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Star Asterias Rubens
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.04.425292; this version posted January 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. How to build a sea star V9 The development and neuronal complexity of bipinnaria larvae of the sea star Asterias rubens Hugh F. Carter*, †, Jeffrey R. Thompson*, ‡, Maurice R. Elphick§, Paola Oliveri*, ‡, 1 The first two authors contributed equally to this work *Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom †Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom ‡UCL Centre for Life’s Origins and Evolution (CLOE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom §School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom 1Corresponding Author: [email protected], Office: (+44) 020-767 93719, Fax: (+44) 020 7679 7193 Keywords: indirect development, neuropeptides, muscle, echinoderms, neurogenesis 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.04.425292; this version posted January 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. How to build a sea star V9 Abstract Free-swimming planktonic larvae are a key stage in the development of many marine phyla, and studies of these organisms have contributed to our understanding of major genetic and evolutionary processes. -
High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project
High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project AEA Technology, Environment Contract: W/35/00632/00/00 For: The Department of Trade and Industry New & Renewable Energy Programme Report issued 30 August 2002 (Version with minor corrections 16 September 2002) Keith Hiscock, Harvey Tyler-Walters and Hugh Jones Reference: Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H. & Jones, H. 2002. High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project. Report from the Marine Biological Association to The Department of Trade and Industry New & Renewable Energy Programme. (AEA Technology, Environment Contract: W/35/00632/00/00.) Correspondence: Dr. K. Hiscock, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB. [email protected] High level environmental screening study for offshore wind farm developments – marine habitats and species ii High level environmental screening study for offshore wind farm developments – marine habitats and species Title: High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments – Marine Habitats and Species Project. Contract Report: W/35/00632/00/00. Client: Department of Trade and Industry (New & Renewable Energy Programme) Contract management: AEA Technology, Environment. Date of contract issue: 22/07/2002 Level of report issue: Final Confidentiality: Distribution at discretion of DTI before Consultation report published then no restriction. Distribution: Two copies and electronic file to DTI (Mr S. Payne, Offshore Renewables Planning). One copy to MBA library. Prepared by: Dr. K. Hiscock, Dr. H. Tyler-Walters & Hugh Jones Authorization: Project Director: Dr. Keith Hiscock Date: Signature: MBA Director: Prof. S. Hawkins Date: Signature: This report can be referred to as follows: Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H. -
BIOLOGY and METHODS of CONTROLLING the STARFISH, Asterias Forbesi {DESOR}
BIOLOGY AND METHODS OF CONTROLLING THE STARFISH, Asterias forbesi {DESOR} By Victor L. Loosanoff Biological Laboratory Bureau of Commercial Fisheries U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Milford, Connecticut CONTENTS Page Introduction. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... 1 Distribution and occurrence....................................................... 2 Food and feeding ...................................................................... 3 Methods of controL........................................ ........................... 5 Mechanical methods : Starfish mop...................................................... .................. 5 Oyster dredge... ........................ ............. ..... ... ...................... 5 Suction dredge..................................................................... 5 Underwater plow ..... ............................................................. 