Pathos Examples in Literature
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Artist's Statement
Decline And Fall Mark Bernstein Eastgate Systems, Inc. 134 Main Street Watertown MA 02472 USA +1 617 924 9044 [email protected] Potboilers and page-turners may not, indeed, have been the 1. ABSTRACT most pressing concern of literary hypertext, but a generation has now passed. The summer is over, and we Decline and Fall is a new Storyspace hypertext fiction, a school story based loosely on The Trojan Women. It sets out to be an cannot say with great confidence that we know how to exciting hypertext, a potboiler: a hypertext in which things write an exciting hypertext that is not a game. Games are happen, while remaining within the tradition of literary hypertext. fine things, but their excitement substantially stems from the reader’s agency (however problematized) and the CCS Concepts promise (however symbolic) that one might win. Decline and Fall is not a game, at least not beyond the extent to ➝ • Software and its engineering Software creation and which any storyteller and any self-aware reader can be said management ➝ Designing Software • Applied Computing ➝ Computers in other domains. to be playing a game [11]. The plot (that is, the way the underlying story is told) is likely to be different in each Keywords reading, but we begin roughly where The Trojan Women begins, after the fall of Troy1. The reader has no agency in Storyspace, hypertext, hypermedia, literature, fiction, education, design, implementation, support, history of the story world. No man and no god could prevent that fall, computing, maps, links. nor can all your piety and wit cheer up Cassandra or rescue Polyxena, soon to be the bride of dead Achilles. -
Persuasion in the Art of Preaching for the Church
Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project Concordia Seminary Scholarship 5-1-1991 Persuasion in the Art of Preaching for the Church William Matzat Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin Part of the Practical Theology Commons Recommended Citation Matzat, William, "Persuasion in the Art of Preaching for the Church" (1991). Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project. 88. https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin/88 This Major Applied Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PROLOGUE INTRODUCTION iii SECTION ONE CHAPTER 1 PROCLAIMING THE WORD OF GOD FOR THE CHURCH 2 CHAPTER 2 CONNECTING THE PROCLAMATION WITH THE LIFE OF THE HEARER 22 CHAPTER 3 APPLYING LAW AND GOSPEL TO THE HEARER 41 SECTION TWO 54 CHAPTER 4 PERSUASION UNDERSTOOD BY THE ANCIENT AND CONTEMPORARY WORLD 55 CHAPTER 5 PERSUASION IS BASED ON THE TRANSACTION OF THE PROCLAINDE WITH THE HEARER 68 CHAPTER 6 PERSUASION IS IMPLEMENTED BY THE SPIRIT OF GOD 88 SECTION THREE 105 CHAPTER 7 ANALYZING THE PREACHING TASK TODAY 106 CHAPTER 8 EVALUATING THE PREACHING TASK FOR THE CHURCH 122 CHAPTER 9 THE SHARED RESPONSIBILITY OF PREACHING 139 THE CONCLUSION 146 BIBLIOGRAPHY 147 APPENDIX A 151 APPENDIX B 153 APPENDIX C 154 APPENDIX D 155 PROLOGUE THE SOWER REVISITED: A PARABLE As the sun brightened the field and warmed the face of the farmer, he sowed the good seed with rhythmic motion and head held high. -
The Ancient Mariner and Parody
Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons English: Faculty Publications and Other Works Faculty Publications 8-1999 ‘Supernatural, or at Least Romantic': the Ancient Mariner and Parody Steven Jones [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/english_facpubs Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Steven E. Jones, “‘Supernatural, or at Least Romantic': the Ancient Mariner and Parody," Romanticism on the Net, 15 (August 1999). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in English: Faculty Publications and Other Works by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. © Michael Eberle-Sinatra 1996-2006. 'Supernatural, or at Least Romantic': the Ancient Mariner and Parody | Érudit | Romanticism on the Net n15 1999 | 'Supernatural, or at Least Romantic': the Ancient Mariner and Parody [*] Steven E. Jones Loyola University Chicago 1 An ancient literary practice often aligned with satire, parody "comes of age as a major comic expression during the Romantic period," as Marilyn Gaull has observed, the same era that celebrated and became known for the literary virtues of sincerity, authenticity, and originality. [1] Significant recent anthologies of Romantic-period parodies make the sheer bulk and topical range of such imitative works available for readers and critics for the first time, providing ample evidence for the prominence of the form. [2] The weight of evidence in these collections should also put to rest the widespread assumption that parody is inevitably "comic" or gentler than satire, that it is essentially in good fun. -
Speaking from the Heart: Mediation and Sincerity in U.S. Political Speech
