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Social Monitoring Report

Quarterly Report June 2021 Project Number: 48337-002

Nepal: South Asia Subregional Economic

Cooperation Roads Improvement Project

Prepared by the Department of Roads for the Ministry of Finance and the Asian Development Bank.

This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 30th December 2020) Currency unit - Nepalese (NPR) NPR 1.00 = $0.008371 $ 1.00 = 119.46 NPR

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

NOTES:

(i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of Nepal and its agencies ends on 16 July. FY before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year ends, e.g., FY 2020/21 ends on 16 July 2021. (ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This Social monitoring Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank APs Affected Persons BLT Bhairahawa- Lumbini – Taulihawa Road CSC Construction Supervision Consultants CDC Compensation Determination Committee CDO Chief District Officer COI Corridor of Impact DAO District Administration Office DDR Due-Diligence Report DLSO District Land Survey Office DLRO District Land Revenue Office DOR Department of Roads EA Executing Agency EWH East West Highway FGD Focus Group Discussion GESI Gender Equality and Social Inclusion GRC Grievance Redress Committee GON Government of Nepal HHs Households IA Implementing Agency INGO International Non-Government Organization IR Involuntary Resettlement MOF Ministry of Finance MOPIT Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport PLI Poverty Line Income PAP(s) Project Affected Family (Families) / Project Affected Peoples PD Project Director / Project Directorate PID PM/PIU Project Implementation Unit/ Project Manager RM Rural Municipality ROW Right of Way RP Resettlement Plan R&R Resettlement and Rehabilitation RS Resettlement Specialist SASEC South Asia Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation SRIP South Asia Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation Road Improvement Project SLC Subproject Level Committee for grievance redress SPAF Severely Project Affected Family SPS Safeguard Policy Statement (ADB, 2009) Sqm Square meters VDC Village Development Committee according to Local Level Administrative Order 2073 (2016) of Nepal, all VDCs have been converted into Rural Municipality or Municipality ZOI Zone of Influence

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GLOSSARY Acquisition: Acquisition of land and other assets for the purpose of development projects in accordance to prevailing Land Acquisition Act 1977 (2034 BS).

Affected Person (AP): Any person including Vulnerable encroachers/squatters, households, business affected by the project through the acquisition of land or other assets or disruption in business irrespective of legal or ownership title. This includes any person whose rights, standard of living, subsistence and income –generating capacity are adversely affected because of the disruption in the acquisition of assets or business, whether full / partial, or permanent / temporary.

Compensation: The payment in cash or kind for private property acquired by the government for the project, based on replacement value.

Entitled Person (EP): Any person physically or economically displaced as a result of (i) involuntary acquisition of land, or (ii) involuntary restrictions on land use or on access to legally designated parks and protected areas. Corridor of Impact (CoI): Minimum width of land required for the construction of roads and provision of shoulder, width plus safety zone on either side of the road, generally within the RoW, except where construction requirements and topography necessitate the acquisition of wider area.

Cut-off Date: The date of census survey to count the DPs and their affected business and assets. The changes made by the people after the Cut-of-Date is not counted as DPs until and unless census survey have made mistake in counting or caused by changes in design.

Excluded Groups refer to women, Dalit, Indigenous ethnic groups, Madhesi, Muslim, persons with disabilities, elderly people and people living in remote areas. who have been structurally excluded over a long-time due to economic, caste, ethnic, gender, disability, and geographic reasons and include sexual and gender minorities (i.e. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI). Transgender is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity and/or expression is different from cultural expectations based on the sex they were assigned at birth. Being transgender does not imply any specific sexual orientation. Therefore, transgender people may identify as straight, gay, lesbian, bisexual, etc.

Gender Equality and Social Inclusion (GESI) refers to a concept that addresses unequal power relations between women and men and between different social groups. It focuses on the need for action to re-balance these power relations and ensures equal rights, opportunities and respect for all individuals regardless of their social identity.

Indigenous People: Nepal indigenous/nationalities/tribal Act 2001defines Ethnic/ Indigenous Peoples as; “people having their own mother tongue, distinct traditional values, and cultural identities, including social structure and written/non-written history are indigenous and

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020 nationalities population.” The National Foundation of Indigenous Nationalities (NFIN) has declared 59 groups as ethnic nationalities.

Local Consultative Groups (LCG): Municipalities / village level committees established to assist the affected population, legally constituted committees for land acquisition and project authorities, monitoring of implementation issues and community reactions and grievance resolution.

Poverty Line Income (PLI): The cost of maintaining basic minimum needs. PLIs have been defined by different organizations and the government departments, using factors such as per Capita calorie requirements and expenditures on housing and other non-food items.

Rehabilitation: The measures taken to mitigate social impacts, including compensation, resettlement and rehabilitation allowances where required.

Replacement Cost: The calculation of full replacement cost will be based on the following elements: (i) fair market value; (ii) transaction costs; (iii) interest accrued, (iv) transitional and restoration costs; and (v) other applicable payments.

Right of Way (ROW): The legal right to use the land by Department of Roads. Generally, government declares 50 meters for National highway and 30 meters for feeder roads.

Severely Project Affected Family: Family having more than 10 percent loss of total landholding or income is considered as severely affected family. Social Exclusion describes the experience of groups that are historically disadvantaged because of discrimination based on income, gender, caste, ethnicity or religion or location.

Social Inclusion refers to a process that ensures that those at risk of poverty and social exclusion gain the opportunities and resources they need to participate fully in economic, social and cultural life and to enjoy a standard of living and wellbeing that is considered normal in the society in which they live. It ensures that they participate more in decision making on matters that affect them and on access to resources, opportunities and services to enjoy their fundamental rights.

Sub project Level Grievance Redress Committee: Village Development Committee or municipality level committee established to assist the affected people, legally constituted committees for land acquisition and project authorities, monitoring of implementation issues and community reactions and grievance resolution.