6 Chemical methods .................................................................. 6 Quicklime............................. ........................... ................... 7 Salt solution......... ........................................ ......... ............. 8 Organic chemicals....... ..... ... .... .................. ........ ............. ...... 9 Utilization of starfish................................................................ 11 References..... ............................................................... ........ 11 INTRODUCTION Even in the old days, when the purchas ing power of the dollar was much higher, The starfish has long -
A New Species of Bathyal Nemertean, Proamphiporus Kaimeiae Sp
Species Diversity 25: 183–188 Published online 8 August 2020 DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.25.183 A New Species of Bathyal Nemertean, Proamphiporus kaimeiae sp. nov., off Tohoku, Japan, and Molecular Systematics of the Genus (Nemertea: Monostilifera) Natsumi Hookabe1,2,5, Shinji Tsuchida3, Yoshihiro Fujiwara3, and Hiroshi Kajihara4 1 Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan E-mail: [email protected] 2 Present address: Misaki Marine Biological Station, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Miura, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan E-mail: [email protected] 3 Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan 4 Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan 5 Corresponding author (Received 21 October 2019; Accepted 15 April 2020) http://zoobank.org/71D0D145-2CE7-4592-BD82-C67EAA0A41E5 The monostiliferous hoplonemertean Proamphiporus kaimeiae sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen collect- ed from the bottom of the Northwest Pacific, 262 m deep, off Tohoku in Japan, by use of a remotely operated vehicle during a cruise organized by Tohoku Ecosystem-Associated Marine Sciences (TEAMS) research project in 2019. The position of the cerebral organs in the new species, being posterior to the proboscis insertion, is unusual for Eumonostilifera, which is one of the diagnostic traits of the so-far monospecific Proamphiporus Chernyshev and Polyakova, 2019, and Amphiporus rectangulus Strand, Herrera-Bachiller, Nygren, and Kånneby, 2014. The latter is herein transferred to Proamphiporus to yield a new combination, Proamphiporus rectangulus comb. nov., based on the reported internal morphology. Molecular phylo- genetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and histone H3 genes placed P. -
Bollettino Imp. (9-12-2008)
Boll. Malacol., 44 (9-12): 135-140 (2008) Observations on Cardium duregnei Monterosato, 1891 ex de Boury ms and C. gibbum Locard, 1892 (Bivalvia, Cardiidae) Rafael La Perna* * Dipartimento Abstract di Geologia e Geofisica, Cardium duregnei Monterosato, 1891 ex de Boury ms and C. gibbum Locard, 1892, are considered syn- Università di Bari, onyms of Acanthocardia echinata (Linné, 1758). They seems to be a lagoon ecophenotype, adapted to Via Orabona 4, shallow water, sheltered environments, with low salinity and eutrophic conditions. Morphologically, this 70125 Bari, Italy, [email protected] form is characterized by a sturdy shell, with bipartite radial ribs and poorly developed spines. It is known for sure only from the Gulf of Gascony, but a wider occurrence cannot be excluded. Riassunto Cardium duregnei Monterosato, 1891 ex de Boury ms e C. gibbum Locard, 1892 sono considerati sinonimi di Acanthocardia echinata (Linné, 1758). Essi sembrano rappresentare un particolare ecofenotipo laguna- re, adattato ad ambienti riparati, di bassa profondità, con salinità bassa e condizioni eutrofiche. Questa forma è caratterizzata da conchiglia particolarmente robusta, con costole radiali dimidiate e spine poco sviluppate. Essa è nota con certezza solo per il Golfo di Guascogna, ma non si può escludere una distribu- zione geografica e stratigrafica più ampia. Key words Cardiidae, Acanthocardia, variability, ecophenotypes, Gulf of Gascony, Mediterranean. Introduction et l’Océan, rare dans la Méditerranée; zone littorale. - Edu- le”. Few years later, Locard (1896) reported C. bullatum Several records in the past literature refer to Cardium from the Gulf of Gascony as C. duregnei de Boury ms. duregnei Monterosato, 1891 ex de Boury ms, either as a Bucquoy et al. -
