“개인용항공기(PAV) 기술시장 동향 및 산업환경 분석 보고서” PAV(Personal Aerial Vehicle) 등장 배경 및 필요성 서론 오늘날 현대 사회는 거리 위 수많은 자동차로 인한 대기오염과 극심한 교통정체로 몸살을 앓고 있 다
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1954 Aerocar One
1954 Aerocar One Aerocar International's Aerocar (often called the Taylor Aerocar ) was an American roadable aircraft, designed and built by Moulton Taylor in Longview, Washington, in 1949. Although six examples were built, the Aerocar never entered production. Design and development Taylor's design of a roadable aircraft dates back to 1946. During a trip to Delaware, he met inventor Robert E. Fulton, Jr., who had designed an earlier roadable airplane, the Aerophobia. Taylor recognized that the detachable wings of Fulton’s design would be better replaced by folding wings. His prototype Aerocar utilized folding wings that allowed the road vehicle to be converted into flight mode in five minutes by one person. When the rear license plate was flipped up, the operator could connect the propeller shaft and attach a pusher propeller. The same engine drove the front wheels through a three-speed manual transmission. When operated as an aircraft, the road transmission was simply left in neutral (though backing up during taxiing was possible by the using the reverse gear.) On the road, the wings and tail unit were designed to be towed behind the vehicle. Aerocars could drive up to 60 miles per hour and have a top airspeed of 110 miles per hour. Testing and certification Civil certification was gained in 1956 under the auspices of the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA), and Taylor reached a deal with Ling-Temco-Vought for serial production on the proviso that he was able to attract 500 orders. When he was able to find only half that number of buyers, plans for production ended, and only six examples were built, with one still flying as of 2008 and another rebuilt by Taylor into the only Aerocar III. -
3.0 the Autonomous Transportation System (ATS)
3.0 The Autonomous Transportation System (ATS) Concept The world is on the cusp of a completely new mode of transportation using electric powered, networked, fully autonomous vehicles. A new Autonomous Transportation System (ATS) is needed to facilitate this transformation within the U.S., to include standards for the development, manufacture and operation of autonomous Aerial Vehicles (AVs) and Ground Vehicles (GVs). This document proposes strategic-level standards for the ATS and for autonomous AVs and GVs, to enable safe, secure, reliable and swift transport of cargo and human passengers. Further, it proposes standards to safely incorporate traditional manually operated ground vehicles, pilot-controlled aircraft, and smalls drones into the system – initially and perpetually. Topics, features, and design solutions presented in this document are the proposed strategic- level standards. The proposed new ATS includes the people, facilities, and hardware/software (HW/SW) required to manage, operate, and monitor all GVs operating on the ground, and all AVs operating within the authorized public airspace. The standards will ensure cargo, passengers, and people and property on the ground are kept safe, now and into the future. OVER’s vision and intention is that this proposed ATS be discussed and revised as necessary by transportation and aerospace industry experts, government experts (DOT, FAA, etc.), and the American public. Once revised, it can provide a baseline for final standards to govern the design, production, integration and operation of large, fully autonomous GVs traversing public roads and AVs flying within the public airspace. The final ATS will ensure that all autonomous GVs/AVs are safe, secure, reliable and fully compatible with the HW, SW, networking and communication requirements, regardless of manufacturer, or will not be allowed to operate. -
FLYING CARS / ROADABLE AIRPLANES AUGUST 2012 Please Send Updates and Comments to Tom Teel: [email protected] Terrafugia
