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Department of Linguistics Proceedings FONETIK 2009 The XXIIth Swedish Phonetics Conference June 10-12, 2009 Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm University Previous Swedish Phonetics Conferences (from 1986) I 1986 Uppsala University II 1988 Lund University III 1989 KTH Stockholm IV 1990 Umeå University (Lövånger) V 1991 Stockholm University VI 1992 Chalmers and Göteborg University VII 1993 Uppsala University VIII 1994 Lund University (Höör) - 1995 (XIIIth ICPhS in Stockholm) IX 1996 KTH Stockholm (Nässlingen) X 1997 Umeå University XI 1998 Stockholm University XII 1999 Göteborg University XIII 2000 Skövde University College XIV 2001 Lund University XV 2002 KTH Stockholm XVI 2003 Umeå University (Lövånger) XVII 2004 Stockholm University XVIII 2005 Göteborg University XIX 2006 Lund University XX 2007 KTH Stockholm XXI 2008 Göteborg University Proceedings FONETIK 2009 The XXIIth Swedish Phonetics Conference, held at Stockholm University, June 10-12, 2009 Edited by Peter Branderud and Hartmut Traunmüller Department of Linguistics Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm ISBN 978-91-633-4892-1 printed version ISBN 978-91-633-4893-8 web version 2009-05-28 http://www.ling.su.se/fon/fonetik_2009/proceedings_fonetik2009.pdf The new symbol for the Phonetics group at the Department of Linguistics, which is shown on the front page, was created by Peter Branderud and Mikael Parkvall. © The Authors and the Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University Printed by Universitetsservice US-AB 2009 2 Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm University Preface This volume contains the contributions to FONETIK 2009, the Twentysecond Swedish Phonetics Conference, organized by the Phonetics group of Stockholm University on the Frescati campus June 10-12 2009. The papers appear in the order in which they were given at the Conference. Only a limited number of copies of this publication was printed for distribution among the authors and those attending the meeting. For access to web versions of the contributions, please look under www.ling.su.se/fon/fonetik_2009/. We would like to thank all contributors to the Proceedings. We are also indebted to Fonetikstiftelsen for financial support. Stockholm in May 2009 On behalf of the Phonetics group Peter Branderud Francisco Lacerda Hartmut Traunmüller 3 Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm University Contents Phonology and Speech Production F0 lowering, creaky voice, and glottal stop: 8 Jan Gauffin’s account of how the larynx works in speech Björn Lindblom Eskilstuna as the tonal key to Danish 12 Tomas Riad Formant transitions in normal and disordered speech: 18 An acoustic measure of articulatory dynamics Björn Lindblom, Diana Krull, Lena Hartelius and Ellika Schalling Effects of vocal loading on the phonation and collision threshold 24 pressures Laura Enflo, Johan Sundberg and Friedemann Pabst Posters P1 Experiments with synthesis of Swedish dialects 28 Jonas Beskow and Joakim Gustafson Real vs. rule-generated tongue movements as an audio-visual speech 30 perception support Olov Engwall and Preben Wik Adapting the Filibuster text-to-speech system for Norwegian bokmål 36 Kåre Sjölander and Christina Tånnander Acoustic characteristics of onomatopoetic expressions in child- 40 directed speech Ulla Sundberg and Eeva Klintfors Swedish Dialects Phrase initial accent I in South Swedish 42 Susanne Schötz and Gösta Bruce Modelling compound intonation in Dala and Gotland Swedish 48 Susanne Schötz, Gösta Bruce and Björn Granström The acoustics of Estonian Swedish long close vowels as compared to 54 Central Swedish and Finland Swedish Eva Liina Asu, Susanne Schötz and Frank Kügler Fenno-Swedish VOT: Influence from Finnish? 60 Catherine Ringen and Kari Suomi 4 Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm University Prosody Grammaticalization of prosody in the brain 66 Mikael Roll and Merle Horne Focal lengthening in assertions and confirmations 72 Gilbert Ambrazaitis On utterance-final intonation in tonal and non-tonal dialects of 78 Kammu David House, Anastasia Karlsson, Jan-Olof Svantesson and Damrong Tayanin Reduplication with fixed tone pattern in Kammu 82 Jan-Olof Svantesson, David House, Anastasia Mukhanova Karlsson and Damrong Tayanin Posters P2 Exploring data driven parametric synthesis 86 Rolf Carlson, Kjell Gustafson Uhm… What’s going on? An EEG study on perception of filled 92 pauses in spontaneous Swedish speech Sebastian Mårback, Gustav Sjöberg, Iris-Corinna Schwarz and Robert Eklund HöraTal – a test and training program for children who have 96 difficulties in perceiving and producing speech Anne-Marie Öster Second Language Transient visual feedback on pitch variation for Chinese speakers