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KEYSTONE SYMPOSIA

2007 Annual Report

Connecting the Scientific Community for 36 Years fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:19 PM Page 2

2007 Fiscal Year Meetings

Multi-Protein Complexes Involved in Cell Regulation PI 3-Kinase Signaling Pathways in Disease August 18-23, 2006 February 15-20, 2007, Santa Fe, New Mexico St. John's College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Reproduction: Advances and Challenges Respiratory Viruses of Animals Causing Disease in Humans February 20-25, 2007, Santa Fe, New Mexico December 10-15, 2006, Singapore Bioactive Lipids in the Lipidomics Era Jaks, Stats, and Immunity February 20-25, 2007, Taos, New Mexico January 5-10, 2007, Steamboat Springs, Colorado Neurobiology of Addiction February 25 - March 1, 2007, Santa Fe, New Mexico Immunological Intervention in Human Disease January 6-11, 2007, Big Sky, Montana *Imaging Immune Responses *Intracellular and Intercellular Signaling in Dendritic Cell Frontiers of NMR in Molecular Biology X Function January 6-11, 2007, Snowbird, Utah February 25 - March 2, 2007, Keystone, Colorado

*Diabetes: Molecular Genetics, Signaling Pathways, and *Stem Cell Interactions with their Microenvironmental Niche Integrated Physiology *Stem Cells and Cancer *Obesity: Peripheral and Central Pathways Regulating March 2-7, 2007, Keystone, Colorado Energy Homeostasis January 14-19, 2007, Keystone, Colorado Immunologic Memory March 3-8, 2007, Santa Fe, New Mexico Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration January 16-21, 2007, Taos, New Mexico Molecular Mechanisms of Fibrosis: From Bench to Bedside March 11-15, 2007, Lake Tahoe, California Genome Instability and Repair January 17-22, 2007, Breckenridge, Colorado *Molecular Targets for Cancer *Mouse Models at the Frontiers of Cancer Discovery Mast Cells, Basophils, and IgE: Host Defense and Disease March 18-23, 2007, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada January 20-24, 2007, Copper Mountain, Colorado Tuberculosis: From Lab Research to Field Trials Chemical Senses: From Genes to Perception March 20-25, 2007, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada January 21-25, 2007, Snowbird, Utah *Systems Biology and Regulatory Networks Host Cell Interaction and Response to the Cancer Cell *Cell Signaling and Proteomics January 21-26, 2007, Keystone, Colorado March 22-27, 2007, Steamboat Springs, Colorado

* Molecular Pathways in Cardiac Development and Disease Plant Cell Biology * Integrative Basis of Cardiovascular Disease March 23-28, 2007, Coeur d’Alene, Idaho January 22-27, 2007, Breckenridge, Colorado *HIV Vaccines: From Basic Research to Clinical Trials *MicroRNAs and siRNAs: Biological Functions and *Molecular and Cellular Determinants of HIV Pathogenesis Mechanisms March 25-30, 2007, Whistler, British Columbia, Canada *RNAi for Target Validation and as a Therapeutic *Nuclear Receptor Pathways to Metabolic Regulation January 28 - February 2, 2007, Keystone, Colorado *Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk March 27 - April 1, 2007, Steamboat Springs, Colorado Drugs Against Protozoan Parasites January 28 - February 1, 2007, Lake Tahoe, California The Potent New Anti-Tumor Immunotherapies March 28 - April 2, 2007, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada Antibodies as Drugs: From Basic Biology to the Clinic February 1-6, 2007, Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada The Macrophage: Homeostasis, Immunoregulation, and Disease April 11-16, 2007, Copper Mountain, Colorado Regulatory T Cells February 1-6, 2007, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Epigenetics: Regulation of Chromatin Structure in Development and Disease Ubiquitin and Signaling April 11-16, 2007, Breckenridge, Colorado February 4-9, 2007, Big Sky, Montana Tissue Engineering and Development Biology Biology of B Tells in Health and Disease April 12-17, 2007, Snowbird, Utah February 6-12, 2007, Banff Springs, Alberta, Canada *Autophagy in Health and Disease Mechanisms Linking Inflammation and Cancer *Apoptotic and Non-Apoptotic Cell Death Pathways February 10-15, 2007, Santa Fe, New Mexico April 15-20, 2007, Monterey, California

Nanotechnology in Biomedicine MicroRNA and Cancer February 11-16, 2007, Lake Tahoe, California June 8-12, 2007, Keystone, Colorado *Joint Meetings fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:20 PM Page 3

Letter from the Chief Executive Officer

Dear Participants, Alumni, and Friends:

he 2008 season of Keystone Symposia is the 37th since the first meeting held in 1972 and marks the 11th year of our being an independent T501(c)(3) nonprofit educational organization. For its first 34 years, symposia were held exclusively in retreat-like venues, mostly mountain resorts in the USA and Canada. The atmosphere is conducive for both planned and James W. Aiken, Ph.D. spontaneous sharing of information and data as well as the generation of new ideas. Recently we have embarked on a global strategy to make the Keystone Symposia experience more widely available. Although the conferences have always attracted international participation (just over 50% of attendees are US citizens), in 2005 we held our first conference outside North America — in Singapore, on “Stem Cells, Senescence, and Cancer” — which was attended by 442 scientists from 27 countries. This was followed by a conference at Cambridge University in England, a second in Singapore, and conferences in Cape Town, South Africa and Beijing, China in the fall of 2007. As we increase our meetings around the world, the involvement of the global scientific community will grow and so will participation from developing nations. Our strategic objective for the global conferences is to catalyze growth in the capacity for outstanding science worldwide.

Another part of the strategy to grow science capacity is ensuring that an increasing number of participants from developing countries are able to attend our symposia in North America as well as meetings that we might hold nearer to their home base. Because of generous support, initially from the Bill & Melinda MEETING PARTICIPATION Gates Foundation but now also from others (The Wellcome Trust, IAVI), Keystone Symposia is able to offer Travel Awards for conferences in our Global Health Series. These awards are intended to provide sufficient funds so that scientists, physicians, post- doctoral trainees, graduate students, or other health professionals from developing countries can attend the conferences. In 2007, we made 179 such awards, and this year we will be able to make over 200.

