BIOLOGY and METHODS of CONTROLLING the STARFISH, Asterias Forbesi {DESOR}
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Star Asterias Rubens
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.04.425292; this version posted January 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. How to build a sea star V9 The development and neuronal complexity of bipinnaria larvae of the sea star Asterias rubens Hugh F. Carter*, †, Jeffrey R. Thompson*, ‡, Maurice R. Elphick§, Paola Oliveri*, ‡, 1 The first two authors contributed equally to this work *Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom †Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom ‡UCL Centre for Life’s Origins and Evolution (CLOE), University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom §School of Biological & Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom 1Corresponding Author: [email protected], Office: (+44) 020-767 93719, Fax: (+44) 020 7679 7193 Keywords: indirect development, neuropeptides, muscle, echinoderms, neurogenesis 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.04.425292; this version posted January 4, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. How to build a sea star V9 Abstract Free-swimming planktonic larvae are a key stage in the development of many marine phyla, and studies of these organisms have contributed to our understanding of major genetic and evolutionary processes. -
Illinois Fossils Doc 2005
State of Illinois Illinois Department of Natural Resources Illinois Fossils Illinois Department of Natural Resources he Illinois Fossils activity book from the Illinois Department of Natural Resources’ (IDNR) Division of Education is designed to supplement your curriculum in a vari- ety of ways. The information and activities contained in this publication are targeted toT grades four through eight. The Illinois Fossils resources trunk and lessons can help you T teach about fossils, too. You will find these and other supplemental items through the Web page at https://www2.illinois.gov/dnr/education/Pages/default.aspx. Contact the IDNR Division of Education at 217-524-4126 or [email protected] for more information. Collinson, Charles. 2002. Guide for beginning fossil hunters. Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Geoscience Education Series 15. 49 pp. Frankie, Wayne. 2004. Guide to rocks and minerals of Illinois. Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Geoscience Education Series 16. 71 pp. Killey, Myrna M. 1998. Illinois’ ice age legacy. Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, Illinois. Geoscience Education Series 14. 67 pp. Much of the material in this book is adapted from the Illinois State Geological Survey’s (ISGS) Guide for Beginning Fossil Hunters. Special thanks are given to Charles Collinson, former ISGS geologist, for the use of his fossil illustrations. Equal opportunity to participate in programs of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) and those funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other agencies is available to all individuals regardless of race, sex, national origin, disability, age, reli-gion or other non-merit factors. -
Energetics of Larval Swimming and Metamorphosis in Four Species of Bugula (Bryozoa)
Energetics of Larval Swimming and Metamorphosis in Four Species of Bugula (Bryozoa) DEAN E. WENDT* Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 Abstract. The amount of energy available to larvae dur Introduction ing swimming, location of a suitable recruitment site, and metamorphosis influences the length of time they can spend The larval life of many marine invertebrates is character in the plankton. Energetic parameters such as swimming ized by three distinct phases. The first, a swimming phase, speed, oxygen consumption during swimming and meta is both a means of dispersal and, in planktotrophic larvae, a morphosis, and elemental carbon and nitrogen content were time to sequester the energy needed for larval development measured for larvae of four species of bryozoans, Bugula and metamorphosis. The two subsequent phases—settle neritina, B. simplex, B. stolonifera, and B. turrita. The ment and metamorphosis—can be temporally distinct, as in larvae of these species are aplanktotrophic with a short some echinoderm larvae (e.g., Strathmann, 1974), or tightly free-swimming phase ranging from less than one hour to a coupled, as in bryozoan larvae (e.g., Ryland, 1974). That the maximum of about 36 hours. There is about a fivefold duration of the larval swimming phase can have detrimental difference in larval volume among the four species, which effects on the latter two phases of the life cycle has been scales linearly with elemental carbon content and, presum demonstrated for several species in at least three phyla, ably, with the amount of endogenous reserves available for including bryozoans (Nielson, 1981; Woollacott et al., 1989; Orellana and Cancino, 1991; Hunter and Fusetani, swimming and metamorphosis. -