Titleholder: The person in whose name the project–affected business, land and / or building business is legally registered and who is authorized to receive the compensation granted for the loss of business or acquisition of the land.

Tenant: A person occupying or utilizing buildings of a title holder/ house owner on rent.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

Vulnerable persons: They are the disadvantaged persons such as disabled, women headed households, handicapped, orphans, destitute, independent elderly persons above 70 years of age, landless laborers, wage earners and people living below the poverty line.

Vulnerable Groups refer to groups of people whose disadvantage or risk of disadvantage is situational rather than structural.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACRONYMS III GLOSSARY IV 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Project Summary 1 1.2 Project Description 2 1.3 Scope Of The Report 3 2. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT 3 2.1 Safeguards Implementation And Monitoring Arrangement 4 3. THE RESETTLEMENT PLAN 5 3.1 Safeguard Category of the Project 5 3.1.1 Involuntary Resettlement Plan: 5 3.2 Resettlement Plan Implementation 6 3.2.1 Summary of Deed Transfer: 6 3.2.2 Summary of Compensation Payment: 6 3.2.3 Compensation Payment for Structure: 7 3.2.4 Status of Livelihood Activities: 8 3.2.5 Impact on Community Structures in the NB Road: 8 3.3 Summary Of Compliance With Safeguard Covenants 10 3.3.1 Implementation of Safeguard Management Plan for NB: 12 3.3.2 Status of the Safeguard Activities in BLT Road: 12 3.4 Public Consultation 13 3.5 Issues Raised 14 3.6 Disclosure Of Information And Awareness On Entitlements 14 3.7 Grievances Redress Mechanism 15 3.7.1 Grievance Record System: 16 3.8 Status Of Other Social Activities 18 3.10 Reasons For Delay In RP Implementation Progress 18 3.10.1 Way Forward: 18

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LIST OF TABLE TABLE 1 SALIENT FEATURES AND COMMENCEMENT STATUS OF PROJECT PACKAGES ...... 1 TABLE 2 THE SUMMARY OF LAND ACQUISITION ...... 5 TABLE 3 STATUS OF DEED TRANSFER UP TO THIS QUATRE ...... 6 TABLE 4 PROGRESS IN COMPENSATION DISTRIBUTION FOR LAND PARCELS ...... 7 TABLE 5 PROGRESS IN COMPENSATION DISTRIBUTION FOR STRUCTURES UP TO DECEMBER 31, 2020 ...... 7 TABLE 6 TRAINING FOR ELIGIBLE PERSONS FROM PROJECT AFFECTED HHS FROM BLT...... 8 TABLE 7 COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF THE NB ROAD ...... 9 TABLE 8 AFFECTED COMMUNITY STRUCTURES IN BLT ...... 10 TABLE 9 COMPLIANCE WITH COVENANTS ...... 10 TABLE 10 SUMMARY OF THE RESETTLEMENT PLANNING & PROGRESS IN BLT ...... 12 TABLE 11 GRIEVANCE REDRESS COMMITTEE ...... 15 TABLE 12 SUMMARY OF THE FIELD LEVEL SUB COMMITTEE IN THE NB ROAD ...... 15 TABLE 13 STATUS OF THE GRIEVANCES (OCTOBER TO DECEMBER, 2020) ...... 17

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 PROJECT SUMMARY

Project Title SASEC Road Improvement Project – SRIP Country Nepal Project No. 3478 NEP Type of Project Loan/Grant Funding Agency Asian Development Bank Executing Agency Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport Implementing Agency Department of Roads, Project Directorate (ADB) Approval and Timeline 23rd May 2017 – 2nd February 2026 CSC Commencement Date 11 June 2017 Category ‘B’ for Involuntary Resettlement impacts and Resettlement Impacts Category category “C” for the Indigenous People Plan Transport Connectivity within Nepal and with neighboring Project Impact countries enhanced (Fourteenth Plan (FY 2017 – 2019) Project Outcome Road transport system improved

TABLE 1 SALIENT FEATURES AND COMMENCEMENT STATUS OF PROJECT PACKAGES

Narayanghat- Narayanghat- Bhairahawa - Lumbini - SN Package Butwal Road, Butwal Road, Taulihawa Road Section – I Section – II 1 Length (Km) 64.425 48.535 41.130 Project 2 Nawalparasi Rupandehi Rupandehi / Kapilbastu Districts Asian Highway Asian Highway Feeder Road - Urban Section: 4 - Urban Section: 4 -Urban Section (From 0+000 lanes with service lanes with service Km to 18+130 Km): 4 lanes with road on both sides of road on both side Road service road in built-up areas & 3 built-up sections of built-up sections Standard village section 4 lanes without

service road. - Rural section: 4 - Rural section: 4 -Rural Section (From 18+130 lanes without service lanes without Km to 41+130 Km): 2 lanes. road. service road. Carriageway 4 14.00 / 10.50 14.00 / 10.50 14.00 / 7.00 width: m Shoulder 5 2.50 / 1.50 / 0.75 2.50 / 1.50 / 0.75 2.50 / 1.50 width (m) Roadway 6 37.2 / 21 / 12.50 37 / 21 / 12.50 37 / 21 / 10 width (m 7 Surface Asphalt Concrete / Asphalt Concrete / Asphalt Concrete / DBST

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Narayanghat- Narayanghat- Bhairahawa - Lumbini - SN Package Butwal Road, Butwal Road, Taulihawa Road Section – I Section – II Type DBST DBST

