The American Lawyer

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The American Lawyer GLOBAL Mergers Acquisitions & GUIDE 2015 GUIDING THE WAY A country by country guide to the global M&A landscape EXPERT ANALYSIS FROM LEADING M&A LAW FIRMS AROUND THE WORLD Global M&A Guide 2015 1 M&A_FOB_Final.indd 1 12/12/14 6:22 PM DUBLIN | BELFAST | LONDON | NEW YORK | SILICON VALLEY We support our clients as they reach out and enter new markets. Excellence means new opportunities with arthur cox you can expect sound judgment and advice. You can expect in-depth sectoral expertise that will find new solutions to secure your success. You can expect a total commitment to your business – a genuine partnership that gives you the confidence to move forward and To find out how Arthur Cox can help you, embrace new opportunities.call us on: +000 With (0)0 000 Arthur 0000 Cox you can always expect excellence. To find out more about our firm and how we can assist your organisation, please contact Conor Hurley, Resident New York Partner on: +1 212 782 3299 www.arthurcox.com Arthur Cox - American Lawyer, December 2014.indd 1 09/12/2014 16:48:30 M&A_FOB_Final.indd 2 12/12/14 6:23 PM DUBLIN | BELFAST | LONDON | NEW YORK | SILICON VALLEY We support our clients as they reach out and enter new markets. Contents GLOBAL MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS GUIDE 2015 JANUARY 2015 5 PUBLISHER’S NOTE OVERVIEWS: 6 EUROPEAN OVERVIEW Eversheds: The M&A Market and Approach to Dealmaking in Europe 10 GULF STATES OVERVIEW Al Tamimi & Co.: Business Conditions in the Arabian Gulf COUNTRY REPORTS: 18 AUSTRALIA King & Wood Mallesons: M&A in Australia 22 AUSTRIA Schoenherr: Austrian Public M&A in 2014 62 INDIA 102 RUSSIA Amarchand Mangaldas: Through the Lens: BBH: M&A Market in Russia: Turbulent Times 26 BELGIUM Rewriting the Rules of M&A in India Van Bael & Bellis: M&A Trends in Belgium 106 SLOVENIA 66 IRELAND Rojs, Peljhan, Prelesnik & Partnerji: Crisis 30 BRAZIL A&L Goodbody: M&A Activity in Ireland: and New Beginnings Mattos Filho: Brazil’s Evolving Private a Positive Outlook Equity Scene 110 SPAIN 70 ISRAEL Garrigues: Spain’s Road to Recovery 34 canaDA Herxog Fox & Neeman: Israel M&A Outlook: Excellence means Fasken Martineau Partners: Promising Cautiously Optimistic 114 SWITZERLAND Outlook for M&A in Canada Homburger: Switzerland: Inversion Transactions 78 ITALY new opportunities 38 CHILE Willkie Farr & Gallagher: The Introduction of 11 8 TURKEY Bahamondez, Alvarez & Zegers: Multiple Voting and Loyalty Shares in Italy Bener Law Office: Turkey: An M&A Gateway M&A Involving Family-Owned Businesses with arthur cox you can expect sound judgment and advice. You can expect in-depth sectoral 82 LUXEMBOURG 122 UNITED KINGDOM 42 china Allen & Overy: Luxembourg: A Global Herbert Smith Freehills: M&A in the UK expertise that will find new solutions to secure your success. You can expect a total commitment Shearman & Sterling: Cross-Border Platform 126 VENEZUELA to your business – a genuine partnership that gives you the confidence to move forward and M&A in China D’Empaire Reyna Abogados: Venezuela: Oil To find out how Arthur Cox can help you, 86 MEXICO embrace new opportunities.call us on: +000 With (0)0 000 Arthur 0000 Cox you can always expect excellence. 46 CZECH REPUBLIC Creel, García-Cuéllar, Aiza y Enríquez: and Gas M&A BBH: M&A in the Czech Republic: Energizing Growth: Mexico’s M&A Scene 130 VIETNAM Optimism Continues to Grow is Set to Boom LNT & Partners: A New Wave of Mergers and 50 FRANCOPHONE AFRICA 90 NORDICS Acquisitions in Vietnam Liedekerke: Seizing Opportunities and Borenius: Finland: A Favorable Outlook 135 TECHNOLOGY: SPECIAL REPORT Mitigating Risk in the DRC 94 peru Astrea: Belgium: Technology M&A Focus 54 GERMANY Miranda & Amado Abogados: Peru: Funds To find out more about our firm and how we can assist Jones Day: Trends in German Public M&A at the Forefront your organisation, please contact Conor Hurley, 58 HUNGARY 98 POLAND The ALM editorial team was not involved in this Resident New York Partner on: +1 212 782 3299 Bán, S. Szabo & Partners: The Main Trends Greenberg Traurig: Mergers and Acquisitions publication. All contributions are from the local www.arthurcox.com of Mergers and Acquisitions in Hungary in Poland representative law firm. Global M&A Guide 2015 3 Arthur Cox - American Lawyer, December 2014.indd 1 09/12/2014 16:48:30 M&A_FOB_Final.indd 3 12/12/14 6:23 PM Insight Information Events that Negotiating and Drafting have benefitted executives MAJOR BUSINESS from the US and Canada: AGREEMENTS Calgary, AB | Halifax, NS Insight Information is Canada’s leading provider of continuing Calgary, AB education conferences and networking events for senior executives and professionals throughout Canada and the Toronto, ON United States. Our record