Predator and Scavenger Aggregation to Discarded By-Catch from Dredge Fisheries: Importance of Damage Level
Journal of Sea Research 51 (2004) 69–76 www.elsevier.com/locate/seares Short Communication Predator and scavenger aggregation to discarded by-catch from dredge fisheries: importance of damage level S.R. Jenkinsa,b,*, C. Mullena, A.R. Branda a Port Erin Marine Laboratory (University of Liverpool), Port Erin, Isle of Man, British Isles, IM9 6JA, UK b Marine Biological Association, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK Received 23 October 2002; accepted 22 May 2003 Abstract Predator and scavenger aggregation to simulated discards from a scallop dredge fishery was investigated in the north Irish Sea using an in situ underwater video to determine differences in the response to varying levels of discard damage. The rate and magnitude of scavenger and predator aggregation was assessed using three different types of bait, undamaged, lightly damaged and highly damaged individuals of the great scallop Pecten maximus. In each treatment scallops were agitated for 40 minutes in seawater to simulate the dredging process, then subjected to the appropriate damage level before being tethered loosely in front of the video camera. The density of predators and scavengers at undamaged scallops was low and equivalent to recorded periods with no bait. Aggregation of a range of predators and scavengers occurred at damaged bait. During the 24 hour period following baiting there was a trend of increasing magnitude of predator abundance with increasing damage level. However, badly damaged scallops were eaten quickly and lightly damaged scallops attracted a higher overall magnitude of predator abundance over a longer 4 day period. Large scale temporal variability in predator aggregation to simulated discarded biota was examined by comparison of results with those of a previous study, at the same site, 4 years previously. -
Morphometric and Systematic Study on Three Acanthocardia Species from the Mediterranean Pleistocene (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Cardiidae)
Morphometric and systematic study on three Acanthocardia species from the Mediterranean Pleistocene (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Cardiidae) Rafael LA PERNA Mauro D’ABRAMO Università di Bari, Dipartimento di Geologia e Geofi sica, via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari (Italy) [email protected] La Perna R. & D’Abramo M. 2009. — Morphometric and systematic study on three Acan- thocardia species from the Mediterranean Pleistocene (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Cardiidae). Geo- diversitas 31 (3) : 669-682. ABSTRACT Th e cardiids Acanthocardia echinata (Linnaeus, 1758), A. deshayesii (Payrau- deau, 1826) and A. lunulata (Seguenza, 1879) co-occur in the Mediterranean Pleistocene and are closely similar to each other, even partially overlapping in shell morphology. Of these, only A. echinata is fairly well known. Acanthocardia deshayesii has been considered a subspecies or even a synonym of A. echinata, KEY WORDS Mollusca, whereas A. lunulata, only known from the original description, has been confused Bivalvia, with A. deshayesii. Th e univariate and multivariate morphometric analysis on six Cardiidae, Acanthocardia, shell characters substantiates the distinct taxonomic status of the three species. morphometry, Acanthocardia mucronata (Poli, 1791), Cardium duregnei Monterosato, 1891 systematics, and C. bullatum Locard, 1892 are considered synonyms of A. echinata. Cardium Mediterranean, Recent, propexum Monterosato, 1891 is proved to be a synonym of A. lunulata, an extinct Pleistocene. species probably endemic to the Mediterranean, like A. deshayesii. RÉSUMÉ Étude morphométrique et systématique de trois espèces du genre Acanthocardia du Pléistocène méditerranéen (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Cardiidae). Acanthocardia echinata (Linnaeus, 1758), A. deshayesii (Payraudeau, 1826) et A. lunulata (Seguenza, 1879) apparaissent dans le Pleistocène méditerranéen et sont très similaires, la morphologie des coquilles se recouvrant parfois. -