Evidence That Microorganisms at the Animal-Water Interface Drive Sea Star Wasting Disease
UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Previously Published Works Title Evidence That Microorganisms at the Animal-Water Interface Drive Sea Star Wasting Disease. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/48k360d8 Authors Aquino, Citlalli A Besemer, Ryan M DeRito, Christopher M et al. Publication Date 2020 DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2020.610009 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California fmicb-11-610009 December 21, 2020 Time: 14:20 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 06 January 2021 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.610009 Evidence That Microorganisms at the Animal-Water Interface Drive Sea Star Wasting Disease Citlalli A. Aquino1†, Ryan M. Besemer2†, Christopher M. DeRito3, Jan Kocian4, Ian R. Porter5, Peter T. Raimondi6, Jordan E. Rede3, Lauren M. Schiebelhut7, Jed P. Sparks8, John P. Wares9 and Ian Hewson3* 1 Department of Biology, Estuary and Ocean Science Center, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, CA, United States, 2 Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States, 3 Department Edited by: of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 4 Unaffiliated Researcher, Freeland, WA, United States, Feng Chen, 5 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 6 Institute University of Maryland Center of Marine Sciences, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, for Environmental Science (UMCES), United States, 7 Life and Environmental -
Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY OF THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION AT WOODS HOLE, MASSACHUSETTS. THE ECHINODERMS OE THE WOODS HOLE REGION. BY HUBERT LYMAN CLARK, Professor of Biology Olivet College .. , F. C. B. 1902—35 545 G’G-HTEMrS. Page. Echinoidea: Page. Introduction 547-550 Key to the species 562 Key to the classes 551 Arbacia punctlilata 563 Asteroidea: Strongylocentrotus drbbachiensis 563 Key to the species 552 Echinaiachnius parma 564 Asterias forbesi 552 Mellita pentapora 565 Asterias vulgaris 553 Holothurioidea: Asterias tenera 554 Key to the species 566 Asterias austera 555 Cucumaria frondosa 566 Cribrella sanguinolenta 555 Cucumaria plulcherrkna 567 Solaster endeca 556 Thyone briareus 567 Ophiuroidea: Thyone scabra 568 Key to the species 558 Thyone unisemita 569 Ophiura brevi&pina 558 Caudina arenata 569 Ophioglypha robusta 558 Trocliostoma oolitieum 570 Ophiopholis aculeata 559 Synapta inhaerens 571 Amphipholi.s squamata 560 Synapta roseola 571 _ Gorgonocephalus agassizii , 561 Bibliography 572-574 546 THE ECHINODERMS OF THE WOODS HOLE REGION. By HUBERT LYMAN CLARK, Professor of Biology , Olivet College. As used in this report, the Woods Hole region includes that part of I he New England coast easily accessible in one-day excursions by steamer from the U. S. Fish Commission station at Woods Hole, Mass. The northern point of Cape Cod is the limit in one direction, and New London, Conn., is the opposite extreme. Seaward the region would naturally extend to about the 100- fathom line, but for the purposes of this report the 50-fathom line has been taken as the limit, the reason for this being that as the Gulf Stream is approached we meet with an echinodcrm fauna so totally different from that along shore that the two have little in common. -
Marine Invertebrate Field Guide
Marine Invertebrate Field Guide Contents ANEMONES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 AGGREGATING ANEMONE (ANTHOPLEURA ELEGANTISSIMA) ............................................................................................................................... 2 BROODING ANEMONE (EPIACTIS PROLIFERA) ................................................................................................................................................... 2 CHRISTMAS ANEMONE (URTICINA CRASSICORNIS) ............................................................................................................................................ 3 PLUMOSE ANEMONE (METRIDIUM SENILE) ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 BARNACLES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ACORN BARNACLE (BALANUS GLANDULA) ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 HAYSTACK BARNACLE (SEMIBALANUS CARIOSUS) .............................................................................................................................................. 4 CHITONS ........................................................................................................................................................................................... -