speaks for itself: our conferences focus on cutting edge legal and regulatory issues in all areas of Mergers and Acquisitions, Toronto, ON as well as Corporate Finance, Law, HR, Taxation, Oil & Gas, Energy, Construction, and more! Calgary, AB In Partnership With Visit our website and subscribe for relevant event notifications: www.InsightInfo.com 004pGMA0115.indd 4 12/12/14 6:28 PM Welcome THE GLOBAL M&A mARKEt StRENGtHENED CONSIDERABLY in 2014, driven by increased boardroom confidence to invest through M&A. We have seen the return of strategic deals and transformational M&A, some of which have been in the pipeline for years, as well as increased appetite for unsolicited moves. US investment is flooding back into Europe with American investors seeking opportunities to purchase European brands, patents and technologies, and to access European supply chains. We are also seeing strong M&A activity across the Asia Pacific region, as well as Latin America. The deal pipeline is strong across all major regions and in certain key sectors. This bodes well for M&A activity levels into 2015. Our guide provides expert analysis and updates from some of the leading law firms in jurisdictions across the globe. We hope you find it informative and useful. Danny Collins Managing Director International Division ALM [email protected] Global M&A Guide 2015 5 M&A_FOB_Final.indd 5 12/12/14 6:25 PM EUROPEAN OVERVIEW The M&A Market and Approach to Dealmaking in Europe Amidst healthy M&A activity, dealmakers need to be mindful that a deal is not necessarily the same in every country across Europe s far as M&A is concerned, often, would instead need to focus on the particular coun- Europe, and in particular the EU, tries involved, who the sellers are, and what the reg- is seen as one region by North ulatory environment is in any particular country. American commentators. People talk about doing “deals in Europe”. ECONOMIC HEALTH AIn addition the statistics which are produced often At the time of writing this article, economic surveys support this concept of a “European deal”. How- indicate moderate growth on a global basis provid- ever in reality, and while this is slowly changing, ing a supportive environment for M&A activity in the processes and style and the documentation can Europe. The Global all Industry Purchasing Man- vary dramatically depending on the particular agers Index (“PMI”) for the third quarter is just be- country in which an “M&A transaction in Europe” low the three year high of July 2014 reflecting solid is taking place. While cross border deals tend to contributions from the manufacturing and service be more Anglo-Saxon in style, if you are dealing sectors along with a continued acceleration of new with a transaction in a particular jurisdiction, let’s orders for manufacturing. say Poland or Sweden, there can be big variations It is fair to say the countries in Europe outside to what you might consider as the norm. The deal the Eurozone are seeing more M&A activity but the documentation in a domestic French deal will look Manpower Survey of hiring intentions reveals that very different to an English domestic deal. employers in 36 of 42 countries surveyed expected Also, often people talk about EU law. And workforce additions in quarter 4 2014 - pointing to while of course there are Directives coming down a wider optimism required for sustained growth in from the European Commission in Brussels to be M&A. Notwithstanding this, the combination of implemented at a national level in particular re- the need for growth and minimal inflation caused lating to social policy, to a large degree in rela- the European Central Bank to cut interest rates to tion to the corporate law, there is no EU law. Even record lows in the Eurozone in early September in where a directive could apply to a transaction, for an attempt to support the Eurozone economy. example in relation to the transfer of employees on a business sale otherwise known as the Acquired DEAL TOTALS/VALUATION Rights Directive or “TUPE”, each country will By the end of the third quarter, the mid-market interpret that directive in a different way so local transaction totals in Europe year on year increased advice is required. by just under 30% with a similar incremental in- A US acquirer should therefore not treat Europe crease in dollar value from 2013. This would in- as a single market for the purposes of M&A and dicate a healthy pipeline. The medium EBITDA 6 Global M&A Guide 2015 Global M&A_Eversheds_Final.indd 6 12/14/14 3:38 PM transaction multiple was 8 times for the first nine mentary in the marketplace that financial sponsors months of 2014, with transactions below £100 mil- would prefer to sell to another financial sponsor to lion having an EBITDA multiple of around 7 times move transactions on faster.
