Durand et al. 2012 Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI), Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC), St. Petersburg. Note: FWRI created in 2004 by integrating parts of the Division of Wildlife, Division of Freshwater Fisheries, and the Florida Marine Research Institute (FMRI); FMRI descended from Florida State Board of Conservation Marine Laboratory (FSBC) Anderson & Heemstra 2012:3, FSBC established in 1955 and administered by the Florida Department of Natural Florida USA F&E Alfred Thomson pers. comm. Resources (FDNR) from 1969–1993. Includes: Southeast Area Monitoring 2017 and Assessment Program (SEAMAP) Ichthyoplankton Archiving Center. Obsolete as: FDNR, SAC (SEAMAP Archiving Center), SEAMAP (pertains to locality data). Current as: FSBC (fishes), FWRI (tissues), SML (SEAMAP ichthyoplankton collection). FSM See UF. Florida USA F&E Vance 1991 Gilbert 1998, Reynolds et al. FSU See UF. Florida USA F&E 2007 FTU Florida Technological University, Orlando. Florida USA L85 McRae 2010, Alfred Thomson FWRI See FSBC. Florida USA pers. comm. 2017 GBERL Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze. Florida USA L85 Harbor Branch Oceanographic Museum, Fort Pierce. Current as: HBOM HBOM Florida USA F&E Anderson & Heemstra 2012:3 (fishes). IRCZM See UF. Florida USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:66 JU Jacksonville University, Fish Collection, Jacksonville. Florida USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 SAC See FSBC. Florida USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 SEAMAP See FSBC. Florida USA Britz & Johson 2012 Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Virginia Key, Miami. Formerly: Tropical Atlantic Biological SEFC Laboratory (TABL). Note: TABL fish collection largely transferred to UF in Florida USA Poss & Collette 1995:65 1972-1973 and 1995; some specimens also at ANSP and USMN. See also: UF. Alfred Thomas pers. comm. SML See FSBC. Florida USA 2017 TABL See SEFC. Florida USA F&E UCF University of Central Florida, Fish Collection, Orlando. Florida USA Poss & Collette 1995:66 University of Florida, Florida Museum of Natural History (FLMNH), Gainesville. Formerly: Florida State Museum (FSM) until 1988. Includes: fish collections transferred from Butler University, Indianapolis (BU, BUI), Florida State University, Tallahassee (FSU), Indian River Coastal Zone Museum, Harbor Branch Foundation, Fort Pierce (IRCZM), National Marine Fisheries Service, Gulf Coastal Fisheries Center, Panama City (NMFSPC), UF Florida USA L85 F&E Poss & Collette 1995:66 Tropical Atlantic Biological Laboratory (TABL), University of Miami, Coral Gables (UMIM, UMRC) and University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (UMML); fossils from Florida Geological Survey (FGS). Note: 200000 added to each UMML catalog number (e.g., UMML 12345 databased as UF 212345). Obsolete as: FLMNH, FNHM, FSM, UF- FSU. Current as: UF (fishes & herps). UF-FSU See UF. Florida USA L85 F&E UMIM See UF. Florida USA F&E Rob Robins, pers. comm. 2014 UMML See UF. Florida USA L85 F&E Rob Robins, pers. comm. 2014 UMRC See UF. Florida USA L85 University of South Florida, Fish Collection, Tampa. Note: collection began by John C. Briggs in 1970s and continued by Philip Motta; Leviton et al. USF Florida USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:66 (1985:819) alternatively applied USF to University of South Florida, Department of Marine Science, St. Petersburg. UWF University of West Florida, Pensacola. Florida USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:66 Columbus State University, Columbus. Current as: CCK (Cretaceous Schwimmer et al. 1994, Ikejiri CCK Georgia USA research collections, fossils). et al. 2013 Georgia Museum of Natural History, University of Georgia, Athens. Obsolete Williams et al. 2007, Byron J. GMNH as: UG, UGAMNH. Current as: GMNH (D.S. Scott Ichthyology Collection & Georgia USA F&E Freeman pers. comm. 2013 herps). Georgia Southern University, Georgia Southern Museum, Statesboro. GSU Includes: Savannah Science Museum (SSM) Herpetology Collection Georgia USA Vernet 2016 transferred in 1999. SSM See GSU. Georgia USA L85 Iverson 1981, Byron J. Freeman UG See GMNH. Georgia USA pers. comm. 2013 Gilbert 1998:5, Taggart et al. 2006, de Santana & Vari UGAMNH See GMNH. Georgia USA L85 F&E 2013:592, Poss & Collette 1995:66 BBM See BPBM. Hawaii USA Wilson & Reeder 2005 BCFH See BPBM. Hawaii USA F&E The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Department of Zoology, Honolulu. Includes: fishes from National Marine Fisheries Service, Honolulu (NMFSH), BPBM formerly Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Honolulu (BCFH); fish types from Hawaii USA L85 L&G F&E Poss & Collette 1995:66 University of Hawaii, Honolulu (UH). Obsolete as: BBM. Current as: BPBM (fishes & herps). NMFSH See BPBM. Hawaii USA L85 L&G F&E University of Hawaii, Honolulu. Note: fish types largely transferred to BPBM UH Hawaii USA F&E (some to USNM). Idaho Museum of Natural History, Idaho State University, Pocatello. Elvira 1987, Poss & Collette IMNH Includes: nearly entire fish collection of The Philip L. Wright Zoological Idaho USA 1995:66, Ramsay et al. 2014 Museum (UMZM), donated in 2015. Current as: IMNH. [fossils] UIM University of Idaho, Museum of Natural History, Moscow. Idaho USA L85 CA See CHAS. Illinois USA L85 Wallach et al. 2014 Chicago Academy of Sciences, Chicago. Note: partially destroyed by fire Oct 1871. Inlcudes: natural history collections of Northwestern University, Taggart et al. 2006, Reynolds et CHAS Illinois USA Evanston (NWU), transferred ca. 1920–1925. Obsolete as: CA. Current as: al. 2007 CHAS. John Clay Bruner pers. comm. CNHM See FMNH. Illinois USA 2010, Böhme 2010, Reynolds et al. 2007 Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. Formerly: Chicago Natural History Museum (CNHM). Includes: fishes from University of Indiana (IU), fossil herps from Catholic University Peking, China (CUP) and fossil collection of the Univeristy of Chicago Walker Museum (UC). Obsolete as: CNHM, Bruner 1991, 1992, John Clay FMNH Illinois USA L85 F&E FMNHG (fossil herps), FMNH P (fossil fishes & herps). Current as: FMNH Bruner pers. comm. 2010 (fishes, herps, geological slide collection), FMNH PF (fossil fishes), FMNH PR (fossil herps), FMNH UF (Walker Museum fossil fishes), FMNH UR (Walker Museum fossil herps). FMNHG See FMNH. Illinois USA Wallach et al. 2014 GNHL The Grove National Historic Landmark, Glenview Park District. Illinois USA Grande 2010 Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign. Note: descended in part from Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History (ISLNH); fish & herp collections of the University of Illinois Museum of Natural History (UIMNH) relocated to INHS (herps retain UIMNH Christopher A. Taylor pers. catalog numbers). Includes: fish & herp collections from Southern Illinois comm. 2016, Chris Phillips pers. INHS University Carbondale (SIUC) and fish collections from Southern Illinois Illinois USA L85 F&E comm. 2016, Matt Thomas University Edwardsville (SIUE), Kentucky Department of Fish & Wildlife pers. comm. 2017 Resources, Frankfort (KFW), Murray State University, Kentucky (MSUKY) and University of Louisville, Kentucky (UL), all transferred from SIUC in July 2015; collections formerly maintained in the University of Illinois Museum of Natural History (UIMNH). Current as: INHS (fishes & herps). ISLNH See INHS. Illinois USA Sabaj et al. 1997, Gilbert 1998 Meredith Mahoney pers. comm. ISM Illinois State Museum, Springfield. Illinois USA 2011 ISU See ISUC. Illinois USA Capparella pers. comm. 2011 Illinois State University, Normal. Current as: ISUC (fishes & herps). Also ISUC Illinois USA Capparella pers. comm. 2011 as: ISU (birds & mammals). IWU Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington. Current as: IWU (herps). Illinois USA Moravec et al. 2018 LU D See LUC. Illinois USA Grande & Young 2004 Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago. Current as: LUC LUC (teaching & research collection). Also as: LU D (fishes, developmental Illinois USA Borden et al. 2013:451 collection). NIU Northern Illinois University, Dekalb. Illinois USA L85 NWU See CHAS. Illinois USA Pisani 1972, Wallach et al. 2014 Christopher A. Taylor pers. SIUC See INHS. Illinois USA L85 L&G F&E comm. 2016 Brooks Burr pers. comm. 2010, Adam Cohen pers. comm. 2016, SIUE See INHS (fishes) and TNHC (herps). Illinois USA L85 Christopher A. Taylor pers. comm. 2016 John Clay Bruner pers. comm. UC See FMNH. Illinois USA 2010 Reynolds et al. 2007, Böhme UIMNH See INHS. Illinois USA L85 2010 Butler University, Indianapolis. Note: historical fish collection (1874–1892) BU Indiana USA F&E Gilbert 2009 transferred in part to Florida Museum of Natural History (UF). Also as: BUI. BUI See BU. Indiana USA Fricke & Eschmeyer 2016 Robert Jenkins pers. comm. INBS See OSUM. Indiana USA 2016, Brant Fisher pers. comm. 2016 Michael S. Finkler pers. comm. INSM Indiana State Museum, Indianapolis. Current as: INSM (herps, fossils) Indiana USA 2011 ISU Indiana State University, Terre Haute. Also as: ISUVC (mammals). Indiana USA L85 F&E ISUVC See ISU. Indiana USA Capparella pers. comm. 2011 Indiana University, Bloomington. Note: old zoological collection destroyed by fire in July 1883 or transferred primarily to California Academy of Sciences Eigenmann 1925, Ferraris 2007, IU (CAS-IU), University of Michigan (UMMZ) and Smithsonian Institution Indiana USA F&E Camm C. Swift pers. comm. (USNM); fish collection of Shelby Gerking and others (1940s Indiana State 2012 surveys) transferred to Ohio State University (OSUM). Obsolete as: IUM. Eigenmann 1925, Lundberg & IUM See IU. Indiana USA Baskin 1969 Wallach et al. 2014, Cortney PUL Purdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Lafayette. Indiana USA Mycroft pers. comm. 2016 DU See DURC. Iowa USA Crother et al. 2012 Drake University Research Collection, Des Moines. Current as: DURC DURC Iowa USA Oberfoell & Christiansen 2001 (herps). GC Grinnell College Biology Department, Fish Collection, Grinnell. Iowa USA Poss & Collette 1995:66 ISC See ISUA. Iowa USA F&E Cindy Opitz pers. comm. 2016 Iowa State University, Ames. Formerly: Iowa State College. Current as: Gilbert 1998, Cindy Opitz pers. ISUA Iowa USA L85 ISUA (fishes & herps). Also as: ISC (herbarium). comm. 2016 MSUI See SUI. Iowa USA F&E University of Iowa Museum of Natural History, Iowa City. Formerly: State University of Iowa. Note: much of Charles C. Nutting material transferred to Cindy Opitz pers. comm. 2016, SUI Iowa USA USNM. Obsolete as: MSUI. Current as: SUI (fossils), SUI.VERT (fishes & VertNet 2016 herps). BC Bethel College, Newton. Current as: BC (herps). Kansas USA Taggart et a. 2006 FHSC See FHSM. Kansas USA Wallach et al. 2014 Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Fort Hays State University, Hays. Taggart et al. 2006, FishNet2, FHSM Formerly: Museum of the High Plains. Obsolete as: FHSC, MHP, SMNH. Kansas USA Travis W. Taggart pers. comm. Current as: FHSM (fishes, herps, fossils). 2016, Pyron et al. 2016 University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute, Lawrence. Formerly: Museum of Natural History (retained for public unit of institute). Obsolete as: KUNHM Andy Bentley pers. comm. KU Kansas USA L85 F&E (fishes), KUMNH, UKMNH (herps). Current as: KUI (fishes), KUIT (fish 2010, Davis et al. 2013:328 tissues), KUH (herps), KUVP (fossils). KUH See KU. Kansas USA Andy Bentley pers. comm. 2014 KUI See KU. Kansas USA Andy Bentley pers. comm. 2014 KUIT See KU. Kansas USA Andy Bentley pers. comm. 2014 KUMNH See KU. Kansas USA Taylor 1956 KUNHM See KU. Kansas USA Davis et al. 2013:328 Arratia & Schultze 1990, Gilbert KUVP See KU. Kansas USA 1998 Travis W. Taggart pers. comm. MHP See FHSM. Kansas USA 2016 SMNH See FHSM. Kansas USA Morgan & Harris 2015 UKMNH See KU. Kansas USA Axtell 1960 WSU Wichita State University Fish Collection, Wichita. Kansas USA Poss & Collette 1995:66 Eastern Kentucky University, Department of Biological Sciences, Branley A. Guenter A. Schuster pers. EKU Branson Museum of Zoology, Richmond. Obsolete as: EUK. Current as: Kentucky USA F&E comm. 2010 EKU (fishes & herps). EUK See EKU. Kentucky USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:66 KFW See INHS. Kentucky USA L85 Matt Thomas pers. comm. 2017 MOSU Morehead State University, Morehead. Current as: MOSU (fishes & herps). Kentucky USA F&E Pisani 2015 MSUKY See INHS. Kentucky USA Poss & Collette 1995:66 Thomas More College Field Station, California. Includes: fishes received TMCFS Kentucky USA Jeff Thomas pers. comm. 2016 from ORSANCO. UKEN University of Kentucky, Lexington. Kentucky USA L85 UL See INHS. Kentucky USA L85 Brooks Burr pers. comm. 2010 LSU See LSUM. Louisiana USA Taylor 1950 Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science (LSUMNS), Baton Rouge. Note: part of Louisiana Museum of Natural History established in 1999. Includes: original herp collection (pre-1990) of Southeastern LSUM Louisiana University (SLU); 80% of herp colletion from Tulane University Louisiana USA Museum of Natural History (TU), transferred in 2011. Obsolete as: LSUZM (amphibians). Current as: LSUMG (Geology Collections, fossils), LSUMZ (Zoology Collections, fishes & herps). LSUMG See LSUM. Louisiana USA Sankey 2006 LSUMNS See LSUM. Louisiana USA Cardiff & Remsen 1994 Taggart et al. 2006, McMahan et al. 2014, Christopher Austin LSUMZ See LSUM. Louisiana USA L85 F&E pers. comm. 2017, Hank Bart pers. comm. 2017, Brian Crother pers. comm. 2017 Louisiana State University in Shreveport, Museum of Life Sciences, Laurence M. Hardy pers. comm. LSUS Louisiana USA L85 Shreveport. 2010 LSUZM See LSUM. Louisiana USA Böhme 2010 LTU Louisiana Tech University Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Ruston. Louisiana USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:67 Grand Isle Fisheries Research Lab, Louisiana Department of Wildlife and LWF Fisheries, , Grand Isle. Formerly: Lyle S. St. Amant Marine Biological Louisiana USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 Laboratory. NLM See NLU. Louisiana USA F&E University of Louisiana at Monroe, Museum of Natural History, Monroe. NLU Louisiana USA L85 F&E Soto-Azat et al. 2013 Formerly: Northeast Louisiana University. Also as: NLM. New Orleans Academy of Science, New Orleans. Note: museum active from establishment in 1853 to 1861, but collections scattered during the Civil Smith Case 2016, Ann Case NOAS Louisiana USA L85 War; surviving botanical and geological specimens transferred to the original pers. comm. 2017 Tulane University Museum of Natural History ca. 1885. Schmidt et al. 2015, James Southeastern Louisiana University, Vertebrate Museum, Hammond. Erdmann pers. comm. 2016, Includes: 20% of herp collection from Tulane University Museum of Natural Brian Crother pers. comm. SLU History (TU), transferred in 2011; fish and herp collections of University of Louisiana USA L85 2017, Christopher Austin pers. New Orleans (UNOVC) to be acquired. Note: original herp collection moved comm. 2017, Kyle Piller pers. to LSUMZ ca. 1990. Current as: SLU (fishes & herps). comm. 2017 Royal D. Suttkus Fish Collection, Tulane University Biodiversity Research Institute (TUBRI), Belle Chase. Includes: fishes formerly held by Systematics and Environmental Laboratory established in 1968 at the F. Edward Hebert Riverside Research Laboratories, Belle Chase, which became the new Tulane University Museum of Natural History (TUMNH) in 1976; Schmidt et al. 2015, Hank Bart TU Louisiana USA L85 L&G F&E original TU Museum of Natural History established in 1885 and pers. comm. 2017 closed/disbanded from 1952 to 1957. Note: herp collection transferred to Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, Baton Rouge (LSUMZ, ca. 80%) and Southeastern Louisiana University (SLU, ca. 20%) in 2011. Current as: TU (fishes). University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette. Formerly: University of ULL Southwestern Louisiana (USL). Obsolete as: USL. Current as: ULL (fishes Louisiana USA James Albert pers. comm. 2010 & herps). UNO See UNOVC. Louisiana USA F&E Gilbert 1998 University of New Orleans vertebrate collection, Department of Biological Gilbert 1998, Brian Crother UNOVC Sciences, New Orleans. Note: fish and herp collections to be transferred to Louisiana USA F&E pers. comm. 2017 Southeastern Louisiana University (SLU). Also as: UNO. Iverson 1981, Michael Doosey, USL See ULL. Louisiana USA L85 pers. comm. 2010 BCB Bowdoin College, Fish Collection, Brunswick. Maine USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 University of Maine, Department of Zoology, Orono. Includes: Ira C. Darling UMO Maine USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:67 Center Ichthyological Collection. University of New England, Teaching and Research Fish Collection, Biddeford. UNE Maine USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 Formerly: Saint Francis College. Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland, Solomons. Note: Eric Hilton & Chip Cotton pers. part of fish collection transferred by Frank Schwartz to UNC-IMS (specimens CBL Maryland USA comm. 2010, Wayne Starnes now at NCSM), remainder of CBL fish collection to Virginia Institute of Marine pers. comm. 2018 Science (VIMS). CMM Calvert Marine Museum, Solomons. Current as: CMM-V (fossils). Maryland USA Lundberg & Luckenbill 2012 Boston Society of Natural History [now Boston Museum of Science]. Note: BSNH Massachusetts USA F&E extant specimens now at MCZ. BU Boston University Collection, Boston. Note: some fishes at GMWH. Massachusetts USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 Essex Institute, Salem. Note: founded in 1848, natural history collections no Jay Savage pers. comm. 2010, EIS Massachusetts USA longer extant; some herps at MCZ. Wallach et al. 2014 Gray Museum, Marine Biological Laboratory Fish Collection, Woods Hole. GMWH Massachusetts USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 Includes: Boston University Collection (BU) in part. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge. Includes: collections of the Boston Museum which had been given to the Boston James Hanken pers. comm. MCZ Society of Natural History (BSNH) in 1893 and 1899; Woods Hole Massachusetts USA L85 F&E 2013 Oceanographic Institution fish collection (WHOI). Obsolete as: MCZH. Current as: MCZ (fishes & herps), MCZ-VP (paleo). MCZ-VP See MCZ. Massachusetts USA Wallach et al. 2014 MCZH See MCZ. Massachusetts USA F&E Massachusetts Natural History Collections, University of Massachusetts, Cristina Cox Fernandes pers. MNHC Amherst. Includes: collection transferred from Massachusetts Board of Massachusetts USA comm. 2012 Agriculture, Boston, in 1866. Obsolete as: UMA. SMU See UMD. Massachusetts USA Kammerer et al. 2005, Grande UMA See MNHC. Massachusetts USA 2010 University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Fish Collection, North Dartmouth. UMD Massachusetts USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 Formerly: Southeastern Massachusetts University (SMU). United States Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Biolgical Laboratory, Woods USBCF Massachusetts USA F&E Hole. Note: original collection now mostly at USNM. Also as: USBF. USBF See USBCF. Massachusetts USA F&E Gilbert 1998 WHOI See MCZ. Massachusetts USA L85 F&E GRPM Grand Rapids Public Museum, Grand Rapids. Michigan USA John Bruner pers. comm. 2015 MSUF See MSUM. Michigan USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 Michigan State University Museum, East Lansing. Obsolete as: MSU, MSUF. Taggart et al. 2006, Ferraris MSUM Michigan USA L85 F&E Current as: MSUM (fishes), MSUVP (paleo). 2007 MSUVP See MSUM. Michigan USA Wallach et al. 2014 MZUM See UMMZ. Michigan USA Siegel et al. 2014 UM See UMMP. Michigan USA Mohabey et al. 2011 University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Ann Arbor. Obsolete as: Gilbert 1998, Ferraris 2007, UMMP Michigan USA UM. Current as: UMMP (fossils). See also: UMMZ (Recent fishes & herps). Morgan & Harris 2015 University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor. Obsolete as: MZUM. UMMZ Michigan USA L85 F&E See also: UMMP (fossils). James Ford Bell Museum of Natural History, University of Minnesota, JFBM Minnesota USA L85 F&E Schultze & Arratia 2013:189 Minneapolis. SMM See SMMP. Minnesota USA Joyce 2016 SMMP Science Museum of Minnesota, St. Paul. Also as: SMM (fossils). Minnesota USA Gilbert 1998, Grande 2010 UMVP University of Minnesota, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Minneapolis. Minnesota USA Gilbert 1998 Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, The University of Southern Mississippi, GCRL Ocean Springs. Note: some specimens moved to University of Southern Mississippi USA L85 F&E Fink 1971 Mississippi (USM). Also as: GCRLM. GCRLM See GCRL. Mississippi USA F&E Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, Jackson. Formerly: Fannye A. Cook http://mshistory.k12.ms.us/artic MMNS Memorial Museum. Note: some Cook fish specimens at FMNH, USNM, AMNH. Mississippi USA L85 F&E les/313/fannye-cook-pioneer- Current as: MMNS (fishes & herps). conservationist MSU Mississippi State University, Mississippi State. Mississippi USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:67 UMS University of Mississippi, Oxford. Mississippi USA L85 University of Southern Mississippi, Department of Biological Sciences, USM Mississippi USA L&G Poss & Collette 1995:67 Museum of Ichthyology, Hattiesburg. Also as: USMS, USMI. USMI See USM. Mississippi USA Durand et al. 2012 ASSL Academy of Science of St. Louis, St. Louis. Missouri USA L85 JH Private collection of Julius Hurter, St. Louis. Missouri USA Wallach et al. 2014 MDC Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia. Missouri USA Poss & Collette 1995:67 NEMS Northeastern Missouri State University, Department of Zoology, Kirksville. Missouri USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:67 Williams et al. 2007, Tang et al. STL St. Louis University, St. Louis. Current as: STL (fishes). Missouri USA 2013, White 2014 UMKC University of Missouri, Kansas City. Missouri USA L85 Iverson 1981 UMOC University of Missouri, Museum of Zoology, Columbia. Obsolete as: UMoMZ. Missouri USA L85 F&E Gilbert 1998 UMoMZ See UMOC. Missouri USA Trautman & Martin 1951 Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman. Note: affiliated with Montana State MOR Montana USA Varricchio et al. 2007 [fossils] University. Current as: MOR (fossils). MSUB Montana State University, Biology Department, Bozeman. See also: MOR. Montana USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:67 UMM See UMZM. Montana USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:68 Philip L. Wright Zoological Museum, University of Montana, Missoula. Note: UMZM nearly all fish specimens donated to Idaho Museum of Natural History in Montana USA 2015. SNR-UNL See UNSM. Nebraska USA Borden et al. 2013:451 UN See UNSM. Nebraska USA L85 L&G UNO University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha. Nebraska USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:68 University of Nebraska State Museum, Lincoln. Obsolete as: UN. Current Poss & Collette 1995:68, UNSM as: UNSM (fishes). Also as: SNR-UNL (School of Natural Resources teaching Nebraska USA L&G FishNet2 and research collections). BSN Biological Survey of Nevada. Nevada USA Gilbert 1998 LVNHM Las Vegas Natural History Museum, Las Vegas. Current as: LVNHM (fossils). Nevada USA Henrici et al. 2018 LVT See UNLV. Nevada USA Houston et al. 2010 MBM See UNLV. Nevada USA Carol Spencer pers. comm 2017 University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Paradise. Also as: MBM (Marjorie Barrick Museum); LVT (tissue collection). Note: herp collection transferred to UNLV Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California (MVZ) in 2009; two- Nevada USA Carol Spencer pers. comm 2017 thirds of fish collection transferred to California Academy of Sciences (CAS) and one third to Arizona State University (ASU). UNMB See UNR. Nevada USA Gilbert 1998:5, ?Lugaski 1972 UNMMPC See UNR. Nevada USA Tapanila & Pruitt 2013 Museum of Natural History, University of Nevada, Reno. Note: limited Gilbert 1998, Chris Feldman number of fishes transferred to CAS. Obsolete as: UNRB, UNMB. Current UNR Nevada USA L85 F&E pers. comm. 2014, VertNet as: UNR (fishes & herps), UNMMPC (fossils, W.M. Keck Earth Science and 2016, Tapanila & Pruitt 2013 Mineral Engineering Museum). Eschmeyer's on-line Catalog of UNRB See UNR. Nevada USA Fishes 2014 DCM Dartmouth College Museum, Fish Collection, Hanover. New Hampshire USA Poss & Collette 1995:68 GSNJ See JNSM. New Jersey USA Wallach et al. 2014 New Jersey State Museum, Trenton. Includes: fossils from Geological NJSM New Jersey USA Gentry et al. 2018 Survey of New Jersey (GSNJ). Current as: NJSM (fossils). NMFC Newark Museum, Fish Collection, Newark. New Jersey USA Poss & Collette 1995:68 PU Princeton University, Princeton. New Jersey USA L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Sandy Hook Marine Laboratory, National Marine Fisheries Service, Highlands. http://sh.nefsc.noaa.gov/labhist. SHML Note: destroyed by fire in 1985; rebuilt as James J. Howard Marine Sciences New Jersey USA L85 htm Laboratory. Alexandra M. Snyder pers. BS/FC See MSB. New Mexico USA comm. 2013 ENMU Eastern New Mexico University, Portales. New Mexico USA Iverson 1981, Gilbert 1998 Ruth Hall Museum of Paleontology, Ghost Ranch, Abiquiu. Current as: GR GR New Mexico USA Pritchard et al. 2013 (fossils). MDM Mesalands Dinosour Museum and Natural Sciences Laboratory, Tucumcari. New Mexico USA Morgan & Harris 2015 Museum of Southwestern Biology, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Includes: fishes from US Geological Survey (USGS), Gilbert 1998, Alexandra M. MSB Fort Collins (historically cited as BS/FC and now recataloged with MSB New Mexico USA L85 Snyder pers. comm. 2010, numbers). Obsolete as: UNM (but still in use for herp specimen 2013, 2016 tags).Current