Overall attendance has been growing each year. A record number of participants, approximately 13,500, attended the 50 conferences in the 2007 season. The average size of our 2007 conferences was about 270 attendees. At most conferences, 30 to 40% of attendees are either graduate students or post-doctoral trainees. Our goal is to increase our ability to support young scientists and maintain our symposia as premier venues for interaction between young and established investigators. Grants, mainly from the

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National Institutes of Health, and gifts to the Keystone Symposia Education Fund from both individuals and other organizations allow us to give scholarships to many of the students and post-doctoral fellows SCHOLARSHIPS AWARDED who apply and submit abstracts for poster sessions. Last year we were able to award over 600 scholarships to about one-third of the more than 1,700 applicants, which is both very good and unfortunate news because many qualified applicants did not receive awards.

Keystone Symposia is committed to fostering development of new scientists. We do this by trying to create the best possible experience for them at conferences, but this requires more than what we can do alone. Our success is highly dependent on the generous amount of time committed by the leading scientists/mentors in each field and also by the generous donations from supporting foundations, corporations, and government organizations, as well as individual scientists and others who support scholarships through our Friends of the Symposia program. I sincerely thank all those who have helped make this aspect of our program successful.

Keystone Symposia strives to connect the scientific community and to be a catalyst for accelerating discoveries that benefit society. Being successful is tightly linked to programming high-quality science, timeliness of the data presented, and robustness of the discussion. A successful conference is marked by energetic participation, contacts that lead to collaborations, and participants leaving with insights that accelerate or change the direction of their research. When a conference is planned, we make every effort to ensure that the program is of superlative quality. The Scientific Advisory Board, currently headed by Dr. Craig B. Thompson, gathers input from many sectors of the scientific community. We have a rigorous peer review process for identifying organizers and evaluating meeting proposals. Our Chief Scientific Officer, Dr. Andrew D. Robertson, is responsible for ensuring that these processes are effectively implemented and continually renewed. From the early days of the Symposia, a strategic objective was bringing participants with diverse backgrounds together. We believe that studying a problem from multiple viewpoints optimizes chances for breakthrough ideas. Increasing the diversity of those involved in our meetings will therefore be a growing priority in the upcoming years.

We look forward to the continued success of Keystone Symposia and our ongoing partnerships with all supporters of this fine organization.

James W. Aiken, Ph.D. President and Chief Executive Officer, Keystone Symposia

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Remarks by the Chairman of the Board

eystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology serves the biomedical/bioscience research community by connecting scientists within Kand across germane disciplines at our conferences. Scientists are the grassroots of the Symposia and volunteer to serve as conference organizers and speakers, and as members of the Scientific Advisory Board and Board of Directors. Keystone Symposia also has a tradition of searching the community for its CEO-President and CSO. We are fortunate that Jim Aiken and Andy Robertson Curtis C. Harris, M.D. are serving the community in these key positions, respectively. They are backed by a talented and committed staff. Keystone Symposia continues to grow and to be successful because of a science-based strategy that is the source of our innovative programming.

Biomedical/bioscience research is rapidly expanding worldwide, and, in response, Keystone Symposia is also expanding its global programming in Asia, Europe, Africa, and Australia. We seek input and guidance from the scientists in these geographic regions and are increasing their participation on the Scientific Advisory Board and the Board of Directors. Our primary goal is to maintain the high quality of the symposia while at the same time increasing the diversity of our meeting participants by attracting more graduate students, post- doctoral fellows, young investigators, and minority scientists. Our international symposia will allow more accessible and affordable attendance for the community of scientists living in these geographic regions.

We look forward to your continued advice and participation in Keystone Symposia.

On behalf of the Board of Directors,

Curtis C. Harris, M.D. Chairman of the Board, Keystone Symposia

Scholarship winners at the HIV Attendees at Keystone Symposia Above: Scientific Advisory Board meeting in Keystone Symposia’s first conference in Whistler, British meeting in Breckenridge, Colorado Keystone, Colorado, January 2007 conference in Beijing, China, Columbia, March 2007 Below: Conference at Breckenridge, Colorado October 2007 fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:20 PM Page 6

A Review of 2007 by the Chief Scientific O

eystone Symposia enjoyed considerable success in 2007 in realizing its mission of connecting the scientific community and catalyzing new Kscience. Features of great scientific meetings include learning and discussing the newest science, as well as opportunities to develop new ideas and to establish and renew relationships. Words cannot do justice to the Andrew D. Robertson, Ph.D. experience, the “buzz” as I like to call it, of participating in a Keystone Symposia conference, but, by sharing vignettes from a few of the 2007 meetings, I hope to convey just some sense of the excitement and scientific advances that are shared and discussed at our meetings. Because successful Keystone Symposia meetings depend on careful and thoughtful preparation, I will first provide a glimpse of how the 2007 meetings evolved.

A Long Gestation The three- and four-day meetings of 2007 capped over two years of preparation on the part of our Scientific Advisory Board (SAB), other advisors, staff, and organizers. Planning for the 2007 meetings began in the fall of 2004, when ad-hoc Study Groups participated in teleconferences to brainstorm possible meeting topics and organizers. Early in 2005, members of the SAB and a few ad-hoc advisors met to discuss these and other suggestions and to contribute their own ideas before arriving at the 50 or so suggested meeting topics for 2007. The winter of 2005 saw my predecessor as Chief Scientific Officer (CSO), Jim Bennett, recruiting organizers who were invited to develop their “ideal” meeting programs. The resulting meeting proposals were reviewed by the SAB early in the summer of 2005. Later that summer was a time for organizers to respond to the reviews, and for decisions with our Operations Department regarding where and when the meetings would be held in the fall 2006 to spring 2007 meeting calendar. In fall of 2005, our Program Planning and Implementation Department began inviting speakers while our Development Department and I (the newly minted CSO) ramped up our considerable fundraising efforts in support of these meetings. Finally and most importantly, the two years or so of preparation came down to the meetings themselves. The following are brief accounts of a few of these meetings.