Recommended publications
  • Stuart Brisley Cv
    STUART BRISLEY CV Born 1933, Surrey, England. Education 1960-1962 Florida State University, Tallahassee (on a Fulbright Travel Award) 1959-1960 Akademie der Bildende Künste, Munich (on a Bavarian State Scholarship) 1956-1959 Royal College of Art, London 1949-1954 Guildford School of Art Selected Solo Exhibitions 2016 Interregnum, Galeria Jaqueline Martins, Sao Paulo From the Georgiana Collection, Hales Gallery, London Drawn, David Roberts Art Foundation, London 2015 Stuart Brisley, Headwinds, MAC Belfast, Northern Ireland A new sound work for Belfast, Belfast 2014 Stuart Brisley, State of Denmark, Modern Art Oxford, England Breath, a new performance, Royal Academy Life Rooms 2013 Stuart Brisley, Domobaal, London, England Stuart Brisley, Mummery+Schnelle, London, England Back to the future: solo stand at Artissima, Torino, Italy Before the Mast, 10 day performance, domobaal 2013 2012 Stuart Brisley, Exile Gallery, Berlin, Germany Next Door (the missing subject), PEER, London, England 2011 Stuart Brisley, Algus Greenspon, New York, USA 2010 Measurement and Division, Exile Gallery, Berlin, Germany Next Door (the missing subject), PEER London 2009 Stuart Brisley: Recent Works, England & Co, London, England London, 7 Bethnal Green Road, E1 6LA. + 44 (0)20 7033 1938 New York, 64 Delancey Street, NY 10002. + 1 (646) 918-7205 www.halesgallery.com @halesgallery 2008 Crossings, John Hansard Gallery, Southampton, England. Touring Tallinn City Art Gallery, Tallinn, Estonia (2009) 2006 Stuart Brisley 1958-2006, England & Co, London 2004 The UK Museum
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1 the World of Cinema in Argentina
    Appendix 1 The World of Cinema in Argentina A revelation on January 17, 2002. I am headed to the Citibank on Cabildo Street, where I have a savings account. I try to enter the bank but cannot because of the number of people waiting. So I give up on my errand. I cross the street to return home, and from the sidewalk facing the bank I see, for the first time, the building in which it is housed. The familiar is made strange; shortly after, it becomes familiar again, but in a slightly disturbing way. I recognize the building’s arches and moldings, its fanciful rococo façade. I recognize the Cabildo movie theater, in which I saw so many movies as an adolescent. Although I have been coming to this bank for years, I have never before made this connection. I know movie theaters that have been transformed into video arcades, into evangelical churches,1 into parking garages, even into bookstores. Yet I knew of none that had become a bank. All my savings were housed in a space that had been shadows, lights, images, sounds, seats, a screen, film. I remember that around the age of sixteen, I saw Robert Redford’s Ordinary People (1980) on the same day as Alain Resnais’ Last Year at Marienbad (1961) in the Hebraica theater. Two or three movies a day (video didn’t exist then) in which almost everything was film, film, and only film. These are the adolescent years in which cinephilia is born: a messy love, passionate, without much judgment.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Diversity in the German Motion Picture Industry – the Case Study of the World Cinema Fund
    Faculty of History and Arts MA Cultural Economics and Cultural Entrepreneurship 2009/2010 Cultural Diversity in the German Motion Picture Industry – the Case Study of the World Cinema Fund Master’s Thesis Eva Joanna Kocula Student No. 338156 Thesis’ Supervisor: Erwin DEKKER Second Reader: Dr. Christian HANDKE Rotterdam, 31 July 2010 Eva Joanna Kocula LIST OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES.................................................................................................................... v LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................................................ v ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................. vi INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1: THE DEBATE ON CULTURAL DIVERSITY................................................. 6 The Concept of Diversity.................................................................................................. 7 Economic Perspective on the Issue of Diversity .............................................................. 8 Government Intervention and the Protection of Cultural Diversity ............................... 11 Cultural Diversity as a Subject to Legal Regulation......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The New Global Journalism