On the Fauna of Corallina Officinalis L
T~' Lt CL i:cJ:> i \lvVl Le (/Vl k'>~tj ; U B. 1> ! "I't,:<A.t.>U-'> k' If'/, t S'(,-.'-c k' "L K~. /3<- r-~-0-l,\ 2 Cf/.y - I:.:i( li--re. J)O"l/l,,- \.-1,\_ (;,..-:' H._ c>'(, HOVEDFAGSOPPGAVE I MARIN ZOOLOGI T.IL MAT.EMAT lSK-NATJJRVIT.ENSKAP EL la. EMBETSEKSAMEN ON THE FAUNA OF CORALLINA OFFlCINALIS L.' by Are Dommasnes CONTENTS Page; ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTIOt-l 1 THE LOCALITIES 2 THE GROWTH TYPES OF CORALLINA OFFICINALIS 5 TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY 6 COLLECTION AND EXAMINATION OF THE SAMPLES 7 THE FAUNA 9 Foraminifera 9 Cnidaria 10 Turbellaria 10 Nemertini 10 Nematoda 10 Polychaeta 11 Harpacticoida 13 Ostracoda 13 Isopoda 14 Tanaidacea 16 Amphipoda 16 Decapoda 19 Insecta 20 Halacaridae 20 Pycnogonida 20 Gastropoda 20 Bivalvia 22 Bryozoa 24 Echinodermata 25 Ascidiacea 25 DISCUSSION 26 The size of the animals 26 Effects of the wave exposure 27 Food and feeding-biology 29 Predation from animals living outside the Corallina growth 33 SOME COMMENTS, A~D SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH ON THE FAUNA OF CORALLIlIJA OFFICINALIS 34 SUMJ.VIARY 36 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 37 REFERENCES 38 ABSTRACT The fauna of Corallina officinalis has been studied at three localities south of Bergen, Norway. A list of species is given. A distinct distribution pattern is shown for some species, and this is discussed with reference to the wave exposure. The feeding-biology of the fauna is also discussed and some suggestions are given for future research on the fauna of Corallina officinalis. -I NTRODUCT I01~ When this rese~rch work started, my intention was to find (1) which animals lived in the Qorallina growths (2) how the fauna varied with wave exposure (3) how the fauna varied with depth and (4) the seasonal variations during the year. -
Plymouth Sound and Estuaries SAC: Kelp Forest Condition Assessment 2012
Plymouth Sound and Estuaries SAC: Kelp Forest Condition Assessment 2012. Final report Report Number: ER12-184 Performing Company: Sponsor: Natural England Ecospan Environmental Ltd Framework Agreement No. 22643/04 52 Oreston Road Ecospan Project No: 12-218 Plymouth Devon PL9 7JH Tel: 01752 402238 Email: [email protected] www.ecospan.co.uk Ecospan Environmental Ltd. is registered in England No. 5831900 ISO 9001 Plymouth Sound and Estuaries SAC: Kelp Forest Condition Assessment 2012. Author(s): M D R Field Approved By: M J Hutchings Date of Approval: December 2012 Circulation 1. Gavin Black Natural England 2. Angela gall Natural England 2. Mike Field Ecospan Environmental Ltd ER12-184 Page 1 of 46 Plymouth Sound and Estuaries SAC: Kelp Forest Condition Assessment 2012. Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... 3 2 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 4 3 OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................................................... 5 4 SAMPLING STRATEGY ...................................................................................................... 6 5 METHODS ......................................................................................................................... 8 5.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................... -
A Systematic Revision of the Asterinid Genus Aquilonastra O'loughlin
Memoirs of Museum Victoria 63(2): 257–287 (2006) ISSN 1447-2546 (Print) 1447-2554 (On-line) http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/memoirs/index.asp A systematic revision of the asterinid genus Aquilonastra OʼLoughlin, 2004 (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) P. M ARK OʼLOUGHLIN1 AND FRANCIS W.E. ROWE2 1Honorary Associate, Marine Biology Section, Museum Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia ([email protected]) 2Research Associate, Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW, Australia ([email protected]). Private address: Beechcroft, Norwich Road, Scole, Diss, Norfolk, IP21 4DY, U.K. Abstract OʼLoughlin, P. Mark and Rowe, Francis W.E. A systematic revision of the asterinid genus Aquilonastra OʼLoughlin, 2004 (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 63(2): 257–287. The Indo-west