Speaking from the Heart: Mediation and Sincerity in U.S. Political Speech David Supp-Montgomerie A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication Studies in the College of Arts and Sciences. Chapel Hill 2013 Approved by: Christian Lundberg V. William Balthrop Carole Blair Lawrence Grossberg William Keith © 2013 David Supp-Montgomerie ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT David Supp-Montgomerie: Speaking from the Heart: Mediation and Sincerity in U.S. Political Speech (Under the direction of Christian Lundberg) This dissertation is a critique of the idea that the artifice of public speech is a problem to be solved. This idea is shown to entail the privilege attributed to purportedly direct or unmediated speech in U.S. public culture. I propose that we attend to the ēthos producing effects of rhetorical concealment by asserting that all public speech is constituted through rhetorical artifice. Wherever an alternative to rhetoric is offered, one finds a rhetoric of non-rhetoric at work. A primary strategy in such rhetoric is the performance of sincerity. In this dissertation, I analyze the function of sincerity in contexts of public deliberation. I seek to show how claims to sincerity are strategic, demonstrate how claims that a speaker employs artifice have been employed to imply a lack of sincerity, and disabuse communication, rhetoric, and deliberative theory of the notion that sincere expression occurs without technology. In Chapter Two I begin with the original problem of artifice for rhetoric in classical Athens in the writings of Plato and Isocrates. -
Rhetorical Appeals (Or Modes of Persuasion)
Rhetorical Appeals (or modes of persuasion) The rhetorical appeals were introduced by Aristotle (382-322 B.C.) in his text Rhetoric: Of the modes of persuasion furnished by the spoken word there are three kinds. [...] Persuasion is achieved by the speaker's personal character when the speech is so spoken as to make us think him credible. [...] Secondly, persuasion may come through the hearers, when the speech stirs their emotions. [...] Thirdly, persuasion is effected through the speech itself when we have proved a truth or an apparent truth by means of the persuasive arguments suitable to the case in question. Three Appeals Ethos Proof in the Persuader (ethical appeal) Arguments based on increasing the writer or the paper’s credibility and authority o How knowledgeable and prepared is the writer Types o Referring to your skills or titles o Research from reliable sources o Personal Experience and/or interest in the topic o References to credible individuals (quotes and paraphrase) Pros: enhances writer; makes other research look better; adds new voices Cons: bias may influence; lack of expertise shows; doesn’t work by itself Pathos (the pathetic) Emotional appeals Arguments based on reactions from readers o Connects argument to reader values Types o Vivid Language (metaphor, simile, word choice) o Examples/Stories o Imagery (ex: animal rights newsletters or arguments about abortion) Pros: highly persuasive; involves readers; can lead to quick action Cons: over-emotion; easier to disprove; readers may have negative reaction Logos Logical appeals Appeals and arguments that refer to factual proof, evidence, and/or reason Types o Statistics o Examples o Cause and Effect o Syllogism (A + B = C) Pros: hard to disprove; highly persuasive; makes writer look more prepared (enhances ethos) Cons: Numbers can lie or confuse; may not intrigue reader (lack of emotion); may be inaccurate Sources to consult: Lunsford, Andrea. -
Application of Rhetoric Appeals in Consumer's Reviews
Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences (BMS) The consumer-to-consumer persuasion: Application of rhetoric appeals in consumer’s reviews Rana Gabriel Taquini M.Sc. Thesis March 2016 Supervisors: Dr. Joyce Karreman Dr. Anna Fenko MSc. Communication Studies Marketing Communication University of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands The consumer-to-consumer persuasion: Application of rhetorical appeals in consumer’s reviews by Rana Gabriel Taquini March, 2016 Presented to the Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences (BMS) University of Twente In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Communication Studies – Marketing Communication Assessed by: ________________________________ [Dr. Joyce Karreman, first thesis supervisor] ________________________________ [Dr. Anna Fenko, second thesis supervisor] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Joyce Karreman for embracing my proposal with truly enthusiasm. Your engagement and support through my learning process for this master thesis was of paramount importance. Furthermore, I would like to thank my second supervisor Dr. Anna Fenko for the attention, useful comments and remarks. Special thanks to Bruno Guasti Motta, for disposing time and attention to be the second coder and for all the support throughout the entire master programme. I owe part of this achievement to you. Also, I would like to thank my loved ones who had a crucial role in my whole life, supporting my decisions and always believing in my plans, despite the distance and the sacrifices. I will be grateful forever for your love and trust. 3 ABSTRACT The human need for interaction explains their engagement in social networks sites and why they are willing to actually make their role in Web 2.0 through User Generated Content (UGC). -