Cross Slab culvert / Box Slab culvert / Box 8 Drainage Slab culvert / Box culvert / HPC culvert / HPC culvert / HPC Type Side RCC covered RCC covered drain in RCC covered drain in built-up 9 Drainage drain in built-up built-up sections sections Type sections Retaining 10 Gabion / Stone Masonry Wall Contract 11 Contract Awarded Contract Awarded Contract awarded Status 12 Contract No. SRCP/ICB/NB/01 SRCP/ICB/NB/02 SRCP/ICB/BLT/01 Commenced 13 7 Feb 2019 7 Feb 2019 14 July 2017 Date 54 months: (40 54 months: 40 Contract months 45.6 months: 33.6 months 14 months construction, Period construction, 12- construction, 12-month DNP 12-month DNP month DNP Completion 15 7th Aug, 2022 7th Aug, 2022 30th December, 2020 (revised) Date Progress till 16 2.21% 2.84% 88.21% Date

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

1. The SASEC Road Improvement Project (SRIP) is rehabilitating and upgrading 160 kilometers (km) of one of Nepal’s strategic road networks, which comprises a critical section of the country’s main East–West highway 115 km of Narayanghat – Butwal section, and the feeder road 45km Bhairahawa – Lumbini – Taulihawa road. The project will contribute to poverty reduction and support the economic development of rural communities through (i) improving connectivity and accessibility of markets, headquarters and other centers of economic activity; (ii) year-round all-weather road connections; and (iii) improving DOR capacity for managing road construction/ improvement and maintenance.

2. The road connects Bhairahawa, Rupendhi district to Taulihawa, headquarter of Kapilvastu district. It serves the access road to Lumbini, birth place of Gautam Buddha, which is also the cultural heritage recognized by UNESCO. It also connects Gautam Buddha International airport in Rupendehi district.

3. The Bhairahawa-Taulihawa Section, designated as a feeder road (No. F44 up to Lumbini and No. F45 up to Taulihawa) as DoR starts from Buddha Chowk at Bhairahawa in Rupandehi District, in the Province no five, which lies approximately 274 km west of Kathmandu. The road

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020 passes mostly through the plain section of Rupandehi and Kapilbastu districts and ends at Hospital Chowk in Taulihawa. The Bhairahawa- Lumbini - Taulihawa road was constructed by the Government of Nepal in 1973. The project road crosses the Lumbini heritage place, agricultural land, rivers, and settlements.

4. The Narayanghat – Butwal road section of the East – West Highway will be widened/ improved to 4 lane road, except the Daunne Section (chainage 67+822 to 75+000 km) which will have 3 lanes including a climbing lane from present 2 lane road. Bhairahawa - Lumbini - Taulihawa (BLT) road section will be widened/ upgraded to 4 lane road from 2 lanes up to Lumbini (Parsa) junction (Chainage 0+000 – 18+130 km). The remaining section from Parsa junction to Taulihawa will have 2 lane road widened from single lane.

5. The road project and improved transport system is expected to play a major role in the economic and social development. The East–West highway is the main arterial road cutting across the entire width of the country in Terai area. The project influence area is at the center of the East–West highway, which is the most productive region in Nepal. It supports growing industries in agriculture and related processing, services, trade, and tourism.

6. Narayanghat is the fast–growing city where a large number of business and trading houses are based. Bhairahawa is a major trading city located in the country’s first special economic zone to increase trade between Nepal and India. This area encompasses the Lumbini Zone, which is a Buddhist pilgrimage site of the religious tourism circuit. It was recognized as a World Heritage Site by the United Nations Education Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Its main gateway, the Gautam Buddha Airport, is currently being upgraded to international standards under the Asian Development Bank (ADB) financing. The BN Road section and BLT road under SRIP is integral to the international and regional road network system that connects Nepal to regional countries.

1.3 SCOPE OF THE REPORT

7. This is the tenth Social Monitoring Report prepared for the project, covering 3 months from October to December, 2020. A Social Monitoring Report is prepared on a quarterly basis throughout the course of the project implementation. The report details the implementation progress of the social safeguards, project impact mitigation and ensure restoring livelihood of affected persons.

2. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT

8. Overall Project implementation arrangement has been established so as to deliver the project outputs at its best. The Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport (MoPIT) is the Executing Agency. The DoR is the Implementing Agency of the project. Project Implementation Unit/ Project Directorate within DOR is responsible for overall project coordination, monitoring and implementation. The project road is divided into three contract packages: NB-01, NB-02 and BLT-03. To ensure the proper implementation of the project, the DoR has appointed full-time Project Managers for each of these contracts packages. The Project Managers report directly to the Project Director and are responsible for day-to-day project implementation activities.

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9. The mobilization of the Supervision Consultant took place on 11th June, 2017. The Supervision Consultant has established a Team Leader’s Office including Resident Engineer’s Office (RE-1) at Gaindakot, Nawalparasi East, a Resident Engineer (RE-2) Office at Bardaghat, Nawalparasi West and Resident Engineer (RE-3) Office at Bhairahawa, Rupandehi for Narayanghat Butwal Road Project (Package-1 and Package-2) and Bhairahawa-Lumbini- Taulihawa Road Project respectively. However, there is a separate RE office for Bhairahawa - Lumbini - Taulihawa Road Contact and the construction activities are being supervised by his team. The Engineer has issued Taking over certificate to the Contractor with some outstanding work activities to be performed in DNP.

10. The Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) recruited by the DOR submits Monthly, Quarterly Progress Reports and Quarterly Social & Environmental Monitoring Reports to the DOR. The DOR ensures that the Consultant's Report includes the entire information on the social safeguards including land acquisition procedures, resettlement issues, environmental management, GESI Action Plan implementation, road safety, trainings, etc.

11. The Consultant’s team is led by the Team Leader/Chief Resident Engineer, an International Expert. The Team Leader is supported by international and national key experts including other non-key persons. Besides, the Team Leader is back supported by the National Project Coordinator and his supporting staff at liaison office at Kathmandu.

12. The DOR monitors the project implementation activities in accordance with the implementation schedule and keeps the ADB informed of any significant deviations that could result in the schedule variances.