Pacifi c Aquilonastra OʼLoughlin is reviewed. Eleven species are retained in Aquilonastra: A. anomala (H.L. Clark); A. batheri (Goto); A. burtonii (Gray); A. cepheus (Müller and Troschel); A. corallicola (Marsh); A. coronata (Martens); A. iranica (Mortensen); A. limboonkengi (Smith); A. minor (Hayashi); A. rosea (H.L. Clark); A. scobinata (Livingstone). Asterina lorioli Koehler is reassigned to Aquilonastra. Thirteen new species are described: A. byrneae; A. colemani; A. conandae; A. doranae; A. halseyae; A. marshae; A. moosleitneri; A. oharai; A. richmondi; A. rowleyi; A. samyni; A. watersi; A. yairi. The four subspecies of Asterina coronata Martens are junior synonyms: Asterina coronata cristata Fisher; Asterina coronata euerces Fisher; Asterina coronata fascicularis Fisher; Asterina coronata forma japonica Hayashi. The 13 fi ssiparous Red Sea specimens described by Perrier as Asteriscus wega are the syntypes. Asteriscus wega Perrier is a junior synonym of Asterina burtonii Gray. -
Rocky Shore Guide
Welcome to The Seashore Code Help protect Devon’s special coastline by Wembury following the Seashore Code every time you go rockpooling. Right way up! Enjoy looking under rocks but always replace them carefully, just how you found them. Devon Wildlife Trust’s One at a time Guide to common seaweeds Always put seawater in your Wembury in South Devon is a magnet for wildlife bucket first and no more than one – its rocky cliffs are home to nesting seabirds and and rocky shore species creature at a time. the rocky shore, slate reefs and massive wave-cut platforms provide one of the United Kingdom’s best No nets! spots for marine life. Wembury and the surrounding Be gentle catching animals in coastline form a Marine Conservation Area (MCA), a rockpools – use your hands, not Special Area of Conservation (SAC), a Site of Special nets. Scientific Interest (SSSI) and form part of the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). Put me back These go some way to shielding it from human Many animals have special homes pressures. so always return them to where they were found. Managed by Devon Wildlife Trust, Wembury Marine Centre is the ideal place to learn about the Watch your step! surrounding marine environment and its wildlife Take care not to damage seashore through regular rockpool and snorkel safaris, school creatures underfoot or by pulling visits and other marine-themed events. The Centre them off rocks. also explains the part you can play in protecting your local marine environment, following The Wildlife Be safe; be kind Trusts’ Living Seas strategy. -
Metabarcoding Analysis on European Coastal Samples Reveals New
1 A research a rticle submitted to Scientific Reports 2 3 Metabarcoding analysis on European coastal samples 4 reveals new molecular metazoan diversity 5 6 David López -Escardó 1, Jordi Paps 2, Colomban de Vargas 3,4 , Ramon Massana 5, Iñaki 7 Ruiz -Trillo 1,6,7* , Javier del Campo 1,8* 8 Supplementary Figure Legends and Table s 9 Fig. S 1: Box plot distribution of relative metazoan abundance compar ed with all 10 eukaryotes. Relative abundance of metazoans compared to all eukaryotes in (a) 11 different oxic pelagic fractions, (b) different sites and in ( c) different depths. Note that 12 data is provided from just one sample in the anoxic sediments. 13 Fig. S2: Rarefaction curves . Rarefaction curves calculated with vegan from the 14 samples divided (a) by template (RNA or DNA) or (b) by env ironment keepig as well 15 divided the samples from RNA ( discontinuous line) or DNA ( continuous line ). Both 16 plots show the rarefaction curve of all the samples. 17 Fig. S3: Jackknife clustering analysis of phylogenetic composition of the samples . 18 The chart repr esents the relative abundance within metazoan phyla in each sample. 19 Samples from extracellular DNA and the ones with less than 100 reads (DNA+RNA) 20 were removed from the analysis. Sample characteristics are expressed in colors. On 21 the right site there is th e legend. RNA and DNA are expressed in white and black 22 respectively. Picoplanktonic, nanoplanktonic, micromesoplanktonic samples and the 23 samples from the sediments are representedwith yellow, green, dark red and purple 24 respectively.