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US009913798B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 , 913 ,798 B2 Florence et al . (45 ) Date of Patent: Mar. 13, 2018 ( 54 ) TOPICAL SKIN CARE FORMULATIONS USPC .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 424 / 59 COMPRISING PLANT EXTRACTS See application file for complete search history . ( 71 ) Applicant: Mary Kay Inc. , Addison , TX (US ) ( 56 ) References Cited ( 72 ) Inventors : Tiffany Florence , Dallas, TX (US ); U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS David Gan , Southlake , TX (US ) ; 5 , 705 , 170 A 1 / 1998 Kong et al. Michelle Hines , Hickory Creek , TX 7 , 759, 393 B2 7 / 2010 Joerger et al. (US ) 2008 /0044502 A1 2 /2008 Wirth et al. 2008 / 0227842 Al 9 /2008 Krautler et al. ( 73 ) Assignee : Mary Kay Inc. , Addison , TX (US ) 2009 /0149420 A1 6 /2009 Raederstorff et al . @ 2012/ 0003332 A1* 1 / 2012 Zheng . .. .. A61K 8 / 466 ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this 424 / 725 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U . S . C . 154 (b ) by 0 days . FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS 101686728 A 3 / 2010 ( 21) Appl. No .: 15 /214 , 182 2001 - 187725 A 7 / 2001 ( 22 ) Filed : Jul. 19 , 2016 352 2003 - 113064 * 4 / 2003 (65 ) Prior Publication Data OTHER PUBLICATIONS International Search Report and Written Opinion issued in PCT US 2017 /0105925 A1 Apr. 20 , 2017 Application No. PCT/ US2012 /034673 , dated Nov. 26 , 2012 Office Action issued in Chinese Application No. 201280022458 .6 , Related U . S . Application Data dated Dec. 5 , 2014 . (63 ) Continuation of application No. 14 / 104 ,193 , filed on * cited by examiner Dec . 12 , 2013 , now Pat . No . 9 ,408 , 801 , which is a continuation of application No. 13 /888 , 068 , filed on Primary Examiner — David J Blanchard May 6 , 2013 , now Pat. No . 8 ,636 , 989 , which is a Assistant Examiner — Sarah Alawadi continuation of application No. 13 /453 ,690 , filed on (74 ) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Norton Rose Fulbright Apr. 23 , 2012 , now Pat. No . 8 ,444 , 959 . US LLP ( 60 ) Provisional application No . 61/ 477, 812 , filed on Apr. (57 ) ABSTRACT 21, 2011 . Disclosed is a topical skin composition and corresponding methods for its use that includes an extract from Phaseolus ( 51) Int . Cl. vulgaris , Citris sinensis , Wedelia trilobata , Burretiodendron A61K 8 /97 ( 2017 .01 ) hsienmu , Bauhinia brachycarpa var. cavaleriei, Cystacan A610 19 /02 ( 2006 .01 ) thus paniculatus, Caesalpinia minax , Pueraria wallichii , A610 19 / 08 ( 2006 .01 ) Tetracentron sinense, Bridelia insulana , Hedyotis verticil A610 17 / 04 ( 2006 . 01 ) lata , Syzygium fruticosum , Cercidiphyllum japonicum , A610 19 / 00 ( 2006 .01 ) Bauhinia glauca , Rhododendron siderophyllum , Cudrania A61K 8 / 02 ( 2006 . 01 ) pubescens, Cajanus cajan , Wendlandia uvariifolia , Sieges A6IK 36 / 14 ( 2006 .01 ) beckia glabrescens , Azolla imbricate , Juncus bufonius, A61K 36 / 185 ( 2006 .01 ) Poikilospermum suaveolens, Clerodendrum trichotomum A61K 36 / 48 ( 2006 .01 ) var. fargesii , Porandra ramosa , Annona glabra , Sterculia A61K 36 / 74 ( 2006 .01 ) pexa , Phoebe puwenensis , Myriopteron extensum , Croton ( 52 ) U . S . CI. lachnocarpa , Dillenia turbinata , Alpinia blepharocalyx , CPC . .. .. .. A61K 8 / 97 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 8 / 0212 Crotalaria spectabilis , Ficus lacor , Ravenala madagascar (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 36 / 14 (2013 .01 ) ; ACIK iensis , Cocculus orbiculatus, Drynaria fortunei , Acrachne 36 / 185 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 36 / 48 ( 2013 .01 ) ; racemosa , Pseuderanthemum polyanthum , Eriobotrys ser A61K 36 / 74 (2013 .01 ) ; A61Q 17 /04 ( 2013. 