Nationale Programme Zur Massenüberwachung Personenbezogener Daten in Den Eu-Mitgliedstaaten Und Ihre Vereinbarkeit Mit Dem Eu-Recht
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
From the Editor
EDITORIAL STAFF From the Editor ELIZABETH SKINNER Editor Happy New Year, everyone. As I write this, we’re a few weeks into 2021 and there ELIZABETH ROBINSON Copy Editor are sparkles of hope here and there that this year may be an improvement over SALLY BAHO Copy Editor the seemingly endless disasters of the last one. Vaccines are finally being deployed against the coronavirus, although how fast and for whom remain big sticky questions. The United States seems to have survived a political crisis that brought EDITORIAL REVIEW BOARD its system of democratic government to the edge of chaos. The endless conflicts VICTOR ASAL in Syria, Libya, Yemen, Iraq, and Afghanistan aren’t over by any means, but they have evolved—devolved?—once again into chronic civil agony instead of multi- University of Albany, SUNY national warfare. CHRISTOPHER C. HARMON 2021 is also the tenth anniversary of the Arab Spring, a moment when the world Marine Corps University held its breath while citizens of countries across North Africa and the Arab Middle East rose up against corrupt authoritarian governments in a bid to end TROELS HENNINGSEN chronic poverty, oppression, and inequality. However, despite the initial burst of Royal Danish Defence College change and hope that swept so many countries, we still see entrenched strong-arm rule, calcified political structures, and stagnant stratified economies. PETER MCCABE And where have all the terrorists gone? Not far, that’s for sure, even if the pan- Joint Special Operations University demic has kept many of them off the streets lately. Closed borders and city-wide curfews may have helped limit the operational scope of ISIS, Lashkar-e-Taiba, IAN RICE al-Qaeda, and the like for the time being, but we know the teeming refugee camps US Army (Ret.) of Syria are busy producing the next generation of violent ideological extremists. -
General Assembly Distr.: General 1 February 2021
United Nations A/HRC/46/37/Add.2 General Assembly Distr.: General 1 February 2021 Original: English Human Rights Council Forty-sixth session 22 February–19 March 2021 Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Visit to France Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to privacy, Joseph A. Cannataci*, ** Summary The Special Rapporteur on the right to privacy, Joseph A. Cannataci, carried out an official visit to France from 13 to 17 November 2017. In the present report, he highlights concerns about the emergency laws and recommends that French law be reformed further to entrench the oversight powers of the National Commission for the Control of Intelligence Techniques and to bring the safeguards and remedies applicable to foreign intelligence in line with those required for domestic intelligence. * The summary of the report is being circulated in all official languages. The report itself, which is annexed to the summary, is being circulated in the language of submission and French only. ** The present report was submitted after the deadline in order to reflect the most recent information. GE.21-01269(E) A/HRC/46/37/Add.2 Annex Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to privacy, Joseph A. Cannataci, on his visit to France I. Introduction 1. The present report was finalized towards the end of 2020, after an evaluation of the preliminary results of the meetings held during the visit to France from 13 to 17 November 2017 and after having cross-checked those preliminary results against follow-up research and developments to date. -
International Narcotics Control Strategy Report
United States Department of State Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume II Money Laundering and Financial Crimes March 2014 INCSR 2014 Volume II Common Abbreviations Table of Contents Volume II Common Abbreviations .................................................................................................... iii Legislative Basis for the INCSR ................................................................................... 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3 Bilateral Activities ......................................................................................................... 4 Training and Technical Assistance ........................................................................................................... 4 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ................................................. 5 Department of Homeland Security .............................................................................. 6 Customs and Border Protection ................................................................................................................ 6 Homeland Security Investigations ............................................................................................................ 6 Department of Justice .................................................................................................. 8 Drug Enforcement -
