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Mustard Gas Hazard Summary Identification Reason For

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Mustard Gas Hazard Summary Identification Reason For Common Name: MUSTARD GAS CAS Number: 505-60-2 DOT Number: UN 2810 RTK Substance number: 1319 DOT Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic Liquid) Date: June 1998 Revision: March 2006 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY * Mustard Gas can affect you when breathed in and by * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely passing through your skin. evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area * Mustard Gas is a CARCINOGEN--HANDLE WITH air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results EXTREME CAUTION. from your employer. You have a legal right to this * Mustard Gas is an EXTREMELY DANGEROUS information under the OSHA Access to Employee POISON GAS and contact with the liquid or exposure to Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR high vapor concentrations can cause severe eye burns and 1910.1020). permanent eye damage. * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health * Mustard Gas can cause severe skin burns and blisters. problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational * Breathing Mustard Gas can irritate the lungs causing diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures can cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS edema), a medical emergency, with severe shortness of No occupational exposure limits have been established for breath. Mustard Gas by OSHA, NIOSH or ACGIH. However, the * Mustard Gas can cause chronic bronchitis to develop. National Advisory Committee for the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) has recommended IDENTIFICATION acute exposure guidelines (AEGLs) to protect people from the Mustard Gas, when pure, is a colorless and odorless oily harmful effects of Mustard Gas. The AEGL 1 guidelines are liquid. Warfare Agent grade Mustard Gas is yellow to dark 0.40 mg/m3 (0.06 ppm) for a 10-minute exposure to brown. The odor may be like burning garlic, horseradish, or 0.008 mg/m3 (0.001 ppm) for an 8-hour exposure. sweet and agreeable. It is used as a chemical warfare agent and in organic synthesis. * Mustard Gas is a CARCINOGEN in humans. There may be no safe level of exposure to a carcinogen, so all contact REASON FOR CITATION should be reduced to the lowest possible level. * Mustard Gas is on the Hazardous Substance List because * The above exposure limits are for air levels only. When it is cited by NTP, DEP, IARC and EPA. skin contact also occurs, you may be overexposed, even * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance though air levels are less than the limit listed above. List because it is a CARCINOGEN and MUTAGEN. * Definitions are provided on page 5. WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE * Enclose operations and use local exhaust ventilation at the HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING site of chemical release. If local exhaust ventilation or EXPOSED enclosure is not used, respirators must be worn. The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers * A regulated, marked area should be established where to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public Mustard Gas is handled, used, or stored. employers to provide their employees with information and * Wear protective work clothing. training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The * Wash thoroughly immediately after exposure to Mustard federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR Gas and at the end of the workshift. 1910.1200) requires private employers to provide similar * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In training and information to their employees. addition, as part of an ongoing education and training effort, communicate all information on the health and safety hazards of Mustard Gas to potentially exposed workers. MUSTARD GAS page 2 of 6 This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all Mixed Exposures potential and most severe health hazards that may result from * Because smoking can cause heart disease, as well as lung exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance cancer, emphysema, and other respiratory problems, it may and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the worsen respiratory conditions caused by chemical exposure. potential effects described below. Even if you have smoked for a long time, stopping now will -------------------------------------------------------------------------- reduce your risk of developing health problems. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES Acute Health Effects Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most immediately or shortly after exposure to Mustard Gas: effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at * Contact with the liquid or exposure to high vapor the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also concentrations can cause severe eye burns and permanent reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is eye damage. There is no pain on contact, but hours later less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is redness, swelling and pain occur. Blindness can result. sometimes necessary. * Mustard Gas can cause severe skin burns and blisters. * Breathing Mustard Gas can irritate the lungs causing In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: coughing and/or shortness of breath. Higher exposures can (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the cause a build-up of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether medical emergency, with severe shortness of breath. harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when Chronic Health Effects significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Mustard Gas and can last for In addition, the following control is recommended: months or years: * Where possible, automatically pump liquid Mustard Gas Cancer Hazard from drums or other storage containers to process * Mustard Gas is a CARCINOGEN in humans. It has been containers. shown to cause lung, tongue, throat and voice box cancer. Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous Reproductive Hazard exposures. The following work practices are recommended: * There is limited evidence that Mustard Gas may damage the male reproductive system including decreasing the * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by sperm count and affecting male fertility. Mustard Gas should change into clean clothing promptly. * Do not take contaminated work clothes home. Family Other Long-Term Effects members could be exposed. * Mustard Gas can cause chronic bronchitis to develop with * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by cough, phlegm and/or shortness of breath. individuals who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Mustard Gas. MEDICAL * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use. * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency Medical Testing shower facilities should be provided. If symptoms develop or overexposure is suspected, the * On skin contact with Mustard Gas, immediately wash or following are recommended: shower to remove the chemical. At the end of the workshift, wash any areas of the body that may have * Lung function tests contacted Mustard Gas, whether or not known skin contact * Exam of the eyes, including slit-lamp has occurred. * Consider chest x-ray after acute overexposure * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Mustard Gas is handled, processed, or stored, since the chemical can be Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and swallowed. Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for applying cosmetics, smoking, or using the toilet. damage already done are not a substitute for controlling exposure. Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). MUSTARD GAS page 3 of 6 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT * Mustard Gas will react with WATER or STEAM to produce corrosive Hydrogen Chloride gas. WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN * Mustard Gas is not compatible with OXIDIZING PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for AGENTS (such as PERCHLORATES, PEROXIDES, some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs PERMANGANATES, CHLORATES, NITRATES, done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace CHLORINE, BROMINE and FLUORINE) and STRONG controls are being installed), personal protective equipment ACIDS (such as HYDROCHLORIC, SULFURIC and may be appropriate. NITRIC). * Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR area away from MOISTURE. 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS employees on how and when to use protective equipment. Q: If I have acute health effects, will I later get chronic The following recommendations are only guidelines and may health effects? not apply to every situation. A: Not always. Most chronic (long-term) effects result from repeated exposures to a
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