Common Uses & Side Effects of Medications

Common Uses & Side Effects of Medications (Emergency Department)

Common Medications Common Use for Medication Side effects that MAY occur Gastrointestinal (Stomach, Intestine, Colon) Gas Famotidine (Pepcid®) -Peptic ulcers Nausea Pantoprazole (Protonix®) -GERD Dizziness -Stomach bleed Stomach pain Metoclopramide (Reglan®) Fatigue (Feeling tired) Ondansetron (Zofran®) -Nausea/vomiting Dizziness Prochlorperazine (Compazine®) Constipation Docusate sodium (Colace®)

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax®) Stomach cramping Lactulose -Constipation Diarrhea Polyethylene glycol (Miralax®) Nausea Senna (Senokot®) Sodium phosphate enema (Fleet®) Aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide/simethicone Headache -Antacid (Maalox®) Stomach pain -Upset stomach Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia®) Cramping Atropine-diphenoxylate (Lomotil®) Nausea Loperamide (Imodium®) -Diarrhea Constipation Octreotide (Sandostatin®) Stomach cramping

Simethicone (Mylicon®) -Gas Most patients have no side effects

Analgesics (Pain Medications) -Fever Acetaminophen (Tylenol®) -Pain relief Dizziness Nausea Gabapentin (Neurotin®) -Nerve pain relief Vomiting Pregabalin (Lyrica®) Hydromorphone (Dilaudid®) Dizziness Oxycodone (Oxycontin®) Nausea/Vomiting Oxycodone-acetaminophen (Percocet®) Constipation Methadone Confusion Morphine (MS Contin®) -Pain relief Itchiness Tramadol (Ultram®) Drowsiness Ibuprofen (Motrin®) Nausea/Vomiting Ketorolac (Toradol®) Upset Stomach Benzocaine-menthol (Cepacol®) Nausea/Vomiting Gout Allopurinol (Zyloprim®) Diarrhea Colchicine (Colcrys®) -Gout Nausea Stomach pain

Common Medications Common Use for Medication Side effects that MAY occur Cardiovascular (Heart and Veins) Dizziness Bumetanide (Bumex®) Increase urination Furosemide (Lasix®) -Fluid overload Sensitivity to Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide®) -Heart failure sunlight Metolazone (Zaroxolyn®) -High blood pressure Electrolyte Torsemide (Demadex®) imbalance Atenolol (Tenormin®) Slow heart rate Carvedilol (Coreg®) -Heart rate control Low blood pressure Labetalol (Normodyne®) -High blood pressure Dizziness Metoprolol (Lopressor®/Toprol XL®) -Heart failure Fatigue Propranolol (Inderal®) Constipation

Eplerenone (Inspra®) -Heart failure Increased potassium Spironolactone (Aldactone®) -High blood pressure Breast enlargement (spironolactone)

Captopril (Capoten®) -Heart failure Dizziness Lisinopril (Prinivil®) -High blood pressure Cough (Ace inhibitors) Losartan (Cozaar®) High potassium level Valsartan (Diovan®) Headache Atorvastatin (Lipitor®) -Lower cholesterol Muscle pain Pravastatin (Pravachol®) -Prevent or treat heart attack or Weakness Rosuvastatin (Crestor®) stroke Diarrhea Amlodipine (Norvasc®) Headache Diltiazem (Cardizem®) -High blood pressure Lightheadedness Nicardipine (Cardene®) -Heart rate control Dizziness Nifedipine XL (Procardia®) Verapamil (Calan®) Headache -High blood pressure Hydralazine (Apresoline®) Dizziness -Heart failure IV- irritation at injection site Neurologic/Psychiatric (Brain Medications) Alprazolam (Xanax®) -Anxiety Dizziness Chlordiazepoxide (Librium®) -Seizures Drowsiness Clonazepam (Klonopin®) -Muscle spasms Diazepam (Valium®) -Alcohol withdrawal Lorazepam (Ativan®) Carbamazepine (Tegretol®) Dizziness -Prevent and/or treat seizures or Lamotrigine (Lamictal®) Drowsiness -Help improve mood Levetiracetam (Keppra®) Rash (carbamazepine, valproic acid, Phenytoin (Dilantin®) lamotrigine) Valproic acid (Depakote®) Citalopram (Celexa®) -Depression and anxiety Headache Escitalopram (Lexapro®) Increased appetite Mirtazapine (Remeron®) Drowsiness Sertraline (Zoloft®) Nausea

Haloperidol (Haldol®) -Bipolar disorder Drowsiness Olanzapine (Zyprexa®) -Schizophrenia High blood sugar Quetiapine (Seroquel®) -Anxiety Weight gain Risperidone (Risperdal®)

Baclofen (Lioresal®, Gablofen®) -Muscle spasms Dry mouth Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril®) Drowsiness

Common Medications Common Use for Medication Side effects that MAY occur Antihistamine (Allergy) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl®) Sleepiness -Itchiness Hydroxyzine (Atarax®) Dizziness Pulmonary (Lungs) -Asthma Shakiness Albuterol (Proair®, Proventil®, Ventolin®) -COPD Increased heart rate Ipratropium (Atrovent®) -Shortness of breath Headache -Asthma Budesonide-formoterol (Symbicort®) Headache, oral thrush -COPD Prostate Finasteride (Proscar®) Dizziness -Enlarged prostate Tamsulosin (Flomax®) Headache Electrolytes and supplements Calcium gluconate Magnesium Oxide Diarrhea (magnesium) Magnesium Sulfate -Low electrolyte levels Upset Stomach Potassium Chloride IV- irritation at injection site Sodium Bicarbonate Calcium Carbonate Folic acid -Supplements Constipation (calcium only) Multivitamin Thiamine

Cholecalciferol - Low Vitamin D levels Most people do not have side effects Ergocalciferol

Vaccines Hepatitis B Vaccine (Recombivax®) -Exposure to Hepatitis B

Rabies Vaccine (RabAvert®) -Exposure to Rabies Redness Pain to Injection Site Tetanus Vaccine (Adacel®) -Exposure to Tetanus

Imaging Agents Diatrizoate (Gastrografin®) -Contrast Dye Allergic Reaction (rare)

This information is brief and general. It should not be the only source of your information on this health care topic. It is not to be used or relied on for diagnosis or treatment. It does not take the place of instructions from your doctor. Talk to your health care providers before making a health care decision.