New Topic in a New Location Our first meeting of the 2007 fiscal year (which began on July 1, 2006) was a first in two other ways as well: this was our first-ever meeting on “Multi-Protein Complexes Involved in Cell Regulation” and our first-ever meeting in the United Kingdom. Of the 50 Keystone Symposia meetings held in 2007, 13 (26%) were devoted to topics not covered previously at a Keystone Symposia meeting. Like many new topics each year, “Multi-Protein Complexes Involved in Cell Regulation” descended in part from “ancestral” Keystone Symposia meetings, in this case in areas such as structural biology and cell signaling. This dynamic turnover of meeting topics is a hallmark of Keystone Symposia.

The meeting organizers — Tom Blundell, Carol Robinson, and Ralph Bradshaw – assembled an illustrious collection of speakers to explore signaling within and between cells. The unifying theme for the meeting was a desire for a molecular-level understanding of how, as cells respond to changes in their environment, the thousands of different proteins in cells find their correct partners at the correct time. And while speakers shared exciting unpublished results teased from over 20 different cellular signaling systems (ranging from the bacterial flagellum to the mammalian insulin receptor) and using at least a dozen different experimental and computational approaches (spanning X-rays to bioinformatics), the focus on

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c Officer

molecular events provided a common language for an in-depth and critical exchange among scientists and students investigating a wide variety of biological phenomena.

St. John’s College at the University of Cambridge proved to be a winning site for our first meeting in the UK. This meeting was our second meeting outside of North America and, as such, represented a major step in our globalization efforts described by our CEO, Jim Aiken, earlier in the annual report. Nearly two-thirds of the attendees had not previously participated in a Keystone Symposia meeting, and almost half were graduate students and post-doctoral fellows, so we succeeded in our goal of bringing the Keystone Symposia experience to a whole new set of scientists and trainees.

In a survey following the meeting, attendees remarked that, “The program was creative, cleverly constructed, and diverse with exemplary high quality” and that this was the “best symposium I have attended as regards scientific content, organization, and ability to mix with a wide variety of people.” Attendees who said that “St. John’s College is an excellent site!” and that they “would definitely attend another meeting at St. John’s” will be pleased to learn that we are indeed returning to St. John’s College in September of 2008 for a meeting on “Structural Biology and Mechanisms of Membrane Receptors.”

Keystone conference at John’s College, Cambridge, UK in August 2006 Revisiting a Topic with New Perspectives Keystone Symposia takes pride in starting the planning for each year’s meetings with a clean slate. Because of demand from the scientific community and continuing needs, a few meetings are held annually (e.g., meetings on HIV and diabetes), and some are held bi-annually, but the decision to continue is revisited carefully each year. Some meeting topics come and go on a more irregular schedule, reflecting issues such as varying scientific needs and the scientific balance in our programming. One topic that came roaring back after a nearly 10-year hiatus is tissue engineering.

Tissue engineers aim to create artificial materials that can be used to repair or regenerate tissue that has been damaged by disease or injury. The organizers of this year’s “Tissue Engineering and Development Biology” — Gordana V. Vunjak-Novakovic, Randall T. Moon, and David Kaplan – used the April meeting at Snowbird, Utah to bridge gaps and identify opportunities at the interface between tissue engineering and the field of developmental biology, which is devoted to understanding how complex organisms like humans arise from simple precursors such as the fertilized egg. Speakers and workshop participants highlighted how knowledge from developmental biology can be directed to the design of tissue engineering systems, as well as how engineered tissues can provide biological models for studies of development, remodeling, and disease.

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One highlight of the meeting for me was a lively panel discussion on “The Future of Tissue Engineering and How to Get There.” Four plenary speakers summarized their take on the state of the art and challenges in tissue engineering, e.g., issues relating to implantation efficacy, cell plasticity, physical forces, and assay development. Staff members from the National Institutes of Health then picked up the discussion (and fielded pointed questions) as it turned towards the challenges of integrating the developmental biology and tissue engineering communities, and the ultimate goal of translating research in these areas into treatments in the clinic. For attendees, this discussion provided a remarkable and clear picture of compelling questions that beg further investigation.

Comments from attendees testify to the success of this meeting: for example, one attendee remarked that “This was the best scientific conference I have been to in a long time,” while another stated that “We are beginning a new project this week based on information I learned.”

Global Outreach Keystone Symposia has a long history of meetings in the area of infectious disease. Starting in 2004, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and others began generously supporting attendance at many of our infectious disease meetings by scientists, students, physicians, and other health care workers from developing nations. One meeting that benefited from attendance by these Global Health Travel Awardees in 2007 was “Drugs Against Protozoan Parasites.”

Diseases in humans caused by protozoa lead to suffering in hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Daniel Goldberg, R. Kip Guy, and Stephen Ward convened a team of speakers from all over the world in Tahoe City, California to explore how meeting attendees could best develop drugs against these diseases. The topics ranged from target identification to the process of developing lead compounds into drugs. The 10 Global Health Travel Awardees shared unique and invaluable perspectives about the science and the human toll of these diseases, as well as their insight regarding practical considerations associated with implementing treatments for these devastating diseases. None of the awardees would have been able to participate without the support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

In sharing these brief glimpses into three of our 50 meetings in 2007, I hope to have captured just a flavor of what makes Keystone Symposia meetings exciting, productive, and inspiring. The 30 or so Keystone Symposia staff and approximately 60 members of its Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) deserve much of the credit for this success. Equally crucial are the contributions made by the meeting organizers, speakers, poster presenters, and all of the other attendees. We are proud of the success of Keystone Symposia, but we are always looking to improve what we do. To this end, I invite you to share your experiences of Keystone Symposia and your suggestions for how we might do even better.