Russian Meddling in Western Elections, 2016-2017: a Preliminary
RUSSIAN MEDDLING IN WESTERN ELECTIONS, 2016-2017: A PRELIMINARY PROBE By Guillermo Lopez Sanchez A thesis submitted to the Graduate Council of Texas State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with a Major in International Studies May 2018 Committee Members: Dennis J. Dunn, Chair Ronald Angelo Johnson Sandhya Rao COPYRIGHT by Guillermo Lopez Sanchez 2018 FAIR USE AND AUTHOR’S PERMISSION STATEMENT Fair Use This work is protected by the Copyright Laws of the United States (Public Law 94-553, section 107). Consistent with fair use as defined in the Copyright Laws, brief quotations from this material are allowed with proper acknowledgement. Use of this material for financial gain without the author’s express written permission is not allowed. Duplication Permission As the copyright holder of this work I, Guillermo Lopez Sanchez, authorize duplication of this work, in whole or in part, for educational or scholarly purposes only. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I express my gratitude to Dr. Dennis J. Dunn, Professor of History and Director of the Center for International Studies at Texas State University. His dedication, knowledge, and support since I began the Master of Arts with a major in International Studies were invaluable. In addition, my appreciation is extended to Dr. Ronald Angelo Johnson, Associate Professor in the Department of History; and Dr. Sandhya Rao, Professor in the Department of Mass Communication, for their outstanding advice and assistance. Collectively, they strengthened my resources, asked probing questions that helped me sharpen my focus, and provided valuable insights that benefitted my research. I also wish to express my appreciation to Jeremy Pena, Coordinator of Academic Programs at the Center for International Studies, for his administrative support. -
Surveillance by Intelligence Services: Services: Intelligence by Surveillance
FREEDOMS FRA Surveillance by intelligence services – Volume II: field perspectives and legal update II: field perspectives – Volume services intelligence by Surveillance Surveillance by intelligence services: fundamental rights safeguards and remedies in the EU Volume II: field perspectives and legal update This report addresses matters related to the respect for private and family life (Article 7), the protection of personal data (Article 8) and the right to an effective remedy and a fair trial (Article 47) falling under Titles II ‘Freedoms’ and VI ‘Justice’ of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). Photo (cover & inside): © Shutterstock More information on the European Union is available on the internet (http://europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 FRA – print: ISBN 978-92-9491-766-9 doi:10.2811/15232 TK-04-17-696-EN-C FRA – web: ISBN 978-92-9491-765-2 doi:10.2811/792946 TK-04-17-696-EN-N © European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, 2017 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. Printed by Imprimerie Centrale in Luxembourg Neither the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights nor any person acting on behalf of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights is responsible for the use that might be made of the following information. -
Civil-Military Capacities for European Security
Clingendael Report Civil-Military Capacities for European Security Margriet Drent Kees Homan Dick Zandee Civil-Military Capacities for European Security Civil-Military Capacities for European Security Margriet Drent Kees Homan Dick Zandee © Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright holders. Image rights: Drone, Binary Code: © Shutterstock.com Search and Rescue squadron: © David Fowler / Shutterstock.com Design: Textcetera, The Hague Print: Gildeprint, Enschede Clingendael Institute P.O. Box 93080 2509 AB The Hague The Netherlands Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.clingendael.nl/ Content Executive summary 7 Introduction 11 1 The external-internal security gap 13 2 Case study maritime security 25 3 Case study border security 39 4 Case study cyber security 53 5 Conclusions and recommendations 64 List of acronyms 70 5 Executive summary In the last two decades the European Union has created separated policies, institutions and capacities for external and internal security. In the meantime the world’s security environment has changed fundamentally. Today, it is no longer possible to make a clear distinction between security outside and within Europe. Conflicts elsewhere in the world often have direct spill-over effects, not primarily in terms of military threats but by challenges posed by illegal immigration, terrorism, international crime and illegal trade. Lampedusa has become a synonym for tragedy. Crises and instability in Africa, the Middle East and elsewhere in the world provide breeding grounds for extremism, weapons smuggling, drugs trafficking or kidnapping. -