FLYING CARS / ROADABLE AIRPLANES AUGUST 2012 Please send updates and comments to Tom Teel: [email protected] Terrafugia INTERNATIONAL FLYING CAR ASSOCIATION http://www.flyingcarassociation.com We'd like to welcome you to the International Flying Car Association. Our goal is to help advance the emerging flying car industry by creating a central resource for information and communication between those involved in the industry, news networks, governments, and those seeking further information worldwide. The flying car industry is in its formative stages, and so is IFCA. Until this site is fully completed, we'd like to recommend you visit one of these IFCA Accredited Sites. www.flyingcars.com www.flyingcarreviews.com www.flyingcarnews.com www.flyingcarforums.com REFERENCE INFORMATION Roadable Times http://www.roadabletimes.com Transformer - Coming to a Theater Near You? http://www.aviationweek.com/Blogs.aspx?plckBlo PARAJET AUTOMOTIVE - SKYCAR gId=Blog:a68cb417-3364-4fbf-a9dd- http://www.parajetautomotive.com/ 4feda680ec9c&plckController=Blog&plckBlogPage= In January 2009 the Parajet Skycar expedition BlogViewPost&newspaperUserId=a68cb417-3364- team, led by former British army officer Neil 4fbf-a9dd- Laughton and Skycar inventor Gilo Cardozo 4feda680ec9c&plckPostId=Blog%253aa68cb417- successfully completed its inaugural flight, an 3364-4fbf-a9dd- incredible journey from the picturesque 4feda680ec9cPost%253a6b784c89-7017-46e5- surroundings of London to Tombouctou. 80f9- Supported by an experienced team of overland 41a312539180&plckScript=blogScript&plckElement -
The the Roadable Aircraft Story
www.PDHcenter.com www.PDHonline.org Table of Contents What Next, Slide/s Part Description Flying Cars? 1N/ATitle 2 N/A Table of Contents 3~53 1 The Holy Grail 54~101 2 Learning to Fly The 102~155 3 The Challenge 156~194 4 Two Types Roadable 195~317 5 One Way or Another 318~427 6 Between the Wars Aircraft 428~456 7 The War Years 457~572 8 Post-War Story 573~636 9 Back to the Future 1 637~750 10 Next Generation 2 Part 1 Exceeding the Grasp The Holy Grail 3 4 “Ah, but a man’s reach should exceed his grasp, or what’s a heaven f?for? Robert Browning, Poet Above: caption: “The Cars of Tomorrow - 1958 Pontiac” Left: a “Flying Auto,” as featured on the 5 cover of Mechanics and Handi- 6 craft magazine, January 1937 © J.M. Syken 1 www.PDHcenter.com www.PDHonline.org Above: for decades, people have dreamed of flying cars. This con- ceptual design appeared in a ca. 1950s issue of Popular Mechanics The Future That Never Was magazine Left: cover of the Dec. 1947 issue of the French magazine Sciences et Techniques Pour Tous featur- ing GM’s “RocAtomic” Hovercar: “Powered by atomic energy, this vehicle has no wheels and floats a few centimeters above the road.” Designers of flying cars borrowed freely from this image; from 7 the giant nacelles and tail 8 fins to the bubble canopy. Tekhnika Molodezhi (“Tech- nology for the Youth”) is a Russian monthly science ma- gazine that’s been published since 1933. -
Ano Desenvolvedor Modelos Status Motivo Foto 1917 Glenn Curtiss Curtiss Autoplane Falha Projeto Deixado De Lado Devido a 1ª
Ano Desenvolvedor Modelos Status Motivo Foto Projeto deixado Curtiss de lado devido a 1917 Glenn Curtiss Falha Autoplane 1ª Guerra Mundial Modo 1921 Rene Tampier Roadable Falha carro/avião não automatizado. Raúl Pateras Carro- Não há registros 1922 Falha Pescaras Cóptero de protótipos. Waldo Waterman 1937 - - Waterman Arrowbile Dixon Sem registro de 1940 Jess Dixon Falha Flying Car voo. Consumo excessivo de Governo Hafner 1944 Falha combustível e Britânico Rotabuggy operação complicada. Falta de 1945 Robert Fulton Airphibian Falha investidores. Acidente de voo Ted Hall que matou o 1947 ConvAirCar Falha Convair piloto e projetista. Taylor Existem versões 1949 Moulton Taylor Aerocar, Sucesso melhoradas. s200 Morte do 1953 Leland D. Bryan Autoplane Falha projetista em um voo de teste. Altura máxima 1957 David Dobbins Simcopter Falha do solo de 1,5m Grupo União Desenvolvido do - Européia Mycopter Conceito projeto conceito. (Concórscio) Eficiência menor Piasecki que um Piasecki 1957 VZ-8 Falha helicóptero no Helicopter Airgeep transporte de pessoas. Curtiss- 1958 Curtiss-Wright Wright VZ- Falha - 7 Carro Modelo Roy L. Clough, 1962 Voador do Conceito detalhado em Jr Futuro escala reduzida Sky - Aircar - Protótipo Technologies Henry Smolinski Morte dos 1971 AVE(Advanced AVE Mizar Falha projetistas em Vehicle voo teste. Engineers) Incapaz de 1974 Avro Aircraft Avrocar Falha alcançar os objetivos Está à venda Arlington Sky 1980 Protótipo protótipo deste Washington Commuter modelo. G150, Sem previsão G412, para o 1996 Gizio Conceito G440 e lançamento do G450 protótipo. Skycar Aguardando - Parajet Expedition, Sucesso liberação para SkyRunner produção. SkyRider - Macro/Alabama - Projeto X2R Moller Existem vários M100, protótipos em Moller 2002 M200G e Desenvolvimento teste, porém International M400 sem previsão de Skycar lançamento. -