Andrew D. Robertson, Ph.D. Chief Scientific Officer, Keystone Symposia

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Profile of a Scientific Advisory Board Member

rofessor Juleen Zierath describes her first Keystone Symposia meeting as “electrifying.” “It was the most fantastic meeting I had been to in my life. It Pwas truly a unique opportunity to share ideas and build lasting relationships.” Zierath is head of the Section of Integrative Physiology of the Department of Molecular Medicine at the Karolinska Institute, one of Europe’s leading medical schools, where she also received her Ph.D. She is primarily focused on researching the cellular mechanisms underlying the development of insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetes. Internationally recognized for her work, she has received the prestigious Minkowski Prize from the European Association for the Study of Diabetes as well as a Strategic Research Grant from the Foundation for Strategic Research in Sweden. In 2006, she began an appointment on the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, which is a group of 50 professors who Professor Juleen Zierath select the winner of the annual Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.

Since attending Keystone Symposia’s first-ever diabetes meeting, Zierath has attended an average of two Keystone Symposia meetings per year. She was named to its Scientific Advisory Board in 2004.

Comprised of approximately 60 scientists from both academia and industry, the Scientific Advisory Board meets semi-annually in January and June to brainstorm and develop future meeting topics. Zierath says she enjoys the interchange among a group of people who are focused first and foremost on the quality of the science. She marvels at the “spontaneous combustion of ideas” emerging from the SAB meetings. Moreover, she comments, “No-one is self-serving. The general mindset of everyone there is to produce the best science, but the format also tends to provide its own balances to prevent anyone from pushing a hidden agenda.” To ensure the most rigorous possible peer review, Zierath makes herself available to meeting organizers to help further refine the presentation topics and speaker selection even after the final choice of topics and organizers has been made.

Originally from Wisconsin, Zierath has been living in Sweden almost continuously since 1989 with the exception of a period in the mid-1990s when she completed post-doc work at Harvard Medical School. She travels back to the United States frequently and is an Adjunct Professor at Boston University. She looks forward to the Keystone meetings as an opportunity to reconnect with colleagues and build new collaborations. “The small meeting format tends to encourage a level of interaction you just don’t get at a larger meeting.” The free time is also valuable to spark creativity, she says. “It is not uncommon to have formulated a new idea for an experiment after riding the ski lift a few times with like-minded researchers.”

In her experience working overseas and currently managing a lab comprised of individuals from Europe, Asia, and the Americas, Zierath has found that Keystone Symposia is equally recognized and respected abroad as on its home turf. “Young scientists consider it one of the most prestigious honors possible to be asked to speak at a Keystone meeting. It’s a great place to be recognized for your contribution.” Zierath also cannot say enough about those working behind the scenes to make the meetings possible. “The staff is extraordinary… so professional, dedicated, and enthusiastic. Things really get done.”

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Profile of a Young Scientist

r. Francisco Quintana was thrilled when he learned his abstract had been accepted for a short talk at Keystone Symposia’s “Regulatory T Cells” conference in Vancouver, British Columbia in DFebruary 2007. This was the first Keystone Symposia event he had attended, and he enjoyed all aspects of the experience.

“In a single meeting,” he says, “it was possible for the participant to find out everything known about regulatory T cells as well as to grasp upcoming research. It was also an excellent opportunity to interact with leaders in the field… to forge new links and to put faces to names.” This benefited him long after the conference, he said, as he has continued interactions with those he had met in Vancouver. “The meeting enabled us to Quintana’s short talk was entitled “FOXP3-Mediated Immunoregulation in critically rethink the field o Zebrafish.” His research has first aimed to demonstrate that T-reg cells are present in and to establish more effic zebrafish and then to show that the zebrafish is a useful model to identify signaling between biologists and eng pathways that control the immune response. Because of the similarity of the — Dr. Gordana Vunjak-Novako zebrafish’s immunoregulatory mechanisms to those in mammals, such a model can the “Tissue Engineering and D help scientists study the genetic factors that control immunity and tolerance. Biology” meeting in Snowbird

He has already made plans to attend another Keystone Symposia conference – “Tolerance in Transplantation and Autoimmunity” – in January 2008 at Keystone Resort in Colorado.

A native of Argentina who received his Ph.D. at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel in 2003, “In a single meeting, it was Quintana now splits his time between Harvard participant to find out every Medical School and Brigham and Women’s regulatory T cells and to gr Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, where he research.” conducts research and serves as an Instructor of — Dr. Francisco Quintana, Shor Neurology. Part of his research is funded by the “Regulatory T Cells” meeting i Human Frontier Science Program. February 2007

Regarding the format of the Keystone conference, he describes it as perfect. “At most conferences, Dr. Francisco Quintana people tend to walk away in the poster session. At the Keystone meeting, there were both students and investigators during the evening poster sessions.” He sums up his Keystone Symposia experience as “very informative, very valuable… the conference gives researchers just the type of exposure they need.”

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Profile of a Meeting Organizer

r. Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic thoroughly enjoyed her experience organizing the April 2007 meeting on “Tissue Engineering and DDevelopment Biology” at Snowbird Resort in Utah. She was approached about organizing such a meeting for Keystone Symposia while at “Tissue Engineering 2020” in Boston, an NIH-funded meeting she had co-organized with a colleague. Working closely with Boston-based David Kaplan and Seattle-based Randall Moon, she spent approximately two years planning the Keystone meeting. The conference exceeded estimates, drawing 270 attendees from as far afield as Australia, Israel, and New Zealand. An impressive 92.05% of attendees rated the Dr. Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic meeting as very good or excellent. us to step back and eld of tissue engineering, Arduous as a two-year planning process may sound, Vunjak-Novakovic says she would efficient interactions welcome organizing a future meeting. “I don’t know of a better organization,” she says d engineers.” of Keystone Symposia. “You only need to think about the science, your program, and who to invite. Everything else is handled by the staff.” vakovic, Organizer of and Development A native of the former Yugoslavia but now a US citizen, Vunjak-Novakovic is a pioneer wbird, Utah, April 2007 in the field of tissue engineering, where she has worked for approximately 15 years after initially starting her career as a chemical engineer. Now, as Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Columbia University and Co-Director of the NIH Tissue Engineering Resource Center (TERC), she is researching biophysical regulation of stem cells, design and utilization of advanced bioreactors, and functional tissue engineering for application in regenerative medicine. She is widely published, holds 25 patents, and is a frequent advisor to governmental organizations on bioreactors, tissue was possible for the engineering, and regenerative medicine. She is a member of the American Institute for everything known about Medical and Biological Engineering. o grasp upcoming A unique aspect of tissue engineering is its interrelationship with other disciplines and in particular with development biology. “Development biology provides the logic. The Short Talk Speaker at the Keystone meeting brought together experts from both fields, allowing for invaluable ting in Vancouver, Canada, cross-fertilization of ideas and insights.” Initially, she was greeted with skepticism that such a meeting could be productive. “People told me that biologists and engineers would not talk to each other. This was not the case at all. These are two communities who think in totally different ways, but they absolutely came together at the meeting.”