    3 Tow Center for Digital Journalism THE NEW A Tow/Knight Report GLOBAL JOURNALISM: FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE IN TRANSITION KELLY GOLNOUSH NIKNEJAD ANUP KAPHLE AHMED AL OMRAN BURCU BAYKURT AND JESSIE GRAHAM EDITED BY: ANN COOPER AND TAYLOR OWEN Funded by the Tow Foundation and the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation 5 Acknowledgments Special thanks to The John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, The Tow Foundation, and the team from the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. Our gratitude to Andy Carvin and Charles Sennott for valuable guidance, and to Abigail Ronck for copy editing this Tow/Knight brief. Without all of your support this project would not have been possible. – Ann Cooper and Taylor Owen, September,2014 Contents Introduction 9 The Virtual Eyewitness . 13 The Foreign Desk in Transition . 14 Eight Tactics for the Digital Foreign Correspondent . 14 David Versus Goliath . 15 A Professional Kinship: Journalism and Advocacy . 15 Being There: The Virtual Eyewitness 17 “The Tremor in the Air” . 20 The Price of Access . 21 Going Vertical . 25 Toolkit Nuts and Bolts . 26 More Left Undone . 30 A Toolkit: Eight Tactics for the Digital Foreign Correspondent 33 Tactic 1: Follow the Experts . 37 Tactic 2: Know Local Digital Customs . 38 Tactic 3: Use Data Management Tools . 39 Tactic 4: Corroborate Before You Go Public . 40 Tactic 5: Pick Up The Telephone . 42 Tactic 6: Own Your Errors . 45 Tactic 7: Keep Your Sources Safe . 46 Tactic 8: Remember That Everything Changes . 48 The Foreign Desk in Transition: A Hybrid Approach to Reporting From There–and Here 49 Shuttered Bureaus .
    [Show full text]
  • The Cultural Labors of Science, Fiction, and Empire
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Speculative Acts: The Cultural Labors of Science, Fiction, and Empire A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Literature by Aimee Soogene Bahng Committee in charge: Professor Shelley Streeby, Chair Professor Lisa Cartwright Professor Lisa Lowe Professor Roddey Reid Professor Winifred Woodhull 2009 Copyright Aimee Soogene Bahng, 2009 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Aimee Soogene Bahng is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2009 iii This dissertation is dedicated to Octavia Butler June 22, 1947 – February 25, 2006 iv EPIGRAPH “We caused the problems: then we sat and watched as they grew into crises. I have heard people deny this, but I was born in 1970. I have seen enough to know that it is true. I have watched education become more a privilege of the rich than the basic necessity that it must be if civilized society is to survive. I have watched as convenience, profit, and inertia excused greater and more dangerous environmental degradation. I have watched poverty, hunger, and disease become inevitable for more and more people.” --Octavia Butler, Parable of the Talents v TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………………. iii Dedication………………………………………………………………………... iv Epigraph………………………………………………………………………….. v Table of Contents………………………………………………………………… vi List of Figures…………………………………………………………………….. viii Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………. ix Curriculum Vitae…………………………………………………………………. xv Abstract…………………………………………………………………………... xviii INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………. 1 Science Fiction and Empire……………………………………………………. 1 The “Hard” and “Soft” of Science Fiction………………………………........... 8 On Speculation………………………………………………………………... 10 Postcolonial Speculative Fiction: Subaltern Space Travelers…………………... 14 The Political Economy of Speculation and Technologies of Fictitious Capital………………………………………………………………..........