13. The Resettlement Plan is implemented by the Project Directorate (ADB)/DOR with the support of the resettlement team under the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC). The resettlement team is composed of (i) a Resettlement Specialist; ii) 4 Social Mobilizers including 2 Social Mobilizers for NB-1; 2 Social Mobilizers for NB-2.

2.1 SAFEGUARDS IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING ARRANGEMENT

14. The Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC), is responsible to support the Project Directorate in the implementation of the Resettlement Plans (RPs). For this purpose, the CSC has mobilized a Social Resettlement Specialist since September 2017 to carry out monitoring of social safeguard compliance. The Resettlement specialist is supported by Resettlement Staff at field level in each road subprojects to meet benchmarks set for each component.

15. The key activities under the CSC’s responsibility include supporting the Project Directorate in: (i) facilitating the completion of the Detailed Measurement Survey (DMS); (ii) conducting consultations and disseminating the resettlement matrix and other relevant information; (iii) supporting the formation of Grievance Redress Committees (GRCs); (iv) collecting and recording regularly issues raised by project affected people; and (v) motivating Project Affected Persons (PAPs) to find solutions at the local level, and if required bridging them with concerned stakeholders (vi) internal monitoring of social safeguard compliance being aligned with RPs. Moreover, the CSC has the responsibility of monitoring health and occupational safety, environmental management, and road safety

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

3. THE RESETTLEMENT PLAN

3.1 SAFEGUARD CATEGORY OF THE PROJECT

16. As per the approved Resettlement Plan the Narayanghat - Butwal and Bhairahawa- Lumbini- Taulihawa road sub-projects are categorized as category ‘B’ for Involuntary Resettlement impacts and category “C” for the Indigenous People Plan. So Narayanghat- Butwal (NB) and Bhairahawa- Lumbini- Taulihawa (BLT) Road subprojects do not have major resettlement impacts. Detail Measurements Survey (DMS) of BLT reveled that there is no major variation in the IR category and PAF data with reference to those from original RP prepared in 2016. The list of APs were verified by the CSC based on 2016 RP and approved by the Project Manager of BLT in the month of July, 2018. The Involuntary Resettlement plan of NB road is under implementation, if there will be change in the numbers of the PAF then RP will be updated. The Detail Measurements Survey (DMS) of Narayanghat - Butwal is ongoing.

17. According to the approved original RPs, of NB & BLT roads, a total of 21 land parcels measuring area of 1763.14 sqm, 34 private structures, 385 community structures will be affected. After DMS, two land parcels (29.64 Sqm) in BLT road were acquired and compensation paid by the project. However, in NB road no need to acquire private land parcel. Contractors have been working in the whole alignment from Ch 0+565 to Ch114+465 in NB -01 and NB-02 The summary of land acquisition information for the project is presented in table below.

TABLE 2 THE SUMMARY OF LAND ACQUISITION

Chainage As per After DMS (From 0+575To ROW original RP Road Paid Area Remarks 14+000) (m) 2016 Area (Sqm) Km (Sqm) 0+000 to 3+500 50 0 0 Previously Acquired BLT Acquired and 3+500 to 41+350 30 0 29.64 Compensation Paid No need to be acquired NB 01 & 0+565 to14+000 50 1733.5 0 due to design 02 modification Total 160 Km 30-50 1733.5 29.64

3.1.1 INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT PLAN:

18. The projects are classified under "B" category in accordance with ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement. It has been ensured by exploring alternative design options to minimize land acquisition in NB road so that construction activities could be implemented within the existing right of way. As per the Detailed Measurement Survey, only the Bhairahawa- Lumbini- Taulihawa road subproject has acquired two private land parcels. Accordingly, compensation distribution and deed transfer has been completed in BLT road. Similarly, Narayanghat- Butwal road sub project is under verification process in the built-up section. The lists of the affected structures in NB-02 are yet to be finalized. If affected HHs numbers vary with the original RP, updated RP will be prepared. The NB-01 section does not require additional land acquisition as the existing right

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020 of way within the alignment is sufficient to meet the requirement of the new design. There is no major impact on the income of affected households due to the loss of structures or income. The project resettlement team ensured documentation of impacts as well as develop mitigation, compensation and rehabilitation (if applicable) measures to compensate the affected assets and restore livelihoods.

3.2 RESETTLEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

19. Project Management (PM/PIU) has been Implementing the project activities. The Project Manager is facilitating the land acquisition and compensation disbursement activities to the titleholders and non-titleholders and ensures implementation of Social Safeguard plan and resettlement plan making close coordination with relevant government agency/ies. The PM is responsible to monitor and implement project activities including implementation of resettlement plan assisted by Safeguard Specialist/ Resettlement staff from Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC). The CSC ensures that the contractors adhere with the terms of their contract relative to avoiding and/or minimizing resettlement impacts.

3.2.1 SUMMARY OF DEED TRANSFER:

20. Deed transfer of two land parcels was completed in BLT road. The following table shows the progress status on deed transfer up to this quarter.