Study on the Societal Acceptance of Urban Air Mobility in Europe
Study on the societal acceptance of Urban Air Mobility in Europe May 19, 2021 Confidential and proprietary. Any use of this material without specific permission of EASA is strictly prohibited. 8A0846_Report_Spreads_210518_Langversion.indd 1 19.05.2021 12:55:16 Further information and the full survey insights are available at easa.europa.eu/UAM This study has been carried out for EASA by McKinsey & Company upon award of a specific contract implementing a running multiple framework contract for the provision of consultancy services. Consequently, it does not necessarily express the views of EASA itself, nor should it be relied upon as a statement, as any form of warranty, representation, undertaking, contractual, or other binding commitment upon EASA. Ownership of all copyright and other IPR in this material including any documentation, data and technical information, remains vested to EASA. All logo, copyrights, trademarks, that may be contained within, are the property of their respective owners. Reproduction of this study, in whole or in part, is permitted under the condition that this Disclaimer remains clearly and visibly affixed in full at all times with such reproduced part. This study has measured the attitude of the EU society towards UAM early 2021, well in advance of future deployment in EU cities foreseen around 2024-2025. The results have been generated with best effort at this point in time, however public perception may change over time once citizens are exposed to actual UAM operations. 8A0846_Report_Spreads_210518_Langversion.indd 2 19.05.2021 12:55:16 Executive Summary New technologies such as the enhancement of battery technologies and electric propulsion as well as major investments made into start-ups are enabling the development of new vertical take-off and landing Urban Air Mobility (UAM) aircraft. -
The Future of Aviation
THE FUTURE OF AVIATION BY CHARLES BOMBARDIER BY CHARLES BOMBARDIER NGAP 2018 AVIATION HAS ALWAYS BEEN A DRIVER FOR INNOVATION Today we build on the work of those who came and went before us. Tinkerers, designers, engineers are constantly creating new ideas and concepts that will shape the world of tomorrow. This book represents a few of those dreams. We hope that it will be a source of inspiration for innovators and also encouragement for the next generation of aviation professionals! To learn more about the Future of Flight, and to consider entering your ideas into the THE FUTURE OF AVIATION national aviation innovation competitions which ICAO is helping countries to conduct around the world during 2019, please visit: icao.int/futureaviation THE FUTURE OF AVIATION ICAO - NGAP 2019 START-UPS & COMPANIES Aerofex, Aeromobil, Arca, Aurora, Cartivator, DeLorean Aerospace, EHANG, FlytCycle, Hirobo, Hoversurf, Hybrid Air Vehicles, Kitty Hawk, Leonardo, Lilium, Omniboard, Opener, Pale V, Parsifal, UBER, UDES, Volocopter, XTI Aircraft, Zapata INDUSTRIAL DESIGNERS Jorge Ciprian, Adolfo Esquivel, Ray Mattison, Brian R. Miller, Martin Rico, Robin Ritter, Martin Rojtenberg, Abhishek Roy Ashish Thulkar ARTWORK AND LAYOUT Marie-Claude Meilleur DRAFTING AND EDITING Charles Bombardier, Danielle Ellis PHOTOGRAPHER Christine Muschi, Henrickson PUBLISHER ICAO 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard, Montréal, Québec H3C 5H7, Canada E-MAIL [email protected] R ICAO 2018 All rights reserved. Any partial or complete, direct or indirect, reproduction, representation, broadcasting, translation, distribution, use, sharing or transferof this content by any means whatsoever is forbidden unless prior formal authorisation from the publisher. LEGAL DEPOSIT: DECEMBER 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT THE AUTHOR p. -
Vehículos Híbridos Que Vuelan Y Ruedan (I) UNITED STATES Coches Voladores