To make the meeting work, Vunjak-Novakovic and her co-organizers selected one unifying theme for each of the four days, then designed the morning and evening sessions such that each theme would be addressed from the standpoint of biology and engineering, respectively. “The meeting enabled us to step back and critically rethink the field of tissue engineering, and to establish more efficient interactions between the biologists and engineers.”

Vunjak-Novakovic also highly endorses the format of Keystone meetings. “Some of your best conversations occur on the ski lift,” she recalls.

Since the meeting, Vunjak-Novakovic has heard only positive feedback as well as interest in a future conference of its type. She was particularly heartened by the large number of young investigators at the meeting, many of whom received NIH funding to make their attendance possible.

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Board of Directors Curtis C. Harris, M.D. Stephen W. Fesik, Ph.D. Chairman of the Board, Keystone Symposia Chair, Nominating Committee, Keystone Symposia Chief, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Divisional Vice President, NCI / National Institutes of Health Cancer Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Craig B. Thompson, M.D. Abbott Laboratories Secretary of the Board, Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board, and Leslie A. Leinwand, Ph.D. Program Committee Chair, Keystone Symposia Professor and Chair, Scientific Director, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular, University of Pennsylvania Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Walter H. Moos, Ph.D. Treasurer of the Board and Margaret A. Liu, M.D. Chair, Finance Committee, Keystone Symposia Chair, Development Committee, Keystone Symposia Vice President, Biosciences Division, SRI International ProTherImmune Visiting Professor, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm James W. Aiken, Ph.D. President and Chief Executive Officer, Tony Pawson, Ph.D. Keystone Symposia Senior Investigator, Centre for Systems Biology, Kenneth W. Bair, Ph.D. Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Toronto Chair, Keystone Symposia Audit Committee Senior Vice President, Research & Development, Alan Sher, Ph.D. EntreMed, Inc. Immunologist, Bethesda, Maryland

Robert W. Craig EMERITUS BOARD MEMBERS: President Emeritus, The Keystone Center Ralph A. Bradshaw, Ph.D. Raymond N. DuBois, M.D., Ph.D. Professor, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Deputy Director, Vice President and Provost, Mass Spectrometry Facility, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center University of California, San Francisco

Beverly M. Emerson, Ph.D. Edward A. Dennis, Ph.D. Chair, Personnel Committee, Keystone Symposia Professor and Chair, Chemistry and Biochemistry, Professor, Regulatory Biology Laboratory, Revelle College and School of Medicine, Salk Institute University of California, San Diego Staff Jim Aiken, Chief Executive Officer Amanda Deem, Development Associate Pam Daugherty, Chief Financial Officer Karen Fitzpatrick, Development Associate Andy Robertson, Chief Scientific Officer Heather Gerhart, Grants Coordinator / Program Analyst Linda Hrycaj, Senior Director, Strategic Planning & Meeting Management Dana Wood, Marketing Associate Heidi Daetwyler-Simpson, Director, Meeting Management Jenny Fearing, Program Implementation Assistant Jeannie Dalrymple, Director, Program Development & Implementation Allison Ogdon, Program Implementation Assistant Tanya Muller, Director, Information Technology Barbara Schmid-Miller, Program Implementation Assistant Yvonne Psaila, Director, Marketing & Communications Ksenia Shambarger, Scholarships Coordinator Mary Jo Roal, Director, Human Resources Kathy Tavares, Program Development / Implementation Supervisor Kellie McConnell, Manager, Customer Service Grace Roath, Office Manager Linda Cooper, Publications Assistant Rebecca Wilkerson, Finance Assistant

Lindsey Heilmann, Customer Service Representative David Adamson, On-Site Staff Patty Lehman, Customer Service Representative Arne Ahlstrom, On-Site Staff Amy Porter, Seasonal Logistics Coordinator Carol Bosserman, On-Site Staff Amber Tuttle, Conference Coordinator Mary Brown, On-Site Staff Caroline Brendel, Executive Administrative Assistant Bonnie Kirschenbaum, On-Site Staff Lev Chapin, Web Designer / Developer Annie Page, On-Site Staff Mike Lachata, Information Technology Programmer Julie Roll, On-Site Staff 12 fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:20 PM Page 13