Table 3 STATUS OF DEED TRANSFER UP TO THIS QUATRE

Affected No of Plots As Transferr No of per Affected ed Plot Transferr original Plots (as (up to a ed Plots Remai Rema Name of RP per previous (in this Total ning ining the Road verification) Quarter)) Quarter) Plots % Plots % BLT 0 2 2 0 2 100 0 0 NB-1 19 0 0 0 NA NA NA NA 0 under NB-2 process 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 19 2 2 0 2 100 0 0 Source: Subproject Offices Record,

3.2.2 SUMMARY OF COMPENSATION PAYMENT:

21. It was verified from the Detailed Measurement Survey of the BLT road that only two land parcels, 11 structures and 2 oil filling station were affected by the project. Compensation Determination Committee fixed the rate of two land parcels, 11 private structures as a replacement cost in BLT road and compensated to affected owners for these losses. Two oil filling station owners have no legal land ownership document and were not entitled to get compensation. The BLT road project is under Defect Notification Period (DNP) and some activities under outstanding lists are being carried out by the Contractor. Summary of the progress in compensation distribution for land parcels is presented in the table below:

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TABLE 4 PROGRESS IN COMPENSATION DISTRIBUTION FOR LAND PARCELS

Purpose Deed Amount Paid Estimated Paid Land Transfer Decided Road Parcels Area Amount Remarks Plots Area by CDC (No.) (Sqm) (NRs.) (No.) (Sqm.) (NRs.) 2 Compensation BLT (after 2 29. 64 29. 64 350,000 350,000 paid DMS) As per design 19 as modification 1733.5 as 26,869,250 per land NB 0 per original 0 as per 0 original acquisition is RP original RP RP not required in NB -01 Total 21 2 1763.14 29.64 27,219,250 350,000

Source: Subproject Offices Record,

3.2.3 COMPENSATION PAYMENT FOR STRUCTURE:

22. In the BLT road subproject, compensation amount of NRs.1,200,579.65 has been distributed to the titleholders of 11 affected structures. A mechanism was developed to pay the compensation amount in two installments. 50 percent amount of total compensation to be provided as a first installment and remaining amount to be provided after demolishing the structure.

TABLE 5 PROGRESS IN COMPENSATION DISTRIBUTION FOR STRUCTURES UP TO DECEMBER 31, 2020 No of Affected Structure structures Paid Estimated Roa Amount Paid s as Per (as per Structure Amount Remarks d (NRs) original verificatio (No) (NRs.) RP (No) n) 1,268,367.65 1,200,579.65 BLT 12 11 11

under NB-1 9 9 0 DMS completed verification 57,17,205.00 Under Under NB-2 13 13 0 verification verification Tota 34 11 6,985,572.65 1,200,579.65 l

Source: Subproject Offices Record,

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3.2.4 STATUS OF LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES:

23. As the part of livelihood restoration program, skill developments and income generation training for the affected persons/families are to be arranged by the CSC. The CSC has identified the eligible affected persons of the BLT road and willing to take part in the training to upgrade their skill level and to engage themselves for better employment opportunities in the areas favorable to them. The CSC has identified 28 persons of the BLT road section for training under different trades by Training need assessment (TNA). Detailed budget of training has been prepared. Training will be conducted as soon as possible considering the prevalent COVID-19 situation in the targeted area. The details of the training requirements assessed by the CSC are presented in

TABLE 6 TRAINING FOR ELIGIBLE PERSONS FROM PROJECT AFFECTED HHS FROM BLT. SN Types of Training categories Affected persons (no.) 1 Hotel Management with Cooking 3

2 High Value Vegetable Farming 1

3 Sewing Cutting / Tailoring 9 4 Poultry Farming 1 5 Animal Husbandry 3 6 Undecided 11 Total 28

3.2.5 IMPACT ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURES IN THE NB ROAD:

24. As per approved RP of NB road, 357 community structures likely to be affected in which 10 Public toilet, 160 passenger sheds, 52 water tap, 25 Temple stair and extended part (i.e. small shed for sitting) and public/Chautara (resting place under the tree) etc. Inventory of the public utilities/community structures of the NB -1 & 2 Ch 0+650 to 113+200 were verified.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

Public toilet in Choramara required shifting Required relocation of the public temple at Ch from COI 0+800 in Gaindakot.

25. The affected community properties need to be relocated during the construction period in close coordination and collaboration with the local community. The possible community structures will be relocated by the project. The relocation cost is provisioned in BoQ.

TABLE 7 COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF THE NB ROAD

As per After After S. Resources original updated verification NB- Remarks No RP No NB -1 2 1 Chautara (Big & small) 85 32 10 2 Passenger Waiting shed 160 107 45 Will be 3 Public Tap 52 3 8 relocated Temples starie front place 6 13 during the 4 25 etc implementation Nozzle of Petroleum filling 0 Un process in close 5 10 stand coordination Public figure personal 5 Un process and 6 5 status & Map of Nepal etc. collaboration Police check post Entrance 4 20 with the local 7 Gates Trafics direction post 10 community etc. Total 357 157 96 .

3.2.6 Impact on Community Structures in BLT

26. Similarly, detail measurement survey reveals that 9 community structures are affected by the sub-project road. Out of total 9 public structures, 3 are passenger bus waiting stands, 1 public water tub well, 2 welcome gates, 2 temporary police posts, 1 staircase of a temple. These community structures are being relocated with the close coordination and collaboration with the local community. The detailed list of community structures is presented below.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

TABLE 8 AFFECTED COMMUNITY STRUCTURES IN BLT

As Per S. Installed/updated Resources original RP Remarks N. (No.) (No) Passenger Bus 1 3 10 Under construction Waiting Shed Water Tube Did not require 2 1 0 Wall relocation 3 Small Temple 1 1 Under Process 5 Welcome Gate 2 0 Design modification Police Check Did not require 6 2 0 Post relocation Total 9 7

3.3 SUMMARY OF COMPLIANCE WITH SAFEGUARD COVENANTS

27. Four covenants are related to social safeguard activities. Verification of the structures (Squatters), R & R assistance and vulnerable allowances distribution in the NB road is under planning. Similarly, in BLT road, the CDC meeting has decided distribution of R & R allowances and vulnerable assistance and these allowances will be distributed by end of January 2021.