The Sea Stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): Their Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Utilization OPEN ACCESS
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328063815 The Sea Stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): Their Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Utilization OPEN ACCESS Article · January 2018 CITATIONS READS 0 6 5 authors, including: Ferdinard Olisa Megwalu World Fisheries University @Pukyong National University (wfu.pknu.ackr) 3 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Population Dynamics. View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ferdinard Olisa Megwalu on 04 October 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Review Article Published: 17 Sep, 2018 SF Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering The Sea Stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): Their Biology, Ecology, Evolution and Utilization Rahman MA1*, Molla MHR1, Megwalu FO1, Asare OE1, Tchoundi A1, Shaikh MM1 and Jahan B2 1World Fisheries University Pilot Programme, Pukyong National University (PKNU), Nam-gu, Busan, Korea 2Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh Abstract The Sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) are comprising of a large and diverse groups of sessile marine invertebrates having seven extant orders such as Brisingida, Forcipulatida, Notomyotida, Paxillosida, Spinulosida, Valvatida and Velatida and two extinct one such as Calliasterellidae and Trichasteropsida. Around 1,500 living species of starfish occur on the seabed in all the world's oceans, from the tropics to subzero polar waters. They are found from the intertidal zone down to abyssal depths, 6,000m below the surface. Starfish typically have a central disc and five arms, though some species have a larger number of arms. The aboral or upper surface may be smooth, granular or spiny, and is covered with overlapping plates. -
Atlantic Seabirds
Atlantic Seabirds Vol. t. 110 . 2 ( / 999) Quarter ly journ al ofThe Seabird Group and the Dutch Seab ird Group Atlantic Seabirds Edited by Cl. Camphuysen & J.B. Reid ATLANTIC SEABIRDS is the quarterly journal of the SEABIRD GROUP and the DUTCH SEABIRD GROUP (Nederlandse Zeevogelgroep, NZG), and is the continuance of their respective journals, SEABIRD (following no. 20, 1998) and SULA (following vol. 12 no. 4, 1998). ATLANTIC SEABIRDS will publish papers and short communications on any aspect of seabird biology and these will be peer-reviewed. The geographical focus of the journal is the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas at all latitudes, but contributions are also welcome from other parts of the world provided they are of general interest. ATLANTIC SEABIRDS is indexed in the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries abstracts, Ecology Abstracts and Animal Behaviour Abstracts of Cambridge Scientific databases and journals. The SEABIRD GROUP and the DUTCH SEABIRD GROUP retain copyright and written permission must be sought from the editors before any figure, table or plate, or extensive part of the text is reproduced. Such permission will not be denied unreasonably, but will be granted only after consultation with the relevant authons), Editors: c.r. Camphuysen (N~G), Ankerstraat 20, 1794 BJ Oosterend, Texel, The Netherlands, tel/fax + 31222318744, e-mail [email protected] Dr J.B. Reid (Seabird Group), clo Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), Dunnet House, 7 Thistle Place, Aberdeen AB10 1UZ, Scotland, Ll.K, e-mail [email protected]. Offers of papers should be addressed to either editor. Editorial board: Dr S. -
Seashore Pocket Guide
. y a B e e L d n a n i t r a M e b m o C , h t u o m n y L ) e v o b a ( . e m i t m e h t e v i g u o y f i e c i v e r c n e d d i h a m o r f t u o . a n i l l a r o c d n a e s l u d s a h c u s s d e e w a e s b a r C e l b i d E k u . v o g . k r a p l a n o i t a n - r o o m x e . w w w e r a t s a o c s ’ r o o m x E n o e f i l d l i w e r o h s a e s k c a b e v o m n e t f o l l i w s b a r c d n a h s i F . l l i t s y r e v g n i p e e k d e r r e v o c s i d n a c u o y s l o o p k c o r r o f k o o l o t s e c a l p e t i r u o v a f r u o f o e m o S , g n i h c t a w e m i t d n e p S . -
Injury Affects Coelomic Fluid Proteome of the Common Starfish, Asterias Rubens Sergey V