Scientific Advisory Board (all current and emeritus board members are also members) Thomas H. Adams, Ph.D. and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg NeoTREX, CSU Ventures, Colorado State Director, Yield and Emerging Technologies, School of Public Health University Monsanto Company Steven Henikoff, Ph.D. Catherine E. Peishoff, Ph.D. Ruedi H. Aebersold, Ph.D. Investigator, HHMI Vice President, Computational Institute for Molecular Systems Biology Basic Sciences Division Member, and Structural Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals K. Frank Austen, M.D. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Director, Inflammation and Roger R. Reddel, Ph.D. Zdenek Hostomsky, Ph.D. Allergic Diseases Research Section, Acting Director, Senior Director, PGRD La Jolla Laboratories, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Children’s Medical Research Institute Pfizer Inc. Harvard Medical School Charles H. Reynolds, Ph.D. Gary S. Jacob, Ph.D. C. Frank Bennett, Ph.D. Research Fellow, Drug Discovery, Chief Executive Officer, Vice President, Antisense Research, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical R&D Callisto Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Andrew D. Robertson, Ph.D. Satish Jindal, Ph.D. Peter R. Bernstein, Ph.D. Chief Scientific Officer, Keystone Symposia Vice President and Site Head, Senior Principal Scientist, CNS Discovery, Adjunct Professor, Biochemistry, Schering Plough Research Institute AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP University of Iowa Elliott D. Kieff, M.D., Ph.D. Stephen L. Brenner, Ph.D. Nadia A. Rosenthal, Ph.D. Albee Professor, Medicine, Microbiology, Vice President, Molecular Biosciences, Director, EMBL Monterotondo and Molecular Genetics, Harvard University Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Mouse Biology Unit, European Molecular Kyle L. Kolaja, Ph.D., D.A.B.T. Biology Laboratory Steven P. Briggs, Ph.D. Director, Investigative Toxicology, Professor, Division of Biological Sciences, John A. Schmidt, M.D. Roche Palo Alto University of California, San Diego Head of RRADG, sanofi-aventis Victor E. Kotelianski, M.D., Ph.D. Leslie J. Browne, Ph.D. Julian I. Schroeder, Ph.D. Vice President, Research Biology, Alnylam President and Chief Executive Officer, Professor, Biology, Division of Biological Pharmaceuticals Pharmacopeia Drug Discovery, Inc. Sciences, University of California, San Diego William J. Lennarz, Ph.D. Thomas F. Bumol, Ph.D. Ulla Grove Sidelmann, Ph.D. Chairman, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vice President, BioTechnology Discovery Corporate Vice President, Protein Engineering, State University of New York, Stony Brook Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Novo Nordisk A/S Eli Lilly and Company Ivan M. Lieberburg, M.D., Ph.D. B. Michael Silber, Ph.D. Executive Vice President, Chief Scientific and Judith Campisi, Ph.D. Chief, Drug Discovery R&D Medical Officer, Elan Corporation Senior Scientist, Life Sciences Division, Adjunct Professor of Neurology and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Edison T. Liu, M.D. Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute for Executive Director, Genome Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Vishva M. Dixit, M.D. Singapore University of California, San Diego Vice President of Research, Molecular Oncology Department, Genentech, Inc. Karolin Luger, Ph.D. Gerald (Jerry) Siu, M.D., Ph.D. Investigator, HHMI Fellow, Department of Inflammation, Robert H. Eckel, M.D. Associate Professor, Department of Molecular Amgen, Inc. Charles A. Boettcher Endowed Chair in Biology and Biochemistry, Colorado State Atherosclerosis, Professor of Medicine and of University James P. Sullivan, Ph.D. Physiology and Biophysics, and Program Divisional Vice President, Neuroscience Director, Adult GCRC, Medicine/Endocrinology, Andrew R. Marks, M.D. Discovery, Abbott Laboratories University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Clyde and Helen Wu Professor, Molecular Cardiology, and Professor and Chair, Rebecca A. Taub, M.D. John H. Eldridge, Ph.D. Department of Physiology and Cellular Vice President, Research, Assistant Vice President, Immunology and Biophysics, Columbia University College of Metabolic Diseases, Technology Development, Physicians and Surgeons Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Wyeth Vaccines Research Keith McCullagh, Ph.D., B.V.Sc., MRCVS Thomas Tuschl, Ph.D. Lee M. Ellis, M.D. CFO, Santaris Pharma A/S HHMI Investigator Professor, Surgery and Cancer Biology, Associate Professor, Laboratory of RNA Surgical Oncology and Cancer Biology, John McPherson, Ph.D. Molecular Biology, Rockefeller Institute MD Anderson Cancer Center Senior Vice President, Cell and Protein Research and Development, Genzyme Corp. Ian A. Wilson, Ph.D., Sc.D., FRS Peter M. Finan, Ph.D. Professor, Department of Molecular Biology Director, Pathways Biology, Developmental and Gary J. Nabel, M.D., Ph.D. and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for Director, Vaccine Research Center, Biology, The Scripps Research Institute BioMedical Research, Inc. NIAID / National Institutes of Health Qimin Zhan, M.D. Douglas R. Green, Ph.D. Donald W. Nicholson, Ph.D. Professor and Director, Doherty Chair of Immunology, Vice President, Immunology and Infectious State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Immunology, Diseases, Merck Research Laboratories, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital Merck & Co., Inc. Juleen R. Zierath, Ph.D. Diane E. Griffin, M.D., Ph.D. Terry J. Opgenorth, Ph.D. Professor, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Professor and Chair, Molecular Microbiology Chief Operating Officer, MicroRX and Karolinska Institute 13 fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:21 PM Page 14

Financial Support

eystone Symposia is fortunate to receive substantial ongoing support from the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, charitable foundations, and individuals. The Symposia is also honored to Kbe the recipient of generous grants from the NIH and other government agencies around the world. These gifts and grants are used to provide scholarships for graduate students and post-doctoral fellows, travel awards for scientists from developing nations, and subsidies for the travel and lodging costs of scientific speakers from academic and other non-profit laboratories and institutions.

GIFTS IN SUPPORT OF THE 2007 MEETING SEASON For our 2007 meeting season, we received a total of $2.73 million from government, corporate, foundation, and private sources. This funding supports Keystone Symposia’s mission to serve as a catalyst for the advancement of biomedical and life sciences and to accelerate applications that benefit society.

Gifts In-Kind Friends (Individuals) 12% 1%

Government (Other) 9% Corporations 38%

Government (NIH) 16%

Foundations 24%

Keystone Symposia gratefully acknowledges donors who gave in the 2007 fiscal year. Their generous support makes possible the outstanding scientific quality of our meetings and unsurpassed opportunities for interaction among attending scientists. To make a gift, please contact the Development office at 970-262-1474. “Friends of the Symposia” donations to The Education Fund can also now be made over the Web at https://www.keystonesymposia.org/Friends/JoinFOTS.cfm.

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This page and the two following pages reflect both monetary and in-kind donations for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2006 and ending June 30, 2007.