TABLE 9 COMPLIANCE WITH COVENANTS

Reference in

Financing Status of Compliance No Covenants Agreement 1. Resettlement: Schedule 5, Being complied. The Borrower shall ensure or cause DOR to para. 7 •The project has complied with the ensure that all land and all rights-of-way ADB Safeguard Policy Statements required for the project are made available 2009 and Land Acquisition Act to the Works contractor in accordance with 1977, and following the schedule agreed under the related Work resettlement policy, guide lines, contract and all land acquisition and project entitlement matrix has been resettlement activities are implemented in prepared, and RP has been compliance with (a) all applicable laws and implemented as per policies laws & regulation of the Borrower relating to land regulation. acquisition and involuntary resettlement; (b) •As per the guidelines and in the involuntary Resettlement Safeguards; accordance with the applicable laws and (c) all measures and requirements set and regulations, the Involuntary forth in the RP, and corrective of Resettlement Safeguards are preventative action set forth in the implemented. Safeguards Monitoring Reports. •All requirements have been adequately Included in the RP. During project implementation due to major change in alignment, the RP will be requires updating that has been included in Safeguard Monitoring Report.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

Reference in

Financing Status of Compliance No Covenants Agreement 2. Without limiting the application of the Schedule 5, Being complied. Involuntary Resettlement Safeguards or the para. 8 • compensation and other RP, the Borrower shall ensure or cause entitlement have been DOR to ensure that no physical or provided to affected people in economic displacement takes in connection accordance with RP; with the Project until; (a) compensation and other • Additional assistance entitlement have been provided to affected provisioned in RP as per people in accordance with RP; and Entitlement Matrix (EM) (b) a comprehensive income and livelihood assistance is monitored to restoration program have been established Project Affected People (PAP) in accordance with RP. comprehensive income and livelihood restoration program are designed in an accordance with RP 3. Indigenous Peoples: Schedule 5, Being complied. The Borrower shall ensure of cause DOR to para. 9 • There is no impact on IP ensure that the preparation, design, reported during project construction, implementation and operation implementation and no of the Project and all project facilities changes reported compare to comply with (a) all applicable laws and project design. regulation of the Borrower relating to • It is being complied with all indigenous people; (b) the Indigenous required provisions in design People Safeguards; and (c) all measure and and implementation of the requirements set forth in the IPP, and any project. corrective or preventative actions set forth in as Safeguards Monitoring Report. 4. Grievance Redress Mechanism: Schedule 5, Being complied. Within 12 months after the Effective Date, para. 5 Till the reporting period more than DOR shall prepare a grievance redress 11 GRM were established under the mechanism, acceptable to ADB, and NB sub-project. And 7 GRM were establish a special committee to receive established in BLT and resolve complaints/grievance or act Each of the GRM Grievances upon reports from stakeholders on misuse redness register was prepared of funds and other irregularities, including grievance due to resettlement. The special committee shall (i) make public of the existence of this grievance redress mechanism, (ii) review and address grievance of stakeholders of the Project, in relation to either Project, any of the service providers, or any person responsible for carrying out any aspect of the Project; and (iii) proactively and constructively responding them, 5. Safeguards Monitoring and Reporting: Schedule 5, Being complied. The Borrower shall do the following or para. 12 cause DOR to do the following; DOR will submit the quarterly (a) submit quarterly Safeguards safeguard monitoring reports for Monitoring Reports to ADB and disclose Jan – March 2021 by 15 March relevant information form such reports 2021. to affected person promptly upon a) Regularly submitted submission; Quarterly Safeguards Monitoring (b) if any unanticipated environment Reports to ADB and/or social risks and impacts arise & disclosing information to ADB. during construction, implementation or

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

Reference in

Financing Status of Compliance No Covenants Agreement operation of the Project that were not b) All the considerations have considered in the EIA, the EMP, the RP been made. If arise, it shall be and the IP, promptly inform ADB or the accordingly worked out occurrence of such risks or impacts, with detailed description of the event and the proposed corrective action plan; (a) Report any actual or potential breach of compliance with the measures and requirements set forth in the EMP, the RP and the IP promptly after becoming aware of the breach.

3.3.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF SAFEGUARD MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR NB:

28. The implementation of the resettlement activities started right after the Project Management Office was in place. The formation of first and third level grievance redress committees were completed in June 2019. The establishment of the second level grievance redresses committee was completed in September, 2019.

3.3.2 STATUS OF THE SAFEGUARD ACTIVITIES IN BLT ROAD:

29. Compensation distribution for 2 land parcels and 11 private structures have been completed. Vulnerable assistance and other rehabilitation allowances are yet to be distributed. Following table depicts achieved activities and planning for BLT road.

TABLE 10 SUMMARY OF THE RESETTLEMENT PLANNING & PROGRESS IN BLT

S. N. Activities Description Remarks 1 Mobilization of Social Two Social mobilizer & time Completed 2018 safeguards personal base input of two experts 2 Formation of 1st 2nd & 3rd Completed, GRC will be active Ongoing for collection of the level GRC when required Grievances 3 11 structures belong to NTHs, 11 structures of Non-Title On process, after shifting CDC fixed the rate of the holder Payment of from ROW, he/she will be structures compensation amount Total received 2nd installment. distributed amount NRs. 1,200,579.65 4 Dissemination of information, Stakeholder consultation more Ongoing (Socially excluded public consultation for working than 23 times (agenda: bigger group encourage to schedule & likely to be impact size drain, Zebra crossing & participated at meeting) traffic light, Junction improvement, Overhead pedestrian bridge, cycle lane, disable friendly pedestrian footpath, street light, bus bay, passenger waiting shed with public toilet & Lumbini gate etc)

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

S. N. Activities Description Remarks 5 Verification of land on going Completed 6 Explore high potential income Need assessment Completed Training will be conducted as generation activities for PAPs soon as possible 7 Transfer of land already On process for coordination Most of land already transfer remaining parcels will be acquired but remaining to with CDO, Land Survey & Land coordinate as possible deed transfer in the name Revenue office of the of DOR/ Government Kapilvastu & Rupendehi districts 8 Hand over necessary On progress After completion of the DLP document to Road Division period offices

