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Romanian Intelligence Studies Review ROMANIAN INTELLIGENCE STUDIES REVIEW Nr. 17-18/2017 This is the English version of the Romanian Intelligence Studies Review, an academic journal with scientific prestige, acknowledged by the National Council for the Validation of University Titles, Diplomas and Certificates (CNADTCU), indexed in the international databases CEEOL and EBSCO Bucharest 2018 RRSI, nr. 17-18/2017 2 Senior Editors Eduard HELLVIG - Director of the Romanian Intelligence Service Adrian Ivan - Rector of “Mihai Viteazul” National Intelligence Academy, Romania Christopher DONNELLY - Director of the Institute for Statecraft and Governance, Oxford, Great Britain Mark PHYTHIAN - Professor at University of Leicester, Great Britain Ioan Mircea PAŞCU - Professor at The National Shool of Political and Administrative Studies, Romania Vasile DÂNCU - -Bolyai” University from Cluj, Romania Michael ANDREGG - Professor atat St.University Thomas University, of Bucharest United and State “Babeş of America Elaine PRESSMAN - Expert at Netherlands Institute for Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, Netherlands Jan GOLDMAN - Associate Professor of Justice Studies Southern New Hampshire University, Great Britain Sergiu MEDAR - Professor at „Lucian Blaga” University from Sibiu, Romania Iulian CHIFU - Professor at The National Shool of Political and Administrative Studies, Romania Iulian FOTA - Associate Professor at “Mihai Viteazul” National Intelligence Academy, Romania Irena CHIRU - Professor at “Mihai Viteazul” National Intelligence Academy, Romania Iulian MARTIN - Professor at „Carol I” National Defence University, Romania Board of Editors Editor in Chief: dr. Mihaela TEODOR Editors: dr. Valentin NICULA dr. Valentin STOIAN dr. Cristina GOLEA drd. Teodora DOBRE drd. Alexandra POPESCU Laura VÎRTEJARU Editorial Secretary: Irina FLOREA Cover: Valentin NICULA CONTENT SECURITY PARADIGMS IN THE 21ST CENTURY …………………………………………..…………… 5 Cristina IVAN – a ……………………………………………………………………………… 7 AdrianaConflict hybrid, SEAGLE propagandă şi dezinformare obiectiv strategic al Federaţiei Ruse în Regionalvecinătatea Intelligence apropiată Sharingşi îndepărt – Institutiontă of Diplomacy and Order & Security Dilemma in the Contemporary International Society …………………………………………………………………… 15 Diva PATANG Democratisation and the Intelligence Service: a Comparative Reflection on Afghanistan and Romania ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33 INTERNATIONAL SECURITY ENVIRONMENT ………………………………………………...………… 47 Claudia-Iohana VOICU, Mihail PӐDURARU Central Asian States: Catalysts for the Russian-Chinese New Great Game .....…………………… 49 SECURITY STRATEGIES AND POLICIES ……………………………………………...……………………… 63 Artur GRUSZCZAK 65 The Polish Intelligence Services and Security Dilemmas of a Frontline State ………………… Benjamin OUDET Interconnected in Practice and Insular By Nature? The Evolution of French International Intelligence Cooperation ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 81 SECURITY CULTURE AND PUBLIC DIPLOMACY ………………………………………………………… 93 Ileana-Cinziana SURDU Policies for supporting individual wellbeing and prosperity: a crucial aspect of human security ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 95 Karen MOHAN Rethinking Legal Frameworks for Intelligence Agencies: Reconciling the Structure and 111 Process of Intelligence within the Law ……………………………………….……………………………… INTELLIGENCE IN THE 21ST CENTURY ..…………………………………………………...……………… 125 Matteo E. BONFANTI Another – INT on the horizon? Cyber-Intelligence is the New Black ………………….………… 127 Adrian BARBU, Tudor RAȚ Big Data Analysis through the Lens of Business Intelligence – World Conflict Incidents Case Study (1989-2016) ..…………………………………………………...… ..…………………………………… 157 Horia Mircea BOTOȘ, Gheorghe RADU Business Counterintelligence Practices……………………………………………………………………….… 165 RRSI, nr. 17-18/2017 4 INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS ………………………………………………………………………….……………… 175 Davide BARBIERI, Stefania PALADINI How to Excel at Intelligence Analysis………………………………………………………………….………… 177 Cosmin Dragoș DUGAN, Daniel DINU, Cristian BARNA Monitoring and Enhancement of Neuro-Visual Performance for Airport Security Screening Personnel………………………………………………….