as: MSB (fishes & herps). NMBGMR See NMMNH. New Mexico USA New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque. Includes: fossils transferred from Department of Earth and Planetary Cantrell & Lucas 2015, Morgan NMMNH Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (UNM) and New Mexico New Mexico USA & Harris 2015 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Socorro (NMBGMR). Current as: NMMNH P (fossils). NMSU New Mexico State University, University Park. New Mexico USA L85 Iverson 1981 Alexandra M. Snyder pers. UNM See MSB (herps) and NMMNH (fossils). New Mexico USA comm. 2010 WNMU Western New Mexico University, Silver City. New Mexico USA VertNet 2016 American Museum of Natural History, New York. Includes: herp collection from Texas A&M University-Kingsville [formerly Texas A&I University (TAI, AMNH TAIC)], type specimens from Vanderbilt Marine Museum (VMM). Current as: New York USA L85 F&E AMNH. Also as: F:AM (Frick Collection, fossils), AMNH FF (fossil fishes), AMNH FR (fossil herps). Jamie M. Smith pers. comm. BSGLC Buffalo State Great Lakes Center, Buffalo. New York USA 2018 Cheikh Anta Diop–Stony Brook University Collection, Department of CAD-SBU Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook. Current as: CAD- New York USA O'Leary et al. 2012 SBU (fossil fishes). CU See CUMV. New York USA L85 F&E Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Ithaca. Current as: CUMV. Also Williams et al. 2007, Moyer & CUMV New York USA as: CU (retained on specimen labels). Bemis 2016 F:AM See AMNH. New York USA Gilbert 1998 New York Academy of Sciences, New York. Formerly: Lyceum of Natural Robert A. Daniels pers. comm. LNHNY History. Note: historical collections apparently lost, possibly burned in dock New York USA F&E 2010 fire during the Civil War. New York State Museum, Albany. Formerly: New York State Geological and Natural History Survey (1836–1870); also as "State Collection" in early Robert A. Daniels pers. comm. NYSM New York USA L85 F&E references to specimens collected during 1836-1840 surveys and now lost. 2010, Wright et al. 2016 Current as: NYSM. New York Zoological Society, New York. Note: renamed Wildlife Conservation Robert A. Daniels pers. comm. NYZS Society in 1993 and based at the Bronx Zoo; some fishes from historical New York USA F&E 2010 collection now at AMNH, CAS and USNM. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, UR New York USA Grande 2010 Rochester. Current as: UR (fossils). Suffolk County Vanderbilt Museum, Centerport. Formerly: Vanderbilt Marine VMM New York USA L85 F&E Poss & Collette 1995:68 Museum. Note: most type specimens trasferred to AMNH. Appalachian State University, Boone. Note: part of herp collection Michael Gangloff pers. comm. APPZ transferred to North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) in 2014. North Carolina USA 2017 Obsolete as: ASUC. Current as: APPZ (fishes & herps). ASUC See APPZ. North Carolina USA Palmer & Braswell 1995 Duke University, Duke Lemur Center, Division of Fossil Primates, Durham. DPC North Carolina USA McCartney & Seiffert 2016 Current as: DPC (fossils). Duke University, Vertebrate Collection, Durham. Note: fishes transferred to DU Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP) and North Carolina North Carolina USA L85 F&E Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM). Also as: DUF, DU F (fishes). DUF See DU. North Carolina USA North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh. Formerly: North Carolina State Museum. Includes: fishes formerly at Duke University (DU), Reynolds et al. 2007, Gabriela University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences Hogue pers. comm. 2013, (UNC/UNC-IMS, including fishes formerly at CBL, GSMNP and West Virginia NCSM North Carolina USA L85 F&E Wayne Starnes pers. comm. University) and Western Carolina University; fish collection assembled by 2016 & 2019, Heather Leslie Rudy Arndt at Stockton State College, NJ (transferred ca. 2002); fishes and pers. comm. 2017 herps formerly at the Charleston Museum (ChM); herps formerly at Appalachian State University (APPZ). Current as: NCSM (fishes & herps). SNCBSH State of North Carolina Biological Station, Highlands. North Carolina USA L85 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Institute of Marine Sciences, Gabriela Hogue pers. comm. UNC Morehead City. Note: fishes transferred to North Carolina Museum of Natural North Carolina USA L85 2013 Sciences (NCSM) in 1996. Also as: UNC-IMS. Gabriela Hogue pers. comm. UNC-IMS See UNC. North Carolina USA 2013 Poss & Collette 1995:68, Palmer UNCC University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Zoological Museum, Charlotte. North Carolina USA L85 & Braswell 1995 UNCG University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro. North Carolina USA Palmer & Braswell 1995 University of North Carolina Wilmington, Department of Biological Sciences, pers. comm. Erich P. Hofmann UNCW North Carolina USA L85 Wilmington. 2018 PTRM Pioneer Trails Regional Museum, Bowman. Current as: PTRM (fossils). North Dakota USA Smith 2011 Museum of Natural History and Science, Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal. Formerly: Cincinnati Museum of Natural History (CMNH) of the CMC Ohio USA Myers & Storrs 2007 Cincinnati Society of Natural History. Obsolete as: CMNH, MCSNH, MNHSC. Current as: CMC VP (fossils). CMNH Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Vertebrate Zoology, Cleveland. Ohio USA F&E Vulinec & Davis 1984, Wilson & CMNH See CMC. Ohio USA Reeder 2005 DATM Dayton Museum of Natural History, Dayton. Ohio USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:68 MCSNH See CMC. Ohio USA F&E MNHSC See CMC. Ohio USA F&E Oberlin College, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, OCM Ohio USA F&E Museum, Oberlin. Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission Ichthyological Reference ORSANCO Ohio USA Jeff Thomas pers. comm. 2016 Collection, Cincinnati. Gilbert 1998, Camm C. Swift & OSM See OSUM. Ohio USA L85 F&E Brian Zimmerman pers. comm. 2012 Ohio State University, Museum of Biological Diversity, Columbus. Includes: Brian Zimmerman pers. com. fish collection of Shelby Gerking and others (1940s Indiana State surveys) 2012, Robert Jenkins pers. OSUM from Indiana University (IU) and Indiana Biological Survey (INBS) fish Ohio USA F&E comm. 2016, Brant Fisher pers. collection assembled by Tom Simon. Obsolete as: OSM. Current as: OSUM comm. 2016 (fishes & herps). OSUMU See OSUM. Ohio USA OUVC Ohio University, Vertebrate Collection, Athens. Ohio USA L85 OWU Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware. Ohio USA L85 UCC University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati. Ohio USA L85 WSU-LC Wright State University, Celina. Current as: WSU-LC (fossils). Ohio USA Ciampagalio et al. 2013 OAM See OSUS. Oklahoma USA Trautman & Martin 1951 OKMNH See OMNH. Oklahoma USA L&G Poss & Collette 1995:68 University of Oklahoma, Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, Janalee P. Caldwell & E. Marsh- Norman. Formerly: Stovall Museum. Obsolete as: OKMNH, UOK, UOMNH, OMNH Oklahoma USA Matthews pers. comm. 2010, UOMZ. Current as: OMNH (fishes & herps), OMNH VP (fossils). Also as: Cashner et al. 2010 SNOMNH. OSUMZ See OSUS. Oklahoma USA Oklahoma State University, Department of Zoology, Stillwater. Formerly: OSUS Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College. Obsolete as: OAM, OSUMZ. Oklahoma USA L85 F&E Gilbert 1998, Echelle et al. 2013 Current as: OSUS (fishes). SNOMNH See OMNH. Oklahoma USA Miralles et al. 2012 UCO University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond. Current as: UCO (herps). Oklahoma USA Lynda Loucks pers. comm. 2013 UOK See OMNH. Oklahoma USA Iverson 1981 UOMNH See OMNH. Oklahoma USA Wallach et al. 2014 UOMZ See OMNH. Oklahoma USA L85 L&G F&E UTT University of Tulsa, Fish Collection, Tulsa. Oklahoma USA Poss & Collette 1995:68 Oregon State University, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Corvallis. Includes: all fishes formerly at Oregon State University, School of Brian Sidlauskas pers. comm. OS Oregon USA L85 F&E Oceanography (OSUO). Obsolete as: OSU. Current as: OS (fishes). See 2010 also: OSUMNH (herps). Stevan J. Arnold pers. comm. OSCMNH See OSUMNH. Oregon USA 2010 OSU See OS (fishes) & OSUMNH (herps). Oregon USA F&E Oregon State University, Corvallis. Obsolete as: OSU & OSCMNH. Current Nussbaum 1976, Stevan J. OSUMNH Oregon USA as: OSUMNH (herps). See also: OS (fishes). Arnold pers. comm. 2010 Brian Sidlauskas pers. comm. OSUO See OS. Oregon USA L85 F&E 2010 University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History, Eugene. UO Oregon USA Gilbert 1998 Obsolete as: UOMNH. Current as: UO (fossils). UOMNH See UO. Oregon USA L85 The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Also known as: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (for marketing purposes). Includes: paleontological collection of the American Philosophical Society transferred in Ned Gilmore pers. comm. 2010, ANSP the late 1840s; specimens from Wistar Institute (WIAP), Commercial Pennsylvania USA L85 F&E Parris et al. 2014 Museum of Philadelphia (CMP), Duke University (DU) and Delaware Museum of Natural History (DMNH); private collections of Charles Lucien Bonaparte and Edward Drinker Cope. Current as: ANSP (fishes, herps and fossils). González-Fernández et al. Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh. Note: fishes transferred 2009, Stephen P. Rogers & Amy CM mostly to FMNH, CAS & CU, ca. 1952. Obsolete as: CMNH. Current as: CM Pennsylvania USA L85 F&E Henrici pers. comm. 2010, (herps & fossils). Schultze & Arratia 2013:189 Taggart et al. 2006, González- CMNH See CM. Pennsylvania USA Fernández et al. 2009 East Stroudsburg University, East Stroudsburg. Current as: ESUP (fishes, Thomas C. LaDuke pers. comm. ESUP Pennsylvania USA herps). 2018 Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, Department of Biology and Health Peter Lindeman pers. comm. EUP Pennsylvania USA Services, Edinboro. Current as: EUP (herps). 2011 Lehigh University, Bethlehem. Note: most fluid-preserved and skeletal David L. Cundall pers. comm. LU specimens of amphibians and non-avian reptiles transferred to AMNH in Pennsylvania USA 2010, 2013 2013. Philadelphia Commercial Museum, Philadelphia. Note: renamed Philadelphia PCM Civic Center Museum in 1952; completely closed in 1994; extant fishes Pennsylvania USA Wallach et al. 2014 (mostly from Philippines) transferred to ANSP in 1917. Charles Willson Peale's Philadelphia Museum. Note: closed in 1846 with half PM of collection sold to the Boston Museum in 1850 and later transferred to the Pennsylvania USA Faxon 1915, Wallach et al. 2014 Museum of Comparative Anatomy (MCZ) in 1914. PSU Pennsylvania State University, University Park. Pennsylvania USA L85 F&E Poss & Collette 1995:69 PSUA Pennsylvania State University at Altoona, Altoona. Also as: PSUaa Pennsylvania USA Nguyen et al. 2009 PSUaa See PSUA. Pennsylvania USA David et al. 2007 Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia. Note: institution extant, but WFI disposition of some historical specimens unknown (e.g., holotype of Pennsylvania USA Jasinski 2018 Trachemys euglypha ). Wistar Institute, Philadelphia. Formerly: Wistar Institute of Anatomy. Note: WIAP Pennsylvania USA F&E Kottelat 2013 some historical specimens (e.g., Borneo fishes) now at ANSP. YC York College Fish Collection, York. Pennsylvania USA Poss & Collette 1995:69 National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Center Fish Collection, NMFSN Rhode Island USA Poss & Collette 1995:69 Narraganset. URIZ University of Rhode Island, Department of Zoology, Kingston. Rhode Island USA L85 Charleston Museum, Charleston. Note: most fishes & herps transferred to Albert E. Sanders pers. comm. North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM), but small collection of ChM South Carolina USA L85 2010, Wayne Starnes pers. regional specimens retained. Incorrect as: CMR. Obsolete as: CR. Also comm. 2016 as: CHM (ChM preferred). CMR See ChM. South Carolina USA Wallach et al. 2014 CR See ChM. South Carolina USA Vance 1991 Clemson University, Department of Biological Sciences, Vertebrate CUSC South Carolina USA L85 L&G Collections, Clemson. William D. Anderson, Jr. pers. GMBL Grice Marine Biological Laboratory, Charleston. South Carolina USA L85 F&E comm. 2010 SCMRI See SCMRRI. South Carolina USA L85 L&G South Carolina Marine Resources Research Institute, Charleston. Obsolete SCMRRI South Carolina USA L&G Poss & Collette 1995:69 as: SCMRI. USC University of South Carolina, Baruch Coastal Research Institute, Columbia. South Carolina USA L85 Natural Heritage Fish Collection, Department of Natural Resource Matthew D. Wagner pers. NHFC Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings. Current as: NHFC South Dakota USA comm. 2013 (fishes). SDSM South Dakota School of Mines, Museum of Geology, Rapid City. South Dakota USA Wallach et al. 2014 USDOM University of South Dakota, W.H. Over Museum, Vermillion. South Dakota USA Poss & Collette 1995:69 Austin Peay State University, Museum, Clarkesville. Current as: APSU APSU Tennessee USA L85 FishNet 2 (fishes). East Tennessee State University and General Shale Brick Natural History ETMNH Tennessee USA Mead et al. 2012, Jasinski 2018 Museum and Gray Fossil Site. Current as: ETMNH (fossils). See also: ETVP. Vertebrate Paleontology Laboratory, Department of Geosciences, East Jim I. Mead pers. comm. 2010, ETVP Tennessee State University, Johnson City. Note: fossil collection includes Tennessee USA Mead et al. 2012 skeletons of Recent herps. Current as: ETVP (fossils). See also: ETMNH. GRSM See GSMNP. Tennessee USA Sokolov et al. 2004 Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Natural Resource Collection [scientific study series], Gatlinburg. Note: beginning in 1967, specimens transferred to various institutions on indefinite loan, including University of North Carolina Lewis 1993, Park et al. 2010, GSMNP (UNC, fishes), Hiwassee College (herps, recalled ca. 1973), Cincinnati Tennessee USA Wayne Starnes pers. comm. Museum of Natural History (CMC, herps) and United States National Museum 2019 (USNM); some fishes also at NCSM. Obsolete as: GRSM. Current as: GSMNP. IRES See TU. Tennessee USA Schmidt et al. 2015 University of Memphis, Museum of Zoology, Memphis. Formerly: Memphis MSUMZ Tennessee USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:69 State University. University of Tennessee, Department of Zoology, Knoxville. Current as: UT Bruce Bauer & Sandy UT Tennessee USA L85 F&E (David A. Etnier Ichthyological Collection & herps) Echternacht pers. comm. 2010 UTMCV University of Tennessee at Martin, Fish Collection, Martin. Tennessee USA Poss & Collette 1995:69 Angelo State Natural History Collection, Angelo State University, San Angelo. Slater 1995, Strickland et al. ASNHC Texas USA Current as: ASNHC (herps). 2014 BCBC See SMBU. Texas USA Reynolds et al. 2007 BRTC See TCWC. Texas USA Siegel et al. 2014 BU See SMBU. Texas USA F&E Echelle & Echelle 1978 DMNH See PMNS. Texas USA L85 Iverson 1981, Vance 1991 Fort Worth Museum of Science and History, Fort Worth. Obsolete as: FWM Texas USA L85 FWMNH. FWMNH See FWM. Texas USA Iverson 1981 Houston Museum of Natural Science, Houston. Note: Recent herp collection HMNS transferred to Texas A&M University, College Station (TCWC). Current as: Texas USA Góis et al. 2015 HMNS (fossils). MALB See UTEP. Texas USA MBI Marine Biomedical Institute, University of Texas, Galveston. Texas USA L85 MU See MWSU. Texas USA Iverson 1981 MUVP Midwestern University Vertebrate Paleontology Collection, Snyder. Texas USA Wallach et al. 2014 Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls. Note: fish collection transferred MWSU to University of Texas at Austin (TNHC); herp collection transferred to Texas Texas USA L&G Adam Cohen pers. comm. 2016 A&M University, College Station (TCWC). Also as: MU (herps). NC Navarro College, Biology Department, Corsicana. Texas USA Vance 1991, Slater 1995 NNTRC National Natural Toxins Research Center, Texas A&M University-Kingsville. Texas USA Strickland et al. 2014 Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, NSRL Lubbock. Note: tissue collection only; fish and herp collections transferred to Texas USA Salcedo et al. 2011:508 TNHC and AMNH, respectively. Perot Museum of Nature and Science, Dallas. Formerly: Dallas Museum of PMNS Natural History (DMNH). Obsolete as: DMNH. Current as: PMNS (fishes & Texas USA VertNet 2016 herps). SM See SMBU. Texas USA Iverson 1981 Strecker Museum, Mayborn Museum Complex, Baylor University, Waco. Gilbert 1998, Reynolds et al. SMBU Includes: Bryce C. Brown Collection (BCBC). Obsolete as: BU, SM. Texas USA L85 2007 Current as: SMBU (fishes & herps). Also as: BCBC. Wallach et al. 2014, Morgan & SMP See SMPSMU. Texas USA Harris 2015 Shuler Museum of Paleontology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas. Holman 2006, Wallach et al. SMPSMU Texas USA Current as: SMPSMU (fossils). Also as: SMP & SMU (fossils). 