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Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses Battleships and Dividends: The Rise of Private Armaments Firms in Great Britain and Italy, c. 1860-1914 MARCHISIO, GIULIO How to cite: MARCHISIO, GIULIO (2012) Battleships and Dividends: The Rise of Private Armaments Firms in Great Britain and Italy, c. 1860-1914, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7323/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Battleships and Dividends: The Rise of Private Armaments Firms in Great Britain and Italy, c. 1860-1914 Giulio Marchisio This thesis analyses the rise of private armaments firms in Great Britain and in Italy from mid-19th century to the outbreak of the First World War, with a focus on naval armaments and military shipbuilding. During this period, the armaments industry underwent a radical transformation, moving from being based on public-owned arsenals and yards to being based on private firms – the system of military procurement prevalent today. -
Naval Ensigns & Jacks
INTERNATIONAL TREASURES ™ A NATIONAL TREASURE Naval Ensigns & Jacks ZFC3577 USSR, Cruiser Aurora, unique, Order of the Oct. Revolution & Military Order of the Red Banner, Holiday Ensign, 1992. This variant of the Soviet Naval Ensign is from the Cruiser Aurora, a ship with a long and distinguished career. The Aurora is an armored cruiser currently preserved and serving as a school and museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia. ZFC0228 Lead Royal Navy ship, D-Day Operation Overlord, ZFC0514 France Ensign, FFL Aconite WWII, Sank 2 German Invasion of Normandy, 1944. This battle ensign was on the leading U-Boats on same day, 1943. An iconic French ensign which embod Royal Navy ship of the invasion that assaulted the Normandy ies the brief, yet brave, struggle of French forces against fascist beaches on June 6, 1944. Commander Anthony Kimmins secured Germany in the opening years of WWII. This flag comes from the the flag for Calvin Bullock for his return visit to New York. FNFL corvette ‘Aconite’ and was part of the Bullock Collection. ZFC0232 Royal Canadian Navy White Ensign, HMCS Wetaskiwin, ZFC0503 Lead Royal Navy ship Eastern Tack Force, Operation “Battle of the Atlantic,” 1943. This White Ensign, according to Husky, Invasion of Sicily, 1943. Due to wartime security constraints, Calvin Bullock’s documentation was “From His Majesty’s Canadian the name of the vessel that wore this ensign remains unknown. The Corvette WETASKIWIN, which for long had been flown in both the documentation states only that it flew on the task force leading the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.” allied attacks on Sicily. -
Maltese Casualties in the Battle of Jutland - May 31- June 1, 1916
., ~ I\ ' ' "" ,, ~ ·r " ' •i · f.;IHJ'¥T\f 1l,.l~-!l1 MAY 26, 2019 I 55 5~ I MAY 26, 2019 THE SUNDAY TIMES OF MALTA THE SUNDAY TIMES OF MALTA LIFE&WELLBEING HISTORY Maltese casualties in the Battle of Jutland - May 31- June 1, 1916 .. PATRICK FARRUGIA .... .. HMS Defence .. HMS lndefatigab!.e sinking HMS Black Prince ... In the afternoon and evening·of .. May 31, 1916, the Battle of Jutland (or Skagerrakschlact as it is krnwn •. to the Germans), was fought between the British Grand Fleet, under the command of Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, and the German High Seas Fleet commanded by Admiral Reinhold Scheer. It was to be the largest nava~ bat tle and the only full.-scale clash between battleships of the war. The British Grand Fleet was com posed of 151 warships, among which were 28 bat:leships and nine battle cruisers, wiile the German High Seas Fleet consisted of 99 war ships, including 16 battleships and 54 battle cruisers. Contact between these mighty fleets was made shortly after 2pm, when HMS Galatea reported that she had sighted the enemy. The first British disaster occured at 4pm, when, while engaging SMS Von der Tann, HMS Indefatigable was hit by a salvo onherupperdeck. The amidships. A huge pillar of smoke baden when they soon came under Giovanni Consiglio, Nicolo FOndac Giuseppe Cuomo and Achille the wounded men was Spiro Borg, and 5,769 men killed, among them missiles apparently penetrated her ascended to the sky, and she sank attack of the approaching battle aro, Emmanuele Ligrestischiros, Polizzi, resi1ing in Valletta, also lost son of Lorenzo and Lorenza Borg 72 men with a Malta connection; 25 'X' magazine, for she was sudcenly bow first. -
Rofworld •WKR II