    [Show full text]
  • The Approximate K-List Problem
    The Approximate k-List Problem Leif Both and Alexander May Horst Görtz Institute for IT-Security Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Faculty of Mathematics [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. We study a generalization of the k-list problem, also known as the General- ized Birthday problem. In the k-list problem, one starts with k lists of binary vectors and has to find a set of vectors – one from each list – that sum to the all-zero target vector. In our generalized Approximate k-list problem, one has to find a set of vectors that sum to a vector of small Hamming weight ω. Thus, we relax the condition on the target vector and allow for some error positions. This in turn helps us to significantly reduce the size of the starting lists, which determines the memory consumption, and the running time as a function of ω. For ω = 0, our algorithm achieves the original k-list run-time/memory consumption, n whereas for ω = 2 it has polynomial complexity. As in the k-list case, our Approximate k-list algorithm is defined for all k = 2m, m > 1. Surprisingly, we also find an Approximate 3-list algorithm that improves in the run- n time exponent compared to its 2-list counterpart for all 0 < ω < 2 . To the best of our knowledge this is the first such improvement of some variant of the notoriously hard 3-list problem. As an application of our algorithm we compute small weight multiples of a given polynomial with more flexible degree than with Wagner’s algorithm from Crypto 2002 and with smaller time/memory consumption than with Minder and Sinclair’s algorithm from SODA 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • A Multi-Method Analysis of the Berlin International Film Festival and the World Cinema Fund
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses July 2018 A Multi-Method Analysis of the Berlin International Film Festival and the World Cinema Fund Eren Odabasi University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2 Part of the Film and Media Studies Commons Recommended Citation Odabasi, Eren, "A Multi-Method Analysis of the Berlin International Film Festival and the World Cinema Fund" (2018). Doctoral Dissertations. 1262. https://doi.org/10.7275/11930004.0 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/1262 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Multi-Method Analysis of the Berlin International Film Festival and the World Cinema Fund A Dissertation Presented by EREN ODABASI Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2018 Department of Communication © Copyright by Eren Odabasi 2018 All Rights Reserved A Multi-Method Analysis of the Berlin International Film Festival and the World Cinema Fund A Dissertation Presented by EREN ODABASI Approved as to style and content by: ________________________________________________ Anne T. Ciecko, Chair ________________________________________________ Martin F. Norden, Member ________________________________________________ Jonathan R. Wynn, Member Mari Castañeda, Department Chair Department of Communication ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Anne T.
    [Show full text]
  • The London School of Economics and Political Science Why Are
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by LSE Theses Online The London School of Economics and Political Science Why are childcare workers low paid? An analysis of pay in the UK childcare sector, 1994-2008 Ludovica Gambaro Thesis submitted to the Department of Social Policy of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, February 2012 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 105,955 words. 1 Abstract The thesis examines pay among British childcare workers from 1994 to 2008. It uses childcare as an example of female care occupations and selects the UK as a case study because in recent years childcare services have expanded substantially. As childcare provision has become increasingly formal, the issue of the rewards attached to this type of work has become more pressing. The thesis asks why childcare workers in the UK have traditionally received low pay and to what extent they continue to do so.
    [Show full text]
  • The Approximate K-List Problem
    The Approximate k-List Problem Leif Both and Alexander May Horst Görtz Institute for IT-Security Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Faculty of Mathematics [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. We study a generalization of the k-list problem, also known as the General- ized Birthday problem. In the k-list problem, one starts with k lists of binary vectors and has to find a set of vectors – one from each list – that sum to the all-zero target vector. In our generalized Approximate k-list problem, one has to find a set of vectors that sum to a vector of small Hamming weight ω. Thus, we relax the condition on the target vector and allow for some error positions. This in turn helps us to significantly reduce the size of the starting lists, which determines the memory consumption, and the running time as a function of ω. For ω = 0, our algorithm achieves the original k-list run-time/memory consumption, n whereas for ω = 2 it has polynomial complexity. As in the k-list case, our Approximate k-list algorithm is defined for all k = 2m, m > 1. Surprisingly, we also find an Approximate 3-list algorithm that improves in the run- n time exponent compared to its 2-list counterpart for all 0 < ω < 2 . To the best of our knowledge this is the first such improvement of some variant of the notoriously hard 3-list problem. As an application of our algorithm we compute small weight multiples of a given polynomial with more flexible degree than with Wagner’s algorithm from Crypto 2002 and with smaller time/memory consumption than with Minder and Sinclair’s algorithm from SODA 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1 the World of Cinema in Argentina
    Appendix 1 The World of Cinema in Argentina A revelation on January 17, 2002. I am headed to the Citibank on Cabildo Street, where I have a savings account. I try to enter the bank but cannot because of the number of people waiting. So I give up on my errand. I cross the street to return home, and from the sidewalk facing the bank I see, for the first time, the building in which it is housed. The familiar is made strange; shortly after, it becomes familiar again, but in a slightly disturbing way. I recognize the building’s arches and moldings, its fanciful rococo façade. I recognize the Cabildo movie theater, in which I saw so many movies as an adolescent. Although I have been coming to this bank for years, I have never before made this connection. I know movie theaters that have been transformed into video arcades, into evangelical churches,1 into parking garages, even into bookstores. Yet I knew of none that had become a bank. All my savings were housed in a space that had been shadows, lights, images, sounds, seats, a screen, film. I remember that around the age of sixteen, I saw Robert Redford’s Ordinary People (1980) on the same day as Alain Resnais’ Last Year at Marienbad (1961) in the Hebraica theater. Two or three movies a day (video didn’t exist then) in which almost everything was film, film, and only film. These are the adolescent years in which cinephilia is born: a messy love, passionate, without much judgment.