2014 SMU See SMPSMU. Texas USA Tennant et al. 2016 Sul Ross State University, Alpine. Also known as: The University of the Big SRSU Texas USA L85 Iverson 1981 Bend. TAI See AMNH. Texas USA Iverson 1981 Poss & Collette 1995:69, Adam TAIC See AMNH (herps) and TNHC (fish). Texas USA L85 Cohen pers. comm. 2016 TAMU/DO See TCWC. Texas USA Poss & Collette 1995 Texas A&M University at Galveston, Department of Marine Biology, TAMUG Texas USA Ron I. Eytan pers. comm. 2017 Galveston. Current as: TAMUG (fishes). See also: TCWC. TCU Texas Christian University Collection, Fort Worth. Note: TCU assigned here. Texas USA Smith & Ramsey 1952 Biodiversity Research and Teaching Collections (BRTC), Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station. Formerly: Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection. Includes: Texas A&M Poss & Collette 1995:69, University Systematic Collection of Marine Organisms, Department of TCWC Texas USA L85 F&E Heather L. Prestridge pers. Oceanography (TAMU/DO); herp collections from Midwestern State comms. 2013 & 2015 University (MWSU), University of North Texas, Witte Museum (WMSA) and Houston Museum of Natural Science (HMNS). Obsolete as: BRTC (herps). Current as: TCWC (fishes & herps). See also: TAMUG. TMM See TNHC. Texas USA Sankey 2006 University of Texas Biodiversity Collections (UTBC), University of Texas at Austin. Formerly: Texas Natural History Collections administered by Texas Memorial Museum (TMM) and Texas Natural Science Center (TNSC). Includes: collections from Lamar University, Beaumont (fishes), Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls (MWSU, fishes), Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock (TTU, fishes & herps), Texas A&M University-Kingsville Schleip & O'Shea 2010, TNHC [formerly Texas A&I University (TAIC, fishes)], Texas State University, San Texas USA L85 F&E Strickland et al. 2014, FishNet2, Marcos (TSUSM), University of Texas at Brownsville (fishes & herps), Adam Cohen pers. comm. 2016 University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas (UTMSI) and Southern Illinois University Edwardsville (SIUE, herps) as well as private herp collections of Tom C. Scanlon (TCS) and Ralph W. Axtell (RWA). In error as: UTA. Obsolete as: TNHM. Current as: TNHCI (fishes), TNHCH (herps). TNHCH See TNHC. Texas USA Adam Cohen pers. comm. 2016 TNHCI See TNHC. Texas USA Adam Cohen pers. comm. 2016 TNHM See TNHC. Texas USA L85 L&G Texas State University, San Marcos. Formerly: Southwest Texas State Normal School, later Southwest Texas State University. Note: uncataloged TSUSM Texas USA Langecker & Longley 1993 teaching collection extant, research collection unknown; some fish specimens transferred to TNHC. Poss & Collette 1995:69, TTU See NSRL (tissue collection only) and TNHC (fishes & herps). Texas USA L85 Taggart et al. 2006, Adam Cohen pers. comm. 2016 UTA See TNHC. Texas USA Schleip & O'Shea 2010 University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Biology. In error as: Poss & Collette 1995:69, University of Texas at Austin (Schleip & O'Shea 2010). Obsolete as: UTADC Schleip & O'Shea 2010, Böhme UTA Texas USA L85 (herps). Current as: UTA (amphibians). Also as: UTACV (Collection of 2010, Wallach et al. 2014, Vertebrates). VertNet 2016 Nieto-Montes de Oca et al. UTACV See UTA. Texas USA 2001, Cadle 2012 Ramírez-González & Canseco- UTADC See UTA. Texas USA Márquez 2015 University of Texas at El Paso, Biodiversity Collections, El Paso. Formerly: Art Harris pers. comm. 2010, Eli Museum of Arid Land Biology (MALB), Department of Biological Sciences, Greenbaum pers. comm. 2014, UTEP Texas USA L85 F&E Texas Western College. Obsolete as: MALB. Current as: UTEP (fishes, Wallach et al. 2014, Morgan & herps, fossils). Harris 2015, Frost 2016 UTMSI See TNHC. Texas USA Pezold 1993 WMM See WMSA. Texas USA Lundberg & Baskin 1969 Witte Museum, San Antonio. Formerly: Witte Memorial Museum WMSA (1926–1984). Note: herp collection transferred to Texas A&M University, Texas USA F&E College Station (TCWC). Obsolete as: WMM. Brigham Young University, Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Provo. Houston et al. 2010, VertNet BYU Utah USA L85 F&E Current as: BYU. Also as: MLBM (fishes) 2016 MLBM See BYU. Utah USA Houston et al. 2010 Utah Museum of Natural History, University of Utah, Salt Lake City. Also Shannen L. Robson pers. UMNH known as: Natural History Museum of Utah (NHMU). Obsolete as: UU, Utah USA L&G comm. 2016, Janaki Krishna UUZM. Current as: UMNH (fishes & herps), UMNH VP (fossils). pers. comm. 2016 Iverson 1992, Reynolds et al. UU See UMNH. Utah USA L85 2007 UUZM See UMNH. Utah USA Wallach et al. 2014 GMU George Mason University, Vertebrate Collection, Fairfax. Virginia USA L&G Palmer & Braswell 1995 ODU Old Dominion University, Department of Biology, Norfolk. Virginia USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:69 RC Roanoke College, Biology Department, Salem. Virginia USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:69 University of Richmond, Department of Biology. Note: fish collection Eric Hilton & Chip Cotton pers. UR Virginia USA L85 transferred to VIMS in 1993 & NCSM. comm. 2010 Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond. Note: fish collection VCU Virginia USA Palmer & Braswell 1995 transferred to VIMS. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point. Includes: fishes formerly cataloged at Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Eric Hilton & Chip Cotton pers. VIMS Maryland, Solomons (VIMS-CBL), University of Richmond, Virginia (VIMS-UR) Virginia USA L85 F&E comm. 2010, Sarah Huber pers. and Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), all assigned new VIMS catalog comm. 2014 numbers. Current as: VIMS (Nunnally Ichthyological Collection). Virginia Institute for Scientific Research, Allen T. Gwathney Laboratory on University of Richmond campus, Richmond. Note: collection no longer VISR Virginia USA extant; some fishes transferred to The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP). VMNH Virginia Museum of Natural History, Martinsville. Current as: VMNH (fossils) Virginia USA Pritchard et al. 2013 Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle. AFSC Washington USA Poss & Collette 1995:70 Note: fish and otolith collection largely transferred to Burke Museum (UW). BMUW See UWBM. Washington USA Wallach et al. 2014 CPS See PSM. Washington USA L85 Frost 2016 Charles R. Conner Museum, Washington State University, Pullman. Obsolete CRCM Washington USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:70 as: WSU. Central Washington State University, Department of Biology, Ellensburg. CWS Washington USA L85 Formerly: Central Washington State College (CWSC), 1961–1977. CWSC See CWS. Washington USA Nussbaum 1976 MNHW See UWBM. Washington USA F&E PLU Pacific Lutheran University, Parkland Washington USA Nussbaum 1976 Slater Museum of Natural History, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma. PSM Washington USA VertNet 2016 Obsolete as: CPS, UPS. SOC See SOUA. Washington USA Nussbaum 1976 Southern Oregon University, Ashland. Formerly: Southern Oregon College SOUA Washington USA (SOC, 1956–1975), Southern Oregon State College (1975–1979). UPS See PSM. Washington USA Nussbaum 1976 UW See UWBM. Washington USA L85 F&E Ferraris 2007 University of Washington, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, Seattle. Includes: fishes and otoliths collected by the Alaska Fisheries Adam D. Leaché pers. comm. UWBM Washington USA Science Center (AFSC). Obsolete as: BMUW, MNHW, UWF, UWFC. Current 2010, VertNet 2016 as: UW (fishes), UWBM (herps). UWF See UWBM. Washington USA F&E UWFC See UWBM. Washington USA VertNet 2016 WSU See CRCM. Washington USA Nussbaum 1976 WVBS West Virginia Biological Survey collection at Marshall University, Huntington. West Virginia USA L85 MPM Milwaukee Public Museum, Vertebrate Zoology, Milwaukee. Current as: MPM. Wisconsin USA L85 Vance 1991 USW See UWZM. Wisconsin USA Poulakakis et al. 2015 D.J. Meinhardt, pers. comm. UWGB Richter Museum of Natural History, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay. Wisconsin USA 2006 UWM University of Wisconsin, Zoology Department, Milwaukee. Wisconsin USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:70 University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Museum of Natural History, Stevens UWSP Wisconsin USA L85 Poss & Collette 1995:70 Point. University of Wisconsin Zoological Museum, Madison. Obsolete as: UWZS, Poss & Collette 1995:70, Frost UWZM Wisconsin USA L85 USW. Current as: UWZM. 2016 UWZS See UWZM. Wisconsin USA Poulakakis et al. 2015 University of Wyoming Geological Museum, Laramie. Current as: UW Grande et al. 1982, Fischer et UW Wyoming USA (fossils). See also: UWYMV (Recent fishes & herps) al. 2016 Poss & Collette 1995:70, Gilbert UWL See UWYMV. Wyoming USA L85 1998 University of Wyoming, Museum of Vertebrates, Laramie. Obsolete as: UWYMV Wyoming USA VertNet 2016 UWL. See also: