Há 82 Anos, Mulheres Estabeleciam Recorde Na Aviação

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Há 82 Anos, Mulheres Estabeleciam Recorde Na Aviação Há 82 anos, mulheres estabeleciam recorde na aviação Há 82 anos, entre 24 e 25 de setembro de 1938, Valentina Grizodubova, Polina Osipenko e Marina Raskova estabeleceram o então recorde mundial de distância de voo sem pouso intermediário. A bordo de um bimotor Tupolev ANT-37 batizado de Rodina (“terra natal”), elas voaram um total de 5.908,61 quilômetros ao longo de 26 horas e 29 minutos. As três decolaram de Tchelcovo, perto de Moscou, e planejavam voar até Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Porém, devido ao mau tempo, acabaram não localizando a pista de destino e fizeram um pouso forçado em uma floresta já perto do Mar de Okhotsk, no leste do país. Apesar de não ter acabado como planejado, o voo estabeleceu o novo recorde, reconhecido pela Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI). As três se tornaram, assim, as primeiras mulheres a receberem o título de Heroínas da União Soviética, a maior condecoração dada por aquele Estado, as únicas a atingirem esse título antes da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Das 12.775 pessoas agraciadas com a medalha entre 1934 e 1991, somente 95 foram mulheres. LEIA TAMBÉM: Mulheres brasileiras estreiam nos drones militares Britânicos ironizam em comercial sobre mulheres nas Forças Armadas Aviadoras homenageiam Rosemary Mariner Mulheres na linha de frente?! Os britânicos dizem sim Equipe 100% feminina controla satélite de GPS Há 83 anos, Amelia Earhart se tornava uma lenda da aviação Vamos, filhas altivas dos ares! Polina Osipenko A co-piloto Polina Osipenko faleceu em 1939, aos 31 anos, em um acidente durante um voo de treinamento. Marina Raskoka em 1938 Já a navegadora Marina Raskova, que também pilotava, pediu diretamente a Stalin que incentivasse a participação de mulheres no corpo de aviação da Segunda Guerra Mundial, o que resultou na criação de três regimentos de aviação exclusivamente femininos, com elas dominando as cabines e também a manutenção. Mais 29 mulheres se tornaram heroínas da União Soviética por seus feitos em combate nesses regimentos que, ao todo, voaram quase 30 mil missões de combate durante a guerra. Raskova se tornou comandante do 587º Regimento de Bombardeiros, função que desempenhou até 4 de janeiro de 1943, quando faleceu por conta de um acidente com seu Petlyakov Pe-2 durante uma tentativa de pouso forçado no rio Volga, próximo à Stalingrado. Ela recebeu um funeral com honras. Já a comandante do voo recordista, Valentina Grizodubova, combateu na Segunda Guerra como comandante do 101º Regimento de Aviação de Longo Alcance, liderando homens e mulheres na operação de cargueiros Lisunov Li-2, versão local do Douglas DC-3. Valentina Grizodubova O grupo voou missões em apoio às tropa de Stalingrado, aos soviéticos cercados em Leningrado e, com destaque, de suporte aos guerrilheiros que combatiam os nazistas longe do front. Para isso, Li-2 voavam à noite e pousavam em pistas clandestinas em território inimigo. Eram voos em que levavam combatentes, armas e alimentos; na volta, resgatavam feridos, órfãos e doentes. Grizodubova, pessoalmente, voou mais de 200 missões na guerra. Ela sobreviveu à guerra. No pós-guerra, Valentina Grizodubova foi a única mulher a compor a comissão criada para investigar crimes nazistas em território soviético. Nos anos 60, chefiou um instituto de pesquisas na área de aviação. Já nos anos 70, se tornou mentora de Svetlana Savitskaya, aviadora soviética que se tornaria cosmonauta, a primeira a realizar uma caminhada espacial. Nos anos 80, Valentina Grizodubova seria também agraciada com o título de Heroína do Trabalho Socialista, uma comenda comparável ao de Heroína da União Soviética, mas dessa vez uma homenagem pelas contribuições pela economia e cultura. Casada com Viktor Sokolov, Valentina Grizodubova tinha 29 anos e já era mãe de um menino de dois anos na época do seu voo pioneiro, em 1938. Ela faleceu em 28 de abril de 1993, aos 84 anos..
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