National Programmes for Mass Surveillance of Personal Data in Eu Member States and Their Compatibility with Eu Law
DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT C: CITIZENS' RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS CIVIL LIBERTIES, JUSTICE AND HOME AFFAIRS NATIONAL PROGRAMMES FOR MASS SURVEILLANCE OF PERSONAL DATA IN EU MEMBER STATES AND THEIR COMPATIBILITY WITH EU LAW STUDY Abstract In the wake of the disclosures surrounding PRISM and other US surveillance programmes, this study makes an assessment of the large-scale surveillance practices by a selection of EU member states: the UK, Sweden, France, Germany and the Netherlands. Given the large-scale nature of surveillance practices at stake, which represent a reconfiguration of traditional intelligence gathering, the study contends that an analysis of European surveillance programmes cannot be reduced to a question of balance between data protection versus national security, but has to be framed in terms of collective freedoms and democracy. It finds that four of the five EU member states selected for in-depth examination are engaging in some form of large-scale interception and surveillance of communication data, and identifies parallels and discrepancies between these programmes and the NSA-run operations. The study argues that these surveillance programmes do not stand outside the realm of EU intervention but can be engaged from an EU law perspective via (i) an understanding of national security in a democratic rule of law framework where fundamental human rights standards and judicial oversight constitute key standards; (ii) the risks presented to the internal security of the Union as a whole as well as the privacy of EU citizens as data owners, and (iii) the potential spillover into the activities and responsibilities of EU agencies. -
Activiteitenverslag 2013.Indb
RAPPORT D’ACTIVITÉS 2013 ACTIVITEITENVERSLAG 2013 Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Quis custodiet ipsos custodes ? est une série de publications qui a pour objectif de stimuler une discussion approfondie quant au fonctionnement, aux compétences et au contrôle des services de renseignement et de sécurité et du travail de renseignement. Cette série reprend notamment des études scientifi ques, les rapports d’activités du Comité permanent R et des rapports de colloques. Rédaction Comité permanent de contrôle des services de renseignements et de sécurité, rue de Louvain 48, boîte 4 à 1000 Bruxelles (02 286 29 88). Déjà parus dans cette série 1) D. Van Daele, en B. Vangeebergen, Inlichtingendiensten en strafprocedure in Nederland, Duitsland en Frankrijk, 2006, 166 p. 2) Comité permanent R, Rapport d’activités 2006, 2007, 147 p. 3) Comité permanent R, Rapport d’activités 2007, 2008, 87 p. 4) Belgian Standing Committee I (ed.), All Source Th reat Assessments in the Fight against Terrorism – Fusion Centres throughout Europe, 2010, 220 p. 5) Comité permanent R, Rapport d’activités 2008, 2009, 131 p. 6) W. Van Laethem, D. Van Daele en B. Vangeebergen (eds.), De Wet op de bijzondere inlichtingenmethoden, 2010, 298 p. 7) Comité permanent R, Rapport d’activités 2009, 2010, 127 p. 8) Comité permanent R, Rapport d’activités 2010, 2011, 119 p. 9) Comité permanent R, Rapport d’activités 2011, 2012, 134 p. 10) W. Van Laethem et J. Vanderborght, Regards sur le contrôle. Vingt ans de contrôle démocratique sur les services de renseignement, 2013, 565 p. 11) Comité permanent R, Rapport d’activités 2012, 2013, 127 p. -
Tracfin 2019
France’s Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) TRACFIN 2019 Annual Report CONTENTS FOREWORD 5 A FEW DEFINITIONS 6 TRACFIN’S SOURCES OF INFORMATION 9 HIGHLIGHTS OF 2019: SIGNIFICANT GROWTH 10 REPORTING ACTIVITY OF REPORTING ENTITIES 11 FINANCIAL SECTOR REPORTING ENTITIES 13 FACT SHEET 1: CREDIT INSTITUTIONS AND ISSUING INSTITUTIONS 13 FACT SHEET 2: PAYMENT INSTITUTIONS 21 FACT SHEET 3: ELECTRONIC MONEY INSTITUTIONS 22 FACT SHEET 4: MONEY CHANGERS 23 FACT SHEET 5: CROWDFUNDING INTERMEDIARIES AND INVESTMENT ADVISERS 24 FACT SHEET 6: FINANCIAL MARKET PROFESSIONALS 26 FACT SHEET 7: DIGITAL ASSET SERVICE PROVIDERS (DASPS) 26 2 FACT SHEET 8: THE INSURANCE SECTOR 29 NON-FINANCIAL SECTOR REPORTING ENTITIES 32 FACT SHEET 9: NOTARIES 32 FACT SHEET 10: REAL ESTATE PROFESSIONALS 33 FACT SHEET 11: BAILIFFS 38 FACT SHEET 12: COURT-APPOINTED RECEIVERS AND TRUSTEES 38 FACT SHEET 13: COMMERCIAL REGISTERED OFFICE PROVIDERS 40 FACT SHEET 14: LAWYERS 40 FACT SHEET 15: AUDITORS AND CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS 41 FACT SHEET 16: GAMING SECTOR PROFESSIONALS 42 FACT SHEET 17: THE ARTS SECTOR 48 OFFICIAL REPORTS 51 SYSTEMATIC INFORMATION DISCLOSURES (COSIS) 53 - ANNUAL REPORT 2019 REPORT - ANNUAL TRACFIN TRACFIN’S ACTIVITY IN 2019 59 HOW INFORMATION IS PROCESSED 60 INPUTTING INFORMATION 60 ANALYSING AND REDIRECTING INFORMATION 60 ENHANCING INFORMATION THROUGH OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS 60 TRACFIN’S DISCLOSURES TO ITS PARTNERS 62 COURTS 62 INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY 74 TACKLING FRAUD 75 DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CUSTOMS AND EXCISE (DGDDI) 82 COMBATING THE FINANCING OF TERRORISM (CFT) -