UW (paleo) CG Private collection of Chapman Grant (1887–1983). Note: status unknown. USA Wallach et al. 2014 Private collection of Edward H. Taylor. Note: specimens deposited primarily EHT USA Wallach et al. 2014 at CAS, CM, FMNH, KU & UIMNH HerpMapper Project (launched Sep 2013, global in scope); unique HM numbers catalog observations submitted by citizen scientists to online Christopher Smith pers. comm. HM USA database (www.herpmapper.org) and have been cited in publications (e.g., 2016, HerpMapper.org Herpetological Review) National Park Service, US Department of the Interior. Note: specimens collected on lands administered by the US National Park Service are the property of NPS, but may be deposited on loan at a non-NPS repository that meets federal requirements. The non-NPS repository may assign its own catalog numbers and should cross reference them to NPS catalog numbers; Lauren Finn Hauptman pers. NPS USA NPS catalogs lots using unique combination of 4-letter abbreviation (specific comm. 2016 to NPS Unit where specimens were collected) and up to 6 digit number (e.g., UPDE 123456 refers to a specimen lot from the Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River). Such specimens should be cited using both the NPS and non-NPS repository catalog numbers (e.g., ANSP 187723 [NPS UPDE 2153]). ANUz See IZANUZ. Uzbekistan Nessov et al. 1998 Institute of Flora and Fauna Genofond [Gene Pool], Academy of Sciences of IFUT Uzbekistan Schätti et al. 2014 Uzbekistan, Tashkent. See also: IZANUZ. Institute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. IZANUZ Uzbekistan Sues & Averianov 2009 Obsolete as: ANUz (fossils). Current as: IZANUZ (fossils). See also: IFUT. Samarkandskij gosudarstvennyj universitet [Samarkand State University], MSGU Uzbekistan Schätti et al. 2014 Museum of Department of Zoology, Samarkand. Museum of Zoology, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo NUUz Ulugbek, Tashkent. Formerly: Central Asian State University (1923–1960), Uzbekistan Koblik et al. 2011 V.I. Lenin Tashkent State University (1960–1990). Current as: NUUz (birds). Republican Nature Museum, Tashkent. Also known as: Uzbekistan State RNMT Museum of Nature. Note: established in 1876 as Tashkent Museum; Uzbekistan abbreviation not found and assigned here. TASU Tashkent State University, Tashkent. Current as: TASU (birds). Uzbekistan Dickinson et al. 2001 Ministerio de Agricultura y Cría, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones MAC-PAY Agricolas (INIA), Estación Experimental Amazonas, Puerto Ayacucho. Amazonas Venezuela F&E Netto-Ferreira et al. 2011 Current as: MAC-PAY. Ministerio de Agricultura y Cría, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones MAC-APU Apure Venezuela F&E Agricolas (INIA), Estación Experimental Apure, San Fernando de Apure. DISCA See EBRG. Aragua Venezuela F&E Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables (MARN), Lasso et al. 2010, Wallach et al. EBRG Museo de la Estación Biológia de Rancho Grande, Maracay. Obsolete as: Aragua Venezuela L85 2014 DISCA (fishes), MARNR (fishes). Current as: EBRG (fishes & herps). MARNR See EBRG. Aragua Venezuela Taphorn & Lilyestrom 1984 Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay Campus. Current as: UCV UCV Aragua Venezuela Scheyer et al. 2013 (fossils). See also: MBUCV. Estación de Investigaciones Hidrobiológicas de Guayana, Fundación La Salle CRI-EDHIG de Ciencias Naturales, Campus Guayana, San Félix, Ciudad Guayana. Bolívar Venezuela Echevarría & González 2017 Current as: CRI-EDHIG (fishes). MMK Museo de la Misión de Kavanayen, Kavanayen. Bolívar Venezuela Wallach et al. 2014 FCLR Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas. Districto Federal Venezuela F&E IVO Serpentario del Instituto Venezolano de Ofidiología, Caracas. Districto Federal Venezuela Wallach et al. 2014 Ministerio de Agricultura y Cría, Sección de Pesca Interior y Piscicultura, MACLPI Caracas. Note: repository indicated for type specimens of fishes described by Districto Federal Venezuela F&E Ferraris et al. 2017 Fernández-Yépez, but no longer extant. Museo de Biología de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas. Note: founded in 1949; collections relocated to Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Machado-Allison & Provenzano Tropical (IZET) in 1965; separate collections denoted by Roman numerals MBUCV Districto Federal Venezuela L85 F&E 2016, Francisco Provenzano such as I (mammals), II (birds), III (reptiles), IV (amphibians) and V pers. comm. 2018 (fishes). Current as: MBUCV (fishes & herps), MBUCV-V (fishes), MBUCV-IV (amphibians), MBUCV-III (reptiles). See also: UCV. MCN See MCNC. Districto Federal Venezuela Scheyer et al. 2013 Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas. Current Lundberg & Aguilera 2003, MCN-USB Districto Federal Venezuela as: MCN-USB (fossils). Scheyer & Delfino 2016 Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Los Caobos (Plaza Morelos), Caracas. Wallach et al. 2014, Scheyer & MCNC Districto Federal Venezuela L85 Obsolete as: MCN (fossils). Current as: MCNC (fishes, herps & fossils). Delfino 2016 Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Caracas. Formerly: Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Note: established in 1940 Ferraris 2007, Wallach et al. MHNLS as part of Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle (SCNLS) in Colegio La Districto Federal Venezuela F&E 2014 Salle de Tienda Honda, Caracas. Obsolete as: SCN, MNHLS. Current as: MHNLS (fishes & herps). See also: CRI-EDHIG (Campus Guayana). SCN See MHNLS. Districto Federal Venezuela L85 F&E SCNLS See MHNLS. Districto Federal Venezuela Colección de Paleontología de Vertebrados de la Alcaldía Bolivariana de Scheyer et al. 2013, Scheyer & AMU-CURS Urumaco. Also known as: Museo Paleontológico de Urumaco (MPU). Falcón Venezuela Delfino 2016 Current as: AMU-CURS (fossils). MPU See AMU. Falcón Venezuela Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda, Coro. Current as: Aguilera & Marceniuk 2012, UNEFM Falcón Venezuela F&E UNEFM (fossils). Also as: UNEFM-CIAAP, UNEFM-PF (fossils). Scheyer & Delfino 2016 Donald Taphorn & Douglas Colección Regional de Peces, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado CPUCLA Lara Venezuela Rodríguez Olarte pers. comm. (UCLA), Barquisimeto. 2010 CV-ULA See CVULA. Mérida Venezuela Passos & Prudente 2012 Universidad de los Andes, Colección de Vertebrados, Mérida. Note: separate Wallach et al. 2014, Carlos CVULA from ULABG at same institution. Obsolete as: ULAM. Current as: CVULA. Mérida Venezuela Donascimiento pers. comm. Also as: CV-ULA (herps). 2015 La Marca 2008, Böhme 2010, Universidad de Los Andes, Laboratorio de Biogeografia, Collection of Wallach et al. 2014, Carlos ULABG Amphibians and Reptiles, Mérida. Note: separate from CVULA at same Mérida Venezuela Donascimiento pers. comm. institution. Obsolete as: ULAM. Current as: ULABG (herps). 2015 ULAM See CVULA and ULABG. Mérida Venezuela L85 EIMM See MOBR. Nueva Esparta Venezuela Glynn 1970 FLSM See MOBR. Nueva Esparta Venezuela L85 Museo Marino de Margarita, Boca del Río, Isla Margarita. Note: founded in Hernández-Ávila & Campos MMM 1994. Current as: MMM-CI (colección ictiológica, fishes), MMM-CI-E Nueva Esparta Venezuela F&E 2007, Cervigón 2016 (colección de exhibición, fishes). Museo Oceanológico Hermano Benigno Román, Estación de Investigaciones Marinas de Margarita (EDIMAR or EIMM), Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Solé 2009, Lasso-Alcalá et al. MOBR Nueva Esparta Venezuela Naturales, Isla de Margarita. Obsolete as: FLSM, EIMM, MOBR-EDIMAR. 