I ADAPTIVE RHETORIC
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Tracing Autism’ Ambiguity and Difference in a Neuroscientific Research Practice
The London School of Economics and Political Science ‘Tracing Autism’ Ambiguity and difference in a neuroscientific research practice Patrick D. Fitzgerald A thesis submitted to the Department of Sociology of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy London, September 2012 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 88,543 words. I can confirm that portions of this thesis were copy-edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by John MacArtney, Megan Clinch, Joanne Kalogeras, Juljan Krause and Neasa Terry. ________________________________________________________ Des Fitzgerald, September 2012 2 Abstract Tracing Autism is about neuroscientists’ on-going search for a brain-based biomarker for autism. While much recent sociological work has looked at the ‘cerebralization’ of such diverse diagnostic categories as depression, bipolar disorder, psychopathy, addiction, and even autism itself, surprisingly little light has yet been shed on the mundane ways that researchers in the new brain sciences actually think about, reason through, and hold together neurological accounts of complex and emerging diagnostic entities . -
PDF Download Starting with Science Strategies for Introducing Young Children to Inquiry 1St Edition Ebook
STARTING WITH SCIENCE STRATEGIES FOR INTRODUCING YOUNG CHILDREN TO INQUIRY 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Marcia Talhelm Edson | 9781571108074 | | | | | Starting with Science Strategies for Introducing Young Children to Inquiry 1st edition PDF Book The presentation of the material is as good as the material utilizing star trek analogies, ancient wisdom and literature and so much more. Using Multivariate Statistics. Michael Gramling examines the impact of policy on practice in early childhood education. Part of a series on. Schauble and colleagues , for example, found that fifth grade students designed better experiments after instruction about the purpose of experimentation. For example, some suggest that learning about NoS enables children to understand the tentative and developmental NoS and science as a human activity, which makes science more interesting for children to learn Abd-El-Khalick a ; Driver et al. Research on teaching and learning of nature of science. The authors begin with theory in a cultural context as a foundation. What makes professional development effective? Frequently, the term NoS is utilised when considering matters about science. This book is a documentary account of a young intern who worked in the Reggio system in Italy and how she brought this pedagogy home to her school in St. Taking Science to School answers such questions as:. The content of the inquiries in science in the professional development programme was based on the different strands of the primary science curriculum, namely Living Things, Energy and Forces, Materials and Environmental Awareness and Care DES Exit interview. Begin to address the necessity of understanding other usually peer positions before they can discuss or comment on those positions. -
Brain, Body and Culture: a Biocultural Theory of Religion1
METHOD & THEORY in the STUDY OF RELIGION Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 22 (2010) 304-321 brill.nl/mtsr Brain, Body and Culture: A Biocultural Theory of Religion1 Armin W. Geertz Religion, Cognition and Culture Research Unit (RCC), Department of the Study of Religion, Aarhus University, Denmark [email protected] Abstract This essay sketches out a biocultural theory of religion which is based on an expanded view of cognition that is anchored in brain and body (embrained and embodied), deeply dependent on culture (enculturated) and extended and distributed beyond the borders of individual brains. Such an approach uniquely accommodates contemporary cultural and neurobiological sciences. Since the challenge that the study of religion faces, in my opinion, is at the interstices of these sciences, I have tried to develop a theory of religion which acknowledges the fact. My hope is that the theory can be of use to scholars of religion and be submitted to further hypotheses and tests by cognitive scientists. Keywords biocultural theory, embrainment, embodiment, enculturation, extended mind, distributed cog- nition, neuroscience, religion Introduction At the Religion, Cognition and Culture Research Unit (RCC) in Aarhus, our central axiom is that cognition is not just what goes on in the individual mind. In adapting our approach to contemporary research in neurobiology, archaeol- ogy, anthropology, comparative religion and philosophy of science, we hold that cognition is embrained, embodied, encultured, extended and distributed.2 1 My warmest thanks are extended to Michael Stausberg, Jesper Sørensen, Jeppe Sinding Jensen and Aaron Hughes for comments and critiques of earlier drafts of this paper. -
Psychology – a Path to Peace? We Seek Alternatives to Military Action Against ‘Extremism’