Money Laundering and Financial Crimes
United States Department of State Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs International Narcotics Control Strategy Report Volume II Money Laundering and Financial Crimes March 2015 INCSR 2015 Volume II Money Laundering and Financial Crimes Table of Contents ...................................................................................... i Common Abbreviations .......................................................................... iv Definitions ................................................................................................ vi Money Laundering and Financial Crimes ...................................... 1 Legislative Basis for the INCSR ................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Bilateral Activities ..................................................................................... 4 Training and Technical Assistance ........................................................................................................... 4 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ............................. 5 Department of Homeland Security .......................................................... 6 Customs and Border Protection ................................................................................................................ 6 Homeland Security Investigations -
Mass Surveillance of Personal Data by EU Member States and Its
Mass Surveillance of Personal Data by EU Member States and its Compatibility with EU Law Didier Bigo, Sergio Carrera, Nicholas Hernanz, Julien Jeandesboz, Joanna Parkin, Francesco Ragazzi and Amandine Scherrer No. 62 / November 2013 Abstract In the wake of the disclosures surrounding PRISM and other US surveillance programmes, this paper assesses the large-scale surveillance practices by a selection of EU member states: the UK, Sweden, France, Germany and the Netherlands. Given the large-scale nature of these practices, which represent a reconfiguration of traditional intelligence gathering, the paper contends that an analysis of European surveillance programmes cannot be reduced to a question of the balance between data protection versus national security, but has to be framed in terms of collective freedoms and democracy. It finds that four of the five EU member states selected for in-depth examination are engaging in some form of large-scale interception and surveillance of communication data, and identifies parallels and discrepancies between these programmes and the NSA-run operations. The paper argues that these programmes do not stand outside the realm of EU intervention but can be analysed from an EU law perspective via i) an understanding of national security in a democratic rule of law framework where fundamental human rights and judicial oversight constitute key norms; ii) the risks posed to the internal security of the Union as a whole as well as the privacy of EU citizens as data owners and iii) the potential spillover into the activities and responsibilities of EU agencies. The paper then presents a set of policy recommendations to the European Parliament. -
Cyber, Intelligence, and Security
Cyber, Intelligence, and Security Volume 4 | No. 1 | March 2020 The Secret War of Cyber Influence Operations and How to Identify Them David Tayouri Iran’s Activity in Cyberspace: Identifying Patterns and Understanding the Strategy Gabi Siboni, Léa Abramski, and Gal Sapir Ambiguous Approach—All Shades of Gray Raša Lazovic� Cybersecurity and Information Security: Force Structure Modernizations in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Miranda Bass Chinese investments in Sri Lanka: Implications for Israel Shlomi Yass Criminal Law as a Tool for Dealing with Online Violence among Youth Limor Ezioni National Cybersecurity Strategies in the Healthcare Industry of Israel and the Netherlands: A Comparative Overview Stefan Weenk Cyber, Intelligence, and Security Volume 4 | No. 1 | March 2020 Contents The Secret War of Cyber Influence Operations and How to Identify Them | 3 David Tayouri Iran’s Activity in Cyberspace: Identifying Patterns and Understanding the Strategy | 21 Gabi Siboni, Léa Abramski, and Gal Sapir Ambiguous Approach—All Shades of Gray | 41 Raša Lazovic� Cybersecurity and Information Security: Force Structure Modernizations in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army | 59 Miranda Bass Chinese investments in Sri Lanka: Implications for Israel | 75 Shlomi Yass Criminal Law as a Tool for Dealing with Online Violence among Youth | 95 Limor Ezioni National Cybersecurity Strategies in the Healthcare Industry of Israel and the Netherlands: A Comparative Overview | 107 Stefan Weenk The purpose of Cyber, Intelligence, and Security is to stimulate Cyber, and enrich the public debate on related issues. Intelligence, Cyber, Intelligence, and Security is a refereed journal published twice a year within the framework of the Cyber Security and Security Program at the Institute for National Security Studies.