'^"'^^«^.;^c_x rOFWORLD •WKR II itliiro>iiiiii|r«trMit^i^'it-ri>i«fiinit(i*<j|yM«.<'i|*.*>' mk a ^. N. WESTWOOD nCHTING C1TTDC or WORLD World War II was the last of the great naval wars, the culmination of a century of warship development in which steam, steel and finally aviation had been adapted for naval use. The battles, both big and small, of this war are well known, and the names of some of the ships which fought them are still familiar, names like Bismarck, Warspite and Enterprise. This book presents these celebrated fighting ships, detailing both their war- time careers and their design features. In addition it describes the evolution between the wars of the various ship types : how their designers sought to make compromises to satisfy the require - ments of fighting qualities, sea -going capability, expense, and those of the different naval treaties. Thanks to the research of devoted ship enthusiasts, to the opening of government archives, and the publication of certain memoirs, it is now possible to evaluate World War II warships more perceptively and more accurately than in the first postwar decades. The reader will find, for example, how ships in wartime con- ditions did or did not justify the expecta- tions of their designers, admiralties and taxpayers (though their crews usually had a shrewd idea right from the start of the good and bad qualities of their ships). With its tables and chronology, this book also serves as both a summary of the war at sea and a record of almost all the major vessels involved in it. -
British Newspapers and the Battle of Jutland Guy Hodgson Liverpool John Moores University
Causing Unnecessary Anxiety? British Newspapers and the Battle of Jutland Guy Hodgson Liverpool John Moores University Jutland was the largest naval engagement of the First World War and, according to Mordal (1959, p. 265), “the greatest naval battle ever fought”. The scale of the action that took place approximately 60 miles off the coast of Denmark on May 31 and June 1, 1916, is underlined by the statistics: 151 Royal Navy vessels against 99 German; 96,000 men; 25 admirals; and 9,000 deaths. By comparison, at Trafalgar a century earlier, the decisive sea battle of the Napoleonic Wars, Nelson commanded 27 ships of the line against a 33-strong Franco-Spanish fleet.1 Jutland, put simply, was the German High Fleet’s attempt to break the British naval blockade by luring out part of the Grand Fleet and causing sufficient damage that the German mercantile shipping could operate. The statistics suggest a German success in that the Royal Navy lost 115,025 tons against 61,180 and 6,097 British sailors were killed compared to 2,551 (Mordal, 1959, p. 265). Within a matter of days, however, the Royal Navy’s strength had been restored and the status quo had been re-established. As the New York Times put it: “The German Navy has assaulted its jailor, but is still in jail” (Kennedy, 2014, p. 335). The sheer size of the battle would have guaranteed Jutland historical debate, but, as Halpern (2012) noted, its inconclusive result has provided an impetus for “endless discussion”(p. 48). Much of it has focussed on the British commander, John Jellicoe, who ordered the Grand Fleet to turn round and head for port when confronted by a rear guard of destroyers armed with torpedoes when a leader in the 1 Thirteen smaller ships (six British) also took part in the battle. -
![Battleships and British Society, 1920-1960[1]](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/0436/battleships-and-british-society-1920-1960-1-3160436.webp)
Battleships and British Society, 1920-1960[1]
A Global Forum for Naval Historical Scholarship International Journal of Naval History August 2004/ December 2004 Volume 3 Numbers 2/3 Battleships and British Society, 1920-1960[1] Mark Connelly University of Kent, United Kingdom This article will explore the image of the Royal Navy’s battleships in British society between 1920 and 1960. Although much of what follows might be said to apply to Royal Navy as a whole, particularly ‘glamorous’ vessels such as aircraft carriers, cruisers and destroyers, it is the contention of this piece that the Royal Navy’s battleships by virtue of their sheer size and power captured the public imagination more than any other type of warship. The study of the image of the battleship in popular culture provides a significant insight into the atmosphere of Britain helping to reveal and highlight attitudes not just towards the Royal Navy, but also towards politics, the empire and Britain’s role in the world. Christopher M. Bell’s recent work has revealed that the Admiralty had an ambiguous attitude towards propaganda and publicity in the inter-war years. Disdainful of what it regarded as cheap appeals to the popular imagination, at the same time the Admiralty realised that it had to maintain the profile of the Navy. As foreign navies expanded abroad and the RAF tirelessly highlighted its benefits at home, the Admiralty rather reluctantly became involved in publicity activities.