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New Species of Radiolitidae from the Bolu Area (W

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New Species of Radiolitidae from the Bolu Area (W Mineral Res. Expl. Bull., 116, 1-8, 1994 NEW SPECIES OF RADIOLITIDAE FROM THE BOLU AREA (W. BLACK-SEA) AND KOCAELİ PENINSULA Sacit ÖZER* ABSTRACT.- Five new species of Radiolitidae from the Maastrichtian of the Bolu area (Western Pontides) and Kocaeli Peninsula, are determined: Radiolites corporatus n.sp. Radiolites simpliformis n.sp., Durania carinata n.sp.. Sauvagesia sulcata n.sp. and Sauvagesia herekeiana n.sp. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is mainly to describe new species of the genera Radiolites Lamarck, Du- Some rudist genera of the Radiolitidae Gray rania Douville and Sauvagesia Choffat from the such as Radiolites Lamarck, Durania Douville and western Pontides and Kocaeli Peninsula. However, Sauvagesia Choffat have not yet been studied suf- stratigraphic features of the localities with radiolitids ficiently in Turkey. Only, some known species of are also presented. these genera have been described or presented by STRATIGRAPHY Bohm (1927), Noth (1931), Kuhn (1933) and Özer The late Senonian rudistid formations crop (1983) from the central and northwestern Turkey. out in some localities of western Pontides such as According to Özer (1988a, 1991), these rudist gen- north of Gökçesu and Bolu, and around Konuralp era have very wide distribution in the Pontides ac- and Yığılca. These formations are also observed cording to the other regions of Turkey. around Hereke in the Kocaeli Peninsula (Fig. 1). 2 Sacit ÖZER The Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy of the ites colliciatus Woodward, Hippurites nabresinensis western Pontides and Kocaeli Peninsula have Futterej, Hippurites sulcatoides Douville, Vaccinites been studied by Erguvanlı (1949), Altınlı (1968), Al- ultimus Milovanovic, Joufia cappadociensis (Cox), tınlı et al. (1970), Kaya and Dizer (1984a, b), Kaya Joufia reticulata Boehm, Radiolites corporatus et al. (1986a,b), Özer (1989b) and Özer et al. n.sp., Radiolites simpliformis n.sp., Salvagesia (1990). Stratigraphic features of the rudistid locali- herekeianan.sp., Durania sp. and Biradiolites sp. ties are as follows. In the Konuralp locality, the specimens of Konuralp and Yığılca localities: In these lo- Hippurites colliciatus are dominant, and the species calities (Fig. 1), the rudists are observed in the Ha- Joufia cappadociensis and Joufia reticulata are also tipler formation. This formation conformably over- represented by large specimens. lies the unfossiliferous Çamlı formation consisting The contact between the Hatipler and the of sandstones and mudstones (Fig. 2). According overlying Akveren formations is gradational (Fig. 2). to Stratigraphic position of the Çamlı formation in The Akveren formation consists of mudstones, clay- the Upper Senonian sequence, a Late Campanian ey limestones and limestones with planktonic fo- age has been assigned to it by Kaya et al. (1986a). raminifera indicating a Maastrichtian-Paleocene The Hatipler formation consists of sand- age (Kayaetal., 1986a). stones, mudstones and rudist bearing limestones. Gücükler locality: The rudists are very The rudists are very abundant in the northeast of sparse around Gücükler village (Fig. 1). The rudist Konuralp and northwest of Hatipler villages, where- bearing Gücükler formation rests unconformably on as they are sparse around Yığılca. The rudist fauna the Kırık-formation. (Fig. 2) consisting conglomer- consist of the forms indicating a Maastrichtian age, ates, and mudstones of Early Triassic age (Kaya as follows: Hippurites lapeirousei Goldfuss, Hippur- and Dizer, 1984 b). The rudists are not well pre- NEW SPECIES OF RADIOLITIDAE FROM THE BOLU AREA 3 served generally are severely fractured. Some rud- Material: One sample with lower and upper ists such as Vaccinites loftusi Woodward, Hippur- valves and one sample with partly preserved upper ites sp., Biradiolites sp., Radiolites sp. and the new valve. species Durania carinata n.sp. and Sauvagesia sul- cata n.sp. have been determined. According to Derivation of name: corporatus- because of Kaya and Dizer (1984b), the age of the Gücükler the valve's being massive and strong. formation is Maastrichtian because of the presence Holotype: PI. I, fig. 1, 2, 4, sample no: PK 19, the benthonic foraminifers such as Orbitoides medi- the laboratory of Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir. us d'Archiac and Siderolites calcitropoides La- marck. Diagnosis: Lower valve cylindrical, massive The Gücükler formation is overlain uncon- and big. Outer lamellae thin, upturned towards the formably by the Fındıcak formation (Kaya and upper part of the valve densey undulating around Dizer, 1984b) of Maastrichtian Paleocene age. the periphery of the valve. Lamellae are represent- Hereke area: The rudists are very abundant ed by a wide curve on the ventral side only. Siphon- in this area (Özer, 1988b, 1992; Özer et al., 1990) al bands concave. Interband slightly bulge and very and they are observed in the Akveren formation ly- wide. Ligamental ridge thin, long and truncated at ing directly on the Triassic rocks (Fig. 1, 2). The ba- the top. Upper