3.4 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

30. The consultation meetings were held with affected persons, concern stakeholders and adjacent communities. The detailed records of consultation meetings were well documented. Summary of the major consultation meetings are cited here: ➢ The public consultation meetings were conducted in BLT-03, NB-1 & 2 Roads. Agendas of the meeting was planning of the tree clearance and verification of the public utilities along the road alignment, total 13 meeting were conducted in presence of 145 participants representing from Communities, ward Chairman, District Forest office of the Nawalpur, Nawalparashi and Rupendehi, Chitwan National Park, Water supply authorities, Nepal Electricity Authority, Nepal Telecom office, clients and contractors. ➢ During this reporting period, more than eight consultation meeting were conducted in the BLT road project for tree plantation (species of plants & establishment of nursery) in the proposed location in Lumbini Development Trust, construction of the bus bay, installation of the railing post etc ➢ Three consultative meeting were held with NEA Nawalpur, Parashi and Rupendehi on October to December 2020. During the meeting employer, PM, consultants and Contractor and others requested to concern stakeholders for short down of the electricity line and relocation of the public utility in time. ➢ Similarly, two Consultative meetings were conducted with the District Administration Office of Nawalpur East. During the meeting, the representative of the Labors, Consultants, Contractors and Employer discussed for the Labors’ issues and their strike on the field, their PPE materials, timely payment of wage, safety equipment in site etc. 31. Consultations meeting were carried out in each municipality, along the road corridor. The Mayor, deputy mayor, ward chairman, affected people, social workers and related stakeholders were presented at the meeting. The major issues discussed in the meeting were recurrent and periodic maintenance, Clearance of the ROW, construction schedule of the Contractor’s Work, relocation of the public utilities and their shifting process, design parameters of the urban & rural areas, compensation distribution process of private structures, outlet of the water, railing post installation at Buddhachok area in Bhairahawa, requirement of bigger size drain in flooding season, issues of built-up area during the construction period, possibility of disruptions due to the project activities etc.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

3.5 ISSUES RAISED

32. Some common and recurrent issues faced by the project in construction phase are: outlet of storm water, drainage, footpath, Bus bay, railing post, cable network, electricity (transmission line), road surface (recurrent and periodic maintains) water supply, tree cutting and vulnerable and other assistance distribution. Some representative issues for the particular subprojects are briefly explained below:

A. Bhairahawa – Lumbini- Taulihawa Road • Issues raised by nearby settlements related to construction of the bus bay, passengers’ waiting shed, footpath and railing post due to lack of awareness. However, the project team settled the issues by convincing them exploring minor design options. • Delay on distribution of rehabilitation and vulnerable assistance due to pandemic despite CDC meeting has decided for the same. B. Narayanghat – Butwal Road • Shifting of the public utilities (electric poles and water supply pipe line within the COI) • Problem for the road surface (recurrent and periodic maintenance) and dust nuisance and management of the labours’ issues (timely payment of wages, adequate safety equipment and PPE on site). • Flooding issues in rainy season in built up areas of Gaindakot, Kawaswati, Bardhghat, and Butwal in Narayanghat – Butwal road.

3.6 DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION AND AWARENESS ON ENTITLEMENTS

33. The entitlements provisions are summarized for the disclosure purpose to affected persons. The information dissemination has been conducted for construction schedule, design features of the road, valuation process of the private structure etc. All the resettlement activities are notified in consultation meetings and also provided information for entitlement matrix. Notice for private land and acquisition of other assets are published at different places as well as through local newspapers. Moreover, resettlement staffs at the site personally meet the affected people and pass required information to them.

Coordination with NEA Chairman regarding the Minute of meeting with Local People to shutdown electric line for tree cutting resolve the demand of opening on Railing . on Footpath

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

3.7 GRIEVANCES REDRESS MECHANISM

34. The project has been established three layers of grievance redress mechanism (GRM) to collect grievances (written, verbally or any other means), evaluate, and facilitate for addressing for the same. Following table depicts composition of Grievance Redress Committees.

TABLE 11 GRIEVANCE REDRESS COMMITTEE

Field-Level Committee Local-Level Committee Project-Level Committee • Social/Environment • DOR site engineer • Chief District Officer Focal Persons • Rural municipalities, • PM DOR • Contractors municipalities • CSC Resettlement Expert • Social mobilizers Representative • CSC Environmental Expert • CSC Social mobilizer • 2 representatives designated by affected community local level (man/woman)

35. The responsibilities of field level GRC are: collect grievances, scrutinize them and call a meeting of GRC. The GRC meeting will address the genuine grievances. The field level Grievance Redress Committees (GRC) was established on December 2017 and July 209 in BLT and NB roads respectively.

36. If any grievances remain unsolved at field level, the responsible person/s forward the grievances to the local level GRC. The local level GRC was established under the chair of Mayar and other members are; ward level women member, affected person, social mobilizer and representative of the DOR. The local level Grievance Redress Committees (GRC) for the BLT and NB roads were established in September 2018 and October, 2019 respectively. During the reporting period, 11 no of local level GRC ( 57 Sub- committee) and three project level GRC were established in NB road project.