[2] Ralph Harrington’s has recently the great importance of HMS Hood to the British people showing that it was far more than a utilitarian and functional piece of equipment.[3] This article seeks to expand Harrington’s thesis by looking at British battleships in general, and place them within the wider framework of British society between 1920 and 1960, the year in which the last British battleship, Vanguard, was scrapped.[4] The article will examine the political and military arguments behind British naval policy in general, and the attitude towards battleships in particular. -
Centenary of the First World War the Battle of Jutland
CENTENARY OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND The National Commemoration of the Centenary of the Battle of Jutland 31 May 2016 St. Magnus Cathedral, Kirkwall, Orkney The Commonwealth War Graves Commission’s Lyness Royal Naval Cemetery, Hoy Jutland Bank THE NATIONAL COMMEMORATION OF THE CENTENARY OF THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND 31 May 2016 St. Magnus Cathedral, Kirkwall, Orkney The Commonwealth War Graves Commission’s Lyness Royal Naval Cemetery, Hoy Jutland Bank Front cover Ships of the Grand Fleet at anchor, Scapa Flow, 1916 © IWM SP1680 2 1 The clash between the British and German fleets in 1916 is described as the Battle of Jutland, but, in truth, the battle was fought over a huge area of the North Sea. It involved more ships than any previous naval battle. It also came at an awkward time in the development of power-driven warships. Their speed was much greater, but communication by radio was still in its infancy and radar had not been invented, while funnel smoke made communications by flags or light much more difficult. The potential for things to go wrong – always very great in sea battles – was greater than ever. There was, understandably, public disappointment with the result, but there is no doubt that it was fought with the highest courage and determination under the most difficult and challenging conditions. Whatever the judgement on the outcome, this commemoration of the centenary of the Battle is focused on the endurance and gallantry of all those who took part, on both sides, and particularly, on those who lost their lives. -
Squadron Proudly Welcomes Decemberddeececemmbbeerr 20162200116 BRINGING HISTORY to LIFE
Squadron Proudly Welcomes DecemberDDeececemmbbeerr 20162200116 BRINGING HISTORY TO LIFE PLASTIC MODELODELODELD E L KITS KKITKI TST S • MODEL ACCESSORIES See back cover for full details. BOOKS & MAGAZINES • PAINTS & TOOLS • GIFTS & COLLECTIBLES Order Today at WWW.SQUADRON.COM or call 1-877-414-0434 DearDDear FriendsFriiendds SQUADRON As we look forward to the holidays, it is hard to believe another year has come and gone. Bringing on several new product lines and welcoming new customers PRODUCTS has kept our entire team busy. We are looking forward to 2017 with many great NEW things planned - including launching Squadron Models; with our first brand- new tooled kit. More about this exciting announcement will be coming soon. Visit www.squadronmodels.com to keep up to date. Don’t miss our newly published book featured in this flyer - Squadron Signal # SS10244, The Lockheed F-104 Starfighter. Written by David Doyle, this book reveals the history and development of the “Missile-with-a-man-in-it”. An 80- page publication with over 160 carefully curated vintage photos of which many in color, numerous color profiles and an array of line drawings. A book not to miss! In our Warriors and Heroes line, this month’s newly released figure on Page 4 represents a WWII US Tanker with Bazooka. #WAH35519 is a beautifully rendered resin production piece in 1/35th scale, complete with a small groundwork base. As you will read in my article a few pages ahead, figures are one of my favorite subjects in modelling. Join me in the fun and try one this month! Check out our most recent addition to Squadron Tools - #SQ10262 - a Mini Pin Vise Set, contain- ing four different sizes of small hand held pin vises that will adapt any miniature drill bits. -
Imperialism and Identity in British Colonial Naval Culture, 1930S to Decolonialisation