………………………………………………… 185 Cristina CARATA (GURĂU) An Analysis of Privacy and Anonymity in the Cryptocurrency Field……………………………… 195 Adam D.M. SVENDSEN Introducing Intelligence Engineering: Operating Beyond the Conventional…………………… 205 OPEN SOURCE INTELLIGENCE (OSINT)……………………………………………………………………… 215 Andrada Nicoleta HALGAŞ – BLAGA Data Analysis versus Intelligence Analysis: What's new in the game? …………………………… 217 HISTORY AND MEMORY IN INTELLIGENCE ……………………………………………………………… 227 Bogdan Alexandru TEODOR, Mihaela TEODOR The Romanian Secret Service (SSI): from Agent to HUMINT Collector…………………………… 229 Mircea STAN The Relations of the Securitate with Similar Structures of the Member States of the War- saw Treaty Organization. From Information Exchanges to Isolation……………………………… 245 Dragoş PETRESCU The Spies Who Defended us: Spy Stories and Legitimating Discourses in Romania, 1965–77……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 263 Ceauşescu’s PORTRAITS, ESSAYS AND INTERVIEWS …………………………………………………………………… 273 Christopher MORAN, Richard J. ALDRICH Trump, Nixon, and the CIA…………………………………………………………………………………………… 275 REVIEWS AND NOTES ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 283 Sorin Aparaschivei and Florin-Badea Pintilie Aspects from the official history of Romanian counter-intelligence, ANIMV Publishing House, Bucharest 2018, presented by Codruț LUCINESCU…………………………………………… 285 The „Journal of Intelligence History”: reading recommendations, by Sorin APARASCHIVEI…………………………………………………… 287 Sorin Aparaschivei şi Florin-Badea Pintilie Din istoria oficială a contraspionajului românesc, Editura ANIMV, 2018 (prezentare de Codruţ LUCINESCU) …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 289 The Journal of Intelligence History (prezentare de Sorin APARASCHIVEI) …………………… 291 Recomandări de lectură: ACADEMIC FOCUS 293 INTELLIGENCE IN THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY, Bucharest, October 18-19, 2018…………… 295 ROMANIAN INTELLIGENCE STUDIES REVIEW, Call for paper………………………………………… 299 RRSI, nr. 17-18/2017 5 SECURITY PARADIGMS IN THE 21ST CENTURY SECURITY PARADIGMS IN THE 21ST CENTURY RRSI, nr. 17-18/2017 6 SECURITY PARADIGMS IN THE 21ST CENTURY RRSI, nr. 17-18/2017 7 SECURITY PARADIGMS IN THE 21ST CENTURY CONFLICT HIBRID, PROPAGANDĂ ȘI DEZINFORMARE – OBIECTIV STRATEGIC AL FEDERAȚIEI RUSE ÎN VECINĂTATEA APROPIATĂ ȘI ÎNDEPĂRTATĂ Cristina IVAN * Motto: „Sovieticii au intuit cum funcționează psihicul uman și au folosit asta construind un scenariu simplu și eficient: identifică motivele interne de conflict și tensiune, denunță aspectele divergente și ambiguitățile care își fac loc în media, conferă-le semnificație și repetă, repetă, repetă.” (Thomas Boghardt, istoric militar și de intelligence1) ,,La sfârșitul Războiului Rece, liberalismul și-a croit drum spre est, către fostele state satelit ale Uniunii Sovietice. Douăzeci și cinci de ani mai târziu, non-liberalismul de influență rusă își croiește drum către vest prin sinuoasele coridoare ale instituțiilor democratice.” (Conley, Mina, Stefanov, & Vladimirov, 2016, p. 5) Influența regională a Federației Ruse – între acumularea de capital strategic și tranzacționarea puterii simbolice Rusia - instrumentalizează informația ca armă într un tip de conflict hibrid pe care îl poartă cu toate statele ce îi influențează negativ capitalul de putere regională și forța de dominație asupra țărilor pe care le consideră vecinătatea sa mai apropiată sau mai îndepărtată. Măsurile active ale Rusiei pun probleme nu numai statelor aflate în imediata sa apropiere, precum Ucraina, Moldova, Țările Baltice, ci și democrațiilor puternice central europene sau Statelor Unite ale Americii, care au ajuns să îi resimtă efectele nefaste Metodeleîn modul de sale influențare de operare a agendei sunt politice,menite procesuluisă producă electoral, confuzie, sau săîn distragăpropagarea dezbaterea ideologiilor și extremisteînțelegerea și apublicului polarizării de sociale. la aspectele cu adevărat importante ale agendei de politică internă, să erodeze suportul și * 1 Fingerprints of Russian Disinformation: From AIDS to Fake News Cercetător Institutul Național de Studii de Intelligence. , New York Times, 12 decembrie 2017. RRSI, nr. 17-18/2017 8 SECURITY PARADIGMS IN THE 21ST CENTURY încrederea în valorile democrației și în sistemul de securitate multilateral, bazat pe alianțe și acorduri internaționale. Unele state au – – s- răspuns proactivtiparelor la acest acționaletip de amenințare și a impactului Cehia, Slovacia, mai larg Finlanda european , altele al măsurilorau mulțumit active să reacționeze întreprinse punctual de Rusia, sau deloc. Pentru a avea însă o imagine clară asupra propunem o scurtă trecere în revistă a ceea ce se cunoaște despre- modul de acțiune și impactul amenințărilor hibride în general, al propagandei și dezinformării în mod special, pe- teritoriul acelor state europene care s au confruntat îndeaproape cu ea. O privire transversală asupra regiunii central si est europene demonstrează faptul că nu există o amprentă unică, care să poată fi determinată ca atare. Există însă un set de tehnici utilizate oportunist și flexibil, în funcție de vulnerabilitățile fiecărui stat în parte și de oportunitățile deschise conjunctural. Există, în același timp, și un mod de operare pe termen lung, ale cărui etape pot fi reliefate ca atare. Tiparul acțional al amenințării hibride, în accepțiunea și modul de existențaoperare preferat unei „faze de Rusia, de incubație”, este similar modului de incubare și atac al
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