01 ) ; rata , Vernonia arborea , Adianthum caudatum , Phaseolus A610 19 / 00 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A610 19 /008 lunatus, Ipomoea cairica , Alopecurus aequalis , Arenga pin ( 2013 .01 ) ; A610 19 / 02 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A610 nata , Rhynchosia yunnanensis, Syzygium cumini, Clausena 19 /08 (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 2800 /782 (2013 .01 ) dunniana , Cyclosurus parasiticus, or Solanum carolinense . (58 ) Field of Classification Search ??? . .. .. A61K 8 / 97 15 Claims, 1 Drawing Sheet U . S . Patent Mar . 13 , 2018 US 9 ,913 ,798 B2 Plantmaterial (Powdered ) 800 - 1000g 400 g 1 . Soaked with 95 % EtOH , 1 . Soaked with armonia standing overnight at r . t . 2 . Extracted under reflux for 2 . Extracted under reflux with 3 times ( 2 hr, 1 hr , 1 hr. ) CHCl3 for 4 times , each 1 hr . 3 . Concentrated under 3 . Concentrated under reduced pressure reduced pressure Extract (1 ) Extract with enriched alkaloids (I ' ) 59 59 Mixed with 100 mlH2O Extracted wtih petroleum ether for 3 times, each 100 ml H20 Part Petroleum ether extract (II ) Extracted with CHCl3 for 3 times , each 100 ml H20 Part CHCI , Extract (III ) Extracted with n - BuoH for 3 times, each 100 ml H20 part and emulsion n -BuOH Extract ( IV ) Filtered and lyophilized H2O part ( V ) US 9 , 913 , 798 B2 TOPICAL SKIN CARE FORMULATIONS cream , a lotion , a solution , an anhydrous stick , a serum , etc . COMPRISING PLANT EXTRACTS The composition can include from about 0 .001 % to about 5 % by weight of said extract from Burretiodendron hsienmu, CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED from about 0 . 001 % to about 5 % by weight of said extract APPLICATIONS 5 from Bauhinia brachycarpa var . cavaleriei , and from about 0 .001 % to about 5 % by weight of said extract from Tetra This application is a continuation of U . S . patent applica centron sinense ( ranges inside and out side of the stated tion Ser. No . 14 / 104 , 193 filed Dec . 12 , 2013 , which is a range is also contemplated , e . g . , 0 .0001 % , 6 % , 7 % , 8 % , 9 % , continuation of U . S . patent application Ser . No. 13 / 888 , 068 10 % , 15 % , 20 % , and more ) . The composition can further filed May 6 , 2013 ( U . S . Pat. No. 8 ,636 , 989 ), which is a 10 include a moisturization agent, an antioxidant, a structuring continuation of U . S . patent application Ser . No. 13 /453 ,690 , or thickening agent, and /or an emulsifier ( examples of each filed Apr. 23 , 2012 ( U . S . Pat. No . 8 , 444 , 959 ) , which claims of these ingredients is provided below ) . The composition the benefit of U . S . Provisional Application No . 61 /477 , 812 , can further include a silicone containing compound and /or a filed Apr . 21, 2011. The contents of the referenced applica sunscreen agent (examples of these ingredients are also tions are incorporated into the present application by refer - 15 provided below ) . The extracts can be aqueous extracts , ence . alcoholic extracts , glycolic extracts , or oil extracts . In par ticular instances, the extracts are aqueous extracts . The BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION extracts can each be obtained from the whole plant of Burretiodendron hsienmu, Bauhinia brachycarpa var . cav A . Field of the Invention 20 aleriei, and Tetracentron sinense , or from any part of the The present invention relates generally to compositions plant thereof ( e . g . , root , stem , leaf , flower , seed ) at the that include one or any combination of plant extracts to treat exclusion of other parts of the plant. In particular instances , a variety of skin conditions. The extracts can be included in the extracts are aqueous extracts from the whole plants , topical skin compositions , edible compositions, injectible respectively . The composition can be formulated as a compositions , oral compositions, hair care compositions, 25 cleanser product, a toner product, a moisturizer product , or etc . a mask product . Additionally , each of the MMP - 1 inhibitors B . Description of Related Art can also have further functionalities that can be beneficial to Ageing , chronic exposure to adverse environmental fac - skin . For