SPECIAL BENEFACTORS Donors of $50,000 or above. We are very grateful for their extraordinary commitment to our mission to connect the scientific community and accelerate discoveries that benefit society. • Agency for Science, Technology and • GlaxoSmithKline Research (A*STAR), Singapore • Merck Research Laboratories • Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation • Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research • BioTechniques • Office of AIDS Research, NIH • Genentech, Inc. • Pfizer Global Research & Development

SUSTAINING SPONSORS Donors making a three-year commitment of at least $25,000 per year. Their generous support is crucial to Keystone Symposia’s ability to plan future scientific conferences focused on emerging topics and excellence in science. • Abbott Laboratories • Genentech, Inc. • Novartis Institutes for BioMedical • Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. • Genzyme Corporation Research • Amgen, Inc. • GlaxoSmithKline • Office of AIDS Research, NIH • AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP • Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. • Pfizer Global Research & • Berlex Biosciences • ICOS Corporation Development • Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation • Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical • sanofi-aventis • Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Research & Development, L.L.C. • Wyeth Vaccines Research • Burroughs Wellcome Fund • Merck Research Laboratories • Eli Lilly and Company • Monsanto Company

THE DIRECTORS’ FUND – SPONSOR LEVEL CONFERENCE SPONSORS Donors with unrestricted gifts of $25,000 or more to be Donors with annual gifts of $25,000 or more. These used at the Directors’ discretion. These generous gifts sponsors have directed their gifts toward specific meetings allow us to schedule meetings in a wide variety of of interest to their firm or organization. important areas, many of which are in the early stages of • Abbott Laboratories research. • Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), • AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP Singapore • Berlex Biosciences • Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. • Bristol-Myers Squibb Company • Amgen, Inc. • Chiron Corporation • Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation • Eli Lilly and Company • BioTechniques • Genzyme Corporation • Biovitrum AB • GlaxoSmithKline • Burroughs Wellcome Fund • Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. • Dana Foundation • Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & • EMD Serono, Inc. Development, L.L.C. • Future Science Group • Merck Research Laboratories • Genentech, Inc. • Monsanto Company • ICOS Corporation • Schering-Plough Research Institute • Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation • Merck Research Laboratories • Millipore Corporation • Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research • Office of AIDS Research, NIH • Pfizer Global Research & Development • Pharmacopeia • Public Library of Science (PLoS) • Rockefeller University Press • Royal Society of Chemistry • sanofi-aventis • Wyeth Vaccines Research

Italic type connotes gift in-kind support. 15 fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:21 PM Page 16

BENEFACTORS ($10,000-$24,999) PATRONS ($5,000 - $9,999) • GlaxoSmithKline Oncology • BBSRC – Biotechnology & Biological Sciences • Abbott Laboratories • GlaxoSmithKline UK Research Council, UK • ACS Publications • Integrated DNA • International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) • American Association for the Technologies • Invitrogen Corporation * Advancement of Science • Millennium • ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. * • Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. * Pharmaceuticals, Inc. • March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation • Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. • National Multiple Sclerosis • National Ataxia Foundation • Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Society • Royal Society of Chemistry • Celgene Corporation • Nature Publishing Group • Singapore Tourism Board • Cell Signaling Technology • Novartis Pharma AG • Springer • Dharmacon, Inc. * • Roche Diagnostics GmbH * • UCB Celltech • EntreMed, Inc. • Seahorse Bioscience, Inc. • Fidelity Foundation • Vertex Pharmaceuticals • Genentech, Inc. Incorporated *

DONORS ($2,500 - $4,999) • febit inc. • PeproTech, Inc. * • ALPCO Diagnostics • GeneGo, Inc. • Pfizer Foundation Matching Gifts • Ariadne Genomics • Genetic Engineering News Program • BIOMOL International LP • Gilead Sciences, Inc. • Promega Corporation * • BioVentures, Inc. * • GlaxoSmithKline • Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. • Boston Biochem, Inc. • Hindawi Publishing Corp. • Rett Syndrome Research • Bruker BioSpin Corp. & Bruker AXS Inc. • Horizon Scientific Press Foundation • Cambridge Isotope Laboratories • Imgenex Corporation * • Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. * • Cell Press • Institute for the Study of Aging • Royal Society of Chemistry * • CellCentric Ltd. • Intercell AG • Syngenta Biotechnology, Inc. * • ChemoCentryx, Inc. * • IOP Publishing • Takeda Pharmaceuticals North • Chroma Technology Corporation * • Lalor Foundation America, Inc. • Coley Pharmaceutical Group, Inc. * • Merck Research Laboratories • Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. • Dendreon Corporation * • Nestlé S.A. * • TheScientificWorld • Exiqon A/S • Novus Biologicals, Inc • Varian, Inc.

CONTRIBUTORS (up to $2,499) • GenVec, Inc. • OncoMed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. • Abbott Bioresearch Center • Genzyme Corporation • Pfizer Global Research & Development • Advion BioSciences, Inc. • GlaxoSmithKline Research & • Pfizer Inc. • Agilent Technologies Development, Ltd. • Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., • Alzheimer’s Association • Helicos Biosciences Corporation A Dupont Company • Amgen, Inc. • ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. • Protein Biotechnologies, Inc. * • Anatrace, Inc. • Isotec, a member of the Sigma-Aldrich • Proteolix, Inc. • Biogen Idec, Inc. Group • Proteome Resources LLC • BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc. * • Journal of Clinical Investigation • sanofi-aventis • Blackwell Publishing Ltd. • Kalypsys, Inc. • Senomyx, Inc. • Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd. • KuDOS Pharmaceuticals Ltd. • Society for Mathematical Biology • Bristol-Myers Squibb Company • Matreya LLC • Spectra Gases, Stable Isotopes Group • Cayman Chemical Company, Inc. * • Monsanto Company • TargeGen, Inc. • Cephalon, Inc. * • New Era Enterprises, Inc. • UCB Celltech • Crucell Holland B.V. • Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases • Viral Immunology • Dharmacon, Inc. Pte Ltd • Wyeth Pharmaceuticals • Domantis Limited • Novartis Institutes for BioMedical • EMBO Young Investigator Programme Research • Firmenich SA • Novartis Pharma AG

* Indicates contributor to The Directors’ Fund, which is used at Directors’ discretion. Italic type connotes gift in-kind support.