1 No- G COMEDY and the EARLY NOVELS of IRIS MURDOCH Larry
no- G 1 COMEDY AND THE EARLY NOVELS OF IRIS MURDOCH Larry/Rockefeller A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY August 1968 Approved by Doctoral Committee _Adviser Department of English I a Larry Jean Rockefeller 1969 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PREFACE Why has Iris Murdoch failed in her attempt to resur rect the novel of characters? That is the question which has perplexed so many readers who find in her novels sig nificant statements about the human condition rendered by a talent equalled only by a handful of other writers of our time, and it is the question which the pages follow ing try to answer. In general, the implicit argument under lying those pages is tripartite: (1) only comedy of a kind which resembles closely Murdoch's conception of love will allow a novelist to detach himself enough from his charac ters to give them a tolerant scope within which to humanly exist; (2) Murdoch has succeeded in maintaining that balanced synthesis between acceptance and judgement only in her earli est work and only with complete success in The Bell; and (3) the increasingly bitter tone of her satire — not to mention just the mere fact of her use of satire as a mode for character creation — has, in her most recent work, blighted the vitality of her characters by too strictly limiting them to usually negative meanings. Close analysis has been made, hence, of the ways in which comic devices affect us as readers in our perception of Murdoch's per sons. -
Teacher's Edition
TEACHER’SClassical SubjectsEDITION Creatively Taught™ Rhetoric BOOK 1: PRINCIPLESAlive!Alive! OF PERSUASION PERSUASIVE SPEECH AND WRITING IN THE TRADITION OF ARISTOTLE Alyssan Barnes, PhD Dedication: To Annie, June, and Zoe Rhetoric RhetoricAlive! Book Alive! 1: PrinciplesBook 1: Principles of Persuasion of Persuasion Teacher’s Edition © Classical Academic Press, 2016 Version 1.0 ISBN: 978-1-60051-300-8978-1-60051-301-5 All rights reserved. This publication may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of Classical Academic Press. Classical Academic Press 2151 Market Street Camp Hill, PA 17011 www.ClassicalAcademicPress.com Content editors: Christopher Perrin, PhD; Joelle Hodge; and Stephen Barnes Editor: Sharon Berger Illustrator: David Gustafson Book designer: Robert Baddorf PGP.07.16 Table of Contents List of Figures, Tables, and Chart .................................................................................................................. vii Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................ix Acknowledgments ...........................................................................................................................................xi Note to Student ............................................................................................................................................ xii OverviewNote to Teacher -
The Future of Advocacy in Canada
The Advocates’ Society The Right to be Heard: The Future of Advocacy in Canada Final Report of the Modern Advocacy Task Force June 2021 Table of Contents Foreword 3 Acknowledgments 4 Executive Summary 6 Part I—The Modern Advocacy Task Force: Genesis, Mandate and Objectives 7 I.1 The Advocates’ Society 7 I.2 The Genesis and Raison D’être of the Modern Advocacy Task Force 7 I.3 The Mandate and Organization of the Modern Advocacy Task Force 8 I.4 The Modern Advocacy Symposium 8 I.5 The Structure of this Report 9 I.6 A Broader Call to Action 9 Part II—The Origins of Oral Advocacy 9 II.1 The Foundations of Oral Advocacy in History and Jurisprudence 9 Overview 9 Discussion 10 Conclusion 16 II.2 Indigenous Perspectives and Oral Traditions 16 Overview 16 Discussion 16 Conclusion 20 Part III—Learning from the Past, Moving to the Future 20 III.1 Learning and Persuasion: An Examination of Other Disciplines and the Legal Experience 20 Overview 20 Discussion 20 Conclusion 24 III.2 Modes of Hearing in Canada and Beyond 24 Overview 24 Discussion 25 Conclusion 29 III.3 Perspectives from Canadian Justice System Stakeholders 29 Overview 29 Objectives 29 Methodology 30 Results of Stakeholder Consultations 31 Conclusion 42 Part IV—The Way Forward: Key Observations and Task Force Recommendations 42 IV.1 The Work of the Task Force 42 IV.2 Key Observations and Principles Informing the Task Force’s Recommendations 42 IV.3 Recommendations: Model Framework for Determining the Mode of Hearing 45 IV.4 Recommendations Regarding Further Action 46 Endnotes 47 Appendix A 59 The Right to be Heard: The Future of Advocacy in Canada | Page 2 Foreword from Guy J. -
A DANCING of ATTITUDES: BURKE's RHETORIC on SHAKESPEARE By