Imperialism and identity in British colonial naval culture, 1930s to decolonialisation. SPENCE, Daniel O. Available from the Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20391/ A Sheffield Hallam University thesis This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Please visit http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20391/ and http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html for further details about copyright and re-use permissions. tsnenieiu nanam university Learning and information Sen/ices Adsetts Centre, Citv Campus Sheffield S1 1WD 102 070 959 5 REFERENCE ProQuest Number: 10701037 All rights reserved IN F O R M A T IO N T O A LL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10701037 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Imperialism and Identity in British Colonial Naval Culture, 1930s to Decolonisation Daniel Owen SpenGe A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Sheffield Hallam University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2012 Abstract During the Second World War, around 8,000 men from fifteen colonial territories fought for the British Empire in locally-raised naval volunteer forces. -
HMS Marlborough in Action at Jutland – 31St May 1916 (A Painting by Irwin Bacon (1852-1940))
CHANNEL ISLAND GREAT WAR STUDY GROUP HMS Marlborough in action at Jutland – 31st May 1916 (A painting by Irwin Bacon (1852-1940)) NEWSLETTER 8 JUNE 2006 Please note that Copyright for any articles contained in this Newsletter rests with the Authors as shown. Please contact them directly if you wish to use their material. Hello All It seems that about now we begin to reflect on the Great War with so many 90th Anniversaries, particularly as we approach the 1st July with our thoughts of the start of the Somme battle and the 19,000+ dead soldiers on the first day alone. However, Ned Malet de Carteret in his article reminds us that the Royal Navy experienced almost 7000 deaths a month earlier at the Battle of Jutland. Then, barely a week after Jutland they endured another 640+ with the sinking of HMS Hampshire (pictured below) off the Orkneys and the loss of Lord Kitchener and other government dignitaries who were off to Russia. Those three events cost some 30 Jerseymen their lives and undoubtedly those of a number of Guernseymen also. I would just like to point out one forthcoming anniversary event that is of relevance to all Channel Islanders where Jersey- and Guernsey-men fought alongside each other. On 9th September at Guillemont and Ginchy there are to be Combined Irish Regiments’ Remembrance Services and Ceremonies In the morning, at roughly 6 am, the village community in Guillemont will begin reading aloud the names of the 2,600 or so Irish soldiers who fell during the Liberation of Guillemont and Ginchy in September 1916.The first ceremony will begin in Guillemont at 11am and there will be a service in the church. -
2018 Howlett Alexander 08260
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ The Royal Naval Air Service and the Evolution of Naval Aviation in Britain, 1914-1918 Howlett, Alexander Lucas Nathaniel Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 24. Sep. 2021 Department of Defence Studies King’s College London The Royal Naval Air Service and the Evolution of Naval Aviation in Britain, 1914-1918 Alexander L. -
The Battle of Jutland Centenary Anniversary Commemoration 2016
The Battle of Jutland Centenary Anniversary Commemoration (31st May, 1916) St Magnus Cathedral, Kirkham, Orkney and the Lyness RN Cemetery, Hoy By Ned Malet de Carteret The morning of Tuesday the 31st May, 2016 saw a windy and overcast start to the day as Balfour Wylie (the owner of Scapa House Bed and Breakfast, my billet for four nights, and Deputy Beadle at St Magnus Cathedral) drove me to the Old Bus Station in Kirkwall where I joined up with 150 relatives of some of brave British sailors who lost their lives at the Battle of Jutland. After a half hour delay we headed off in three coaches on the twenty-minute drive to catch the Houton ferry. Once upon the grey waters for a forty-minute voyage we could see, through the mist in Scapa Flow, HMS Kent (a Type 23 ‘Duke’ class frigate) and the FGS Schleswig Holstein (a ‘Brandenburg’ class frigate) who were to be our guard ships for the day. In Kirkwall harbour was HMS Bulwark (an ‘Albion’ class assault ship) which was busy housing the RN Memorial Guard Party and the Band of the Royal Marines (Portsmouth), as well as undertaking various ferrying duties using their landing craft between Mainland and Hoy. Also, the Northern Lighthouse Board’s vessel, the NLV Pharos, was moored in Kirkwall Harbour, and this was used as accommodation for the Royal Party. The ferry route took us over some of the still present scuttled German battleships from 1919. On our arrival on Hoy several members from the coaches went to visit the Museum (I had already done so on the previous Sunday, having walked to the Old Man of Hoy (pictured left)).