EUROPE LATAM MIDDLE EAST Vehículos híbridos que vuelan y ruedan (I) UNITED STATES www.aertecsolutions.com Coches voladores Los coches voladores en el cine: Blade Runner, 1910 I Guerra Mundial 1920 1930 II Guerra Mundial 1940 1950 1960 (1914-1918) (1939-1945) Volver al futuro o El Quinto Elemento Jess Dixon's Flying Automobile Aerauto PL.5C Autoplane Ercoupe Autoplane Bryan Autoplane Curtiss Autoplane Tampier Roadable Biplane Windmill Autoplane Jess Dixon’s Flying Aerauto PL.5C Autoplane Ercoupe Autoplane Curtiss-Wright VZ-7 D-Hagu 1958 1917 –Glenn Curtiss 1921 –René Tampier 1935 –Edward A. Stalker 1940 Automobile 1949 –Luigi Pellarini 1950 –James W. Holland –Curtiss-Wright 1965 (The Wagner Aerocar) Se presentó en la Exposición Presentado en el Paris Air Show Fue el primer intento de un coche –Jess Dixon Pensado para un piloto y un De fuselaje monoplano, plegaba Vehículo fabricado para el ejército –Alfred Vogt Aeronáutica Panamericana de de 1921 (Le Bourget), fue probado volador tipo autogiro. Monocóptero pensado para los pasajero, utilizaba la propulsión de las alas para andar por carretera. de los EE.UU., diseñado para Un helicóptero algo peculiar, el Nueva York y fue el primer coche con éxito e impresionó a la problemas de tráfico en la ciudad. las hélices también para moverse Al no cumplir las normas de actuar como "jeep de vuelo". Con D-Hagu fue diseñado a partir del que llegó a volar realmente. multitud. Las alas se doblaban Autogiro AC-35 Autoplane Era un vehículo pequeño para por la carretera, lo que lo convertía seguridad vial de EE.UU., su cuatro hélices (un par a cada lado rotocar III y el helicóptero Sky-Trac La cabina era de aluminio, motor hacia atrás y se accionaba un 1936 –Autogiro Company of America transportar sólo al piloto. -
2 1702 1Jahrbuchyearbook
2 0 1 Jahrbuch20Yearbook17 Yearbook Jahrbuch 04 foreword bavarian minister 05 of economic affairs Ilse Aigner Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren Dear Ladies and Gentlemen Bayerische Wirtschaftsministerin Bavarian Minister of Economic Affairs Die stetig steigende Nachfrage nach Mobilität und eine zuneh- The continuous increase in demand for mobility and the mende internationale Vernetzung in der Wirtschaft stellen den growing international economic network face the avia- Luftverkehr vor große Herausforderungen. Die Luftfahrt hat sich tion industry with major challenges. Aviation has set das ambitionierte Ziel gesetzt, diesen steigenden Bedarf mit itself ambitious targets for meeting the growing demand einem signifikant verbesserten ökologischen Fußabdruck zu rea- with a significantly improved ecological footprint. This lisieren. Hierfür sind radikal neue technologische und ökonomi- requires radically new technological and business con- sche Konzepte erforderlich. cepts. In Bayern sind mehr als 60 000 Personen in der Luft- und More than 60,000 people are employed in the aero- Raumfahrt beschäftigt. Sie erwirtschaften ein jährliches Umsatz- space industry in Bavaria. They generate annual revenues volumen von rund sieben Milliarden EUR. Von der Forschung of around 7 billion euros. From research and design über den Entwurf bis zum Produkt und dessen langfristige towards the product and its long-term support, all areas Betreuung werden alle Teilbereiche mit hoher Kompetenz ab- are covered with a high level of competence. gedeckt. In order to make Bavaria’s industrial base future- Um die industrielle Basis Bayerns auch langfristig zukunfts- proof in the long term, it is necessary to identify new sicher zu machen, ist es notwendig, frühzeitig neue Technolo- technologies at an early stage and exploit their poten- gien zu identifizieren und Potenziale nutzbar zu machen. -
We All Fly: General Aviation and the Relevance of Flight Exhibition Theme
We All Fly: General Aviation and the Relevance of Flight Exhibition Theme: General aviation flight is everywhere and affects everyone, whether you fly or not. Exhibition Abstract: What is General Aviation? General aviation is all non‐scheduled civilian and non‐military flight and it is woven into the fabric of modern life. As a result, general aviation provides employment, services and transportation for people, companies, and communities around the world. All aviation was “general” until military and scheduled commercial segments were established. Today, nearly 80% of civil aircraft in the United States operated in a segment of general aviation. General aviation accounts for three out of four flight operations in the United States and the U.S. accounts for over half of all general aviation activity in the world. The freedom to fly in the U.S. is like nowhere else on earth. Personal flying accounts for more than a third of all general aviation hours flown. Corporate and business flying accounts for nearly a quarter, and instructional flying almost a fifth. In 2013, nearly 200,000 general aviation aircraft logged 22.9 million flight hours in the U.S. Aside from the movement of people and cargo, general aviation has a surprising economic impact on local airports and communities and in national and global arenas. General aviation is the training ground for our next generation of pilots and, like any industry, offers multidisciplinary employment opportunities. In the larger cultural and social context, general aviation provided the only opportunity, often hard‐fought, for many to participate in aviation. It served as the proving grounds for women and minorities who then entered all aspects of aerospace when the civil rights and women’s movements finally pushed aside legal and social barriers. -