instance , the first MMP - 1 inhibitor can also be an tors , malnutrition , fatigue, etc . , can change the visual antioxidant, a lipoxygenase inhibitor , and a tyrosinase appearance , physical properties , or physiological functions 30 inhibitor. The second MMP - 1 inhibitor can also be an of skin in ways that are considered visually undesirable . The antioxidant and a lipoxygenase inhibitor. The third MMP - 1 most notable and obvious changes include the development inhibitor can also be an antioxidant . Further, the combined of fine lines and wrinkles, loss of elasticity , increased extracts can be used to treat a variety of skin conditions by sagging , loss of firmness , loss of color evenness or tone, applying a composition having said extracts to skin in need coarse surface texture, and mottled pigmentation . Less obvi - 35 of such treatment. As indicated above , the composition can ous , but measurable changes which occur as skin ages or be effective in inhibiting MMP- 1 activity in skin , which can endures chronic environmental insult include a general aid in reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles , reduction in cellular and tissue vitality, reduction in cell sagging skin , loose skin , and /or skin that has an overall aged replication rates , reduced cutaneous blood flow , reduced appearance . The composition can also inhibit lipoxygenase moisture content, accumulated errors in structure and func - 40 activity , which can further aid in the skin treatment process tion , alterations in the normal regulation of common bio - while having an added benefit of reducing sebum production chemical pathways, and a reduction in the skin ' s ability to in skin cells , thereby treating the appearance of oily skin . remodel and repair itself . Many of the alterations in appear - The composition can also inhibit tyrosinase activity , which ance and function of the skin are caused by changes in the is a key enzyme in the pathway for producing melanin . This
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  • A Segregated Assessment of Total Carbon Stocks by the Mode of Origin and Ecological Functions of Forests: Implication on Restoration Potential

    A Segregated Assessment of Total Carbon Stocks by the Mode of Origin and Ecological Functions of Forests: Implication on Restoration Potential

    120 International Forestry Review Vol.19(S4), 2017 A segregated assessment of total carbon stocks by the mode of origin and ecological functions of forests: implication on restoration potential P.R. NEUPANEa,b, A. GAULIa,b, T. MARASENIc, D. KÜBLERa, P. MUNDHENKa, M.V. DANGd and M. KÖHLa aInstitute for World Forestry, University of Hamburg, Germany bFriends of Nature, Nepal cInstitute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Australia dThai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] SUMMARY In depth understanding of variation of biomass and carbon pools in different forest ecosystems is crucial for monitoring, reporting and verifica- tion of forest carbon stocks in the context of forest landscape restoration (FLR). The study compares carbon stocks from five carbon pools by the mode of origin (natural vs planted forests) and ecological functions (Special use, Protection and Production forests) of the forests. An intensive forest carbon inventory was conducted in six communes of Dinh Hoa district, Vietnam. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was found to be the largest carbon pool. Mean SOC densities were not significantly different between natural forests and planted forests, but were significantly different among different forest types classified based on ecological functions. When considering the total of all carbon pools, mean carbon densities were neither significantly different between natural and planted forests, nor among Special use, Protection and Production forests. Our study provides evidence that different FLR interventions may provide equivalent potentials for increasing forest carbon stocks.