A DANCING OF ATTITUDES: BURKE'S RHETORIC ON SHAKESPEARE By STEPHEN CHARLES ROWAN M.A., The University of British Columbia, 1975 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF ' THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH We accept this thesis as conforming tA> the required^-s^tandard. THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA September, 1985 © Stephen C. Rowan, 1985. In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. English Department of The University of British Columbia 1956 Main Mall Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Y3 September 18, 1985 ABSTRACT Since F.S. Boas coined the term in 1896, All's Well That Ends Well, Troilus and Cressida, and Measure For Measure have been generally accepted as "problem plays," and many critics have offered biographical, thematic, and formal explanations of why these plays are so "dark." In this thesis, I accept that these plays are "problems" and I propose a rhetorical explanation for dissatisfaction with them, especially with their endings. Drawing on Kenneth Burke's philosophy of literary form and his anthropology of man as the symbol-using animal, I show that in these plays Shakespeare frustrates the expectations of an audience for a definite ending through death or marriage which would define the "terms" characterized in each play; secondly, he provides no scapegoat whose victimage would allow the audience to recognize an order clearly proposed for its acceptance; finally, he supplies no symbol of order which credibly demonstrates its power to establish a renewed society. -
The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms
The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms The Routledge Dictionary of Literary Terms is a twenty-first century update of Roger Fowler’s seminal Dictionary of Modern Critical Terms. Bringing together original entries written by such celebrated theorists as Terry Eagleton and Malcolm Bradbury with new definitions of current terms and controversies, this is the essential reference book for students of literature at all levels. This book includes: ● New definitions of contemporary critical issues such as ‘Cybercriticism’ and ‘Globalization’. ● An exhaustive range of entries, covering numerous aspects to such topics as genre, form, cultural theory and literary technique. ● Complete coverage of traditional and radical approaches to the study and production of literature. ● Thorough accounts of critical terminology and analyses of key academic debates. ● Full cross-referencing throughout and suggestions for further reading. Peter Childs is Professor of Modern English Literature at the University of Gloucestershire. His recent publications include Modernism (Routledge, 2000) and Contemporary Novelists: British Fiction Since 1970 (Palgrave, 2004). Roger Fowler (1939–99), the distinguished and long-serving Professor of English and Linguistics at the University of East Anglia, was the editor of the original Dictionary of Modern Critical Terms (Routledge, 1973, 1987). Also available from Routledge Poetry: The Basics Who’s Who in Contemporary Jeffrey Wainwright Women’s Writing 0–415–28764–2 Edited by Jane Eldridge Miller Shakespeare: The Basics 0–415–15981–4 -
The Problem of Digestive Interpretation in Pope, Swift, And
Wits, Shits, and Crits: The Problem of Digestive Interpretation in Pope, Swift, and Fielding A dissertation submitted for a Ph.D. in English literature Cornell University Christina Susanna Black August 2018 C.S. Black Wits, Shits, Crits 1 © 2018 Christina Susanna Black C.S. Black Wits, Shits, Crits 2 WITS, SHITS, AND CRITS: THE PROBLEM OF DIGESTIVE INTERPRETATION IN POPE, SWIFT, AND FIELDING Christina Susanna Black, Ph.D. Cornell University 2018 My readings of the abundant ingestion and excretion themes in literary works by Fielding, Swift, Montagu, and Pope propose that we can understand these topics as sustained metaphors for the bipartite issues of readers' consumption and writers' incorporation of a literary heritage into these texts. These issues were particularly salient in early eighteenth-century Britain, as printed texts become more broadly available and affordable, and readers could no longer be relied upon to have a top education and sophisticated tools of analysis. Authors like Fielding and Swift also were experimenting in new forms like the novel that had no standards for analysis. These authors were interested in and concerned about how their work and that of their contemporaries would stand up to future scrutiny. How did the changing economic incentives for writing, from courting wealthy patrons to selling in mass volume to unknown readers, affect literature’s claim to everlasting value? Pope was the first English author to earn a sustainable living from his writings, but that new economic viability also spawned Grub Street hack writing, not to mention unsavory publishing practices. In this historical context, sustained metaphors of eating and digesting were a playfully denigrating way for these writers to investigate what it meant to write for consumers, even as the metaphors also revivified older literary traditions and genres by incorporating them into modern contexts.