    [Show full text]
  • Abused Domestic Workers in Europe: the Case of Au Pairs
    DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT C: CITIZENS' RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRES GENDER EQUALITY Abused Domestic Workers in Europe: The case of au pairs STUDY Abstract This study analyses au pair arrangements in six EU Member States (Denmark, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Poland and Spain) through descriptions of national and international legal frameworks and practices of au pairing. The findings show different patterns of au pair migration and different situations of au pairing as well as different strategies to protect the au pairs. The overall recommendation is to separate current au pair immigration into two programmes: one of cultural exchange and one of domestic and care work. PE 453.209 EN This document was requested by the European Parliament's Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality. AUTHOR Dr Helle STENUM, in cooperation with Professor, Dr Hanne Marlene Dahl, who has read and commented on the report. Research assistants: Anne HALD PETERSEN and Taia NYSTED SCHØTT. RESPONSIBLE ADMINISTRATOR Claire GENTA Policy Department C - Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs European Parliament B-1047 Brussels E-mail: [email protected] LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN ABOUT THE EDITOR To contact the Policy Department or to subscribe to its newsletter please write to: [email protected] Manuscrit completed in October 2011. Brussels, © European Parliament, 2011. This document is available on the Internet at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/studies DISCLAIMER The opinions expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the European Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorized, provided the source is acknowledged and the publisher is given prior notice and sent a copy.
    [Show full text]
  • Finance Curse Analysis
    Now a major new book! “Occupation Jersey” (2007). ǡ Ǥ May 2013 Nicholas Shaxson is author of Poisoned Wells, a book about the Resource John Christensen is the former economic adviser to the British Crown Curse based on 14 years’ research in west Africa; and also author of Treasure Dependency of Jersey, a pre-eminent British tax haven. Having originally Islands, a book about tax havens and financial centres. He has written regularly trained as a forensic fraud investigator, he is now the director of the Tax Justice for the Financial Times, the Economist Intelligence Unit, Vanity Fair, and many Network, a member of the OECD Task Force on Tax and Development, and a others. board member of Washington, D.C.-based New Rules for Global Finance. INTRODUCTION It is now well known that many countries poor peers. This paradox of poverty from which depend on earnings from natural plenty has been extensively studied and is resources like oil have failed to harness them known as the Resource Curse. for national development. In many cases it seems even worse than that: for all the This book asks whether some countries hundreds of billions of dollars sloshing into ϐ countries like oil-rich Nigeria, for instance, may be suffering from a similar, and related, ϐ ǡ phenomenon. economic growth, greater corruption, higher inequality, less political freedom and often ϐ more absolute poverty than their resource- – and not just for reasons related to the global The Finance Curse 2 ϐ ʹͲͲ͹ȀͺǤ ϐ more surprisingly, this phenomenon that we such as the Cayman Islands or Cyprus, are calling the Finance Curse is similar in these complexities are stripped away and many ways to the Resource Curse: there are big the phenomenon is laid bare in purer, more overlaps in both their causes and their effects.
    [Show full text]