the psychologist vol 29 no 2 february 2016 www.thepsychologist.org.uk Psychology – a path to peace? We seek alternatives to military action against ‘extremism’ news 94 the ascension of parent-offspring ties 114 careers 142 from riots to crowd safety 120 reviews 148 interview: Jon Kabat-Zinn 124 looking back 154 researching loyalist communities 126 Contact The British Psychological Society the psychologist... St Andrews House 48 Princess Road East ...features Leicester LE1 7DR 0116 254 9568 [email protected] www.bps.org.uk The Psychologist www.thepsychologist.org.uk Can psychology find a path to peace? 108 www.psychapp.co.uk [email protected] As the UK’s Parliament voted to allow bombing in Syria, we asked – are there evidence-based tinyurl.com/thepsychomag ways to resolve this conflict? @psychmag The ascension of parent–offspring ties 114 How are bonds between parents and their Advertising grown-up children changing, and what impact Reach 50,000+ psychologists do they have? Karen Fingerman looks at the at very reasonable rates; or hit a large and international audience evidence. via the Research Digest blog. 108 Impact: From riots to crowd safety 120 CPL In the first of an occasional series, John Drury 275 Newmarket Road describes his pathway to impact Cambridge, CB5 8JE New voices: Researching loyalist Advertising Manager communities 126 Matt Styrka Patrick Flack outlines his research in 01223 273 555 Northern Ireland [email protected] January 2016 issue ...reports 54,614 dispatched new year honours; All in the Mind awards; an Printed by 126 evening of heaven and hell to mark a decade of Warners Midlands plc the Research Digest blog; university psychology on 100 per cent recycled societies; Psychology4Graduates; the annual paper. -
Persuasion in the Art of Preaching for the Church
Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project Concordia Seminary Scholarship 5-1-1991 Persuasion in the Art of Preaching for the Church William Matzat Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin Part of the Practical Theology Commons Recommended Citation Matzat, William, "Persuasion in the Art of Preaching for the Church" (1991). Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project. 88. https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin/88 This Major Applied Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PROLOGUE INTRODUCTION iii SECTION ONE CHAPTER 1 PROCLAIMING THE WORD OF GOD FOR THE CHURCH 2 CHAPTER 2 CONNECTING THE PROCLAMATION WITH THE LIFE OF THE HEARER 22 CHAPTER 3 APPLYING LAW AND GOSPEL TO THE HEARER 41 SECTION TWO 54 CHAPTER 4 PERSUASION UNDERSTOOD BY THE ANCIENT AND CONTEMPORARY WORLD 55 CHAPTER 5 PERSUASION IS BASED ON THE TRANSACTION OF THE PROCLAINDE WITH THE HEARER 68 CHAPTER 6 PERSUASION IS IMPLEMENTED BY THE SPIRIT OF GOD 88 SECTION THREE 105 CHAPTER 7 ANALYZING THE PREACHING TASK TODAY 106 CHAPTER 8 EVALUATING THE PREACHING TASK FOR THE CHURCH 122 CHAPTER 9 THE SHARED RESPONSIBILITY OF PREACHING 139 THE CONCLUSION 146 BIBLIOGRAPHY 147 APPENDIX A 151 APPENDIX B 153 APPENDIX C 154 APPENDIX D 155 PROLOGUE THE SOWER REVISITED: A PARABLE As the sun brightened the field and warmed the face of the farmer, he sowed the good seed with rhythmic motion and head held high. -
Sacred Rhetorical Invention in the String Theory Movement
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Communication Studies Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research Communication Studies, Department of Spring 4-12-2011 Secular Salvation: Sacred Rhetorical Invention in the String Theory Movement Brent Yergensen University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/commstuddiss Part of the Speech and Rhetorical Studies Commons Yergensen, Brent, "Secular Salvation: Sacred Rhetorical Invention in the String Theory Movement" (2011). Communication Studies Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research. 6. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/commstuddiss/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Communication Studies, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Studies Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. SECULAR SALVATION: SACRED RHETORICAL INVENTION IN THE STRING THEORY MOVEMENT by Brent Yergensen A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: Communication Studies Under the Supervision of Dr. Ronald Lee Lincoln, Nebraska April, 2011 ii SECULAR SALVATION: SACRED RHETORICAL INVENTION IN THE STRING THEORY MOVEMENT Brent Yergensen, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, 2011 Advisor: Ronald Lee String theory is argued by its proponents to be the Theory of Everything. It achieves this status in physics because it provides unification for contradictory laws of physics, namely quantum mechanics and general relativity. While based on advanced theoretical mathematics, its public discourse is growing in prevalence and its rhetorical power is leading to a scientific revolution, even among the public. -
Speaking from the Heart: Mediation and Sincerity in U.S. Political Speech