valve conical and inclined towards sal section of the Akveren formation consists of red the cardinal area. conglomerates, bioclastic limestones, rudist bear- ing sandy limestones and mudstones presenting fa- Description: The lower valve is cyclindrical, cies changes. The upper section of the formation is massive, big and 85 to 90 mm in length. The diam- made of marls and mudstones with planktonic fo- eter in the commissure is approximately equal to raminifera indicating a Maastrichtian-Paleocene the length of the valve. Outer lamellae are thin, up- age (Kayaetal., 1986b; Özer et al., 1990). turned towards the upper part of the valve and reg- The rudist bearing limestones include Hip- ularly and densely undulating around the whole pe- purites lapeirousei Goldfuss, Hippurites nabresi- riphery of the valve. Lamellae are formed partly nensis Futterer, Hippurite? cornucopiae Defranee, bulge irregular costae. Outer lamellae represent Vaccinites braciensis Sladic-Trifunovic, Vaccinites only a wide undulation in the ventral side of the ultimus Milocanovic, Pironaea timacensis,Milova- valve which results also an undulation at the com- novic, Joufia cappadociensis (Cox), Sabinia klin- missure line (Plate I, fig. 2). The siphonal bands are ghardti Böhm, Pseudopolyconites ovalis Milovanov- ic, Miseia hekimhanensis Karacabey-Öztemür, clearly observed and concave. Posterior band (S) is Gorjanovicia sp., Plagiopthycus sp., Bournonia sp., marked with a 15 mm wide groove and it is wider Sauvagesia sp., Sauvagesia herekeiana n.sp. and than the anterior band (E). Interband (I) is slightly Radiolites simpliformis n.sp. which indicate prob- convex, very wide (35 mm) and it consists of the la- ably and Early Maastrichtian age. mellae which upturn towards the upper part of the valve. The shell wall of the valve is prismatic and PALEONTOLOGY consists of irregular, small and polygonal cells. The Class: BIVALVIA thickness of the pristamic layer is not same every- where; it is 30 to 35 mm between the cardinal area Order: Hippuritoida Newell, 1965 and ventral region, whereas only 15 to 20 mm in Super family: Hippuritacea Gray, 1848 the siphonal region (Plate I, fig. 3). Ligamental ridge is thin, long (7-8 mm) and it is truncated at the top. Family: Radiolitidae Gray, 1848 The teeth are not same size and well observed. Subfamily: Radiolitinae Gray, 1848 The myophores are partly preserved. Genus: Radiolites Lamarck, 1801 The upper valve is conical, inclined towards the cardinal area and 28 mm in height (Plate I, fig. Radiolites corporatus n.sp. 1,4). The surface of the valve is ornamented by the (Plate I, fig. 1-4) cyclic growth lamellae. 4 Sacit ÖZER Discussion: The new species somewhzt re- al bands. Outer layer consists of small and polygo- sembles Radiolites crassus Polsak by the conical naj.cells. This layer is thinner in the ventral and dor- upper valve, short and big lower valve (Polsak, sal side than those of the cardinal area and siphon- 1967). But it differs from R. crassus Polsak by the al zone (Plate II, fig. 3). Ligamental ridge is thin, concave siphonal bands, thin lamellae, long liga- short, truncated and slightly widen at the top. The mental ridge and evidently a massive valve. teeth and myophores are not preserved. The new species presents some similarities The upper valve is flat and smooth. to Radiolites sauvagesi (d'Hombres-Firmas) by the structure of the siphonal bands (d'Orbigny, 1847; Discussion: The new species resembles to Toucas, 1909; Polsak, 1967); however it distin- Radiolites mamillaris Matheron by the shape of the guishs from R.sauvagesia (d'Hombres-Firmas) by siphonal bands (Matheron, 1842; Parona, 1912; the undulation of the commissure line, the shape of Polsak, 1967). But, it differs from this species by outer lamellae in the ventral side of the lower valve the less developped siphonal bands and horizontal and especially short and massive lower valve. position of the outer lamellae. The new species can be compared by the shape of the outer lamellae Type locality: Holotype northeastern Konu- with Radiolites sauvagesi (d'Hombres-Firmas) ralp (Bolu), paratypes northwestern Hatipler and which is determined by Polsak (1967, Plate 35, fig. Konuralp (Bolu). 4). However, it differs from this sample by the very Type level: Maastrichtian. narrow and very simple structure of interband and less development of the siphonal bands. Radiolites simpliformis n.sp. Type locality: Holotype Yığılca (Bolu), para- (Plate II,fig. 1-3) types Hereke (Kocaeli) and Konuralp (Bolu). Material: One sample with lower and upper Type level: Maastrichtian. valves and three lower valves. Genus: Durania Douville, 1908. Derivation of name: Because of the very sim- ple structure of the siphonal region and outer lamel- Durania carinata n.sp. lae. (Plate III, fig. 4-6) Holotype: Plate II, fig. 2, 3, sample no: PY Material: One sample with lower and lower 12, the laboratory of Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir. valves and one lower valve. Diagnosis: Lower valve conical. Outer lamel- Derivation of name: Because of presence of lae in horizontal position throughout the periphery of the lower valve. Siphonal region with very simple a caren in the ventral side of the lower valve.
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