TABLE 12 SUMMARY OF THE FIELD LEVEL SUB COMMITTEE IN THE NB ROAD

No of the GRC Sub-committee Re Address/Mu Date Members Ward wise no mar nicipality M F Total (affected wards ks 8, July,2019 Bardaghat 5 4 9 2,49,10 &11 9 July,2019 Sarawal 4 3 7 1 & 2 14 July 2019 Butwal 3 2 5 7,8 &10 31July,2019 Sunawal 10 3 13 1,3,4,5,7,12 &13 July,2019 Devdeha 7 4 11 5,6,7,9 &10 1, 2, 3, 13, 14, 15, 16 August, 2019 Devchuli 10 2 12 & 17 August,2019 Kawasoti 10 2 12 2, 3, 8, 9, 11 & 16

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No of the GRC Sub-committee Re Address/Mu Date Members Ward wise no mar nicipality M F Total (affected wards ks Maddhyabin August, 2019 10 1 11 7,8,10,11&15 du Sept, 2019 Binayatripani 5 3 8 2&3 11 6 17 2,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,1 Sept, 2019 Gaindakot 3,14,15 &16 Sept, 2019 Hupsikot 10 3 13 1, 2& 3

37. Field level GRC was established in Bardaghat, Sunwal, Butwal Devdeha, Maddhayabindh, Devchuli, Kawasoti & Gaindakot municipalities and Sarawal, Binayatribini and Huspakot rural Municipalities along the road alignment of the NB road. The meeting was chaired by mayor and chairman of the rural municipality. All rural municipalities and municipalities were informed and established the field level GRC in each municipalities.

Meeting with CDO office at kawasoti Stamping/ Counting of the trees in Buffer zone area Ch 8+890 Km

38. Project level GRC is formed under the Chairmanship of CDO. This committee is responsible for the grievances not solved in the field and local level GRCs.

3.7.1 GRIEVANCE RECORD SYSTEM:

39. The project has established grievance recording systems through a register keeping records of grievances received (written, verbal, messages, phone etc.) and follow up actions taken to address them. A social mobiliser from the CSC has been assigned as coordinator of the local level grievances redress committee. He/she has responsible for documentation of the grievance received, and report to GRC for resolution. The site engineer has been working as focal person to deal with technical grievances.

40. Within this reporting period (October-December, 2020) all together 14 grievances were received in which most of the grievances were solved. Following table presents

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020 grievances received and resolution status.

TABLE 13 STATUS OF THE GRIEVANCES (OCTOBER TO DECEMBER, 2020)

Types of Verbal / Road Place Date Present Status Grievances Written BLT Buddha 2nd Construction of Informal Agreed for construction of Chowk October the bus bay & the bus bay discussion 2020 passengers with ward chairman and waiting shed in local people Buddha chowk. BLT Buddha 15th Oct Dust pollution Verbal Regular water sprinkle Chowk BLT Gundi 18th Construction of Verbal The Consultants and October the bus bay and contractor coordinated Passenger shed with the community people; construction process has been started BLT Airport Chowk 10th Railing installation Verbal Agreement with the December in the footpath public, issues has been 2020 solved NB- Devchuli 3th Relocation Verbal Solved (Coordination with 01 November /disturbing of meeting contractor and Users) 2020 water supply lines with chairman NB- CNP Kasara 1st Regarding the Verbal Finalized the tree 01 October buffer Zone Tree meeting Stamping; waiting for 2020 Stamping / with approval Counting chairman NB- Ch 0+576 - 3rd Tree Cutting Verbal Started Tree Cutting work 01 36+000 October Gaindakot, 2020 Devchuli Kawasoti NB - Rajahar Camp 1st Labor’s Strike at Formal Solved 01 December Contractor camp meeting 2020 Ch 20+150 with labor NB- Kawasoti CDO 23th Regarding the Verbal Solved 01 Office December Labor’s strike meeting 2020 meeting at CDO with Office Kawasoti CDO NB- Gaindakot 21 Regarding the Verbal Solved 01 Sub Division December Stockyard piling Meeting Office 2020 and fifteen days with AFO working progress report NB- Bhutaha 4th Drinking water Verbal The consultants 02 October pipe breakage instructed to contractor 2020 for fit to breakage part

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

Types of Verbal / Road Place Date Present Status Grievances Written Nb- Daunne and 10th Dust pollution Verbal Started water sprinkle 02 Jaluke Bridge October 2020 NB- Bardaghat 12th Drinking water Verbal Not decided yet; process 02 December supply Bardaghat on going 2020 area and Relocation of water supply pipeline NB- Telecom 18th Other disturbance Verbal The Consultants decided 02 regional office December of optical fiber to give as per notice to Bardaghat 2020 the public before the work.

3.8 STATUS OF OTHER SOCIAL ACTIVITIES

41. Apart from regular consultations and meetings with PAF and concerned stakeholders to facilitate implementation of safeguards component, the CSC social staffs are also responsible to monitor camp site management, health and safety measures, wage rate, issue of child labour and so on. During site visits of subproject roads, orientation has been imparted to contractors for implementation of safeguard compliances. However, it has been observed that contractors are not fully complying safeguard compliances.

3.10 REASONS FOR DELAY IN RP IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS

42. The RP implementation has been delayed due to following reasons:

Delay the RP implementation progress due to the global Covid-19 pandemic since March 2020 which is still exist. Some activities affected by the pandemic are:

➢ In person training related to life skill development. ➢ Verification of specific issues, if any, at field level. ➢ CDC meeting and stakeholders’ consultation meeting.

3.10.1 WAY FORWARD:

43. Following are the way forward to insure timely implementation of safeguard activities:

a. The COVID-19 pandemic is the major challenge to conduct skill development training in BLT road. Hence, different modality of training shall be explored. The CSC will propose appropriate alternative modality to conduct such trainings. b. As soon as pandemic become less dangerous, vulnerable and rehabilitation assistance distribution activities will be implemented taking safety precautions in BLT road. c. Verification of affected structures along the NB road is in final stage. Updating of Resettlement Plan will be initiated considering impact on resettlement scope.

QUARTERLY (SOCIAL MONITORING) REPORT NO. 10 October-December, 2020

ANNEX: Photograph

Tree cutting session in Bardaghat Chevron marking at the Lumbini Gate west approach

Field Visit with NTC personnel in Gaindakot office at km Stock yard 36+150 (Sub Division Kawasoti) 4+000.

The consultant and public discussing about water supply Handrail construction. pipeline at km 19+300