of 102 English Rebecca Hincks and Jens Edlund Phonetic correlates of unintelligibility in Vietnamese-accented English 108 Una Cunningham Perception of Japanese quantity by Swedish speaking learners: A 112 preliminary analysis Miyoko Inoue Automatic classification of segmental second language speech quality 116 using prosodic features Eero Väyrynen, Heikki Keränen, Juhani Toivanen and Tapio Seppänen 5 Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm University Speech Development Children’s vocal behaviour in a pre-school environment and resulting 120 vocal function Mechtild Tronnier and Anita McAllister Major parts-of-speech in child language – division in open and close 126 class words Eeva Klintfors, Francisco Lacerda and Ulla Sundberg Language-specific speech perception as mismatch negativity in 10- 130 month-olds’ ERP data Iris-Corinna Schwarz, Malin Forsén, Linnea Johansson, Catarina Lång, Anna Narel, Tanya Valdés, and Francisco Lacerda Development of self-voice recognition in children 136 Sofia Strömbergsson Posters P3 Studies on using the SynFace talking head for the hearing impaired 140 Samer Al Moubayed, Jonas Beskow, Ann-Marie Öster, Giampiero Salvi, Björn Granström, Nic van Son, Ellen Ormel and Tobias Herzke On extending VTLN to phoneme-specific warping in automatic speech 144 recognition Daniel Elenius and Mats Blomberg Visual discrimination between Swedish and Finnish among L2- 150 learners of Swedish Niklas Öhrström, Frida Bulukin Wilén, Anna Eklöf and Joakim Gustafsson Speech Perception Estimating speaker characteristics for speech recognition 154 Mats Blomberg and Daniel Elenius Auditory white noise enhances cognitive performance under certain 160 conditions: Examples from visuo-spatial working memory and dichotic listening tasks Göran G. B. W. Söderlund, Ellen Marklund, and Francisco Lacerda Factors affecting visual influence on heard vowel roundedness: 166 Web experiments with Swedes and Turks Hartmut Traunmüller 6 Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm University Voice and Forensic Phonetics Breathiness differences in male and female speech. Is H1-H2 an 172 appropriate measure? Adrian P. Simpson Emotions in speech: an interactional framework for clinical 176 applications Ani Toivanen and Juhani Toivanen Earwitnesses: The effect of voice differences in identification accuracy 180 and the realism in confidence judgments Elisabeth Zetterholm, Farhan Sarwar and Carl Martin Allwood Perception of voice similarity and the results of a voice line-up 186 Jonas Lindh Posters P4 Project presentation: Spontal – multimodal database of spontaneous 190 speech dialog Jonas Beskow, Jens Edlund, Kjell Elenius, Kahl Hellmer, David House and Sofia Strömbergsson A first step towards a text-independent speaker verification Praat plug- 194 in using Mistral/Alize tools Jonas Lindh Modified re-synthesis of initial voiceless plosives by concatenation of 198 speech from different speakers Sofia Strömbergsson Special Topics Cross-modal clustering in the acoustic – articulatory space 202 G. Ananthakrishnan and Daniel M. Neiberg Swedish phonetics 1939-1969 208 Paul Touati How do Swedish encyclopedia users want pronunciation to be 214 presented? Michaël Stenberg LVA-technology – The illusion of “lie detection” 220 F. Lacerda Author Index 226 7 Proceedings, FONETIK 2009, Dept. of Linguistics, Stockholm University F0 lowering, creaky voice, and glottal stop: Jan Gauf- fin’s account of how the larynx works in speech Björn Lindblom Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University Abstract completeness of our understanding of F0 lower- ing, he also tried to do something about it. F0 lowering, creaky voice, Danish stød and glottal stops may at first seem like a group of only vaguely related phenomena. However, a Jan Gauffin’s account theory proposed by Jan Gauffin (JG) almost JG collaborated with Osamu Fujimura at RILP forty years ago puts them on a continuum of at the University of Tokyo. There he had an op- supralaryngeal constriction. The purpose of the portunity to make films of the vocal folds using present remarks is to briefly review JG:s work fiber optics. His data came mostly from Swe- and to summarize evidence from current re- dish subjects. He examined laryngeal behavior search that tends to reinforce many of his ob- during glottal stops and with particular atten- servations and lend strong support to his view tion to the control of voice quality. Swedish of how the larynx is used in speech. In a com- word accents provided an opportunity to inves- panion paper at this conference, Tomas Riad tigate the laryngeal correlates of F0 changes presents a historical and dialectal account of (Lindqvist-Gauffin 1969, 1972). relationships among low tones, creak and stød Analyzing the laryngoscopic images JG be- in Swedish and Danish