16 fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:21 PM Page 17

FRIENDS OF KEYSTONE SYMPOSIA 2007 These generous alumni of previous meetings and others with a passion for scientific discovery that benefits society have made gifts to support the Keystone Symposia Education Fund. Through their generosity, we are able to provide scholarships to the next generation of biomedical and life scientists, whose education and careers are enhanced by the opportunity to attend meetings and interact with the world’s leading senior scientists.

DIRECTORS’ TABLE KEYSTONE FRIENDS Takashi Asai Nina Mayorek ($1000 - $4,999) ($100 - $249) Joseph Baar Stuart G. McLaughlin James Aiken Anne Durandy Joanna C. Bakowska Ernestina Melicoff Kenneth W. Bair Christophe J. Echeverri Bonnie B. Blomberg Katalin Mikecz Edward and Martha Dennis Stephen Fesik Nigel John Brand Olaia Naveiras Fund Alfred L. Goldberg Rachel C. Chambers Slobodan Paessler Raymond DuBois Curtis Harris Elisa Ciraci Anna Karolina Palucka Barrie Hesp Wolfgang K. Joklik Trinna Lee Cuellar Eugene Park Margaret A. Liu Mitchell Lazar Bikul Das Alexander Pedroza-González Walter H. Moos & Susan M. Michael M. Lederman Remi Fagard Thorsten Peters Miller Michael H. Malim Clotilde Marie Lucie Gimond Nahum Puebla-Osorio Craig Thompson Robert C. Murphy Timothy Hacker Jared F. Purton Renee Schroeder Fiona Harding Nicholas Restifo KEYSTONE FELLOWS Charles Surh Daniel R. Henderson Okunola Yusuf Sanni-Farinde ($250 - $999) Andrew Martin Tager Nico V. Henriquez Klaus Seuwen Robert W. Craig Leslie B. Vosshall Craig Hopple Frederic Sierro Beverly M. Emerson Juleen R. Zierath Arne Lund Jørgensen Melinda Shelley Suchard Vijay Kalra Takanori Kanai Kazuhiro Tamura Phillippa & Ken Kassover KEYSTONE CONTRIBUTORS Si-Kwan Kim James W. Thomas Anthony Pawson ($10 - $99) Sergey Korolev Michel J.F. Walravens Andrew D. Robertson Neema Agrawal Udayasankar Kumaraguru Reza Zarnegar Ralph Steinman Alex Almasan Jung Joon Lee

“The meeting was an eye opener to me. Many thanks to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for making my dream come true. I hope to use what I learned to improve the lives of my fellow Africans. Many thanks to the Keystone Symposia for making the meeting a reality.”

— Bernard N. Kanoi, First-Time Keystone Symposia Attendee, Conference on “Challenges of Global Vaccine Development,” Cape Town, Oct. 2007

Keystone conference in Cape Town, South Africa

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Statement of Financial Condition Report of Management

Management prepared and is responsible for the condensed financial statements which are presented on these pages. The condensed statement of financial condition and statement of activities included herein were derived from the audited financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2007, which are not separately presented herein. In management’s opinion, such financial statements are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Pamela Daugherty Chief Financial Officer, Keystone Symposia

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION For the year ending June 30, 2007 (with comparative totals for 2006) 2007 2006 ASSETS

Cash $ 1,336,485 $ 1,508,009

Investments 6,910,546 4,331,174

Receivables 1,875,178 1,044,559

Prepaids 113,526 160,812

Cash Held for Others 18,900 5,175

Property and Equipment 122,762 103,808

Other Assets 43,518 36,104

Long-Term Contributions Receivable 798,760 —

Total Assets $ 11,219,675 $ 7,189,641

LIABILITIES

Accounts Payable $ 166,065 $ 135,651

Accrued Liabilities 235,745 214,439

Deferred Revenue 131,425 91,075

Other Liabilities — 5,175

Total Liabilities $ 533,235 $ 446,340

NET ASSETS

Unrestricted $ 7,702,872 $ 5,717,412

Temporarily Restricted 2,983,568 1,025,889

Total Net Assets $ 10,686,440 $ 6,743,301

Total Liabilities and Net Assets $ 11,219,675 $ 7,189,641

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REVENUE EXPENSES Fundraising Miscellaneous Income 2% Investment Income 3% Management 8% & General Contributions Released 21% from Restrictions 8%

Contributions 14%

Registration Fees Program 67% 77%

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES For the year ending June 30, 2007 (with comparative totals for 2006) 2007 2006

Temporarily Total Total Unrestricted Restricted REVENUE

Registration Fees $ 8,174,379 $ — $ 8,174,379 $ 7,345,936

Contributions 1,792,132 2,895,568 4,687,700 2,483,460

Investment Income 953,321 — 953,321 414,541

Miscellaneous Income 360,061 — 360,061 325,021 Contributions Released from Restrictions 937,889 (937,889) — —

Total Revenue $ 12,217,782 $ 1,957,679 $ 14,175,461 $ 10,568,958

EXPENSES

Program $ 7,874,166 $ — $ 7,874,166 $ 7,345,733

Management and General 2,109,644 — 2,109,644 2,080,201

Fundraising 248,512 — 248,512 205,634

Total Expenses $ 10,232,322 $ — $ 10,232,322 $ 9,631,568

Change in Net Assets 1,985,460 1,957,679 3,943,139 937,390

Net Assets – Beginning of Year 5,717,412 1,025,889 6,743,301 5,805,911

Net Assets – End of Year $ 7,702,872 $ 2,983,568 $ 10,686,440 $ 6,743,301

The full audited report is available at www.keystonesymposia.org. 19 fp_AnnReport2007:Layout 1 1/22/2008 2:22 PM Page 20

Catalyzing Scientific Advances

Facilitating Global Collaborations

Supporting Emerging Scientists

Keystone Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology P.O. Box 1630 221 Summit Place #272 Silverthorne, Colorado 80498 USA

1-800-253-0685 • 1-970-262-1230 WWW.KEYSTONESYMPOSIA.ORG