Future of Vertical Flight
www.vtol.org Kenneth Swartz, Regional Director – Americas The Vertical Flight Society www.vtol.org | [email protected] Kitty Hawk Cora © Vertical Flight Society: CC-BY-SA 4.0 © Vertical Flight Society: CC-BY-SA 4.0 Released March 2018 1 www.vtol.org . The international professional society for those working to advance vertical flight – Founded in 1943 as the American Helicopter Society – Everything from VTOL MAVs/UAS to helicopters and eVTOL to STOVL (everything vertical except rockets) CFD of Joby S4, Aug 2015 . Expands knowledge about vertical flight technology and promotes its application around the world . Advances safety and acceptability . Advocates for vertical flight R&D funding . Helps educate and support today’s and tomorrow’s vertical flight engineers and leaders VFF Scholarship Winners at AHS Forum 71, May 2015 © Vertical Flight Society: CC-BY-SA 4.0 2 www.vtol.org © Vertical Flight Society: CC-BY-SA 4.0 3 www.vtol.org . Transformative Vertical Flight Workshops – Building community & developing industry roadmap – https://nari.arc.nasa.gov/wghome . Since 2014, annual series with NASA, etc. 1. Aug 2014, Arlington, Virginia 2. Aug 2015, NASA Ames, California 3. Sep 2016, Hartford, Connecticut 4. Jun 2017, Denver, Colorado 5. Jan 2018, San Francisco, California Uber Elevate 6. Jan 2019, Phoenix, Arizona – Unveiled at 4th Workshop in Sep 2016 7. Jan 2020, Mountain View, California – White Paper in Oct 2016 / Summit in April 2017 . Presentations, videos and links at Developing an “Ecosystem” . http://www.vtol.org/transformative – Partnerships with cities, real estate companies, . Significant funding in electric VTOL >$1B+ aircraft OEMs, EV charger manufacturers & cities – >100 companies developing electric and – Connecting innovators, investors, regulators, hybrid/electric VTOL aircraft technical experts, standards organizations 4 © Vertical Flight Society: CC-BY-SA 4.0 www.vtol.org © Vertical Flight Society: CC-BY-SA 4.0 5 www.vtol.org . -
Samson Switchblade the Flying Car
Samson Switchblade THE Flying Car presented by Jerry Clark EAA 555 Las Cruces 19 November 2019 The Flying Car No more gridlock! But where are the wings? Jules Vern’s 1904 flying boat, car, airplane 1937 Waterman Airrowbile (detachable) 1938 PreWar Car (detachable) 1946 Fulton Airphibian 1947 ConvAirCar 1949 Moulton Taylor Aerocar III (First complete) 6 produced 1949 Moulton Taylor Aerocar III 1949 Moulton Taylor Aerocar III Still struggling with that wing thing! • The Personal Air Vehicle Exploration (PAVE) program at NASA's Langley Research Center developed easy-to-use aircraft that may • • • Take you from your garage to the airport and on to your destination, saving time - and dollars • • "That's always been the dream," said Andrew Hahn, PAVE analyst at Langley, of flying cars. "Our plan is to have a flying demonstrator by [2009]" 2003 NASA PAV Design • Seats: > 5 Goals • • 150–200 mph cruising speed • • Able to be flown by anyone with a driver’s license* • • As affordable as travel by car or airliner • • Near all-weather capability enabled by synthetic vision systems • • Highly fuel efficient 800 miles (1,300 km) range • • • Provide "door-to-door" transportation solutions, through use of small community airports that are in close proximity to 2008 PAVE Tail Fan (aircraft) 2003 NASA PAVE (Small Aircraft Transportation system) • The TailFan tackled some of the biggest challenges to personal air vehicles. • Ease-of-use, new propulsion, cheaper build • • environmental issues like noise and pollution, as well as affordability. • New technologies • ADHARS 2008 PAV DARPA • DARPAs able to fly for 2 hours • Carry 2 to 4 • 8.5 feet wide and less than 24 feet • No higher than 7 feet when in the road configuration • Drive at up to 60 MPH or fly at up to 150 MPH.