Speaking from the Heart: Mediation and Sincerity in U.S. Political Speech David Supp-Montgomerie A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication Studies in the College of Arts and Sciences. Chapel Hill 2013 Approved by: Christian Lundberg V. William Balthrop Carole Blair Lawrence Grossberg William Keith © 2013 David Supp-Montgomerie ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT David Supp-Montgomerie: Speaking from the Heart: Mediation and Sincerity in U.S. Political Speech (Under the direction of Christian Lundberg) This dissertation is a critique of the idea that the artifice of public speech is a problem to be solved. This idea is shown to entail the privilege attributed to purportedly direct or unmediated speech in U.S. public culture. I propose that we attend to the ēthos producing effects of rhetorical concealment by asserting that all public speech is constituted through rhetorical artifice. Wherever an alternative to rhetoric is offered, one finds a rhetoric of non-rhetoric at work. A primary strategy in such rhetoric is the performance of sincerity. In this dissertation, I analyze the function of sincerity in contexts of public deliberation. I seek to show how claims to sincerity are strategic, demonstrate how claims that a speaker employs artifice have been employed to imply a lack of sincerity, and disabuse communication, rhetoric, and deliberative theory of the notion that sincere expression occurs without technology. In Chapter Two I begin with the original problem of artifice for rhetoric in classical Athens in the writings of Plato and Isocrates. -
Reviewers [PDF]
The Journal of Neuroscience, January 2013, 33(1) Acknowledgement For Reviewers 2012 The Editors depend heavily on outside reviewers in forming opinions about papers submitted to the Journal and would like to formally thank the following individuals for their help during the past year. Kjersti Aagaard Frederic Ambroggi Craig Atencio Izhar Bar-Gad Esther Aarts Céline Amiez Coleen Atkins Jose Bargas Michelle Aarts Bagrat Amirikian Lauren Atlas Steven Barger Lawrence Abbott Nurith Amitai David Attwell Cornelia Bargmann Brandon Abbs Yael Amitai Etienne Audinat Michael Barish Keiko Abe Martine Ammasari-Teule Anthony Auger Philip Barker Nobuhito Abe Katrin Amunts Vanessa Auld Neal Barmack Ted Abel Costas Anastassiou Jesús Avila Gilad Barnea Ute Abraham Beau Ances Karen Avraham Carol Barnes Wickliffe Abraham Richard Andersen Gautam Awatramani Steven Barnes Andrey Abramov Søren Andersen Edward Awh Sue Barnett Hermann Ackermann Adam Anderson Cenk Ayata Michael Barnett-Cowan David Adams Anne Anderson Anthony Azevedo Kevin Barnham Nii Addy Clare Anderson Rony Azouz Scott Barnham Arash Afraz Lucy Anderson Hiroko Baba Colin J. Barnstable Ariel Agmon Matthew Anderson Luiz Baccalá Scott Barnum Adan Aguirre Susan Anderson Stephen Baccus Ralf Baron Geoffrey Aguirre Anuska Andjelkovic Stephen A. Back Pascal Barone Ehud Ahissar Rodrigo Andrade Lars Bäckman Maureen Barr Alaa Ahmed Ole Andreassen Aldo Badiani Luis Barros James Aimone Michael Andres David Badre Andreas Bartels Cheryl Aine Michael Andresen Wolfgang Baehr David Bartés-Fas Michael Aitken Stephen Andrews Mathias Bähr Alison Barth Elias Aizenman Thomas Andrillon Bahador Bahrami Markus Barth Katerina Akassoglou Victor Anggono Richard Baines Simon Barthelme Schahram Akbarian Fabrice Ango Jaideep Bains Edward Bartlett Colin Akerman María Cecilia Angulo Wyeth Bair Timothy Bartness Huda Akil Laurent Aniksztejn Victoria Bajo-Lorenzana Marisa Bartolomei Michael Akins Lucio Annunziato David Baker Marlene Bartos Emre Aksay Daniel Ansari Harriet Baker Jason Bartz Kaat Alaerts Mark S. -
Rhetorical Appeals (Or Modes of Persuasion)
Rhetorical Appeals (or modes of persuasion) The rhetorical appeals were introduced by Aristotle (382-322 B.C.) in his text Rhetoric: Of the modes of persuasion furnished by the spoken word there are three kinds. [...] Persuasion is achieved by the speaker's personal character when the speech is so spoken as to make us think him credible. [...] Secondly, persuasion may come through the hearers, when the speech stirs their emotions. [...] Thirdly, persuasion is effected through the speech itself when we have proved a truth or an apparent truth by means of the persuasive arguments suitable to the case in question. Three Appeals Ethos Proof in the Persuader (ethical appeal) Arguments based on increasing the writer or the paper’s credibility and authority o How knowledgeable and prepared is the writer Types o Referring to your skills or titles o Research from reliable sources o Personal Experience and/or interest in the topic o References to credible individuals (quotes and paraphrase) Pros: enhances writer; makes other research look better; adds new voices Cons: bias may influence; lack of expertise shows; doesn’t work by itself Pathos (the pathetic) Emotional appeals Arguments based on reactions from readers o Connects argument to reader values Types o Vivid Language (metaphor, simile, word choice) o Examples/Stories o Imagery (ex: animal rights newsletters or arguments about abortion) Pros: highly persuasive; involves readers; can lead to quick action Cons: over-emotion; easier to disprove; readers may have negative reaction Logos Logical appeals Appeals and arguments that refer to factual proof, evidence, and/or reason Types o Statistics o Examples o Cause and Effect o Syllogism (A + B = C) Pros: hard to disprove; highly persuasive; makes writer look more prepared (enhances ethos) Cons: Numbers can lie or confuse; may not intrigue reader (lack of emotion); may be inaccurate Sources to consult: Lunsford, Andrea. -
Goethe and the Poetics of Science