© 2019. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Experimental Biology (2019) 222, jeb198556. doi:10.1242/jeb.198556 RESEARCH ARTICLE Injury affects coelomic fluid proteome of the common starfish, Asterias rubens Sergey V. Shabelnikov1,*, Danila E. Bobkov2, Natalia S. Sharlaimova2 and Olga A. Petukhova2 ABSTRACT and exceeding 40% in sea urchins (Giese, 1966). Cellular elements 5– 6 −1 Echinoderms, possessing outstanding regenerative capabilities, found in CF at concentrations of 10 10 cells ml are collectively provide a unique model system for the study of response to injury. referred to as coelomocytes (Chia and Xing, 1996). Their However, little is known about the proteomic composition of coelomic morphology in starfish is well described (Kanungo, 1984; fluid, an important biofluid circulating throughout the animal’s body Sharlaimova et al., 2014). Coelomocytes are not only mediators of and reflecting the overall biological status of the organism. In this innate immune responses (Smith et al., 2010), but are also actively study, we used LC-MALDI tandem mass spectrometry to characterize involved in the early repair phase of starfish arm regeneration (Ben the proteome of the cell-free coelomic fluid of the starfish Asterias Khadra et al., 2017; Ferrario et al., 2018), providing wound closure ‘ ’ rubens and to follow the changes occurring in response to puncture and hemostatic activity. The number of circulating coelomocytes in wound and blood loss. In total, 91 proteins were identified, of which starfish rapidly increases in the first hours after arm tip amputation 61 were extracellular soluble and 16 were bound to the plasma (Pinsino et al., 2007) or an immune challenge (Coteur et al., 2002; membrane. -
Biology of Echinoderms
Echinoderms Branches on the Tree of Life Programs ECHINODERMS Written and photographed by David Denning and Bruce Russell Produced by BioMEDIA ASSOCIATES ©2005 - Running time 16 minutes. Order Toll Free (877) 661-5355 Order by FAX (843) 470-0237 The Phylum Echinodermata consists of about 6,000 living species, all of which are marine. This video program compares the five major classes of living echinoderms in terms of basic functional biology, evolution and ecology using living examples, animations and a few fossil species. Detailed micro- and macro- photography reveal special adaptations of echinoderms and their larval biology. (THUMBNAIL IMAGES IN THIS GUIDE ARE FROM THE VIDEO PROGRAM) Summary of the Program: Introduction - Characteristics of the Class Echinoidea phylum. spine adaptations, pedicellaria, Aristotle‘s lantern, sand dollars, urchin development, Class Asteroidea gastrulation, settlement skeleton, water vascular system, tube feet function, feeding, digestion, Class Holuthuroidea spawning, larval development, diversity symmetry, water vascular system, ossicles, defensive mechanisms, diversity, ecology Class Ophiuroidea regeneration, feeding, diversity Class Crinoidea – Topics ecology, diversity, fossil echinoderms © BioMEDIA ASSOCIATES (1 of 7) Echinoderms ... ... The characteristics that distinguish Phylum Echinodermata are: radial symmetry, internal skeleton, and water-vascular system. Echinoderms appear to be quite different than other ‘advanced’ animal phyla, having radial (spokes of a wheel) symmetry as adults, rather than bilateral (worm-like) symmetry as in other triploblastic (three cell-layer) animals. Viewers of this program will observe that echinoderm radial symmetry is secondary; echinoderms begin as bilateral free-swimming larvae and become radial at the time of metamorphosis. Also, in one echinoderm group, the sea cucumbers, partial bilateral symmetry is retained in the adult stages -- sea cucumbers are somewhat worm–like. -
Practical Euthanasia Method for Common Sea Stars (Asterias Rubens) That Allows for High-Quality RNA Sampling
animals Article Practical Euthanasia Method for Common Sea Stars (Asterias rubens) That Allows for High-Quality RNA Sampling Sarah J. Wahltinez 1 , Kevin J. Kroll 2, Elizabeth A. Nunamaker 3 , Nancy D. Denslow 2,4 and Nicole I. Stacy 1,* 1 Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; swahltinez@ufl.edu 2 Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; krollk@ufl.edu (K.J.K.); ndenslow@ufl.edu (N.D.D.) 3 Animal Care Services, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; nunamaker@ufl.edu 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA * Correspondence: stacyn@ufl.edu Simple Summary: Sea stars are iconic marine invertebrates and are important for maintaining the biodiversity in their ecosystems. As humans, we interact with sea stars when they are used as research animals or displayed at public or private aquaria. Molecular research requires fresh tissues that have thus far been considered to be of the best quality if collected without euthanasia. This is the first paper describing a method to euthanize sea stars that still allows for sampling of high-quality tissue that can be used for advanced research. Since it can be difficult to tell if an invertebrate has died, it is important to use a two-step method where the first step makes it non-responsive and Citation: Wahltinez, S.J.; Kroll, K.J.; the next step ensures it has died.