2011 Current as: MOBR. Universidad de Oriente, Núcleo de Nueva Esparta, Centro de Investigaciones UDONECI Nueva Esparta Venezuela L85 F&E Científicas, Porlamar, Isla Margarita. Also as: UDOV. UDOV See UDONECI. Nueva Esparta Venezuela Durand et al. 2012 MCNG Museo de Ciencias Naturales de UNELLEZ, Guanare Portuguesa Venezuela L85 F&E Wallach et al. 2014 Museo del Mar [Museo Marino de Cumaná], Universidad de Oriente, Cumaná. MMUDO Sucre Venezuela Díaz-Díaz et al. 2014 Obsolete as: UDO, UOIO. Current as: MMUDO. UDO See MMUDO. Sucre Venezuela L85 UOIO See MMUDO. Sucre Venezuela L85 BLUZ See MBLUZ. Zulia Venezuela F&E Museo de Biología de la Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo. Obsolete as: Pérez & Viloria 1994, Wallach et MBLUZ Zulia Venezuela BLUZ. Current as: MBLUZ (fishes & herps), MBLUZ-P (fossils). al. 2014 Private collection of Agustín Fernández-Yépez. Note: extant fishes at FMNH, AFY Venezuela F&E MBUCV, MHNLS ARI See RIA1. Bac Ninh Vietnam F&E NCNTTSI See RIA1. Bac Ninh Vietnam Kottelat 2012:13, Kottelat 2013 Research Institute for Aquaculture no. 1 [Vien Nghien curu Nuoi trong Thuy san 1], Dinh Bang, Tu Son. Formerly: Dinh Bang Research Station. RIA1 Includes: fish types of Nguyen & Doan 1969. Obsolete as: ARI, NCNTTSI, Bac Ninh Vietnam Endruweit 2014 RIAH (Research Institute for Aquaculture at Hanoi, code used by Roberts & Catania 2008 but not maintained by RIA1 staff). RIAH See RIA1. Bac Ninh Vietnam F&E CTU Can Tho University, Can Tho. Current as: CTU (fishes). Can Tho Vietnam Grudpan & Grudpan 2012 Nguyen et al. 2009, Wallach et CRES See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam al. 2014 Watanabe et al. 2002, Ferraris 2007, Truong Nguyen pers. DVZUT See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam F&E comm. 2010, Kottelat 2013, Endruweit 2014 Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi. Also known as: Hanoi University of Pedagogy, Truong Dai hoc Su pham or University of Su Pham. HNUE Hanoi Vietnam Kottelat 2013, Endruweit 2014 Note: small fish and herp collection separate from VNUH; includes fishes described by Nguyen Huu Duc. Also as: HUE. HNUV See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam Nguyen et al. 2009 Nguyen et al. 2009, Truong HUE See HNUE. Hanoi Vietnam Nguyen pers. comm. 2010 Kuch et al. 2005, Bain et al. Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science 2009, Nguyen et al. 2009, IEBR and Technology (VAST), Hanoi. Formerly: National Center for Natural Hanoi Vietnam Böhme 2010, Rösler et al. Science and Technology (NCST) of Vietnam. Current as: IEBR. 2010, Wallach et al. 2014, Endruweit 2014 Laboratoire des Sciences Naturelles, Université-Indochinoise, Hanoi, LSNUI Hanoi Vietnam Wallach et al. 2014 Vietnam. Note: no longer extant, specimens now in MNHN (Paris). LZUH See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam Dubois & Ohler 2009 NUH See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam Nguyen et al. 2009 VFU See VNUF. Hanoi Vietnam Luu et al. 2015 Nguyen et al. 2009, Böhme Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi. VNMN Hanoi Vietnam 2010, Nguyen et al. 2013, Note: founded in 2012. Current as: VNMN (fishes & herps). Wallach et al. 2014 Department of Wildlife, Faculty of Forest Resources and Environmental Management, Vietnam National University of Forestry, Xuan Mai, Chuong My. VNUF Hanoi Vietnam Luu et al. 2018 Also known as: Vietnam Forestry University (VFU). Obsolete as: VFU. Current as: VNUF (herps). Vietnam National University, Hanoi. Includes: Department of Vertebrate Zoology, University of Tông-Hop (DVZUT), also known as Zoology Museum, David et al. 2007, Böhme 2010, University of Hanoi (LZUH, ZMUH), merged into VNUH in 1993. Obsolete VNUH Hanoi Vietnam Truong Nguyen pers. comm. as: CRES (Center for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies), HNUV, 2010 LZUH, NUH, VUNH, DVZUT, ZMUH. Current as: VNUH (fishes & herps). Also as: ZMVNU (mammals). VUNH See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam Nguyen et al. 2009 ZMUH See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam Akihito & Meguro 1976 Wilson & Reeder 2005, Thinh et ZMVNU See VNUH. Hanoi Vietnam al. 2010 Institute of Tropical Biology Collection of Zoology, Vietnam Academy of Nguyen et al. 2013, Tri et al. ITBCZ Science and Technology (VAST), Ho Chi Minh City [Saigon]. Obsolete as: Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam 2014; Peter Uetz pers. comm. ITBMZ. Current as: ITBCZ (herps). 2014 ITBMZ See ITBCZ. Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Nguyen et al. 2009 Research Institute for Aquaculture no. 2 [Vien Nghien curu Nuoi trong Thuy RIA2 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Endruweit 2014 san 2], Ho Chi Minh City. Truong Dai Hoc Su Pham [Ho Chi Minh City Pedagogical University], TDHSP Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam F&E Zoological Collection, Ho Chi Minh City [Saigon] University of Natural Sciences, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City Nguyen et al. 2009, Böhme UNS Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam [Saigon]. Current as: UNS (herps). 2010, Nguyen et al. 2013 National Oceanographic Museum of Vietnam, Institute of Oceanography ION Khánh Hòa Vietnam Bruce 2013, Kottelat 2013 [Vien Hai Duong Hoc], Nha Trang. OIM See ION. Khánh Hòa Vietnam F&E Research Institute for Aquaculture no. 3 [Vien Nghien curu Nuoi trong Thuy RIA3 Khánh Hòa Vietnam Endruweit 2014 san 3], Nha Trang. CQ See VUP. Nghệ An Vietnam Quang et al. 2007 VUM See VUP. Nghệ An Vietnam Blanck et al. 2017 Vinh University, Vinh. Formerly: Pedagogical University of Vinh VUP (1962–2001). Current as: VUP (fishes & herps). Also as: CQ (herps from Nghệ An Vietnam Kottelat 2012:13, Kottelat 2013 Chau Quang village), VUM (Vinh University Museum). Science Research Centre collection, Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Bo David et al. 2007, Nguyen et al. PNKB Quang Binh Vietnam Trach. Current as: PNKB (herps). 2013 Natural History Collection of Yemen, Sana'a. Note: specimens curated at Böhme 2010, Randall & Victor NHCY Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt (SMF). Current as: NHCY (fishes & Yemen 2015 amphibians). LM See NMZL. Zambia Poynton 1964 NMZ See NMZL. Zambia Hutterer & Dippenaar 1987 Livingstone Museum, Livingstone. Formerly: David Livingstone Memorial Museum established in 1934; Rhodes-Livingstone Museum renamed NMZL Zambia L85 Poynton & Broadley 1985 Livingstone Museum in 1966. Obsolete as: LM. Current as: NMZL (herps). Also known as: NMZ (National Museum of Zambia). UNZA University of Zambia, Lusaka. 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Check List 11(4):1-3. Collaborative Georeferencing Project: Repatriation Phase at FishNet2 2015 http://fishnet2.net/repatriation.html Diplecogaster tonstricula , a new species of cleaning clingfish (Teleostei: Gobiesocidae) Fricke, R., P. Wirtz & A. Brito 2015 from the Canary Islands and Senegal, eastern Atlantic Ocean, with a review of the Diplecogaster-ctenocrypta species-group. Journal of Natural History 50 (11-12): 731–748. Une Testudo (Reptile chélonien) du Miocène de Savigné-sur-Lathan (Indre-et-Lorie, Gagnaison, C. 2015 France). Symbioses 33: 17–22. Hyphessobrycon natagaima (Characiformes: Characidae) a new species from Colombia, Garcia-Alzate, C. A., Taphorn, D., Román-Valencia,2015 C. & Villa-Navarro. F. A. with a key to the Magdalena Basin Hyphessobrycon species. Caldasia 37(1): 221–232. Geburzi, J.C., G. Graumann, S. First record of the Asian crab Hemigrapsus takanoi Asakura & Watanabe, 2005 (Decapoda, 2015 Köhnk & D. Brandis Brachyura, Varunidae) in the Baltic Sea. BioInvasions Records 4(2): 103–107. Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Vertebrate Zoology Glaw, F. 2015 65(2): 167–246. A Peculiar New Pampatheriidae (Mammalia: Xenarthra: Cingulata) from the Pleistocene of Góis, F., L.R. González Ruiz, G.J. 2015 Argentina and Comments on Pampatheriidae Diversity. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0128296. Scillato-Yané & E. Soibelzon https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128296 Grismer, L.L., P.L. Wood, Jr., E.S.H. A new insular species of Rock Gecko (Cnemaspis Boulenger) from Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, 2015 Quah, S. Anuar, E. Ngadi & N. Ahmad Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3985(2); 203–218. A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from western Guo, W., K. Zhou, J. Yan & P. Li 2015 Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 3974(3): 377–390. The non-avian theropod quadrate I: standardized terminology with an overview of the Hendrickx, C., R. Araújo & O. Mateus 2015 anatomy and function. PeerJ 3: e1245. Hoinsoude Segniagbeto G., J.-F. 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Revision of Isanodus paladeji (Elasmobranchii, Hybodontiformes) from the Lower Khamha, S., G. Cuny & K. Lauprasert 2015 Cretaceous of Thailand. PalZ 90: 533–541 A new species and new records of Molophilus Curtis, 1833 (Diptera: Limoniidae) from the Kolcsár, L.-P., E. Török & L. Keresztes 2015 Western Palaearctic Region. Biodiversity Data Journal 3: e5466. Kullander, S.O., MD. M. Rahman, M. Danio annulosus , a new species of chain Danio from the Shuvolong Falls in Bangladesh 2015 Norén & A.R. Mollah (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae). Zootaxa 3994(1): 53–68. Rediscovery of the eastern crested toad (Peltophryne fracta ), with comments on Landestoy T., M.A., & R. Ortíz 2015 conservation, vocalization, and mating behavior. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 22(2): 50–55. Redescription of the freshwater anchovy Anchoviella vaillanti (Steindachner, 1908) Loeb, M.V., & J.L. 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