Goethe and the Poetics of Science Dennis L. Sepper University of Dallas In Representative Men, Ralph Waldo Emerson presented Goethe as the prototype of the writer elected by nature, and he identified Goethe’s specific genius as “putting ever a thing for a word.” But Goethe’s talents as writer and poet have long seemed to scientific readers to undermine his efforts to be a scientist, and to talk of his, or any, poetics of science would involve a category mis- take. But putting things to words—that is, filling and structuring what we say about the world with the content of experience—is what Goethe’s investigations of nature aimed at. Considered as a philosophy of science, his method gives robust meaning and contemporary relevance to the term “poetics of science.” Let the words of Ralph Waldo Emerson, from the book Representative Men (1850), serve as prologue. Emerson presents a vision of six great men, whose use and example is to help bring about greater men. The six representative men are Plato, the Philosopher; Swedenborg, the Mystic; Montaigne, the Skeptic; Shakespeare, the Poet; Napoleon, the Man of the World; and, as conclusion, Goethe, the Writer. “I find a provision, in the constitution of the world, for the writer or secretary, who is to report the doings of the miraculous spirit of life that every where throbs and works. His office is a reception of the facts into the mind, and then a selection of the eminent and characteristic experiences” (394).1 “Men are born to write....Whatever [the writer] beholds or experiences, comes to him as a model, and sits for its picture” (395). -
Application of Rhetoric Appeals in Consumer's Reviews
Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences (BMS) The consumer-to-consumer persuasion: Application of rhetoric appeals in consumer’s reviews Rana Gabriel Taquini M.Sc. Thesis March 2016 Supervisors: Dr. Joyce Karreman Dr. Anna Fenko MSc. Communication Studies Marketing Communication University of Twente P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands The consumer-to-consumer persuasion: Application of rhetorical appeals in consumer’s reviews by Rana Gabriel Taquini March, 2016 Presented to the Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences (BMS) University of Twente In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Communication Studies – Marketing Communication Assessed by: ________________________________ [Dr. Joyce Karreman, first thesis supervisor] ________________________________ [Dr. Anna Fenko, second thesis supervisor] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Joyce Karreman for embracing my proposal with truly enthusiasm. Your engagement and support through my learning process for this master thesis was of paramount importance. Furthermore, I would like to thank my second supervisor Dr. Anna Fenko for the attention, useful comments and remarks. Special thanks to Bruno Guasti Motta, for disposing time and attention to be the second coder and for all the support throughout the entire master programme. I owe part of this achievement to you. Also, I would like to thank my loved ones who had a crucial role in my whole life, supporting my decisions and always believing in my plans, despite the distance and the sacrifices. I will be grateful forever for your love and trust. 3 ABSTRACT The human need for interaction explains their engagement in social networks sites and why they are willing to actually make their role in Web 2.0 through User Generated Content (UGC). -
Assessing Animal Welfare with Behavior: Onward with Caution
Perspective Assessing Animal Welfare with Behavior: Onward with Caution Jason V. Watters *, Bethany L. Krebs and Caitlin L. Eschmann Wellness and Animal Behavior, San Francisco Zoological Society, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA; [email protected] (B.L.K.); [email protected] (C.L.E.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: An emphasis on ensuring animal welfare is growing in zoo and aquarium associations around the globe. This has led to a focus on measures of welfare outcomes for individual animals. Observations and interpretations of behavior are the most widely used outcome-based measures of animal welfare. They commonly serve as a diagnostic tool from which practitioners make animal welfare decisions and suggest treatments, yet errors in data collection and interpretation can lead to the potential for misdiagnosis. We describe the perils of incorrect welfare diagnoses and common mistakes in applying behavior-based tools. The missteps that can be made in behavioral assessment include mismatches between definitions of animal welfare and collected data, lack of alternative explanations, faulty logic, behavior interpreted out of context, murky assumptions, lack of behavior definitions, and poor justification for assigning a welfare value to a specific behavior. Misdiagnosing the welfare state of an animal has negative consequences. These include continued poor welfare states, inappropriate use of resources, lack of understanding of welfare mechanisms and the perpetuation of the previously mentioned faulty logic throughout the wider scientific community. We provide recommendations for assessing behavior-based welfare tools, and guidance for those developing Citation: Watters, J.V.; Krebs, B.L.; tools and interpreting data. Eschmann, C.L. Assessing Animal Welfare with Behavior: Onward with Keywords: behavioral diagnosis; zoo; behavioral diversity; anticipatory behavior; stereotypy; natural Caution.